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Newly Recorded and Rare Desmidiales (Charophyta: Conjugatophyceae) from the Middle Urals, Russia

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Newly Recorded and Rare Desmidiales (Charophyta: Conjugatophyceae) from the Middle Urals, Russia 12 6 2013 the journal of biodiversity data 10 December 2016 Check List NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Check List 12(6): 2013, 10 December 2016 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/12.6.2013 ISSN 1809-127X © 2016 Check List and Authors Newly recorded and rare Desmidiales (Charophyta: Conjugatophyceae) from the Middle Urals, Russia Andrey S. Shakhmatov Ural Federal University, Institute of Natural Sciences, Kuibysheva street, 48, Ekaterinburg, 620000, Russia E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: New disributional data on 14 previously unre- typical flora, including Alisma plantago-aquatica L., Calla corded or rare species and varieties of algae belonging to palustris L., Carex vesicaria L., Comarum palustre L., Cicuta Closteriaceae, Desmidiaceae, Gonatozygaceae and Peni- virosa L., Eleocharis palustris (L.) Roem. et Schult, Equise- aceae (order Desmidiales) are presented for the Middle tum fluviatile L., Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., Urals. Closterium cornu Ehrenberg ex Ralfs, Closterium Stratiotes aloides L., Typha latifolia L., and Utricularia macilentum Brébisson, Closterium navicula (Brébisson) intermedia Hayne. Samples were taken mostly in hollows Lütkemüller, and Cosmarium crenulatum Nägeli are newly among the thicket of macrophytes, where the most favor- recorded to the Urals. A brief description, including mea- able conditions for development of conjugates are created surements of cells as well as regional and global distribu- (Brook 1981). Samples were collected by filtering through tion, is given for each taxon. a plankton net (Sadchikov 2003). The samples were studied under a light microscope Key words: green algae; new records; eutrophic swamps; (Levenhuk 320). Species were identified using keys Chelyabinsk region on Conjugatophyceae (Kossinskaya 1952, 1960; Pala- mar-Mordvintseva 1982; Coesel and Meesters 2007) and verified by Dr. A. F. Luknitskaya (V. L. Komarov Since the 1920s, research into the algal flora of the Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences). Urals has accumulated a substantial body of data on Validity of taxa and general distribution were checked in the bio diversity of various groups of algae, including AlgaeBase (Guiry and Guiry 2016). Photographs of algae Conjugatophyceae. The most thorough studies were were taken with a Levenhuk C310 NG digital camera. carried out in the Polar, Subpolar, and the Southern The photos were deposited in the herbarium of the Ural Urals (Voronikhin 1930; Snitko and Sergeeva 2003; Federal University (UFU A 91 to 112). Yarushina et al. 2004; Patova and Demina 2008; Ster- One rare and 13 previously unrecorded species or lyagova 2008; Snitko 2009). In the present paper, varieties of Desmidiales were identified from the Middle new records of Desimidiales are presented and expand Urals in the present study. They belong to Closteriaceae sparsely available data (Yarushina et al. 2003; Butakova (4), Desmidiaceae (8), Gonatozygaceae (1), and Peniaceae and Stanislavskaya 2004; Belyaeva and Pozdeev 2005; (1) (order Desmidiales). Four species are newly recoreded Shakhmatov 2014, 2015) on distribution of conjugates to the Urals in general. A list of species with brief descrip- in the Middle Urals. tion of the taxa, as well as their distribution in the Urals Samples were collected during the spring and sum- and globally, is given below. mer of 2013 to 2015 at four lakes, Bolshoye Yamskoe (56°08ʹ33.7ʺ N, 060°53ʹ25.1ʺ E), Karaguz (56°06ʹ16.6ʺ Closterium acutum var. linea (Perty) West & N, 060°52ʹ37.1ʺ E) Travyanoye (56°06ʹ59.7ʺ N, 060°55ʹ G.S.West, 1900 28.1ʺ E) and Cherkaskul (56°10ʹ34.4ʺ N, 060°50ʹ56.8ʺ E). Figure 2 These lakes are located in the northern part of Chelya- A single record in Travyanoye lake (UFU A 100). Cells binsk region (Russian Federation) in the pine–birch fusiform, straight, 158.4 μm long and 6.2 μm wide. Ends forest subzone of the boreal coniferous forest zone of acuminate, apical vacuoles contain few small crystals of the Middle Urals eastern macroslope (Figure 1) (Kulikov gypsum. The species has been previously known from 2005; Chibilyov and Chibilyov 2012). The sampled lakes the Southern (Snitko and Sergeeva 2003; Yarushina are transforming into eutrophic sedge–reed swamps. et al. 2004; Snitko 2009) and Polar Urals (Voronikhin Their margins are covered by vast peat deposits with 1930). Check List | www.biotaxa.org/cl 1 Volume 12 | Number 6 | Article 2013 Shakhmatov | Newly recorded and rare Desmidiales from the Middle Urals, Russia Figure 1. Location of research area (B) in the Ural Mountains (A). Distribution: Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, North Distribution: Europe, Asia, Greenland, Australia, America, South America. North America, South America, Caribbean Islands, Pacific Islands, Faroe Islands, Madagascar, Java. Closterium cornu Ehrenberg ex Ralfs, 1848 Figure 3 Closterium navicula (Brébisson) Lütkemüller, 1905 The species is found in small quantities in the Figure 5 Travyanoye lake (UFU A 101). Cells fusiform, almost A single record in the Cherkaskul lake (UFU A 106). straight or slightly curved, 148.3–155.4 μm long and Cells straight, fusiform, 70.3 μm long and 15.9 μm wide. 9.2–9.5 μm wide. Ends obtuse, apical vacuoles contain Ends widely rounded, apical vacuoles contain one large one large crystal of gypsum each. The species is newly crystal of gypsum. The species is newly recorded from recorded from the Urals. the Urals. Distribution: Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, North Distribution: Europe, Asia, Greenland, Faroe Islands, America, South America, New Zealand, Polynesia, Java. Africa, Australia, New Zealand, North America, South America, Java. Closterium macilentum Brébisson, 1856 Figure 4 Cosmarium crenulatum Nägeli, 1849 The species is found in a small number in the Figure 6. Travyanoye (UFU A 102) and Cherkaskul (UFU A 108) The species is found in a small number in the Bolshoye lakes. Cells fusiform, straight, slightly curved at the Yamskoye (UFU A 94) and Cherkaskul (UFU A 107) lakes. ends, 186.9–258.9 μm long and 8.7–11.7 μm wide. The Cells are oval in general outline, 24.9–32.3 μm long and species can be confused with Closterium cornu Ehrenberg 18.4–23.8 μm wide. Semicells with smooth, undulating ex Ralfs, from which it differs by a larger size, a frequent cell wall. Sinus narrow-linear, isthmus 6.2–6.6 μm wide. formation of girdle bands, as well as the presence of The species is new to the Urals. few small crystals of gypsum in the apical vacuoles. The Distribution: Europe, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, species is newly recorded from the Urals. South America. Check List | www.biotaxa.org/cl 2 Volume 12 | Number 6 | Article 2013 Shakhmatov | Newly recorded and rare Desmidiales from the Middle Urals, Russia Figures 2–15. Newly recorded and rare desmids for Middle Urals. 2. Closterium acutum var. linea (UFU A 100). 3. Closterium cornu (UFU A 101). 4. Closter- ium macilentum (UFU A 108). 5. Closterium navicula (UFU A 106). 6. Cosmarium crenulatum (UFU A 94). 7. Cosmarium granatum (UFU A 110). 8. Cosmarium humile (UFU A 104). 9. Cosmarium regnellii (UFU A 109). 10. Cosmarium striolatum (UFU A 91). 11. Gonatozygon brebissonii (UFU A 97). 12. Penium polymorphum (UFU A 98). 13. Staurastrum bicorne (UFU A 111). 14. Staurastrum lunatum (UFU A 112). 15. Staurastrum paradoxum (UFU A 99). Check List | www.biotaxa.org/cl 3 Volume 12 | Number 6 | Article 2013 Shakhmatov | Newly recorded and rare Desmidiales from the Middle Urals, Russia Cosmarium granatum Brébisson ex Ralfs, 1848 wide. Ends truncate, capitate. Cell wall covered by small Figure 7 spines. The species was previously known from the The species is found in a large number in the the Southern Urals (Yarushina et al 2004). Bolshoye Yamskoye (UFU A 95) and Cherkaskul (UFU Distribution: Arctic, Europe, Asia, Australia, New A 96, 110) lakes. Cells rhomboid in general outline, Zealand, North America, South America. 36.8–42.5 μm long and 24.2–29.4 μm wide. Cell wall punctured. Sinus narrow-linear, isthmus 6.1–9.7 μm Penium polymorphum (Perty) Perty, 1852 wide. The species has been known from the South Figure 12 (Snitko and Sergeeva 2003; Yarushina et al 2004), A single record in the Cherkaskul lake (UFU A 98). Subpolar (Sterlyagova 2008), Polar (Patova and Demina Cells elliptical with a slight constriction, 40.5 μm long 2008) Urals and from the western foothills of the Middle and 17.5 μm wide. Cell wall covered by thin strokes. The Urals (Belyaeva 2004). species has been previously known from the Polar Urals Distribution: Europe, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, (Voronikhin 1930). North America, South America. Distribution: Europe, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, North America, South America. Cosmarium humile Nordstedt ex De Toni, 1889 Figure 8. Staurastrum bicorne Hauptfleisch, 1888 The species is found in a small number in the Karaguz Figure 13 (UFU A 103), Travyanoye (UFU A 104) and Cherkaskul A single record in the Cherkaskul lake (UFU A 111). (UFU A 92) lakes. Cells are octagonal in general outline, Cells 60.1 μm long and 47.3 μm wide without processes 18.1–22.2 μm long and 17.4–20.2 μm wide. Semicells (with processes 82.2 μm wide), isthmus 13.9 μm wide. trapezoidal with concave sides and slightly undulate flat Semicells cup-shaped, fusiform when viewed from the tops. Cell wall smooth. Sinus narrow-linear, isthmus top. The upper angles of cells extend into the hollow 4.4–6.7 μm wide. The species has been previously parallel processes with two spines at the ends. Cell wall known from the Southern Urals (Snitko and Sergeeva on the top is covered by short spines and denticles. The 2003; Yarushina et al 2004). species has been previously known from the Southern Distribution: Europe, Asia, Australia, North America, Urals (Snitko and Sergeeva 2003; Yarushina et al. 2004). South America. Distribution: Europe, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, North America.
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