List of Reptiles in Southern Africa
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Freshwater Fishes
WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE state oF BIODIVERSITY 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction 2 Chapter 2 Methods 17 Chapter 3 Freshwater fishes 18 Chapter 4 Amphibians 36 Chapter 5 Reptiles 55 Chapter 6 Mammals 75 Chapter 7 Avifauna 89 Chapter 8 Flora & Vegetation 112 Chapter 9 Land and Protected Areas 139 Chapter 10 Status of River Health 159 Cover page photographs by Andrew Turner (CapeNature), Roger Bills (SAIAB) & Wicus Leeuwner. ISBN 978-0-620-39289-1 SCIENTIFIC SERVICES 2 Western Cape Province State of Biodiversity 2007 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Andrew Turner [email protected] 1 “We live at a historic moment, a time in which the world’s biological diversity is being rapidly destroyed. The present geological period has more species than any other, yet the current rate of extinction of species is greater now than at any time in the past. Ecosystems and communities are being degraded and destroyed, and species are being driven to extinction. The species that persist are losing genetic variation as the number of individuals in populations shrinks, unique populations and subspecies are destroyed, and remaining populations become increasingly isolated from one another. The cause of this loss of biological diversity at all levels is the range of human activity that alters and destroys natural habitats to suit human needs.” (Primack, 2002). CapeNature launched its State of Biodiversity Programme (SoBP) to assess and monitor the state of biodiversity in the Western Cape in 1999. This programme delivered its first report in 2002 and these reports are updated every five years. The current report (2007) reports on the changes to the state of vertebrate biodiversity and land under conservation usage. -
NEP WILDLIFE 2018 Catalog
WILDLIFE International Sales Daisan Kyodo Bldg. 4-14 Kamiyama-cho, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-0047, Japan Phone: +81-3-3468-6984 Fax: +81-3-3485-3624 [email protected] NHK NEPNHK Series As NHK’s main international distribution arm, NEP holds a catalogue of over 1,500 titles in a wide range of genres. To discover more of our programs, please visit: Program Finder 11 8 episodes http://pf.nhk-ep.co.jp/ 59 x 49 min. 4 x 50 min. 49 x 52 min. 6 x 55 min. This online search service will allow you to Clean, M/E + English, English script quickly and accurately find programs you need. 2009-2018 ©NHK Since its start in 2009, WILDLIFE has been the pillar nature series on NHK, consistent in its delivery of quality and high standard. Produced by the seasoned Natural History Unit of NHK Enterprises, the series reveals the pulsating life of the animal kingdom. Through its commitment to innovative storytelling, each episode is filmed over long periods and makes use of the latest equipment in pursuit of new visual experiences. http://www.nhk.or.jp/corporateinfo/ http://www.nhk-ep.co.jp/en/ NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation) is Japan’s sole public NHK Enterprises, Inc. (NEP) was established in 1985, as an broadcaster. Funded by fees from Japanese households, affiliated company of NHK, to produce TV programs for NHK. it has a reputation for impartial, high-quality programming. Over the years, NEP has expanded its business across a wide Through its four nationwide TV channels and three radio range of content-related activities both at home and abroad to channels, NHK reaches about 50 million households. -
Supplemental Information Biological Conservation No Safe Haven: Protection Levels Show Imperilled South African Reptiles Not
Supplemental Information Biological Conservation No safe haven: protection levels show imperilled South African reptiles not sufficiently safe- guarded despite low average extinction risk Krystal A. Tolley, Joshua Weeber, Bryan Maritz, Luke Verburgt, Michael F. Bates, Werner Conradie, Margaretha D. Hofmeyr, Andrew A. Turner, Jessica M. da Silva, Graham J. Alexander Supplemental Figures S1-S3 Figure S1. Species richness of threatened and Near Threatened reptiles in South Africa. 1 Figure S2. Reptile species richness in South Africa (darker shades indicate higher richness), with the current protected area network indicated by the black outlines. 2 Figure S3. Reptile species richness in South Africa (darker shades indicate higher richness), with the current protected area network indicated by the grey shaded polygons and the protected area expansion network indicated by black polygon outlines. 3 Appendix S1. Protocol for Measuring Protection Level for South African Reptiles The following process was applied to measure the level of protection for each species, using the interpreted distributions for the species (see main text). We evaluated the effectiveness of South Africa’s protected area network in ensuring that minimum viable populations of reptiles are protected. We set a conservation target for protection of at least 10 fragments of protected habitat, each with areas greater than 10 km2 (1000 ha) for a total of 100 km2 for each species. The fragment size was considered to be the minimum area that would support viable populations, with the total area considered to be the total area needed to safeguard the species survival into the future. The interpreted distributions for each species were then intersected with South Africa’s protected area network (Government of South Africa, 2010). -
Biomimicry: Using Nature As a Model for Design Michael J
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 2012 Biomimicry: Using Nature as a Model for Design Michael J. Maglic University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses Maglic, Michael J., "Biomimicry: Using Nature as a Model for Design" (2012). Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014. 871. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/871 This thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BIOMIMICRY: USING NATURE AS A MODEL FOR DESIGN A Thesis Presented By MICHAEL J. MAGLIC Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts Amherst in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE May 2012 Architecture+Design Program © Copyright by Michael J. Maglic 2012 All Rights Reserved BIOMIMICRY: USING NATURE AS A MODEL FOR DESIGN A Thesis Presented By MICHAEL J. MAGLIC Approved as to style and content by: _______________________________________ Steve Schreiber, Chair _______________________________________ Kathleen Lugosch, Member _______________________________________ Alexander Schreyer, Member ____________________________________ William T. Oedel, Chair Department of Art, Architecture and Art History ABSTRACT BIOMIMICRY: USING NATURE AS A MODEL FOR DESIGN MAY 2012 MICHAEL J. MAGLIC, B.S., SUNY COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY AT ALFRED M. ARCH, UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST Directed by: Professor Kathleen Lugosch The relationship and connection between architecture and nature is one that has brought forth many questions, criticisms, and solutions. -
Addo Elephant National Park Reptiles Species List
Addo Elephant National Park Reptiles Species List Common Name Scientific Name Status Snakes Cape cobra Naja nivea Puffadder Bitis arietans Albany adder Bitis albanica very rare Night adder Causes rhombeatus Bergadder Bitis atropos Horned adder Bitis cornuta Boomslang Dispholidus typus Rinkhals Hemachatus hemachatus Herald/Red-lipped snake Crotaphopeltis hotamboeia Olive house snake Lamprophis inornatus Night snake Lamprophis aurora Brown house snake Lamprophis fuliginosus fuliginosus Speckled house snake Homoroselaps lacteus Wolf snake Lycophidion capense Spotted harlequin snake Philothamnus semivariegatus Speckled bush snake Bitis atropos Green water snake Philothamnus hoplogaster Natal green watersnake Philothamnus natalensis occidentalis Shovel-nosed snake Prosymna sundevalli Mole snake Pseudapsis cana Slugeater Duberria lutrix lutrix Common eggeater Dasypeltis scabra scabra Dappled sandsnake Psammophis notosticus Crossmarked sandsnake Psammophis crucifer Black-bellied watersnake Lycodonomorphus laevissimus Common/Red-bellied watersnake Lycodonomorphus rufulus Tortoises/terrapins Angulate tortoise Chersina angulata Leopard tortoise Geochelone pardalis Green parrot-beaked tortoise Homopus areolatus Marsh/Helmeted terrapin Pelomedusa subrufa Tent tortoise Psammobates tentorius Lizards/geckoes/skinks Rock Monitor Lizard/Leguaan Varanus niloticus niloticus Water Monitor Lizard/Leguaan Varanus exanthematicus albigularis Tasman's Girdled Lizard Cordylus tasmani Cape Girdled Lizard Cordylus cordylus Southern Rock Agama Agama atra Burrowing -
Trade in Live Reptiles, Its Impact on Wild Populations, and the Role of the European Market
BIOC-06813; No of Pages 17 Biological Conservation xxx (2016) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Biological Conservation journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/bioc Review Trade in live reptiles, its impact on wild populations, and the role of the European market Mark Auliya a,⁎,SandraAltherrb, Daniel Ariano-Sanchez c, Ernst H. Baard d,CarlBrownd,RafeM.Browne, Juan-Carlos Cantu f,GabrieleGentileg, Paul Gildenhuys d, Evert Henningheim h, Jürgen Hintzmann i, Kahoru Kanari j, Milivoje Krvavac k, Marieke Lettink l, Jörg Lippert m, Luca Luiselli n,o, Göran Nilson p, Truong Quang Nguyen q, Vincent Nijman r, James F. Parham s, Stesha A. Pasachnik t,MiguelPedronou, Anna Rauhaus v,DannyRuedaCórdovaw, Maria-Elena Sanchez x,UlrichScheppy, Mona van Schingen z,v, Norbert Schneeweiss aa, Gabriel H. Segniagbeto ab, Ruchira Somaweera ac, Emerson Y. Sy ad,OguzTürkozanae, Sabine Vinke af, Thomas Vinke af,RajuVyasag, Stuart Williamson ah,1,ThomasZieglerai,aj a Department Conservation Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Conservation (UFZ), Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany b Pro Wildlife, Kidlerstrasse 2, 81371 Munich, Germany c Departamento de Biología, Universidad del Valle de, Guatemala d Western Cape Nature Conservation Board, South Africa e Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology,University of Kansas Biodiversity Institute, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA f Bosques de Cerezos 112, C.P. 11700 México D.F., Mexico g Dipartimento di Biologia, Universitá Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy h Amsterdam, The Netherlands -
Literature Cited in Lizards Natural History Database
Literature Cited in Lizards Natural History database Abdala, C. S., A. S. Quinteros, and R. E. Espinoza. 2008. Two new species of Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from the puna of northwestern Argentina. Herpetologica 64:458-471. Abdala, C. S., D. Baldo, R. A. Juárez, and R. E. Espinoza. 2016. The first parthenogenetic pleurodont Iguanian: a new all-female Liolaemus (Squamata: Liolaemidae) from western Argentina. Copeia 104:487-497. Abdala, C. S., J. C. Acosta, M. R. Cabrera, H. J. Villaviciencio, and J. Marinero. 2009. A new Andean Liolaemus of the L. montanus series (Squamata: Iguania: Liolaemidae) from western Argentina. South American Journal of Herpetology 4:91-102. Abdala, C. S., J. L. Acosta, J. C. Acosta, B. B. Alvarez, F. Arias, L. J. Avila, . S. M. Zalba. 2012. Categorización del estado de conservación de las lagartijas y anfisbenas de la República Argentina. Cuadernos de Herpetologia 26 (Suppl. 1):215-248. Abell, A. J. 1999. Male-female spacing patterns in the lizard, Sceloporus virgatus. Amphibia-Reptilia 20:185-194. Abts, M. L. 1987. Environment and variation in life history traits of the Chuckwalla, Sauromalus obesus. Ecological Monographs 57:215-232. Achaval, F., and A. Olmos. 2003. Anfibios y reptiles del Uruguay. Montevideo, Uruguay: Facultad de Ciencias. Achaval, F., and A. Olmos. 2007. Anfibio y reptiles del Uruguay, 3rd edn. Montevideo, Uruguay: Serie Fauna 1. Ackermann, T. 2006. Schreibers Glatkopfleguan Leiocephalus schreibersii. Munich, Germany: Natur und Tier. Ackley, J. W., P. J. Muelleman, R. E. Carter, R. W. Henderson, and R. Powell. 2009. A rapid assessment of herpetofaunal diversity in variously altered habitats on Dominica. -
Os Répteis De Angola: História, Diversidade, Endemismo E Hotspots
CAPÍTULO 13 OS RÉPTEIS DE ANGOLA: HISTÓRIA, DIVERSIDADE, ENDEMISMO E HOTSPOTS William R. Branch1,2, Pedro Vaz Pinto3,4, Ninda Baptista1,4,5 e Werner Conradie1,6,7 Resumo O estado actual do conhecimento sobre a diversidade dos répteis de Angola é aqui tratada no contexto da história da investigação herpe‑ tológica no país. A diversidade de répteis é comparada com a diversidade conhecida em regiões adjacentes de modo a permitir esclarecer questões taxonómicas e padrões biogeográficos. No final do século xix, mais de 67% dos répteis angolanos encontravam‑se descritos. Os estudos estag‑ naram durante o século seguinte, mas aumentaram na última década. Actualmente, são conhecidos pelo menos 278 répteis, mas foram feitas numerosas novas descobertas durante levantamentos recentes e muitas espécies novas aguardam descrição. Embora a diversidade dos lagartos e das cobras seja praticamente idêntica, a maioria das novas descobertas verifica‑se nos lagartos, particularmente nas osgas e lacertídeos. Destacam‑ ‑se aqui os répteis angolanos mal conhecidos e outros de regiões adjacentes que possam ocorrer no país. A maioria dos répteis endémicos angolanos é constituída por lagartos e encontra ‑se associada à escarpa e à região árida do Sudoeste. Está em curso a identificação de hotspots de diversidade de 1 National Geographic Okavango Wilderness Project, Wild Bird Trust, South Africa 2 Research Associate, Department of Zoology, P.O. Box 77000, Nelson Mandela University, Port Elizabeth 6031, South Africa 3 Fundação Kissama, Rua 60, Casa 560, Lar do Patriota, Luanda, Angola 4 CIBIO ‑InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, 4485 ‑661 Vairão, Portugal 5 ISCED, Instituto Superior de Ciências da Educação da Huíla, Rua Sarmento Rodrigues s/n, Lubango, Angola 6 School of Natural Resource Management, George Campus, Nelson Mandela University, George 6530, South Africa 7 Port Elizabeth Museum (Bayworld), P.O. -
Sexual Selection and Signalling in the Lizard Platysaurus Minor
SEXUAL SELECTION AND SIGNALLING IN THE LIZARD PLATYSAURUS MINOR Belinda Ann Lewis A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science. Johannesburg, 2006 I declare that this dissertation is my own unaided work. It is being submitted for the degree of Master of Science in the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. It has not been submitted before for any degree or examination in any other University. ________________________ Belinda A. Lewis 6th day of December 2006 i ABSTRACT Sexual selection may influence aspects of male morphology associated with territoriality, female choice, aggression and contest success. Attributes that are most commonly selected for include body size, condition, weaponry, endurance and bright coloration. I investigated the relationships between morphology, use of space and home range quality, and access to females. Specifically, I examined the relationships between colour, body size and condition, and whether morphology could predict aggression or contest success. Colour spectral data were analyzed using both traditional measures of colour (hue, chroma, brightness) and principal components. Males with darker, more saturated chests, and more saturated throats, had larger home ranges. Home range quality, as determined by refuge number and prey availability, was associated with blue chests and blue throats and chests, respectively. Males with larger home ranges had higher numbers of associated females and spent more time courting females. Larger males in better condition had darker, more saturated chests. Males in better body condition were also more aggressive. There was a consistent trend for larger males to win more contests, but this relationship was only significant in analyses using traditional measures of colour. -
Reptiles and Amphibians of the Goegap Nature Reserve
their time underground in burrows. These amphibians often leave their burrows after heavy rains that are seldom. Reptiles And Amphibians Of The There are reptiles included in this report, which don’t occur here in Goegap but at the Augrabies Falls NP. So you can find here also the Nile monitor and the flat liz- Goegap Nature Reserve ard. Measuring reptiles By Tanja Mahnkopf In tortoises and terrapins the length is measured at the shell. Straight along the mid- line of the carapace. The SV-Length is the length of head and body (Snout to Vent). In lizards it easier to look for this length because their tail may be a regenerated one Introduction and these are often shorter than the original one. The length that is mentioned for the The reptiles are an ancient class on earth. The earliest reptile fossils are about 315 species in this report is the average to the maximum length. For the snakes I tried to million years old. During the aeons of time they evolved a great diversity of extinct give the total length because it is often impossible to say where the tail begins and and living reptiles. The dinosaurs and their relatives dominated the earth 150 million the body ends without holding the snake. But there was not for every snake a total years ago. Our living reptiles are remnants of that period or from a period after the length available. dinosaurs were extinct. Except of the chameleons (there are only two) you can find all reptiles in the appen- Obviously it looks like reptiles are not as successful as mammals. -
Animals Traded for Traditional Medicine at the Faraday Market in South Africa: Species Diversity and Conservation Implications M
Journal of Zoology Journal of Zoology. Print ISSN 0952-8369 Animals traded for traditional medicine at the Faraday market in South Africa: species diversity and conservation implications M. J. Whiting1,2, V. L. Williams1 & T. J. HibbittsÃ,1 1 School of Animal, Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa 2 Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia Keywords Abstract biodiversity; threatened species; ethnozoology; mammal; bird; reptile. In South Africa, animals and plants are commonly used as traditional medicine for both the healing of ailments and for symbolic purposes such as improving Correspondence relationships and attaining good fortune. The aim of this study was twofold: to Department of Biological Sciences, quantify the species richness and diversity of traded animal species and to assess Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, the trade in species of conservation concern. We surveyed the Faraday traditional Australia. medicine market in Johannesburg and conducted 45 interviews of 32 traders Email: [email protected] during 23 visits. We identified 147 vertebrate species representing about 9% of the total number of vertebrate species in South Africa and about 63% of the total ÃCurrent address: Department of Wildlife number of documented species (excluding domestic animals) traded in all South and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A & M African traditional medicine markets. The vertebrates included 60 mammal University, College Station, TX 77843-2258, species, 33 reptile species, 53 bird species and one amphibian species. Overall, USA. species diversity in the Faraday market was moderately high and highest for mammals and birds, respectively. Evenness values indicated that relatively few Editor: Andrew Kitchener species were dominant. -
SUNGAZERS THREATENED? Sungazers Only Reproduce Every Other Year, and the Sungazer Is Endemic (Only Only Produce One Or Two Offspring
CONSERVATION STATUS: WHY ARE SUNGAZERS THREATENED? Sungazers only reproduce every other year, and The Sungazer is endemic (only only produce one or two offspring. They are viviparous meaning they give birth to live SUNGAZERCordylus giganteus found in one particular country or geographic area) to South Africa. It young. The population is thought to be in OTHER NAMES is found in the highland grasslands decline due to habitat destruction as a result of Giant Zonure, Giant Girdled Lizard or of the north eastern Free State as conversion of grassland to farmland (maize, Ouvolk (Afrikaans - also refers to other well as a small population in south sunflower and other crop farming), illegal Girdled Lizards) western Mpumalanga province. collecting for the pet trade, as well as collection for the muti (traditional medicine) industry. DESCRIPTION The population status is unknown Length but thought to be declining. Conversion/transformation (especially plowing) • up to 35-40cm Globally and nationally the of native grassland is the biggest threat to the Key identification features (adult) Giant Girdled Lizard is classified as species. It has been recorded that animals do not This is the largest of the girdled lizards. It is brown in ECOLOGY Vulnerable (IUCN Red List). Find out seem to return to previously plowed land. colour on the upper surface; merging to straw/yellow more at www.iucnredlist.org colouring along the side of the body and yellow Diet WHAT IS THE EWT DOING TO CONSERVE GIANT underneath. This lizard has four very large, spiny scales on Sungazers eats insects, GIRDLED LIZARDS? the back of the head.