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A Study of the Early Vedic Age in Ancient India
Journal of Arts and Culture ISSN: 0976-9862 & E-ISSN: 0976-9870, Volume 3, Issue 3, 2012, pp.-129-132. Available online at http://www.bioinfo.in/contents.php?id=53. A STUDY OF THE EARLY VEDIC AGE IN ANCIENT INDIA FASALE M.K.* Department of Histroy, Abasaheb Kakade Arts College, Bodhegaon, Shevgaon- 414 502, MS, India *Corresponding Author: Email- [email protected] Received: December 04, 2012; Accepted: December 20, 2012 Abstract- The Vedic period (or Vedic age) was a period in history during which the Vedas, the oldest scriptures of Hinduism, were composed. The time span of the period is uncertain. Philological and linguistic evidence indicates that the Rigveda, the oldest of the Vedas, was com- posed roughly between 1700 and 1100 BCE, also referred to as the early Vedic period. The end of the period is commonly estimated to have occurred about 500 BCE, and 150 BCE has been suggested as a terminus ante quem for all Vedic Sanskrit literature. Transmission of texts in the Vedic period was by oral tradition alone, and a literary tradition set in only in post-Vedic times. Despite the difficulties in dating the period, the Vedas can safely be assumed to be several thousands of years old. The associated culture, sometimes referred to as Vedic civilization, was probably centred early on in the northern and northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent, but has now spread and constitutes the basis of contemporary Indian culture. After the end of the Vedic period, the Mahajanapadas period in turn gave way to the Maurya Empire (from ca. -
THE ROMANTIC POETRY Section a Section B Section C
DEPARTMENTDEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH OF ENGLISH MANGALOREMANGALORE UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY CBCSCBCS MA MASYLLABUS SYLLABUS (Passed(Passed in June in June 2016 2016 BoS, BoS, effective effective from fr 2016om 2016) ) Semester 1 (Hard Core 1) THE ROMANTIC POETRY Hard Core 4 credits End Semester Examination 70 Marks Internal Assessment 30 marks – Monthly Tests/ Assignments/ Class Reports Section A The French Revolution, Rousseau and Voltaire Enlightenment Rationality Romantic Subjectivity American War of Independence Early Industrial Revolution Section B Blake: The Tyger; Poison Tree; The Lamb; Chimney Sweeper (both) Coleridge: Kubla Khan; The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Wordsworth: Lines: Composed a Few Miles...; The Prelude Book 1 (Boat Stealing Episode Lines 340-400 – The Norton Anthology of Poetry); Lines: Composed upon Westminister Bridge; Ode: Intimations of Immortality; The World is Too Much with Us Section C Shelley: Ode to the West Wind; To a Skylark Keats: Ode on a Grecian Urn, Ode to Psyche, Ode to a Nightingale DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH MANGALORE UNIVERSITY MANGALORE UNIVERSITY CBCSCBCS MA MA SYLLABUS SYLLABUS (Passed in in June June 2016 2016 BoS, BoS, effective effective from 2016 from) 2016 Semester 1 (Hard Core 2) THE NINETEENTH CENTURY NOVELS (Hard Core) Credits: 4 Examination: End-semester examination: 70 Marks; Internal Assessment: 30 Marks) Internal Assessment: Class presentation, Monthly Test, Seminar—separately or in combination Section-A Background 1. Social problems and cultural transformation during industrial revolution. 2. Urbanization and the migrant population 3. Print media, democratic developments and radicalism 4. The Picaresque and Realism 5. Literature and Culture during Nineteenth Century Section-B Novels 1. -
Numbers in Bengali Language
NUMBERS IN BENGALI LANGUAGE A dissertation submitted to Assam University, Silchar in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Masters of Arts in Department of Linguistics. Roll - 011818 No - 2083100012 Registration No 03-120032252 DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS SCHOOL OF LANGUAGE ASSAM UNIVERSITY SILCHAR 788011, INDIA YEAR OF SUBMISSION : 2020 CONTENTS Title Page no. Certificate 1 Declaration by the candidate 2 Acknowledgement 3 Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1.0 A rapid sketch on Assam 4 1.2.0 Etymology of “Assam” 4 Geographical Location 4-5 State symbols 5 Bengali language and scripts 5-6 Religion 6-9 Culture 9 Festival 9 Food havits 10 Dresses and Ornaments 10-12 Music and Instruments 12-14 Chapter 2: REVIEW OF LITERATURE 15-16 Chapter 3: OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY Objectives 16 Methodology and Sources of Data 16 Chapter 4: NUMBERS 18-20 Chapter 5: CONCLUSION 21 BIBLIOGRAPHY 22 CERTIFICATE DEPARTMENT OF LINGUISTICS SCHOOL OF LANGUAGES ASSAM UNIVERSITY SILCHAR DATE: 15-05-2020 Certified that the dissertation/project entitled “Numbers in Bengali Language” submitted by Roll - 011818 No - 2083100012 Registration No 03-120032252 of 2018-2019 for Master degree in Linguistics in Assam University, Silchar. It is further certified that the candidate has complied with all the formalities as per the requirements of Assam University . I recommend that the dissertation may be placed before examiners for consideration of award of the degree of this university. 5.10.2020 (Asst. Professor Paramita Purkait) Name & Signature of the Supervisor Department of Linguistics Assam University, Silchar 1 DECLARATION I hereby Roll - 011818 No - 2083100012 Registration No – 03-120032252 hereby declare that the subject matter of the dissertation entitled ‘Numbers in Bengali language’ is the record of the work done by me. -
Krishna Sobti: a Writer Who Radiated Bonhomie
ISSN 2249-4529 www.pintersociety.com VOL: 9, No.: 1, SPRING 2019 GENERAL ESSAY UGC APPROVED (Sr. No.41623) BLIND PEER REVIEWED About Us: http://pintersociety.com/about/ Editorial Board: http://pintersociety.com/editorial-board/ Submission Guidelines: http://pintersociety.com/submission-guidelines/ Call for Papers: http://pintersociety.com/call-for-papers/ All Open Access articles published by LLILJ are available online, with free access, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License as listed on http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Individual users are allowed non-commercial re-use, sharing and reproduction of the content in any medium, with proper citation of the original publication in LLILJ. For commercial re-use or republication permission, please contact [email protected] 2 | Krishna Sobti: A Writer Who Radiated Bonhomie Krishna Sobti: A Writer Who Radiated Bonhomie Lakshmi Kannan Post Master House, Summer Hill, Shimla. That is where I got to know this legendary writer Krishna Sobti, who carried the weight of her name very lightly. Unlike many famous writers who choose to insulate themselves within a space that they claim as exclusive, Krishnaji’s immense zest for life, her interest in people, her genuine interest in the works of other writers, and her gift for finding humour in the most unlikely situations made her a very friendly, warm and caring person who touched our lives in myriad ways. Krishnaji left us on 25th January this year, leaving behind a tangible absence. Of her it can be truly said that she lived her life to the hilt, scripting a magnificent life for herself while illuminating the lives of many others who had the good fortune to know her. -
Valmiki Ramayana – Ayodhya Kanda – Chapter 67
“Om Sri Lakshmi Narashimhan Nahama” Valmiki Ramayana – Ayodhya Kanda – Chapter 67 Deliberation on the Future of Ayodhya Summary That night in Ayodhya passed over with agony. At sunrise the Brahmins who enthrone a person as a king, assembled and requested Vasista the family priest of Ikshvaku’s to select a youth to be crowned as a king of Ayodhya. They enunciated the various evil consequences of allowing the country without a king and leaving it in anarchy. Chapter [Sarga] 67 in Detail aakranditaniraanandaa saasrakamthajanaavilaa | aayodhyaayaamatitataa saa vyatiiyaaya sharvarii || 2-67-1 That night in Ayodhya, which was joyless in a weeping tone and thronged with people with tears in their throats, slowly passed over. vyatiitaayaam tu sharvaryaam aadityasya udaye tatah | sametya raaja kartaarah sabhaam iiyur dvijaatayah || 2-67-2 At sunrise, when the night had passed over, the Brahmins who place a king on the throne, together gathered at the assembly. maarkandeyo atha maudgalyo vaamadevah ca kaashyapah | kaatyayano gautamah ca jaabaalih ca mahaa yashaah || 2-67-3 ete dvijaah saha amaatyaih prithag vaacam udiirayan | vasistham eva abhimukhaah shresthah raaja purohitam || 2-67-4 Maarkandeya, Moudgalya, Vamadeva, Kashyapa, Kaatyayana, Gautama and the greatly famous Jabali-all these Brahmans together with the ministers turned towards the excellent royal priest Vasishta and one by one spoke as follows: Page 1 of 9 “Om Sri Lakshmi Narashimhan Nahama” Valmiki Ramayana – Ayodhya Kanda – Chapter 67 atiitaa sharvarii duhkham yaa no varsa shata upamaa | asmin pancatvam aapanne putra shokena paarthive || 2-67-5 “King Dasaratha having obtained death due to grief born of separation from his sons (Rama and Lakshmana), the night which burdened like a hundred years, has passed over with great difficulty.” svar gatah ca mahaa raajo raamah ca aranyam aashritah | laksmanah ca api tejasvii raamena eva gatah saha || 2-67-6 “The monarch has gone to heaven. -