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(1 & 2): 101-119 on Decapoda Brachyura from The /. Mar. biol. Ass. India, 1961, 3 (1 & 2): 101-119 ON DECAPODA BRACHYURA FROM THE ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS 1. FAMILIES PORTUNIDAE, OCYPODIDAE, GRAPSIDAE AND MICTYRIDAE.* By C. SANKARANKUTTY Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute INTRODUCTION THE present paper begins a series on the brachyuran fauna of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and describes 29 species and a variety collected during February to March 1960 from (1) Localities around Port Blair, viz. Bimbletan, South Point, Corbins Cove, Aberdeen Bay, Phoenix Bay, North Bay and Kalapahad ; (2) Neil! Island ; (3) Car Nicobar ; (4) Maya Bandar ; (5) Long Island ; and (6) Nan- cauri. Of these reported in this account, 8 species and 1 variety are recorded for the first time from this region. Heller (1868) recorded 27 species of crabs belonging to the three famiUes Por- tunidae, Ocypodidae, and Grapsidae. Alcock (1899 & 1900) in his ' Materials for a Carcinological Fauna of India' described 35 species of portunids, 13 species of ocypodids and 24 species of grapsoids from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, apart from Mictyris longicarpus Latreille. Later de Man (1908-09) reported Sesarma thelxionae de Man ; Kemp (1919) Macrophthalmus pacificus Dana (=M. bicari- natus Heller) and Dotilla wichmanni de Man and Chopra (1931) Lissocarcinus ornatus Chopra from the same region. The collections were made mainly from the coral reefs and the intertidal region, vast areas of which get exposed during the ebb tide. A number of specimens were collected from the submerged reef with the help of a mask and snorkel. Portunids were mainly collected with a small dredge operated at 10 metres in the Aberdeen Bay, Port Blair. In this paper only those works dealing with the fauna of Indian region and a few of the outstanding works are referred to. The following is the list of species described in this paper. The asterisk mark denotes new record for the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. ° Published with the kind permission of the Director, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam Camp. 102 C. SANKARANKUTTY Family PORTUNIDAE 1. Portunus sanguinolentus (Forskal). 2. P. granulatus (Milne Edwards). *3. P. pelagicus (Linnaeus) *4. P. minutus (Shen). *5. P. emarginatus Stephenson & Campbell. 6. Scylla serrata (Forskal). 7. Thalamita crenata (latreille). 8. T. prymna (Herbst). 9. T. chaptali (Audouin & Savigny). 10. T. admete (Herbst). 11. T. integra hana. *12. Charybdis (Goniohellenus) truncata (Fabr.). Family GRAPSIDAE 13. Grapsus albolineatus Lamarck. *14. Metopograpsus frontalis Miers. *15. Pachygrapsus minutus Milne Edwards. *16. P. planifrons de Man. *17. Ptychognathus dentatus de Man. 18. Sesarma (Chiromantes) bidens (De Haan). 19. Metaplax distincta Milne Edwards. *20. Plagusia depressa var. immaculata Lamarck. 21. Percnon planissimum (Herbst). Family OCYPODIDAE 22. Ocypoda ceratophthalma (Pallas). 23. O. cordimana Desm. 24. Uca marionis excisa Nobili. 25. U. annulipes (Latreille). 26. Dotilla mictyroides (Milne Edwards). 27. D. wichmanni de Man. 28. Macrophthalmus convexus Stimpson. 29. Macrophthalmus telescopicus (Owen), Family MICTYRIDAE 30. Mictyris longicarpus Latreille. Family PORTUNIDAE Portunus minutus (Shen) Neptunus {Lupocycloporus) minutus, Shen, 1937, p. 115. Portunus minutus, Stephenson and Campbell, 1959, p. 89. Material: One female 10 mm. broad and 6 mm. long. Locality : Dredged from Aberdeen Bay. ON DECAPODA BRACHYURA FROM THE ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS 103 Remarks : The ventral distal part of the merus of the cheliped has a spinule, the carpus carries three longitudinal ridges, the outer ridge joins the outer spine while the inner bifurcates in the middle and its inner branch joins the inner spine, the outer branch runs straight to the distal end of the joint. Distribution : Singapore (Shen). This is the first record of the species from Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Portunus emarginatus Stephenson and Campbell Portunus emarginatus, Stephenson and Campbell, 1959, p. 107. Material: Twelve males and seven females. The smallest ovigerous female 12 mm. broad. Locality : Dredged from Aberdeen Bay. Remarks : The specimens agree in all respects with the description given by Stephenson and Campbell except that they possess in addition a spinule at the distal end on the ventral side of the merus of the cheliped. Distribution: Darnley Island, Queensland (Stephenson and Campbell); This is the first record of the species outside Australia. Portunus sanguinolentus (Forskal) Neptunus sanguinolentus. Heller, 1868, p. 26. Alcock, 1899, p. 32. Chopra, 1935, p. 475. Pillai, 1951, p. 21. Neptunus (Neptunus) sanguinolentus, Laurie, 1906, p. 412. Chhapghar, 1957, p. 417. Portunus sanguinolentus, Stephenson and Campbell, 1959, p. 98. Material: Two specimens, one male and one female. Locality : North Bay, Caught in stake nets. Remarks: Even in the live condition the three characteristic blood red blot­ ches on the posterior region of the carapace were faint. Distribution : Nicobar (Heller) ; east and west coast of Indian Peninsula (Alcock); Travancore (Pillai) ; Bombay (Chhapghar). Outside India the species is known from East Africa to Hawaii. Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus) Neptunus pelagicus, Alcock, 1899, p. 34. Gravely, 1927, p. 142. PiUai, 1951, p. 21. 104 C. SANKARANKUTTY Neptums (Neptmus) pelagicus, Laurie, 1906, p. 412. Chopra, 1935, p. 476. Chhapghar, 1957, p. 418. Portmus pelagicus, Stephenson and Campbell, 1959, p. 96. Material: One male specimen 44 mm. long and 102 mm. broad. Locality : North Bay ; caught in stake nets. Distribution : Coasts of India (Alcock); Gulf of Mannar (Gravely) ; Travan- core (Pillai); Bombay (Chhapghar). The species is known from East Africa to Japan and Philippines. Portunus granulatus (Milne Edwards) Neptunus (Achelous) granulatus,klcock, 1899, p. 45. Borradaile, 1903, p. 208. Laurie, 1906, p. 416. Portunus granulatus, Stephenson and Campbell, 1959, p. 108. Material: One male, one female and a juvenile, the former 18 mm. long and 27 mm. broad. Locality: Male specimen from Car Nicobar, others dredged from Aberdeen Bay. Remarks : In the juvenile specimen the anteroexternal angle of merus of the external maxilliped is less pronounced. Distribution: Andaman, Nicobar Islands, Malabar Coast (Alcock). The species is known from Red Sea, Mauritius, up to Hawaii and Fiji. Scylla serrata (Forskal) Scylla serrata. Heller, 1868, p. 27. Alcock, 1899, p. 27. Leene, 1938, p. 14. Pillai, 1951, p. 21. Chhapghar, 1957, p. 416. Stephenson and Campbell, 1960, p. Ill, Material: A male 51 mm. long and 75 mm. broad and a juvenile 13 mm. long and 19.5 mm. broad. Locality .* The large specimen was caught in a stake net in North Bay and the juvenile from Ross Island. ON DECAPODA BRACHYURA FROM THE ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS 105 Remarks : The frontal lobes in the juvenile are low. Distribution : Very extensive in the Indo-Paciflc region ; from East Africa and Red Sea to Japan, Tahiti and New Zealand (Chhapghar). Thalamita integra Dana Thalamita integra, Henderson, 1893, p. 373. Alcock, 1899, p. 85. Laurie, 1906, p. 420. Stephenson and Hudson, 1957, p. 339. Material: A single male 11.5 mm. long and 18 mm. broad. Locality : Dredged from Aberdeen Bay. Distribution : Andamans (Alcock); Rameswaram, Tuticorin (Henderson); Gulf of Mannar off Ceylon (Laurie). Outside India the species is known from East Africa and Red Sea to Fiji. FIG. 1. First male pleopods of (A) Mictyris longicarpus; (B) Macrophthalmus convexus ; (C) Sesarma {Chiromantes) bidens ; ^D) Dotilla wichmanni; (E) Metaplax distincta ; (F) Thala­ mita adit^te. 106 C. SANKARANKUTTY Thalamita admete (Herbst) Thalamita admete. Heller, 1868, p. 28. Stephenson and Hudson, 1957, p. 320. Thalamita admeta, Alcock, 1899, p. 82. Laurie, 1906, p. 420. Thalamita admeta, var. A. admeta, Borradaile, 1903, p. 202. var. B. edwardsi,Bonai6aS\e, 1903, p. 202. var. C. savignyi, Borradaile, 1903, p. 202. var. edwardsi. Gravely, 1927, p. 142. Material: Five ovigerous females, four non-ovigerous females and four males. The smallest ovigerous female is 7 mm. long and 11 mm. broad. Locality : Car Nicobar and Aberdeen Bay (Dredge collection). Remarks : Compared to the description given by Stephenson and Hudson, the number of bristles on the first male pleopod is small, obviously this is a variable character. Distribution : Andamans, Palk Straits (Alcock); Xrusadai Island in Gulf of Mannar (Gravely). Outside India the species is known from East Africa, Red Sea to Japan, Hawaii and Fiji (Stephenson and Hudson). Thalamita chaptali (Audomin and Savigny) Thalmita chaptali, Alcock, 1899, p. 80. Laurie, 1906, p. 419. Stephenson and Hudson, 1957, p. 327. Material: An ovigerous female 5.5 mm. long and 8 mm. broad and three males. Locality : Dredged from Aberdeen Bay. Remarks : The ventral distal end of the merus of the cheliped carried a spinule. Distribution : Andamans (Alcock); outside India the species is known from Red Sea, Gulf of Siam and Australia (Stephenson and Hudson). Thalamita crenata (Latreille) Thalamita crenata. Heller, 1868, p. 29. Alcock, 1899, p. 76. Kemp, 1915, p. 249. Gravely, 1927, p. 142. Chhapghar, 1957, p. 423, Stephenson and Hudson, 1957, p. 332. ON DECAPODA BRACHYURA FROM THE ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS 107 Thalamita prymna var. crenata, Laurie, 1906, 418. Material: One female and a male, the male measures 17 mm. in length and 25 mm. in breadth. Locality: Dredged from Aberdeen Bay. Distribution : Nicobar (Heller); Andamans, Bombay (Alcock) ; Chilka Lake (Kemp), Gulf of Mannar—Krusadai Island (Gravely) ; Bombay (Chhapghar). The species
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