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♦ case♦ study•case study•case study•case study•case REFERENCEstu T d h l 26 e r H o u m a n W CHINA’S GROWING POPULATION AB70˚E 80˚E C 90˚E DEF 100˚E 110˚E 120˚E G 130˚E H 140˚E 1.2 Pavlodar Never 1994 birth rate per 1000 people Barnaul Novokuznetsk Lena Tselinograd Tulun Magdagachi 5 1.0 Irtysh VITIM Amur National average 18.09 Aleysk River Mogocha BUREISKIY RANGE 1979 One child policy begins Ob Abakan Grandioznyy River Bisk 2922 m PLATEAU 0.8 1972 National family planning program begins River RUSSIA Vitim Billion Temirtau Rubtsovsk River Komsomolsk-na-Amure 50˚N Provinces with highest birth rates Karaganda Lake River 0.6 1964 Urban family planning program begins River Angarsk Baykal Svobodny Semipalatinsk River Yenisey Shilka Belogorsk 0.4 Kyzyl Irkutsk Chita KAZAKH UPLANDS WESTERN SAYAN Munku Sardyk 3491 m Ulan-Ude Blagoveshchensk 1964 1994 Ust-Kamenogorsk River China’s population 1964–1994 YABLONOVYAginskoye RANGE Heihe Bureya Syr Mt Belukha MOUNTAINS Birobidzhan KAZAKHSTAN 4503 m Ubsu Lake Borzya Khabarovsk 4 GREATER HINGGAN Aksha River Ulangom Lake Hovsgol Nenjiang Kzyl-Orda Balkhash Kounradski Ayaguz Lake Sukhebator Manzhouli Yakeshi Bei’an Amur Xinjiang Uygur Tianjin 10.71 Zaisan Ulegei Muren YICHUN Darhan Hulun Hailar MANCHURIA Hegang River Lake Selenga River Uuldza 21.53 Beijing 9.05 River Lake Altay Lake Heilongjiang Balkhash Alakol Bulagan Zalantun Jiamusi Shuangyashan Hovd Dorgon Asaralta 2776 m River QIQIHAR 4 Lake R Turkestan Choybalsan Nen Qitaihe Ili Andreyevka Tacheng KHANGAIUliastay MOUNTAINS Ulan Bator Kerulen Suihua Xizang Shanghai 6.50 Daqing Anda Ussuri Yunnan Tsetserlig Undurkhan Jixi Guizhou Karamay Zhaodong HARBIN SIKHOTE MOUNTAINS 26.68 22.00 Chimkent Dzhambul Baruun-Urt Ulanhot Spassk-Dalniy 22.60 River Bole Altay Mudanjiang Lake Olga Baicheng Songhua Chirchik ALMA-ATA Bayankhongor Arbaikhere Xianyang Khanka Bishkek Yining Kuytun Ussurisk Mt Oblachnaya TASHKENT Mandalgobi JILIN 1855 m Provincial birth rates, 1994 40˚N Lake Shihezi DzhizakAngren Issyk CHANGCHUN Vladivostok Nakhodka Namangan Changji Sainshanda Peter the Gongzhuling Yanji Khujand Andizhan Pobeda Peak 7439 m URUMQI MONGOLIA Jilin Great Bay KIRGIZIA Xilin Hot Tongliao Hoeryong

SIPINGR Liaoyuan Najin T I E N M O U N T A I N S Turfan Erenhot Liao Dushanbe TURFAN DEPRESSION Dalandzadagad Hyesan Chongjin Aksu Kuqa Chifeng TIELING SEA Communism Peak 7495 m Korla Bosten Hami SHENYANG 40˚N Kurgan Tyube Tarim Lake Gobi FUSHUN Kilchu Kashi River FUXIN NORTH Kulyab TADZHIKISTAN River Desert LIAOYANG BENXI Songjin OF Nei Mongol ANSHAN Kanggye KOREA Khorog Muztagh Ata 7546 m Xinjiang Uygur JINZHOU Hebei FENGCHENG Hungnam JAPAN AFGHANISTAN PAMIRS Shache Zhangjiakou JINXI Lop Nor Wuyuan HOHHOT East Korea Bay Baghlan Beijing YINGKOU DANDONG HEILONGJIANG HINDU KUSH Tamsag Bulag LANG MOUNTAINSLinhe Xuanhua Liaoning Wonsan Tirich Mir TARIM BASIN BEIJING Qinhuangdao KARAKORAMYarkant RANGE Yumen DATONG PYONGYANG 7699 m BAOTOU West Korea Bay 3 Jiayuguan Jiuquan Dongsheng TANGSHAN Nampo Indus Kaesong Chunchon Hotan Wuhai Ordos Baoding TIANJIN LUDA JILIN Shizuishan Shanxi Tianjin Haeju Samchok NEI Godwin Austen (K2) 8611 m Zhangye Desert Gulf of Chihli INCHON SEOUL Peshawar PAKISTANRiver SHIJIAZHUANG Cangzhou SOUTH MONGOL* Gansu Yinchuan Chonan Chongju 3 Mardan K U N L U N M O U N T A I N S Qingtongxia Yangquan R WEIHAI KOREA Islamabad Wuwei YANTAI Taejon Kyongju XINJIANG UYGUR* LIAONING Ulugh Muztagh 7726 m Wuzhong TAIYUAN Yuci ang Srinagar w ZIBO Kunsan Ulsan BEIJING Qinghai R Ningxia Xingtai H Chongup TAEGU NINGXIA Rawalpindi Leh R WEIFANG PUSAN GANSU River Lake Huizu HANDAN Boshan Sunchon HUIZU* Golmud Xining Yanan Anyang JINAN QINGDAO Kwangju Chinju HIROSHIMA TIANJIN Gujrat Hwang Shandong Sialkot Jammu Linfen JINING Mokpo KITAKYUSHU HEBEI Qinghai LANZHOU Fen SHANXI FAISALABAD Houma XINXIANG YELLOW FUKUOKA Linxia ZAOZHUANG Cheju Strait Kyushu Jhelum Wei Sasebo QINGHAI Amritsar Tongchuan ZHENGZHOU Lianyungang SEA SHANDONG LAHORE Cheju Island Nagasaki HENAN 30˚N Sutlej Jalandhar PLATEAU OF TIBET River LUOYANG XUZHOU Sahiwal LUDHIANA TIANSHUI XUCHANG HUAIBEI Jiangsu Yatsushiro JIANGSU XI’AN ChandigarhRiver (XIZANG PLATEAU) BAOJI Hongze Lake Kagoshima Ganganagar H I M A L A Y A S PINGDINGSHAN XIZANG* Bengbu Gaoyou Lake Dehra Dun NINGJING MOUNTAINS Yushu Luohe SHANGHAI Ambala Xizang Shaanxi Nanyang Korea Strait Saharanpur Han Henan HUAINAN Tanega Island ANHUI Hissar River Changzhou Yaku Island Muzaffarnagar CHINA DABA MOUNTAINSShiyan Guanghua NANJING 30˚N Meerut Nam Salween River SUZHOU Shanghai Bikaner Amroha XIANGFAN Xinyang Tokara Group ZHEJIANG NEW DELHI Lake HEFEI WUXI SHANGHAI JIANGXI Rampur Sichuan Wuhu Mekong Anqing HUNAN Sikar Aligarh NYAINQENTANGLHA Wanxian Hubei HANGZHOU JAPAN People per square kilometre Bareilly NEPAL RANGE DAXUE MTS MathuraYamuna Brahmaputra NINGBO GUIZHOU JAIPUR Shahjahanpur Anhui EAST Amami Island Over 500 FUJIAN Annapurna 8078 m HENGDUAN CHENGDU RED BASIN Ajmer Ganges Xigaze Lhasa SHAOXING Agra Sitapur River Shashi Hlako Kangri Ya’an River 400 to 500 Farrukhabad Bahraich Mt Everest Jingdezhen CHINA Tokuno Island YUNNAN 8848 m 6482 m River Dongting 2 Kannauj Gongga Mtn Zhejiang Okinoerabu Island GUANXI Bhilwara Gwalior LUCKNOW Mt Makalu 8476 m Kula Kangri Lake River Poyang 300 to 400 GUANGDONG R 7554 m 7590 m SEA ZHUANGZU* Katmandu CHANGDE Lake Shangrao Trench KANPUR R Gangtok WENZHOU Udaipur Kotah Faizabad Gorakhpur Yibin CHANGSHA NANCHANG 200 to 300 Jhansi Darjeeling Thimphu Hkakabo Razi Gan Okinawa Banda Fatehpur Azamgarh Sadiya 5881 m XIANGTAN Siliguri Fuzhou 100 to 200 * Autonomous region INDIA Allahabad BHUTAN Dibrugarh Xichang 2 Muzaffarpur Darbhanga Jalpaiguri Itanagar River Yangtze Zunyi ZHUZHOU Jiangxi Jianou VARANASI Brahmaputra River PINGXIANG Shoto Under 100 0 400 800 km N Ratlam Saugor Arrah PATNA Purnea Nowgong MTS Zhaotong Wu Nanping HAINAN Ujjain Satna Rewa Bihar Saidpur Guizhou Katihar Gauhati Dukou HENGYANG FUZHOU INDORE BHOPAL Murwara Gaya Rangpur River GUIYANG Sanming Balurghat ShillongNAGA HILLS Hunan Kohima River Dongchuan Anshun Duyun Shaoguan Fujian TAIPEI Chilung NanseiI Jabalpur Hazaribagh Rajshahi Mymensingh Myitkyina Dali Khandwa Dhanbad Xiaguan Qujing UYI Quanzhou MOUNTAINS Sinchu Tropic of Cancer Imphal Tengchong Baoshan Guilin W Burhanpur Ranchi Asansol BANGLADESH Kwei Zhangzhou Xiamen Key Dhulia Bilaspur Pabna Chuxiong KUNMING Changhua Taichung Burdwan DACCA Wandingzhen PACIFIC Akola Jamshedpur Nabadwip Yunnan Yuxi 20˚N Comilla WULIANG MOUNTAINSRed Liuzhou R CHAOZHOU Chiai TAIWAN Natural environment Built environment Aurangabad NAGPUR Rourkela Howrah Khulna Chindwin Bose Shantou Tainan Bhilai Raipur Black Guanxi CALCUTTA Falam MYANMAR Kaiyuan GUANGZHOU Mountain Gongga Mtn Height of Country border Jalna Sundarbans Zhuangzu R Guangdong 7590 m Sambalpur Lashio River Gejiu Xi KAOHSIUNG the land Parbhani Chandrapur CHITTAGONG DONGGUAN Shenzhen Over 4000 m ARAKAN RANGE NANNING Mouths River River ZHONGSHAN Country name Godavari DECCAN PLATEAU Mandalay Fan si pan HONG KONG 20˚N NEPAL Cuttack of the Pingxiang Macau 2000 to 4000 m Latur Nizamabad SHAN PLATEAU 3414 m Maoming Bashi Channel OCEAN River Bhubaneswar Ganges R Batan Islands Ulan Bator Country capital underlined Sholapur Irrawaddy Beihai 1 Puri Pakokku Taunggyi VIETNAM 1000 to 2000 m Gulbarga Warangal Berhampur HANOI ZHANJIANG Bay of Bengal Sittwe Yenangyaung HAIPHONG SOUTH Province border HYDERABAD Magwe Luzon Strait River 500 to 1000 m 1 : 19 000 000 Nam Dinh Babuyan Islands Krishna Loikaw Gulf of Tonkin Haikou CHINA PHILIPPINE 1 Province name Raichur Vishakhapatnam 0 200 400 600 800 km Chiang Rai Luang Prabang SEA 200 to 500 m Anhui R RANGE Cape Engano

Rajahmundry PEGU Hospet Prome THAILAND SEA Laoag Aparri Kurnool Vijayawada 1 centimetre on the map represents Salween Hainan Hainan PHILIPPINES 0 to 200 m Bellary Tenali 190 kilometres on the ground. Chiang Mai LAOS Batac Wetland Vinh N Yacheng Tuguegarao Vigan Luzon 0 to 200 m Equidistant Conic Projection Henzada Lampang Ya Xian Ilagan JILIN More than 1 000 000 people Lake Land below B 80˚E C 90˚E DE100˚E 110˚E F 120˚E G 200 to 2000 m Island sea level Dukou 500 000 to 1 000 000 people source PLATEAU OF TIBET Yangtze River — river and north bank hinterland profile 2000 to 4000 m Korla 100 000 to 500 000 people

Three Gorges Dam Yangttze River 4000 to 8000 m Jianou Less than 100 000 people RED BASIN Dukou Yibin Wanxian WUHAN Yichang SHANGHAI China (E3) Largest country by Luzhou HUANGSHI Wuhu Over 8000 m CHONGQING Shashi Anqing Depth of NANJING population: 1 166 140 000 people the sea mouth 148 149