DOCSLIB.ORG

The of Stout Hexactins and Pentactins Over an Axial Skeleton Cuff Basal Margin

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The of Stout Hexactins and Pentactins Over an Axial Skeleton Cuff Basal Margin Marinethe Fauna of New Zealand Euplectellid glass sponges (Hexactinellida, Lyssacinosida, Euplectellidae) Henry M. Reiswig Michelle Kelly NIWA Biodiversity Memoir 130 2018 The Marine Fauna of New Zealand Euplectellid glass sponges Cover image Close-up of the apex of new species, Regadrella hispida sp. nov. with a delicate corona of marginal spicules projecting in a thin frilly cuff on the upper body wall, eyelash-like hexactine parietal prostalia projecting from the rim, and hispid body wall. A venus shrimp, Spongicoloides sp., one of a pair that live commensally in each sponge, is visible just inside the cavity. NIWA 126123 was collected and photographed onboard ROV Kiel 6000, during the GEOMAR RV Sonne expedition SO254, on the southern Kermadec Ridge (RV Sonne Stn SO254/33ROV08_BIOBOX23, 35.380°S, 178.980°E, 1184 m). Copyright: ROV Kiel 6000 Team/ GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany. Marinethe Fauna of New Zealand Euplectellid glass sponges (Hexactinellida, Lyssacinosida, Euplectellidae) Henry M. Reiswig Michelle Kelly NIWA Biodiversity Memoir 1302018 Cataloguing in Publication REISWIG, H.M.; KELLY, M. The Marine Fauna of New Zealand. Euplectellid glass sponges (Hexactinellida, Lyssacinosida, Euplectellidae) / by Henry M. Reiswig & Michelle Kelly—Wellington: NIWA (National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research), 2018 (NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, ISSN 1174-0043; 130) Soft cover ISBN 978-0-473-39713-5 Hard cover ISBN 978-0-473-39714-2 Electronic ISBN 978-0-473-39715-9 Series and Managing Editor Michelle Kelly, NIWA Technical Editor Sadie Mills, NIWA Copy edited, typeset and indexed by Geoff Gregory, Word Therapy, Paraparaumu Series design and initial layout by TCMedia Ltd Printed and bound by Graphic Press & Packaging Ltd, Levin Accepted for publication by Sadie Mills, 21 March 2018, published 1 July 2018 Special thanks to our international contributors _______________________________________ ISSN 1174-0043; 130 (print edition) Copyright NIWA © 2017 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ CONTENTS 8 Abstract 9 Non-technical summary 9 Introduction 10 Methods and materials 13 Terminology 16 Abbreviations PREFACE 16 Acknowledgements 20 Checklist of species from the New Zealand EEZ 21 Order Lyssacinosida Zittel, 1877 21 Family Euplectellidae Gray, 1867 21 Subfamily Euplectellinae Gray, 1867 22 Genus Euplectella Owen, 1841 36 Genus Holascus Schulze, 1886 43 Genus Malacosaccus Schulze, 1886 48 Genus Placopegma Schulze, 1896 48 Subfamily Corbitellinae Gray, 1872 48 Genus Atlantisella Tabachnick, 2002 50 Genus Corbitella Gray, 1867 58 Genus Dictyaulus Schulze, 1896 SYSTEMATICS 73 Genus Regadrella Schmidt, 1880 93 Genus Walteria Schulze, 1886 107 Genus Plumicoma gen. nov. 111 Subfamily Bolosominae Tabachnick, 2002 111 Genus Bolosoma Ijima, 1904 118 Genus Saccocalyx Schulze, 1896 123 Genus Hyalostylus Schulze, 1886 124 Genus Amphidiscella Tabachnick & Lévi, 1997 132 Genus Amphoreus gen. nov. 136 Genus Trychella gen. nov. 140 Discussion 141 References 145 Seafloor images of living euplectellid sponges 168 Taxonomic index TAXONOMY & TAXONOMY Twin, basally conjoined Regadrella okinoseana Ijima, 1896, are very uncommon; they usually occur as single tubes. The image shows the truncate tops covered by rounded sieve-plates and body walls that bears pits, each of which has a parietal osculum in the central depression. The image was captured by DTIS (Deep Towed Imaging System) onboard RV Tangaroa (NIWA Stn TAN1402/147, Valerie Seamount, Louisville Seamount Chain (International waters), 41.370°S, 164.424°E, 1312–1544 m), courtesy of the NIWA South Pacific Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems Project. PREFACE The Marine Fauna of New Zealand. Euplectellid glass sponges (Hexactinellida, Lyssacinosida, Euplectellidae) HENRY M. REISWIG Biology Department, University of Victoria Natural History Section, Royal British Columbia Museum P.O. Box 3020 Stn CSC, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3N5 [email protected] MICHELLE KELLY Coasts and Oceans National Centre National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Private Bag 99940, Auckland 1149, New Zealand [email protected] Abstract Family Euplectellidae Gray, 1867 (Hexactinellida, Lyssacinosida) of the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is reviewed, inventoried from existing and new collections, and revised where necessary. Collections within the NIWA Invertebrate Collection (NIC), the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (NMNZ), and specimens from the NORFANZ mid-Tasman Sea survey, housed at the Queensland Museum (QM), have yielded well over 250 catalogued specimens, some of which are from the Australian EEZ and International waters. Prior to this work, our knowledge of euplectellid glass sponges in New Zealand waters was limited to three species, Regadrella okinoseana Ijima, 1896, Walteria leuckarti Ijima, 1896 and W. flemmingi Schulze, 1885, and eight unde- scribed species listed in Kelly et al. (2009). In 2017, a new species of Atlantisella, A. lorraineae Reiswig & Kelly, 2017, was described from Tangaroa Seamount on the Kermadec Ridge. This list of four known species has now been expanded to a total of 26 species, including an additional four species known from other locations and 18 new species. These 26 species represent each of the three subfamilies, Euplectellinae Gray, 1867, Corbitellinae Gray, 1872, and Bolosominae Tabachnick, 2002, and span 14 genera, three of which are new to science (Plumicoma gen. nov., Amphoreus gen. nov., Trychella gen. nov.). Four additional species, previously unknown in the New Zealand region, are redescribed: Euplectella imperialis Iji- ma, 1894; E. plumosum Tabachnick & Lévi, 2004; Bolosoma charcoti Tabachnick & Lévi, 2004; B. biocalum Tabachnick & Lévi, 2004. Three species from the Norfolk Ridge south of New Caledonia have been included as they are considered highly likely to be present in the New Zealand region, but have, thus far, not been collected: Placopegma plumicomum Tabachnick & Lévi, 2004; Bolosoma meridionale Tabachnick & Lévi, 2004, and Hyalostylus monomicrosclerus Tabach- nick & Lévi, 2004. Numerous records from the Australian EEZ occur in this work: Euplectella imperialis from Lord Howe Plateau and the Great Australian Bight and Walteria flemmingi from the latter locality; E. plumosum from Lord Howe Rise and Regadrella okinoseana from Lord Howe Rise, Norfolk Basin and Seamount 7, South Macquarie Ridge. New species, Regadrella australis sp. nov., is described from the Australian EEZ surrounding Macquarie Island, and other locations in the New Zealand EEZ. Records from International waters surrounding New Zealand include Euplectella imperialis from Lord Howe Plateau and R. okinoseana from Wanganella Bank and Louisville Seamount Chain. 8 Non-technical summary Glass sponges in the Family Euplectellidae (basket glass sponges) found in the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) are reviewed and revised by studying existing and new collections within the NIWA Invertebrate Collection (NIC), Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa (NMNZ) and specimens from the NORFANZ mid-Tasman Sea survey, housed at the Queensland Museum in Brisbane. Studying these collections has yielded well over 250 catalogued specimens, some of which are from the Australian EEZ and International waters. Prior to this work, we only knew of three basket glass sponges in New Zealand waters: Regadrella okinoseana, Walteria leuckarti and W. flemmingi. In 2017, a new species, Atlantisella lorraineae, was described from Tangaroa Sea- mount on the Kermadec Ridge. This list of four known species has now been expanded to a total of 26 species, including an additional four species known from other locations and 18 new species. These 26 species are representative of the entire family Euplectellidae and span 14 genera, three of which are new to science (Plumicoma, Amphoreus, Trychella). Four species previously unknown in the New Zealand region are redescribed: Euplectella imperialis; E. plumo- sum; Bolosoma charcoti and B. biocalum. Three species from the New Caledonia EEZ have been included as they are considered highly likely to be present in the New Zealand region, but have, thus far, not been collected: Placopegma plumicomum; Bolosoma meridionale; Hyalostylus monomicrosclerus. Records from the Australian EEZ are included in this work: Euplectella imperialis, E. plumosum, Regadrella okinoseana and Walteria flemmingi are recorded from Lord Howe Plateau, Lord Howe Rise and Norfolk Basin in the north, Great Australian Bight, South Australia, and South Macquarie Ridge to the south of New Zealand. The type lo- cality of the new species Regadrella australis sp. nov. is Macquarie Ridge, in the Australian EEZ surrounding Macquarie Island; it is also recorded from the surrounding New Zealand EEZ. Records from International waters surrounding New Zealand include Euplectella imperialis from Lord Howe Plateau and R. okinoseana from Wanganella Bank and Louisville Seamount Chain. Keywords Porifera, Hexactinellida, Lyssacinosida, Euplectellidae, Euplectellinae, Bolosominae, Corbitellinae, Amphidiscella, Amphoreus gen. nov., Atlantisella, Bolosoma, Corbitella, Dictyaulus, Euplectella, Holascus, Hyalostylus, Malacosaccus, Regadrella, Saccocalyx, Trychella gen. nov., Walteria, Placopegma, Plumicoma gen. nov., systematics, glass sponge, taxonomy, new species, Great Australian Bight, Lord Howe Plateau, Lord Howe Rise,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Information Review for Protected Deep-Sea Coral Species in the New Zealand Region
    INFORMATION REVIEW FOR PROTECTED DEEP-SEA CORAL SPECIES IN THE NEW ZEALAND REGION NIWA Client Report: WLG2006-85 November 2006 NIWA Project: DOC06307 INFORMATION REVIEW FOR PROTECTED DEEP-SEA CORAL SPECIES IN THE NEW ZEALAND REGION Authors Mireille Consalvey Kevin MacKay Di Tracey Prepared for Department of Conservation NIWA Client Report: WLG2006-85 November 2006 NIWA Project: DOC06307 National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd 301 Evans Bay Parade, Greta Point, Wellington Private Bag 14901, Kilbirnie, Wellington, New Zealand Phone +64-4-386 0300, Fax +64-4-386 0574 www.niwa.co.nz © All rights reserved. This publication may not be reproduced or copied in any form without the permission of the client. Such permission is to be given only in accordance with the terms of the client's contract with NIWA. This copyright extends to all forms of copying and any storage of material in any kind of information retrieval system. Contents Executive Summary iv 1. Introduction 1 2. Corals 1 3. Habitat 3 4. Corals as a habitat 3 5. Major taxonomic groups of deep-sea corals in New Zealand 5 6. Distribution of deep-sea corals in the New Zealand region 9 7. Systematics of deep-sea corals in New Zealand 18 8. Reproduction and recruitment of deep-sea corals 20 9. Growth rates and deep-sea coral ageing 22 10. Fishing effects on deep-sea corals 24 11. Other threats to deep-sea corals 29 12. Ongoing research into deep-sea corals in New Zealand 29 13. Future science and challenges to deep-sea coral research in New Zealand 30 14.
    [Show full text]
  • An Integrative Systematic Framework Helps to Reconstruct Skeletal
    Dohrmann et al. Frontiers in Zoology (2017) 14:18 DOI 10.1186/s12983-017-0191-3 RESEARCH Open Access An integrative systematic framework helps to reconstruct skeletal evolution of glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) Martin Dohrmann1*, Christopher Kelley2, Michelle Kelly3, Andrzej Pisera4, John N. A. Hooper5,6 and Henry M. Reiswig7,8 Abstract Background: Glass sponges (Class Hexactinellida) are important components of deep-sea ecosystems and are of interest from geological and materials science perspectives. The reconstruction of their phylogeny with molecular data has only recently begun and shows a better agreement with morphology-based systematics than is typical for other sponge groups, likely because of a greater number of informative morphological characters. However, inconsistencies remain that have far-reaching implications for hypotheses about the evolution of their major skeletal construction types (body plans). Furthermore, less than half of all described extant genera have been sampled for molecular systematics, and several taxa important for understanding skeletal evolution are still missing. Increased taxon sampling for molecular phylogenetics of this group is therefore urgently needed. However, due to their remote habitat and often poorly preserved museum material, sequencing all 126 currently recognized extant genera will be difficult to achieve. Utilizing morphological data to incorporate unsequenced taxa into an integrative systematics framework therefore holds great promise, but it is unclear which methodological approach best suits this task. Results: Here, we increase the taxon sampling of four previously established molecular markers (18S, 28S, and 16S ribosomal DNA, as well as cytochrome oxidase subunit I) by 12 genera, for the first time including representatives of the order Aulocalycoida and the type genus of Dactylocalycidae, taxa that are key to understanding hexactinellid body plan evolution.
    [Show full text]
  • Download-The-Data (Accessed on 12 July 2021))
    diversity Article Integrative Taxonomy of New Zealand Stenopodidea (Crustacea: Decapoda) with New Species and Records for the Region Kareen E. Schnabel 1,* , Qi Kou 2,3 and Peng Xu 4 1 Coasts and Oceans Centre, National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research, Private Bag 14901 Kilbirnie, Wellington 6241, New Zealand 2 Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; [email protected] 3 College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 4 Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +64-4-386-0862 Abstract: The New Zealand fauna of the crustacean infraorder Stenopodidea, the coral and sponge shrimps, is reviewed using both classical taxonomic and molecular tools. In addition to the three species so far recorded in the region, we report Spongicola goyi for the first time, and formally describe three new species of Spongicolidae. Following the morphological review and DNA sequencing of type specimens, we propose the synonymy of Spongiocaris yaldwyni with S. neocaledonensis and review a proposed broad Indo-West Pacific distribution range of Spongicoloides novaezelandiae. New records for the latter at nearly 54◦ South on the Macquarie Ridge provide the southernmost record for stenopodidean shrimp known to date. Citation: Schnabel, K.E.; Kou, Q.; Xu, Keywords: sponge shrimp; coral cleaner shrimp; taxonomy; cytochrome oxidase 1; 16S ribosomal P. Integrative Taxonomy of New RNA; association; southwest Pacific Ocean Zealand Stenopodidea (Crustacea: Decapoda) with New Species and Records for the Region.
    [Show full text]
  • Status of the Glass Sponge Reefs in the Georgia Basin Sarah E
    Status of the glass sponge reefs in the Georgia Basin Sarah E. Cook, Kim W. Conway, Brenda Burd To cite this version: Sarah E. Cook, Kim W. Conway, Brenda Burd. Status of the glass sponge reefs in the Georgia Basin. Marine Environmental Research, Elsevier, 2008, 66, 10.1016/j.marenvres.2008.09.002. hal-00563054 HAL Id: hal-00563054 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00563054 Submitted on 4 Feb 2011 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Accepted Manuscript Status of the glass sponge reefs in the Georgia Basin Sarah E. Cook, Kim W. Conway, Brenda Burd PII: S0141-1136(08)00204-3 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2008.09.002 Reference: MERE 3286 To appear in: Marine Environmental Research Received Date: 29 October 2007 Revised Date: 28 August 2008 Accepted Date: 2 September 2008 Please cite this article as: Cook, S.E., Conway, K.W., Burd, B., Status of the glass sponge reefs in the Georgia Basin, Marine Environmental Research (2008), doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2008.09.002 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication.
    [Show full text]
  • Application of the ERAEF Approach to Chatham Rise Seamount Features
    Development of seamount risk assessment: application of the ERAEF approach to Chatham Rise seamount features Malcolm R. Clark 1 Alan Williams 2 Ashley A. Rowden 1 Alistair J. Hobday 2 Mireille Consalvey 1 1NIWA Private Bag 14901 Wellington 6241 2CSIRO GPO Box 1538 Hobart Tasmania 7000 New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report No. 74 2011 Published by Ministry of Fisheries Wellington 2011 ISSN 1176-9440 © Ministry of Fisheries 2011 Clark, M.R.; Williams, A.; Rowden, A.A.; Hobday, A.J.; Consalvey, M. (2011). Development of seamount risk assessment: application of the ERAEF approach to Chatham Rise seamount features. New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report No. 74. This series continues the Marine Biodiversity Biosecurity Report series which ceased with No. 7 in February 2005. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Clark, M.R.; Williams, A.; Rowden, A.A.; Hobday, A.J.; Consalvey, M. (2011). Development of seamount risk assessment: application of the ERAEF approach to Chatham Rise seamount features. New Zealand Aquatic Environment and Biodiversity Report No. 74. Seamounts, knolls, and hills are common features of New Zealand’s marine environment. They can host fragile benthic invertebrate communities (e.g., cold-water corals) that are highly vulnerable to human impacts, especially bottom trawling. Commercial fisheries on seamount features for species such as orange roughy are widespread throughout the EEZ, and hence developing a risk assessment for seamount habitat from the effects of bottom trawling has been a focus of research projects supported by both the Ministry of Fisheries and Foundation for Research, Science & Technology. An approach to ecological risk assessment widely used by the Australian Fisheries Management Authority to assess Australian fisheries is the Ecological Risk Assessment for Effects of Fishing (ERAEF).
    [Show full text]
  • SCIENCE, SEAMOUNTS and SOCIETY Tony Watts on the Urgent Need for Increased Seafloor Mapping
    SCIENTISTVOLUME 29 No. 07 ◆ AUGUST 2019 ◆ WWW.GEOLSOC.ORG.UK/GEOSCIENTIST GEOThe Fellowship Magazine of the Geological Society of London @geoscientistmag A peak at planetary defence SCIENCE, SEAMOUNTS AND SOCIETY Tony Watts on the urgent need for increased seafloor mapping FALLING STARS GEOTOURSIM CONGLOMERATE CREDIT Douglas Palmer ponders To raise geology’s profile, Murray Gray Nina Morgan on the meteors, poetry and art pushes for a ‘Great Geosites’ project recognition of Anne Phillips WWW.GEOLSOC.ORG.UK/GEOSCIENTIST | AUGUST 2019 | 1 Petroleum Geoscience The international journal of geoenergy and applied earth science Looking to the future AD SPACE XR++++END USE OF ALL FOSSIL FUELS++++XR We are pleased to announce that, during its 25th anniversary year, Petroleum Geoscience has decided to introduce a new series of papers on the theme of Energy Geoscience. Petroleum Geoscience already publishes papers on geoscience aspects of energy storage, CO2 storage and geothermal energy, although our current content is mainly research related to hydrocarbon exploration and production. Research focused on new and emerging topics, such as cyclic storage of gas or geothermal energy, will represent an increasing fraction of the Journal’s coverage and deserve a more specifi c home. By introducing the Energy Geoscience Series, we hope to create a channel for the anticipated growth in non-petroleum related aspects of geoenergy and applied earth science. We continue to invite papers on any aspect of geoenergy and applied earth science, but now authors are able to choose between submission under Energy Geoscience alongside the traditional categories under Petroleum Geoscience or one of the more specifi c Thematic Set topics we choose to run from time to time.
    [Show full text]
  • The State of Knowledge of Deep-Sea Corals in the New Zealand Region Di Tracey1 and Freya Hjorvarsdottir2 (Eds, Comps) © 2019
    The state of knowledge of deep-sea corals in the New Zealand region Di Tracey1 and Freya Hjorvarsdottir2 (eds, comps) © 2019. All rights reserved. The copyright for this report, and for the data, maps, figures and other information (hereafter collectively referred to as “data”) contained in it, is held by NIWA is held by NIWA unless otherwise stated. This copyright extends to all forms of copying and any storage of material in any kind of information retrieval system. While NIWA uses all reasonable endeavours to ensure the accuracy of the data, NIWA does not guarantee or make any representation or warranty (express or implied) regarding the accuracy or completeness of the data, the use to which the data may be put or the results to be obtained from the use of the data. Accordingly, NIWA expressly disclaims all legal liability whatsoever arising from, or connected to, the use of, reference to, reliance on or possession of the data or the existence of errors therein. NIWA recommends that users exercise their own skill and care with respect to their use of the data and that they obtain independent professional advice relevant to their particular circumstances. NIWA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY SERIES NUMBER 84 ISSN 1173-0382 Citation for full report: Tracey, D.M. & Hjorvarsdottir, F. (eds, comps) (2019). The State of Knowledge of Deep-Sea Corals in the New Zealand Region. NIWA Science and Technology Series Number 84. 140 p. Recommended citation for individual chapters (e.g., for Chapter 9.: Freeman, D., & Cryer, M. (2019). Current Management Measures and Threats, Chapter 9 In: Tracey, D.M.
    [Show full text]
  • Nuclear and Mitochondrial Phylogeny of Rossella
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/037440; this version posted January 22, 2016. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-ND 4.0 International license. bioRχiv DOI here! New Nuclear and mitochondrial phylogeny of Rossella (Hexactinellida: Lyssacinosida, Rossellidae): a species and a species flock in the Southern Ocean Results Sergio Vargas1, Martin Dohrmann1, Christian Göcke2, Dorte Janussen2, and Gert Wörheide §1,3,4 1Department of Earth- & Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology and Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universtität München, Richard-Wagner Str. 10, D-80333 München, Germany 2Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum Senckenberg, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany 3Bavarian State Collections of Palaeontology and Geology, Richard-Wagner Str. 10, D-80333 München, Germany 4GeoBio-CenterLMU, Richard-Wagner Str. 10, D-80333 München, Germany Abstract Hexactinellida (glass sponges) are abundant and important components of Antarctic benthic communities. However, the relationships and systematics within the common genus Rossella Carter, 1872 (Lyssacinosida: Rossellidae) are unclear and in need of revi- sion. The species content of this genus has changed dramatically over the years depend- ing on the criteria used by the taxonomic authority consulted. Rossella was formerly regarded as a putatively monophyletic group distributed in the Southern Ocean and the North Atlantic. However, molecular phylogenetic analyses have shown that Rossella is restricted to the Southern Ocean, where it shows a circum-Antarctic and subantarctic distribution. Herein, we provide a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the genus Rossella, based on mitochondrial (16S rDNA and COI) and nuclear (28S rDNA) markers.
    [Show full text]
  • Deep Phylogeny and Evolution of Sponges (Phylum Porifera)
    CHAPTER ONE Deep Phylogeny and Evolution of Sponges (Phylum Porifera) G. Wo¨rheide*,†,‡,1, M. Dohrmann§, D. Erpenbeck*,†, C. Larroux*, M. Maldonado}, O. Voigt*, C. Borchiellinijj and D. V. Lavrov# Contents 1. Introduction 3 2. Higher-Level Non-bilaterian Relationships 4 2.1. The status of phylum Porifera: Monophyletic or paraphyletic? 7 2.2. Why is the phylogenetic status of sponges important for understanding early animal evolution? 13 3. Mitochondrial DNA in Sponge Phylogenetics 16 3.1. The mitochondrial genomes of sponges 16 3.2. Inferring sponge phylogeny from mtDNA 18 4. The Current Status of the Molecular Phylogeny of Demospongiae 18 4.1. Introduction to Demospongiae 18 4.2. Taxonomic overview 19 4.3. Molecular phylogenetics 22 4.4. Future work 32 5. The Current Status of the Molecular Phylogeny of Hexactinellida 33 5.1. Introduction to Hexactinellida 33 5.2. Taxonomic overview 33 5.3. Molecular phylogenetics 34 5.4. Future work 37 6. The Current Status of the Molecular Phylogeny of Homoscleromorpha 38 6.1. Introduction to Homoscleromorpha 38 * Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology & Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians- Universita¨tMu¨nchen, Mu¨nchen, Germany { GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universita¨tMu¨nchen, Mu¨nchen, Germany { Bayerische Staatssammlung fu¨r Pala¨ontologie und Geologie, Mu¨nchen, Germany } Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC, USA } Department of Marine Ecology, Centro de Estudios Avanzados de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Girona, Spain jj Institut Me´diterrane´en de Biodiversite´ et d’Ecologie marine et continentale, UMR 7263 IMBE, Station Marine d’Endoume, Chemin de la Batterie des Lions, Marseille, France # Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA 1Corresponding author: Email: [email protected] Advances in Marine Biology, Volume 61 # 2012 Elsevier Ltd ISSN 0065-2881, DOI: 10.1016/B978-0-12-387787-1.00007-6 All rights reserved.
    [Show full text]
  • Deep-Sea Life Issue 16, January 2021 Cruise News Sedimentation Effects Survey Series (ROBES III) Completed
    Deep-Sea Life Issue 16, January 2021 Despite the calamity caused by the global pandemic, we are pleased to report that our deep ocean continues to be investigated at an impressive rate. Deep-Sea Life 16 is another bumper issue, brimming with newly published research, project news, cruise news, scientist profiles and so on. Even though DOSI produce a weekly Deep-Sea Round Up newsletter and DOSI and DSBS are active on social media, there’s still plenty of breaking news for Deep- Sea Life! Firstly a quick update on the status of INDEEP. As most of you are aware, INDEEP was a legacy programme of the Census of Marine Life (2000-2010) and was established to address knowledge gaps in deep-sea ecology. Among other things, the INDEEP project played central role in the creation of the Deep-Ocean Stewardship Initiative and funded initial DOSI activities. In 2018, the DOSI Decade of Ocean Science working group was established with a view to identifying key priorities for deep-ocean science to support sustainable development and to ensure deep- ocean ecological studies were included in the UN Decade plans via truly global collaborative science. This has resulted in an exciting new initiative called “Challenger 150”. You are all invited to learn more about this during a webinar on 9th Feb (see p. 22 ). INDEEP has passed on the baton and has now officially closed its doors.Eva and I want to sincerely thank all those that led INDEEP with us and engaged in any of the many INDEEP actions. It was a productive programme that has left a strong legacy.
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of the Hexactinellida (Porifera) of Chile, with the First Record of Caulophacus Schulze, 1885 (Lyssacinosida: Rosselli
    Zootaxa 3889 (3): 414–428 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3889.3.4 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EB84D779-C330-4B93-BE69-47D8CEBE312F A review of the Hexactinellida (Porifera) of Chile, with the first record of Caulophacus Schulze, 1885 (Lyssacinosida: Rossellidae) from the Southeastern Pacific Ocean HENRY M. REISWIG1 & JUAN FRANCISCO ARAYA2, 3* 1Department of Biology, University of Victoria and Natural History Section, Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, British Colum- bia, V8W 3N5, Canada. E-mail: [email protected] 2Laboratorio de Invertebrados Acuáticos, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa CP 780-0024, Santiago, Chile. E-mail: [email protected] 3Laboratorio de Química Inorgánica y Electroquímica, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa CP 780-0024, Santiago, Chile *Corresponding author. Tel: +056-9-86460401; E-mail address: [email protected] Abstract All records of the 15 hexactinellid sponge species known to occur off Chile are reviewed, including the first record in the Southeastern Pacific of the genus Caulophacus Schulze, 1885, with the new species Caulophacus chilense sp. n. collected as bycatch in the deep water fisheries of the Patagonian toothfish Dissostichus eleginoides Smitt, 1898 off Caldera (27ºS), Region of Atacama, northern Chile. All Chilean hexactinellid species occur in bathyal to abyssal depths (from 256 up to 4142 m); nine of them are reported for the Sala y Gomez and Nazca Ridges, with one species each in the Juan Fernandez Archipelago and Easter Island.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Biology Research
    This article was downloaded by:[Smithsonian Institution Libraries] On: 28 February 2008 Access Details: [subscription number 788752552] Publisher: Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office: Mortimer House, 37-41 Mortimer Street, London WIT 3JH, UK Marine Biology Research Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information: % Marine Bialagy http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/title~content=t713735885 Research Glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) of the northern mrmp-iji ïjrsK ^tíjIpíelB Mid-Atlantic Ridge Konstantin R. Tabachnick ^; Allen G. Collins ^ ^ P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia '^ National Systematics Laboratory of NOAA's Fisheries Service, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA Online Publication Date: 01 March 2008 To cite this Article: Tabachnick, Konstantin R. and Collins, Allen G. (2008) 'Glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge ', Marine Biology Research, 4:1, 25 - 47 To link to this article: DOI: 10.1080/17451000701847848 URL: http://dx.doi.ora/10.1080/17451000701847848 PLEASE SCROLL DOWN FOR ARTICLE Full terms and conditions of use: http://www.informaworld.com/terms-and-conditions-of-access.pdf This article maybe used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources.
    [Show full text]