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Paleozoic Time Scale and Sea-Level History Sponsored, in part, by: Time

ScaLe R Creator Updated by James G. Ogg (Purdue University) and Gabi Ogg to: GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE 2004 Cen Mesozoic (Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., Smith, A.G., et al.2004) Paleozoic ICS Precambrian and The Concise Geologic Time Scale (Ogg, J.G., Ogg, G. & Gradstein, F.M., 2008)

Paleozoic Sequences -- Haq and Schutter (Science, 2008) Paleozoic Sequences -- Geo- Standard Chronostratigraphy magnetic other studies Mega- Sequences Coastal Onlap and Mean Sea- Paleozoic Long- and Medium- Polarity - Fusulinids and Benthic Sequences (nomenclature by Level (intermediate term) Short-Term Sea Level Resolution Perm- Ammonoid Zonation Zonation T-R Cycles Foraminifer Zonation Age Period Epoch Stage Primary of Sloss J. Ogg) 0 100 200m 0 100 200m Devon Sequences Upper meishanensis Chang-3 251.5 R T Palaeofusulina sinensis - 251.8 Clarkina yini Parananlingellia end-Perm 252.23 end-Perm Iranites Clarkina changxingensis Chang-2 252.5 252.89 Clarkina subcarinata 253.02 Palaeofusulina minima Clarkina wangi 253.8 Chang-1 253.8 Chang-1? 253.8

254.57 Clarkina orientalis 255 255.12 Araxoceras Paradunbarulla

Wuch-2 256.0 Clarkina transcaucasica Tansill/Wuch-2 256.44 Clarkina guangyuanensis 257.32 Clarkina leveni

258.47 Roadoceras, Doulingoceras Codonofusiella Clarkina asymetrica Clarkina dukouensis Series Illawara 260 Clarkina postbitteri postbitteri 260.4 Wuch-1 260.4 Tansill/Wuch-1 260.5 Tansill/Wuch Clarkina postbitteri hongshuiensis 261.04

Cap-3 262.0 261.85 altudaensis 262.5 Rauserella Cap-2 263.0 Timorites Yates 263.3

264.12 Jinogondolella postserrata 265 Afganella schenki 265.8 Cap-1 265.8 265.9 266.15 Seven Rivers 266.1 Afganella tereshkovae Word-3 266.5 266.58 266.7 Word-2 267.0 Jinogondolella aserrata Queens 267.05 267.25 Neoschwangerina tenuis Word-1 267.5 Waagenoceras 268.0 267.77 268.0 Graysburg 268.2 Road-2 268.4 268.35 Upper San Andres I 268.78 Cancellina 269.28 269.17 Jinogondolella nankingensis Brushy Canyon 269.56 Brushy Canyon 270 270.26 Skinerella 270.6 Road-1 270.6 Road Canyon II 270.49 270.7 Road Canyon I 270.8 Kung-3d 270.95 Neostreptognathodus 271.15 Kung-3c 271.3 Iren -2 sulcoplicatus Kung-3b 271.65 Kung-3a 272.0 Praeskinnerella pavlovi

272.6 272.71 Neostreptognathodus prayi Iren 273.1 Kung-2 273.5 273.35 Filippov 273.6 Filippov 274.34 Neostreptognathodus pnevi Brevaxina 275 275.1 275.6 Kung-1 275.6 Saran 275.6

Neostreptognathodus 276.68 Aktubinskia, Artinskia, Chalaroschwagerina vulgaris 277.05 Neopronorites pequopensis

278.0 Permian Art-3 Sargin 278.5 Parafusulina

279.75 279.63 280 Artinskian Irgin 3 280.0 280.37 Irgin 2 280.75 whitei Art-2 281.5 Irgin 281.89 Pseudofusulina 282.81 Barneston 2 283.14

284.4 Art-1 284.4 284.4 Barneston 1 284.6 Burslev (Barneston) 285 Lower Absaroka 285.35 285.33 Sweetognathus binodosus

Cisuralian Kinney 286.06 Zigarella urdalensis - Z. Sak-7 286.5 286.79 plicatissima 287.18 Wreford 2 287.51 Sak-6 288.0 288.24 288.64 Sakmarites Wreford 1 288.97

Sakmarian Sak-5 289.6 289.7 290 290.23 Sweetognathus merrilli - Funston 290.43 Funston Schwagerina vernueili uralensis Sak-4 291.0 291.16 291.3 Kiaman Reversed- polarity Hyperchron Sak-3 292.0 Crouse 291.89 292.36 292.61

Sak-2 293.2 Middleburg 293.34 293.69 Schwagerina moelleri

294.6 Sak-1 294.6 294.6 Eiss 294.8 295 295.02 Lenox Hills (Eiss) barskovi 295.38 Sphaeroschwagerina gigas Ass-3 295.8 Svetlanoceras Streptognathodus postfusus 295.98 Beattie 2 295.97 Ass-2 296.7 296.57 Streptognathodus fusus Pseudoschwagerina robusta Beattie 1 297.17 297.5 297.76 Neal Ranch (Upper Streptognathodus constrictus Schwagerina nux Up. Grenola (Neva) 298.34 Grenola) Sphaeroschwagerina fusiformis 298.68 299.0 Red Eagle 3 Streptognathodus isolatus Sphaeroschwagerina vulgaris Ass-1 299.0 Red Eagle 2 299.03 Red Eagle Streptognathodus wabaunsensis Daixina bosbytauensis - 299.68 299.73 Foraker 2 299.84 Foraker 2 Globifusulina robusta 300 299.99 Shumardites Streptognathodus bellus Gzh-3 300.5 Daixina sokensis 301.02 F (Tarkio) 301.46 F of Heckel'08 301.8 Streptognathodus virgilicus Gzh-2 Howard 301.86 Jigulites jigulensis Topeka 302.26 Shumardites - Vidrioceras 302.65 Deer Creek 302.67 Streptognathodus vitali Rauserites rossicus - Rauserites Lecompton 303.4 303.08 Streptognathodus simulator stuckenbergi Gzh-1 303.5 Oread 303.48 Oread Streptognathodus firmus 303.98 E (Cass) 303.89 E of Heckel'08 Stanton 304.29 Stanton Late Penn. toretzianus Rauserites quasiarcticus Kas-3 304.7 D (Iola) 304.7 D of Heckel'08 304.9 305 Dewey 305.1 (Dennis) 305.5 C (Dennis) C of Heckel'08 Kas-2 305.51 Streptognathodus cancellosus Montiparus montiparus 305.98 Swope 305.91 Swope Idiognathodus sagittalis B (Hertha) 306.32 B of Heckel'08 Pseudoparalegoceras - "Swadelina" makhlinae Protriticites pseudomontiparus - Kas-1 306.7 Lost Branch 306.72 Wellerites Obsoletes obsoletus 307.2 Altamont 307.13 Streptognathodus subexcelsus 307.26 Fusulina cylindrica - Protriticites Pawnee 307.53 roundyi Fort Scott 2 307.94 Lower Fort Scott ovatus Neognathodus inaequalis Mosc-3 308.3 A (Verdigris) 308.34 308.51 A of Heckel'08 Fusulinella bocki Tiawah/Inola 308.75 Neognathodus medexultimus - Mosc-2 309.0 McCurtain Idiognathodus podolskensis Fusulinella colaniae - F. Don./McCurtain 309.15 McCurtain Moscovian Streptognathodus concinnus - voshgalensis - Beedeina kamensis 310 309.92 Idiognathodus robustus Fusulinella subpulchra 310.21 Paralegoceras - Eowellerites Finnie 310.56 Neognathodus medexultimus - Priscoidella priscoidea 310.95 Neognathodus bothrops Middle Penn. Grindstaff Mosc-1 311.3 Diaboloceras - Winslovoceras Streptognathodus transitivus Aljutovella aljutovica 311.7 311.6 311.7 Declinognathodus donetzianus - Bash-7 312.3 Diaboloceras - Axinolobus Verella spicata - Alj. tikhonovichi Pounds 312.45 Idiognathoides postsulcatus 312.65 Profusulinella rhombiformis Declinognathodus Bash-6 313.3 313.19 - Profusulinella primitiva - 313.6 marginodosus Bostwich 313.94 Pseudostaffella gorskyi Bash-5 314.3 314.35 Idiognathodus sinuosus Staffellaeformes staffellaeformis - Pseudostaffella praegorskyi Bashkirian 314.95 Bilinguites - Cancelloceras 315 Neognathodus askynensis Bash-4 315.6 Trace Creek 315.57 Pseudostaffella antiqua Bash-3 316.0 315.82 316.18 Early Penn. Dye - Kessler 316.39 Idiognathoides sinuatus Semistaffella variabilis - Bash-2 316.7 316.64 Reticuloceras - Bashkortoceras 316.9 Semistaffella minuscilaria Prairie Grove 2 317.39 Prairie Grove 2 Bash-1 317.5 317.44 Homoceras - Hudsonoceras Declinagnathodus noduliferus Plectostaffella bogdanovkensis 318.1 Cane Hill 317.92 318.01 ( hiatus in Eurasia ? ) ( hiatus in Eurasia ? ) ( regional hiatus ? )

318.93 Serp-9 319.2 319.59 Imo 319.77 Imo Monotaxinoides transitorius 320 Serp-8 320.5 320.49 320.86 Fayettevillea - Delepinoceras bilineatus bollandensis Serp-7 321.7 322.09 Degonia 322.07 Degonia 322.27 Eostaffellina protvae Clore 322.86 Serp-6 323.0 322.95 Serpukhovian 323.35 Menard 323.7 Serp-5 324.0 323.81 324.3 Late Miss. Tar Springs 324.6 Tar Springs 324.71 Uralopronorites - Cravenoceras Neoarchaediscus postrugosus 325 Serp-4 325.0 Lochria cruciformis Hardinsburg 325.5 325.56 325.61

Fraileys 326.4 Serp-3 326.6 326.58 326.8 Serp-2 327.4 Cypress 327.82 327.99 328.3 328.3 Lochria nodosa

Bethel 329.24 Serp-1 329.4 329.41 329.6 330 Vis-7 330.2 330.62 Yankeetown 330.65 330.83 Endothyranopsis crassus - Hypergoniatites - Ferganoceras Archaediscus gigas 331.6 Vis-6 Aux Vases 331.77 Gnathodus bilineatus bilineatus 332.02 332.08

Vis-5 332.8 Ridenhower - Ste. Genevieve 333.02 333.25

334.08 St Louis 333.95 335 334.9

Salem (upper) 335.84 336.0 Salem (upper) Vis-4 336.17 Visean 337.44 Endothyranopsis compressa - Salem (lower) 337.9 Pararchaediscus kokjubensis Middle Miss.

339.2 Gnathodus texanus Vis-3 Beyrichoceras -

340 Mixed 340.53 340.61 Uralodiscus rotundus Carboniferous

Warsaw 341.52 341.99

Vis-2 343.0 Eoparastaffella simplex - 343.41 343.6 Keokuk (Upper) Keokuk (Upper) Eoendothyranopsis donica 343.94 Vis-1 344.5 344.92 345 345.3 345.53 Tour-5 345.7 Keokuk (Lower) Merocanites - Ammonellipsites Scalliognathus anchoralis

Upper 346.54 Endothyra elegia - Eotextularia 346.88 diversa Dollimae bouckaerti

Tour-4 348.5 Gnathodus typicus Spinoendothyra costifera

349.5 350 Protocanites - Pericyclus isosticha Palaeospiroplectammina Tour-3 351.0 Meppen 350.86 tchernyshinensis 351.32 351.69 Siphonodella quadruplicata

Tournaisian Chouteau 352.43 Chouteau

Tour-2 353.3

Early Miss. Siphonodella belkai Chernyshinella disputabilis 354.31 355 Protocanites - Gattendorfia 355.37 Bisphaera malevkensis - Siphonodella duplicata Earlandia minima

Hannibal 357.12

Tournayellina pseudobeata - Siphonodella sulcata Septatournayella njumylga 358.99 359.2 Tour-1 359.2

360 359.92

Fam-8 361.0 Siphonodella praesulcata Glen Park 361.5 Glen Park Wocklumeria 361.96

363.03 Fam-7 363.4 363.79 364.2 Clymenia gracilis expansa

365 364.94

Fam-6 365.7 365.78 Platyclymenia Palmatolepis perlobata postera 365.91 II f II f 366.09 Fam-5 366.4 366.84 Palmatolepis rugosa trachytera 367.31 Prolobites 367.5

Kaskaskia Fam-4

368.5 Palmatolepis marginifera 369.15 369.3 370 Fam-3 370.0

370.8 Palmatolepis rhomboidea

371.44 Cheiloceras Fam-2 372.0 372.01 372.28 Palmatolepis crepida

Late 372.88

373.58 Palmatolepis triangularis II e 374.04 II e 374.27 374.5 Fam-1 374.5 374.78 375 Fras-8 375.2 Palmatolepis linguiformis 375.56 Fras-7 376.0 376.12 376.72 377.2 377.42 Palmatolepis rhenana Fras-6 377.6 II d 378.09 Palmatolepis jamieae Fras-5 379.0

379.72 379.56 Poorly known Palmatolepis hassi 380 379.86 Manticoceras 380.27 Fras-4 380.8 380.89 381.4 Palmatolepis punctata II c 381.74 Fras-3 382.0 Palmatolepis transitans 383.0

Fras-2 384.0 Mesotaxis falsiovalis 384.68 385 385.3 385.3 Fras-1 385.5 385.59 Giv-7 385.9 Skeletognathus norrisi 386.02 385.89 Giv-6 386.2 II b 386.28 386.79 Klapperina disparilis Pharciceras Giv-5 387.5 387.25 Schmidtognathus hermanni 388.0 387.84 388.23 Givetian Giv-4 388.4 389.04 389.49 varcus 390 Giv-3 390.0 II a 390.37 II a 390.5 390.46 Maenioceras 390.64 Giv-2 391.0 Devonian 391.12 391.21 391.31 Polygnathus hemiansatus 391.8 Giv-1 391.6 391.88 Middle Eif-3 392.3 Polygnathus xylus - ensensis 392.45 392.6 Eif-2 392.8 393.0 I f 392.94 Eif-1 393.3 I e 393.37 Tortodus kock. kockelianus 393.98 Pinacites Tortodus kock. australis Eifelian 394.76 395 Ems-8 395.0 I d 394.94 395.16 395.19 Lower Ems-7 395.4 Polygnathus costatus costatus

396.56 396.65 Polygnathus costatus partitus

397.5 Ems-6 397.5 397.5

398.3 Anarcestes Polygnathus costatus patulus 398.93 Ems-5 399.5 400 Polygnathus serotinus 400.35 I c 400.35 I c

Ems-4 401.2 Polygnathus inversus Emsian 402.54 402.6 402.73 Polygnathus nothoperbonus Anetoceras 404.0 Ems-3 404.17 404.34 Polygnathus gronbergi / hyperchron Sayan (Rn) excavatus 405 404.9 Graptolite Zones Ems-2 406.0 Polygnathus kitabicus 406.45 407.0 Ems-1 407.0 Monograptus yukonensis Early 407.74 Polygnathus pireneae 408.35 408.32

Pragian I b 409.21 I b Eognathodus sulcatus kindlei Monograptus falcarius

410 Prag-1 410.0 409.94 Eognathodus sulcatus sulcatus 410.82 410.78 411.2 I a 411.2 I a Loch-4 411.5 Only straight ammonoids known Pedavis pesavis Monograptus hercinicus 412.5 delta Lochkovian Loch-3 413.5 414.0 Ozarkodina eurekaensis Loch-2 414.5 Monograptus praehercynicus, M. 414.85 uniformis 415 woschmidti - Loch-1 415.5 postwoschmidti 416.0 416.1 0 a