Magyar Szó No 94. December 2008

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Magyar Szó No 94. December 2008 MAGYAR Szó 94 B ULLETIN OF THE H UNGARIAN C OMMUNITY IN N EW Z EALAND D ECEMBER 2008 "Welcome, the sun" 1 Oil on Canvas - Éva Borka Kellemes karácsonyi ünnepeket és boldog új évet kívánunk minden kedves olvasónak! We wish all our readers a merry Christmas and a happy New Year! Karácsonyi összeállításunk 3, 18-19, 25, 36 Levél Magyarországról – Pekár István Christmas compilation 17, 19-20, 31 16-17 Szegedy Krisztina: Képes Ajánló Finom porcelánok 2. rész 22 Fine Magyar Porcelain Part 2 23 O FFERINGS P ICTURED … show you some of the articles to choose from in this issue. Mátyás király, harmadik (utolsó) rész 10-12 Darkness after Noon 4-6 Gyereksarok 36 Szellemi Folytatjuk a értékeink: Barangolást a Dél Berzsenyi Dániel Dunántúlon 22-23 28, 30 Wanderlust: Hungarian Poets: SouthernTransdanubia Dániel Berzsenyi Sólyom László beszéde 7-8 In the Words of the 29, 31 24-25 President 8-9 Paul Hellyer: Famous Hungarians: Ferenc Puskás 14-15 beköszöntõ M AGYAR S ZÓ - BULLETIN OF THE H UNGARIAN C OMMUNITY IN N EW Z EALAND RAJTUNK MÚLIK EMPOWERMENT Eredményességünket - függetlenül attól, hogy Regardless of whether they are positive or negative, our achievements are az pozitív, vagy negatív - alapvetõen a determined in the main by decisions which we base on our values and our személyes tapasztalatunkon és értékeinken personal experience. The most important characteristic of an effective alapuló döntések határozzák meg. A hatékony person is proactivity, that is, taking responsibility for actions, and those ember legfontosabb tulajdonsága az, ha nem actions not being determined by circumstance. hagyja, hogy a körülmények határozzák meg cselekedeteit, hanem felelõsséget vállal Sounds simple enough… We’d all like to be effective, at least within the tetteiért… circle of our loved ones. We’d like our children to pay attention to what we have to say, to think about the life experience which we share with Milyen egyszerûnek hangzik! Mindnyájan szeretnénk hatékonyak lenni, them in the hope that we will spare them from life’s pain. We’d like our ha máshol nem, legalább a szeretteink körében. Azt szeretnénk, ha partner, our boss, maybe our employee to take what we have to say seri- gyermekeink odafigyelnének ránk, ha megfontolnák ously, especially when we have thought it through carefully. But all of this életbölcsességeinket, amelyeket az óvás reményében osztunk meg is only possible if it’s not circumstances dictating our reactions, if we take velük. Azt szeretnénk, ha társunk, vagy fõnökünk, esetleg responsibility for our reactions ourselves. alkalmazottunk komolyan venné az egyébként jól átgondolt mondanivalónkat. De mindez csak akkor lehetséges, ha nem a When I first woke up to the fact that it is up to me how I react in any given körülmények diktálják reakciónkat, hanem magunk vállalunk situation, I felt frighteningly empowered. And yet, in spite of being only 20, felelõsséget érte. I found it difficult to rewrite 20 years of scripts I had been living. We don’t Amikor elõször ráébredtem arra a tényre, Juhász Gyula: Karácsony felé even notice just how frequently we hogy rajtam múlik, hogyan reagálok egy adott search for a scapegoat, for whom or helyzetre, akkor úgy éreztem ez a tudat „Szép Tündérország támad föl szívemben what to blame when things go elképesztõen „felszabadít”. Viszont annak Ilyenkor decemberben. wrong. ellenére, hogy csak húsz éves voltam, nehéz volt újraírni a húsz éve megszokott A szeretetnek csillagára nézek, It’s true this blaming behaviour is cer- életsémáimat. Az ember ugyanis észre sem Megszáll egy titkos, gyönyörû igézet, tainly “human”, but later I learnt from veszi, hogy mennyi apró, elrontott helyzetben Ilyenkor decemberben. Viktor Frankl’s soul-stirring example keresi a „vádlottakat”, keresi, hogy kire vagy . Bizalmas szívvel járom a világot that even in the most terrible situa- mire lehet fogni a félresikeredett történteket. S amit az élet vágott, tion we have the freedom to decide between stimulus and response. Ám az igaz, hogy „emberi” ez a fajta vádoló Beheggesztem a sebet a szívemben (Born in Vienna in 1905, Frankl spe- viselkedés, de késõbb egy bizonyos Viktor És hiszek újra égi szeretetben, cialized in neurology and psychiatry, Frankl megrázó példájából azt is megtanultam, Ilyenkor decemberben concentrating on the topics of hogy még a legszörnyûbb helyzetben is, az . És valahol csak kétkedõ beszéd depression and suicide. In indíték és a reakció között képesek vagyunk Hallok szomorúan nézek, September 1942, along with his wife dönteni. (Az 1905 Bécsben született Frankl a and his parents, he was deported to neurológia és a pszichiátria területére A kis Jézuska itt van a közelben, the Theresienstadt concentration szakosodott, különösen a depresszió és Legyünk hát jobbak s higgyünk camp. He was freed by the az öngyilkosság kérdésére fordítva rendületlen Americans on 27 April 1945, but figyelmét. 1942 õszén feleségével és S ne csak így decemberben” among his immediate family, his sister szüleivel együtt a theresienstadt-i was the only survivor, having escaped koncentrációs táborba deportálták. 1945. by emigrating to Australia just before április 27-én szabadult, de közvetlen rokonai közül csak a nõvére the deportations. It was due to his and others' suffering in these camps that menekült meg, akinek sikerült Ausztráliába emigrálnia még a Frankl came to the conclusion that even in the most absurd, the most deportálások elõtt. Frankl a maga és mások szenvedéseinek révén painful and most inhumane situation, life still potentially has meaning, jutott arra a következtetésre, hogy a legabszurdabb, legfájdalmasabb és through which even suffering becomes meaningful.) legembertelenebb helyzetben is van az életnek egy lehetséges értelme, amitõl a szenvedés is értelmet nyer.) So in any given situation we don’t have to react to a stimulus immediately - in fact what we should do instead is take a deep breath, and no matter Tehát egy adott helyzetben nem feltétlenül muszáj egy impulzusra how short or long the gap is, we can decide during that breathing space rögtön reagálni, sõt inkább kellene egy nagyot lélegezni, és that we will respond positively, even to a negative stimulus. According to akármennyire rövid az a lélegzési szünet, abban a szünetben lehet úgy Frankl’s teachings we all have the ability to imagine, that is to create a vision dönteni, hogy pozitívan viszonyul az ember, akár a negatív ösztönzésre in our minds beyond our present reality; we all have a conscience - an is. Frankl tanítása szerint mindnyájan rendelkezünk azzal a képességgel, inner awareness of right and wrong; furthermore we all have independent hogy elképzeljünk egy olyan jövõt az agyunkban, ami eltér jelen will, in other words the ability to act based on self-awareness. [folytatás a 13. oldalon] [continued on p. 13] 3 M AGYAR S ZÓ - BULLETIN OF THE H UNGARIAN C OMMUNITY IN N EW Z EALAND múlt-kor múlt D ARKNESS - AFTER NOON HUNGARY’ HISTORY kor FROM 1456 TO 1560 MATTHIAS’ FLAMBOYANT EMPIRE Matthias’ foreign policy disappointed those who expected him to continue his father’s crusades against the Turks. He realised that the Magyar nation was not After Hunyadi’s death in 1456, the king, Ladislas V, succumbed to the intrigues strong enough to chase the Turks out of Europe without bleeding to death in the of his courtiers and perfidiously arrested and executed the great general’s elder process. He was also realistic enough not to count on the “help” of the West. So son, László. This understandably angered the nation so much that the king had he prepared a long-range plan, aiming ultimately at possession of the crown of to flee to Prague, the capital of his other kingdom, Bohemia. He took with him the Holy Roman Empire so that he could use the empire’s military might to deal Hunyadi’s second son, Matthias, as a hostage. A few months later king Ladislas with the Turkish menace. As Hungary had never been a member state of the died – ironically of the same plague that had killed John Hunyadi. Empire, he tried to gain the crown of Bohemia, which was one of the member states with the right to vote in the election of the Emperor. Thus he fought a long The nation, tired of the misrule of foreign kings and foreign courtiers, decided to war against the king of Bohemia and his allies and also against Emperor Fred- elect the son of the country’s greatest soldier as sovereign. erick, allying himself first with the one, then with the other. Eventually he man- aged to obtain the Bohemian crown – without the right to vote – and then he also Matthias I (or Mátyás Hunyadi) (1458-1490) was only eighteen when he conquered Austria from the Emperor – without decisively defeating him. returned to Buda to become the country’s greatest king. The brilliant and ener- getic young man began his reign by breaking up the cliques of some magnates He also led short, mainly defensive campaigns against the Turks and managed opposing his election. He did this by using a judicious mixture of charm, strength to build up a defensive belt in the south with the inclusion of such vassal states and cunning: he simply moved his enemies to higher offices – away from the as Bosnia, Serbia. Wallachia and others governed by his troublesome friends or court, the seat of power. Thus he made his family’s archenemy, Újlaki, the king placated enemies. He refused, however, to commit his beloved Magyars or of Bosnia, Hungary’s southernmost province. He had more trouble with his expensive mercenaries to adventurous campaigns deep in Turkish territory. friends, especially with his domineering uncle, Mihály Szilágyi, who had been appointed regent during Matthias’ minority. Matthias made it abundantly clear Matthias, a son of the Renaissance, was a true and intelligent patron of art and that he was mature enough to rule alone and disposed of his impetuous uncle literature.
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