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Myths After Lincoln While I Wrote Abraham Lincoln: the Prairie Years, These Brain Children of Ours Repre- Sent Our Method of That Period

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Myths After Lincoln While I Wrote Abraham Lincoln: the Prairie Years, These Brain Children of Ours Repre- Sent Our Method of That Period LINCOLN ROOM UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY MEMORIAL the Class of 1901 =e:f: Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://archive.org/details/mythsafterlincolOOillewi MYTHS after LINCOLN WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY CARL SANDBURG THE PRESS OF THE READERS CLUB NEW YORK This first published, book was and copyrighty in 1929 by Har- courty Brace and Company; from which company spe- cial permission has been obtained for publication of this edition by The Readers Club The special contents of this edition are copyright, 1941 , by The Readers Club This edition has been designed by Arnold Bank, and the deco- rations drawn by him; the type used is Caslon Old Face; the composition, printing and binding have been done by the Kingsport Press, Inc. PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA L<*3 PL 5 W4I TO T#E MEMORY OF JOSEPH B. and JAY LEWIS V O INTRODUCTION During the early 1920s while Lloyd Lewis and I were doing our daily stint on Chicago newspapers, we began our tentative experiments at writing history. We had not been trained so that either of us could say he had capacity or ability to be a profes- sional historian. We had enjoyed practice of different sorts at the trade of writing, and each of us could discuss with some de- gree of proficiency those articles of use known as verbs and ad- jectives. We were acquainted with books elaborate with learning written in a dull and clumsy style that oppressed the reader. We knew other books where men of shallow wisdom and showman's tricks had subverted and falsified so as to fool young people regarding events and characters where the reality is better than the myth. We found ourselves agreed on the great service per- formed by some historians who did their work rather humbly — as though every piece of historical writing has all the limitations of the imperfect individual. We agreed that no history can be better than the writer of it, that faults and merits of an author stand forth and cannot be hidden, that when and if you are able to find perfected impersonal history your emotions are those of one gazing on a fixed and changeless scene where a painted ship halts on a painted ocean and nobody cares. In the mood of these resolutions in the 1920s Lloyd Lewis worked on Myths After Lincoln while I wrote Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Years, These brain children of ours repre- sent our method of that period. Each of us changed to a some- what different method as registered later in Lloyd Lewis' Sherman: Fighting Profhet and my Abraham Lincoln: The War Years. There was no time when Friend Lewis was saying, "Now I will write a book and be an author." It didn't happen that way. It was more like this: Friend Lewis found himself nourished Vlll INTRODUCTION and rested by reading hundreds of books about the War of the 1860s and its leading characters, following at the same time a parallel course of reading in folk-lore, mythology and myth- making. He found a vast curiosity leading him through the source material connected with myths after Lincoln while he was preoccupied with the "dying-god" theory of Frazer and other folk-lorists. From time to time I heard Friend Lewis talk- ing off pages and chapters of this book. One day he decided he would write what he was talking in this field. Then if he later forgot it he could come back to what he had written and there it would be. If some publisher cared to print the manuscript as a book that would be very well. At first he named it The Dying God, later changed to Myths After Lincoln. While the book has richly rewarded the scrutiny of its read- ers over the last ten years, it deserves a wider audience among those interested m Lincoln and in the American tradition. It is one of the standard works on the drama and events around Lincoln's death and the realities and myths that came after. Corrections and changes have been made in accord with later material that has developed. Certain source materials are here first presented, these including Lewis' notes of interviews and personal inquiries. Here is the categorical documentation, at times macabre, of the seventeen various occasions when the coffined remains of Abraham Lincoln have been moved from one place to another and on occasion the face identified for veri- fication. There are moments when Friend Lewis achieves laugh- ter or a flash of poetry in a single sentence of a sober fact nar- rative. In every part of the United States I have met readers sending thanks to him for having obeyed the impulse to write the book — to which my response ran that I was glad this book had come from an old and valued friend, a lighted spirit deep in its love and understanding of America. CARL SANDBURG ACKNOWLEDGMENT To tom peete cross, Professor of Comparative Literature at the University of Chicago, for the use of his immense and schol- arly information on folk-lore and its examination. To William E. Dodd, Professor of History at the University of Chicago, for the use of his knowledge of American history, his ability to weigh facts with unmatched insight and honesty, and for his remark, "Perhaps no man can ever free himself en- tirely from prejudice j still, it is interesting to attempt it." To Mrs. C. O'Crowley and Miss Tillie Weichmann of An- derson, Indiana j E. V. Valentine and William B. Lightfoot of Richmond, Virginia; and John B. Simonton of Washington, D. C, all of whom gave me the interviews quoted on pages that follow. To Governor Henry Horner of Illinois for the use of his famous collection of Lincolniana; and to Carl Sandburg for items, counsel and promptings. To the Congressional Library at Washington; to the Public Libraries of New York, Chicago and Richmond, Virginia; and to the Chicago Historical Society for the use of books and man- uscripts. To Edward Lewis and Sanford M. Keltner of Anderson, Indiana j Charles H. Jordan of Wauseon, Ohio; W. C. Woodall of Columbus, Georgia; James Hutton of Chicago, Illinois, and Aubrey Cribb of Springfield, Illinois, for valued items of in- formation. To Herbert Wells Fay and J. C. Thompson of Springfield, Illinois, for time and thought spent in unearthing facts concern- ing Abraham Lincoln's tomb. To Major Willis Crittenberger of the U. S. War Department for assistance in finding original manuscripts in the Depart- ment's archives at Washington. ACKNOWLEDGMENT To Liberty, Plain Talk and Century for the right to reprint, here, as chapters, articles which they originally published. To certain pioneers such as Joseph Rogers, Ziba Darlington, Noah Haines and T. M. Hardy, veterans of the Army of the Tennessee, who have long been dead under little Union flags in the Friends' graveyard at Spring Valley, Indiana, but who, in their lifetimes, would tell an inquisitive boy what they remem- bered. CONTENTS PART ONE: THE DYING GOD 1. three silver stars 3 2. mad march hares 7 3. in the cabin of the "river queen" 12 4. "just a friend from Illinois" 27 5. "a ship sailing rapidly" 38 6. horrible carnival 46 7. cold rain in the morning 54 8. "black easter" 67 9. they knew what god wanted 80 10. the dying god 92 11. the mirrors were draped 105 12. half circus, half heartbreak 113 PART TWO: THE AMERICAN JUDAS 13. PORTRAIT OF AN ASSASSIN^ FATHER 131 14. WOMEN "SPOILED" HIM 144 15. CARTOON ASSASSINS 158 " Xll CONTENTS 16. "ham actor" 175 17. RED SUNDOWN 187 18. "the widow-woman" 196 19. the four who were hanged 206 20. sharks and cats 213 21. "this is to certify— 216 22. phantom footsteps 232 23. "the glory-to-god man" 246 PART THREE: ALTAR SMOKE 24. MYTHS AT THE TOMB OF LINCOLN 259 25. the "coney" men 266 26. the lincoln guard of honor 281 27. the dreams of a prophet 289 28. the holiday of death 304 29. "the shapes arise" 320 30. AFTERGLOW 343 EPILOGUE post mortem 347 sources 357 INDEX 361 MYTHS after LINCOLN PART ONE THE DYING GOD v v * 1 * * v THREE SILVER STARS It was strangely quiet even for Sunday, this ninth day of April, 1865, as Ulysses S. Grant jogged along the Virginia road that led to Appomattox Court House, his head drooping on his stubby little body. The big guns were still. Through the woods on either side of the white road, two armies sat motionless, waiting. One of them was his, the bruised but powerful Army of the Potomac, the other was that of his enemies, the Army of North- ern Virginia, bled white and exhausted. Four years of war were done. Eleven States of the South that had been fighting so frenziedly to tear their way out of the United States of America had fallen gasping across their guns. They hadn't the strength to make their get-away. Secession was a gone dream, a lost cause. Grant, always solemn, more solemn now than ever, was riding to receive Robert E. Lee's surrender, and it made him sad. At Lee and at Lee's desperate Army of Northern Virginia, last hope of the South, he had been pounding all Spring, all the Winter before, and the Summer before that. Now the end had come. He was glad it was over, but compassion for the brave old foe drowned all the elation of his own triumph.
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