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Illinois River Instream Flow Biological Assessment

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Illinois River Instream Flow Biological Assessment FINAL DRAFT TECHNICAL REPORT Illinois River Instream Flow Assessment Prepared for Oklahoma Water Resources Board U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Tulsa District June 2016 CH2M HILL Engineers, Inc. 401 S Boston, Suite 330 Tulsa, OK 74103-4425 Normandeau Associates, Inc. 890 L Street Arcata, CA 95521 Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations ............................................................................................................ vii 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1-1 2 Watershed Resources ......................................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Watershed Overview ....................................................................................................... 2-1 2.2 Hydrology ......................................................................................................................... 2-3 2.3 Water Rights and Water Usage ..................................................................................... 2-10 2.3.1 Sources of Water .............................................................................................. 2-10 2.3.2 Water Rights ..................................................................................................... 2-11 2.3.3 Water Usage ..................................................................................................... 2-12 2.4 Water Quality ................................................................................................................. 2-13 2.5 Fisheries ......................................................................................................................... 2-15 2.6 Wildlife ........................................................................................................................... 2-19 2.7 Recreation ...................................................................................................................... 2-20 2.8 Riparian Corridor ............................................................................................................ 2-23 3 Fish Habitat Modeling ......................................................................................................... 3-1 3.1 PHABSIM Study Objectives .............................................................................................. 3-1 3.2 Study Area and Reach Boundaries ................................................................................... 3-1 3.3 Methods ........................................................................................................................... 3-3 3.3.1 Habitat Mapping ................................................................................................. 3-3 3.3.2 Study Site and Transect Selection/Placement .................................................... 3-4 3.3.3 Data Collection .................................................................................................... 3-4 3.3.4 Hydraulic Simulation ........................................................................................... 3-6 3.3.5 Target Species and Habitat Suitability Criteria ................................................... 3-7 3.3.6 Physical Habitat Simulation .............................................................................. 3-15 3.4 Results ............................................................................................................................ 3-15 3.4.1 Habitat Mapping ............................................................................................... 3-15 3.4.2 Study Site and Transect Selection/Placement .................................................. 3-16 3.4.3 Data Collection .................................................................................................. 3-21 3.4.4 Hydraulic Model Simulation ............................................................................. 3-23 3.4.5 Physical Habitat Simulation .............................................................................. 3-24 4 Discussion ........................................................................................................................... 4-1 4.1 Interpretation of Fish Habitat Modeling Results ............................................................. 4-1 4.2 Need for Ecological Flows ................................................................................................ 4-2 4.3 Decision-making Considerations ...................................................................................... 4-3 4.3.1 Need to Consider Basin Goals ............................................................................. 4-3 4.3.2 Need to Consider All Resources and Their Priorities .......................................... 4-4 4.3.3 Need to Consider Water Availability .................................................................. 4-5 5 References .......................................................................................................................... 5-1 EN0525161143PDX III CONTENTS Appendix Aerial Maps of the Illinois River Corridor between Tahlequah and Watts, Oklahoma, with Secondary Channels Highlighted Tables 2-1 Land Cover in the Oklahoma Portion of the Illinois River Basin from 2001 LandSat. ................... 2-2 2-2 USGS Stream Gage Information for the Illinois River Study Area. ................................................ 2-4 2-3 Peak Flow Recurrence Intervals Calculated using the Log -Pearson Type 3 Method. .................. 2-4 2-4 Month of Occurrence for Annual Peak Flow Events Greater Than 14,112 cfs for the Illinois River at Tahlequah, Oklahoma. ......................................................................................... 2-5 2-5 Upper Illinois River Basin Surface Water Permits in Oklahoma. ................................................ 2-11 2-6 Average Annual Surface Water Usage (acre-feet) in the Upper Illinois River Basin above Barren Fork Creek Confluence in Oklahoma, 2010-2013. .......................................................... 2-12 2-7 Impaired Waters on the Oklahoma 303 (d) List for the Illinois River Basin. ............................... 2-14 2-8 Mean Abundance (numbers per sampling event) of Fish Species Collected in the Illinois River, Barren Fork Creek, and Flint Creek during 2003-2012 ............................................................... 2-16 2-9 Illinois River Monthly Float Users, 2003-2008, as Reported by Commercial and Private Float Operators in Oklahoma. .............................................................................................................. 2-21 2-10 Streamflow Considerations for Recreational Boating/Floating Activity on the Illinois River Based at the USGS Tahlequah Gage (Source: Ed Fite, Oklahoma Scenic Rivers Commission). .. 2-22 2-11 Ratio of Secondary Channel Length to the Main Channel Length in the Illinois River between Watts and Tahlequah, Oklahoma. .............................................................................................. 2-23 3-1 Target Calibration Flows by Reach for the Illinois River Instream Flow Study ............................. 3-4 3-2 Categories of Substrate and Cover and their Codes used in the Barren Fork Creek Instream Flow Simulation ............................................................................................................................ 3-6 3-3 Common Names of Fish Species Found in the Illinois River Basin Associated with Key Habitat-Use Assemblages. ............................................................................................................ 3-8 3-4 Habitat Suitability Criteria for Juvenile and Adult Smallmouth Bass ............................................ 3-9 3-5 Habitat Suitability Criteria for Shallow-fast, Intermediate, and Deep-slow Habitat-use Assemblages ................................................................................................................................. 3-9 3-6 Habitat Mapping Date and River Flow in Three River Reaches used for the Illinois River Instream Flow Study ................................................................................................................... 3-15 3-7 Habitat Mapping Summary for the Lower Illinois River.............................................................. 3-16 3-8 Habitat Mapping Summary for the Upper Illinois River ............................................................. 3-16 3-9 Habitat Mapping Summary for Flint Creek ................................................................................. 3-16 3-10 Number of Transects by Habitat Type and Percent Representation Based on Habitat Mapping Results for the Lower Illinois River.............................................................................................. 3-17 3-11 Number of Transects by Habitat Type and Percent Representation Based on Habitat Mapping Results for the Upper Illinois River ............................................................................................. 3-17 3-12 Number of Transects by Habitat Type and Percent Representation Based on Habitat Mapping Results for Flint Creek ................................................................................................................. 3-17 3-13 Measured Calibration Flows by Reach for the Illinois River Instream Flow Study ..................... 3-21 3-14 Measured High Flow and Wetted Width of Transects in the Lower Illinois River
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