2015 Annual 2016 2017 Report 2018 Director’s message Calling this an Annual Report is a misnomer. However, in common parlance, a Quadrennial Report just does not ‘sing’ the way that Annual Report does. And so this is an Annual Report for the first four years of the Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries.

It does make sense. It has taken at least that many years for us to get our feet fully beneath us. When we were created on July 1, 2015, the Institute, while it evolved from the storied Fisheries Centre, had a new, broader mandate that spanned the natural and social sciences. We now include aquatic ecology, economics, zoology, anthropology, sociology, oceanography, marine geochemistry, microbiology, resource management, and international maritime law in our purview, and are charged with the mission of leading the way to healthy and sustainable marine and freshwater systems through excellent research, inspirational education, and innovative societal engagement. Lofty, and inspiring, goals.

Looking through the Report you will note that, while we are still finding our way, we are slowly but surely building an Institute that is more than the sum of its parts. We are still organized in research units, but note that in so many cases, those units work with each other to produce the excellent research we have always been famous for. The Sea Around Us works with the Fisheries Economics Research Unit and Changing Oceans Research Unit for numerous studies, while the Marine Zooplankton and Micronekton Laboratory works with the Pelagaic Ecosystems Lab, which in turn liaises with Marine Mammal Research Unit and the Statistical Ecology Research Group, and so on. We pride ourselves on our interdisciplinary nature at the macro level, and can also celebrate our interconnectiveness at the micro.

We look forward to sharing our next milestones with you.

Dr. Evgeny Pakhomov Professor and Director, Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries The University of British Columbia Sea Around Us This initiative catalogues and presents fisheries and related data at spatial scales that are relevant to ecology and policy. The Sea Around Us website catalogues fisheries and ecosystem data according to Exclusive Economic Zones, Large Marine Ecosystems, High Seas areas, and other ecologically meaningful special areas. Principal Investigator: Dr. Daniel Pauly

Highlights previously published four similar marine fisheries catches are higher Closing the high seas to fishing compendia for islands, covering both than reported and declining” in Nature In 2015, with contributions from the tropical and temperate islands in all Communications and the book, Global Fisheries Economics Research Unit, ocean basins, and ranging from the Atlas of Marine Fisheries. the Sea Around Us entered this debate, largest, such as Greenland, to the which was already taking place in smallest such as Pitcairn Island or The Atlas presented the methods international fora, with the paper, Nauru, however a research group had and results of the 273 catch “Winners and losers in a world where never presented the fisheries catches of reconstructions that the Sea Around the high seas is closed to fishing” all island territories of the world. The Sea Us team, assisted by over 300 (Scientific Reports). This paper had a Around Us was the first to do it. researchers from all continents, major impact; demonstrating that the carried out to cover the Exclusive high seas generate 5 to 8 percent of the This may lead to advances in ‘nesology,’ Economic Zones of all maritime world’s marine catch, and that only a the multifaceted disciplines devoted countries, or their overseas territories handful of subsidized fleets can fish to the study of island economies and for the years 1950 to 2010. The Nature there. This is effectively an oligopoly culture, but which suffered from the Communications article presented a for accessing the different species of inability to access reliable fishery catch synthesis of these 273 reconstructions. valuable tuna found in the area. time series from countries’ overseas territories, such as the Galápagos, and This synthesis demonstrated that The Sea Around Us research showed also from culturally or economically global marine fisheries catches are that more people could benefit from important islands such as Crete, 50% higher than what the Food and such resources if the high seas were Sardinia, Sicily, or the Baleares in the Agriculture Organization of the United closed to fishing because a giant marine Mediterranean. Nations (FAO) reports on behalf of reserve would be created and it would member countries, and that have been enable overfished tuna stocks to rebuild. Global catch reconstruction Such a recovery would generate a In 2016, the Sea Around Us had two spillover effect that would allow for major publications; the paper “Catch Sea Around Us 2016 team at a retreat more tuna and other highly migratory reconstructions reveal that global on the Sunshine Coast, B.C. fish presently caught in the high seas to be caught in the EEZs of various countries.

Thus closing the high seas could be catch-neutral in terms of global fish catches while inequality in the distribution of fisheries benefits among the world’s maritime countries could be reduced by 50%.

Sub-Antarctic Islands catch reconstruction In 2015, the Sea Around Us published, in a Fisheries Centre Research Reports, a compilation of catch reconstructions for the often-neglected sub-Antarctic islands. Sea Around Us had Mission: To assess the impact of fisheries on the marine ecosystems of the world and offer mitigating solutions to a range of stakeholders such as researchers, students, NGOs, advocacy groups, fishers, fisheries managers, government bodies, and intergovernmental organizations.

Vision: To be the provider of the most accurate, updated, complete and used global fisheries database, as a support system for research devoted to the sustainable man- agement of fisheries resources across the world. declining at a rate of 1.2 million tonnes Daniel Pauly and Dirk Zeller receive Ocean Award in 2016 of catch per year since the mid-1990s.

The stark difference between reported and reconstructed catches could be explained by the fact that the data reported by FAO are ‘landings’ and not ‘catches,’ because they explicitly omit discarded catches and bycatch. Also, they cover small-scale fisheries very cursorily, often ignoring artisanal and especially subsistence and recreational fisheries. Additionally, they do not attempt to include illegally caught fish, thus masking issues associated with Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated (IUU) fisheries. TheSea Around Us database, on the other hand, covered all those sectors, as the catch reconstruction methodology that was developed corrects for the omissions in Daniel Pauly receives the 2016 Albert Ier Grand Medal the FAO database. in the Science category

The data behind these catch reconstructions are available on the Sea Around Us website (www. seaaroundus.org) and are corrected and updated regularly. Individual catch reconstructions are also submitted to scientific journals and over 100 of them have already been published in the peer-reviewed literature.

The results from both the Nature Communications paper and the Atlas drew a lot of attention from the media, with over 100 stories published in various outlets (i.e. The Washington Post, The Guardian, The Huffington Post, BBC, and CBC). Daniel Pauly receives Radio-Canada’s Scientist of the Year Award in 2017 Documenting the Sea Around Us’ freshwater bodies. The piece was among world, stock assessments of major work UBC’s Top 5 Stories of 2017. species occurring and exploited therein. The international dimension of the Sea Around Us’ catch reconstruction work Assessing the world’s fish stocks Sea Around Us Down Under was captured in an award-winning In 2018, with the support of Oceana, In June 2017, Dr. Dirk Zeller, who had documentary produced by Ms. Alison and based on the Sea Around Us’ been Sea Around Us’ project manager Barrat for the Khaled Bin Sultan Living reconstructed catch time series, Dr. M.L. since 1999, became a professor of Oceans Foundation. The film is titled ‘Deng’ Palomares led the Sea Around Us Marine Conservation at the University of An Ocean Mystery: The Missing Catch. team on a project aimed at performing Western Australia (UWA) and launched This documentary premiered at the over 2,000 stock assessments , the Sea Around Us – Indian Ocean, the Smithsonian National Museum of essentially covering the most important project’s first external ‘branch.’ Natural History and on Smithsonian exploited marine fish and invertebrate Channel on Earth Day 2017. It is now species in the world. Sea Around Us activities at UWA have available online and has gathered a brought attention to the Indian Ocean, dozen awards and thousands of views. The group used the CMSY method an area often neglected in global studies developed by long-time collaborator, but crucial when dealing with food GOLT paper creates some buzz Dr. Rainer Froese, and colleagues. This security, as countries along the Indian In August 2017, Dr. Daniel Pauly and method requires only catch time series Ocean Rim are home to one-third of the Dr. William Cheung (a former Sea as input, along with easy-to-obtain world’s population. Around Us postdoc, now professor ancillary quantitative information, in the Institute for the Oceans and which makes it ideal for determining Dr. Zeller’s appointment helped solidify Fisheries), published the paper “Sound trends in fish biomass in data-poor areas the Sea Around Us’ partnership with physiological knowledge and principles and inform fisheries managers in charge UWA and its Marine Futures Lab led by in modeling shrinking fishes under of establishing catch quotas. Prof. Jessica Meeuwig, as well as with climate change” in Global Change the Minderoo Foundation, one of the Biology. It explained how higher This work allowed the Sea Around unit’s new partners. temperatures, by elevating the oxygen Us team to present, for every ‘Marine requirements of fish, force them to Ecoregion’ and thus every EEZ of the Sea Around Us team UWA remain smaller, as is already occurring in various species.

This obvious inference was based on the fact that fish gills, as a two-dimensional surface, cannot grow as fast as their bodies, i.e., the 3-dimensional volumes that gills supply with oxygen. Hence, the larger fish get, the less oxygen they obtain per unit weight. It is thus no surprise that they must remain smaller when exposed to higher temperatures.

The article, which was based on Dr. Pauly’s Gill-Oxygen-Limitation Theory (GOLT), also attracted a lot of attention from researchers, NGOs and media because of the growing worries about the implication of ocean warming and deoxygenation, and similar processes in

Partners and Donors Bloomberg Philanthropies Marisla Foundation Paul M. Angell Family Foundation Changing Ocean Research Unit Mava Foundation Pew Charitable Trusts Conservation International Minderoo Foundation Rockefeller Foundation David and Lucile Packard Foundation Nereus Program United Nations FishBase and SeaLifeBase Oak Foundation University of Western Australia Fisheries Economics Research Unit Oceana Vulcan Inc. Global Greengrants Fund Paul G. Allen Family Foundation Walk Free Foundation Collaborative papers on fisheries whose fleets rely heavily on government available on the Sea Around Us website, expansion and slavery at sea subsidies, fish far away from home can be viewed at country level, as well “Far from home: distance patterns of ports, and fail to comprehensively report as for Large Marine Ecosystems and global fishing fleets,” was published in their actual catch, tend to fish beyond other geographies, and thus enables Science Advances, and marked the first sustainable limits and are at higher comparative assessments of the collaborative research article between risk of labour abuses. In a vicious cycle, ecosystem impact of fishing, particularly the Sea Around Us at UBC, the Sea such labour abuses become ‘hidden by bottom trawlers. Around Us – Indian Ocean, the Marine subsidies’ that allow those distant-water Futures Lab at UWA, and the Minderoo fishing fleets to remain profitable and This work is being complemented with Foundation. continue their unscrupulous operations. the construction of a global database on fishing effort, as expressed by the The authors mapped the growth and Fisheries catch by gear cumulative power of the engines in the spread of industrial fisheries usingSea An intense effort led by Tim Cashion, fishing fleets of maritime countries, Around Us data and found that heavily- resulted in the world’s fisheries catch ranging from small coastal to large subsidized industrial fishing fleets have disaggregated by major industrial fishing offshore vessels. This database is doubled the distance they travel to gears. This disaggregation, published expected to be made public in 2020. fishing grounds since 1950 but catch in the journal Fisheries Research and only a third of what they did 65 years Sea Around Us team UBC ago per kilometre travelled.

The article received coverage by important media outlets which, together, have a potential audience reach of 30 million people.

The same groups, together with the Walk Free Foundation/Minderoo Foundation, published “Modern slavery and the race to fish” inNature Communications. This garnered massive media coverage and received a score of 320 in Altmetric, meaning it was in the 96th percentile of the nearly 3,000 articles in the journal. By combining fisheries data from theSea Around Us with country-level data on modern slavery from the Walk Free Foundation, the researchers found that countries

Staff and Researchers Faculty Krista Greer Postdoctoral Fellow Daniel Pauly Principal Investigator Lincoln Hood Gabriel Vianna, SAU-IO Dirk Zeller Associate Faculty, SAU - IO Simon-Luc Noel Gordon Tsui Visiting Scientist Staff Rachel White Cui “Elsa” Liang Deng Palomares, Project Manager Jessika Woroniak Dirk Zeller, Project Manager (1999- Courtney Brown (2019) PhD Student Cui “Elsa” Liang (2015-2016) 2017) Tim Cashion (2015-2018) Myriam Khalfallah Maria Ho, Administrative and Financial Angelina Coulter (2015-2018) Lu Zhai Clerk (2014-2017) Darcy Dunstan (2015-2019) Valentina Ruiz Leotaud, Sarah Popov (2015-2018) MSc Students Communications Officer Amy Rose Coghlan (2015-2017) Rebecca Schijns David Geselbracht, Communications Eric Sy (2014-2018) Matthew Ansell SAU-IO Officer (2015-2016) Maeve Winchester (2015-2017) Amy McAlpine SAU - IO Miel Ortiz, Website designer Madeline Cashion (2015-2018) Research Assistants Research Fellows Lucas Brotz Elaine Chu Co-op Students Maria (Deng) Palomares (2001-2017) Brittany Derrick Audrey Zhu (2018-2019) María Frias-Donaghey RC Hernandez (2019) Project Seahorse Project Seahorse is an interdisciplinary and international organisation committed to conservation and sustainable use of the world’s coastal marine ecosystems. It engages in connected research and management at scales ranging from community initiatives to international accords. Collaborating with stakeholders and partners, Project Seahorse use seahorses to focus its efforts in finding marine conservation solutions. Principal Investigator: Dr. Amanda Vincent Highlights Saving seahorses & securing the shallow seas Threatened by non-selective gear and other bad fishing practices, as well as habitat degradation, seahorses are flagship species for a wide range of marine conservation issues. Through biological and social research, management and policy change, field conservation, and citizen science, Project Seahorse is dedicated to ensuring that seahorse populations and their habitats are healthy and well-managed. • Researchers published a monograph on seahorse taxonomy that now serves as the global reference for policy and management (2016). • Project Seahorse obtained the first film footage of seahorse birth in the wild, with 2.39 million views on YouTube (2016). • Dr. Amanda Vincent was one of six finalists for world’s Seahorses (and many other organisms) are incidentally pre-eminent Indianapolis Prize in animal conservation caught in multiple artisanal as well as commercial (2016). fisheries throughout their range - and this is the major • The project completed the first global conservation threat facing them. Even though small numbers are assessments (www.IUCNredlist.org) for all 323 species of caught per unit of effort, the number of individuals taken syngnathid fishes (2017). is substantial. © Sarah Foster/Project Seahorse • Project Seahorse co-hosted the 3rd global SyngBio meeting for researchers and managers engaged with Making trade & fisheries sustainable the Syngnathid family of fishes: seahorses, pipefishes, Project Seahorse team members track the global seahorse pipehorses, and seadragons (2017). trade through a combination of field work and data analysis. • As Chair of the global expert group on syngnathid fishes, In the 1990’s they uncovered the vast geographical and Dr. Vincent established the group’s first strategic plan economic scope of this trade. About 15-20 million seahorses (www.iucn-seahorse.org) (2017). are traded, live and dead, around the world each year. They are • Four toolkits on seahorse conservation in China, Portugal, used in traditional medicine, for display in aquariums, and as Florida (USA), and South Africa, respectively, were created curios. Working with the United Nations’ global agreement, (2017-2018). the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species • iSeahorse, Project Seahorse’s citizen science programme (CITES), they continue to make notable contributions to trade for seahorses (www.iSeahorse.org), reached >400 regulation. Throughout 2015-2018, Project Seahorse: sightings and 12 trends monitoring team globally (2018). • Provided practical policy advice on seahorses for 182 nations, as key advisors to the United Nations Impacts Convention on International Trade • Catalysed creation of Project Seahorse’s 35th no-take marine protected area in Endangered Species; in the Philippines (2016). • Hosted inter-governmental events • Provided the technical and policy input that prompted the near global on (i) connections between illegal closure of legal exports of seahorses, with new suspensions of trade from wildlife trade and illegal fishing and Guinea, Senegal, and Thailand (2016). (ii) implementation of global export • Created breakthroughs in seahorse and marine conservation in China, with controls on marine fishes (2016); gains in professional training, citizen science, spatial planning, advancement Discovered that 95 % of seahorse of protected areas, and outreach (2017). imports to Hong Kong SAR – a major • Supported development of one new marine protected area in each of global centre for wildlife trade - Argentina, Bahamas, and China (2017-2018). reportedly came from countries that had ended exports (2017); AWARDS and HONOURS Amanda Vincent was awarded the Le Cren Medal (Fisheries Society of the British Isles) for outstanding work in conservation, education and outreach (2018).

Amanda Vincent was one of six finalists for world’s pre-eminent Indianapolis Prize in animal conservation (2016)

Amanda Vincent and Xiong Zhang visiting the CITES Authority in Beijing, December 2018. © Amanda Vincent/Project Seahorse Partnerships and • Provided key input on seahorse conservation issues (and more) to technical committees of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species Collaborators (2017-2018); Guylian Belgium Chocolates • Mobilised information on trade bans/suspensions and continuing IUU trade Langar Foundation into a formal CITES document with Decisions that was then submitted by Maldives, Monaco, Sri Lanka and USA (CoP18 Doc. 72) (2018); and, Zoological Society of London • Created a conservation toolkit on bottom trawling in India (2017). Center for Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Portugal Training conservationists & building capacity Chandrakasem Rajabhat University, Under greater pressure than ever before, the world’s oceans need more champions Thailand and more optimists. Project Seahorse is training the next generation of scientists, conservationists, and advocates to stand up for the oceans. To date Project Seahorse Fisheries NSW, Australia has trained 175+ professional conservationists (and ~80 volunteers) around the Hirosaki University, Japan world, with backgrounds ranging from the biological sciences to law to the arts. It also mentors and supports many other colleagues. Knysna Basin Project, South Africa • Dr. Vincent is co-investigator on new NSERC CREATE grant ($1.56 million) for NatureServe, USA Training Our Future Ocean Leaders programme (2016) Oceanario de Lisboa, Portugal • Dr. Vincent was appointed as Chair of the Marine Conservation Committee for the global union of conservation agencies and organizations (IUCN) (2017) Peau-Bleue, France • Dr. Vincent spent a year travelling to support marine conservation projects Research Centre in Biodiversity around the world, providing and Genetic Resources (CIBIO), collegiate contributions in University of Porto, Portugal Argentina, Bahamas, China, France, India, and South Save Our Seahorses Malaysia Africa (2017-2018). South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China State University of Paraíba (UEPB), Brazil The National Scientific and PhD candidate, Tanvi Technical Research Council of Vaidyanathan, standing Argentina (CONICET) by baskets of bycatch University of Tampa, USA destined for chicken feed in Mandapam north, India. Vivekananda College, ©Amanda Vincent/Project Manonmaniam Sundaranar Seahorse University, India Staff and Researchers A Great seahorse (Hippocampus kelloggi) in Prof. Amanda Vincent, Professor black coral, Oman. It is and Director, Project Seahorse traded both live for the Dr. Sarah Foster, Research Associate aquarium trade as well as Dr. Lindsay Aylesworth, PhD dried, for use in traditional student and Research Associate medicine. It is classified as Dr. Sara Lourie, Research Associate Vulnerable on the IUCN Dr. Lucy Woodall, Research Red List for Threatened Associate Species. © John van Lent/ Dr. Tse-Lyn Loh, Postdoctoral Guylian Seahorses of the Fellow World Dr. Xiong Zhang, PhD student, then Postdoctoral Fellow Lily Stanton, Syngnathid Research Biologist Regina Bestbier, Research Biologist and Communications Coordinator Riley Pollom, Syngnathid Research Biologist Scott Finestone, Operations Manager Tyler Stiem, Communications Manager Kyle Gillespie, PhD student Ting-Chun Kuo, PhD student Jennifer Selgrath, PhD student Tanvi Vaidyanathan, PhD student Iwao Fujii, MSc student Clayton Manning, MSc student Allison Stocks, MSc student Measuring dried seahorses in Vietnam. Although CITES has suspended exports Emilie Stump, MSc student of seahorses from Vietnam, they still make up a significant portion of the seahorse stock in the markets of Hong Kong – the world’s largest importer of dried seahorses. Photo by Allison Stocks/Project Seahorse Partners and Donors Aquarium du Quebec, Canada Munich Zoo, Germany Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund NSERC CREATE program Greensboro Science Center, USA Ocean Park Conservation Foundation Hong Kong Guylian Belgian Chocolates Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, USA Herbert W. Hoover Foundation, USA People’s Trust for Endangered Species, UK Indianapolis Zoo, USA Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium, USA International Conservation Fund of Canada (ICFC) Save Our Species International Union for the Conservation of Nature Synchronicity Earth, UK Laguntza Foundation Taiwan Forestry Bureau, COA Langar Foundation, Canada Whitley Fund for Nature Mohamed Bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund Fisheries Stock Assessment Principal Investigator: Dr. Murdoch McAllister

Highlights Bayesian stock assessments evaluation.” The Dr. McAllister undertook research on UBC team led the developing Bayesian stock assessment development of methodologies, and implementations new assessment of those, in collaborations with agency and simulation scientists in Europe, New Zealand, the evaluation models US, and Canada on numerous fisheries in collaboration stock assessments and have led the way with DFO, to the more common implementation industry groups, of Bayesian stock assessment Oceana, and methodologies in fisheries stock SFU academics. assessments. Since 2015, he has led They developed the development of stock assessment and applied new methodologies for fisheries for several modeling software different stocks on the Pacific and to evaluate a Redfish - © Saulius Peleda /Pixabay Atlantic coasts of Canada. Dr. McAllister large variety of different candidate the UBC team had evaluated as desirable was the lead analyst in developing and management methodologies for the for the future management of the applying Bayesian stock assessment fishery. This time industry partners Canadian Atlantic redfish fishery. The methods for DFO assessments of Fraser agreed not to bring in its own stock management procedures considered River Eulachon, and outside waters assessment consultants and strongly had been found to perform acceptably yelloweye rockfish on the Pacific coast, supported the new management in terms of specific conservation and and for Acadian and deepwater Atlantic process and fishery management fishery economic objectives under a redfish on the Atlantic coast. models developed by McAllister’s UBC large variety of plausible hypotheses team. about redfish stock dynamics. DFO is Atlantic redfish fishery currently preparing to implement one Dr. McAllister’s collaborative research In May 2018, DFO and fishing industry of these management procedures to set with the federal Department of groups selected a small subset of the catch limits for the Canadian Atlantic Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO), numerous management options that redfish fishery. The potential economic and Canadian fishing industry organizations on the Canadian Atlantic Vision: The economic, social Mission: redfish fishery led to the mending of a long-standing, and previously welfare, quality of life, and other • Develop innovative modeling adversarial, relationship between DFO overarching benefits derived by tools to: and fishing industry groups on the human communities from fisheries • Analyze numerous types of stock assessment and management of are fostered through the rigorous fishery and ecological data; the Canadian Atlantic redfish fishery. application of scientific research • Improve understanding of Atlantic redfish stock assessments that informs fisheries decision the dynamics of fish and carried out between 2010 and 2016 makers and stakeholders about the fisheries; had been highly contested by industry potential consequences, short-term • Evaluate the potential groups with those groups bringing in and long-term of alternative fisheries consequences of different their own consultants to contest the management approaches. The management options; and DFO assessments of Atlantic redfish. Management recommendations to development of empirically-based • Identify new management keep quotas low had been contested fisheries dynamics models that can options to solve “real world” by industry, which successfully had be applied to evaluate the potential problems. lobbied the Minister of Fisheries to consequences of alternative • Provide basic and advanced keep the catch quota much higher. In management actions is essential to training in modeling and data early 2017, Dr. McAllister undertook developing a rational, objective basis analysis. a new collaborative assessment and for marine resource management • Engage with agencies and management approach to the redfish decisions. stakeholders to improve upon fishery called “management strategy practice. IOF GRADUATE PROGRAM predation and PhD student Rachel Neuenhoff was In addition to his work with ECODIGM, Dr. hatchery releases on first author of the paper “Continued McAllister successfully led the IOF’s proposal Chinook salmon decline of a collapsed population of for two graduate programs, a Masters and PhD in productivity in the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) due Oceans and Fisheries, with final approval given from Pacific Northwest”, to predation-driven Allee effects” the BC Minister of Advanced Education, Skills and published in the published in the Canadian Journal of Training in December 2018. The two programs opened Canadian Journal Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, in 2019. for admission of new graduate students in September, of Fisheries and The research documented in this paper 2019. There was a total of 20 graduate students Aquatic Sciences showed a very strong predator driven registered in the program on its official start date in 2018. The paper Allee effect in the southern Gulf of St. documented research Lawrence cod population, i.e., over the in September 2019, most coming from transfers that found that there past two decades that the average stock into the program from existing programs but was a significant and productivity was negative at low cod with eight new applicants accepted strong negative correlation stock abundances, i.e., below 200,000 directly into the program. between local harbour seal tons. This is despite there being a abundance and Chinook salmon moratorium on the fishery for this productivity in 14 of 20 stocks stock and bycatch being held at a very value of landings from this fishery investigated. In contrast no significant low level over the past three decades within the next decade is forecasted to negative correlations between Chinook since the fishery closed. Applying field run at about $20-40 million per year. salmon productivity and salmon observations of gray seal predation on hatchery releases in all twenty stocks overwintering mature cod from this In addition, a 1.5 year management was found. The analysis predicted stock, the analyses showed that marked strategy evaluation that Dr. McAllister that, on average, that the maximum increases in predation from gray seals led from 2016-2018 to evaluate sustainable yield for Chinook salmon since the 1980s could explain the very candidate management procedures for stocks has declined by 74 percent in large observed increases in cod natural the Gulf of St. Lawrence and Laurentian association with the observed 10-fold mortality rates and the continued Channel Atlantic redfish fishery increase in harbour seal abundance in decline in abundance of this cod stock passed peer review in April 2018. DFO the Salish Sea since 1970. since the 1990s. considers the results as setting a new fishery management policy for this fishery. A journal article based on this collaboration was published in the Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences in October 2019.

Pinniped abundance PhD students supervised by Dr. McAllister investigated the potential impacts of the several-fold increase in pinniped abundance on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of Canada. This research resulted in the publication of high quality journal articles that provide some of the most scientifically rigorous evaluations yet of the hypothesis that predation by pinnipeds has markedly increased natural mortality rates and reduced productivity and sustainable fishery yields of important commercial fish stocks on Canada’s Pacific and Atlantic coasts. PhD student Ben Nelson was first author of the paper “Effects of harbour seal Harbour seal - © Skeeze/Pixabay Onward and upward - training the Dr. Nathan Taylor (postdoc, 2007-2010), next generation of experts was hired as a biologist by DFO in 2010 Staff and Researchers Many of the PhD students and post- and in 2015 became Acting section head of the Marine Ecosystems and Roberto Licandeo doctoral researchers trained and (PhD Candidate. Oceans and Aquaculture Division. In 2018 he was supervised by Dr. McAllister have been Fisheries) successful in applying for research hired as bycatch coordinator at ICCAT in and analyst positions within agencies Madrid. Dr. Divya Varkey (postdoc, 2011- responsible for natural resource 2017), was hired as a research scientist Ben Nelson management. These include Fisheries at the DFO St. Johns Laboratory in 2017. (PhD Candidate. Zoology) and Oceans Canada, the Pacific Drs. Catarina and Shannon Obradovich Salmon Commission, the International (supervisor for PhDs) were hired into Sarah Hawkshaw Commission for the Conservation of stock assessment analyst positions with (PhD Candidate. Oceans and Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT), the UK Game DFO in 2018. Sarah Hawkshaw (current Fisheries) and Wildlife Conservation Trust, and the PhD student), was hired as a stock US Corps of Army Engineers. Dr. Robin assessment analyst by the DFO Institute Aaron Greenberg Forrest (postdoc, 2008-9), was hired as of Ocean Science in 2017. Dr. Tom (PhD Candidate. Zoology) a research scientist with DFO in 2010, Carruthers (PhD supervisor at Imperial and in 2016 became a section head of a College London, and research associate Rachel Neuenhoff new Quantitative Assessment Methods 2010-2015), was hired as an Assistant (PhD Candidate. Zoology) Section at the Pacific Biological Station. Professor at UBC in 2017. Hanbyeol Jang (PhD Candidate. Oceans and Fisheries)

Vania Henriquez (PhD Candidate. Oceans and Fisheries)

Partnerships Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) Redfish scientists, Fisheries Modeling and stock Assessment Unit, Mont Joli, Quebec Yokohama National Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) Pelagic Fisheries Yokohama, Japan. Scientists, Pacific Fisheries Modeling and Stock Assessment Unit, Sekai Biological Station, Nanaimo, BC National Fisheries Research Institute, Nagasaki, Japan. Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) Stock Assessment Fisheries Modeling and Stock assessment unit, Research Scientists, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Sciences, St. Johns, Newfoundland. Wellington, New Zealand. The Canadian Wildlife Service, Pacific Region, Delta, BC. US Army Corps of Engineers, Oregon. BC Ministry of the Environment, Applied Freshwater Finnish Game and Fisheries Research Institute, Finland. Ecology Unit, UBC, Vancouver Campus. Game and Wildlife Conservation Trust, Fordingbridge, UK. Carruthers Lab Dr. Tom Carruthers joined IOF as an Assistant Professor in 2017. In that time his lab has established a research network and tools for eco-certification (MSC) and status determination (UN FAO) for the majority of the world’s fisheries. Through their developments in Management Strategy Evaluation and state-of-the- art population assessment, the small team is arguably one of the most advanced applied fishery modelling units in the world. Principal Investigator: Dr. Tom Carruthers Highlights Online decision making tool Fishery system models In partnership with the Marine The Lab published an online repository Partners and Donors Stewardship Council and the UN Food of complete fishery system models that The Marine Stewardship Council and Agricultural Organization, the have supported and will continue to The UN Food and Agricultural Carruthers Lab published the Method support peer reviewed publications on Administration Evaluation and Risk Assessment fishery management solutions. (MERA) online tool to support decision More Information: NSERC Discovery grant making in all fisheries. MERA is the http://www.datalimitedtoolkit.org/ Department of Fisheries and Oceans culmination of more than 15 person- fishery_library/ Collaborative Research Projects years of software development (DLMtool, MSEtool) and is the first Natural Resources Defense Fund theoretically rigorous tool to inform fishery managers on research gaps, most cost-effective data collection Mission: To bring strategic, transparent and accountable decision protocols, the best resource assessment making to fisheries management. type. MERA also provides state-of- the-art stock status determination for fisheries in the full spectrum of Trout catch - © Skeeze/Pixabay data-poor to data-rich. MERA is in beta testing but will go ‘live’ in early 2020 for use in fishery improvement projects, seafood certification (MSC) and status determination (FAO). Beta version: http://142.103.48.20:3838/MERA_2/

BC recreational trout fishery In a breakthrough in fishery systems modelling, the Carruthers Lab published the first relatively complete, empirically derived, landscape-scale, Social-Ecological Systems model for the $1bn BC recreational trout fishery (Carruthers, T.R., et al. 2018. Landscape- scale social and ecological outcomes of dynamic angler and fish behaviors: processes, data and patterns. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 2019, 76(6): 970-988).

Staff and Researchers Dr. Tom Carruthers Dr. Adrian Hordyk Dr. Quang Huynh (Principal Investigator, Assistant (Postdoctoral fellow) (Postdoctoral fellow) Professor) Policy for Restoration of Ecosystems and Fisheries (PERF) Principal Investigator: Dr. Tony Pitcher

Highlights Mission: To foster analysis seabirds) with different functions Pacific Herring supporting in policy that within marine ecosystems. The There is a pressing need to understand can lead to the restoration of Roundtable’s goal was to develop the pivotal role of low-trophic level ecosystems and their fisheries. policy recommendations for herring or forage fish in social-ecological management and governance and systems. In British Columbia, Pacific compose a synthesis paper that in BC marine ecosystems, aboriginal herring feed marine mammals, addresses the ethical dilemmas that communities, and commercial fisheries. seabirds and fish, and compete with ensue from herring’s provisioning role The full series is on display at the zooplanktivores, such that any changes for both humans and ecosystems. Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries. to herring biomass ripple through the entire food web. Moreover, herring PERF also hosted an International supply both commercial and First Research Roundtable in 2016 that Partners and Donors Nations fisheries. Improved ecological focused on the ethical challenges of NSERC science of herring requires ecosystem- herring food webs and value chains. based analysis and integration of this Peter Wall Institute Herring food webs connect diverse fishery’s strong ecological and human ecological species (e.g., euphausiids, MITACS impacts. PERF partnered with the copepods, finfish, whales, seals, and Council of Haida Nation and Heiltsuk Council of the Haida Nation First Nation, for whom herring are Skipper Otto Seafood embedded in traditional culture, to undertake innovative ecosystem- Staff and Researchers based initiatives to advance forage fish science, perform ecosystem modelling Principal Investigator Graduate students of herring management scenarios with Dr. Tony Pitcher Sahir Advani, PhD student participatory research, and explore the Jamie Slogan, PhD student integration of traditional values and Szymon Surma, PhD student ethics with scientific principles. Research Associate Dr Mimi Elizabeth Lam Nicolas Talloni, PhD student One activity that informed these values Jeffrey Scott, MSc student was a serigraph series, produced by Postdoctoral fellows Haida artist April White, called “Herring Dr Rajeev Kumar People”. These serigraphs highlight Dr Wade Smith the importance of Pacific herring’s role Herring People - Humpback whale - © April White 2016 Global Ocean Modelling Focusing on the development of a spatial model of the global ocean to support informed policy and management decisions, Global Ocean Modelling participates in the development of the Ecopath with Ecosim approach and software. Principal Investigator: Dr. Villy Christensen ECOPATH The unit serves as a central hub for the Ecopath Research and Development Consortium for which Principal Investigator, Dr. Villy Christensen, serves as Executive Board Chair.

The Consortium has the following members, 1. Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft Laboratory (UK); Staff and researchers: 2. Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas Instituto Politécnico Nacional Principal Investigator (Mexico); Villy Christensen, PhD 3. Ecology Department, The Scottish Association for Marine Science (UK); 4. Ecopath International Initiative research association (Spain); Postdoctoral fellows 5. ESSA Technologies (Canada); Vijay Kumar, PhD 6. Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu (Estonia); 7. Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economy, The Arctic University of Norway Graduate students (Norway); Abdulrahman Ben-Hasan, PhD 8. FishBase Information and Research Group (Philippines); candidate 9. Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Center, Agrocampus ouest, institute for life, food Abdulrahman Ben-Hasan, MSc and horticultural sciences and landscaping (France); (2017) 10. Fisheries Service of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (USA); Danielle Edwards, PhD candidate 11. Institute for Research and Development (France); 12. Instituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale (Italy); Patricia Woodruff, PhD candidate 13. Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University (Turkey); 14. Institute of Marine Science, Spanish National Research Council (Spain); Santiago de la Puente, PhD student 15. Iranian national institute for oceanography and atmospheric science (Iran); & Ocean Leaders Fellow 16. Joint Research Centre, Ispra (Italy); Santiago de la Puente, MSc (2017) 17. Kinneret Limnological Laboratory, Migdal (Israel); 18. Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l’Environnement, University Greig Oldford, PhD student & Ocean of Perpignan (France); Leaders Fellow 19. Louisiana State University (USA); 20. M-expertise marine (Canada); Carolina Lang, MSc student & 21. Marine Research Institute, Klaipėda University (Lithuania); Ocean Leaders Fellow 22. Texas A&M University Corpus Christi (USA); 23. The Potomac Environmental Research and Education Center, George Mason Key collaborators University (USA); Joe Buszowski, consultant 24. Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (Spain); Marta Coll, PhD 25. Universidade de São Paulo (Brazil); Jeroen Steenbeek, MSc 26. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil); Carl Walters, PhD 27. University of Cape Town (South Africa); and 28. University of South Florida (USA).

Vision: Advancing ecosystem-based fisheries management in the global ocean.

Mission: Develop research that supports policy making, including through the Ecopath with Ecosim approach and software (www.ecopath.org) Marine Zooplankton and Micronekton Laboratory Through active field data collection and modelling, the Marine Zooplankton and Micronekton Laboratory focuses on understanding marine ecosystems’ structure and function, physical-biological interactions, biogeochemical coupling, active carbon transport, and ecosystem responses to climate change. The research spans species ecology from plankton to fish to food webs covering water column processes in the world ocean from the North Pacific to the Southern Ocean. Principal Investigator: Dr. Evgeny Pakhomov Highlights Antarctic Krill present) and spatial retrospective Plankton and the biological pump Dr. Pakhomov undertook trophic analysis of length frequency data sets of This research covered poorly studied ecophysiology, life cycles, and Antarctic krill in the Southern Ocean. groups of zooplankton and nekton in demography research on Antarctic the pelagic and demersal food webs. (Euphausia superba) and Antarctic Eddy Pump and Under Sea Ice Main achievements included: neritic (Euphausia crystallorophias) habitat projects • mapping macroplankton and micronekton distribution; krill. Fundamental advances were Research here focused on • studying community dynamics on made in the fields of the large–scale understanding the contribution of meso- and macro-scales as well as in distribution, stock assessment, long- metazoan zooplankton to the carbon relation to major frontal systems; term variation, demography (growth, sequestration in the Southern Ocean. • producing daily ration estimates for mortality, longevity, reproduction, The main emphasis given to pelagic major carnivorous zooplankton and recruitment), daily rations, contribution tunicates. In particular, the ecology of micronekton species and groups, of autotrophic and heterotrophic food the Antarctic pelagic tunicate was re- including mesopelagic fish, arrow sources to the diet, individual and evaluated with regard to their horizontal worms, jellyfish, euphausiids, population grazing impacts of two key distribution that identified their ctenophores; stone euphausiid species (larval stages southward shift during the past century. • understanding the importance and adults) within the coastal and open This was one of the first elemental and of each group in the regional and ocean high Antarctic ecosystems. ecophysiological studies, helping to re- evaluate tunicate functional Dr. Pakhomov was part of the team importance in the Antarctic that created and published the unique pelagic ecosystem. data base (KRILLBASE) with the unprecedented temporal (1926 till

At sea - © Evgeny Pakhomov Research on board - © Evgeny Pakhomov seasonal carbon transfer from surface layers to the deep ocean; • completing a comprehensive analysis of demersal fish community structure and feeding ecology in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean.

Marine-terrestrial interactions in sub-Antarctic island systems Dr. Pakhomov’s research contributed to the development and understanding of the ‘life-support system’ of the sub-Antarctic Prince Edward Island ecosystem, which is ultimately dependant on allochthonous food supply and culminated in creation of the detailed PEIs ecosystem model.

Forage fish science Pakhomov’s undertook research to advance the understanding the ecosystem role of Pacific herring in coupled social-ecological systems. Labwork - © Evgeny Pakhomov This study, undertaken with the PERF Staff and researchers research unit, focused on collaborative MSc students solutions for Haida herring fisheries. Partnerships Yago Doson Coll The missing link NIWA (New Zealand) Yulia Egorova The Micronekton lab undertook a British Antarctic Survey (UK) Lian Kwong marine ecosystem assessment to Natalie Mahara Alfred Wegener Institute evaluate how zooplankton rates Samantha James constrain fisheries and phytoplankton (Germany) biomass. Vanessa Fladmark University of South Wales (Australia) PhD students Joanne Breckenridge Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) - © Evgeny Pakhomov Yulia Egorova Lian Kwong Yulia Kuzmenko Florian Lüskow

Technicians Vanessa Fladmark Marina Espinasse

Postdoctoral Fellows Boris Espinasse Natasha Henscke

Research Associates Brian Hunt Mimi Lam

Visiting Scientist Dr. Yongqiang Shi Pelagic Ecosystems Laboratory Principal Investigator: Dr. Brian Hunt

Highlights Canada C3 expedition Canada C3 expedition Dr. Hunt was the chief scientist on two legs of the Canada 150 anniversary C3 expedition (Sep-Oct 2017). While on board, Dr. Hunt managed the integrated data collection for ocean and terrestrial systems in British Columbia. In addition, he was the lead communicator of C3 science to BC coastal communities.

Krill life history Dr. Hunt co-authored a new formulation of krill life history in the pack ice zone that revises understandings of how krill will respond to warming oceans and sea-ice decline .

Hakai Coastal Initiative Marine Food Webs Working Group microbial phytoplankton, protozoa, received extensive international media The Hakai Coastal Initiative’s Marine zooplankton, and fish. This research coverage. Food Webs Working Group is a initiative is poised to significantly collaborative research unit that aims advance our understanding of how DEWEX program to understand how marine food webs marine food webs operate, and how Dr. Hunt completed three pivotal operate, with a particular focus on they will respond to changing ocean contributions to the DEWEX program British Columbia’s coastal ocean. conditions. (DEep Water formation Experiment) The group hired two dedicated resolving the response of plankton postdoctoral fellows to assist with the Jellyfish and drones communities to deep-water formation research, which has a strong focus on Dr. Hunt and his team worked on in the west Mediterranean Sea. understanding connections between mapping marine resources using aerial the planktonic organisms that form drones to map jellyfish blooms along Salish Sea’s Southern Resident the base of the food web, including the the Pacific coast. The story and video Killer Whale population connections between viruses, bacteria, about this innovative use of aerial tools With the Marine Mammal Research Unit, the Pelagic Ecosystems Lab successfully applied to the Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada for the project “Impacts of marine ecosystem variability on the Southern Resident Killer Whale population in the Salish Sea.” This $1.1million research grant will be used to examine how changes in the food web in areas of the Southern Resident Killer Whale affect the abundance and quality of Chinook salmon.

Coastal Rainforest Margin Network The lab led Workshop 2 of the Coastal Rainforest Margin Network: Marine- terrestrial interactions in the Pacific Temperate Coastal Rainforest domain. Coastal research - © Brian Hunt Partnerships British Columbia Pteropods and Interactions With Warming. Hakai Institute: Dr. Hunt partnered with the Hakai Institute through three Hakai In partnership with the Southern California Coastal Initiative working groups: Coastal Water Research Project. 1. Food Webs; 2. Ocean productivity; and DEWEX (DEep Water formation 3. Riverine Coastal Domain. Experiment). Partnership with 62 international scientists primarily from He is the Principal Investigator of the Hakai Institute Juvenile Salmon Program French laboratories (LOMIC, CEFREM, and collaborates in their Ocean Observing Program. Dr. Hunt also partnered with LEGOS, MIO, LOV, LOG, LOCEAN, LA, Hakai Institute on two Mitacs grants. DTINSU, CNRM-GAME, IMAGE, LSCE- IPSL, CEREGE) researching the biological Pacific Salmon Foundation: Dr. Hunt is a member of the Salish Sea Marine response of deep-water formation in the Survival Project Synthesis Committee, and partners with PSF on a Mitacs grant. west Mediterranean Sea. Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO): Dr. Hunt works in partnership with numerous DFO researchers on projects in BC: Jar of collected krill ©Brian Hunt • Dr. Ian Perry (IOS/PBS) – Plankton Food Webs; • Dr. Ian Forster (WVL) – Plankton food webs and salmon ecology; • Dr. Chrys Neville (PBS) - Plankton food webs and salmon ecology; and • Dr. Jennifer Boldt (PBS) - Forage fish ecology.

Wuikinuxv First Nation: The Lab monitored sockeye salmon health in Rivers Inlet.

K’omoks Nation: The Lab has developed a partnership with the K’omoks Nation on a field program measuring microplastics baselines in Baynes Sound.

Association of Denman Island Marine Stewards: Developed a partnership on a field program measuring microplastics baselines in Baynes Sound.

Canada Dr. Hunt was the chief scientist on two legs of the Canada 150 anniversary C3 expedition. This research voyage was undertaken in partnership with multiple organizations in planning and implementation, including: Staff and researchers • Students on Ice Foundation; • Canadian Museum (Ottawa); and Postdoctoral Fellows • Department of Fisheries and Oceans (Halifax). David Costalago Hayley Dosser International Boris Espinasse Coastal Rainforest Margins Network: Dr Hunt is a Steering committee member Jessica Garzke of the National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network, in Fernanda Giannini Colo partnership with researchers from the Alaska Rainforest Center, University of Caterina Rodriguez Giner Alaska, and University of Washington. Jacqueline Maud Wade Smith International Year of the Salmon: In partnership with the North Pacific Anadromous Fish Commission and researchers from its member countries (USA, Graduate Students Russia, Japan, Korea). Vanessa Fladmark, MSc student Caroline Graham, MSc student Transient memories: Deep-sea coral record of upwelling around the Maldives, in partnership with researchers from the University of Western Australia, University Samantha James, MSc student of Queensland, University of Rhode Island, and Nanyang Technological Yuliya Kuzmenko, PhD student University. Jessica Schaub, MSc student Thomas Smith, MSc student MOBYDICK (Marine Ecosystem Biodiversity and Dynamics of Carbon around Kerguelen: an integrated View) In partnership with the French National Research Technician Agency and researchers at the University of Aix Marseille. Lauren Portner, Research Technician Synthesis Group: Thresholds of Ocean Acidification Impacts on Calcifying Statistical Ecology Research Group Principal Investigator: Dr. Marie Auger-Méthé

Highlights Mission: The Statistical Ecology Research Group works to support Arctic Research improved conservation and management of aquatic ecosystems by filling Four research projects focused on arctic gaps in knowledge of the behaviour, population dynamics, movement, ecosystems were undertaken. As part of and space-use of aquatic animals and developing tools that will help a longer-term collaboration with Mark predict how they will be affected by rising human pressures. Mallory (Acadia University) on arctic seabirds, the group started a study to understand the migratory patterns of Arctic terns and to identify key areas for their conservation. The second project focused on methods to understand the foraging ecology of arctic mammals, specifically it aimed to understand the relationships between the foraging behaviour of polar bears and narwhals, how the behaviour of each species responded to environmental factors, and how this information could be linked to individual fitness and the risks associated with environmental change. The third project focused on the relationship between ringed seals Polar bear - © Annie Spratt/Unsplash and polar bears, and how it is influenced for ecologists on methods to fit and by changing sea ice regimes. It also assess them. This effort is also tied to involved developing models and the group’s work on stock assessment (with Drs. Ruth Joy and Dominic collaborating with local communities to modelling with Dr. Andrew Edwards Tollit, SMRU consulting) for DFO incorporate local priorities into wildlife (DFO) and as a member of the Canadian (Dr. Sheila Thornton) who will use it management, and to identify critical Statistical Sciences Institute working in management of the population. habitat. The fourth project focused on group. It helped Dr. Andrew Trites and understanding the habitat use of three his team (Scott Hinch, Brian Hunt, ice seal species (ringed seals, bearded Southern Resident Killer Whale Nancy Heckman, and others) secured seals, and spotted seal) in Alaska, with Research funding (NSERC & DFO-Whale Science its primary goal to integrate movement The group developed a new statistical for tomorrow). Their work focused data with traditional knowledge. method to integrate multiple data on understanding the movement sources to infer the spatial distribution behaviour of both species. Integrating Traditional Knowledge of southern resident killer whales and Western Scientific Data Through work, funded, amongst others, by the North Pacific Research Board Partnerships Core Program and the Marine Mammal Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) Commission, the group worked to integrate Bayesian statistical methods Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) with local and aboriginal traditional South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute (SAERI) knowledge into fully formed models. SMRU Consulting Canadian Statistical Sciences Institute Collaboration on State-Space Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Models Canada Research Chair Program (CRC) The group organized an international Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI) workshop on new developments in state-space models at Casa Matemática North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) Oaxaca, Mexico. Dr. Auger-Méthé led Marine Mammal Commission (MMC) the writing of extensive review on state Fish & Wildlife Compensation Program space models with practical advice Kenneth M Molson Foundation Falkland Island Gentoo Penguin Project The group’s first field-based project since starting at UBC, involved two field seasons in the Falkland Islands. Data collection and sample processing is now complete, with analysis and manuscript preparation in progress. This work was heavily featured in the media (Global News, Vancouver Sun, etc.).

Gentoo penguins - © Sarah Dier-McComb

Partners and Donors Impacts Fisheries and Oceans Canada • The group’s research and projects focused on Molson Foundation building collaborations with local communities in BC Knowledge Development Fund order to integrate their knowledge and priorities into ecological inference and management decisions. NSERC - Canada Research Chairs Program • Through contracts and collaborative research NSERC – Discovery Grant Program projects with government scientists and decision NSERC – Northern Supplement makers the group is collecting data and developing NSERC – Research Tools and Instruments Grants tools that will directly inform management Program decisions. This will have direct impacts at the local NSERC & Fisheries and Oceans Canada – Whale and national level. Science for Tomorrow • The group’s involvement with the COSEWIC Marine Fish & Wildlife Compensation Program Mammal Specialist Subcommittee helps assess the Canada Foundation for Innovation – John R. Evans status of at risk wildlife species and provide advice Leaders Fund to the Minister of Environment and Climate Change Canada. North Pacific Research Board – Core program UBC – Grants for Catalyzing Clusters British Ecological Society – Special Interest Group Staff and researchers Annual Funding Marie Auger-Méthé, Assistant Professor Canadian Statistical Sciences Institute - Collaborative Rowenna Gryba, PhD student Research Team Katie Florko, PhD student Canadian Institute of Ecology & Evolution – Thematic Joe Watson, PhD student Program (Working Groups) Ron Togunov, PhD student Banff International Research Station & Casa Joanna Wong, MSc student Matemática Oaxaca Sarah Dier-McComb, MSc student Marine Mammal Research Unit (MMRU) The Marine Mammal Research Unit conducts research to enhance marine mammal conservation and reduce conflicts with human uses of our shared oceans. Graduate student participation and training is central to the success of its program. Principal Investigator: Dr. Andrew Trites Highlights BC Marine Mammal Symposium In 2016, MMRU live-streamed the BC Marine Mammal Symposium to over 2,000 viewers from over 50 countries, who were able to ask questions of the presenters in real time. It made BC research accessible to the public and allowed people to understand its importance. MMRU has continued to live-stream the symposium every year since and has attracted an audience far larger than could ever have been accommodated in a single room at UBC.

Open Water Research Station In 2017, the MMRU’s Open Water Research Station celebrated its 10 year anniversary. This floating laboratory is at the centre of a ground- breaking scientific collaboration that has significantly advanced understanding of how nutritionally stressed Steller sea lions forage in the wild. Through a long-term partnership with the Vancouver Aquarium, the station has a small cohort of trained Steller sea lions who are able to access open ocean, without any physical restraints or barriers. The Trained sea lion program is staffed with full-time animal care professionals who are primarily concerned with the health and welfare of the animals, allowing the scientific teams to stay focused on Coast-to-Coast Research experimental design and analysis, and to make the best use of MMRU has undertaken marine mammal research in the their time with the animals. Pacific, Arctic, and Atlantic Oceans and is internationally recognized for its productivity, novel research approaches, In 2017, some of the sea lions moved to the Vancouver development of new technologies, and ability to solve Aquarium’s new Steller’s Bay exhibit, which was designed to difficult ecological problems. Its research-intensive and highlight the research conducted at the Open Water station. interdisciplinary approach has established UBC as a world leader in marine mammal research.

Collaborative & unbiased research MMRU has a reputation for working with all stakeholders (fisheries, NGO’s, ecotourism, industry, First Nations, and government) to undertake collaborative research and provide unbiased, independent insight and advice.

Unique in Canada MMRU is the only university-based group of researchers in Canada specialized in teaching and training graduate students to undertake marine mammal research. UBC is the only Canadian university with a dedicated marine mammal research program.

Vancouver Aquarium’s Steller’s Bay Awards and Honours

In June 2018. Dr. Trites was awarded the Timothy R. Parsons Medal, by Fisheries and Oceans Canada, for distinguished contributions towards ocean science.

Dr. Trites was given the UBC Faculty of Science’s 2018 Alumni Builder Award for his leadership, passion, advocacy, and long-standing dedication to the multidisciplinary facets of environmental education, conservation, and ocean sciences.

Dr. David Rosen received the Honorary Life Member Award from the Comparative Dr. Andrew Trites receives the Parsons Award from Andrew Stewart, Fisheries and Nutrition Society in 2018. Oceans Canada.

Killer whales - © Skeeze/Pixabay

Staff and Researchers Faculty Andrew Trites (Professor) David Rosen (Assistant Professor)

Staff Pamela Rosenbaum (Administrator) Mei Sato (Research Associate) Renee LaRoi (Web Designer) Partners and Donors Alaska SeaLife Center NCE MEOPAR Research Assistants Department of Fisheries and NPRB Rebecca Barrick Oceans NSERC ReNewZoo Brianna Cairns Hakai Institute Ocean Foundation Cody Carlyle Kintama Research Ocean Wise Johanna Fee Mazuri Pacific Salmon Foundation Alessandra Gentile MITACS Rob Marshall Port of Vancouver Brandon Russell NOAA Vancouver Aquarium Rhea Storlund North Coast Brewing Vancouver Foundation Fisheries Economics Research Unit (FERU) FERU strives for interdisciplinary solutions to global, national, and local marine and freshwater management issues. It focuses on economic and policy analysis and mobilize researchers, students, and practitioners to advance resource management for the benefit of current and future generations, while maintaining ‘healthy’ ecosystems. Principal Investigator: Dr. Rashid Sumaila Highlights OceanCanada Partnership the first substantial high seas marine billions of dollars annually of fishers’ A major project of FERU is the protected area was declared in 2017 and revenues, seafood workers’ income, OceanCanada Partnership, a 7-year the UN is currently working on a new and household seafood expenditure. SSHRC-funded research partnership framework for managing the high seas. Further, 75% of maritime countries that is comprised of 22 formal research would benefit while ~ 90% of protected partners, including universities Economics of climate change catch occurs within developing country from coast to coast, community impacts marine biodiversity waters. Thus, implementing the Paris organizations, and Fisheries and Climate change is driving shifts in the Agreement could prove to be crucial Oceans Canada. OceanCanada supports distribution of fish stocks towards areas for the future of the world’s ocean sixty-two highly qualified students with cooler environments, generally ecosystems and economies. and postdoctoral fellows from various in higher latitude or deeper waters. In universities. The partnership held six particular, distribution shifts in fish Economic valuation and public outreach sessions on issues for stocks that straddle between national intergenerational discounting oceans and fisheries through its speaker jurisdictions or Exclusive Economic To support large-scale valuation work series from 2015 to 2018. Members of Zones are challenging transboundary by researchers worldwide, FERU the OceanCanada partnership produced fisheries management. FERU, in embarked on building global fisheries over 300 project-related publications collaboration with CORU, has been at related socio-economic databases and close to 400 project-related the forefront of global research on how such as ex-vessel fish prices, fisheries presentations and were mentioned in climate change is likely to affect people subsidies; global cost of fishing; and 349 media stories during that same time and marine ecosystems. For example, fisheries jobs databases (e.g.,Frontiers period. using an ensemble of climate-marine in Marine Science 2017; Marine Policy ecosystem and economic models, they 2016); These databases are now part Turn the high seas into a Fish Bank explored the effects of implementing of the global ocean and fisheries for the world by banning fishing the Agreement on fish, fishers and data infrastructure, used to conduct About 58 percent of the ocean is legally seafood consumers worldwide. They scholarly work worldwide. FERU also defined as high seas, i.e., areas beyond find that implementing the Agreement pioneered the study of what is denoted national waters, also called Exclusive could protect millions of tonnes in ‘intergenerational discounting’ in a Economic Zones (EEZs). FERU and annual worldwide catch of top revenue series of papers (e.g., J. Environmental collaborators have been making generating fish species, as well as Economics and Management, 2015). contributions to the literature on high seas marine protected areas since the mid-2000s (Marine Ecology Progress Series, 2007). Recent contributions by FERU, in collaboration with the SAU, have spurred the debate on how best to manage the high seas. In a series of papers starting in 2007, the unit argued that by turning the high seas into a fish bank for the world we would improve marine biodiversity, increase economic benefits and promote a fairer distribution of these benefits to all maritime countries (e.g. Scientific Reports 2015; and Science Advances 2018). This call to action to protect the high seas is beginning to have an impact – FERU group get-together, December 2018 Awards Dr. Sumaila received the following awards and honours: 2018 Murray A. Newman Research Award, Coastal Ocean Research Institute UBC President’s Award for Public Education Through Media Appointed Member of High-Level Panel on Building a Sustainable Ocean Economy 2017 Volvo Environment Prize Peter Benchley Award - Excellence in Science

2016 Killam Research Prize in Science Hokkaido University Ambassador (2016 – 2022)

The approach explicitly incorporates the perspectives of Dr. Sumaila receives 2017 Volvo Environment Prize both current and future generations, as argued for by Pigou [Pigou, A.C., 1920. The Economics of Welfare 1952 (4th edition), London: Macmillan] and Ramsey [Ramsey, F.P., 1928. A mathematical theory of saving, Econ. J., 38 543–559], and is required by most national and international laws related to Staff and Researchers the use of these resources. Rashid Sumaila, Doctoral Students Global fisheries subsidies and sustainability professor and Principal Tim Cashion FERU’s contributions to the fisheries subsidies debate started Investigator John Driscoll in the early 2000s and continues unabated. They embarked Edward Gregr on a big effort to develop a transparent source of fisheries data Staff Sarah Harper and analyses on the scope, types, impacts and amounts of Anne Marie Goodfellow, Isaac Jonas fisheries subsidies worldwide (e.g.,Marine Policy 2016). A key OceanCanada Juliano Palacios goal was to support the work of the World Trade Organization, Coordinator Abrantes which had just been mandated by the world to reach an Duncan Burnside, Web/ Travis Tai agreement among nations to ‘discipline’ harmful subsidies. Data Manager Nicholas Talloni Alvarez FERU, in collaboration with SAU, created a ‘living’ global Sandra Ignagni, Allison Witter fisheries subsidies database, which is currently considered the most comprehensive in the world. The database formed OceanCanada Rebecca Singleton the basis for deriving findings such as approximately 86% Coordinator (2015-2016) Hongsik Kim of the total subsidies to the fishing sector goes to large scale industrial fisheries Marine( Policy 2017); this large imbalance Research Associates & Master’s Students makes small scale fisheries, which are important for the Postdoctoral Fellows Darah Gibson food security of coastal communities, less viable (Ecological Juan Jose Alava Andrea Haas Economics 2016); and demonstrated that buyback subsidies, Nathan Bennett Nathan Bendriem i.e., subsidies used to buy out fishing vessels in an overfished Dana Miller Raphael Roman fisheries, if anticipated by fishers, will generally have a Andres Cisneros- negative effect on economic performance and resource Montemayor conservation. FERU’s work has made UBC the place to go for scientific information and insights on fisheries subsidies by Rob Parker high level institutions such as the Canadian Parliament, the Anna Schuhbauer EU, the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries, the Louise Teh WTO, the World Bank, and the United Nations. Lydia Teh Dr. Sumaila with Her Excellency Susi Pudjiastuti Minister of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Republic of Indonesia at 2016 Our Oceans Conference

Managing shared and transboundary fish stocks Shared fisheries involve fish that are caught in the marine waters of more than one country, or in the high seas. FERU analysis shows that these fisheries are the source of over 50% of the global catch (Mar Ecol Prog Ser 2015). FERU continues to explore the optimal management of shared fish stock fisheries such as those for cod and capelin and tuna stocks when different fishing gears are used to target different age groups of the stock. These articles provided insights on how best to set catch quotas for different interacting species and fishing sectors in order to optimize benefits while ensuring the long term sustainability of these important fish stocks Game( Theory and Fisheries: Essays on the Tragedy of Free Partners and Donors for All Fishing, Routledge, 2013). FERU ADM Foundation Hong Kong Oceana Canada also explores how climate change is ARCTIConnexion Pew Charitable Trusts likely to affect both the economics and management of shared fish stocks (e.g., Belmont Forum Port Metro Vancouver Science, 2015). Blue Water Foundation Rhodes University Canadian Rivers Institute Saint Mary’s University Student awards Canadian Parks and Wilderness Simon Fraser University Two FERU students receved SSHRC Society T. Buck Suzuki Environmental Doctoral scholarships: Sarah Harper (2014-2017) and Tim Cashion (2017- Carleton University Foundation 2021). Harper also won the 2018 Council of the Haida Nation United Nations University Institute Biodiversity Research Integrative Dalhousie University for Water, Environment and Health Training and Education and IOF Student Duke University University of British Columbia Society Travel Award. Ecotrust Canada University of Cape Town Fisheries and Oceans Canada University of Guelph Friends of Port Mouton Bay University of Manitoba First Nations Fishery Council University of Victoria International Centre for Trade and University of Waterloo Sustainable Development University of Winnipeg Living Oceans Society World Wildlife Fund Canada & Mackenzie Fujisawa LLP Hong Kong McMaster University World Bank Memorial University of Vancity Newfoundland Ocean Wise Conservation Association Changing Oceans Research Unit (CORU) Studying the effects of global climate and ocean changes on marine ecosystems, biodiversity, and fisheries, CORU’s researchers integrate multidisciplinary datasets and information across scales and domains and facilitate democratization of knowledge through innovative partnerships, capacity building and outreach initiatives. The unit applies and develops scenarios and models to understand the dynamics of changing oceans and ecosystems. Highlights Principal Investigator: Dr. William Cheung Multidisciplinary datasets • Spatial Data and Analysis Workshop, Vision: To predict future CORU has created and updated several Fall 2016. The Biodiversity Research oceans under climate change. global datasets of different variables Centre and the Institute for the during the reported period. These tasks Oceans and Fisheries Mission: To improve include: • Dr. William Cheung taught a 5-day understanding of the past, • Updating the Sea Around Us summer course on scenarios mariculture production database; and models for biodiversity and current and future responses • Creating the Farm gate price ecosystem services organized by of marine ecosystems and database; the University of Zurich, Lugano, fisheries to global changes. • Working on the preliminary Switzerland on 11-14 June 2018 We also explore and inform mariculture farm location database; • Drs. Cheung, Lam, and Reygondeau, policy-relevant solutions and taught about “Global sustainability: • Compiling and developing ecosystem service and indigenous at local and global scales to databases of climate change governane” in a special program for improve human well-being and projection data including the Nitobe College students in the UBC the sustainable use of ocean change in maximum catch potential (September 2018) resources. of marine species, change in fisheries revenues under climate change, projected change in species distribution of marine species, etc.

Capacity building CORU students and researchers always strive to learn and acquire new knowledge on their research topics and in areas that are relevant to our studies. They have participated in various training courses and workshops. Also, our researchers are heavily involved in teaching and instructing science-related training program and lectures. Here are some examples: • IMBeR ClimEco6 Summer School - Interdisciplinary approaches The state and future for sustainable oceans, August of fishing in the East 2018. Gadjah Mada University, and South China Yogyakarta, Indonesia Seas under climate • IMBeR ClimEco5 Summer School change at the Ocean - Towards more resilient oceans: Asia East China Sea Predicting and projecting future Expert Consultation changes in the ocean and their Workshop, August impacts on human societies. August 2016 at Praia Mar Hotel, Natal, Brazil 20-21, 2018, Ocean • The 4th International Symposium University of China, on the Effects of Climate Change Qingdao, China on the World’s Oceans. June 2018. Washington DC • PhD student Muhammed Oyinlola, Here are some selected outreach presented “Global estimation of activities: Staff and Researchers areas with suitable environmental • Dr. Colette Wabnitz, along with William Cheung, professor and conditions for mariculture Robert Blasiak (Stockholm Principal Investigator species.” at the 2018 APEC Training Resilience Centre) co-hosted a Workshop on Eco-aquaculture workshop for academics, policy Research Associates and Utilization of Fishery Waste makers, and practitioners on Ocean Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation finance in Stockholm, Sweden in Dr. Juan José Alava Name of Workshop, Xiamen, China December 2018 Dr. André Cisneros-Montemayor • Dr. Cheung taught an ecology • A public discussion forum on the Dr. Vicky Lam field course for a joint Germany- future of seafood production from Dr. Gabriel Reygondeau Columbia graduate program, Santa Marine aquaculture under global Dr. Lydia Teh Marta, Columbia, 29 Feb – 3 March change was organized by CORU and Dr. Colette Wabnitz 2016. held in December 2018 at the UBC • Dr. Cheung and postdoctoral fellow Postdoctoral Fellows Outreach initiatives Dr. Oa Li Chen were the convenors Dr. Joey Bernhardt of Session 12: Scenarios and models The CORU team carried out a range of Dr. Oai Li Chen to explore the future of marine outreach activities within and outside coupled human-natural systems Dr. Miling Li UBC, with the indigenous community, under climate change in the 4th Dr. Gerald Singh students and researchers of other International Symposium on the Dr. Phil Underwood institutes, local and global community effects of climate change on the to make their ideas and works accessible world’s oceans (ECCWO) held from to all and promote public awareness Graduate Students 4 June to 8 June in Washington D.C., of global change on marine ecosystem Julian Palacios Abrantes (PhD United States and all the ecosystem services provided student) by the ocean. These activities include Virginie Bornarel (PhD student) organizing workshops, participating in Innovative partnerships Tayler Clarke (PhD student) workshops and conferences, publication CORU collaborates with a wide range of Ravi Maharaj (PhD student) on newsletter and online articles. organizations and institutes on different Muhammed Oyinlola (PhD projects. student) Hubert Du Pontavice (PhD Awards Social Media student) CORU set up social media accounts on 2018 Travis Tai (PhD student) Twitter (@coru_ubc) and Facebook Juliano Palacios-Abrantes won Melanie Ang (MSc student 2018) (@changingoceanresearchunit) to share SESYNC Graduate Pursuit Award. Patricia Angkiriwang (MSc information about their work and latest student) activities with the academic community Dr. William Cheung was named and the public. as one of Clarivate Analytics Alumni Global Highly Cited Researchers Scenarios development Dr. Tyler Eddy Postdoctoral fellow Dr. Juan José Alava Dr. Jose Fernandes 2017 participated and presented at the Ocean Dr. Miranda Jones Dr. William Cheung: Asia Scenario Modelling Outcomes Lauren Weatherdon • was indicted as Member of the Royal Society of Canada College of New Scholars, Artists and Scientists • won the 2017 Ehor Boyanowsky Academic of the Year Award • won The Prix d’Excellence Award from the International Council for the Exploitation of the Seas • won Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Studies Wall Scholar Award The future of high seas governance under climate change workshop (Ocean Asia scenario results), Ocean Asia East China Sea Expert Consultation Impacts Workshop, August 20-21, 2018, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China. The outcomes of CORU studies have been highlighted and adopted in different levels of discussions and reports on climate change and Drs. Wabnitz, Lam, and Cheung fisheries relevant policies including intergovernmental discussions. co-hosted a workshop with IIED • The CORU results on projecting the impact of climate change on for academics, policy-makers and fisheries were included in the Fifth Assessment (AR5) report by practitioners on “The future of high seas Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) governance under climate change” in Vancouver, Canada in November 2018. • Dr. William Cheung is the Coordinating Lead Author of the AR6 Other CORU members also participated Special Report of IPCC in this workshop • Dr. William Cheung was the Lead Author of the Intergovernmental Panel on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) global A workshop led by Muhammed assessment report Oyinlola and Dr. Cheung, “Shared • Research outputs from the CORU members have been published in socioeconomic pathways for many high impact factor journals mariculture”, was held in December 2018 at the UBC. Other CORU members • The work and research outputs from the CORU team have been also participated. reported on by the media, including both local and global news outlets such as Newsweek, Huffington Post, Vancouver Sun, Global Tla’amin food and fish systems News, National Geographic, etc. A two half-day workshop was held in • CORU researchers serve as members of the editorial board early December 2018 with members of different journals includingFish and Fisheries, Fisheries of the Tla’amin Nation. The aim was Oceanography, Frontiers in Marine Sciences and Marine Policy. to integrate different expertise and knowledge to collectively develop a • Dr. Cheung serves as scientific advisor on a number of international conceptual model of the key dynamics and local organizations including BioDiscovery, IUCN, and WWF in the Tla’amin food and fish system. Canada. Dr. Juan José Alava is an expert member of the Southern Twenty-one participants— a mix of Resident Killer Whale Technical Working Group (TGW) on fisheries, health, culture, resource Contaminants. management professionals, and knowledge holders – came together with CORU research team members Patricia Angkiriwang, Sachiko Ouchi, William Cheung, Tiff-Annie Kenny, to co-develop a shared multi-disciplinary complex system for understanding of the factors and dynamics relating fisheries, environmental change, food security, culture and well-being. Outputs from this workshop will be used as the basis for Patricia Angkiriwang’s Master’s project as she explores ways to make an develop a semi-qualitative model for Tla’amin Nation to further discuss the future of fisheries, food and policy planning in a changing climate.

A walk along the beach to reflect on a day of rich discussion about the complexity of issues affecting seafood availability and access for the Tla’amin Nation people. Shared socioeconomic pathways for mariculture was held in December 2018.

Partnerships At UBC Centre for Environment, Fisheries, Aquaculture CORU joined with Sea Around Us and Fisheries Sciences (CEFAS) Economic Research Unit to form the UBC Global East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, China Fisheries Cluster, bringing together UBC researchers World Bank who share the vision of focusing on global, International Institute for Environment and interdisciplinary, and integrated fisheries research. Development (IIED) Researchers within this cluster work closely together Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) on a wide range of different projects related to global Intergovernmental Panel on Biodiversity and fisheries, ecology, human society, and economics, and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) the effects of each on the others and these projects include reconstruction of the global catch database, World Wild Fund (WWF) updating estimate of global fisheries subsidies and Southern Resident Killer Whale Technical Working climate change impact studies, etc. Group (TGW) on Contaminants Stockholm Resilience Centre Worldwide International Institute for Environment and Nippon Foundation-UBC Nereus Program is a global Development (IIED), London, UK partnership of 17 leading institutes working to Environmental Resources Management (ESM), Hong advance our comprehensive understanding of the Kong) global human-ocean system across the natural and ESSA, Vancouver, Canada social sciences. UBC was the leading institute of the University of Bern, Switzerland partnership program and Dr. William Cheung was the Director (Science) of this program. Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), United States Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Program, Princeton University Environmental Defense Fund School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Abu Dhabi Environmental Agency Anglia University of Bergen, Norway School of International Development, University of East Anglia Publications Peer-reviewed journal articles A.D. Rogers, V. Frinault, D.K.A. Barnes, N.L. Bindoff, R. Downie, H.W. Ducklow, A.S. Friedlaender, T. Hart, S.L. Hill, E.E. Hofmann, K. Linse, C.R. McMahon, E.J. Murphy, E.A. Pakhomov, G. Reygondeau, I.J. Staniland, D.A. Wolf-Gladrow, R. Wright: Antarctic Futures: An Assessment of Climate-Driven Changes in Ecosystem Structure, Function, and Service Provisioning in the Southern Ocean. Annual Review of Marine Science 07/2019; 12(1):1-34. Abe K, Ishimura G, Tsurumi T, Managi S, Sumaila UR. 2017. Does trade openness reduce a domestic fisheries catch? Fisheries Science. 83(6):897-906. Adkesson, M. J., Levengood, J. M., Scott, J. W., Schaeffer, D. J., Langan, J. N., Cárdenas-Alayza, S., et al. (2018). Assessment of Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Organochlorine Pesticides, and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in the Blood of Humboldt Penguins (Spheniscus Humboldti) from the Punta San Juan Marine Protected Area, Peru. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 2016–12–270–11. Aguado, S.H., Segado, S.I. and Pitcher, T.J. (2016) Towards sustainable fisheries: A multi-criteria participatory approach to assessing indicators of sustainable fishing communities. Marine Policy 65: 97-106. Ahmed, N., Cheung, W.W.L., Thompson, S. Glaser, M. (2017) Solutions to blue carbon emissions: Shrimp cultivation, mangrove deforestation and climate change in coastal Bangladesh. Marine Policy 82: 68-75. Al-Abdulrazzak, D. and D. Pauly. 2017. Reconstructing historical baselines for the Persian/Arabian Gulf Dugong (Dugong dugon). Zoology in the Middle East. Al-Abdulrazzak, D., D. Zeller, D. Belhabib, D. Tesfamichael and D. Pauly. 2015. Total marine fisheries catches in the Persian/Arabian Gulf from 1950 to 2010. Regional Studies in Marine Science, 2: 28-34. Alava JJ, Barragán-Paladines MJ, Denkinger J, Muñoz-Abril L, Jiménez PJ, Paladines F, et al. 2017. Massive Chinese Fleet Jeopardizes Threatened Shark Species around the Galápagos Marine Reserve and Waters off Ecuador: Implications for National and International Fisheries Policy. International Journal of Fisheries Science and Research 1(1): 1001. Alava JJ, Barragán-Paladines MJ, Denkinger J, Muñoz-Abril L, Jiménez PJ, Paladines F, Valle CA, Tirapé A, Gaibor N, Calle M, Calle P, Reyes H, Espinoza E, Grove JS. 2017. Massive Chinese fleet jeopardizes threatened shark species around the Galápagos Marine Reserve and waters off Ecuador: implications for national and international fisheries policy. International Journal of Fisheries Science and Research 1(1):1001. Alava JJ, Calle N. 2017. Pipelines imperil Canada’s ecosystem. Science. 355(6321):140. Alava JJ, Cheung WWL, Ross P, Sumaila UR. 2017. Climate change-contaminant interactions in marine food webs: towards a conceptual framework. Global Change Biology. Alava JJ, Paladines F. 2017. Illegal fishing on the Galapagos high seas. Science. 357(6358):1362. Alava JJ, Ross PS. 2018. Pollutants in tropical marine mammals of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador: an ecotoxicological quest to the last Eden. In: Fossi C, Panti C, editors. Marine mammal ecotoxicology: impacts of multiple stressors on population health. London, UK: Elsevier/ Academic Press. p. 213-234. Alava JJ, Tatar B, Barragán MJ, Castro C, Rosero P, Denkinger J, Jiménez PJ, Carvajal R, Samaniego J. 2017. Mitigating cetacean bycatch in coastal Ecuador: governance challenges for small-scale fisheries. Marine Policy. Alava, J.J. and Gobas, F.A. 2016. Modeling 137 Cs bioaccumulation in the salmon–resident killer whale food web of the Northeastern Pacific following the Fukushima Nuclear Accident. Science of the Total Environment 544:56-67. Alava, J.J., Calle, N. 2017. Pipelines imperil Canada’s ecosystem. Science 6321(355):140-141. Alava, J.J., Cheung, W. W.L., Ross, P. S. and Sumaila, R. U. 2017. Climate change-contaminant interactions in marine food webs: Towards a conceptual framework. Global Change Biology 23:3984 -4001. Alava, J.J., Cisneros-Montemayor, A.M., Sumaila, R., Cheung, W.W.L. 2018. Projected amplification of food web bioaccumulation of MeHg and PCBs under climate change in the Northeastern Pacific. Scientific Reports 8:13460 Alava, J.J., Ross, P.S., Gobas, A.P.C. 2016. Food web bioaccumulation model for resident killer whales from the Northeastern Pacific Ocean as a tool for the derivation of PBDE-Sediment Quality Guidelines. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 70(1): 155-168 Alava, J.J., Tatar, B., Barragán, M. J., Castro, C., Rosero, P., Denkinger, J., Jiménez, P.J., Carvajal, R., Samaniego, J. 2017. Mitigating Cetacean Bycatch in Coastal Ecuador: Governance Challenges for Small-scale Fisheries. Marine Policy Andrefouet S., Van Wynsberge S., Kabbadj L., Wabnitz C.C.C., Menkès C., Tamata T., Pahuatini M., Tetairekie I., Teaka I., Scha T.A., Teaka T. and G. Remoissenet (2018) Adaptive management for the sustainable exploitation of lagoon resources in remote islands: Lessons from a massive El Niño-induced giant clam bleaching event in the Tuamotu atolls (French Polynesia). Environmental Conservation 45(1): 30-40 Andrello M, Guilhaumon F, Albouy C, Parravicini V, Scholtens J, Verley P, Sumaila UR, Mouillot D. 2017. Global mismatch between fishing dependency and larval supply from marine reserves. Nature Communications. 8, 16039. Asch, R., Cheung, W.W.L., Reygondeau, G. (2018) Future marine ecosystem drivers, biodiversity, and fisheries maximum catch potential in Pacific Island countries and territories under climate change. Marine Policy 88: 285-294 Atkinson, A., Hill, S.L., Pakhomov, E.A., Siegel, V., Anadon, R., Chiba, S., Daly, K.L., Downie, R., Fretwell, P., Gerrish, L., Hosie, G.W., Jessopp, M.J., Kawaguchi, S., Krafft, B.A., Loeb, V., Nishikawa, J., Peat, H.J., Reiss, C.S., Ross, R.M., Quetin, L.B., Schmidt, K., Steinberg, D.K., Subramaniam, R.C., Tarling, G.A., Ward, P. (2017) KRILLBASE: a circumpolar database of Antarctic krill and salp numerical densities, 1926-2016. Earth System Science Data, 9: 193-210. Ayata, S.-D., Jean-Olivier Irisson, Anaïs Aubert, Léo Berline, Jean-Claude Dutay, Nicolas Mayot, Anne-Elise Nieblas, Fabrizio D’Ortenzio, Julien Palmiéri, Gabriel Reygondeau, Vincent Rossi, Cécile Guieu: Regionalisation of the Mediterranean basin, a MERMEX synthesis. Progress In Oceanography 10/2017; 163 Aylesworth, L., & T-C. Kuo. 2018. Reporting time period matters: quantifying catch rates and exploring recall bias from fisher interviews in Thailand. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Aylesworth, L., J. M. Lawson, P. Laksanawimol, P. Ferber and T L. Loh. 2016. New records of the Japanese seahorse Hippocampus mohnikei in Southeast Asia lead to updates in range, habitat and threats. Journal of Fish Biology 88(4): 1620-1630. Aylesworth, L., R. Phoonsawat and A.C.J. Vincent. 2017. Effects of indiscriminate Fisheries on a group of small data-poor species in Thailand. ICES Journal of Marine Science. Aylesworth, L., R. Phoonsawat, P. Suvanachai and A.C.J. Vincent. 2017. Generating spatial data for marine conservation and management. Biodiversity & Conservation 26(2):383-399. Aylesworth, L., T.L. Loh, W. Rongrongmuang and A.C.J. Vincent. 2017. Seahorses (Hippocampus spp.) as a case study for locating cryptic and data-poor marine fishes for conservation. Animal Conservation. Azofeifa-Solano, J. C., Mena, S., Alvarado, J. J., Chacón-Monge, J. L., Clarke, T. M., Herrera-Correal, J., & Wehrtmann, I. S. (2017). Echinoderm diversity of a tropical estuary in the largest river basin of the Costa Rican Pacific, Eastern Tropical Pacific. Check List, 13(3), 2113. Babali, N., D. Belhabib, M. Kacher, F. Louanchi and D. Pauly. 2018. Recreational fisheries economics between illusion and reality: the case of Algeria. PLoS ONE-D-17-43595R1. Bailey M, Favaro B, Otto SP, Charles A, Devillers R, Metaxas A, Tyedmers P, Ban NC, Mason T, Hoover C, Duck TJ, Fanning L, Milley C, Cisneros- Montemayor AM, Pauly D, Cheung WWL, Cullis-Suzuki S, Teh LSL, Sumaila UR. 2016. Canada at a crossroad: the imperative for realigning ocean policy with ocean science. Marine Policy. 63:53-60. Bailey M, Sumaila UR. 2015. Destructive fishing and fisheries enforcement in eastern Indonesia. Marine Ecology Progress Series. 530:195-211. Battaile, B.C., C.A. Nordstrom, N. Liebsch, and A.W. Trites. 2015. Foraging a new trail with northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus): Lactating seals from islands with contrasting population dynamics have different foraging strategies, and forage at scales previously unrecognized by GPS interpolated dive data. Marine Mammal Science 31: 1494-1520. Belhabib D, Dridi R, Padilla A, Ang M, Le Billon P. 2018. Impacts of anthropogenic and natural “extreme events” on global fisheries. Fish and Fisheries. 19(6):1092-1109. Belhabib D, Le Billon P. 2018. Tax havens are the tip of the iceberg. Nature Ecology & Evolution. 2(11), 1679. Belhabib D, Sumaila UR, Lam VW, Zeller D, Le Billon P, Abou KE, Pauly D. 2015. Euros vs. Yuan: comparing European and Chinese fishing access in West Africa. PLOS One. 10. Belhabib D, Sumaila UR, Pauly D. 2015. Feeding the poor: contribution of West African fisheries to employment and food security. Ocean & Coastal Management. 111:72-81. Belhabib, D., A. Mendy, Y. Subah, N.T. Broh, A.S. Jueseah, N. Nipey, N. Willemse, D. Zeller and D. Pauly. 2015. Fisheries catch under-reporting in The Gambia, Liberia and Namibia and the three Large Marine Ecosystems which they represent. Environmental Development, 17: 157-174 Belhabib, D., D. Hellebrandt Da Silva, E. Allison, D. Zeller and D. Pauly. 2016. Filling a blank on the map: 60 years of fisheries in Equatorial Guinea. Fisheries Management and Ecology. Belhabib, D., K. Greer and D. Pauly. 2017. Trends in industrial and artisanal catch per effort in West African fisheries. Conservation Letters. Belhabib, D., Lam, V.W. and Cheung, W.W., 2016. Overview of West African fisheries under climate change: Impacts, vulnerabilities and adaptive responses of the artisanal and industrial sectors. Marine Policy, 71, pp.15-28. Belhabib, D., U.R. Sumaila and D. Pauly. 2015. Feeding the poor: contribution of West African fisheries to employment and food security. Ocean & Coastal Management, 111: 72-81. Belhabib, D., U.R. Sumaila, V.W.Y. Lam., D. Zeller, P. Le Billon, E.A. Kane and D. Pauly. 2015. Euro vs. Yuan: Comparing European and Chinese fishing access in West Africa. PL One 10(3): e0118351. Belhabib, D., V. Koutob, A. Sall, V.W.Y. Lam, D. Zeller and D. Pauly. 2015. Counting pirogues and missing the boat: Reply to Chaboud et al.’s comment on Belhabib et al. “Fisheries catch misreporting and its implications: the case of Senegal”. Fisheries Research 164: 325-328. Bell J., Cisneros-Montemayor A.M., Hanich Q., Johnson J., Lehodey P., Moore B., Pratchett M., Reygondeau G., Senina I., Virdin J. and C.C.C Wabnitz (2018) Adaptations to maintain the contributions of small-scale fisheries to food security in the Pacific Islands. Marine Policy 88: 303- 314 Bell J.D., Romeo A., Wabnitz C.C.C., Havice E., et al. (2019) Realising the food security benefits of canned fish for Pacific Island countries. Marine Policy 100: 183-191 Bell, J., Cheung, W., De Silva, S., Gasalla, M., Frusher, S.D., Hobday, A.J., Lam, V., Lehodey, P., Pecl, G.T., Samoilys, M. and Senina, I., 2016. .5. Impacts and effects of ocean warming on the contributions of fisheries and aquaculture to food security. Bell, J.D., Andrés Cisneros-Montemayor, Quentin Hanich, Johanna E. Johnson, Patrick Lehodey, Bradley R. Moore, Morgan S. Pratchett, Gabriel Reygondeau, Inna Senina, John Virdin, Colette C.C. Wabnitz: Adaptations to maintain the contributions of small-scale fisheries to food security in the Pacific Islands. Marine Policy 06/2017 Bell, J.D., Joelle Albert, George Amos, Christopher Arthur, Michel Blanc, Don Bromhead, Scott F. Heron, Alistair J. Hobday, Andrew Hunt, David Itano, Philip A.S. James, Patrick Lehodey, Gang Liu, Simon Nicol, Jim Potemra, Gabriel Reygondeau, Jason Rubani, Joe Scutt Phillips, Inna Senina, William Sokimi: Operationalising access to oceanic fisheries resources by small-scale fishers to improve food security in the Pacific Islands. Marine Policy 11/2017 Bellmann C, Tipping A, Sumaila UR. 2016. Global trade in fish and fishery products: an overview. Marine Policy. 69:181-188. Ben-Hasan A, Walters C, Louton R, Christensen V, Sumaila UR, Al-Foudari H. 2018. Fishing-effort response dynamics in fisheries for short-lived invertebrates. Ocean & Coastal Management. 165:33-38. Ben-Hasan, A., Al-Husaini, M., & Walters, C. J. (2017). Adaptive management of declining fisheries_ When is it worth trying to rebuild stocks through fishery regulation? Marine Policy, 85, 107–113. Ben-Hasan, A., Walters, C. J., Christensen, V., Al-Husaini, M., & Al-Foudari, H. (2018a). Is reduced freshwater flow in Tigris-Euphrates rivers driving fish recruitment changes in the Northwestern Arabian Gulf? Marine Pollution Bulletin, 129(1), 1–7. Ben-Hasan, A., Walters, C. J., Louton, R., Christensen, V., Sumaila, U. R., & Al-Foudari, H. (2018b). Fishing-effort response dynamics in fisheries for short-lived invertebrates. Ocean & Coastal Management, 165, 33–38. Bennet NJ, Blythe J, Cisneros-Montemayor AM, Singh GG, Sumaila UR (2019) Just transformations to sustainability. Sustainability Bennett J.R., Shaw J.D., Terauds A., Smol J. P., Aerts R., Bergstrom D. M., Blais J. M., Cheung W. W.L., Chown S. L., Lea M-A., Nielsen U. N., Pauly D., Reimer K. J., Riddle M. J., Snape I., Stark J. S., Tulloch V. J., Possingham H.P., 2015, Polar lessons learned: long-term management based on shared threats in Arctic and Antarctic environments. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 13: 316–324 Bennett NJ, Blythe J, Tyler S, Ban NC. 2016. Communities and change in the Anthropocene: understanding social-ecological vulnerability and planning adaptations to multiple interacting exposures. Regional Environmental Change. 16:907-926. Bennett NJ, Kadfak A, Dearden P. 2015. Community-based scenario planning: a process for vulnerability analysis and adaptation planning to social-ecological change in coastal communities. Environment, Development and Sustainability. Bennett NJ, Kaplan-Hallam M, Augustine G, Ban N, Belhabib D, Brueckner-Irwin I, Charles A, Couture J, Eger S, Fanning L, Foley P, Goodfellow AM, Greba L, Gregr E, Hall D, Harper S, Maloney B, McIsaac J, Ou W, Pinkerton E, Porter D, Sparrow R, Stephenson R, Stocks A, Sumaila UR, Sutcliffe T, Bailey M. 2018. Coastal and Indigenous community access to marine resources and the ocean: a policy imperative for Canada. Marine Policy. 87:186–193. Bennett NJ, Roth R, Klain SC, Chan K, Christie P, Clark DA, Cullman G, Curran D, Durbin T, Epstein G, et al. 2017. Conservation social science: understanding and integrating human dimensions to improve conservation. Biological Conservation. 205:93-08. Bennett NJ, Roth R, Klain SC, Chan KMA, Clark DA, Cullman G, Epstein G, Nelson MP, Stedman R, Teel TL, et al. 2016. Mainstreaming the social sciences in conservation. Conservation Biology. 31(1). Bennett NJ, Roth R. 2018. Realizing the transformative potential of conservation through the social sciences, arts and humanities. Biological Conservation. Bennett NJ, Satterfield T. 2018. Environmental governance: a practical framework to guide design, evaluation, and analysis. Conservation Letters, e12600. Bennett NJ, Teh LCL, Ota Y, Christie P, Ayers A, Day JC, Franks P, Gilli D, Gruby RL, Kittinger JN, Koehn Z, Lewis N, Parks J, Vierros M, Whitty TS, Wilhelm A, Wright K, Aburtor JA, Finkbeiner EM, Gaymer CF, Govan H, Gray N, Jarvis RM, Kaplan-Hallam M, Satterfield T. 2017. An appeal for a code of conduct for marine conservation. Marine Policy. 81:411-418. Bennett NJ, Whitty TS, Finkbeiner E, Pittman J, Bassett H, Gelcich S, Allison EH. 2018. Environmental stewardship: a conceptual review and analytical framework. Environmental Management. 61(4):597-614. Bennett NJ. 2016. Using perceptions as evidence to improve conservation and environmental management. Conservation Biology. 30(3):582- 592. Bennett NJ. 2018. Navigating a just and inclusive path towards sustainable oceans. Marine Policy. 97:139-146. Bennett, J.R., J.D. Shaw, A. Terauds, J.P. Smol, R. Aerts, D.M. Bergstrom, J.M. Blais, W.W.L. Cheung, S.L. Chown, M.-A. Lea, U.N. Nielsen, D. Pauly, K.J. Reimer, M.J. Riddle, I. Snape, J.S. Stark, V.J. Tulloch, H.P. Possingham. 2015. Polar lessons learned: informing long-term management based on shared threats in Arctic and Antarctic environments. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 13(6): 316-324. Bennett, NJ, Teh L, Ota Y, Christie P, Ayers A, Day JC, Franks P, Gill D, Gruby RL, Kittinger JN (2017) An appeal for a code of conduct for marine conservation. Marine Policy 81: 411-418. Bertram, D.F., Drever, M.C., McAllister, M.K., Schroeder, B.K., Lindsay, D., & Faust, D. 2015. Estimation of Coast-wide Population Trends of Marbled Murrelets in Canada Using a Bayesian Hierarchical Model. PLOS One. 10(8) 13 p. Bevilacqua, A. H. V., Carvalho, A. R., Angelini, R., & Christensen, V. (2016). More than Anecdotes: Fishers’ Ecological Knowledge Can Fill Gaps for Ecosystem Modeling. PLoS ONE, 11(5), e0155655. Blanchard, J.L., Watson, R.A., Fulton, E.A., Cottrell, R., Nash, K.L., Bryndum-Buchholz, A., Büchner, M., Carozza, D.A., Cheung, W. et al. (2017). 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On governance in fisheries in Senegal: from top-down control to co-management. In: Nunes PALD, Svensson LE, Markandya A, editors. Handbook on the Economics and Management of Sustainable Oceans. Cheltenham (UK): Edward Elgar. p. 457-475. Belhabib, D. and D. Pauly (Editors). 2015. Fisheries catch reconstructions: West Africa, Part II. Fisheries Centre Research Reports, 23(3), 127 p. Belhabib, D. and D. Pauly. (2015) Côte d’Ivoire: fisheries catch reconstruction, 1950-2010. p. 17-36. In: D. Belhabib and D. Pauly (eds.) Fisheries catch reconstructions: West Africa, Part II. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 23(3). [Also available as Belhabib, D. and D. Pauly. 2015. Côte d ‘Ivoire fisheries catch reconstruction, 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-66, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 33 p.] Belhabib, D. and D. Pauly. 2015. Benin’s fisheries: a catch reconstruction, 1950 to 2010, p. 51-64 In: D. Belhabib and D. Pauly (eds.) 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Fisheries Centre Research Reports 23(3). Belhabib, D. and D. Pauly. 2015. Reconstructing fisheries catches for Cameroon between 1950 and 2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015- 04, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. 8 p. Belhabib, D. and D. Pauly. 2015. The implications of misreporting on catch trends: a catch reconstruction for the People’s Republic of the Congo, 1950-2010. p. 95-106. In: D. Belhabib and D. Pauly (eds). Fisheries catch reconstructions: West Africa, Part II. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 23(3). Belhabib, D., A. Padilla, U.R. Sumaila and D. Pauly. 2017. On governance in fisheries in Senegal: from top-down control to co-management, p. 457-475 In: P Nunes, L.E. Svensson and A. Markandya (eds.) Handbook on the Economics and Management of Sustainable Fisheries. United Nations Environment Programme, Nairobi /Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham. Belhabib, D., D. Hellebrandt da Silva, E.H. Allison and D. Pauly. 2015. Equatorial Guinea: a catch reconstruction (1950-2010). Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-71, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 24 p. Belhabib, D., M. Ang, V.W.Y. Lam and D. Pauly. 2015. The fisheries of West Africa and Climate Change. Sea Around Us, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 19 p. Belhabib, D., N.E. Willemse and D. Pauly. 2015. A fishery tale: Namibian fisheries between 1950 and 2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-65, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 17 p. Belhabib, D., S. Ramdeen and D. Pauly. 2015. An attempt at reconstructing the marine fisheries catches in the Congo (Ex-Zaïre), 1950-2010. p. 107-114. In: D. Belhabib and D. Pauly (eds). Fisheries catch reconstructions: West Africa, Part II. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 23(3). Belhabib, D., V. Koutob and D. Pauly. 2015. The marine fisheries of Togo, the ‘heart of West Africa,’ 1950 to 2010, p. 37-50. In: D. Belhabib and D. Pauly (eds.) 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Fisheries Centre Research Reports 25(1). Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia. Brotz, L. and D. Pauly 2017. Studying jellyfish fisheries: toward accurate national catch reports and appropriate methods for stock assessments, p. 313-329 In: G.L. Mariottini (ed.) Jellyfish: Ecology, Distribution Patterns and Human Interactions. Nova Publishers, Hauppauge, New York. Budimartono, V., M. Badrudin, E. Divovich and D. Pauly. 2015. A reconstruction of marine fisheries catches of Indonesia, with emphasis on Central and Eastern Indonesia, 1950 – 2010, p. 2-26 In: D. Pauly and V. Budimartono (eds.) Marine Fisheries Catches of Western, Central and Eastern Indonesia, 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-61, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. Bultel E, Doherty B, Herman A, Le Manach F and Zeller D (2015) An update of the reconstructed marine fisheries catches of Tanzania with taxonomic breakdown. pp. 151-161 In Le Manach F and Pauly D (eds.) Fisheries catch reconstructions in the Western Indian Ocean, 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 23(2), University of British Columbia, Vancouver. Bultel, E., D. Gascuel, F. Le Manach, D. Pauly and K. Zylich. 2015. Catch reconstruction for the French Atlantic coasts 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-37, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 20 p. Bӑnaru, D., F. Le Manach, L. Färber, K. Zylich and D. Pauly. 2015. From bluefin tuna to gobies: a reconstruction of the fisheries catch statistics in Romania, 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-48, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 10 p. Campbell, B., J. Alder, P. Trujillo and D. Pauly. 2016. A global analysis of mariculture production and its sustainability, 1950-2030, p. 137-151 In: D. Pauly and D. Zeller (eds.) Global Atlas of Marine Fisheries: A critical appraisal of catches and ecosystem impacts. Island Press, Washington D.C. Carreras, M., M. Coll, A. Quetglas, R. Goñi, X. Pastor, M.J. Cornax, M. Iglesias, E. Massutí, P. Oliver, R. Aguilar, A. Au, K. Zylich and D. Pauly. 2015. Knowing the past to improve the future: Estimating historical fishing catches to improve fisheries management in the western Mediterranean Sea. Poster: CM 2015/ L. Carreras, M., M. Coll, A. Quetglas, R. Goñi, X. Pastor, M.J. Cornax, M. Iglesias, E. Massutí, P. Oliver, R. Aguilar and D. Pauly. 2015. Estimates of total fisheries removal for the Balearic Islands (1950-2010). Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-19, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 45 p. Carruthers, T.R. and Butterworth, D.S. 2018. A mixture model interpretation of stock of origin data for Atlantic Bluefin tuna. International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas. Collective Volume of Scientific Papers. SCRS/2018/133. Carruthers, T.R. and Butterworth, D.S. 2019. Updated summary of conditioned operating models for Atlantic Bluefin tuna. International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas. Collective Volume of Scientific Papers. SCRS/2018/134. Carruthers, T.R. and Hordyk, A.R. 2018. Are life-history parameters for Bluefin tuna anomalous? International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas. Collective Volume of Scientific Papers. SCRS/2018/156. Cashion, T.; D. Al-Abdulrazzak, D.Belhabib, B. Derrick, E. Divovich, D. Moutopoulos, S.-L. Noël, M.L.D. Palomares, L. Teh, D. Zeller and D. Pauly. 2018. A global fishing gear dataset for integration into the Sea Around Us databases. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 26 (1): 71 p. Cheung, W.W. L., V.W.Y. Lam, G. Reygondeau, L. Teh, C. Wabnitz, D. Al-Abdulrazzak, M. Khalfallah, M.L.D. Palomares, D. Zeller and D. Pauly. 2016. Marine Biodiversity and Climate Change [in the Arabian Gulf]. Technical Report, Abu Dhabi Global Environmental Data Initiative’s Local, National, and Regional Climate Change Programme, 93 p. Cheung, W.W.C. and D. Pauly. 2016. Impacts and effects of ocean warming on marine fishes, p. 240-253 In: D. Laffoley and J.M. Baxter (eds.) Explaining Ocean Warming: Causes, Effects and Consequence. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. Cheung, W.W.L. and D. Pauly. 2016. Global-scale responses and vulnerability of marine species and fisheries to climate change, p. 86-97 In: D. Pauly and D. Zeller (eds.) Global Atlas of Marine Fisheries: A critical appraisal of catches and ecosystem impacts. Island Press, Washington D.C. Cheung, W.W.L., D. Pauly and U.R. Sumaila. 2017. Canadian fisheries and the world: the last 150 years, p. 237-243, In: P. Nemetz and M. Young (eds) Reflections of Canada: Illuminating our Possibilities and Challenges at 150 Years. Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Students, Vancouver. Cinco, E.A., K. Zylich, L.C.L. Teh and D. Pauly. 2015. The marine and estuarine fisheries of Brunei Darussalam, 1950 to 2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-29, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 16 p. Cisneros-Montemayor AM, Cheung WWL, Bodtker K, Teh LSL, Steiner N, Bailey M, Hoover C, Sumaila UR. 2017. OceanCanada Marine Research Metadata. Data from: Towards an integrated database on Canadian ocean resources: benefits, current states, and research gaps. Dryad Digital Repository Cisneros-Montemayor, A.M., M.A. Cisneros-Mata, S. Harper and D. Pauly. 2015. Unreported Marine Fisheries Catch in Mexico, 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-22, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 9 p. Coll M, Carreras M, Cornax MJ, Massutí E, Morote E, Pastor X, Quetglas A, Sáez R, Silva L, Sobrino I, Torres M, Tudela S, Harper S, Zeller D and Pauly D (2015) An estimate of the total catch in the Spanish Mediterranean Sea and Gulf of Cadiz regions (1950-2010). Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-60, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. 52 p. Colléter, M., A. Darar Djibril, G. Hosch, P. Labrosse, Y. Yvergniaux, F. Le Manach and D. Pauly. 2015. Le développement soutenu des pêcheries artisanales : reconstruction des captures marines à Djibouti de 1950 à 2010 [with an extended English abstract], p. 13–25 In : F. Le Manach and D. Pauly (eds.) Fisheries catch reconstructions in the Western Indian Ocean, 1950–2010. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 23(2). Colléter, M., A. Valls, V. Christensen, M. Coll, D. Gascuel, J. Guitton, C. Piroddi, J. Steenbeek, J. Buszowski and D. Pauly. 2016. Modelling the global oceans with the Ecopath software suite: a brief review and application example, p. 98-109 In: D. Pauly and D. Zeller (eds.) Global Atlas of Marine Fisheries: A critical appraisal of catches and ecosystem impacts. Island Press, Washington D.C. Colleter, M., Valls, A., Christensen, V., Coll, M., Gascuel, D., Guitton, J., et al. (2016). Modelling the global oceans with the Ecopath software suite: a brief review and application example. In D. Pauly & D. Zeller (Eds.), Global Atlas of Marine Fisheries: A critical appraisal of catches and ecosystem impacts (pp. 98–109). Washington. Cullis-Suzuki, S. and D. Pauly 2016. Global evaluation of high seas fisheries management, p. 79- 85 In: D. Pauly and D. Zeller (eds.) Global Atlas of Marine Fisheries: A critical appraisal of catches and ecosystem impacts. Island Press, Washington D.C. de Mutsert, K., Steenbeek, J., Cowan, J. H., & Christensen, V. (2017). Using Ecosystem Modeling to Determine Hypoxia Effects on Fish and Fisheries. In D. Justic, K. A. Rose, R. D. Hetland, & K. Fennel (Eds.), Modeling Coastal Hypoxia (pp. 377–400). Cham: Springer International Publishing. Dearden P, Bennett NJ. 2015. The role of aboriginal peoples in protected areas. In: Dearden P, Rollins R, Needham M, editors. Parks and protected areas in Canada: planning and management. Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press. p. 267-290. Divovich, E. and Pauly, D. (2015) Oceanic islands of Brazil: catch reconstruction from 1950 to 2010). p. 31-48. In: K.M.F. Freire and D. Pauly (eds). Fisheries catch reconstructions for Brazil’s mainland and oceanic islands. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 23(4). [Also available as Divovich, E. and D. Pauly. 2015. Oceanic islands of Brazil: Out on a limb, Catch reconstruction from 1950 to 2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-30, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 22 p.] Divovich, E., B. Jovanović, K. Zylich, S. Harper, D. Zeller and D. Pauly. 2015. Caviar and politics: A reconstruction of Russia’s marine fisheries in the Black Sea and Sea of Azov from 1950 to 2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-84, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 24 p. Divovich, E., D. Belhabib, D. Zeller and D. Pauly. 2015. Eastern Canada, “a fishery with no clean hands”: Marine fisheries catch reconstruction from 1950 to 2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-56, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 37 p. Doherty B, Herfaut J, Le Manach F, Harper S and Zeller D (2015) Reconstructing domestic marine fisheries in Mayotte from 1950–2010. pp. 53-65 In Le Manach F and Pauly D (eds.) Fisheries catch reconstructions in the Western Indian Ocean, 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 23(2), University of British Columbia, Vancouver Doherty B, McBride MM, Brito AJ, Le Manach F, Sousa L, Chauca I and Zeller D (2015) Marine fisheries in Mozambique: catches updated to 2010 and taxonomic disaggregation. pp. 67-81 In Le Manach F and Pauly D (eds.) Fisheries catch reconstructions in the Western Indian Ocean, 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 23(2), University of British Columbia, Vancouver Doherty, B, J. Herfaut, F. Le Manach, S. Harper and D. Pauly D. 2015. Reconstructing domestic marine fisheries in Mayotte from 1950–2010. p. 53-66 In: F. Le Manach and D. Pauly (eds.) Fisheries catch reconstructions in the Western Indian Ocean, 1950–2010. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 23(2). Doherty, B., D. Gibson, Y. Zhai, A. McCrea-Strub, K. Zylich, D. Zeller and D. Pauly. 2015. Reconstruction of marine fisheries catches for Subarctic Alaska, 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-82, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 34 p. Donadi R, Au A, Zylich K, Harper S and Zeller D (2015) Reconstruction of marine fisheries in El Salvador 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-35, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. 22 p. Etim, L., D. Belhabib and D. Pauly, D. 2015. An overview of the Nigerian marine fisheries and a re-evaluation of its catch data for the years 1950- 2010, p. 66-76 In: D. Belhabib and D. Pauly (eds.) Fisheries catch reconstructions: West Africa, Part II. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 23(3). [Also available as Etim, L., D. Belhabib and D. Pauly. 2015. An overview of the Nigerian marine fisheries subsector and a re-evaluation of its catch data over the past 60 years (1950-2010). Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-68, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 16 p.] Freire, K.M.F. and D. Pauly (Editors). 2015. Fisheries catch reconstructions for Brazil’s mainland and oceanic islands. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 23(4), 48 p. Froese, R., D. Pauly, and FishBase Collaboration. 2015. 25 years of FishBase: Summary of a success story 25 next years: Future developments Presented by Nicolas Bailly. Froese, R., H. Winker, D. Gascuel, U.R. Sumaila and D. Pauly. 2017. How can we reduce the impact of fishing. Environmental Science Journal for Kids, November 2017, 4 p. Funes, M., K. Zylich, E. Divovich, D. Zeller, A. Lindop, D. Pauly and S. Box. 2015. Honduras, a fish exporting country: Preliminary reconstructed marine catches in the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Fonseca, 1950 – 2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-90, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 16 p. Gibson D, Cardwell E, Zylich K and Zeller D (2015) Preliminary reconstruction of total marine fisheries catches for the United Kingdom and the Channel Islands in EEZ equivalent waters (1950-2010). Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-76, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. 20 p. Gibson D, Froese R, Ueberschaer B, Zylich K and Zeller D (2015) Reconstruction of total marine fisheries catches for Germany in the North Sea (1950-2010). Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-09, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. 11 p. Gibson D, McCrea-Strub A and Zeller D (2015) Updated reconstruction of Hawaiian fisheries 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015- 83, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. 8 p. Gibson D, Zylich K and Zeller D (2015) Preliminary reconstruction of total marine fisheries catches for the Netherlands in the North Sea (1950- 2010). Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-46, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. 15 p. Haas A, Harper S, Zylich K and Zeller D (2015) Reconstruction of Nicaragua’s fisheries catches: 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-23, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. 9 p. Halouani, G., F. Lasram, M. Khalfallah, D. Zeller and D. Pauly. 2015. Reconstruction of Marine Fisheries catches for Tunisia (1950-2010). Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-95, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 11 p. Hanich Q, Rotjan R, Aqorau T, Bailey M, Campbell B, Gray N, Gruby R, Hampton J, Ota Y, Parris H, Reid C, Sumaila UR, Swartz W. 2018. Unraveling the blue paradox: incomplete analysis yields incorrect conclusions about Phoenix Islands Protected Area closure. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Dec 2018. 115 (52) E12122-E12123; DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1815600115. Harper S, Frotté L, Booth S, Veitch L and Zeller D (2015) Reconstruction of marine fisheries catches for French Guiana from 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-07, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. 10 p Hood, L. and D. Pauly. 2017. Tentative von Bertalanffy growth parameters of little studied fishes, p. 55-57 In: Pauly, D., L. Hood and K.I. Stergiou K.I. (eds.) Belated contributions on the biology of fish, fisheries and features of their ecosystems. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 25(1). Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia. Hornby C, Harper S, MacDonald J and Zeller D (2015) Reconstruction of Suriname’s marine fisheries catches from 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-49, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. 14 p. Hornby, C., B. Bhathal, D. Pauly and D. Zeller. 2015. Reconstruction of India’s marine fish catch from 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-77, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 42 p. Hornby, C., M. Arun Kumar, B. Bhathal, D. Pauly and D. Zeller. 2015. Reconstruction of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands marine fish catch from 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-75, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 27 p. Huynh, Q., Hordyk, A. R., & Carruthers, T. R. 2018. MSEtool: Management Strategy Evaluation Toolkit. Retrieved from https://cran.r-project. org/package=MSEtool Iritani D, Färber L, Zylich K and Zeller D (2015) Reconstruction of fisheries catches for Bosnia-Herzegovina: 1950-2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-15, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. 7 p. Jeanel G, Ramdeen R, Zylich K and Zeller D (2015) Reconstruction of total marine fisheries catch for Antigua and Barbuda (1950-2010). Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-13, University of British Columbia, Vancouver. 17 p. Jovanović, B., E. Divovich, S. Harper, D. Zeller and D. Pauly. 2015. Estimates of total Russian fisheries catches in the Barents Sea region (FAO 27 subarea I) between 1950 and 2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-59, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 16 p. Kay, A. and D. Pauly. 2017. The population density of monsters in Okanagan Lake, British Columbia, p. 92 – 95 In: Pauly D., L. Hood and K.I. Stergiou (eds.) Belated contributions on the biology of fish, fisheries and features of their ecosystems. Fisheries Centre Research Reports 25(1). Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia. Keskin, C., A. Ulman, V. Raykov, G.M. Daskalov, K. Zylich, D. Pauly and D. Zeller. 2015. Reconstruction of Fisheries Catches for Bulgaria: 1950- 2010. Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-20, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 18 p. Khalfallah, M., D. Belhabib, D. Zeller and D. Pauly. 2015. Reconstruction of Marine Fisheries catches for Libya (1950-2010). Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-47, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 15 p. Khalfallah, M., D. Zeller and D. Pauly. 2015. Reconstruction of marine fisheries catches for Fujairah (UAE) (1950-2010). Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-57, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 13 p. Khalfallah, M., K. Zylich, D. Zeller and D. Pauly. 2015. Reconstruction of marine fisheries catches for Oman (1950-2010). Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-89, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 11 p. Khalfallah, M., M. Dimech, A. Ulman, D. Zeller and D. Pauly. 2015. Reconstruction of Marine Fisheries catches for the Republic of Malta (1950- 2010). Fisheries Centre Working Paper #2015-43, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, 12 p. Kleisner, K.M., C. Brennan, A. Garland, S. Lingard, S. Tracey, P. Sahlqvist, A. Tsolos, D. Pauly and D. Zeller. 2015. Australia: Reconstructing Estimates of Total Fisheries Removals 1950-2010. 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Publications Books The Red Sea Ecosystem and Fisheries (2016). Eds. Dawit Tesfamichael and Daniel Pauly, Springer Netherlands Global Atlas of Marine Fisheries: A Critical Appraisal of Catches and Ecosystem Impacts (2017). Eds. Daniel Pauly and Dirk Zeller, Island Press Tropical Pinnipeds: Bio-Ecology, Threats and Conservation. 1st Ed. (2018). Ed. Juan J. Alava, CRC Press Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries Faculty of Science The University of British Columbia Aquatic Ecosystems Research Laboratory 2202 Main Mall Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4

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