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Bangladesh Report BENCHMARKING THE DRAFT UN PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES ON THE ELIMINATION OF (CASTE) DISCRIMINATION BASED ON WORK AND DESCENT Benchmarking the Draft UN Principles and Guidelines on the Elimination of (Caste) Discrimination based on Work and Descent BANGLADESH REPORT Mohammad Nasir Uddin Bangladesh Dalit and Excluded Rights Movement (BDERM) Nagorik Uddyog 1 BENCHMARKING THE DRAFT UN PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES ON THE ELIMINATION OF (CASTE) DISCRIMINATION BASED ON WORK AND DESCENT Benchmarking the Draft UN Principles and Guidelines on the Elimination of (Caste) Discrimination based on Work and Descent BANGLADESH REPORT © Nagorik Uddyog- Bangladesh Dalit and Excluded Rights Movement Any section of this report may be reproduced without prior permission of Nagorik Uddyog for public interest purpose with appropriate acknowledgement Study Conducted and report written by Mohammad Nasir Uddin Report Edited by Dr. Jayshree P. Mangubhai Introduction by Aloysius Irudayam SJ Study Team Zakir Hossain Afsana Binte Amin Md. Abdullah-Al Istiaque Mahmud Ishrat Shabnam Joyeeta Hossain Sheikh Md. Jamal International Study Coordinator Dr. Jayshree P. Mangubhai National Study Coordinator Afsana Binte Amin Cover Barek Hossain Mithu Published by Nagorik Uddyog, 8/14, Block-B, Lalmatia, Dhaka-1207 E-mail: [email protected], Website: nuhr.org and Bangladesh Dalit and Excluded Rights Movement (BDERM) 5/1, Block-E, lalmatia, Dhaka-1207, www.bderm.org Disclaimer: The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Nagorik Uddyog-BDERM and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of any other person or organisation. 2 BENCHMARKING THE DRAFT UN PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES ON THE ELIMINATION OF (CASTE) DISCRIMINATION BASED ON WORK AND DESCENT CONTENTS Abbreviations v Foreword vii Preface ix Acknowledgements xi Introduction 1 Methodology 3 Executive Summary 5 Combating segregation Guidelines 21 16 Guidelines 22 25 Physical security and protection against violence Guidelines 25 28 Guideline 27 36 Access to justice and equal political participation Guidelines 29 41 Guidelines 33 46 Equal employment opportunity and free choice of occupation Guidelines 34 53 Guidelines 35 63 Forced, bonded and child labour Guideline 38 69 Health Guideline 39 77 Health: Hygiene and Sanitation Guideline 41 84 Adequate food, water, and housing Guidelines 42 89 Adequate Livelihood Resources Guideline 43 96 Education Guidelines 46 101 Guidelines 47 108 Public awareness raising and elimination of discriminatory customs Guidelines 49 113 Guidelines 52 117 Multiple discrimination against women Guidelines 53 120 Guidelines 54 124 3 BENCHMARKING THE DRAFT UN PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES ON THE ELIMINATION OF (CASTE) DISCRIMINATION BASED ON WORK AND DESCENT Humanitarian and development assistance Guidelines 57 132 Guidelines 58 137 Market enterprises and financial allocations Guideline 59 140 Bibliography 146 ANNEXURES Draft United Nations Principles and Guidelines for the Effective Elimination of Discrimination Based on Work and Descent 148 †ckv I R‡b¥i wfwˇZ ˆelg¨ Kvh©Kifv‡e `~ixKi‡Yi j‡¶¨ RvwZms‡Ni bxwZgvjv I wb‡`©kbvejx (Lmov) 157 M‡elYv cÖwZ‡e`bwUi mvi-ms‡¶c 165 4 BENCHMARKING THE DRAFT UN PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES ON THE ELIMINATION OF (CASTE) DISCRIMINATION BASED ON WORK AND DESCENT ABBREVIATIONS A CWCCI CHITTAGONG WOMEN CHAMBER OF ADP ANNUAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM COMMERCE & INDUSTRY AIDS ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME D ASK AIN O SALISH KENDRA DHRD DALIT HUMAN RIGHTS DEFENDERS B DPP DEVELOPMENT PROJECT PROFORMA BARD BANGLADESH ACADEMY FOR RURAL DPHE DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT DRR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION BAIRA BANGLADESH ASSOCIATION OF INTERNATIONAL DSS DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL SERVICES RECRUITING AGENCIES DU UNIVERSITY OF DHAKA BBS BANGLADESH BUREAU OF STATISTICS DWA DEPARTMENT OF WOMEN AFFAIRS BCCSAP BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE STRATEGY AND E ACTION PLAN EPB EXPORT PROMOTION BUREAU BDERM BANGLADESH DALIT AND EXCLUDED RIGHTS MOVEMENT F BDF BANGLADESH DALIT FORUM FMRP FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT REFORM PROJECT BDHR BANGLADESH DALIT HUMAN RIGHTS FWCW FOURTH WORLD CONFERENCE ON WOMEN BDWF BANGLADESH DALIT WOMEN FORUM BINP BANGLADESH INTEGRATED NUTRITION G PROGRAMME GA UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY BLAST BANGLADESH LEGAL AID AND SERVICES TRUST GED GENERAL ECONOMICS DIVISION BMC BUDGET MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE GoB GOVERNMENT OF BANGLADESH BNHRC BANGLADESH NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS GRB GENDER RESPONSIVE BUDGETING COMMISSION H BRDB BANGLADESH RURAL DEVELOPMENT BOARD HIV HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS BRDC BEGUM ROKEYA DOCUMENTATION CENTRE HNPSP HEALTH, NUTRITION, AND POPULATION SECTOR BSCIC BANGLADESH SMALL AND COTTAGE INDUSTRIES PROGRAMME CORPORATION HRC UN HUMAN RIGHTS COUNCIL BWCCI BANGLADESH WOMEN CHAMBER OF HTDSA HUMAN TRAFFICKING DETERRENCE AND COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY SUPPRESSION ACT BWG BUDGET WORKING GROUP I C ICCPR INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND CA CHRISTIAN AID POLITICAL RIGHTS CAT CONVENTION AGAINST TORTURE AND OTHER ICERD INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON THE CRUEL, INHUMAN OR DEGRADING TREATMENT ELIMINATION OF ALL FORMS OF OR PUNISHMENT RACIAL DISCRIMINATION CBD CASTE BASED DISCRIMINATION ICESCR INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON ECONOMIC, CED CONVENTION AGAINST DISCRIMINATION IN SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS EDUCATION ICPD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON POPULATION CEDAW CONVENTION ON THE ELIMINATION OF AND DEVELOPMENT DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN IFIs INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS CERD COMMITTEE ON THE ELIMINATION OF RACIAL IDSN INTERNATIONAL DALIT SOLIDARITY NETWORK DISCRIMINATION INGO INTERNATIONAL NON-GOVERNMENT CPC CIVIL PROCEDURE CODE ORGANIZATION CPCTWCP SAARC CONVENTION ON PREVENTING AND ILO INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION COMBATING TRAFFICKING IN WOMEN AND CHILDREN FOR PROSTITUTION J CRPC CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE JMS JATIYA MOHILA SANGSTHA CRC CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD L CSO CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION LCB LAW COMMISSION BANGLADESH CSR CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY LGI LOCAL GOVERNMENT INSTITUTES 5v BENCHMARKING THE DRAFT UN PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES ON THE ELIMINATION OF (CASTE) DISCRIMINATION BASED ON WORK AND DESCENT M RMG READY MADE GARMENTS MJF MANUSHER JONNO FOUNDATION RTI RIGHT TO INFORMATION MDG MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL MMR MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE S MNCS MULTI NATIONAL COMPANIES SAARC SOUTH ASIAN ASSOCIATION FOR REGIONAL MP MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT COOPERATION MoE MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, BANGLADESH SHAREE SELF HELP ASSOCIATION FOR RURAL MoHA MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS, BANGLADESH PEOPLE THROUGH EDUCATION AND MoHFW MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE, ENTREPRENEURSHIP BANGLADESH SMIDEC SMALL AND MEDIUM INDUSTRIES MOHPW MINISTRY OF HOUSING & PUBLIC WORKS, DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION BANGLADESH SOP STANDARD OPERATIONAL PROCEDURE MoF MINISTRY OF FINANCE, BANGLADESH SSNP SOCIAL SAFETY NET PROGRAMMES MoI MINISTRY OF INFORMATION, BANGLADESH MoLGRDC MINISTRY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT, RURAL T DEVELOPMENT AND COOPERATIVES TBP NATIONAL TIME-BOUND PROGRAMME MoLJPA MINISTRY OF LAW, JUSTICE AND TIP TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS PARLIAMENTARY AFFAIRS, BANGLADESH TNCs TRANSNATIONAL COPERATIONS MoLE MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT, TPP TECHNICAL PROJECT PROPOSAL BANGLADESH U MoP MINISTRY OF PLANNING, BANGLADESH UDHR UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS MoRA MINISTRY OF RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS, BANGLADESH UIE URBAN INFORMAL ECONOMY MoSW MINISTRY OF SOCIAL WELFARE, BANGLADESH UN UNITED NATIONS MoWCA MINISTRY OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN AFFAIRS, UNDP UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME BANGLADESH UNDOC UNITED NATIONS OFFICE ON DRUGS AND MTBF MEDIUM TERM BUDGET FRAMEWORK CRIME MWC MIGRANT WORKERS CONVENTIONS UNESCO UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC N AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION NAPA NATIONAL ADAPTATION PROGRAMMES OF UNGC UNITED NATIONS GLOBAL COMPACT ACTION UNHCHR UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR NASCIB NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SMALL AND HUMAN RIGHTS COTTAGE INDUSTRIES OF BANGLADESH UNICEF UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN’S FUND NCWCD NATIONAL WOMEN AND CHILDREN UPR UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW DEVELOPMENT COUNCIL V NGO NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION VDP VILLAGE DEFENCE PARTY NHRI NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS INSTITUTION VGD VULNERABLE GROUP DEVELOPMENT NNP NATIONAL NUTRITION PROGRAMME VGDUP VULNERABLE GROUP DEVELOPMENT FOR NU NAGORIK UDDYOG ULTRA-POOR NSAPR NATIONAL STRATEGY FOR ACCELERATED POVERTY REDUCTION W WASAs WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE AUTHORITIES O WATSAN WATER AND SANITATION OCCs ONE STOP SERVICE CENTRES WEAB WOMEN ENTREPRENEUR ASSOCIATION OF OHCHR OFFICE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR BANGLADESH HUMAN RIGHTS WFP WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME OP OPTIONAL PROTOCAL WHO WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION OPCAT OPTIONAL PROTOCAL TO THE CONVENTION WSSD WORLD SUMMIT FOR SUSTAINABLE AGAISNT TORTURE DEVELOPMENT OSH CONVENTIONS ON OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH P PC PENAL CODE PIB PRESS INSTITUTE OF BANGLADESH PID PRESS INFORMATION DEPARTMENT PLAGE POLICY LEADERSHIP AND ADVOCACY FOR GENDER EQUALITY PTIs PRIMARY TRAINING INSTITUTES R RAB RAPID ACTION BATTALION RDA RURAL DEVELOPMENT ACADEMY 6vi BENCHMARKING THE DRAFT UN PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES ON THE ELIMINATION OF (CASTE) DISCRIMINATION BASED ON WORK AND DESCENT FOREWORD ‘Discrimination based on work and descent’ is yet to become a significantconstituent of dominant public discourse in Bangladesh. The issue has not received much attention even within the academic arena of the country. Here ‘caste’is seen more as an Indian phenomenon than as a characteristic of our own society. The very term ‘Dalit’ isfairly a new coinage in Bangladesh context. Members of citizenry are still not ready to accept the fact that practices of ‘untouchability’ or ‘endogamy’ are quite prevalentamongthe groups
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