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Plecoptera) in Canada East of Alberta D.K Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification No. 36 (April, 2019) BURTON Capniidae (Plecoptera) in Canada east of Alberta D.K. Burton1,2 1Faculty of Education, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5. ([email protected]) 2Canadian National Collection (CNCI), Agriculture Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6 Abstract An examination of adult stoneflies of the family Capniidae available in the Canadian National Collection (CNCI) and the University of Guelph (UOG) was conducted to determine and confirm the recorded distribution of species in Canada. The geographic distribution of Capniidae in North America is discussed and an adult-based key to capniid species found in Canada east of Alberta is provided. Twenty-six species of capniids have been found to occur in Canada east of Alberta. Published online April 05, 2019 Introduction from eastern North America was provided by Hitchcock This study was conducted to update the checklist of (1974) in his guide to the stoneflies of Connecticut. capniid stoneflies (Plecoptera) of Canada east of Alberta Burton (1984) and Dosdall and Lehmkuhl (1979) based on identification of specimens available in the provided distribution information for Manitoba and identified and unidentified Plecoptera collection of the Saskatchewan (respectively), and Dosdall and Giberson Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and (2014) summarized the distributional information for Nematodes (CNCI) in Ottawa and specimens located at species found in all three Canadian prairie provinces. the University of Guelph (UOG). The 110th meridian, The distribution of capniid species in western Canada which is approximately the boundary between the (British Columbia, Alberta and the Yukon) has been provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan, was chosen covered by extensive studies by Baumann et al. (1977), as a demarcation for this study because specimens Nelson and Baumann (1987 and 1989) and Stewart from Alberta and west have been reviewed relatively and Oswood (2006). A review of Plecoptera species in recently (Stewart and Oswood 2006). The CNCI capniid Canada is provided by Kondratieff et al. (in press). This collection contains over 1600 vials collected between present study includes capniids that occur east of the the late 19th century to present day. A second objective 110th meridian and therefore also includes species that of the study was to produce a photographic key to the are western in distribution but whose range extends into family Capniidae found in Canada east of Alberta using this zone. Included is a photographic key to twenty-six specimens from the CNCI and UOG collections. species and updated distribution records and maps. Ross and Ricker (1971) provided the first detailed The systematic arrangement of the Capniidae given examination of capniids in North America with their in the checklist and species accounts associated with examination of the genus Allocapnia. The first detailed the key is based on Muranyi et al. (2014). Jurisdictional examination of the capniids in eastern Canada (including abbreviations are from Table 3 of the Canadian Ontario and eastward) was conducted by Harper and Endangered Species Conservation Council (2016) and Hynes (1971, 1972) and for Quebec by Harper and Harper Stark et al. (1986). The morphological terminology is (1983). Harper and Hynes (1971) provide a key to adults that of Hitchcock (1974) and Muranyi et al. (2014). of all 18 species known to occur in eastern Canada and for the nymphs of the 15 species known in the nymphal Materials and Methods stage. Harper and Harper (1983) provided distribution All capniid specimens in the CNCI were examined maps for 16 capniid species in southern Quebec. Harper to verify or determine species and to update any name and Ricker (1994) provided county distribution data for changes due to taxonomic changes. Selected specimens 11 species of capniids from Ontario. from UOG were also examined to verify and determine Another useful reference for the study of capniids species designation. Specimens were examined using doi:10.3752/cjai.2019.36 1 Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification No. 36 (April, 2019) BURTON a Leica MZ6 stereomicroscope. Photos of selected combination of specimens examined from the CNCI and specimens from the CNCI and UOG were taken using UOG and records from the literature. These are listed a Tucsen USB 2.0 H Series camera attached to a Leica in the checklist below (Table 1), with notes on their MZ6 stereomicroscope using Windows Live Photo Canadian distribution. More detail on distribution and Gallery software. All Allocapnia specimens used for biology can be found in the species accounts associated photographic species determination were relaxed in KOH with the photographic key, along with Canadian or North (aq) and cleared with a solution of hydrogen peroxide American distribution maps for each species. and ammonium hydroxide. A photographic dichotomous key is presented which All specimens examined in this study have been will allow the user to separate the adults of all 26 species entered into the CNCI and UOG databases. Distribution reported here. This key includes 8 species of capniids maps were generated using decimal GPS coordinates not covered by the key provided by Harper and Hynes and plotted using an Excel Mapcite software program. (1971). Two species of Allocapnia, A. indianae (Harper Detailed collection data and photographs for specimens and Harper 1983) and A. zola (Ross and Ricker 1971 at the CNCI are available in their online database - INHS) are added as a result of literature records. Six (http://www.cnc-ottawa.ca/taxonomy/SpecSearchD15. species are added, Isocapnia crinitia, I. integra, Capnia php). These specimens are indicated using black pins coloradensis, C. confusa, C. gracilaria and Utacapnia on all distribution maps. Detailed collection data and trava, as a result of the extension of the study area to photographs for specimens loaned from the University include the provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan. of Guelph as part of the BOLD website (UOG) are The inclusion of a photographic key greatly enhances available online at (http://v4.boldsystems.org/index.php/ one’s ability to identify specimens when compared to Public_BINSearch?searchtype=records) (Ratnasingham the simple line drawings available in Harper and Hynes and Hebert 2007), and these specimens are indicated by (1971). For capniids that may be collected that don’t green pins on all distribution maps. Additional records match the specimens in this key researchers are referred included from the Illinois Natural History Survey Insect to the following references: Allocapnia (Ross and Ricker Collection Database (INHS) (http://inhsinsectcollection. 1971; Stark and Kondratieff 2012), Capnia (Nelson and speciesfile.org/InsectCollection.aspx) are indicated by Baumann 1989), Capnura (Nelson and Baumann 1987), blue pins on distribution maps. Other records included Isocapnia (Zenger and Baumann 2004), Mesocapnia from previously published research are indicated by (Baumann and Gaufin 1970), Nemocapnia ( Stark et red pins on distribution maps. Distribution maps only al. 2016), Paracapnia (Stark and Baumann 2004) and include literature records where specific collection data Utacapnia (Nebeker and Gaufin 1965). was given, or a map was provided. In some cases, some This study confirms the presence of A. rickeri in collection data was omitted where a distribution map Quebec, adds P. angulata to the New Brunswick and of a species became too cluttered or where distribution Nova Scotia fauna, P. opis to the Nova Scotia fauna and records were repeated locations for specimens in the C. coloradensis to the Yukon fauna based on specimens CNCI collection. present in the CNCI. Allocapnia illinoensis is added to the Also included is a checklist of the Capniidae of Canada New Brunswick fauna based on specimens in the INHS. east of Alberta including their Canadian provincial and The species A. indianae is added to the Quebec fauna territorial distribution (Table 1). Species recorded for the and P. angulata to the Prince Edward Island fauna based first time from a province or territory are indicated inred on literature records. The distribution of A. granulata, A. with an *. Previously published jurisdictional records minima, A. pygmaea and P. opis are extended westward that were not listed in the on-line Plecoptera Species File and the distribution of C. confusa and C. gracilaria (http://plecoptera.speciesfile.org/HomePage/Plecoptera/ are extended eastward based on recently collected and HomePage.aspx) are bolded in red. identified specimens in the CNCI collection. Further research needs to be completed in the northern areas Results and Discussion of Ontario, Manitoba, Quebec and Saskatchewan to Twenty-six capniid species in eight genera were determine the northern range of capniid species in this recorded in Canada east of Alberta, based on a study area. doi:10.3752/cjai.2019.36 2 Canadian Journal of Arthropod Identification No. 36 (April, 2019) BURTON Table 1. Checklist of the Capniidae of Canada east of Alberta including their Canadian Provincial and Territorial distribution. Species recorded for the first time from a province or territory are indicated in red with an asterisk (*). Previously published jurisdictional records that were not listed in the on-line Plecoptera Species File (http://plecoptera. speciesfile.org/HomePage/Plecoptera/HomePage.aspx) are bolded in red. Allocapnia Claassen 1928 Allocapnia
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