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A Revisión of the South American Spider , 1905 (Araneae, Lycosidae

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A Revisión of the South American Spider , 1905 (Araneae, Lycosidae ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Andrias Jahr/Year: 2001 Band/Volume: 15 Autor(en)/Author(s): Santos Adalberto J., Brescovit Antonio Domingos Artikel/Article: A revisión of the South American spider genus Aglaoctenus Tullgren, 1905 (Araneae, Lycosidae, Sosippinae) 75-90 ©Staatl. Mus. f. Naturkde Karlsruhe & Naturwiss. Ver. Karlsruhe e.V.; download unter www.zobodat.at andrias, 15: 75-90, 8 figs; Karlsruhe, 15.12.2001 75 A d a lb e r t o J. S a n t o s & A n t o n io D. B r e s c o v it A revisión of the South American spider genus Aglaoctenus T u l l g r e n , 1905 (Araneae, Lycosidae, Sosippinae) Abstract genus increased in number of species with the The wolf spider genus Aglaoctenus is revised, and of the 12 description of P. harknessi Chamberlin , 1916, P. original species only two are considered valid: A. castaneus ello eitao ello (M ello -Leitáo ) and A. la g o tis (Holmberg ). Eight specific na­ glieschi M -L , 1926, P callipoda M - mes are considered junior synonyms of A. lagotis: Porrimosa Leitao , 1934, and P. castanea Mello -Leitao , 1942, granadensis (Keyserling ), P. freiburguensis (Keyserling ), P. and with the transference of Ocyale lagotis Holmberg , d ive rsa (O.P.-Cambridge ), P. o bscu ra (Keyserling ), P. g lie s c h i 1876. Moreover, Mello-Leitao (1947) informally trans­ (Mello-Leitáo ), P. ca llip o d a (Mello-Leitáo ), Aglaoctenus bifa- ferred all South American species assigned to the s c ia tu s T ullgren and A. harknessi (Chamberlin ). Aglaoctenus pisaurid genus Tetragonophthalma Karsch , 1878 to g u ia n e n s is Caporiacco , described based on an immature spe­ Porrima, with no justifications or even a list of these cimen from French Guyana is considered species inquirenda species. Currently, four South American species have and Porrimosa securifera Tullgren , based on a female speci­ men from Argentina is transferred to O rin o c o s aC hamberlin . been assigned to Tetragonophthalma: T. spinipes The Aglaoctenus species are distributed exclusively in South Taczanowski , 1873, T. granadensis Keyserling , 1876, America, except Chile. T. freiburguensis Keyserling , 1877, and T. obscura Keyserling , 1891. Since Mello -Leitao presents no Resumo evidence that the type specimens of these species O género Aglaoctenus é revisado e de suas 12 espécies origi­ were examined, we suppose the transference was náis, apenas duas sao consideradas válidas, A. castaneus based on their original descriptions. Obviously, Mello- (Mello-Leitáo ) e A . la g o tis (Holmberg ). Oito nomes específi­ Leitao ’s concept of Porrima was too ample, since one cos sao aqui sinonimizados com A. lagotis: Porrimosa grana­ d e n s is (Keyserling ), P. freiburguensis (Keyserling ), P. d iv e r­ of those species, T. spinipes, was posteriorly trans­ sa (O.P.-Cambridge ), P. o b s c u ra (Keyserling ), P. g iie é c h i ferred to Staberius Simon, 1898, a pisaurid genus, by (Mello-Leitáo ), P. ca llip o d a (Mello-Leitáo ), Aglaoctenus bifa- Carico (1981). s c ia tu s T ullgren e A. harknessi (Chamberlin ). Aglaoctenus Although Porrima was originally placed in Lycosidae g u ia n e n s is Caporiacco , descrito com base em um ¡maturo da by Simon, it’s taxonomic position was confusing. Many Guiana é considerada species inquirenda e Porrimosa securi­ species posteriorly transferred to this genus came fe ra T ullgren , descrita com base em urna fémea da Argenti­ from Pisauridae, and Porrima itself was considered a na é transferida para O rin o c o s aChamberlin . As espécies de ehtinen Aglaoctenus estáo distribuidas exclusivamente na América do pisaurid by L (1967). Part of this confusion can Sul, com excegáo do Chile. be attributed to the genus’s pisaurid eye pattern, together with a lycosid genitalia. Another confusing Authors character of this group and probably the reason why M. Se. Adalberto J. Santos & Dr. Antonio D. Brescovit , Mello-Leitao (1941a) considered Porrima as an “inter­ Laboratorio de Artrópodes, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brasil mediate” genus between the Lycosidae and Age- 1500, CEP 05503-900, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil; lenidae, is the funnel-web constructed by the spiders. e-mail: [email protected] The generic classification of this group of species changed considerably during the 50’s, when Roewer Key words published important papers on lycosid classification. In Araneae, Lycosidae, Sosippinae, Aglaoctenus, Porrimosa, South America, taxonomy 1 1954b, he proposed a new genus, Porrimula, for P. callipoda, based on the fact that the distance between the posterior median eyes is equal to the eye diame­ 1. Introduction ter, while in other species of the group this distance is smaller than the eye diameter. In Roewer ’s classifica­ This study revises a group with a long and confusing tion, Porrimula and Porrima are united by the pres­ taxonomic history, that began with the proposition of ence of four teeth in the cheliceral fang furrow’s poste­ the genus Porrima by Simon (1898). This genus was rior margin. In 1959 he transferred the species with 3 based on Podophthalma diversa Cambridge , 1877, teeth to a new genus, Porrimosa, including P. hark­ and diagnosed by the procurved anterior eye row and nessi, P. castanea, P. glieschi and P. lagotis. The the presence of 4 teeth on the posterior margin of the genus Porrima was maintained, including only P. cheliceral fang furrow. During the next 50 years, the diversa and P. granadensis. ©Staatl. Mus. f. Naturkde Karlsruhe & Naturwiss. Ver. Karlsruhe e.V.; download unter www.zobodat.at 76 andrias, 15 (2001) Roewer ’s partition of the genus Porrima was dis­ Dávila , G. Lamas ); MHNM, Museo de Historia Natural de Mon­ cussed by Capocasale (1982), in the most recent revi­ tevideo, Montevideo (R. M. Capocasale ); MLP, Museo de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, La Plata (C. Sutton de sion of this group. Capocasale shows that the charac­ Licitra ); MCN, Museu de Ciencias Naturais, Fundagao ter “four teeth in cheliceral fang furrow” was an early Zoobotánica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (E.H. perpetuated error, since the syntypes of P. diversa, Buckup ); MCP, Museu de Ciencias da Pontificia Universidade the specimens used by Simon to describe Porrima, Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre (A.A. Lise ); and 97.6% of the material examined by him possess MHCI, Museu de Historia Natural “Capáo do Imbuia”, Curitiba only three teeth. Based on this observations, the two (J.C. Moura -Leite ); MNRJ, Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro genera described by Roewer are considered subjec­ (A.B. Kury ); MZSP, Museu de Zoología da Universidade de tive junior synonyms of Porrima. Nevertheless, this Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, (E. Cancello ); MCZ, Museum of Com­ parative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge (L. name, the earliest one available for the group, could Leibensperger ); MNHN, Muséum National de Histoire not be used because it was preoccupied by a Lepi- Naturelle, Paris (C. Rollard ); USNM, National Museum of doptera species 21 years before Simon’s description Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington (J.A. (Neave 1940). To solve this homonymy, Capocasale Coddington); NHRM, Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm preferred to use the name Porrimosa Roewer , 1959, (T. Kronestedt ); SMNK, Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde since he considered the earlier Porrimula Roewer , Karlsruhe (H. Hófer); UEFS, Universidade Estadual de Feira 1954 a nomen dubium. That was because, at the time, de Santana, Feira de Santana (E. X avier ); UNESP, Universi­ the holotype of P. callipoda, was erroneously consid­ dade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Botucatu, Botucatu (I. M. P. Rinaldi). ered lost. Male palpi were expanded by immersion in 10% KOH solution Capocasale (1982; 1991) considered only three valid followed by immersion in water. To describe the internal struc­ species in the genus: P. lagotis, P. castanea and P. ture of the female genitalia, epigynes were removed and harknessi. All other species described in the group placed in a 10% KOH solution for - 10 min. and examined in were considered as species inquirendae since their clove oil (Levi , 1965). All measurements, except eye sizes and immature or lost type specimens do not permit their interdistances, were taken with a dial caliper, and are in mm. proper recognition. The same happened to isohogna Descriptions and abbreviations follow Brescovit & H ófer (1994). The terminology of genitalic structures follows Brady securifer (Tullgren, 1905), transferred erroneously to (1962) and Sierwald (2000). Porrimosa and considered species inquirenda by Capocasale (1982). Two new species were included in this genus when Carico (1993) transferred Aglaoctenus T ullgren , 3. Systematics 1905 from Pisauridae to Lycosidae and considered it a junior synonym of Porrimosa. This transfer was based Aglaoctenus T u l l g r e n , 1 9 0 5 on the examination of the holotype of A bifasciatus T ullgren , 1905, the type species of the genus, and 1898 P o rrim a Simon: Hist. Nat. Araignées, 2: 327 (type also included A. guianensis Caporiacco , 1954. As species by original designation Podophtalma diversa stated by Platnick (1997), the name Aglaoctenus has O. P.-C ambridge , 1877); name preoccupied (Neave priority over Porrimosa, and consequently, in contrast 1940) 1905 Aglaoctenus T ullgren: Ark. Zool., 2: 52 (type species by to the statement of Carico (1993), must be considered monotypy A. bifasciatus T ullgren , 1905) the senior synonym. 1954 P o rrim u la Roewer : Katalog der Araneae, 2: 313 (type In this paper, we present a new revision of this genus, species by monotypy Porrima callipoda Mello -Leitäo which so far included 11 nominal species. After examin­ 1934) ing more than 300 specimens from several South 1959 P o rrim o sa Roewer : Exploration du Parc National de L’U- American locations and the majority of the type species, pemba, 30: 1001-1002 we came to the conclusion that all these specimens are 1967 P o rrim a -Lehtinen : Ann.
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