David Lourea Papers, 1940-1992
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Women and Self-Efficacy: a Comparison of Lesbian
WOMEN AND SELF-EFFICACY: A COMPARISON OF LESBIAN, HETEROSEXUAL, ANDROGYNOUS, AND FEMININE TYPED WOMEN By Elisa B. Setmire A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of Humboldt State University In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Art In Psychology: Counseling May, 2007 WOMEN AND SELF-EFFICACY: A COMPARISON OF LESBIAN, HETEROSEXUAL, ANDROGYNOUS, AND FEMININE TYPED WOMEN By Elisa Setmire Approved by the Master’s Thesis Committee: ________________________________________________________________________ Emily Sommerman, Major Professor Date ________________________________________________________________________ T. Mark Harwood, Committee Member Date ________________________________________________________________________ Chris Aberson, Committee Member Date T. Mark Harwood, Graduate Coordinator Date ________________________________________________________________________ Chris A. Hopper, Interim Dean Date Research, Graduate Studies & International Programs ABSTRACT WOMEN AND SELF-EFFICACY: A COMPARISON OF LESBIAN, HETEROSEXUAL, ANDROGYNOUS, AND FEMININE TYPED WOMEN. by Elisa B. Setmire This study examined lesbian women in comparison to heterosexual women across the constructs of gender-role identity and general self-efficacy. The measurements employed in this research design included the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) (Bem, 1978) and the Sherer Self-Efficacy Scale (Sherer, Maddux, Mercandante, Prentice, Dunn, Jacobs, and Rogers, 1982); sexual orientation was assessed through self-identification. As predicted, general -
VOL 04, NUM 17.Indd
“WISCONSIN” FROM SEVENTH PAGE who may not realize that marriage is already heterosexually defined. To say that this is a gay marriage amendment is grossly erroneous. In State of fact, this proposed amendment seeks to make it permanently impossible for us to ever seek civil unions or gay marriage. The proposed ban takes away rights—rights we do not even have. If our Disunion opposition succeeds, this will be the first time that PERCENT OF discrimination has gone into our state constitution. EQUAL RIGHTS YEAR OF OPENLY But our opposition will not succeed. I have GAY/LESBIAN been volunteering and working on this campaign AMERICA’S FIRST OCTOBER 2006 VOL. 4 NO. 17 DEATH SENTENCE STUDENTS for three years not because I have an altruistic that are forced to drop nature, but because I hold the stubborn conviction for sodomy: 1625 out: that fairness can prevail through successfully 28 combating ignorance. If I had thought defeating YEAR THAT this hate legislation was impossible, there is no way NUMBER OF I would have kept coming back. But I am grateful AMERICA’S FIRST SODOMY LAW REPORTED HATE that I have kept coming back because now I can be CRIMES a part of history. On November 7, turn a queer eye was enacted: 1636 in 2004 based on towards Wisconsin and watch the tables turn on the sexual orientation: conservative movement. We may be the first state to 1201 defeat an amendment like this, but I’ll be damned if YEAR THE US we’ll be the last. • SUPREME COURT ruled sodomy laws DATE THAT JERRY unconstitutional: FALWELL BLAMED A PINK EDITORIAL 2003 9/11 on homosexuals, pagans, merica is at another crossroads in its Right now, America is at war with Iraq. -
Hegemonic Masculinity and Transphobia Marilyn Chung Southern Illinois University Carbondale, [email protected]
Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC Theses Theses and Dissertations 5-1-2017 Hegemonic Masculinity and Transphobia Marilyn Chung Southern Illinois University Carbondale, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses Recommended Citation Chung, Marilyn, "Hegemonic Masculinity and Transphobia" (2017). Theses. 2089. http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2089 This Open Access Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HEGEMONIC MASCULINITY AND TRANSPHOBIA by Marilyn Chung B.S., University of California, Davis, 2014 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Arts Degree Department of Psychology in the Graduate School Southern Illinois University Carbondale May 2017 THESIS APPROVAL HEGEMONIC MASCULINITY & TRANSPHOBIA By MARILYN CHUNG A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the field of Psychology Approved by: Tawanda M. Greer-Medley, PhD, Chair Kathleen Chwalisz Rigney, PhD Kristen M. Barber, PhD Graduate School Southern Illinois University Carbondale 1/17/2017 AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF MARILYN CHUNG, for the MASTERS OF ARTS degree in PSYCHOLOGY, presented on January 17, 2017 at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: HEGEMONIC MASCULINITY AND TRANSPHOBIA MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Tawanda Greer-Medley Transphobia research has focused on predictors and correlations of prejudice toward transgender people. Consistently, male participants have higher transphobic attitudes compared to female participants in various studies. Further, males are overrepresented in crimes against transgender people. -
The Aesthetics of Mainstream Androgyny
The Aesthetics of Mainstream Androgyny: A Feminist Analysis of a Fashion Trend Rosa Crepax Goldsmiths, University of London Thesis submitted for the degree of Ph.D. in Sociology May 2016 1 I confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Rosa Crepax Acknowledgements I would like to thank Bev Skeggs for making me fall in love with sociology as an undergraduate student, for supervising my MA dissertation and encouraging me to pursue a PhD. For her illuminating guidance over the years, her infectious enthusiasm and the constant inspiration. Beckie Coleman for her ongoing intellectual and moral support, all the suggestions, advice and the many invaluable insights. Nirmal Puwar, my upgrade examiner, for the helpful feedback. All the women who participated in my fieldwork for their time, patience and interest. Francesca Mazzucchi for joining me during my fieldwork and helping me shape my methodology. Silvia Pezzati for always providing me with sunshine. Laura Martinelli for always being there when I needed, and Martina Galli, Laura Satta and Miriam Barbato for their friendship, despite the distance. My family, and, in particular, my mum for the support and the unpaid editorial services. And finally, Goldsmiths and everyone I met there for creating an engaging and stimulating environment. Thank you. Abstract Since 2010, androgyny has entered the mainstream to become one of the most widespread trends in Western fashion. Contemporary androgynous fashion is generally regarded as giving a new positive visibility to alternative identities, and signalling their wider acceptance. But what is its significance for our understanding of gender relations and living configurations of gender and sexuality? And how does it affect ordinary people's relationship with style in everyday life? Combining feminist theory and an aesthetics that contrasts Kantian notions of beauty to bridge matters of ideology and affect, my research investigates the sociological implications of this phenomenon. -
Butch-Femme by Teresa Theophano
Butch-Femme by Teresa Theophano Encyclopedia Copyright © 2015, glbtq, Inc. Entry Copyright © 2004, glbtq, inc. Reprinted from http://www.glbtq.com A butch-femme couple The concept of butch and femme identities have long been hotly debated within the participating in a group lesbian community, yet even achieving a consensus as to exactly what the terms wedding ceremony in "butch" and "femme" mean can be extraordinarily difficult. In recent years, these Taiwan. words have come to describe a wide spectrum of individuals and their relationships. It is easiest, then, to begin with an examination of butch-femme culture and meaning from a historical perspective. Butch and femme emerged in the early twentieth century as a set of sexual and emotional identities among lesbians. To give a general but oversimplified idea of what butch-femme entails, one might say that butches exhibit traditionally "masculine" traits while femmes embody "feminine" ones. Although oral histories have demonstrated that butch-femme couples were seen in America as far back as the turn of the twentieth century, and that they were particularly conspicuous in the 1930s, it is the mid-century working-class and bar culture that most clearly illustrate the archetypal butch-femme dynamic. Arguably, during the period of the 1940s through the early 1960s, butches and femmes were easiest to recognize and characterize: butches with their men's clothing, DA haircuts, and suave manners often found their more traditionally styled femme counterparts, wearing dresses, high heels, and makeup, in the gay bars. A highly visible and accepted way of living within the lesbian community, butch-femme was in fact considered the norm among lesbians during the 1950s. -
Androgyny by Tina Gianoulis
Androgyny by Tina Gianoulis Encyclopedia Copyright © 2015, glbtq, Inc. tanya (2008) by Lola Entry Copyright © 2004, glbtq, inc. Flash is part of her Reprinted from http://www.glbtq.com "epicene" series, which the artist describes as Created by combining the Greek words for man (andros) and woman (gynaika), "girls who look like boys androgyny describes the blending of male and female characteristics within a single and vice versa." Image courtesy Lola individual. Though the term "hermaphrodite" is sometimes given as a synonym for Flash. androgyne, androgyny is generally understood today to be a psychological blending of Copyright © 2008 Lola gender traits, while hermaphroditism describes those who possess some of the actual Flash. sex organs of both genders. Androgyny has long been embraced by strong women, soft men, members of queer communities, and others who do not easily fit into traditionally defined gender categories. The Androgyne as a Divine Union of Earthly Principles Some cultures have revered the androgyne as a divine union of earthly principles, and many religions have worshipped gods that represented the combination of male and female. The Greek god of wine and sensuality, Dionysos, was believed to be androgynous, as was Hapi, the Egyptian god of the Nile. Practitioners of the Voudoun religion of Africa, South America, and the Caribbean honor the androgyne Obatala as the creator of humankind and the bringer of peace. The Vikings worshipped the valkyrie Bruennhilde, the androgynous daughter of Wotan, king of the gods. Hindu, Christian, and Wiccan religions all have deities or demi-deities with androgynous qualities. Distinctions between Sex and Gender To understand androgyny, it is important to explore the differences between sex and gender. -
Sex, Gender, and Androgyny in Virginia Woolf‟S Mock
SEX, GENDER, AND ANDROGYNY IN VIRGINIA WOOLF‟S MOCK-BIOGRAPHIES “FRIENDSHIPS GALLERY” AND ORLANDO SARAH HASTINGS Bachelor of Arts in Political Science Kent State University May, 2002 Submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree MASTER OF ARTS IN ENGLISH at the CLEVELAND STATE UNIVERSITY December, 2008 This thesis has been approved For the Department of ENGLISH And the College of Graduate Studies by Thesis Chairperson, Dr. Karem Department and Date Dr. Jeffers Department and Date Dr. Dyers Department and Date SEX, GENDER, AND ANDROGYNY IN VIRGINIA WOOLF‟S MOCK-BIOGRAPHIES “FRIENDSHIPS GALLERY” AND ORLANDO SARAH HASTINGS ABSTRACT This is an examination of sex, gender, and androgyny in Virginia Woolf‟s “Friendships Gallery” and Orlando. These texts, written twenty years apart, highlight Woolf‟s development as a feminist who seeks to obliterate the assumed sex and gender binary. She accomplishes this through a mock biography format. Her first attempt highlights the androgynous nature of the main character Violet, whereas in Orlando her message of the constrictive nature of an assumed link between sex and gender is far more emphatically proven though the utilization of the titular character undergoing a biological sex change that ultimately leaves his/her gender unaffected. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………….. iii CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION………………………………………………….... 1 II. “FRIENDSHIPS GALLERY”……………………...………………...8 III. ORLANDO…………………………………………………………...23 BIBLIOGRAPHY………………...……………………………………………. 48 iv CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION As a predominant figure in the 20th century Modernist literary movement, Virginia Woolf is renowned for her stylistic innovativeness. Woolf‟s experimentation with her linguistic approach to conveying a story or character not only flouted the pre- conceived expectations of Victorian literature, but those of Victorian society as well. -
Trans-Phobia and the Relational Production of Gender Elaine Craig
Hastings Women’s Law Journal Volume 18 Article 2 Number 2 Summer 2007 1-1-2007 Trans-Phobia and the Relational Production of Gender Elaine Craig Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/hwlj Part of the Law and Gender Commons Recommended Citation Elaine Craig, Trans-Phobia and the Relational Production of Gender, 18 Hastings Women's L.J. 137 (2007). Available at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/hwlj/vol18/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Hastings Women’s Law Journal by an authorized editor of UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Trans-Phobia and the Relational Production of Gender Elaine Craig* In 1431, Joan of Arc, a nineteen-year-old cross-dresser, was burned alive at the stake because she refused to stop dressing in men's clothing.' Nearly six centuries later, in 2002, Gwen Araujo, a seventeen-year-old male-to-female transsexual, was strangled to death by two men who later claimed what can be described as a "trans panic defense" because they hadn't realized that Gwen was biologically male before they had sex with her.2 Individuals who transgress gender norms are among the most despised, marginalized, and discriminated against members of many societies. 3 A deep seated fear of transgender individuals reveals itself in a plethora of contexts and across a wide spectrum of demographics. Perhaps most disturbingly, intolerance towards and discrimination against transgender individuals is found not only among the ranks of those whose gender offers them opportunity and privilege, but also among those whose own gender identity and expression has been a source of oppression and persecution. -
Concepts & Categories of LGBTQA+ Identities
Concepts & Categories of LGBTQA+ Identities This partial list of terms provides basic information to support further discussion and reading. Language is constantly changing; we encourage you to continue researching. Please note all terms should be chosen by a person for themselves. Allyship: The practice of self educating about Coming out: Coming to terms with one’s sexual heterosexism and cisgenderism, educating others, and orientation or gender identity. Can also mean stating actively supporting LGBTQA+ individuals and causes. openly that one is lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, Allyship is practiced both by cisgender and straight queer, and/or asexual. The term is usually used by people who support and advocate for the rights of members of the LGBTQA+ community, and LGBTQA+ people and by LGBTQA+ people who advocate heterosexual and cisgender people can experience a across communities. While the term “ally” implies a similar process of coming to terms with their identity as complete identity, “allyship” is an ongoing process. an ally. Asexual: A term people may use to describe their Gay: A term people may use to describe their identity experience of little to no sexual attraction to people of as a man whose romantic, emotional, physical, and/or any gender. Asexuality is a sexual orientation, and is not sexual attractions are to men. This term is also the same as celibacy or abstinence. There is a great sometimes claimed by lesbians and bisexual people. diversity in how members of the asexual community experience sexual and romantic attraction, desire, Gender & Gender-Inclusive Pronouns: A arousal, and relationships. pronoun is a part of speech that takes the place of other nouns. -
Employment Discrimination Against Bisexuals: an Empirical Study Ann E
William & Mary Journal of Women and the Law Volume 21 | Issue 3 Article 5 Employment Discrimination Against Bisexuals: An Empirical Study Ann E. Tweedy Karen Yescavage Repository Citation Ann E. Tweedy and Karen Yescavage, Employment Discrimination Against Bisexuals: An Empirical Study, 21 Wm. & Mary J. Women & L. 699 (2015), http://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmjowl/vol21/ iss3/5 Copyright c 2015 by the authors. This article is brought to you by the William & Mary Law School Scholarship Repository. http://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmjowl EMPLOYMENT DISCRIMINATION AGAINST BISEXUALS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ANN E. TWEEDY, J.D.* & KAREN YESCAVAGE, PH.D** INTRODUCTION A. Bisexual Invisibility Generally B. Our Survey I. BI INVISIBILITY IN THE COURTROOM AND THE CASE REPORTER II. WHAT DISCRIMINATION DO BISEXUALS FACE IN THE WORKPLACE? A. Literature Review B. Methodology and Results of the Current Survey 1. Methodology 2. Results a. General Respondent Demographics b. Discrimination-Related Demographics and Timing c. Types of Discrimination Experienced d. Remedies Sought e. Decisions Not to Pursue Relief 3. Discussion III. SOLUTIONS AND NEXT STEPS CONCLUSION INTRODUCTION By most counts, bisexuals make up the largest sexual minority group in the United States, and they have been litigating and advo- cating for their right to be free of discrimination since the early days of the gay rights movement.1 Yet they remain largely invisible in the * Tribal Attorney, Muckleshoot Indian Tribe, Associate Professor, Hamline Univer- sity School of Law. The authors would like to thank Naomi Mezey, Mary Anne Case, June Carbone, Monica Eppinger, Nancy Marcus, and Steve Macias for reviewing and comment- ing on drafts of this Article and Ann McGinley, Holning Lau, Heidi Bruins Green, Niko Antalffy, The Williams Institute, and Sharon Preves for assistance during the early stages of this project. -
1 Introducing LGBTQ Psychology
1 Introducing LGBTQ psychology Overview * What is LGBTQ psychology and why study it? * The scientific study of sexuality and ‘gender ambiguity’ * The historical emergence of ‘gay affirmative’ psychology * Struggling for professional recognition and challenging heteronormativity in psychology What is LGBTQ psychology and why study it? For many people it is not immediately obvious what lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans and queer (LGBTQ) psychology is (see the glossary for defini- tions of words in bold type). Is it a grouping for LGBTQ people working in psychology? Is it a branch of psychology about LGBTQ people? Although LGBTQ psychology is often assumed to be a support group for LGBTQ people working in psychology, it is in fact the latter: a branch of psychology concerned with the lives and experiences of LGBTQ people. Sometimes it is suggested that this area of psychology would be more accurately named the ‘psychology of sexuality’. Although LGBTQ psychology is concerned with sexuality, it has a much broader focus, examining many different aspects of the lives of LGBTQ people including prejudice and discrimination, parenting and families, and com- ing out and identity development. One question we’re often asked is ‘why do we need a separate branch of psychology for LGBTQ people?’ There are two main reasons for this: first, as we discuss in more detail below, until relatively recently most psychologists (and professionals in related disciplines such as psychiatry) supported the view that homosexuality was a mental illness. ‘Gay affirmative’ psychology, as this area was first known in the 1970s, developed to challenge this perspective and show that homosexuals are psychologically healthy, ‘normal’ individuals. -
Ways to Be an Ally to Nonmonosexual / Bi People
Ways To Be An Ally to Nonmonosexual / Bi People The ideas in this pamphlet were generated during a discussion at a UC Davis Bi Visibility Project group meeting and were compiled Winter quarter, 2009. Nonmonosexual / bisexual individuals self-identify in a variety of different ways – please keep in mind that though this pamphlet gives suggestions about how to be a good ally, one of the most important aspects of being an ally is respecting individual’s decisions about self-identification. There are hundreds of ways to be a good ally – Please use these suggestions as a starting point, and seek additional resources! In this pamphlet the terms “bisexual” and “nonmonosexual” will be used Monosexism: a belief that monosexuality interchangeably to describe individuals who (either exclusive heterosexuality and/or identify with nonmonosexual orientations being lesbian or gay) is superior to a (attracted to more than one gender), bisexual or pansexual orientation. encompassing pan-, omni-, ambi-, bi-, and <http://www.wikipedia.com> nonmonosexual identities. Respect personal choices about self-identification and use specific terms on an individual basis. Try… Acknowledging that a person who is bisexual is always bisexual regardless of their current or past partner(s) or sexual experience(s). Using the terms, “monosexual” and “monosexism.” Educating yourself through articles, books, websites or other resources if you have questions. Questioning the negativity associated with bisexual stereotypes. Example: The stereotype that “all bi people are oversexed.” This reinforces societal assumptions about the nature of “good” or “appropriate” sexual practice or identity. Acknowledge the different ways women, people of color, disabled people, queer people and all intersections thereof, are eroticized or criticized for being sexual.