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Home , California Nebula, Centaurus A, Eskimo Nebula, NGC 2261, NGC 6520, NGC 7006

Index

A B86, the ‘Ink Blot’, 195 AAVSO, 203 Balance, 29 Adirondack Video Astronomy, 41 Barlow lens, 20, 21, 36, 39, 42 Albategnius, 94 Barnard, E. E, 148 Albedo features, 131, 139 Beehive, 188 , 191 Betelguese, 181 Alphonsus, 94 Binocular viewers, 35 ALPO, 118, 140 Binoculars, 10, 164 Altazimuth mounting, 14–15, 27 Binomite solar binoculars, 173 Amateur Makers of Springfield, 15 Boyer, Charles, 154 Amateur Telescope Making, 5, 19, 27, 179 Broadband filters, 31 Aperture, 11, 16, 22, 25, 68, 84, 85, 91, 106, 109, Byrgius, 97 133, 170, 179, 228 Apochromatic refractor, 14, 53 C Apollo landing sites, 72 California NGC 1499, 195 Apollo missions, 63, 65, 67, 71, 73 Canals, Martian, 130 Apollo XI, 72 Cassini’s Division, 125, 147, 149 Apollo XV, 74 Catadioptrics, 13, 30, 48, 53 Aristarchus, 66, 97 Catalog, 229 Ashen Light, 155 Cat’s Eye Nebula NGC 6543, 198 Asteroids, 107, 161, 166 CCD cameras, 24 Astrophysics, 210 CCD chip, 41, 88 Astrovid 2000, 41, 65, 84, 172 CCD chip saturation, 88 Atlas of the Moon, Antonin Rukl, 67 CCD images, 117 A Traveler’s Guide to Mars, by William K CCD imaging, 12, 24, 31, 84, 101, 186, Hartmann, 130 188, 205 AutoStar, by Meade, 174 CCD planetary images, 118 CCD video, 6, 198, 205 B CCD video cameras, 6, 24, 40, 43, 121, 193, 199 B143 in Aquila, 195 CCD video imaging, 209 B72 in Ophiuchus, 195 Celestial Handbook, by Robert Burnham, 187

255 256 Index

Celestron, 40, 212 Equatorial tracking, 26 Ceres, 162 Equatorial zone, Jupiter, 143 Cheshire Eyepiece, 48, 50 Erfle eyepiece, 20, 29 Clavius, 69, 93 Eris, 162 Cleaning optics, 52 Eros, 167 Cloud cover, on Venus, 153–155 NGC 2392, 198 Cold, 56, 187 Eye Nebula NGC 3242, 198 Collimation, 48, 49 Eyepiece projection, 170 Collins Electro Optics, 32, 37, 210 Eyepieces, 28 Color, 105, 110, 115, 128, 141, 149, 157, 167, 186, 187, 196 F Color filters, 24, 32, 69, 105, 128 Faculae, 171 Color video images, 118 Festoons, 141 Coma, 28, 54 Field rotation, 27 Combining video frames and drawing, 120 Filters, 128, 224 Comet Halley, 163 Finder scope, 23, 179 Comet Holmes, 164 Focal ratio, 19, 42, 50, 53, 85 Comet McNaught, 181 Focusers, 30 Comets, 107, 163, 221 Fork type Equatorial, 27 Contrast, 51, 110, 180 Frame integrated CCD video, 192 Cooling, 54 Frame integrating CCD video cameras, 42, 43, 84, Copernicus, 97 202, 211 Coronado Instruments, 104, 172, 174, 175 Frame stacking, 87 M1, 196, 202 Full Moon, Michael Light, 67 Craterlets, 66, 96 Crayford focuser, 30 G Crepe ring, 114, 125, 148 , 199 Cygnus, 189, 192 Galaxies, edge-on, 200 Cylindrical projections, 141 Galaxies, elliptical, 200, 201 Galaxies, face-on, 200 D Galaxies, irregular, 200 Dark adaptation, 56 Galilean satellites, 146 Dark nebulae, 194 Ganymede, 146 Dawes limit, 146, 148 German equatorial, 27 Daytime viewing, of the planets, 178 Ghost of Jupiter NGC 3242, 198 Deep space, 127, 185, 221 Ghosting, 106 Deep space imaging, 205 Global climate change, 104 Deimos, 140 Globular clusters, 189 Delphinius, 190 Go-to telescope, 11 Diffuse nebulae, 192 Great Nebula in Orion M42, 194, 196 Digital cameras, 24, 84, 210 Great Red Spot, 141, 144, 145 Digital circles, 15, 23, 25 Grinding and polishing machines, 19 Dobson, John, 5, 15 Dobsonians, 13, 15, 16, 21, 28 H Drawing, 84, 110, 115, 206 Hadley Rille, 73, 76, 79, 80 M27, 198 H-alpha filter, 172, 175 Dust storms, Martian, 133 Hatfield, Henry, 174 Dwarf planet, 132, 161 Hatfield’s Lunar Atlas, 67 Helical focuser, 30 E Hellas, 130, 136 M16, 193, 195 Hercules Cluster M13, 188 Electric focuser, 17, 30 Herschel, 197, 228 Emission nebulae, 192 Homebuilt , 16, 22 Enke Division, 148 Horsehead Nebula, 31 Equatorial Mounting, 18, 27 , 133, 147, 149, 163 Index 257

Huygenian eyepiece, 20, 171 M22, 191, 249 Hyginus Rille, 96 M27, 252 M3, 192 I M31 in Andromeda, 190 Ida, 167 M33, 190, 201, 230 Image intensifiers, 7, 32, 37, 39, 41, 43, 107, 163, M4, 192 172, 187, 189, 199, 200, 206, 208, 209, 212, M42, 236 228 M5, 191 Imaging, 24, 109, 209 M51, 242 Insulation, 54 M54, 33, 190 Intergalactic Wanderer NGC 2419, 190 M57, 250 Internet, 215 M8, 247 IR filter, 172 M82, 201, 208, 238 ITT, 32 Magellanic Clouds, 191 Maginus, 92 J Magnification, 11, 29, 42, 88, 133, 147 JMI, 20, 22, 30, 35 Mare Acidalium, 114 Juno, 162 Mare Crisium, 96 Jupiter, 105, 111, 116, 120, 128, 140, 179 Maria, 96 Mariner 10, 153 K Marius Rille, 96 Keck Telescope, 158 Mars, 105, 113, 120, 123, 128, 129, 179 Kellner eyepiece, 20, 29 Mars, map, 138 Kuiper Belt, 107, 161–162 Martian polar caps, 114, 134, 142 Martian winds, 131 L Meade, 21, 172 La Perouse, 65 Meade ETX-90, 174 M8, 195 Mercury, 106, 152, 179 Large diffuse nebulae, 195 Messenger spacecraft, 153 Laser collimators, 48 Messier, 97 Lick 36-inch refractor, 148 Meteors, 107 Light baffling, 53 , 185, 186, 189, 190, 195, Light pollution, 25 198, 221 Light pollution filters, 31, 42, 178 Minor planets, 107, 166 Limb hazes, 122 Moon, 62, 216 Lines of resolution, 41 Moretus, 86, 92 Location, 45 Motor drive, 17 Lowell, Percival, 132 Mount Hadley, 73, 77 Lumicon, 31 Mount Hadley Delta, 73, 76, 78 Lunar cartography, 84 Mount Palomar 200-inch, 17, 20, 33, 109 Lunar filter, 37, 68 Mountings and bases, 55 Lunar fly-by, 65 Mylar film, 172 Lunar imaging, 84 Lunar jaggedness, 70, 83, 91 N Lunar limb, 64, 71 Nagler eyepiece, 29, 171 Lunar maria, 96 Nagler, Al, 28 Lunar terminator, 91 Narrowband filters, 31, 192 NASA images, 72 M NASA website, 72, 102 M1, 234 Nebulae, 186, 192 M104, 243 Neptune, 107, 157, 160 M13, 34, 190, 192 Newtonian reflector, 13, 16, 48, 52, 54 M17, 247 NGC 2261, 238 M2, 34, 191 NGC 2440, 195 M20, 207, 246 NGC 253, 201, 212, 213 258 Index

NGC 2903, 201 Polar caps on Mars, 114, 135, 139 NGC 40, 198 Polar caps on Venus, 155 NGC 4565, 201 Polarizing filters, 153, 178 NGC 5128/ A, 201 Poncet Platform, 26 NGC 5195, 200 Portability, 17, 20, 59 NGC 5866, 33 Porter, Russell, 15, 17, 19, 20 NGC 6520, 195 Primary mirror support, 54 NGC 7006, 190 Prinz, 65 NGC 7479, 254 Proclus, 97 NGC 891, 201, 232 Propeller Lanes, 34, 192 Night Observer’s Guide, by Kepple Ptolemaeus, 94 and Sanner, 187 North American Nebula NGC 7000, 195 R North equatorial belt, 143, 149 Radian eyepiece, 29 Northern polar cap, 139 Ramsden eyepiece, 20, 171 Novae, 202 Ray craters, 97 Recursive frame averager, 210, 211 O Red shift, 132 Observatories, 44 Reflection nebulae, 193 Observing the Moon, Gerald North, 67 Reflector, 12, 31 Occultations, 107 Refractor, 12, 30 Olympus Mons, 137 Regulus, 181 NGC 5139, 190, 191, 242 Resolution, 85, 86 M17, 195, 196 Rilles, 66, 96 Open clusters, 191 M57, 34, 198 Optical alignment, 47 Ritchey-Chrétien telescope, 54 Orion, 21, 28, 29, 174 NGC 2237, 195 Orthoscopic eyepiece, 20, 29 Rosse, Lord, 34, 190

P S Paint Shop Pro 8, 177 Sagittarius Cloud M24, 189 Pallas, 162 Saturn, 105, 114, 125, 128, 146 Panoptic eyepiece, 29 NGC 7009, 35 Parker, Donald, 118 Saturn’s rings, 114 , 189 Schröter Rille, 96 Petavius, 88 Secondary mirror, 22, 28, 48, 53 Phobos, 140 Sedna, 162 Photography, 85 Setting circles, 17, 24 Pickering, William and Edward, 146 Simultaneous contrast, 134 Pinwheel M33, 201 Sky & Telescope magazine, 155 Pipe Nebula B78, 196 SOHO, 174 Pixels, 41, 85, 88 Solar limb, 178 Planet X, 132 Solar observing, 174 Planetary Imaging, 109, 118 Solar system, 101 Planetary nebulae, 188, 197 Solis Lacus, 130 Planetoid, 132 M104, 200 Planets, 101, 105, 218 Southern equatorial belt, 144 Plato, 69, 96 Southern polar cap, 139 Cluster, 193 Space sciences, 226 Pleiades Cluster M45, 189 Spectrohelioscope, 175 Pleiades M45, 189 Spiral formations, in galaxies, 199 Plössl eyepiece, 29, 32 Split Ring Equatorial, 13, 20 Plutino, 161 Spokes, on Saturn’s rings, 117, 148, 150 Pluto, 132, 166 St. George Crater, 76 Pluton, 80 Stability, 19 Polar alignment, 174 Star clusters, 189, 191 Index 259

StellaCam, 172 Universal Digital Camera Adapter, 212 StellaCam EX, 41 Uranus, 107, 160 StellaCam II, 210 Stereo viewers, 25 V Straight Wall, 69 Vales Alpes, 96 , 102–104, 169, 173–178, 219 Valles Marineris, 130 Sunspots, 171, 173 Van Slyke Engineering, 30 Supernovae, 202, 223 Variable , 203, 221 Swann Hills, 76 NGC 6960/6992, 192 Sword Handle NGC869/884, 189, 191 Venera 7, 156 Syrtis ‘blue cloud’ effect, 137 Venus, 106, 152, 157, 179 Syrtis Major, 114, 130, 179 Vesta, 162 Video imaging, 86 T Vignetting, 21, 28, 38, 211 , 191 Violet filter, 155, 156 TeleVue, 21, 29, 30 Visual astronomer, 101 The Planet Jupiter, B.M. Peek, 140 Visual Astronomy in the Suburbs, 42, 137 Thermal equilibrium, 152, 187 Visual Astronomy Under Dark Skies, 35, 44 Tombaugh, Clyde, 132 Voyager 2, 160 Tracking platform, 15 Treisnecker Rilles, 96 W M20, 195, 196 Watson, John, 104, 170, 173 Tube currents, 53 Weather, 57, 223 47 Tucannae, 191 Web cam, 24, 84 Tycho, 97 M51, 199, 200 White spots, on Saturn, 147 U M11, 189, 191 Ultrablock filter, 31, 208 William Optics, 40 Universal digiscoping adapter, 176 Wind, 56