12 6 2013 the journal of biodiversity data 10 December 2016 Check List Notes on Geographic Distribution Check List 12(6): 2013, 10 December 2016 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/12.6.2013 ISSN 1809-127X © 2016 Check List and Authors

Newly recorded and rare (: Conjugatophyceae) from the Middle Urals, Russia

Andrey S. Shakhmatov

Ural Federal University, Institute of Natural Sciences, Kuibysheva street, 48, Ekaterinburg, 620000, Russia E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract: New disributional data on 14 previously unre- typical flora, including Alisma plantago-aquatica L., Calla corded or rare and varieties of belonging to palustris L., Carex vesicaria L., Comarum palustre L., Cicuta , , and Peni­ virosa L., Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roem. et Schult, Equise- aceae (order Desmidiales) are presented for the Middle tum fluviatile L., Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., Urals. cornu Ehrenberg ex Ralfs, Closterium Stratiotes aloides L., Typha latifolia L., and Utricularia macilentum Brébisson, Closterium navicula (Brébisson) intermedia Hayne. Samples were taken mostly in hollows Lütkemüller, and crenulatum Nägeli are newly among the thicket of macrophytes, where the most favor- recorded to the Urals. A brief description, including mea- able conditions for development of conjugates are created surements of cells as well as regional and global distribu- (Brook 1981). Samples were collected by filtering through tion, is given for each taxon. a plankton net (Sadchikov 2003). The samples were studied under a light microscope Key words: ; new records; eutrophic swamps; (Levenhuk 320). Species were identified using keys Chelyabinsk region on Conjugatophyceae (Kossinskaya 1952, 1960; Pala- mar-Mordvintseva 1982; Coesel and Meesters 2007) and verified by Dr. A. F. Luknitskaya (V. L. Komarov Since the 1920s, research into the algal flora of the Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences). Urals has accumulated a substantial body of data on Validity of taxa and general distribution were checked in the bio­diversity of various groups of algae, including AlgaeBase (Guiry and Guiry 2016). Photographs of algae Conjugatophyceae. The most thorough studies were were taken with a Levenhuk C310 NG digital camera. carried out in the Polar, Subpolar, and the Southern The photos were deposited in the herbarium of the Ural Urals (Voronikhin 1930; Snitko and Sergeeva 2003; Federal University (UFU A 91 to 112). Yarushina et al. 2004; Patova and Demina 2008; Ster- One rare and 13 previously unrecorded species or lyagova 2008; Snitko 2009). In the present paper, varieties of Desmidiales were identified from the Middle new records of Desimidiales are presented and expand Urals in the present study. They belong to Closteriaceae sparsely available data (Yarushina et al. 2003; Butakova (4), Desmidiaceae (8), Gonatozygaceae (1), and Peniaceae and Stanislavskaya 2004; Belyaeva and Pozdeev 2005; (1) (order Desmidiales). Four species are newly recoreded Shakhmatov 2014, 2015) on distribution of conjugates to the Urals in general. A list of species with brief descrip- in the Middle Urals. tion of the taxa, as well as their distribution in the Urals Samples were collected during the spring and sum- and globally, is given below. mer of 2013 to 2015 at four lakes, Bolshoye Yamskoe (56°08ʹ33.7ʺ N, 060°53ʹ25.1ʺ E), Karaguz (56°06ʹ16.6ʺ Closterium acutum var. linea (Perty) West & N, 060°52ʹ37.1ʺ E) Travyanoye (56°06ʹ59.7ʺ N, 060°55ʹ G.S.West, 1900 28.1ʺ E) and Cherkaskul (56°10ʹ34.4ʺ N, 060°50ʹ56.8ʺ E). Figure 2 These lakes are located in the northern part of Chelya­ A single record in Travyanoye lake (UFU A 100). Cells binsk region (Russian Federation) in the pine–birch fusiform, straight, 158.4 μm long and 6.2 μm wide. Ends forest subzone of the boreal coniferous forest zone of acuminate, apical vacuoles contain few small crystals of the Middle Urals eastern macroslope (Figure 1) (Kulikov gypsum. The species has been previously known from 2005; Chibilyov and Chibilyov 2012). The sampled lakes the Southern (Snitko and Sergeeva 2003; Yarushina are transforming into eutrophic sedge–reed swamps. et al. 2004; Snitko 2009) and Polar Urals (Voronikhin Their margins are covered by vast peat deposits with 1930).

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Figure 1. Location of research area (B) in the Ural Mountains (A).

Distribution: Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, North Distribution: Europe, Asia, Greenland, Australia, America, South America. North America, South America, Caribbean Islands, Pacific Islands, Faroe Islands, Madagascar, Java. Closterium cornu Ehrenberg ex Ralfs, 1848 Figure 3 Closterium navicula (Brébisson) Lütkemüller, 1905 The species is found in small quantities in the Figure 5 Travyanoye lake (UFU A 101). Cells fusiform, almost A single record in the Cherkaskul lake (UFU A 106). straight or slightly curved, 148.3–155.4 μm long and Cells straight, fusiform, 70.3 μm long and 15.9 μm wide. 9.2–9.5 μm wide. Ends obtuse, apical vacuoles contain Ends widely rounded, apical vacuoles contain one large one large crystal of gypsum each. The species is newly crystal of gypsum. The species is newly recorded from recorded from the Urals. the Urals. Distribution: Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, North Distribution: Europe, Asia, Greenland, Faroe Islands, America, South America, New Zealand, Polynesia, Java. Africa, Australia, New Zealand, North America, South America, Java. Closterium macilentum Brébisson, 1856 Figure 4 Cosmarium crenulatum Nägeli, 1849 The species is found in a small number in the Figure 6. Travyanoye (UFU A 102) and Cherkaskul (UFU A 108) The species is found in a small number in the Bolshoye lakes. Cells fusiform, straight, slightly curved at the Yamskoye (UFU A 94) and Cherkaskul (UFU A 107) lakes. ends, 186.9–258.9 μm long and 8.7–11.7 μm wide. The Cells are oval in general outline, 24.9–32.3 μm long and species can be confused with Closterium cornu Ehrenberg 18.4–23.8 μm wide. Semicells with smooth, undulating ex Ralfs, from which it differs by a larger size, a frequent wall. Sinus narrow-linear, isthmus 6.2–6.6 μm wide. formation of girdle bands, as well as the presence of The species is new to the Urals. few small crystals of gypsum in the apical vacuoles. The Distribution: Europe, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, species is newly recorded from the Urals. South America.

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Figures 2–15. Newly recorded and rare desmids for Middle Urals. 2. Closterium acutum var. linea (UFU A 100). 3. Closterium cornu (UFU A 101). 4. Closter­ ium macilentum (UFU A 108). 5. Closterium navicula (UFU A 106). 6. Cosmarium crenulatum (UFU A 94). 7. Cosmarium granatum (UFU A 110). 8. Cosmarium humile (UFU A 104). 9. Cosmarium regnellii (UFU A 109). 10. Cosmarium striolatum (UFU A 91). 11. brebissonii (UFU A 97). 12. polymorphum (UFU A 98). 13. bicorne (UFU A 111). 14. Staurastrum lunatum (UFU A 112). 15. Staurastrum paradoxum (UFU A 99).

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Cosmarium granatum Brébisson ex Ralfs, 1848 wide. Ends truncate, capitate. Cell wall covered by small Figure 7 spines. The species was previously known from the The species is found in a large number in the the Southern Urals (Yarushina et al 2004). Bolshoye Yamskoye (UFU A 95) and Cherkaskul (UFU Distribution: Arctic, Europe, Asia, Australia, New A 96, 110) lakes. Cells rhomboid in general outline, Zealand, North America, South America. 36.8–42.5 μm long and 24.2–29.4 μm wide. Cell wall punctured. Sinus narrow-linear, isthmus 6.1–9.7 μm Penium polymorphum (Perty) Perty, 1852 wide. The species has been known from the South Figure 12 (Snitko and Sergeeva 2003; Yarushina et al 2004), A single record in the Cherkaskul lake (UFU A 98). Subpolar (Sterlyagova 2008), Polar (Patova and Demina Cells elliptical with a slight constriction, 40.5 μm long 2008) Urals and from the western foothills of the Middle and 17.5 μm wide. Cell wall covered by thin strokes. The Urals (Belyaeva 2004). species has been previously known from the Polar Urals Distribution: Europe, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, (Voronikhin 1930). North America, South America. Distribution: Europe, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, North America, South America. Cosmarium humile Nordstedt ex De Toni, 1889 Figure 8. Staurastrum bicorne Hauptfleisch, 1888 The species is found in a small number in the Karaguz Figure 13 (UFU A 103), Travyanoye (UFU A 104) and Cherkaskul A single record in the Cherkaskul lake (UFU A 111). (UFU A 92) lakes. Cells are octagonal in general outline, Cells 60.1 μm long and 47.3 μm wide without processes 18.1–22.2 μm long and 17.4–20.2 μm wide. Semicells (with processes 82.2 μm wide), isthmus 13.9 μm wide. trapezoidal with concave sides and slightly undulate flat Semicells cup-shaped, fusiform when viewed from the tops. Cell wall smooth. Sinus narrow-linear, isthmus top. The upper angles of cells extend into the hollow 4.4–6.7 μm wide. The species has been previously parallel processes with two spines at the ends. Cell wall known from the Southern Urals (Snitko and Sergeeva on the top is covered by short spines and denticles. The 2003; Yarushina et al 2004). species has been previously known from the Southern Distribution: Europe, Asia, Australia, North America, Urals (Snitko and Sergeeva 2003; Yarushina et al. 2004). South America. Distribution: Europe, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, North America. Cosmarium regnellii Wille, 1884 Figure 9 Staurastrum lunatum Ralfs, 1848 The species is found in a large number at the lakes Figure 14 Bolshoye Yamskoe (UFU A 93), Travyanoye (UFU A The species is found in a small number in the 105) and Cherkaskul (UFU A 109). Cells are octagonal Cherkaskul lake (UFU A 112). Cells 27.6–30.4 μm long in general outline, 12.6–17.2 μm long and 10.1–13.6 and 32.6–32.8 μm wide, isthmus 13.5–13.7 μm wide. μm wide. Semicells hexagonal. Sinus narrow-linear, Semicells cup-shaped, triradiate when viewed from the an isthmus 3.5–3.7 μm wide. The species has been top. The upper angles extended in diverging processes previously known from the Subpolar (Sterlyagova 2008) with one short spine on end. Cell wall is covered by small and Polar (Patova and Demina 2008) Urals. inconspicuous granules, arranged in concentric rows Distribution: Arctic, Europe, Asia, Australia, New around angles. The species has been previously known Zealand, North America, South America. from the Southern Urals (Snitko and Sergeeva 2003; Cosmarium striolatum (Nägeli) W.Archer, 1861 Yarushina et al. 2004). Figure 10. Distribution: Europe, Asia, Australia, North America, A single record in the Cherkaskul lake (UFU A 91). South America. Cells oval in general outline, 132.6 μm long and 68.5 μm wide. Sinus wide open, shallow, isthmus of 55.3 Staurastrum paradoxum Meyen ex Ralfs, 1848 μm wide. Cell wall covered by large granules, placed in Figure 15 diagonal rows. This is a very rare species, previously The species is found in a small number in the Bolshoye known in the Middle Urals only from the Boevskoye lake Yamskoe lake (UFU A 99). Cells 15.5 μm long and 11.9 μm (Shakhmatov 2015). wide without processes (with processes 82.2 μm wide), Distribution: Europe, Asia, North America. isthmus 13.45 μm wide. Semicells cup-shaped, triradiate when viewed from the top. The upper angles elongate in Gonatozygon brebissonii De Bary, 1858 diverging processes with three spines at the ends. Cell wall Figure 11 smooth. The species has been previously known from the A single record in the Cherkaskul lake (UFU A 97). Southern Urals (Snitko and Sergeeva 2003; Yarushina et Cells cylindrical, elongated, 114 μm long and 5.5 μm al. 2004) and Polar (Sterlyagova 2008) Urals.

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Distribution: Europe, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, unaffected water bodies of the Polar Urals. Inland Water Biology North America, South America. 1(1): 54–63. Sadchikov, A.P. 2003. Metody izucheniya presnovodnogo fitoplank- tona. Moscow: Universitst i schkola. 157 pp. LITERATURE CITED Shakhmatov, A.S. 2014. The first information on species composition Belyaeva, P.G. 2004. Fitoperifiton predgornoy reki Sylva (basseyn of the conjugating green algae (Conjugatophyceae) in «Chusovaya Kamy). Botanicheskiy Zhurnal 89 (3): 435–449. River» Natural Park. Voprosy sovremennoy algologii 2(6). http:// Belyaeva, P.G. and I.V. Pozdeev. 2005. Bottom communities of algology.ru/652 the river Chusovaja (Kama River Basin). Vestnik Permskogo Shakhmatov, A.S. 2015. First information on the conjugating green Universiteta 6: 103–108. algae (, Conjugatophyceae) species composition in Brook, A.J. 1981. The Biology of desmids. Berkeley: University of overgrown lakes of the southern Sverdlovsk region. Novosti California Press. 276 pp. Sistematiki Nizshikh Rastenii 49: 117–123. http://www. Butakova, E.A. and E.V. Stanislavskaya. 2004. Perifiton basseyna binran.ru/files/journals/NSNR/2015_49/NSNR_2015_49_ reki Iset’ (Sverdlovskaya oblast’). Botanicheskiy Zhurnal 89(9): Shakhmatov.pdf 1420–1436. Snitko, L.V. and R.M. Sergeeva. 2003. Vodorosli raznotipnykh Chibilyov, A.A. and A.A. Chibilyov. 2012. Natural zonation of the vodoemov vostochnoy chasti Yuzhnogo Urala. Miass: Ilmen Urals based on latitudinal belts, elevation zones and vertical State Reserve. 166 pp. differentiation of landscapes. Izvestiya Samarskogo Nauchnogo Snitko, L.V. 2009. Ekologiya I sukhcessii fitoplanktona ozer Tsentra Rossiyskoy Akademii Nauk 1(6): 1660–1665. Yuzhnogo Urala. Miass: Ilmen State Reserve. 376 pp. Coesel, P.F.M. and K.J. Meesters. 2007. Desmids of the lowlands. Sterlyagova, N.I. 2008. Desmids in mountain lakes of the subpolar Zeist: KNNW Publishing. 351 pp. Urals. Biologia 63(6): 911–916. Guiry, M.D. and G.M. Guiry 2016. AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic Voronikhin, N.N. 1930. Algae of the Polar and the Northern Urals. publication. Galway: National University of Ireland. Accessed at Trudy Leningradskogo Obshchestva Estestvoispytatelei 60(3): http://www.algaebase.org, 18 November 2016. 3–80. Kossinskaya, E.K. 1952. Flora sporovykh rasteniy SSSR. Conjugaty. Yarushina M.I., V.P. Guseva and M.Y. Chebotina. 2003. Species Mezotenievye i Gonatozigovye Vodorosli 2(1). Moscow/ composition and ecological characteristic of algae from the Leningrad: USSR Academy of Sciences Publishing House. 159 pp. cooling reservoir of the Beloyarsk Nuclear Power . Russian Kossinskaya, E.K. 1960. Flora sporovykh rastenii SSSR. Conjugaty. Journal of Ecology 34: 23–29. doi: 10.1023/A:1021858820333 Desmidievye Vodorosli 5(2). Moscow/Leningrad: USSR Academy Yarushina M.I., G.V. Tanaeva and T.V. Eremkina. 2004. Flora of Sciences Publishing House 511 pp. vodoroslei vodoemov Chelyabinskoi oblasti. Ekaterinburg: IPAE. Kulikov, P.V. 2005. Conspect of flora of Chelyabinsk region (vascular 308 pp. ). Miass: Geotur. 537 pp. Palamar-Mordvintseva, G.M. 1982. Opredelitel presnovodnykh Received: 18 March 2016 vodoroslei SSSR, 11(2). Leningrad: Nauka. 620 pp. Accepted: 13 August 2016 Patova, E.N. and I.V. Demina. 2008. Algae in anthropogenically Academic editor: Priscila Izabel Tremarin

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