Pathfinder Assignment: Hallie Fields I. Introductory Essay is a beloved book series that was aimed at teenage girls. The first Nancy Drew book was published in 1930 and the series still continues to grow. This bibliography will cover the history of Nancy Drew, the people behind the series, and feminist critiques of Nancy Drew. Nancy Drew was one part of the Stratemeyer Syndicates that were created by . This bibliography will include information about the Stratemeyer family and the Nancy Drew series place in history. This bibliography is compiled with the imagined scenario of an undergrad History or Women and Gender Studies major’s research paper in mind. This bibliography will, therefore, select materials that are appropriate for a college-aged student that present scholarly works. Peer reviewed sources and other academically sound materials will be considered for this research project. The sources used in this bibliography aim to help an undergraduate student analyze Nancy Drew through a feminist lens with an understanding of previous critiques and history of the series. The scope of this topic will be limited to a historical and feminist perspective. Sources that are purely literary on the Nancy Drew series books’ content will not fit the scope of this topic.

II. General Encyclopedias and Subject Encyclopedias Carlson, Ann D., “” The World Book Encyclopedia. Vol. 11.Chicago: World

Book Inc., 2008. 254. Print.

“Edward Stratemeyer” The New Encyclopedia Britannica. 15th ed. Vol 11. Chicago:

Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., 2010. 305. Print

Huse, Nancy Lyman, “Edward Stratemeyer” The World Book Encyclopedia. Vol. 18. Chicago:

World Book Inc., 2008. 920. Print.

Johnson, Deidre A. “Nancy Drew” Girl Culture: An Encyclopedia. Vol 2. Westport,

Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 2008. 449-452. Print.

III. Ready Reference Sources Davidson, Cathy N., and Linda Wagner-Martin, eds. The Oxford Companion to Women’s

Writing in the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1995. Print. (pages

180-182, 351-52, 597) McGee, Chris. "Series Books." Encyclopedia of Children and Childhood: In History and Society.

Ed. Paula S. Fass. Vol. 3. New York: Macmillan Reference USA, 2004. 738-739. Gale

Virtual Reference Library. Web. 2 Apr. 2014.

Room, Adrian. “Carolyn Keene.” Dictionary of Pseudonyms, 4th ed. Jefferson, North Carolina:

McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers, 2004. Print.

Stahl, J. D. "Children's Literature." American History Through Literature 1870-1920. Ed. Tom

Quirk and Gary Scharnhorst. Vol. 1. Detroit: Charles Scribner's Sons, 2006. 220-225.

Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 2 Apr. 2014.

“Stratemeyer, Edward L.” Pseudonyms and Nicknames Dictionary. Ed. Jennifer Mossman. Vol

2. Detroit: Gale Research Company 1987. Print.

IV. Geographic Sources- Nancy Drew takes place in the fictitious town of River Heights. However, the state is never actually named in the book series. Since there was no information on any location that River Heights was modeled after, there were no geographic resources that I could locate for this

V. Biographical Sources- The biographical sources will focus on the authors and creators of Nancy Drew. Adams, Kimberley Stratemeyer. "Keene, Carolyn." Encyclopedia of Children and Childhood: In

History and Society. Ed. Paula S. Fass. Vol. 2. New York: Macmillan Reference USA,

2004. 521. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 2 Apr. 2014

Berke, Jacqueline. "Adams, Harriet Stratemeyer." American Women Writers: A Critical

Reference Guide from Colonial Times to the Present: A Critical Reference Guide from

Colonial Times to the Present. Ed. Taryn Benbow-Pfalzgraf. 2nd ed. Vol. 1. Detroit: St.

James Press, 2000. 8-9. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 2 Apr. 2014.

"Harriet S(tratemeyer) Adams (1893(?)-1982)." Something about the Author. Ed. Anne

Commire. Vol. 29. Detroit: Gale Research, 1982. 26. Something About The Author Online. Gale. University of North Carolina-Greensboro. 1 April 2014

"Harriet S(tratemeyer) Adams." Something about the Author. Ed. Anne Commire. Vol. 1.

Detroit: Gale Research, 1971. 1-2. Something About The Author Online. Gale. University

of North Carolina-Greensboro. 1 April 2014

"Mildred (Augustine Wirt) Benson (1905-)." Something about the Author. Ed. Alan Hedblad.

Vol. 100. Detroit: Gale, 1999. 28-31. Something About The Author Online. Gale.

University of North Carolina-Greensboro. 1 April 2014

"Mildred Augustine Wirt Benson (1905-2002)." Something about the Author. Ed. Alan Hedblad.

Vol. 135. Detroit: Gale, 2003. 20. Something About The Author Online. Gale. University

of North Carolina-Greensboro. 1 April 2014

"Mildred (Augustine Wirt) Benson (1905-)." Something about the Author. Ed. Donna Olendorf.

Vol. 65. Detroit: Gale Research, 1991. 7-11. Something About The Author Online. Gale.

University of North Carolina-Greensboro. 1 April 2014

Nash, Ilana. "Stratemeyer, Edward (1862-1930)." St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture.

Ed. Sara Pendergast and Tom Pendergast. Vol. 4. Detroit: St. James Press, 2000. 548-

550. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 2 Apr. 2014.

VI. Government, Health, Law, Business sources (as relevant) I was not able to find any relevance in Health for this topic. I am still looking for sources on the revenue that Grosset & Dunlap, the series’ first publisher, made while publishing the series. I have not been able to locate it yet because I am only able to find current information and for the scope of this topic, historical data would be more relevant. I am also still searching for information on the court case Grosset & Dunlap vs. Stratemeyer Syndicates and Simon & Schuster. I have found information about the court case in a book on Nancy Drew but I have not been able to find any actual documents from the court case. . VII. Subject Databases English Subject Guide Literature Resource Center- searched Nancy Drew Caprio, Betsy. "The Mystery of the Multiple Nancys." The Mystery of Nancy Drew: Girl Sleuth on the Couch Trabuco Canyon, Calif.: Source Books, 1992. 17-27. Rpt. in Children's

Literature Review. Ed. Tom Burns. Vol. 118. Detroit: Gale, 2006. Literature Resource

Center. Web. 27 Mar. 2014.

Inness, Sherrie A. "Is Nancy Drew Queer? Popular Reading Strategies for the Lesbian Reader."

The Lesbian Menace: Ideology, Identity, and the Representation of Lesbian Life.

Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1997. 79-100. Rpt. in Twentieth-Century

Literary Criticism. Ed. Thomas J. Schoenberg and Lawrence J. Trudeau. Vol. 218.

Detroit: Gale, 2009. Literature Resource Center. Web. 27 Mar. 2014.

Literature Resource Center- searched Nancy Drew AND Feminism (both searched as keywords) Chamberlain, Kathleen. "The Secret of Nancy Drew: Having Their Cake and Eating It Too."

Lion and the Unicorn 18.1 (June 1994): 1-12. Rpt. in Children's Literature Review. Ed.

Tom Burns. Vol. 118. Detroit: Gale, 2006. Literature Resource Center. Web. 27 Mar.

2014.

Heilbrun, Carolyn G. "Nancy Drew: A Moment in Feminist History." Rediscovering Nancy

Drew. Ed. Carolyn Stewart Dyer and Nancy Tillman Romalov. Iowa City: University of

Iowa Press, 1995. 11-21. Rpt. in Children's Literature Review. Ed. Tom Burns. Vol. 118.

Detroit: Gale, 2006. Literature Resource Center. Web. 27 Mar. 2014.

Parry, Sally E. "The Secret of the Feminist Heroine: The Search for Values in Nancy Drew and

Judy Bolton." Nancy Drew and Company: Culture, Gender, and Girls' Series. Ed. Sherrie

A. Inness. Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1997.

145-158. Rpt. in Children's Literature Review. Ed. Tom Burns. Vol. 146. Detroit: Gale,

2009. Literature Resource Center. Web. 27 Mar. 2014.

Literature Resource Center- searched Nancy Drew (subject)

Aurthur, Kate. "Whodunit?" The New York Times Book Review 25 Sept. 2005: 38(L). Literature

Resource Center. Web. 27 Mar. 2014.

Loh, Sandra Tsing. "The Secret of the Old Saw: Nancy Drew has two mommies." The Atlantic

Oct. 2005: 115+. Literature Resource Center. Web. 27 Mar. 2014.

Mitchell, Claudia, and Jacqueline Reid-Walsh. "The case of the whistle-blowing girls: Nancy

Drew and her readers." Textual Studies in Canada (2001): 15+. Literature Resource

Center. Web. 27 Mar. 2014.

History Subject Guide- Encyclopedias and Dictionaries-Gale Virtual Reference Library- searched “Nancy Drew” Nash, Ilana. "Nancy Drew." St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture. Ed. Sara Pendergast

and Tom Pendergast. Vol. 3. Detroit: St. James Press, 2000. 473-475. Gale Virtual

Reference Library. Web. 2 Apr. 2014.

Academic Search Complete- Searched Nancy Drew AND Feminism (keywords)

Shulman, Polly. "Spunky Nancy Drew Faces Her Hardest Case: Hollywood." New York Times

06 May 2007: 10+. Academic Search Complete. Web. 3 Apr. 2014.

Academic Search Complete- Searched Stratemeyer Syndicate (keyword)

Hamilton-Honey, Emily. "Guardians Of Morality: Librarians And American Girls' Series

Fiction, 1890--1950." Library Trends 60.3 (2012): 765-785. Academic Search Complete.

Web. 3 Apr. 2014.

Academic Search Complete- Searched Nancy Drew AND girlhood (keyword)

Foote, Stephanie. "Bookish Women: Reading Girls' Fiction: A Response To Julia Mickenberg."

American Literary History 19.2 (2007): 521-526. Academic Search Complete. Web. 3

Apr. 2014. Academic Search Complete- Searched Nancy Drew AND Stratemeyer (keyword)

Boesky, Amy. "Solving The Crime Of Modernity: Nancy Drew In 1930." Studies In The Novel

42.1/2 (2010): 185-201. Academic Search Complete. Web. 4 Apr. 2014.

Academic Search Complete- Searched Nancy Drew (keyword)

Burwell, Hope E. "Nancy Drew, Girl Detective, Nascent Feminist, And Family Therapist."

English Journal 84.4 (1995): 51. Academic Search Complete. Web. 4 Apr. 2014.

Woolston, Jennifer. "Nancy Drew's Body: The Case Of The Autonomous Female Sleuth."

Studies In The Novel 42.1/2 (2010): 173-184. Academic Search Complete. Web. 4 Apr.

2014.

a. Most successful searches- the most successful searches used keywords, I was able to find more specific results when I searched for Nancy Drew AND another keyword. Searching Nancy Drew AND feminism in the Literature Resource Center yielded the best results for the scope of this topic. b. Relevant thesaurus terms- some suggested terms I found through my searching are: women detectives, femininity, women & literature, fiction, young adult literature

Academic Search Complete also suggested searching for Nancy Drew as: Drew, Nancy (fictitious character)

VIII. Books Billman, Carol. The Secret of the Stratemeyer Syndicate: Nancy Drew, , and the

Million Dollar Fiction Factory. New York: The Ungar Publishing Company, 1986. Print.

Carpan, Carolyn. Sisters, Schoolgirls, and Sleuths. Lanham, Maryland: The Scarecrow Press,

Inc., 2009. Print.

Connelly, Mark. The Hardy Boys Mysteries, 1927-1979, A Cultural and Literary History.

Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc., 2008. Print.

Cornelius, Michael G. and Melanie E. Gregg, eds. Nancy Drew and Her Sister Sleuths: Essays

on the Fiction of Girl Detectives. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, Inc., 2008. Print.

Inness, Sherrie A, ed. Nancy Drew and Company: Culture, Gender, and Girls’ Series. Bowling

Green, Ohio: Bowling Green State University Popular Press, 1997. Print.

Johnson, Deidre. Edward Stratemeyer and the Stratemeyer Syndicate. New York: Twayne

Publishers, 1993. Print.

Mason, Bobbie Ann. The Girl Sleuth. Athens, Georgia: The University of Georgia Press, 1995.

Print.

Nash, Ilana. American Sweethearts: Teenage Girls in Twentieth-Century Popular Culture.

Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, 2006. Print.

O’Keefe, Deborah. Good Girl Messages: How Young Women Were Misled By Their Favorite

Books. New York: Continuum, 2000. Print.

Plunkett-Powell, Karen. The Nancy Drew Scrapbook: 60 Years of America’s Favorite Teenage

Sleuth. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1993. Print.

Rehak, Melanie. Girl Sleuth: Nancy Drew and the Women Who Created Her. Orlando: Harcourt,

Inc., 2005. Print.

IX. Websites

“Nancy Drew Mystery Stories: List of Titles and Publication Dates.“ Vintage Series for Girls.

2011. Web. 6 April 2014. http://www.series-books.com/nancydrew/drewlist.html

“Nancy Drew.” Nancy Drew Sleuth. 2011. Web. 6 April 2014.

http://www.nancydrewsleuth.com/

X. Primary Sources I have made a new category for primary sources. The scholar who is doing research on this topic would certainly want to include their own analysis of Nancy Drew books. This would be an incredibly relevant type of material for this project. The scholar could choose a few Nancy Drew books to carefully read and then analyze through the other sources mentioned in this bibliography.

Keene, Carolyn. The Mysterious Mannequin. New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1970. Print.

Keene, Carolyn. The Secret of the Old Clock. New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1998. Print.

Keene, Carolyn. The Silver Cobweb. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1983. Print.

XI. Journals I have made a new category for journals because I was able to locate an entire issue of The Lion and the Unicorn that was published about Nancy Drew. Therefore, the entire issue is relevant and is in a separate category.

The Lion and the Unicorn: A Critical Journal of Children's Literature: Special Issue On Nancy

Drew. vol 18, no. 1 (June 1994). Web. 1 April 2014.