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Physical Oceanography of the New Zealand Fiords
ISSN 0083-7903, 88 (Print) ISSN 2538-1016; 88 (Online) Physical Oceanography of the New Zealand Fiords by B. R. STANTON and G. L. PICKARD New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 88 1981 NEW ZEALAND DEPARTMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH Physical Oceanography of the New Zealand Fiords by B. R. STANTON and G. L. PICKARD New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir 88 1981 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ ISSN 0083-7903 Received for publication: January 1980 © Crown Copyright 1981 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ CONTENTS Page LIST OF FIGURES 4 LIST OF TABLES 4 ABSTRACT 5 11''TRODUCTION 5 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS 6 Inlet depth profiles 6 Freshwater inflow 9 Tides... 13 Internalwaves... 13 OCEANOGRAPHIC OBSERVATIONS DURING THE FIORDS 77 SURVEY 17 Salinity in the shallow zone 18 Temperature in the shallow zone . 23 Salinity in the deep zone 24 Temperature in the deep zone 25 Temperature-Salinity relationships 27 Transverse temperature and salinity variations 27 Off shore oceanographic conditions 27 Density 27 Dissolved oxygen 28 Deep-water exchange 29 COMPARISON OF FIORDS 77 DATA WITH PREVIOUS WORK 31 Milford Sound... 31 Caswell and Nancy Sounds 32 Doubtful Sound 32 Dusky Sound and Wet Jacket Arm 33 DEEP-WATER RENEWAL IN THE NEW ZEALAND FIORDS 33 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 35 LITERATURE CITED 35 APPENDIX 1: MEAN FRESHWATER INFLOW AT MILFORD SOUND 36 APPENDIX 2: FRESHWATER INFLOW TO DoUBTFUI.fI'HOMPSON SOUNDS IN 1977 37 3 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. -
Manapouri Tracks Brochure
Safety Adventure Kayak & Cruise Manapouri Tracks Plan carefully for your trip. Make sure Row boat hire for crossing the Waiau your group has a capable and experienced River to the Manapouri tracks. leader who knows bushcraft and survival Double and single sea kayaks for rental Fiordland National Park skills. on Lake Manapouri. Take adequate food and clothing on Guided kayak and cruise day and Lake Manapouri your trip and allow for weather changes overnight tours to Doubtful Sound. All and possible delays. safety and paddling equipment supplied. Adventure Kayak & Cruise, Let someone know where you are Waiau St., Manapouri. going and when you expect to return. Sign Ph (03) 249 6626, Fax (03) 249 6923 an intention form at the Fiordland National Web: www.fiordlandadventure.co.nz Park Visitor Centre and use the hut books. Take care with river crossings, espe- cially after rain. If in doubt, sit it out. Know the symptoms of exposure. React quickly by finding shelter and providing warmth. Keep to the tracks. If you become lost - stop, find shelter, stay calm and wait for searchers to find you. Don't leave the area unless you are absolutely sure where you are heading. Hut Tickets Everyone staying in Department of Conservation huts must pay hut fees. With the exception of the Moturau and Back Valley huts, all huts on these tracks are standard grade, requiring one back country hut ticket per person per night. The Moturau hut on the Kepler Track requires a For further information contact: booking during the summer season, or two Fiordland National Park Visitor Centre back country hut tickets per person per Department of Conservation night in the winter. -
FJ-Intro-Product-Boo
OUR TEAM YOUR GUIDE TO FUN Chris & Sue Co-owners Kia or a WELCOME TO FIORDLAND JET Assistant: Nala 100% Locally Owned & Operated Jerry & Kelli Co-owners At Fiordland Jet, it’s all about fun! Hop on board our unique range of experiences and journey into the heart of Fiordland National Park – a World Heritage area. Our tours operate on Lake Te Anau and the crystal-clear, trout filled waters of the Upper Waiau river, which features 3 Lord of the Rings film locations. Travel deeper into one of the world’s last untouched wildernesses to the isolated and stunning Lake Manapouri, surrounded by rugged mountains and ancient beech forest. Escape the crowds and immerse yourself into the laid-back Kiwi culture. Located on Te Anau’s lake front, Fiordland Jet is the ideal place to begin your Fiordland adventure. We have a phone charging station, WIFI, free parking and a passionate team standing by to welcome you and help plan your journey throughout Fiordland. As a local, family owned company and the only scenic jet boat operator on these waterways, we offer our customers an extremely personal and unique experience. We focus on being safe, sharing an unforgettable experience, and of course having FUN! Freephone 0800 2JETBOAT or 0800 253 826 • [email protected] • www.fjet.nz Our team (from left): Lex, Laura, Abby, Rebecca, Nathan & Sim PURE WILDERNESS Pure wilderness JOURNEY TO THE HEART OF FIORDLAND Jet boat down the Waiau River, across Lake Manapouri, to the ancient forest of the Fiordland National Park. Enjoy the thrill of jet boating down the majestic trout-filled Waiau River, to the serene Lake Manapouri. -
Southland Tourism Key Indicators
SOUTHLAND TOURISM KEY INDICATORS June 2019 SOUTHLAND TOURISM SNAPSHOT Year End June 2019 Guest nights up 1.5% to 1,201,109 Total spend up 3.3% to $673M Southland is continuing to experience stable growth phase in spend across both domestic and international markets, including good growth of the UK, German and US markets. There have also been modest gains in both international and domestic commercial accommodation figures, despite growth in Airbnb listings. SOUTHLAND REGION TE ANAU GORE TOURISM SPEND STATISTICS INVERCARGILL THE CATLINS Total Spend in NZD Figures for Year End June STEWART IS. MRTE’s (Monthly Regional Tourism Estimates) • International visitor spend up 6.1% to $264 million • Domestic visitor spend up 1.5% to $409 million • Total spend up 3.3% to $673 million ACCOMMODATION STATISTICS • Top 5 International Markets 1. Australia (up 7.9%) Guest Night Figures for Year End June 2. USA (up 10.2%) CAM (Commercial Accommodation Monitor) 3. Germany (up 11.0%) • International guest nights up 2.8% to 725,017 4. UK (up 9.0%) • Domestic guest nights up 0.8% to 476,091 5. China (down 7.8%) Markets • Total guest nights up 1.5% to 1,201,109 • Occupancy rate down from 46.3% to 45.6% • Daily capacity up 2.4% to 2,350 stay-units International 39% Domestic 61% Average Length of Stay Year End June 1.80 1.99 Days Days Southland National 2.2% 0.2% Tourism Spend Estimate Year End June $400m Guest Nights Year End June $350m Domestic 1,300,000 $300m USA 1,200,000 UK 1,100,000 $250m Rest of Oceania 1,000,000 Rest of Europe 900,000 Rest of Asia $200m -
Te Anau Area Community Response Plan 2019
Southland has NO Civil Defence sirens (fire brigade sirens are not used to warn of Civil Defence emergency) Please take note of natural warning signs as your first and best warning for any emergency. Te Anau Area Community Response Plan 2019 Find more information on how you can be prepared for an emergency www.cdsouthland.nz In the event of an emergency, communities may need to support themselves for up to 10 days before assistance arrives. Community Response Planning The more prepared a community is the more likely it is that the community will be able to look after themselves and others. This plan contains a short demographic description of information for the Te Anau area, including key hazards and risks, information about Community Emergency Hubs where the community can gather, and important contact information to help the community respond effectively. Members of the Te Anau and Manapouri Community Response Groups have developed the information contained in this plan and will be Emergency Management Southlands first points of community contact in an emergency. The Te Anau/Manapouri Response Group Procedure and Milford Sound Emergency Response Plan include details for specific response planning for the Te Anau and wider Fiordland areas. Demographic details • Te Anau and Manapouri are contained within the Southland District Council area. • Te Anau has a resident population of approx. 2,000 people. • Manapouri has a resident population of approx. 300 people • Te Anau Airport, Manapouri is located 15 km south of Te Anau and 5 km north of Manapouri, on State Highway 95 • The basin community has people from various service industries, tourism-related businesses, Department of Conservation, fishing, transport, food, catering, and farming. -
New Zealand's 3Rd-Warmest May on Record
New Zealand Climate Summary: May 2019 Issued: 5 June 2019 New New Zealand’s 3rd-warmest May on record Temperature Temperatures were above average (0.51°C to 1.2°C above average) or well above average (>1.2°C above average) across the entire country, with the most unusually warm temperatures in the South Island. Many locations observed record or near- record warm mean, mean maximum, and mean minimum May temperatures. Rainfall Rainfall was below normal (50% to 79% of normal) or well below normal (<50% of normal) for the majority of the North Island, with the exception being parts of Waikato, Taranaki, and coastal Manawatu-Whanganui where rainfall was near normal (80% to 119% of normal). Rainfall was above (120% to 149% of normal) or well above (>149% of normal) normal for much of western and lower South Island. Near or below normal rainfall occurred in parts of Marlborough, Canterbury, coastal Otago, and southern Southland. Soil Moisture As of 31 May, soils were drier than normal for much of the North Island with small areas of wetter than normal soils about western Waitomo and the Kapiti Coast. South Island soil moisture was generally near normal with pockets of below normal soil moisture about Waimate and Waitaki as well as the interior Marlborough region. Click on the link to jump to the information you require: Overview Temperature Rainfall May 2019 climate in the six main centres Highlights and extreme events Overview May 2019 was characterised by higher than normal sea level pressure over and to the east of the North Island and lower than normal pressure to the south of the South Island. -
NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE 1237 Measured South-Easterly, Generally, Along the Said State 2
30 APRIL NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE 1237 measured south-easterly, generally, along the said State 2. New Zealand Gazette, No. 35, dated 1 June 1967, page highway from Maria Street. 968. Situated within Southland District at Manapouri: 3. New Zealand Gazette, No. 26, dated 3 March 1983, page Manapouri-Hillside Road: from Waiau Street to a point 571. 500 metres measured easterly, generally, along the said road 4. New Zealand Gazette, No. 22, dated 25 February 1982, from Waiau Street. page 599. Manapouri-Te Anau Road: from Manapouri-Hillside Road to a 5. New Zealand Gazette, No. 94, dated 7 June 1984, page point 900 metres measured north-easterly, generally, along 1871. Manapouri-Te Anau Road from Manapouri-Hillside Road. 6. New Zealand Gazette, No. 20, dated 29 March 1962, page Situated within Southland District at Ohai: 519. No. 96 State Highway (Mataura-Tuatapere): from a point 7. New Zealand Gazette, No. 8, dated 19 February 1959, 250 metres measured south-westerly, generally, along the said page 174. State highway from Cottage Road to Duchess Street. 8. New Zealand Gazette, No. 40, dated 22 June 1961, page Situated within Southland District at Orawia: 887. No. 96 State Highway (Mataura-Tuatapere): from the south 9. New Zealand Gazette, No. 83, dated 23 October 1941, western end of the bridge over the Orauea River to a point 550 page 3288. metres measured south-westerly, generally, along the said 10. New Zealand Gazette, No.107, dated 21 June 1984, page State highway from the said end of the bridge over the Orauea 2277. River. -
Section 6 Schedules 27 June 2001 Page 197
SECTION 6 SCHEDULES Southland District Plan Section 6 Schedules 27 June 2001 Page 197 SECTION 6: SCHEDULES SCHEDULE SUBJECT MATTER RELEVANT SECTION PAGE 6.1 Designations and Requirements 3.13 Public Works 199 6.2 Reserves 208 6.3 Rivers and Streams requiring Esplanade Mechanisms 3.7 Financial and Reserve 215 Requirements 6.4 Roading Hierarchy 3.2 Transportation 217 6.5 Design Vehicles 3.2 Transportation 221 6.6 Parking and Access Layouts 3.2 Transportation 213 6.7 Vehicle Parking Requirements 3.2 Transportation 227 6.8 Archaeological Sites 3.4 Heritage 228 6.9 Registered Historic Buildings, Places and Sites 3.4 Heritage 251 6.10 Local Historic Significance (Unregistered) 3.4 Heritage 253 6.11 Sites of Natural or Unique Significance 3.4 Heritage 254 6.12 Significant Tree and Bush Stands 3.4 Heritage 255 6.13 Significant Geological Sites and Landforms 3.4 Heritage 258 6.14 Significant Wetland and Wildlife Habitats 3.4 Heritage 274 6.15 Amalgamated with Schedule 6.14 277 6.16 Information Requirements for Resource Consent 2.2 The Planning Process 278 Applications 6.17 Guidelines for Signs 4.5 Urban Resource Area 281 6.18 Airport Approach Vectors 3.2 Transportation 283 6.19 Waterbody Speed Limits and Reserved Areas 3.5 Water 284 6.20 Reserve Development Programme 3.7 Financial and Reserve 286 Requirements 6.21 Railway Sight Lines 3.2 Transportation 287 6.22 Edendale Dairy Plant Development Concept Plan 288 6.23 Stewart Island Industrial Area Concept Plan 293 6.24 Wilding Trees Maps 295 6.25 Te Anau Residential Zone B 298 6.26 Eweburn Resource Area 301 Southland District Plan Section 6 Schedules 27 June 2001 Page 198 6.1 DESIGNATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS This Schedule cross references with Section 3.13 at Page 124 Desig. -
Waste Options in Rural Southland
Waste Options in Rural Southland armers have always been great at giving new life to old materials, but there is plenty Fmore that can be done to improve waste management on the farm. Southland has a variety of waste facilities ranging from recycling centres where people freely drop off recyclables to waste transfer stations that accept household and commercial rubbish. Rural Refuse Collection Rural properties have several options for rubbish collection. Private contractors that offer collection services are listed in the yellow pages under ‘Waste Disposal’ and ‘Recycling’. However it could be just as easy to take your rubbish/recycling to the nearest transfer station, or recycling to your local recycling centre. Waste Transfer Stations Waste Transfers Stations are for the disposal of rubbish, greenwaste (garden waste), scrap metal recyclables, pre-loved materials and small quantities of hazardous chemicals. Some fees do apply. • Lumsden Transfer Station, 35 Oxford Street, Lumsden • Otautau Transfer Station, 5 Bridport Road, Otautau • Riverton Transfer Station, 1 Havelock Street, Riverton • Gore Transfer Station, Toronto Street, Gore • Invercargill Waste Transfer Station, 303 Bond Street, Invercargill • Bluff Transfer Station, 75 Suir Street, Bluff • Wyndale Transfer Station, 190 Edendale Wyndham Road, Edendale • Winton Transfer Station, 193 Florence Road, Winton • Te Anau Transfer Station, Te Anau Manapouri Highway, Te Anau Recycle Drop-off Centre There are recycle drop-off centres located throughout the district for household recyclables. -
Consequences to Threatened Plants and Insects of Fragmentation of Southland Floodplain Forests
Consequences to threatened plants and insects of fragmentation of Southland floodplain forests S. Walker, G.M. Rogers, W.G. Lee, B. Rance, D. Ward, C. Rufaut, A. Conn, N. Simpson, G. Hall, and M-C. Larivière SCIENCE FOR CONSERVATION 265 Published by Science & Technical Publishing Department of Conservation PO Box 10–420 Wellington, New Zealand Cover: The Dean Burn: the largest tracts of floodplain forest ecosystem remaining on private land in Southland, New Zealand. (See Appendix 1 for more details.) Photo: Geoff Rogers, RD&I, DOC. Science for Conservation is a scientific monograph series presenting research funded by New Zealand Department of Conservation (DOC). Manuscripts are internally and externally peer-reviewed; resulting publications are considered part of the formal international scientific literature. Individual copies are printed, and are also available from the departmental website in pdf form. Titles are listed in our catalogue on the website, refer www.doc.govt.nz under Publications, then Science and Research. © Copyright April 2006, New Zealand Department of Conservation ISSN 1173–2946 ISBN 0–478–14070–3 This report was prepared for publication by Science & Technical Publishing; editing by Geoff Gregory and layout by Ian Mackenzie. Publication was approved by the Chief Scientist (Research, Development & Improvement Division), Department of Conservation, Wellington, New Zealand. In the interest of forest conservation, we support paperless electronic publishing. When printing, recycled paper is used wherever possible. CONTENTS -
4 Days Queenstown Return
Doubtful Sound Cruise Package ITINERARY Day 1: Queenstown—Te Anau 3 nights/ 4 days Collect your rental car from Queenstown Airport and drive to Te Anau—Enjoy an afternoon Glow Worm Queenstown return Cave experience. Overnight Te Anau. Departures from Oct 2020—Apr 2021 Day 2: Te Anau - Manapouri - Doubtful Sound Some dates have limited availability Drive to Manapouri for your midday boat transfer across the lake to connect with a coach transfer over The Wilmot Pass to Deep Cove. Embark Fiordland From NZ$1099 per person, share twin Navigator for your overnight cruise. (B, D) Single Supplement: From NZ$549 pp Day 3: Doubtful Sound Discover the breath-taking, pristine wilderness scenery of Doubtful Morning onboard Fiordland Navigator. Return transfer to Manapouri, and drive to Queenstown. Sound deep in the heart of Fiordland National Park. Reconnect with Gondola and Skyline dinner. Overnight in Queens- nature, beautiful in any weather, and feel the silence. The fiord is long town (B,L,D) and wide and an overnight cruise is a great way to experience some of New Zealand’s most stunning scenery. Day 4: Te Anau - Queenstown Check out of the hotel drop off car at the Airport. (B) PACKAGE INCLUSIONS: • Car rental – Queenstown return, 4 days, unlimited kilometres, standard insurance • 1-nights accommodation Te Anau with cooked breakfast • Te Anau Glow Worm Caves excursion • Complimentary car parking at Manapouri. • Boat & Coach transfer—Lake Manapouri and Wilmot Pass • Doubtful Sound Overnight cruise aboard Fiordland Navigator: Private cabin with ensuite bathroom facilities Buffet Breakfast, lunch and 3 course dinner onboard cruise. -
Beneath the Reflections
Beneath the Reflections A user’s guide to the Fiordland (Te Moana o Atawhenua) Marine Area Acknowledgements This guide was prepared by the Fiordland Marine Guardians, the Ministry for the Environment, the Ministry for Primary Industries (formerly the Ministry of Fisheries and MAF Biosecurity New Zealand), the Department of Conservation, and Environment Southland. This guide would not have been possible without the assistance of a great many people who provided information, advice and photos. To each and everyone one of you we offer our sincere gratitude. We formally acknowledge Fiordland Cinema for the scenes from the film Ata Whenua and Land Information New Zealand for supplying navigational charts for generating anchorage maps. Cover photo kindly provided by Destination Fiordland. Credit: J. Vale Disclaimer While reasonable endeavours have been made to ensure this information is accurate and up to date, the New Zealand Government makes no warranty, express or implied, nor assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, correctness, completeness or use of any information that is available or referred to in this publication. The contents of this guide should not be construed as authoritative in any way and may be subject to change without notice. Those using the guide should seek specific and up to date information from an authoritative source in relation to: fishing, navigation, moorings, anchorages and radio communications in and around the fiords. Each page in this guide must be read in conjunction with this disclaimer and any other disclaimer that forms part of it. Those who ignore this disclaimer do so at their own risk.