STETSON SHOWCASE APRIL 12, 2016 A Celebration of Achievement at Stetson University

About the Undergraduate Research and Creative Arts Symposium Showcase: This event, with its debut in 1999 and former names of Undergraduate Scholarship and Performance Day (USAPD) and later Undergraduate Scholarship Day (USD), was designed to foster an appreciation for academic achievements here at Stetson University. The student presenters have a wonderful opportunity to share their research and projects with the Stetson University community. Historically, the student projects have included a wide variety of excellent student work.

JUDGING CRITERIA AND PRIZES: Each group of judges for each specific location will be deciding among themselves appropriate and consistent criteria that will help them decide which presentations were most effective. In general, students are asked to discuss their projects at a level that anyone not knowing the area can understand. Part of an effective presentation is effective communication, and the judges keep this as consistent criteria for choosing the best presentation for all involved. The winners of each of the six locations will receive a Maris Prize of $200 and a certificate of excellence. In addition, for each venue, an honorable mention will be chosen.

THE 2016 JUDGING PANEL AND ALTERNATES:

Jennifer Certo, Assistant to the Vice-President for Student Affairs Barbara Costello, Associate Professor/Government Information & Research Librarian Dr. Laura Crysel, Assistant Professor of Psychology Dr. Joshua Eckroth, Asst. Prof. of Computer Science Dr. Christopher Ferguson, Associate Professor of Psychology Dr. Deborah Goldring, Asst Professor, Department of Marketing Terry Grieb, Assoc. Prof. of Instructional Media and Assistant Director of Media Services Dr. Melinda Hall, Assistant Professor of Philosophy Dr. Philip Handyside, Adjunct Instructor, History Clay Henderson, Executive Director, Stetson Institute for Water and Environmental Resilience Dr. John Horn, Vice-President (ret.) for Research & Development, 3M Laura N. Kirkland, Associate Professor, Catalog Librarian Sims Kline, Research Librarian and Associate Professor Dr. Danielle Lindner, Assistant Professor of Psychology Dr. Gary Maris, Professor Emeritus of Political Science Dr. Joy A McGuirl-Hadley, Associate Vice President, Boundless Learning Harry Messersmith, Sculptor and former Executive Director, Museum of Florida Art Mollie Rich, Prof. Emeritus of Music Dr. Robert Rich, Prof. Emeritus of Music Dr. Gilbert Seigworth, Physician Dr. Thomas Vogel, Visiting Assistant Professor of Physics

Cultural Credit: A maximum of three cultural credits can be earned for the symposium event. At each venue, Showcase tickets must be stamped by the symposium representative after each talk. One oral or art presentation = 1/3 credit Twenty minutes in posters = 1/3 credit 1 music recital = 1/3 credit One honors I session = 1 credit In addition, full cultural credit can be earned at the Evening Keynote Address and the evening Digital Arts Reception.

For credit, please take your stamped card to 312 Elizabeth Hall 2-5 pm on April 12: OR bring your completed form to 312 Elizabeth Hall no later than 4 pm April 13.

PROGRAM

POSTER PRESENTATIONS P-3 Tracy-Lynn Cleary Photoreactivity of 2-Methoxy-4-(2-phthalimidinyl) Rinker Fieldhouse, Hollis Center phenylsulfonyl Chloride Dr. Dejan Magoc, morning session chair Dr. Kevin Riggs, afternoon session chair P-4 Kay Colon-Motas Is Your Parents’ Judges Relationship Affecting Your Own? The Morning Rinker I: Dr. Laura Crysel, Dr. Joy A Influence of Parental Infidelity and McGuirl-Hadley Attachment Style on Love Beliefs in Morning Rinker II: Clay Henderson; Laura Kirkland, Dr. Chris Ferguson Romantic Relationships in Young Adults Afternoon Rinker I: Dr. Danielle Lindner, Dr. Joshua Eckroth P-5 Adrienne DeVita, Zachary Dyer, Keegan Tanner Gender differences in physical Morning I (9 a.m. – 12 p.m. ) activity and related beliefs among adults participating in YMCA programs P-1 Erin Webb The Effect of Boldness and Crypsis on the Shoaling Tendencies of P-6 9-9:15 Jaime Fields Fluorescent gold Lucania parva and Lucania goodei nanoparticles for cellular biomedical applications P-2 Sheila Bonnough The Speed of Light Measured by Jupiter’s Moon, Io P-7 Erin Foster Measuring Gamma Ray Production Using Positron Annihilation from the Radioactive Source 22Na

P-8 Kristen Meiler Effect of salinity on P-18 Jozefina Logu “All About Pleasure”: embryonic Axolotl development Potential User Responses to Female Condom Video P-9 Kelsey McCurdy Identifying the increase in reactivity behaviors and P-18A Ashley Krineski Lewis Acid Catalyzed distribution of Fos-IR neurons in the GC in [3+3] Annulation of 1,1-Cyclopropane Diesters with Epoxides: Synthesis of response to 1.0 M NaCl solution in Tetrahydropyran Rings conscious rats

P-10 Naser Mubarak Comparable Morning II (9 a.m. 12 p.m) peroxidase levels in treated and untreated jurkat leukemia cells

P-19 Erika Webb Comparison of Toxocara P-11 Shelby Curren Comparison of levels between areas of low and high feral Genistein-induced Cell Death in T-cell leukemia Jurkat and Nonmalignant Lung cat density Fibroblast MRC-5 Cells P-20 Hayley Barr Neurological and P-12 Isabella Riera Effects of Binaural Beats Behavioral Aggression in Norway and on Performance During Neurofeedback Wistar Rats

Training P-21 Audry Cherin and Fidel Vazquez Lung

Cancer Hospitalization & Mortality in P-13 Nicole Rivera-Montañez The Effects of Presentation Modality and Meaningfulness Volusia: A County and Sub-County on Memory Recall Overview of Death Rates & Financial Costs of Hospitalizations Due to Lung Cancer P-14 Holly Saulsbery Isolation and identification of microbiota within the P-22 Jordan Cockfield Flaxseed Lignan, digestive system of wild-type fruit flies, Enterolactone, Found To Induce Apoptosis Drosophila melanogaster in Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Cells P-15 Kendale Speyerer Determining aerial respiration threshold of Pterygoplichthys P-23 Sara Davidovich The effects of land disjunctivus (Loricariidae) use and water quality on Floridobia spp. (Mollusca:Gastropoda) population P-16 Ricardo Vallejo The Cytotoxic Effects densities of Daidzin on H-460 Lung Cancer Cells P-24 Khaled Eldeeb Effects of Prey Type, P-17 Gabriella Warrensford A Model of Initial Body Posture, and Tail Position on Nutrient Flow in an Aquaponics System Caudal Luring by Sistrurus miliarius Using Diffusion-Advection-Reaction Equations P-25 Hailey Hernandez Genotype by Sequencing Improves Resolution of environment and community health Genetic Relationships among Stonefly promotion; the case of Spring Hill Clades in the Great Basin P-33 Stephanie Vazquez Learned

Helplessness and Help-Seeking for Mental P-26 Eduardo A. Lopez The effects of Health Disorders among College Students Triclosan on embryonic development of P-34 Kristyn Stetson I Didn’t Learn This in Ambystoma mexicanum School

P-27 Whitney Meyers Fos-immunoreactive P-35 Charlotte Warta Verbal Commentary neurons in the lateral dysgranular insular and Body Image cortex are associated with ingestive behaviors elicited by sucrose in conscious P-36 Sebastian Florez and Richard Roe rats Mobile Attack Vectors: Crippling Infrastructure via Exploiting Protocols at P-28 Carolina Perez-Tobon, Justin Baggs, the Application Layer Jada Scott Neighborhood jurisdictional boundaries and community health, the P-37 Ilana Brodzki Are body image ideals case of Spring Hill shifting to a lean body type? A study of body ideals in men and women P-29 Victoria Ramirez Epinephrine-soaked gauze did not have an effect on Afternoon (1 p.m.-4 p.m.) uncontrolled hemorrhage with regards to the amount of healed wounds over 10 P-38 Alex Clark A GIS approach to analyzing minutes, clot location and size in Wistar Lake Beresford for the phytoremediation rats potential of Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes P-30 Victoria Riera The Relationship

Between Injury, Self-Efficacy, Sports P-39 Jacqueline M. Pollack Spatial Patterns Confidence, and Fitness Among College and Neighborhood Characteristics of Undergraduates Suicide Clusters in Florida

P-31 Valeria Roati Plastic response of P-40 Stetson DeMartino The Effect of vegetative and reproductive traits of Atrazine on the Embryological Development of Zebrafish Passiflora incarnata in response to herbivory P-41 Anja Erwin Effect of Trichechus manatus latirostris on Blue Spring food P-32 Maggie Rought, Tyler Bowling, Emily web using stable isotope analysis Carey, Gregory Fernandez, Jackie Pollack, Brittany Zwerver Neighborhood P-42 Joshua Geary Defining Parameters for Sonoluminescence

P-43 Jane Ketcham The effect of prey odor P-53 Robert A. Barber High and low light on the selection of foraging sites by propagation of Vallisneria americana neonate Sistrurus miliarius barbouri (variety Suwannee Narrow) as a suggestive reintroduction limitation into Volusia Blue P-44 Kenneth Massa Effects of Fetal Bovine Spring Serum in Growth Media on Puerarin- induced Jurkat Leukemia Apoptosis P-54 James Welch Self-Concept Clarity and

the Decision to Go Greek P-45 Stephanie Miller But What about Me?

Coping Strategy Differences among P-55 Dominique Drager and Rachel Lee Bereaved Adults After Parental Death Alcohol Related Events in Volusia County

P-46 Stephen Pilato Self-Objectification, Using Population Health Data, 2010-2014 Body Image, and Eating and Exercise Behavior in Men P-56 Alexandra Lyubimova Fewer activated neurons in the hippocampus of rats P-47 Isabella and Victoria Riera “The nuclei exposed to a higher fat and refined sugar that bind: The role of the endopiriform diet nucleus and the claustrum in the processing of taste information ART AND DIGITAL ARTS PRESENTATIONS AND EXHIBITIONS P-48 Philip Roddenberry Constructing an Homer and Dolly Hand Art Center Experimental System: Vibrating Sample Duncan Galleries, Sampson Magnetometer 10:40 am-3:10 pm Dr. Emily Mieras, Morning Session Chair P-49 Kathryn Sitterle and Daniel Brooke Dr. Tara Batista, Afternoon Session Chair Evaluation of Gut Bacteria and Fungi in Judges: Jennifer Certo, Harry Messersmith Drosophila melanogaster HAND ART CENTER P-50 Joshua Twitchell The Moneyball Hypothesis: A Simple Evaluation ART-1 10:40-10:55 Benjamin Griffith The Octavian Spirits

P-51 Austin Waldron, Glenn Adesoji, and ART-2 11:00-11:15 Emily McDeed Frozen: Megan Harmon Health Related Behaviors The Missing Denouement among school aged children ART-3 11:20-11:35 Jean Paul Menegolo P-52 Joshua Cappabianca Gender Cross the Sea Differences in the Otoliths of the

Vermiculated Suckermouth Sailfin ART-4 11:40-11:55 Monica Wolski The Armored Catfish (Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus) in Blue Spring, Florida Collection (2015-16) 11:45-12:20 Lunch 12:00-1:00 Lunch M-4 12:30-1:00 Lyndall Vickers, Guitar HAND ART CENTER SEMINAR ROOM M-5 1:15-1:45 Omar Lawand, Trombone ART-5 1:00-1:15 Gisela Alvarez All You Can Carry (2015-16) M-6 2:00-2:30 Paula Bekker, Flute

ART-6 1:20-1:35 Robert Conte I Am M-7 2:45-3:15 Ashley King, Soprano

ART-7 1:40-1:55 Elizabeth Frates Wait with

Me ORAL PRESENTATIONS – SESSION A

25 Library Auditorium – Media Center ART-8 2:00-2:15 Natasha Radovicz Schaidt Dr.Ken McCoy, morning session chair Inside the Artist’s Studio Jean Wald, afternoon session chair

Judges: Dr. John Horn, Dr. Gilbert Seigworth ART-9 2:20-2:35 Taylor Gunderson Seven

Deadly Sins FORCES IN THE MARKET ART-10 2:40-3:00 Erin McCollum Imperious A-1 8:50-9:05 Neri Ordaz Disease in former (2015-16) Soviet Union Republics: An economic

analysis of Dutch disease in oil-rich SAMPSON GALLERY Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Russia

ART-11 3:05-3:20 Danielle Grisham Generic A-2 9:10-9:25 Victoria Tomkinson A Mixed- Prince (2015-2016) Methods Examination of the Risks and Rewards of Being a Female in a Sexualized Work Environment JUNIOR MUSIC RECITALS Lee Chapel, Elizabeth Hall A-3 9:30- 9:45 David Lazear Incentivized Felicia Higgins, Concert Hall Manager Organ Donations Brent Pafford, Concert Hall Manager Judges: Dr. Robert Rich, Mollie Rich A-4 9:50-10:05 Nathan Gaubatz Cal-Maine Programs on pp. 45-7 Foods: Buy Recommendation

M-1 10:00-10:30 Cole Bushman, Clarinet A-5 10:10-10:25 Gisela Alvarez Market is

Always Right: Jeff Koons’ Made in Heaven M-2 10:45 -11:15 Ryan Morrison, Horn (1989-91 M-3 11:30 -11:40 Maggie Nicks and Marcus Jones, Composers 10:25-10:40 Break

FORCES IN THE MEDIA A-14 2:50-3:05 Kathryn Nathenson The Tuolumne: The Journey of a River and the A-6,10:45- 11:00 Alyssa Bajek The $17,000 Story of its Water Ball Pit: What Dashcon Tells Us about Tumblr, Memes, and Digital Culture ORAL PRESENTATIONS SESSION B

John E. Johns Room 315, Elizabeth Hall A-7 11:05-11:20 Jill Crotty Small Fish, Big Dr. Robert Watson, Dr. Ellen Podgor (School Pond: An Analysis of Trends in the of Law) and Dr. Marco Jimenez (School of Independent Book Publishing Industry Law) morning session chairs Dr. Mayhill Fowler, afternoon session chair A-8 11:25-11:40 Elizabeth Hutchison “Just Judges: Dr. Melinda Hall, Dr. Barbara to Finally Feel Good About Myself”: An Costello Analysis of Lesbian Coming-Out Narratives CRIME, LAW AND POLITICS 11:45-1:10 LUNCH B-1 8:30-8:45 Ariel Marsh Narrative Theory and Analysis: Bill O’Reilly’s Broadcast SPORTS, PARKS AND TOURISM Coverage on the Trayvon Martin Case

A-9 12:50-1:05 Arianna Hall Survival of the B-2 8:50-9:05 Griffin Fuller Sir Francis California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus) Drake: Revolutionary of the Pirates in Captivity B-3, 9:10-9: 25 Nicole Lamaritata The A-10, 1:10-1:25 Cameron Black Offense Invasion of Technology on the Hiring Plus Defense Equals Evolution: How Did Process: Private and Public Information the National Basketball Association Evolve and the Effects on the Hiring Process in the into a Cultural and Economic Icon from Eyes of the Employer 1970-2000? B-4, 9:30-9:45 Kaley Fulton Preventing A-11, 1:30-1:45 Danielle Barnes Bottlenose Radicalization: Civil Society Inclusion and Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) Survival in Political Representation as Tools for Preventing Extremist Violence Captivity B-5 9:50-10:05 James Russo Rostow’s 1:45-2:05 BREAK Stages of Development and Governmental Institutions that Drive Economic Growth A-12 2:05-2:20 Matthew Rafferty Building Belfast: Historical Memory and the Titanic B-6 10:10-10:25 Caroline Williams Only Belfast Museum That Which is Concealed is Protected: The Culper Ring and the Professionalization of A-13, 2:30-2:45 Mary Bougoulias and Mats Spying Israelsson Me, Myself and My Spine 10:25-10:35 BREAK STETSON SCHOOL OF LAW 2:00-2:15 BREAK

B-7, 10:35-10:50 Kasey Feltner Swipe Right B-15, 2:15-2:30 Ashley del Cid American for ISIS: Social Media and Material Support Exceptionalism and the U.S. Carceral State: Examining the U.S. as an outlier and of Terrorist Organizations analyzing the institutional and cultural differences B-8 10:55-11:10 Shelby A. Mars An Unconstitutional Constitutional B-16, 2:35-2:50 Matthew Vanaman Are you Amendment in the Context of Article III: enlightened? Exploring the relationship Why We Can’t (and Shouldn’t) Tell United between the enlightenment effect and the States Supreme Court Justices When to fundamental attribution error in evaluations of the homeless Retire

B-17, 2:55- 3:10 Christina Canalizo B-9 11:15-11:30 Marissa A. Cioffi Too Drunk Operation Swallow: The Expulsion of the to DUI: Saying "Yes" to the Test Isn't Germans from East of the Oder-Neisse Enough for Prosecutors in Georgia Line, 1946-1947

B-10, 11:35-11:50 Kara Rogers On the Side B-18, 3:15-3:30 Emmie Wenzell Demanding of the Angels: Who Does the Bible Really Sex: The Factors Driving Demand of Human Support in the Showdown between Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation Kentucky Clerk Kim Davis and Her LGBTQ

Constituents? ORAL PRESENTATIONS – SESSION C 11:50-12:45 – Lunch 257 Sage Hall Dr. Daniil Zavlunov, morning session chair

Dr. Lori Snook, afternoon session chair JUSTICE AND THE UNDER- Judges: Sims Kline, Dr. Gary Maris REPRESENTED RESEARCHING THE LOCAL: B-11 12:45-1:00 Daniel Humphrey Do DELAND/VOLUSIA/FLORIDA Actions Speak Louder than Words? C-1 9 :00-9 :15 Victoria Marsh Setting the B-12 1:05-1:20 Hannah Dean Toward an Scene for Shopping: A Visual-Rhetorical Inclusive Ethic of Difference: An Reading of Local Supermarkets Alternative Look at Animal Rights C-2, 9:20-9:35 Justin Baumann Applying B-13, 1:25-1:40 Kristyn Stetson SPEAK: Geospatial Connectivity: A Selective Mutism Awareness in Schools Multidimensional Analysis of Poverty Defined Census Blocks and Food Deserts B-14, 1:45-2:00 Maria Frank The Barbarians Within Deland, Florida in Question C-3, 9:40-9:55 Madeline Welsh The Johns C-11, 1:20-1:35 Crystal Britt American Committee, 1956-1965: Maintaining the Horror Story: Equipment through living? Social Status Quo Under the Guise of Fighting Communism in Florida C-12, 1:40-1: 55 Jason Cruz The Power of Narrative in The Odyssey C-4, 10:00-10:20 Daylan Ware How diverse sizes of conservation land serve different 1:55 -2:05 BREAK functions in Volusia County C-13, 2:05-2:20 Michelle Angel 10:20-10:30 BREAK Transatlantic Bias: a Contrastive Analysis of the Appreciation of French and C-5, 10:30-10:45 Jacob Thorburn American Art since the 18th Century Remembering the Forgotten Movement,

St. Augustine in the Civil Rights Era C-14 2:25-2:50 Michael Galvez Starfall: An Experience in Reality Immersion Theatre C-6 10:50 -11:05 Jordan Madio Potential

Relationship between Septic Tank Density and Nitrogen and Phosphorus C-15 2:55-3:10 Ariel Zeig Redefining Concentrations in Lake Water in Volusia Romance: A Rhetorical Narrative Criticism County FL of Vicky Cristina Barcelona and the Role of Familiarizing Audiences with Non- C-7, 11:10-11:25 Drew Smith-Denston The Monogamy

Grey State: How Florida Aided the C-16, 3:15-3:30 Stefanie Perosa A Historical Confederacy During the American Civil War and Contemporary Analysis of the

Dialectical Relationship between 11:25-12:15 Lunch Environmental Art and Environmental THE ARTS AS SOCIAL MESSAGE Movements from 1960 to the Present

C-8, 12:15-12:30 Alexandra Rasdal, Christina C-17 3:35-3:50 Sarah Dean Tomorrow Chamberlin, Kelsey Coulter, Callan Piazza, Never Knows: The rhetoric and Heather Kobus, Jennifer Stone Gender communication of John Lennon and Paul Differences in the Portrayal of Mental McCartney through their post-1966 songs Illness in Films with The Beatles

C-9, 12:35-12:50 Patrice Perkins “Acting Black” vs. “Acting White”: Mixed Methods of Perceived Racial Social Roles

C-10, 12:50--1:15 Amelia Vaughan and Kerry Lynch Acting in Learned Ladies

ORAL PRESENTATIONS – SESSION D 317 Flagler Hall D-7, 11:10-11:25 Jake Moore Paleography Dr. Ramee Indralingam, morning session and Editing in English Medieval Textuality: chair Transcribing Chaucerian Manuscripts Dr. David Hill, afternoon session chair Judges: Dr. Philip Handyside, Terry Grieb D-8 11:30-11:45 Gonzalo Arroyo-Baudet Drones 9 EDUCATION D-9 11:50-12:05 Luis Garcia The Learned D-1 8:45-9:00 Miranda Camp Can Anyone Ladies: Recreating 17th Century Lighting Be A Scientist? Exploring the Role Of Citizen Science In Coral Reef Research 12:05-1:00 Lunch

D-2, 9:05-9:20 Kayla Weller Communication THE COSTS OF TRANSPORT Styles of Correctional Educators and D-10 1:00-1:15 Jacob Martin Investigating Incarcerated Students: Relationship the Automotive Industry Building and Trust Within a Prison

Education Environment D-11, 1:20-1:35 Sara Nelmes Shanghai:

Urbanization, Smart Growth and D-3, 9:25-9:40 Brittany Kovalskaya Blended Learning: Changing the Role of a Teacher Sustainability Assistant D-12, 1:40-1:55 Timothy Hurst Chevron D-4, 9:45-10:00 Brenna Burgess The (CVX) Buy Recommendation Theatre and Education Collaboration 1:55-2:10 BREAK D-4A, 10:05-10:20 Lucille Williams- Fernandez and Keisha Nauth Gender D-13, 2:10-2:25 Austin Brown Influences of Differences in Health Related Behaviors the Oil Cartel among College Students D-14, 2:30-2:45 Emily Singer General 10:20-10:30 BREAK Motors’ Ignition Switch Crisis: A Case Study of Corporate Image Restoration Strategies D-5, 10:30-10:45 Sarah Lipsitz Teacher Preparation: An Analysis of the United States vs. Finland, Canada, and Singapore

D-6, 10:50-11:05 Abigail Thompson Saved by the Bell Schedule? A Study of High School Organizational Culture

NEW USES FOR TECHNOLOGY ORAL PRESENTATIONS – SESSION E Acoustic Levitation Using a One- Rinker Auditorium, Lynn Business Center Dimensional Tranduscer Configuration Dr. Alicia Slater, Morning session chair Dr. Cynthia Bennington, Afternoon Session E-8, 11:20-11:35 John Massey The effect of Chair reproductive status on innate immunity in Judges: Dr. Thomas Vogel, Dr. Deborah the pigmy rattlesnake (Sistrurus miliarus Goldring barbouri)

SCIENCE ACROSS THE SPECTRUM I E-9, 11:40-11:55 Zach Rosson Orbital behavior around a nonuniform celestial E-1 9:00-9:15 Stephanos Alichos The Effect body of Bidens alba Seed Density on the 11:40-12:30 Lunch Germination of Three Native Sandhill

Species SCIENCE ACROSS THE SPECTRUM II

E-2 9:20-9:35 Vanna Blasczak 3D printing of E -10 12:30-12:45 Miranda Camp Does porous materials for catalytic applications body type really matter? Relating climate change, coral morphology and resiliency E-3, 9:40-9:55 Nikolette Birky The Effect of

Arginine Vasotocin on Maternal Care in E-11 12:50-1:05 Genevieve Patrick Gut Pygmy Rattlesnakes (Sistrurus miliarius) content analysis comparing the Sailfin E-4,10:00-10:15 Benjamin Chase Do Molly (Poecilia latipinna) and Eastern charismatic plants in a grassland on Lopez Mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) in Island, WA face local extinction due to the Volusia Blue Spring dual threats of shrub encroachment and invasive species? E-12 1:10-1:25 Brittany Peterson Determining the optimal E-5, 10:20-10:35 Ciera McCoy Seasonal phosphate/nitrate ratios and growth Variation in Immune Function, Energetic conditions of Cylindrospermopsis Status, and Infection with Snake Fungal raciborskii Disease in Free-Ranging Pigmy Rattlesnakes (Sistrurus miliarius) in Central E-13, 1:30-1:45 Tabitha Petri Restoration of Florida sandhill ecosystems: The importance of

10:35-10:45 BREAK soil fungi on the growth of a native perennial, Liatris tenuifolia E-6, 10:45-11:00 Ashni Deschenes and Laurie Scott Creatine, Food For Thought? E-14, 1:50-2:05 Kevin Serrano The Benefits of Carbon Nanotube Scaffolding on E-7 11:05-11:15 Jonathon Lockwood Neuronal Growth Calculating the Effectiveness of Ultrasonic 2:05-2:20 BREAK E-15, 2:20-2:35 Anita Porth Post- Honors Project Presentations, Session 2, parturient maternal and offspring behavior 10.45-12pm in Pigmy Rattlesnakes (Sistrurus miliarius)

Marissa Thomas, Hatters on the Run E-16 2:40-2:55 Tahirah Scott-Anderson Air- breathing of juvenile Pterygoplichthys Anika Reichwald, and Girls on the disjunctivus (Loricariidae) Matthew Babikow Run

E-17 3:00-3:15 Hannah Vansumeren Local Sage Bruhl Stetson Gear Drive adaptation of venom lethality in Pigmy Rattlesnakes (Sistrurus miliarius): Evidence Mercedes Gorman Crochet Service from reciprocal tests with treefrog prey Day

E-18 3:20-3:35 Benjamin Chase The effect Noah Katz, Noa Abrahamic of chronic herbivory on floral volatile Bauman production in Passiflora incarnata: A Religions bioassay with honeybees Discussion

SESSION F Cassidy Campbell, Stetson Coalition HONORS I PRESENTATIONS Nicholas Ikegami, 322 Elizabeth Hall Arthur Tran of Musical Dr. Michael Denner, Session Chair Performers Honors Project Presentations, Session 1

9-10.30

Honors Project Presentations, Session 2B, Brianna Cupp Honors Talent Show / Open 12-1 Mic

Michael Surplus Food from the Hayden Estey Language Krusick Commons Partnership Program Kathleen Clothing Drive Hamm Lauren Spratt, Brianna Youth Civic Cupp, Kiki Sutherland Engagement Taylor Clarke Stetson Connected Lesson

Abigail Hassett, Haley Ice Cream Social Gaynor with FUMCH

Honors Project Presentations, Session 3, 1- 2:30

Cleo Koenig Environmental SESSION G Photography Booth HONORS TUTORIALS Honors House 2:30-4:30 Amber Deets & Sam Sea Turtles with Marine Dr. Grady Ballenger, Session Chair McPherson Science Center

Abagail Ault Dungeons and Dragons T-1 2:30-2:45 Lindsey Ellis Integrative tournament Medicine Seminar

Kathryn Renae Appreciating Human Art T-2 2:50-3:05 Nicholas Fuller and James Metcalf Russo Rhetoric: The Art of Persuasion Rachel Regester- Drive and Dance Camp Goumas with Boys and Girls Club T-3 3:10-3:25 Enric Cordoba and Sarah Coffey Ecological Economics Todd Kaiser, Daniel Students for Life Keiser, & Cody T-4 3:30-3:45 Ryan White, Barrett Hand The Carrigan After-College Transition (TACT) Course

Honors Project Presentations, Session 4, T-5 3:50-4:05 Conflict Studies 2:45-4 (6 sessions)

T-6 4:10-4:25 Mariana Prado Study Abroad Kelsey Maglio Conversations about

Hunger and

Homelessness

Hudson DeVoe, Lauren Books For Africa Drive Durham, Brett 5:00-5:45 PRE-BANQUET Salerno, Matthew RECEPTION* Sweeney Nemec Courtyard Porter Crapps Hatters Down Under: Open to presenters and SCUBA Diving and Snorkeling Club mentors. *Bring ID’s Benjamin Griffiths Passion Lecture Series

Breanna McDermott Women in Gaming: The Struggle for Identity experience of the world, however, is anything but rigid. Can the undergraduate experience, in four short years, accurately respond to the world these students are about to enter? Should it? Is there a way to merge fundamental, systematic learning with practical, meaning-making experiences?

In this talk, award-winning playwright and

Professor of Theatre Jennifer Blackmer 5: 45 EVENING BANQUET AND discusses her work in collaborative playwriting with undergraduates, resulting AWARDS in such science and history-based plays as STETSON ROOM, CUB The Human Faustus Project, Daughters of Trinity, and If You Don’t Outdie Me, and 6:15: explores the deep connections between the 2016 Grady Ballenger Lecturer scientific method, research in the humanities, and the process of making of Jennifer Blackmer art. Associate Professor of Theatre Director of Immersive Learning, Virginia B. Jennifer Blackmer is the 2015 PEN/Laura Ball Center for Creative Inquiry Pels International Foundation for Theatre Ball State University Emerging American playwright. Based in the Midwest, she is an Associate Professor of All the World’s a Laboratory: Theatre and Director of Immersive Learning What the Sciences and at Ball State University. Her plays have been seen in New York, Los Angeles, Minneapolis, Humanities Can Learn from the Indianapolis, Berkeley and St. Louis, and Performing Arts include Human Terrain (The Lark, Mustard Seed Theatre, 5th Wall Theatre, IAMA Students today are suffering from an Theatre Company), Unraveled (Theatre advanced case of “hardening of the Unbound, Nashville Repertory Theatre), categories.” As the world evolves, forging Alias Grace (Illinois Shakespeare Festival) interconnectedness, web-based learning and Delicate Particle Logic (Indra’s Net, The and the idea economy, our educational Playwrights’ Center, Break-a-Leg systems clamp further down, forcing Productions at CUNY Graduate Center, knowledge into standardized tests, FTE NYC). Unraveled was named one of the ten hours, state rankings and government best productions in the Twin Cities by funding. As institutions across the country Lavender Magazine, and Jennifer was accumulate mountains of data on student lauded for superior achievement in successes, our undergraduates find playwriting. Her work has been a finalist for themselves learning how to learn in the the David Charles Horn Prize for Emerging most rigid of environments. Their Playwrights (Yale Drama Competition), the Fratti-Newman Political Play Contest, the extension rates were measured as overall Firehouse Festival of New American growth from the shoot base to the staple after Theatre, the O’Neill National Playwrights’ Blanch et al (1998). After 54 days, we Conference and a semi-finalist for the measured the original plants’ morphological Princess Grace Award and the growth, asexual reproduction and leaf extension rates, and then ran T-tests comparing Shakespeare's Sister Fellowship. She is measures of growth between light treatments. currently developing Human Terrain as a Shoot, root, and overall lengths showed no motion picture with B Powered Productions significant difference between treatments. in Los Angeles. Recent directing credits However, plants in the high light treatment had include the American premiere of Lost: A significantly greater runner production (p = Memoir at Indiana Repertory Theatre, and 0.0338), wet weight (p = 0.0011), and number numerous productions at Ball State of leaves (p = 0.0027). The original plants University. exhibited asexual reproduction in both treatments, but this reproduction was higher in the high light treatment; this difference could indicate a tradeoff between traits that enhance fitness under different conditions.

P20 Hayley Barr (Dr. Michael King) ABSTRACTS [email protected] Neurological and Behavioral Aggression in POSTER Norway and Wistar Rats

P53 Robert A. Barber (Dr. Kirstin Work) Aggression plays a variety of roles in social [email protected] interactions in humans and animals alike. The High and low light propagation of Vallisneria Resident-Intruder (RI) test is commonly used to americana (variety Suwannee Narrow) as a study aggressive activity in rats, which involves suggestive reintroduction limitation into exposing an established resident rat to an Volusia Blue Spring unknown intruder rat, typically a male, in the resident rat’s territory. Using immunohistology Vallisneria americana is a dioecious aquatic staining, researchers have identified methods to macrophyte that once inhabited Volusia Blue quantify regions of the brain that have high Spring, and can diversify ecological habitats by neurological activity, particularly in aggression- providing food and protection for a variety of correlated regions. Following this research, the species. A pilot study (Work et al. 2013-14) current study utilized the RI test and found discrepancies in light exposure to plants immunohistology c-Fos staining to determine between reintroduction sites in the spring that whether a difference exists in aggressive correlated with successful growth; therefore, behaviors in two strains of rats: Norway rats, light availability could limit plant growth. We which are genetically predisposed towards examined V. americana (Suwannee Narrows aggression, and Wistar rats, which are standard, variety) growth under low (27.3 m-2s-1) and non-aggressive laboratory rats. It is high (66.1 m-2s-1) light treatments in ten hypothesized that the Wistar rats will display replicate water tight bags, suspended on two fewer aggressive behaviors than the Norway wooden frames, with two plants in each bag. rats. Additionally, it is hypothesized that Wistar We hand-punched a staple into a new plant leaf rats will have less neuronal activation in regions two centimeters from the rosette base and leaf such as the paraventricular nucleus, the hypothalamic attack area, and the basolateral amygdala than the Norway rat strain. Four male P37 Ilana Brodzki (Dr. Danielle Lindner) Norway rats and four male Wistar rats were [email protected] acquired. The RI test was administered to all Are body image ideals shifting to a lean body rats, and aggression scores were calculated type? A study of body ideals in men and using the number of aggressive actions and women time spent performing the actions. Neurons were counted using c-Fos immunohistology Past body image research has focused on staining in the regions of the basolateral women’s desire to achieve a “thin ideal” and amygdala, the paraventricular nucleus, and the men’s desire to achieve a “muscular ideal.” Less hypothalamic attack area. The results indicate studied is the “lean ideal” which describes a that there were no significant differences in the lean, athletic-shaped body that might now neuron staining between the rat strains in any more accurately represent the ideal body type of the brain areas. However, there was a for 18-30 year olds. In the present study, the significant difference in the aggressive scores researchers sought to determine if there is a calculated using the behavior of the rats. The shift in body ideals for men and women toward Norway rat strain behaved significantly more a lean body type. Through an online survey, 370 aggressively than the Wistar rat strain, participants completed a questionnaire about supporting the hypothesis. Further their body satisfaction, current and ideal body experimentation with more subjects in the types, drives for muscularity, thinness, and future will hopefully expand on this research. leanness, and demographics. Our results supported the hypothesis that both men P2 Sheila Bonnough (Dr. Kevin Riggs) (60.9%) and women (63.3%) have the lean body [email protected] type as their ideal body. Consistent with The Speed of Light Measured by Jupiter’s previous research, women scored significantly Moon, Io higher on the drive for thinness and men scored significantly higher on drive for leanness. Observing Jupiter during different parts of the Inconsistent with previous research, women year, roughly two months apart, allows us to scored significantly higher on drive for make a measurement of the speed of light. This muscularity than men. Future research can measurement was first done by Danish examine the eating and exercise behaviors of astronomer Ole Romer in 1676, but it is now men and women with the ideal body type to possible to improve on his accuracy determine the implications of this shift. substantially using modern techniques. This will be done by observing Jupiter’s moon, Io. In P52 Joshua Cappabianca (Dr. Kirstin Work) order to do this we must know Jupiter’s orbit, [email protected] as well as where it is relative to Earth. In two Gender Differences in the Otoliths of the months earth will have moved a sixth of the Vermiculated Suckermouth Sailfin Armored way through its orbit decreasing the distance Catfish (Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus) in Blue between Earth and Jupiter. This difference is Spring, Florida great enough that there is a measurable difference in the time it takes from seeing Io go In order to better understand growth patterns into Jupiter’s shadow due to the finite speed of in the Vermiculated Suckermouth Sailfin light. The result was a speed of light measured Armored Catfish (Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus), at 3.03X108m/s, which gives a percent error of an invasive species found in Florida, Texas, 1.1%. Hawaii, and Nevada, we analyzed otoliths from 96 fish collected from Volusia Blue Spring from 2008 to 2015. The physical characteristics of the otoliths were combined as a ratio of otolith thickness to otolith length (OT/OL). We $19,038,204.60. On average, hospitalization compared the OT/OL ratios of males and expenses for LC patients categorized by payer females using an ANCOVA test. OT/OL was then type were incurred most prominently by compared to body mass, body length, and Medicare (67.57%), followed by commercial otolith mass via a regression analysis. Males health insurance (16.12%), Medicaid (8.26%), were found to have higher OT/OL ratios than other state/local government (1.11%) and other did females as their standard length and body sources ranging from <1% to 2.19%. mass increased. This was attributed to females putting more energy into reproductive assets P38 Alex Clark (Dr. J. Anthony Abbott) (gonads) rather than increased body size than [email protected] do males. No significant difference was A GIS approach to analyzing Lake Beresford for discovered with regard to otolith mass the phytoremediation potential of Pistia compared to OT/OL. Using this information, we stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes will be able to learn more about the population dynamics, evolutionary strategies, and life One of the many problems our local water ways histories of P. disjunctivus. are facing is nutrient loading. Nutrient loading is when excessive nitrogen and phosphorus enter P21 Audrey Cherin and Fidel Vazquez (Dr. Laura a given waterbody, as a result eutrophication Gunn) can occur. Eutrophication is the overall [email protected] degradation of water quality because of too Lung Cancer Hospitalization & Mortality in much available nutrients; algal blooms, lower Volusia: A County and Sub-County Overview of dissolved oxygen, higher turbidity, changes to Death Rates & Financial Costs of pH, among other changes can occur in the Hospitalizations Due to Lung Cancer ecosystem that result in a struggling . To aid in phytoremediation efforts (using plants as a Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of U.S. biotic agent for bioremediation) and to propose cancer-related deaths. The Healthy People 2020 an alternative to current invasive growth objective is to decrease LC deaths by 10%. to management practices I used ArcGIS to model 45.5. The study purpose is to assess LC mortality three possible scenarios in which Pistia in Volusia for disparities and identify hospital Stratiotes (water lettuce) and Eichhornia charges. The study was in collaboration with crassipes (water hyacinth) could be used in the Florida Department of Health-Volusia. Statistical phytoremediation of Lake Beresford and the analyses were performed using SPSS and Excel surrounding area; I also suggest harvesting the on county and sub-county 2010-2014 resulting biomass to effectively remove the population data (deaths, hospitalizations, and nutrients from the water and using it to ambulatory/emergency visits). In 2014, Florida’s generate a hearty compost that could replace age-adjusted LC mortality rate was 41.7; the use of inorganic fertilizer that cyclically Volusia’s was 48.8, constituting 40.30% of all contributes in a positive feedback loop. Volusia cancer deaths. LC mortality rates were higher in Whites (49.9), followed by Blacks P3 Tracy-Lynn Cleary (Dr. Paul Sibbald) (34.8) and Hispanics (28.4). The northeast [email protected] quadrant of Volusia saw the highest rate.. The Photoreactivity of 2-Methoxy-4-(2- 5-year trend seen in LC mortality rates by phthalimidinyl)phenylsulfonyl Chloride* gender fluctuated for males, yet females have seen a decline since 2011. The 5-year average 2-Methoxy-4-(2-phthalimidinyl)phenylsulfonyl hospitalization cost per patient with primary chloride(MPS-Cl) is a fluorescent probe used in diagnosis of LC was $55,667.26 and the total labeling phenols and cresols. Desirable average for all patient charges was properties of fluorescent labeling agents are moisture and light stability. However, of enterolactone was a result of apoptosis. With photochemically induced reactivity of 2- further investigation into the mechanism methoxy-4-(2-phthalimidinyl)phenylsulfonyl utilized by enterolactone to induce apoptosis, chloride(MPS-Cl) was observed in aqueous and this naturally occurring compound can plausibly organic solvents under ultraviolet irradiation. be incorporated into the endocrine therapy of Reaction parameters and product lung cancer patients. characterization will be discussed. *Acknowledgment is made to the Stetson P4 Kay Colon-Motas (Dr. Richard Medlin) University Undergraduate Research (SURE) [email protected] Grant, Stetson Dean’s Fund, Stetson’s Honors Is Your Parents’ Relationship Affecting Your Program, Stetson Chemistry Department and Own? The Influence of Parental Infidelity and the Robert Gawley Memorial Fund for Attachment Style on Love Beliefs in Romantic financially supporting this research and Relationships in Young Adults providing the necessary resources to complete this project. Parental infidelity and other traumatic experiences during development have been P22 Jordan Cockfield (Dr. Roslyn Crowder) discovered to lead to a negative internalized [email protected] view of the self and influence attachment style. Flaxseed Lignan, Enterolactone, Found To The initial individual-attachment figure Induce Apoptosis in Non-Small Cell Lung relationship has been shown to be best Carcinoma Cells mirrored by later romantic relationships. It was hypothesized that experiencing parental Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer- infidelity would increase the likelihood that an related death in both men and women in the individual would develop an insecure style of United States. Treatment of lung cancer varies attachment, as well as hold more negative among surgery, radiation therapy, and views about love and romantic relationships. chemotherapy. Although some treatments are This study utilized data from 262 participants, effective, they each possess setbacks and rare consisting of 171 females, 85 males, and 6 complete remission responses. Presently, plant individuals who identified as other or did not extracts have been an increasingly popular provide their sex. The majority of participants alternative remedy for patients undergoing were currently involved in a romantic cancer therapy. From previous studies, relationship with an average length of 33 enterolactone, a mammalian lignan richly found months. Participants completed an autonomous in flaxseeds, was revealed to play a significant online survey, consisting of the Relationship role in cancer prevention in breast and prostate Questionnaire, Relationship Belief Scale, cancer via its induction of apoptosis and Simplified Scales of the Basic Components of inhibition of cellular proliferation. The purpose Love. Chi-squared analysis revealed that of this novel study was to investigate the individuals with an insecure attachment style anticancer properties of enterolactone on NCI- were more likely to have experienced parental H460 non-small cell lung carcinoma cells. By infidelity than participants with a secure employing cell viability assays with increasing attachment style, χ² (4) = 10.23 (p = .037). concentrations of enterolactone, the data Parental infidelity however did not significantly depicted an inverse relationship between the affect either relationship beliefs or attitudes tumor cells’ viability and the enterolactone about the components of love. Participants with concentration: increased concentrations of the insecure-anxious attachment style had the enterolactone lead to decreased percentages of most positive views of romantic relationships. cell viability. Through a cell death assay, we Suggesting that these participants held the were able to determine that the cytotoxic effect highest expectations for what they considered to be successful relationships; while those with highest levels of nitrates and orthophosphates a secure style of attachment characterized each due to the urban development surrounding it; love component more highly in their romantic whereas Rock Springs would have the highest relationships. abundance of Floridobia present and lowest levels of nitrates and orthophosphates due to P11 Shelby Curren (Dr. Roslyn Crowder) the forest land-use surrounding it. I [email protected] hypothesized that there would be high levels of Comparison of Genistein-induced Cell Death in nitrates and/or orthophosphates in Sanlando T-cell leukemia Jurkat and Nonmalignant Lung and Wekiva Springs because of the neighboring Fibroblast MRC-5 Cells urban land use and low levels of nitrates in Rock Spring because of the surrounding forested Genistein is a potential chemotherapy area. Data were collected from Sanlando, represented by its notable reduction of cell Wekiva, and Rock Springs on the following viability. Continuing previous research that species: Floridobia ponderosa, Floridobia showed a time and dose dependent decrease in wekiwae, and Floridobia petrifons, cell viability when treated with genistein, this respectively.The relationship between land use research seeks to compare genistein’s effects and water quality indicators in the springs was on malignant T-cell leukemia Jurkat cells and inconsistent. There was no significant nonmalignant lung fibroblast MRC-5 cells. relationship between nitrate or orthophosphate Genistein caused cell death in both cell lines level with snail abundance. over 24 and 48 hour treatment periods. In the 48 hour trial, genistein treatment resulted in P40 Stetson DeMartino (Dr. Melissa Gibbs) less cell viability in the cancer cells than in the [email protected] nonmalignant cells. This is significant as it The Effect of Atrazine on the Embryological proves that genistein is effective in causing cell Development of Zebrafish death at a higher rate in cancer cells than nonmalignant cells, and therefore may be of Atrazine is the most commonly used herbicide use as a chemotherapy. in the world, and while the European Union banned atrazine use in 2004, the United States P23 Sara Davidovich (Dr. Alicia Slater ) government has not. The EPA set a maximum [email protected] accepted level of 0.003mg/L of atrazine in The effects of land use and water quality on waterways. Unfortunately, atrazine levels in Floridobia spp. (Mollusca:Gastropoda) some places are currently surpassing this by as population densities much as 5000% in some areas. Atrazine exposure in fish and frogs has been associated Freshwater gastropods are being threatened by with reduced immunity and gonadal destruction of habitat and water pollution. In abnormalities. I exposed zebrafish embryos to a particular Floridobia floridana is an endangered range of atrazine concentrations (1, 5, 10, 100, species in Central Florida. Differences in land- and 150ppm), and after they hatched I use around the St. Johns River District may measured total body length, head width and affect the water quality indicators. Agricultural depth, and body width, and recorded any land and urban development result in higher abnormalities. An ANOVA and several t-Tests levels of nitrates and orthophosphates than do indicated that there was a dose dependent forest areas; these higher levels are associated decrease in survival with increased atrazine with a decline in abundance of invertebrates, concentrations and the control group was the such as freshwater gastropods. I hypothesized only group that had no abnormalities. There that Sanlando and Wekiva Spring would have was no significant dose dependence between the least number of Floridobia present and the control and exposed groups for body width or head depth or length, although atrazine caused the U.S. We assessed death, hospitalization, and a reduction in body length. There was a emergency department population data from significant threshold response indicating an the Florida Department of Health-Volusia to atrazine concentration of at least 100ppm was investigate trends in alcohol-related events at associated with decreased head depth. county and sub-county levels. When comparing age-adjusted rates of alcoholic liver disease and P5 Adrienne DeVita, Zachary Dyer, Keegan cirrhosis deaths, the 2014 rate in Volusia (16.9 Tanner (Dr. Magoc) per 100,000 population) exceeds the 2014 [email protected] Florida rate (12.0 per 100,000 population) and Gender differences in physical activity and 2013 national rate (10.2 per 100,000 related beliefs among adults participating in population). Results show that rates pertaining YMCA programs to Northeast quadrant residents (including Daytona Beach) surpass rates of the three other The consistent relationship between regular PA quadrants for nearly all analyses. The greatest and disease has made lack of PA a major public disparities are seen within gender. Concurring health concern This study examined gender with national trends, Volusia males experience differences in levels of PA, Social Cognitive an alcohol related event more frequently than Theory beliefs related to PA, and relationships females. Age-adjusted rates for alcohol related between beliefs and behavior in a sample of hospitalizations in 2014 were 261.9 for men YMCA members. Besides demographic compared with 139.1 for women per 100,000 variables, 73 members, predominantly white population, respectively. These events occur adults ages 18-93, of the Deland YMCA more frequently in the third quarter of the year. completed a questionnaire assessing levels of Although alcohol-related health issues are a PA as well as Social Cognitive Theory variables. major concern, analyses of county-level motor The results indicated significant gender vehicle crash data obtained from the differences in levels of PA with men being Department of Transportation reveal a declining significantly more physically active than women trend in alcohol-related crashes between 2009- on Vigorous Days (F(1,73) = 20.30, p < .001). 2013 for both state and non-state roads. Men and women also significantly differed in their PA beliefs with men having significantly P24 Khaled Eldeeb (Dr. Terrence Farrell) greater Self-Efficacy for PA than women (F(1,73) [email protected] = 14.33, p < .001). It is crucial to enhance health Effects of Prey Type, Initial Body Posture, and promotion strategies by targeting key Tail Position on Caudal Luring by Sistrurus motivators for participation in PA in such a way miliarius to have a greater impact on individuals. Encouraging and targeting PA together with Pigmy rattlesnakes Sistrurus miliarius barbouri cognitive changes including the development of exhibit caudal luring to capture prey with high self-efficacy might be of great interest for several different species of frogs and lizard. We future research. conducted a field experiment to test whether P55 Dominique Drager and Rachel Lee (Dr. prey type, the snake’s initial body posture or Laura Gunn) the position of its tail affected the likelihood of [email protected]; [email protected] the snake caudal luring. We videotaped a Alcohol Related Events in Volusia County Using sample of sixty neonate pigmy rattlesnakes for Population Health Data, 2010-2014 fifteen minutes each after having a lizard or frog tied to a tree branch introduced to them. The Excessive alcohol consumption results in prey was either the green anoles (Anolis numerous health and social issues and is the carolinensis) or the green tree frogs (Hyla fourth leading cause of preventable death in squirella). Caudal luring was not significantly associated to prey type, the snake’s initial body low-toxicity, and optical properties. Other posture, or the position of its tail. The mean metallic nanoparticles have been extensively latency for caudal luring seemed vague to be studied because of their ideal optical higher with lizards than with frogs. Pigmy properties, such as a wide excitation and rattlesnakes seem to use the same foraging narrow emission spectra, and ease of biological tactics for lizards and frogs. interactions due to small particle size.3 Gold nanoparticles offer an encouraging alternative P41 Anja Erwin (Dr. Kristin Work) to other, often toxic, metallic nanoparticles due [email protected] to their low toxicity and history of medicinal Effect of Trichechus manatus latirostris on Blue use. I synthesized gold nanoparticles using a Spring food web using stable isotope analysis traditional Turkevich method of a citrate reduction of a gold precursor. The synthesized Food webs depict the interactions between gold nanoparticles were characterized, with size producers and consumers and are important and fluorescence being of key importance. tools in understanding the dynamic of an *Funding from the Stetson University Chemistry ecosystem. With an understanding of the food Department. Special thanks to Dr. Riggs for his web, we can better study how exotic species time and help with the Atomic Force and other disturbances may affect the Microscope. ecosystem. Florida manatees, Trichechus manatus latirostris, are seasonal disturbances P36 Sebastian Florez and Richard Roe (Dr. at Blue Spring in Volusia County, FL, where they Daniel Plante) seek thermal refuge during colder seasons and [email protected]; [email protected] consequently release tons of organic matter Mobile Attack Vectors: Crippling Infrastructure into the spring. Stable isotope analysis (δ13C via Exploiting Protocols at the Application and δ15N) was used to determine isotopic Layer signatures for algae, amphipods, mollies, and Traditional Denial of Service attacks function by mosquitofish during spring and fall seasons. overloading an infrastructure’s traffic with the Grab samples were gathered near the boil and directed broadcasting of a high volume of mid-run of Blue Spring using a seine net and network traffic, often via the usage of multiple tested at the UC Davis Stable Isotope Facility. infected computers. These attacks require an The data revealed a significant difference in exorbitant amount of resources to work, and as δ15N signatures for all samples when the such are generally performed at a massive manatees were present but no significant scale. However, by exploiting the way that difference between the boil and mid-run. certain key applications and their configurations Alternately, there was no significant change in handle different protocols, an attack can be δ13C signatures when manatees were present crafted that can achieve the same level of or between sites. These data suggest that impact as the more traditional approaches, but manatee presence at Blue Spring causes a can be used from systems that have limited disturbance of δ15N signatures. available resources, namely mobile phones and embedded systems. The purpose of this P6 Jaime Fields (Dr. Deborah Maxwell) research is to carefully examine the way that [email protected] common applications are designed and Fluorescent gold nanoparticles for cellular configured to handle different types of data. biomedical applications * We intend to demonstrate how these DoS (Denial of Service) attacks can be performed Colloidal gold nanoparticles demonstrate from an environment with limited available promising potential towards applications in memory and processing power. cellular imaging due to their biocompatibility, P7 Erin M. Foster (Dr. Kevin Riggs) on its practicality easier. [email protected] P25 Hailey Hernandez (Dr. Alicia Slater) Measuring Gamma Ray Production Using [email protected] Positron Annihilation from the Radioactive Genotype by Sequencing Improves Resolution Source 22Na of Genetic Relationships among Stonefly Clades in the Great Basin Positron annihilation is the process by which a positron and electron collide and produce two Phylogeography is the study of the geographic gamma rays travelling in opposite directions. distribution of genetic differentiation. Stonefly These gamma rays were measured using two phylogeography in the Great Basin of western Geiger counters connected to a coincidence North America has been studied previously, detector. Data was collected using the positron with three clades (distinct genetic groups) being emission source Na22. The Geiger counters identified; however, the relationships between started 180° in angular separation and both the clades were unclear. The goal of our 2.5cm away from the source. One counter was research was to improve the understanding of then moved to smaller angular separation in 5° clade relationships and estimates of clade increments until they were 160° apart. This was divergence time. We used a powerful tool then repeated for 10cm and 15cm distances. known as genotype by sequencing or GBS to The results showed that when close, the Geiger develop the resolution amongst clades using Counters were picking up two Gamma rays single nucleotide polymorphisms. We filtered from two different annihilations within a time the data set to 1,023 unique SNPs representing window such that the coincidence detector was individual loci from 79 sampled individuals; getting false positives. In order for the Geiger previous estimates were based on only one counters to be accurately used in the future, it locus. A common issue with GBS is missing data, is was found that they need to be placed no and a large amount of work was devoted to closer than 5cm but no farther than 25cm from resolving the missingness throughout our data the source. set. This higher resolution data set is helpful for clarifying the relationships between clades and P42 Joshua Geary (Dr. Kevin Riggs) improving divergence time estimates. [email protected] Defining Parameters for Sonoluminescence P43 Jane Ketcham (Dr. Terence Farrell) [email protected] Sonoluminescence (SL) is the process of The effect of prey odor on the selection of creating light from the acoustically driven foraging sites by neonate Sistrurus miliarius collapse of a gas bubble in a liquid. It is often barbouri called “Star in a Jar” as the light is bluish in nature and resembles a star in the night sky. SL The dusky pygmy rattlesnake, Sistrurus miliarius is grouped into two categories: Multi-Bubble SL barbouri, is a sit and wait predator. It uses and Single-Bubble SL. MBSL is erratic and hard chemical cues to select foraging sites and to study. SBSL describes the trapping of one employs caudal luring to attract prey. To test if bubble and causing its collapse. This makes it neonates also used olfactory cues, we observed easier to study the phenomenon. Construction the response of 60 snakes to one of three prey of SBSL apparatus and the identification of odors: green tree frog, green anole, and characteristics necessary for successful SL are centipede. We introduced the prey odors on undergone. Additionally, because the wooden blocks 24-48 hours after initial mechanism isn’t entirely understood, its placement of neonates into the arena. After applications are yet to be determined. another 24 hours we took pictures to document Understanding how SL works makes judgment their chosen foraging location, body orientation, and posture. We found that there antibacterial and antifungal properties. Even was a statistically significant spatial-preference though initial trials determined that Triclosan is for stimulus blocks versus unscented control neither carcinogenic, mutagenic nor blocks. Also when testing against the three prey teratogenic, the FDA has called for renewed odors, we found significant results in the attention on the possible effects it may have on difference between prey odors in the number the environment and potentially, human health. of snakes that selected a foraging site near a The FDA’s concern arises from the fact that stimulus block. These results suggest that not Triclosan is one of the most widely found only do neonate dusky pygmy rattle snakes use organic wastewater contaminants in the olfaction to select foraging sites, but that they environment, and it has been linked to also may have a preference for green tree frogs, disrupting thyroid-mediated development, and green anoles over centipedes. inducing behavioral abnormalities, and inflicting early mortality in amphibians. I exposed P18A Ashley Krineski (Dr. Paul Sibbald) Ambystoma mexicanum embryos to different [email protected] concentrations of Triclosan to assess the effects Lewis Acid Catalyzed [3+3] Annulation of 1,1- that it has on early amphibian embryological Cyclopropane Diesters with Epoxides: development. The axolotls were exposed during Synthesis of Tetrahydropyran Rings their blastula stage to varying concentrations of Triclosan based on concentration commonly A 3+3 annulation has been developed by the found in the environment (14 μg /L). I cyclopropanation of substituted epoxides hypothesized that axolotl embryos exposed to stabilized by ytterbium(III) triflate to generate higher concentrations of Triclosan were going highly substituted tetrahydropyran rings. to be smaller in size, weigh less, and experience more mortality than controls. I took P18 Jozefina Logu (Dr. Erin Moore) measurements of head length, body length, jlogu@stetson. body weight, and mortality. My statistical “All About Pleasure”: Potential User analysis determined that as Triclosan Responses to Female Condom Video* concentration increased, the body length of the axolotls embryos linearly decreased. Body A sample of 570 participants recruited online weight measurements varied depending on the completed evaluated a female condom concentration without a clear linear pattern. promotional video and two different female There was no statistical significant data on head condom packages. They found the video length or mortality after Triclosan exposure. educational but more appealing to women; suggestions were made to reduce awkward P56 Alexandra Lyubimova (Dr. Michael King) dialogue and possibly reshoot using American [email protected] voices. They preferred more colorful packaging Fewer activated neurons in the hippocampus over white. of rats exposed to a higher fat and refined *Funded by the Stetson SURE grant. sugar diet

P26 Eduardo A. Lopez (Dr. Melissa Gibbs) Previous studies have found that High saturated [email protected] Fat and Sugar diet (HFS) consumption is The effects of Triclosan on embryonic associated with a decreased ability to recall the development of Ambystoma mexicanum amount eaten and a reduced sensitivity to internal signals of hunger and satiety. Sensory Triclosan is a key ingredient in many specific satiety is an imperative mechanism in germicidal health care and consumer products. meal termination. Failure to activate this It has been used for over 50 years for its mechanism can lead to overeating and obesity in the long term. Rats fed HFS diet for 25 days concentration levels and lower percent cell did not show a significantly decreased sensory viability was found with the media specific satiety following consumption of high supplemented at 5% FBS solution and revealed calorie solution (p=0.287). After behavioral statistically significant data. We conclude that testing it was found that fewer Fos-IR neurons to fully assess Puerarin’s ability to induce Jurkat were activated in the dorsal hippocampus of cell death, one must consider external growth the HFS diet rats. After further investigations it factors used to supplement growth media. was found that CA3 subregion showed fewer neurons activated in the HFS diet group P9 Kelsey McCurdy (Dr. Michael King) compared to the control (p=0.035), indicating [email protected] impaired memory. Rats on the HFS diet failed to Identifying the increase in reactivity behaviors retain short-term information regarding and distribution of Fos-IR neurons in the GC in recently consumed solution and hence failed to response to 1.0 M NaCl solution in conscious exhibit sensory-specific satiety. Thus, exposure rats to obesogenic diets disrupts activity of the hippocampus involved in the associative The gustatory cortex (GC) is responsible memory network. for encoding chemical information into taste perception. Neurons in the GC respond to P44 Kenneth Massa (Dr. Roslyn Crowder) chemical stimuli from five tastes: salty, sour, [email protected] bitter, sweet, and umami (the taste of Effects of Fetal Bovine Serum in Growth Media glutamate). The behavioral responses to a taste, on Puerarin-induced Jurkat Leukemia known as taste reactivity (TR) behaviors, were Apoptosis videotaped during intra-oral infusion of 1.0 M NaCl solution. Also, the location of neurons in This study evaluated Puerarin-induced Jurkat the gustatory cortex (GC) activated by intra-oral leukemia apoptosis within cells grown in media infusion of solutions in conscious rats was containing various concentrations of Fetal mapped using Fos immunohistochemistry. A Bovine Serum (FBS). Puerarin is an isoflavanoid group of adult male Wistar rats (n=4) received derived from the root system of the Kudzu plant 1.0 M NaCl through intra-oral infusion, and (Pueraria lobate) in Southeast Asia and has were compared to controls from a previous been used in many in vitro and in vivo studies study (dH2O, 0.1 M NaCl). Fos-immunoreactive over the past century (Dubey, 2008). It was (Fos-IR) neurons were counted in 8 sections noted that Puerarin induced Jurkat cell death in throughout the anterior-posterior extent of the a dose-dependent manner at supplemented GC in the granular (GI), dysgranular (DI), and FBS concentrations of 5% and 10%. Considering dorsal and ventral agranular (AID and AIV) Puerarin was dissolved in Dimethyl Sulfoxide insular cortices. Overall, there were significantly (DMSO), we performed additional experiments more TR behaviors in the rats receiving 1.0 M to examine the effect of DMSO on cell viability NaCl compared to those receiving dH2O (p- independently and used these trials as the value 0.00262) and 0.1 M NaCl (p- value negative control. Similar effects of Dimethyl 0.00741). Also, 1.0 M NaCl elicited more Fos-IR Sulfoxide (DMSO) on the growth systems neurons in the GC than either the dH2O or 0.1 containing 10% and 5% FBS concentrations M NaCl, though the difference was statistically suggested that more active Puerarin was insignificant. Most prominently, intra-oral present in lower FBS growth environments. infusion of 1.0 M NaCl led to significantly more Greater cytotoxic effects of Puerarin were Fos-IR neurons in the lateral DI subarea in promoted when cells were treated with higher central sections of the GC compared to intra- concentrations of Puerarin. A stronger oral infusion of dH2O (p-values 0.01488, relationship between increased Puerarin 0.02292) and 0.1 M NaCl (p-values 0.00826, 0.02175). This study suggests that sections of of neurons in the GC activated by intra-oral the central region of the GC may be responsible infusion in three groups of adult male Wistar for the recognition of and behavioral response rats (n’s=4). Three groups either received an to a salty tastant. infusion of dH2O (W), 0.1M sucrose (LS), or 1.0M sucrose (HS), at a rate of 0.233ml/min for P8 Kristen Meiler (Dr. Melissa Gibbs) 5 min. After infusion of the three treatment [email protected] groups, taste reactivity (TR) behaviors were Effect of salinity on embryonic Axolotl videotaped and counted. Intra-oral infusion of development* dH2O, 0.1M sucrose, and 1.0M sucrose did not cause any aversive behaviors; but infusion of The axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum, is an both sucrose groups (LS and HS) had aquatic salamander native to Laguna Alchichica significantly more ingestive behaviors than did in Puebla, Mexico, and to the system of water dH2O (P’s<0.05). The number of Fos- channels and lakes near Mexico City. These immunoreactive (Fos-IR) neurons were counted water systems, under the influence of in 8 sections (anterior to posterior) of the GC. urbanization, are experiencing the adverse The subareas counted, included the lateral and effects of decreasing water levels and medial portions of the granular (GI), increasing salinity. Many species have already dysgranular (DI), and dorsal and ventral become unable to live in these water systems agranular (AID and AIV) insular cortices. Intra- due to the high salinity. Axolotls are already on oral infusion of 1.0 M sucrose elicited more the Critically Endangered section of the IUCN total Fos-IR neurons than 0.1 M sucrose and Red List and so it is important to understand the dH2O did, specifically in the DI lateral subarea effects of elevated salinity on embryonic axolotl in the GC (P’s<0.05) The distribution pattern of development in order to be able to slow or Fos-IR neurons was equal in regard to posterior reverse the decline of the axolotl. I and anterior regions. Regression and correlation hypothesized that if salinity conditions analysis revealed a strong, positive correlation continued to increase, embryonic axolotls between the amount of ingestive behaviors and would experience decreased survivorship. I the number of activated lateral DI Fos-IR used a range of salinities up to, and exceeding neurons (R² = 0.4164; P=0.006947). Therefore, current conditions in Laguna Alchichica, to these results from the TR behaviors and the determine which salinities the embryos could Fos-IR neurons suggest that the lateral DI tolerate. Although low salt levels enhanced subarea (in both the anterior and posterior growth, only the embryos reared in the saline regions) may play a role in processing the sweet values below those reported for Laguna tastant and controlling ingestive behaviors. Alchichica were able to develop at all.  2015 SURE Grant recipient P45 Stephanie Miller (Dr. Richard Medlin) [email protected] P27 Whitney Meyers (Dr. Michael King ) But What about Me? Coping Strategy [email protected] Differences among Bereaved Adults After Fos-immunoreactive neurons in the lateral Parental Death dysgranular insular cortex are associated with ingestive behaviors elicited by sucrose in Grief often follows any experience of loss, conscious rats including parental death. The purpose of this In order to reveal a more precise and distinct study was to examine the relationship between location of taste-responsive neurons in the grief coping strategies and sex, race, and age. gustatory cortex (GC), Fos The hypotheses included: (1) Females will use immunohistochemistry methodology was support-seeking while males will use avoidant employed. This technique mapped the location coping strategy; (2) Caucasians will use active coping, African-Americans will use avoidant treatment time. coping, and Asians will use support-seeking coping; (3) Age will be negatively correlated P28 Carolina Perez-Tobon, Justin Baggs, Jada with behavioral misconduct. One hundred and Scott (Dr. Asal Johnson) thirty-one participants were recruited online to [email protected] complete an anonymous survey regarding their Neighborhood jurisdictional boundaries and experience coping with parental death. The community health, the case of Spring Hill survey included portions of the Coping Flexibility Scale, Coping Orientation to Problems Spring Hill, a neighborhood located in DeLand, Experienced, and the Inventory of Traumatic Florida. Of the almost 700 acres, 260 are under Grief. the jurisdiction of the City of DeLand, while 438 remain in Volusia county territory. The purpose P10 Naser Mubarak (Dr. Roslyn Crowder) of this project is to describe whether the [email protected] residents relate fragmentation of jurisdictional Comparable peroxidase levels in treated and boundaries within the Spring Hill community to untreated jurkat leukemia cells adverse environmental and public health outcomes. A group of Stetson University Leukemia is a cancer of the body’s bone students, in partnership with the Florida marrow, lymphatic system, and blood forming Department of Health of Volusia County (DOH- tissues. Daidzin is an isoflavone found in the VC), conducted a descriptive study which Japanese Kudzu plant and soybean leaves. included ethnographic observations of Spring Jurkat leukemia cells treated with daidzin for a Hill. Afterward a town hall meeting was time period over 16 hours induced significant organized to identify the public health needs of apoptosis. As it is, a minimum of three phases Spring Hill as discussed in focus groups. We have been identified during regulated cell then analyzed and synthesized the data death, induction, effector, and execution. gathered to examine residents’ experiences Studies have now confirmed that oxidative regarding the fragmentation of jurisdictional stress, brought on by reactive oxygen species, is boundaries. We found the sections of Spring Hill a vital component in the induction of annexed to the city represented a higher quality programmed cell death. The purpose of my of infrastructures. Residents were concerned investigation was to identify if daidzin induced about the jurisdictional divide due to apoptosis produced increased peroxidase levels inconsistencies of civic services to the in Jurkat Leukemia cells. A fluorometric assay community. The main reason for this was due containing 50 ul of daidzin treated and to a lack in communication between the city untreated Jurkat leukemia cells was conducted and county offices. and measured at an optical density of 570nm at multiple time points. The peroxidase activity P46 Steven Pilato (Dr. Danielle Lindner) was then found using the PAFA kit-provided [email protected] formula. It was determined that there was no Self-Objectification, Body Image, and Eating significant difference between the daidzin and Exercise Behavior in Men* treated and untreated cell lysates. This suggests daidzin induced apoptosis does not utilize a Self-objectification is the act of taking on an peroxide-dependent mechanism, or that the observer’s perspective when thinking one’s own cells were not treated for a long enough time body and treating the body as if it represents period. Future experiments could further the self. The purpose of this study was to explore potential transduction pathways by understand the relationships among self- measuring the apoptosis associated proteins objectification, body image, and eating and (i.e. Bax, Bcl-2), or by increasing the daidzin exercise behavior in men. We assessed constructs related to self-objectification in clusters. Twenty-four high risk and 25 low risk women (i.e., body shame, disordered eating) as clusters were identified. The risk of suicide was well as those that may be uniquely related to up to 3.4 times higher in high risk clusters than self-objectification in men (e.g., drive for in areas outside of clusters (RR ranged from muscularity, intention to use supplements 1.36 to 3.44, p-value ≤0.05). Low risk clusters and/or steroids). Data were collected from 85 were associated with 30%-93% decreased risk men via an online survey comprised of of suicide (RR ranged from 0.07 to 0.70, p-value measures of self-objectification, body image, ≤0.05). Areas with high levels of elderly and eating and exercise behavior. No concentration and social fragmentation had a participants reported using steroids to increase greater odds of being in high risk clusters; muscularity in the 30 days prior to taking the whereas, areas with higher economic survey, but 29.4% of participants reporting deprivation and immigrant concentration had using supplements for this purpose. When greater odds of being in low risk clusters. The measured by the Male Assessment of Self- spatial detection of suicide clusters allows Objectification, self-objectification was public health practitioners and policy-makers to correlated with body dissatisfaction, drive for identify priority areas for further research, muscularity, and disordered eating. When policy development and targeted prevention measured by the Objectified Body efforts. Consciousness Body Surveillance Scale, self- *Received funding through Stetson University objectification was correlated with body shame, SURE Grant body dissatisfaction, drive for muscularity, obligatory exercise, disordered eating, and P29 Victoria Ramirez (Dr. Michael King) intention to use supplements. Results provide a [email protected] more nuanced understanding of how self- Epinephrine-soaked gauze did not have an objectification translates into mental and effect on uncontrolled hemorrhage with physical health risks for men. regards to the amount of healed wounds over *This project was supported by a 2015 Stetson 10 minutes, clot location and size in Wistar rats Undergraduate Research Experience (SURE) grant. The purpose of this experiment was to explore the possibility of using epinephrine soaked P39 Jacqueline M. Pollack (Dr. Asal Johnson) gauze as a hemostatic agent for uncontrolled [email protected] hemorrhage. Uncontrolled hemorrhage is the Spatial Patterns and Neighborhood second leading preventable cause of mortality Characteristics of Suicide Clusters in Florida* after a traumatic injury. Hemostatic agents are one of the easiest and most effective tools for Although spatial examination of treating uncontrolled hemorrhage. Epinephrine mortality and morbidity is becoming more is an endogenous catecholamine with α- and β- common the investigation of suicide death adrenergic effects. The α- adrenergic action clusters within the neighborhood context is promotes systemic vasoconstriction and underutilized. The purpose of this ecological reduces blood flow to the dermal vascular beds; study is to detect high and low risk clusters of therefore, it was hypothesized that the gauze suicide deaths in Florida and determine which impregnated with epinephrine would stop the neighborhood characteristics distinguish amount of bleeding and produce a smaller clot clusters from non-clusters. Scan statistic was on top of the wound, compared to the control used to detect clusters of completed suicides in gauze. Eight Wistar rats were utilized to Florida from 2001 to 2010. Through regression perform the experiment. Under sodium analysis, we investigated the association of pentobarbital anesthesia a 1.0 cm incision was neighborhood characteristics with identified made to the left and right interior lower extremities of each rat and the femoral vein convenience sampling through the Department was lanced. The experimental wound received a of Psychology’s Subject Pool; 14 of those 2x2 gauze soaked with 1.0 mL of 1: 1,000 participants receiving binaural beats and 11 epinephrine and the control wound received a receiving the control (white noise). Assignment 2x2 gauze with nothing on it. Standard to treatment is based on program type of either bandaging techniques were used on both focus or stress management (through block extremities and left untouched for 10 minutes. randomization). The Versus headset will be Then the bandages were removed and the used for the neurofeedback assessment, in wounds were observed for amount healed, clot order to distinguish a focus or stress location, and clot size. There was no significant management program, and training. The data difference in reference to amount of healed will then be evaluated using two factorial wounds after 10 minutes, clot location, or clot ANOVA’s. size (P>0.05). The lack of effect of epinephrine possibly could be due to several factors such as P30 Victoria Riera (Dr. Erin Moore) a wet versus dry environment, amount of [email protected] pressure applied, and the actual length of the The Relationship Between Injury, Self-Efficacy, lanced femoral vein. Sports Confidence, and Fitness Among College Undergraduates P12 Isabella Riera (Dr. Erin Moore) [email protected] Past sports psychology research has established Effects of Binaural Beats on Performance the connection between levels of self-efficacy, During Neurofeedback Training sports confidence and exercise/sports performance; they have been demonstrated as Binaural beats derive from opposing predictors of exercise outcomes. This study frequencies played simultaneously in the left examines the correlation between self-efficacy, and right ears. They are construed by the brain sports confidence, exercise patterns, and injury. once the left and right ears each receive a This study also observes correlations between dissimilar sound wave. The binaural beat self-efficacy and predictor variables of injury experienced by an individual is the difference, severity, and injury time-sense. Participants in hertz, between the sounds projected to both included a total of 163 male and female ears. Research suggests that binaural beats, students ages 18-25 from Stetson University; specifically in gamma waves, have positive the analytic sample included 108 of these effects on cognitive functions such as attention, participants. Participants completed an online focus, and creativity. Additionally, survey measuring self-efficacy, sports Neurofeedback brain training is utilized to confidence, sources of each, benefits and enhance the underlying neurophysiology of the barriers to exercise, past week exercise habits, brain. Participating in this type of training and height/weight (used to calculate Body equips one with the skills to control electrical Mass Index or BMI) along with other activity in the brain; thus, aiding in improved demographic information. It was hypothesized focus and stress management. This experiment that those who reported recent injury would be aims to study the effects of gamma wave more likely to have lower self-efficacy scores binaural beats on performance during and sports confidence scores than those with neurofeedback training. It was hypothesized no injury, a less recent injury, or a less severe that the gamma wave binaural beat treatment injury. It was also expected that participants group will have better performance scores and with lower levels of self-efficacy and/or sports optimal brain states than those in the control confidence reported lower levels of physical group. Thus far, 25 student participants (most activity and have lower BMI scores. The likely out of 50) have been recruited via knowledge gained from this study may contribute to new injury rehabilitation information, most research has shown mixed programs, understanding of self-efficacy and results in regards to which modality yields sports confidence in relation to injury, and better memory recall. Additionally, little factors correlated with the exercise habits of research has been done on the effects of college undergraduates. meaningfulness on memory. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of modality P47 Isabella and Victoria Riera (Dr. Camille King) and meaningfulness on memory recall, [email protected]; [email protected] exploring the auditory superiority effect. “The Nuclei that Bind: The role of the Participants, consisting of 55 Stetson University Endopiriform Nucleus and the Claustrum in the students, were randomly assigned to the visual Processing of Taste Information condition (two narratives presented as text) or the aural condition (the same narratives To perceive flavor, information from multiple presented as recordings). One of the passages sensory systems (e.g. taste & smell) must be was an exact replica of an SAT passage and was integrated. Two brain structures, the considered to be “meaningful,” while the other endopiriform nucleus (EDN) and the claustrum was “less meaningful” in that it was altered to have been implicated in the binding of sensory contain nouns and adjectives that made information to yield a unified taste perception grammatical sense but lacked semantics. in rats but this role has not been confirmed. The Participants took a corresponding recall test current study further explores this putative role after each of the two narratives. An ANOVA for by examining (via Fos immunohistochemistry) main effects and interactions was conducted. the activity of these nuclei following oral Contrary to what was hypothesized, visually- stimulation with water (the control condition) presented information was recalled better than or with a prototypical bitter taste substance, aurally-presented information. However, quinine hydrochloride. The Fos protein is meaningful information was recalled better expressed when neurons are active; the than less meaningful information, as was immunohistochemical procedures stain these hypothesized. Moreover, there was an recently active cells, yielding a snapshot of interaction between modality and neural activity that is quantifiable. We are meaningfulness, such that meaningful, visually- currently examining the brain sections under presented information was recalled best. This light microscopy and calculating the proportions may suggest that teaching and learning that (none, less than 50%, or greater than 50%) of focuses largely on visually-presented the EDN and the claustrum occupied by the Fos- information should be highly emphasized in positive cells. We hypothesized that animals education. stimulated with quinine (as compared with water) would show a greater proportion of Fos- P31 Valeria Roati (Dr. Cynthia Bennington) positive cells. If our hypothesis is correct, the [email protected] findings will buttress the role of these nuclei in Plastic response of vegetative and processing taste information and will shed light reproductive traits of Passiflora incarnata in on how taste is processed in the brain. response to herbivory

P13 Nicole Rivera-Montañez (Dr. Danielle Passiflora incarnata is a perennial vine with a Lindner) specialist herbivore, the caterpillar of the gulf [email protected] fritillary butterfly (Agraulis vanillae). The plant The Effects of Presentation Modality and uses both chemical and morphological methods Meaningfulness on Memory Recall to protect itself against both generalist and Although extensive research has been done on specialist herbivores and previous studies have the visual and aural presentation of shown that leaf damage can induce defense responses in P. incarnata to reduce future magnetic field. Altering the magnetic field at a herbivory. In particular, I asked plants constant rate allows us to read the current increased leaf thickness, and hence toughness, induced by the sample’s changing after experiencing herbivory. Using 48 different magnetization as it reacts to the magnetic field, plants of Passiflora incarnata from 8 different revealing important magnetic properties of the genotypes, grown in a screen-house on sample material. Stetson’s campus, I compared leaf weight, area and their ratio between plants that had P32 Maggie Rought, Tyler Bowling, Emily Carey, experienced herbivory and those that were Gregory Fernandez, Jackie Pollack, Brittany protected from it. I found that the average mass Zwerver (Dr. Asal Johnson) was reduced when the leaves were exposed to [email protected] herbivory, but there was no statistical Neighborhood environment and community difference between control and treatment health promotion; the case of Spring Hill groups for leaf area or Specific Leaf Area (SLA = Leaf area/Leaf weight). One explanation for The purpose of this study was to describe this lack of response in leaf thickness (SLA) in characteristics of the neighborhood response to herbivory is that I collected leaves environment and understand how those factors from plants at the end of their reproductive were related to health. This study was part of a cycle, when the fitness advantage to thick larger multiphase study aimed at identifying leaves may have declined and hence the the and addressing the health needs of the negative fitness consequences of herbivory predominantly minority community of Spring were relaxed. Hill in Deland, Florida. The study is a collaboration between the Volusia County P48 Phillip Roddenberry (Dr. Kevin Riggs, Dr. Health Department (DOH-VC) and Stetson George Glander) University students. To conduct this study, we [email protected] employed qualitative techniques including field Constructing an Experimental System: observations and focus group interviews. A Vibrating Sample Magnetometer town hall meeting was organized by DOH-VC to discuss the public health needs of Spring Hill We live in a digital age. Equivalently, then, one with residents from the community. Patterns could say we live in a magnetic age. Magnetic between field observations and focus groups storage of media acts as an integral part of were then analyzed . A lack of infrastructure nearly all research given that scientists today was reported as the main obstacle to proper often use enormous datasets from health. The lack of sidewalks and adequate experimental trials. The density of media lightening discourages physical activity. The lack storage capabilities depends upon the ability of of public transportation limits health care the storage device to invert the magnetization access and employment opportunities. of certain particles, which serves as the storage Additionally, residents identified several social of new information. Inverting the magnetization issues as barriers to good health including drug of the particle depends on several factors, the related activities, domestic violence, and police most important of which is the particle material apathy toward the community. The findings of itself. We constructed a vibrating sample this study are important as residents’ voices magnetometer to measure the properties of should be reflected in the needs assessment ferromagnetic sample materials of sufficient tool to ensure questions are relevant to the size and shape. The sample material is placed community being surveyed. upon a vertical rod which oscillates at approximately 330 Hz under normal operations, while immersed in a uniform but variable P14 Holly Saulsbery (Dr. David Stock) there will be a better understanding on the [email protected] impact and environment connected to the gut Isolation and identification of microbiota of fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster). within the digestive system of wild-type fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster P15 Kendale Speyerer (Dr. Melissa Gibbs) [email protected] Drosophila melanogaster, more commonly Determining aerial respiration threshold of known as fruit flies, are cosmopolitan, Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus (Loricariidae) ubiquitous, synanthropic insects that serve as mechanical or biological vectors for various Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus microorganisms. To fully assess the role of fruit (Loricariidae), is an invasive, air-breathing, flies in the epidemiology of human diseases, it is armored catfish that has become abundant in essential to understand the diversity of many freshwater areas in Florida. The adult microbiota harbored by fly populations. This catfish are commonly found in low dissolved study aimed to identify the diversity of fruit fly oxygen (DO) environments, but juvenile catfish gut bacteria through the use of isolation and are not found there as often. This led to the identification techniques. Here, we show that question of whether the juveniles have the fruit fly gut can serve as a reservoir for a different DO thresholds and if this is why we vast number of bacterial species, which may rarely see them in the spring run. The goal of have impacts on vector potential and pathogen this experiment was to determine a threshold transmission. Bacterial samples were also DO concentration at which juvenile catfish no tested for antibacterial resistance which is not longer have to rely on aerial respiration and can only a useful characteristic for distinguishing use their gills to breathe. We measured the among species and strains of these bacteria, but average breathing frequency (breaths/minute) also has an ecological significance with respect of 3 and 6 inch juvenile P. disjunctivus at DO to intra- and inter-specific competition within concentrations ranging from 0.5 mg O2/L to 5.0 host cadavers, and could have implications for mg O2/L. I hypothesized that smaller juveniles the utility of these organisms for biological will breathe more frequently since they would control, including the alternative control be less tolerant to hypoxic conditions when strategy, paratransgenesis. compared to larger juveniles. This is expected because mass specific metabolic rate decreases P49 Kathryn Sitterle and Daniel Brooke (Dr. as mass increases, therefore smaller juvenile David Stock) catfish will have an increased O2 consumption [email protected]; [email protected] to meet their mass specific metabolic needs. Evaluation of Gut Bacteria and Fungi in Drosophila melanogaster P34 Kristyn Stetson (Dr. Melissa Parks) [email protected] The purpose of our experiment was to extract I Didn’t Learn This in School* bacteria and fungi from the intestines of fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) and to examine Learning about student teaching and colony growth for variation. While there is a experiencing student teaching are two totally vast reference to the bacteria within flies, there different things. There are many challenges that is little studied on the variables of yeast as well student teachers face transiting from student to as the range of bacteria. To better understand professional, no matter how prepared they may the range of colonies we used gram positive, think they are. Going into my senior student gram negative, as well as fungal differentiation teaching experience I thought I had enough and observed growth, shape, and coloration of field experience that there was going to be a possible colonies. By carrying out this research very little learning curve when it came to the day to day life of a teacher. However, I quickly P16 Ricardo Vallejo (Dr. Roslyn Crowder) realized that student teaching is only the [email protected] beginning of what it is like to be a teacher. The Cytotoxic Effects of Daidzin on H-460 Lung College classes and professors can prepare you Cancer Cells for only so much. There are no classes that teach how to keep 20 students engaged and Daidzin is a phytoestrogenic isoflavone found in quiet, while writing a clinic pass, taking soy based diets that has been seen to have anti attendance, collecting field trip money and cancerous effects on in vitro studies with fixing a computer that isn’t working. They do prostate and bladder cancer. However, there is not teach you how to plan with a team of little evidence showing whether this isoflavone teachers, run a parent conference or create an would induce some type of cytotoxic effect on engaging lesson when you are mandated to use human lung cancer. The purpose of this project a scripted source. Join me as I share things I did was to investigate the effect of Daidzin in a not learn in school and my successful moments human lung H-460 cancer cell line and to look where I felt I could conquer the world- and a into whether it induced cell death. H-460 cells fourth grade classroom. were treated with 10, 25, 50 and 100 of Daidzin *This presentation has received funding for time points of either 24 or 48 hours. Cell through the Dean’s office to be presented at viability assays, Coomassie Blue and a CCK (Cell the Professional Development Schools National Counting Kit) were performed in order to Conference. investigate H-460 lung cancer cells death and whether cellular metabolic activity was P50 Joshua Twitchell (Dr. Alan Green) affected, providing both qualitative and [email protected] quantitative insight. The results of the study The Moneyball Hypothesis: A Simple showed that there was a positive correlation Evaluation between the amount of dead cells and treatment concentration, although it was only At its most basic level, microeconomic theory significant at the highest concentration of posits that there are two factors in production: 100µM. Thus, the findings of this study pave the labor and capital. Labor is the workers that way for further investigations on treating H-460 produce the goods, and capital is all other cells with Daidzin concentrations and looking factors that enhance the productivity of into apoptotic assays in order to determine if workers. Extending this analogy to baseball, one the reagent induces programmed cell death. is able to use the Cobb-Douglas production function to identify two key parts to scoring P33 Stephanie Vazquez (Dr. Richard Medlin) runs: reaching base (OBP) and the quantity of [email protected] bases reached (SLG). We use this assumption to Learned Helplessness and Help-Seeking for test the Moneyball hypothesis identified by Mental Health Disorders among College Michael Lewis, which posits that on-base Students percentage (OBP) was undervalued in the baseball labor market and not paid according to Depression and anxiety are two of the most its marginal rate as theory dictates. To the prominent mental health conditions among authors’ knowledge, this is the first such test of college students, yet rates of undergraduate the Moneyball hypothesis, and it confirms the help-seeking remain low. Learned helplessness findings of previous authors. That is, the may mediate this help-seeking behavior. The baseball labor market was in a disequilibrium current study hypothesized that learned and OBP was not paid its marginal product. helplessness would be associated with lower rates of help-seeking and that higher rates of depression and stress would be associated with high learned helplessness, being female, being a efficacy was strongly correlated with PA and ST. racial/ethnic minority, living off-campus, lower It appears that self-efficacy plays a huge role in GPA, and freshman status. An online survey PA and recreational screen time participation with questions on depression, stress, learned among children ages 5-12. Targeting cognitive helplessness, and help-seeking tendencies was processes when designing interventions for this completed by 203 undergraduate students. A population should be of great importance. multiple linear regression revealed that learned helplessness (p = .004) and particularly stress (p P17 Gabriella Warrensford (Dr. William Miles) < .001) were important predictors of [email protected] depression. Independent t-tests indicated A Model of Nutrient Flow in an Aquaponics females reported higher rates of depression (p System Using Diffusion-Advection-Reaction = .011), stress (p = .004), learned helplessness Equations (p = .001), and help-seeking (p < .001) than males. Associations with race/ethnicity, Aquaponics is a combination of hydroponics housing, GPA, and academic year were not (growing plants in a soilless environment) and significant. Gender socialization may contribute aquaculture (raising fish in a tank). As a to the sex differences and timing of the survey byproduct of respiration, fish excrete toxic may have influenced the results. A college-wide ammonia from their gills. In an aquaponics program to teach healthy, effective coping system, the water in the fish tank is pumped to strategies should be implemented to reduce beds where plants are grown in a soilless prevalence of mental health issues. This project medium. Nitrifying bacteria colonize in the was partially funded by the CAS Dean’s Fund medium, and convert ammonia to nitrite and grant. then nitrate. The plants can readily absorb the nitrate as a vital nutrient, and the water, which P51 Austin Waldron, Glenn Adesoji, and Megan is now free of the toxic ammonia and nitrite, is Harmon (Dr. Dejan Magoc) pumped back to the fish tank. In this paper, we [email protected]; [email protected]; will attempt to simulate nutrient flow in an [email protected] aquaponics system with a two-dimensional Health Related Behaviors among school aged model. For each of the three substances of children interest: ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate; a diffusion-advection-reaction equation will be Childhood obesity can result in serious health used to determine its concentration within the complications such as diabetes, heart disease, fish tank and plant bed as a function of time and atherosclerosis (CDC, 2015). One in four and space. Model parameters will be estimated children in Florida is considered overweight or based on empirical evidence, and we will obese (Wood, 2012). The purpose of our study discuss possible numerical methods that could was to examine health related behaviors among be used to solve the equations in our model. children ages 5-12. Fourteen children, ages 5- 12, completed a questionnaire about their P35 Charlotte Warta (Dr. Danielle Lindner) levels of physical activity (PA), recreational [email protected] screen time (ST), sugary drink (SD), and fruit Verbal Commentary and Body Image* and vegetable consumption (FAV). The average BMI was 19.94. On average, children reported Body image is influenced by various factors in participating in 253 min/week of PA and 433 life, such as idealized body types and the min/week of ST. Children reported consuming feedback individuals receive in interpersonal 15 FAV servings/week and 9 SD/week. The relationships. The present study examined how results showed a strong correlation between verbal commentary on physical appearance FAV consumption and ST. In addition, self- from friends and romantic partners is related to body image. Participants (n = 208) were were classified to be of high feral cat density recruited through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk, than that of low density (p value = 0.000955, F = and 56.7% (n = 118) participants reported being 5.736929). in a committed relationship, while 43.3% (n = 90) reported being single. The majority of P1 Erin Webb (Dr. Kirsten Work) participants identified as Caucasian (76.4%, n = [email protected] 159) and were female (56.3%, n = 117). The Effect of Boldness and Crypsis on the Participants were 18 years of age or older, had Shoaling Tendencies of Lucania parva and been in a committed relationship in the last two Lucania goodei years, and currently lived in the United States. Men reported more negative feedback on It was hypothesized that “bold” fish would shoal weight and shape than women from both more readily than “shy” fish and that cryptic significant others and friends. Although, fish would shoal less often than non-cryptic fish. negative feedback on weight and shape from In this study, 48 Lucania parva and 44 Lucania friends moderately predicted poorer body goodei were caught at a state park. The fish satisfaction in both men and women, with an were tested for boldness or shyness using a equivalent low correlation. Positive feedback on modified version of the bold-shy continuum and weight and shape from friends more strongly were then grouped based on their label. They predicted body satisfaction than positive were then placed into groups of 100% bold, feedback on weight and shape from significant 70% bold, 50% bold, 30% bold and 0% bold in others. groups of 10 to determine shoaling behavior. *Dean’s Fund The behavior was recorded for 2 minutes and the number of fish that left the group and the P19 Erika Webb (Dr. Peter May) total time spent shoaling was recorded. Data [email protected] was analyzed using an ANOVA, a regression Comparison of Toxocara levels between areas analysis and multiple t-tests in Microsoft Excel. of low and high feral cat density The t-tests showed significance in almost every test in determining boldness and shyness Toxocara is a common parasite found in feral between the bold and shy groups. There was and domestic cats. There are multiple species, significance in both Lucania parva (p= 0.037 one of which, T. gondii, infects both dogs and r2=0.811) and Lucania goodei (p= 0.036, r2= cats. T. catii is the slightly less common species, 0.814) in regards to boldness and shoaling. The infecting only cats. The oocysts of Toxocara can more bold fish are in a group, the more be shed into the environment through the fecal cohesion there is in shoaling. However, there matter of an infected host, such as feral or was no significant relationship between the domestic cats. This study tested local areas cryptic and non-cryptic species shoaling around Volusia County for prevalence of behaviors. Toxocara in the soil, comparing levels of areas with high densities of feral cats to areas of low P54 James Welch (Dr. Richard Medlin) density. It was hypothesized that the areas [email protected] containing high densities of feral cats would Self-Concept Clarity and the Decision to Go also have higher levels of Toxocara. Soil samples Greek were collected from three parks, a wildlife reserve, and two residential houses. The The purpose of this study was to examine the samples were analyzed using the zinc-sulfate possibility that certain personality traits would flotation method. The results were consistent play a role in college students’ decision to “go with the hypothesis, with a significantly higher Greek” and their ability to gain acceptance into number of oocysts per sample in the areas that fraternities and sororities. It was also designed to test how the outcome of the Greek people and relationships one may leave behind, recruitment process affected them. Stetson not to mention, the emotional baggage one student volunteers (N=68) were recruited from may both carry as well as shed. The original the Psychology Department subject pool. installation, called The Rest Was Left Behind Participants completed measures of self- (2015), was first constructed and displayed by concept clarity, self-esteem, need to belong, the Stetson fountain at the end of the fall participation in Greek organizations, and semester 2015. While I expected that the demographic information. They were then Stetson community would be confused by the asked to watch a short, promotional video odd “garbage forest” which offered little about fraternity and sorority life before explanation as to its meaning, other than the completing the first three measures a second title, I did not expect the incredible visceral time. It was hypothesized that there would be reaction from the student body abundant on differences between men and women, between popular social media. Although the majority of those who participated in Greek organizations the reception was negative with comments and those who did not, and between those who such as, “Trashy self-portrait,” and, “Sewer was were dropped during recruitment and those backed up,” I was influenced to push the project who were not. The video was hypothesized to further both conceptually and visually to not accentuate these differences. The results only make an important social statement, but to showed that for most comparisons, there were also engage in further dialogue with the Stetson no differences between the groups and the community. video had no effect on scores. However, those who participated in Greek organizations had ART6 Robert Conte (Gary Bolding) significantly higher need to belong scores than [email protected] those who never participated. There was also a I am complex, significant effect of Greek participation, gender, and the video on need to Creating music is a very personal experience. It belong scores. Across the whole sample, self- entails hearing noises in your head, and using concept clarity, self-esteem, need to belong something to make that sound a reality. In my were strongly correlated with one another. The album, “I Am”, I strive to take the sounds that I results suggest that need to belong plays a role hear in my mind, and successfully make them in college students’ decision to participate in into fully realized pieces of music that play out Greek organizations. of the speakers. I am creating an album made with real instruments that I played, with music ART AND DIGITAL ARTS that I wrote, recorded, and produced. I used this process to explore the method of flushing

out a single idea from my head and turning it ART5 Gisela Alvarez (Gary Bolding) into something that could be understood by [email protected] another person. These songs are an audible All You Can Carry (2015-16) version of my thoughts and feelings. In addition

to this, I wanted to create a visual attachment The underlying concept of my project focuses to my music. So, I created a photo set that I on what it means to uproot one’s life, and the think visualizes the feel and emotion of the complexities that factor in the decision to do so. album through black and white photography. I I chose to visually represent this by using a large took all the color out of the photos, so that the amount of garbage bags arranged in two viewers can truly create their own emotion installations of various structures and from viewing them. As a whole, this album is a sculptures. The bags stand for not only the window from the viewer’s eyes, into my mind. material objects one must let go of, but the

ART7 Elizabeth Frates (Gary Bolding) fleshed out a fictional fantasy world, and with [email protected] this project I am able to invite you into that Wait with Me space. With this project, I have set about the fusion of my digital and analog skills, hybridizing This collection of paintings is inspired by the my modeling techniques with my fictional world seventeenth century Dutch still life paintings, of Octavia. I have assembled a game within the known as “little banquets.” These still life Unity game engine, which allows you to explore paintings depicted expensive objects like silver several locations within my world, while goblets, glass chalices, plentiful food, and learning about its history. Ultimately, my goal is hunted game. Typically, the objects in these still to allow you to embrace the digital medium of life paintings were not presented in a state of gaming as a tool for storytelling, while decay, but rather were painted to showcase the explicating plot development in a three- wealth of the unseen owner. With still life ­­dimensional space. I hope that you enjoy your paintings, there is an absence of people yet time in my world, and think of the potential of evidence of their activity. Even though we don’t games as more than something to pass time really reflect on it as spectators, someone has with. poured the wine and eaten from the baskets of fruit. This paradoxical unseen presence is ART8 Danielle Grisham (Gary Bolding) important to my concept. Who is the person [email protected] interacting with the objects? Is the person who Generic Prince (2015-2016) poured the wine coming back to finish it? Will someone be returning or is the still life The purpose of my senior show exhibit abandoned? By including dried flowers and was quite simple; I wanted to tell a story, but bones, this collection shows the objects after not just any story. Yes, there is a princess in it, a the still life has been finished and the moment big scary dragon, and a Prince or two, but those has been recorded. Then, it becomes the are just the tips of the vast iceberg. My story waiting game of eventual decay or salvation. does so much more than charm and delight the Just like the flowers waiting for water, many of reader, it digs deeper. I wanted a story to reach us wait for something. It can be a phone call in a out to people and call them to action, a story to moment or perhaps something we wait a stir the minds of readers young and old. To lifetime for, such as love or self-acceptance. accomplish this I made my exhibit interactive- However, we can become so fixated on waiting asking the viewer to read an oversized book for a specific moment that we become frozen to first, absorb the words, and then realize what the passage of time. I hope to give personality it’s all about. That’s to say it’s all about to these objects so the viewer can use these empowerment; and not just female even paintings as tools to project their own emotions thought the hero is actually a heroin, I just and confront their own inevitable decay. The thought that would be a nice change for once. tradition of still life painting has decayed just I’m asking the experiencer to wake up and fight like the flowers, bones, and other organic for themselves, or whomever they need to fight objects. With this collection, I hope the for. I’m asking that no one remain still for too spectator reflects upon his or her own delicate long, that they choose a direction in their life temporal state. and go for it. The heart of my story is passion. In the end they can also brand themselves with ART1 Griffith, Benjamin M (Dr. Matthew a temporary tattoo- mirroring the main Roberts) characters own mark, showing just how The Octavian Spirits involved they chose to be in the story. When it’s all said and done my viewer is meant to walk Over the course of the past few years I have away with a sense of ambition, a desire for change, and a reason to keep moving. The work in my collection focuses on the concept of imperialism as a universal avarice, ART9 Taylor Gunderson (Gary Bolding) and explores the unsustainability of the human [email protected] desire to dominate. I made the decision to Seven Deadly Sins represent this visually by juxtaposing the extravagant and opulent lifestyle of aristocrats Growing up, art was more than a creative and in the French pre-revolution era with the expressive branch of culture, art was in my consequences of that regime. The pieces blood. My father has exposed me to all forms of explore factors such as the wrongful death, art, but primarily ceramics. Stetson University is religious limitation, cultural depreciation and where my ability to transform the clay into overshadowing of many indigenous populations creative and unique entities has grown. Not that fell victim to imperialism. The same until recently have I developed these skills into outlandish misuse of power is still repeated for my own style, which could be characterized as many of the exact same reasons: God, glory, dark and funny. My main influences came from and gold. The fact of the matter is that the the media and propaganda I was exposed to privileged have no right to establish lavish living during my youth; TV shows, trading card games, over the backs and bones of other yielding, and video games, comics, action figures, and in many cases, deceived human beings. anything a young boy could get his hands and However, I don’t seek to exclusively demonize eyes on. The most valuable information I have or point fingers at the French absolute learned about art from Stetson is that there is monarchy, but instead use this particular more to it than meets the eye. This means that establishment as well as the corresponding art doesn't always give the same feeling to stylistic periods as a visual and psychological different people, the reaction is unique for each model. In association, I sought to explore a individual. As an artist, my work aims to direct sympathetic grey area and to help viewers attention towards social problems or situations recognize the inherent dichotomy of power. that are occurring in society. My senior show Figures we vilify now were once thought focuses on the seven deadly sins, in a way i righteous, merciful and even humanitarian for perceive them. Each sin is presented as a bust- their contributions to those that were deemed like sculpture of a creature, and individually underprivileged or in need. Imperialism is not they are accompanied by a distinguishing cut something we can choose to avoid; like royalty, out letter as well as some symbolic features it is something into which we are born. that identify the sin. The attributes of each piece are chosen by researching a sin, compiling ART2 McDeed, Emily A (Dr. Matthew Roberts) information about it. And then imagining how I [email protected] would translate those characteristics into Frozen: The Missing Denouement physical representations. How i chose to As a storyteller, my passion in Digital Arts is represent the sin is in my perception, but there creating ideas and scenes for how a character’s are many ways that the sins can be expressed. journey unfolds on-screen. While watching The seven deadly sins are in most cases Disney’s Frozen, I became confused from what depicted on a two-dimensional surface, such as wasn’t explained about the character Elsa– a canvas, and are rarely found in sculptural where her powers came from, why she form considers them a curse, and how her powers and emotions are connected to the world ART10 Erin McCollum (Gary Bolding) around her. These questions inspired me to [email protected] create another scene that answers these Imperious (2015-16) questions and provides another reason for why Elsa considers her powers such a curse. ART3 Menegolo, Jean Paul (Dr. Matthew breathing room to explore and tie all of my Roberts) works together as a series. Sometimes the [email protected] paint is thinned down to create translucent Cross the Sea washes, while other parts seem stacked upon one another with many layers. I have left some Cross the Sea, is a 7 track Metal EP written, parts of the canvas exposed with the charcoal recorded, and produced by myself and with the and/or gesso as a symbolic gesture to imply help of some very musical friends. My sound that my works are here as an example of my and song structure is influenced by many of the unfinished journey into the world of painting bands that I listen to for their distinctive, and color. Going back and forth and exploring melodic sound, composition, and compelling the possibilities, there are moments of lyrics. My lyrics and artwork convey the vulnerability and hesitation; where at any obstacles and struggles that we all as human moment my painting may not work out. beings experience. These songs communicate Expecting the unexpected, my paintings go feelings of achievement and defeat, being through many phases until they reach cheated, betrayed, and also loved. Growing up completion. Using cancellation as a vital force the way I did allowed me to stay strong to my and not a negative, I approach my canvas faith and lead me to admire the artists that knowing that what I have initially put down may compose strong and passionate lyrics. With this not work. Knowing and coming to terms with project, I wanted to break the overall the fact that what I start might not end the way stereotype that metal is only lyrical nonsense I intended forces me to approach the canvas and incoherent noise. Metal is a genre filled openly. I unapologetically wipe away what I with sounds that I myself find challenging to don't like. I even start over if need be. record and mix together in order to create Increasingly fearless when I paint, these works aggressive and invigorating music. I steadily reflect my insatiable appetite for color. complied rough recordings of song ideas and riffs over the last four years and with the ART4 Monica J Wolski (Dr. Matthew Roberts) techniques learned, I was able to express my [email protected] feelings, show my talent, and test my musical The Collection (2015-16) expertise in recording and producing music at a more professional level. A year in the making, The Collection highlights the issues surrounding plastic consumption, and ART11 Natasha Radovicz Schaidt (Gary Bolding) underlying problems developing in the oceanic [email protected] ecosystem. This collection includes hundreds of Inside the Artist’s Studio plastic and microplastic items collected, hoarded, categorized, and then displayed. As This exhibition reflects my experimentation an environmentalist, I had to do something to with color and the ways that paint can be used. eliminate the plastic being left behind, or I begin by arranging objects that I have regurgitated from our oceans onto our collected into still lifes. My method is “give and shoreline. As a digital artist, I could find a way take,” starting on a clean white canvas, I sketch to not only raise awareness about this issue, but with charcoal; drawing the shapes and figures also display it in a creative and impactful that I find important. The work becomes quite manner that demonstrates how deeply plastic improvisational after the sketching phase. With has infiltrated nature and affected our local acrylic, I begin to load the canvas with color, beaches. In my display, I wanted to have as giving the white canvas life. Keeping what many images as I could get to show how works and taking away what doesn’t, I work on Florida’s shoreline is impacted. I complied multiple canvases at a time, giving me more hundreds of images in a video and categorize these images by the most common items I M7 Ashley King (Dr. Lloyd Linney) found laying on our beaches. The most Accompanist: Barbara Larson, Piano and impactful and interesting images are hanging on Harpsichord display. Additionally, the plastic or “trash” items [email protected] you see hanging on the wall are emitting sounds I recorded during my collecting and Arie con Tromba Sola photographing process. All of the items in the Mio tesoro per te moro Alessandro Scarlatti collection were found and photographed on (1660-1725) various beaches throughout Volusia County, Griffin Weber, trumpet including Daytona, Ormond, and New Smyrna Ivan Kaiser, violoncello Beach. Moericke Lieder Hugo Wolf (1860-1903) Auf ein altes Bild MUSIC Italienisches Liederbuch Auch kleine Dinge M6 Paula Bekker (Dr. Tammar Philips) Spanisches Liederbuch Accompanist: PG Hazard In dem schatten meiner Locken [email protected] Liebe mir im Busen zündet einen Brand" Tell Me, Oh Blue, Blue Sky! Vittorio Giannini Ballade Philippe Gaubert (1879-1941) (1903-1966) Sonata is C Major Pietro Antonio Locatelli Les nuit d’été Hector Berlioz (1803-1869) (1695-1764) Villanelle Andante L’absence Presto L’île inconnue Ian Morin, bassoon Hypnosis Ian Clarke (b. 1964) M5 Omar Lawand (Dr. David Schmidt) Andante et Rondo Franz Doppler (1821-1883) Accompanist: Dr. Kristie Born, piano Meghan Dempster, flute [email protected]

M1 Cole Bushman (Dr. Lynn Musco) Trombone Concerto Elgar Howarth (b. 1935) Accompanist: Austin McElwain II. Lento con licenza [email protected] III. Vivace Peace John Golland (1942-1993) Introduction et rondo, Op. 72 Charles- Ballade Eugéne Bozza (1905-1991) Marie Widor (1844-1937) Cinco Bocetos for Solo Clarinet (1984) Roberto M2 Ryan Morrison (Kathy Thomas) Sierra (1953) Accompanist: Tammy Miller Preludio [email protected] Canción del campo Interludio nocturno Laudatio – Bernhard Krol (1920-2013) Canción de la montaña Horn Concerto in D minor, C38/K 3.43 – Antonio Final con pájaros Rosetti (1750-1792) Konzertstück No. 2, Op.114 Felix Mendelssohn Allegro molto (1809-1847) Adagio (with Victoria Buffkin) Rondo

M3 Maggie Nicks and Marcus Jones M4 Lyndall Vickers (Dr. Stephen Robinson) [email protected]; [email protected] [email protected]

I was the more deceived Maggie Nicks (b. Maurice Ohana (1914 - 1992) 1995) Tiento Maria Gikas, Kyrsten Chambers, Alexandra Domenico Scarlatti (1685 - 1757) Martinez Uresti, Brianna Samuels Sonata K.380/L.23 Nikita Koshkin (b.1956) I was the more deceived is a five minute song Three Stops on the Road scored for four sopranos. The music is set to a Heitor Villa-Lobos (1887 - 1959) text by Shakespeare- Sonnet 147, although the Twelve Etudes title comes from the ever popular Hamlet. Etude 7 Written for an ensemble that includes a singer- Etude 11 pianist, there are portions of the score that call Etude 12 for piano. I was the more deceived includes theatrical elements and extended techniques such as dramatic speaking of text, physical HONORS TUTORIALS movement, singing into the piano, and whispering. The texture constantly squirms between focus on the individual and focus on the ensemble. T3 Enric Cordoba and Sarah Coffey (Dr. Jason Evans) Ecological Economics Theme and Variations Marcus Jones (b.

1995) The current way that we are doing economics Violin I: Rebeca Baquerizo has become uneconomical—even in the most Violin II: Alexa Knowles utilitarian approach. The purpose of this course Viola: Alexa Grohowski is to explore alternatives to our current Cello: Joseph Rubano economic system, particularly ecological This piece is a theme and set of variations for economics, through reading-based discussion. string quartet written during the Fall of 2015. In the first variation, the theme is traded among T1 Lindsey Ellis, Jesse Albert, Christina Trinidad, the four instruments, while the second variation Matt Jordan, Maeve Coughlin (Dr. Michelle has a chorale texture with a reduction of the Skelton) theme being used as the top “voice”. The third Integrative Medicine Seminar variation disguises the opening theme in the cello and first violin with added chromaticism. In this course, we will compare and contrast The final variation features a fragment of the different alternative and traditional medical theme sequenced in the cello while sustained practices and the ideologies behind them. We chords in the upper strings include every note will discuss accepted practices in modern from each measure of the theme. Preceding western medicine, as well as practices in non- each variation, transitions hint at the unvaried western medicine, and the differences in those opening theme. methods and ideas. We will also evaluate what contemporary practices hold up the scientific method and develop a fundamental knowledge base for the field of integrative medicine.

T2 Nicholas Fuller, James Russo (Dr. Joshua T5 (Dr. Stephen Day) Rust) Conflict Studies Rhetoric: The Art of Persuasion An introduction to the multidisciplinary study of This course will explore the historical armed conflict, examining political, economic, development of persuasion as well as its environmental, historical, religious, and modern day applications. Class will consist of sociological factors. presentations by individual students followed by discussion of the proposed topic. Each week ORAL the topics will change along with the students presenting. E1 Stephanos Alichos (Dr, Cynthia Bennington)

[email protected] T6 Mariana Prado (Dr. Michael Denner) The Effect of Bidens alba Seed Density on the Study Abroad Germination of Three Native Sandhill Species

We will be looking at the art of integration and The sandhill ecosystem used to span most of how we, as visiting students, become part of a the South East region of the United States. With new and foreign society and our return to the urban development at the forefront of human United States and Stetson. Our group will be intention, the habitat has become scarce. sharing our process of integration with each Currently the historic fragments in Central other and what study abroad is from an Florida tend to be small and separated, though intercultural perspective. We know that re- there are some fragments that are being turned adjusting to life here will be as difficult; if not into restoration zones. Reverting a restoration more difficult than it was when we went zone back to its original habitat takes a abroad. Comparing the differences and significantly long time and suffers from the similarities we are experiencing and sharing presence of exotic plants, or even native ruderal them with the group or the Stetson community (weedy) plants, that were there prior to will allow others to see the challenges and becoming a restoration zone. It is important opportunities of studying abroad outside of the that native plants are able to compete with the classroom. Through this online community of other aggressive species. In my experiment I shared experience, we can seek comfort and aim to determine the effect of Spanish Needle reassurance knowing that we are not alone in (Bidens alba) seed density on the germination dealing with a tough cultural transition. speed and fraction on three mature sandhill

species: Pinebarren Frostweed (Crocanthemum T4 Ryan White, Barrett Hand (Dr. John Tichenor corybosum), Partride Peas (Chamaecrista and Matthew Hurst) fasculata), and Tall Ironweed (Vernonia The After-College Transition (TACT) Course gigantean). Any significant difference between

the germination of the mature species and the The After-College Transition (TACT) Course is differing densities of Spanish Needle would designed to help students understand more imply that the presence of more seeds in some about themselves and their post-graduation species can inhibit the germination of others. goals as well as give them practical skills that This information is aimed to help format more will assist them in succeeding in future efficient restoration projects. endeavors.

A5 Gisela Alvarez (Dr. Katya Kudrayevtseva) different? Why is the taste for traditional [email protected] European schools in art more widespread than Market is Always Right: Jeff Koons’ Made in the taste for American art? My investigation of Heaven (1989-91)* the critical discourse comparing French and American painting, particularly Impressionism, My paper offers an analysis of Jeff Koons’ Made highlights the creation of a tradition in criticism in Heaven (1989-91) series. The controversial that devaluates American Art as amateurish, series was the result of a photo shoot Koons did Chaotic and more factual rather than cerebral with his future wife Ilona Staller, a porn star and complex (as European Art), but also points elected to the Italian Parliament. The resulting to contradictions that prove the fragility of the paintings and sculptures feature the couple critical positions. In addition to investigating performing various sex acts and were initially exhibition practices of museums and how they considered by art historians and art critics to be relate to the public’s perception of French Art in nothing more than a poorly done pornography. the United States and American Art in France, I Despite its unanimous critical rejection, Made in examine the work of multiple Foundations for Heaven continues to experience market the promotion of American Art around the success, signaling Jeff Koons’ triumph over world as well as the evolution of the art market aesthetic judgment. My paper explores the to paint a picture of the changing practices and theoretical implications of the shift in weight in the changing perceptions of American and the art market from past authorities being art French art. historians and art critics to present authorities being galleries and art dealers. My paper D8 Gonzalo Arroyo-Baudet (Dr. K. C. Ma) analyzes the reception of this series and Romand George Investment Program determines how Koons and his dealers handled [email protected] the series’ pornographic content, placing it in Drones 9 art historical context, and the mechanisms used Drones 9 is the first ever drone index; it to achieve this. includes 9 public traded companies that have a  Funded by a 2015 SURE Grant current or future main business focus on the unmanned aerial vehicle industry and fulfill C13 Michelle Angel ( Dr. Yves-Antoine certain quantitative criteria. It follows the price Clemmen) movements in shares of these 9 weighted [email protected] companies. Transatlantic Bias: a Contrastive Analysis of the Appreciation of French and American Art A5 Alyssa Bajek (Dr. Mario Rodriguez) since the 18th Century [email protected] The $17,000 Ball Pit: What Dashcon Tells Us It has become obvious that International fame about Tumblr, Memes, and Digital Culture for American painters is a postmodern phenomenon. Almost anyone can name famous My study is a virtual ethnography of the social French or European artists off the top of their media, microblogging website Tumblr and the head but they often struggle to recall American online culture how users of site view artists before the 20th century. I am themselves as a digital culture. Within the investigating the reasons and the shapes of that culture of Tumblr users have their own unique, bias as it has developed since the 18th century. symbolic way of sharing information and spread If France and America experienced similar images with meaning foreign to those outside artistic movements and creatively influenced of the website culture. The study examines how one another over history, what makes the two users reacted to #Dashcon 2014 on the website, countries’ art and especially its reception so in particular how users came together to subvert the messages of the negatively viewed issue of food insecurity is crucial during a time public relations disaster of the Dashcon fan of perceived abundance and emerging food convention and instead used culture jamming deserts. Food deserts are areas of limited food practices to spread online memes. access or options within and are not conducive to maintaining a healthy dietary life-style. Using A11 Danielle Barnes (Dr. John Jett) geographic analysis programs, such as ArcMap, [email protected] commercial food locations (grocery vs. Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) convenience) were geographically studied Survival in Captivity against low-socioeconomic households via Tiger census tract block group data within the focal Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops city of Deland, Fl. Connectivity was studied by truncatus) were first placed in captivity in the conducting a network analysis to conceptualize U.S. in 1953, and have become familiar to the the distance requirements of block groups to public due to their wide exposure in marine reach points of food access. Block groups with parks, movies and television shows. Dolphins the highest rates of poverty were additionally have shown to have successful breeding in identified to calculate a correlation between captivity, but despite this breeding success percent of a population in poverty and their there is growing concern for cetacean welfare in access to commercial food sources. I ran two captivity, with claims of poor survival fueling correlation analyses for each commercial the concern. This claim has brought to question variable. The first compared the percent of whether whales and dolphins should continue poverty within a block group against the each to be kept in captivity A series of tests including type of commercial data. The second compared Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards the percent of the poverty within a block group analyses were employed on 1,568 captive to the total land area of a census block group. bottlenose dolphins based on data retrieved Both of my correlation analyses indicated a from the Marine Mammal Inventory Report weak negative correlation between the (MMIR) to determine how sex, facility location variables. These results contradicted my original (U.S. vs. foreign), captive-born vs. wild-capture hypothesis and support that Deland is not a and pre-and post-1985 affects survival. food desert Bottlenose dolphins housed in foreign facilities (29.6 years) demonstrated a significantly higher E3 Nikolette Birky (Dr. Craig Lind and Dr. median survival than those in U.S. facilities Terrence Farrell) (18.9 years), as did dolphins that entered [email protected] captivity post 1/1/1985 (23.4 years) vs. those The Effect of Arginine Vasotocin on Maternal entering captivity prior to 1/1/1985 (9.6 years). Care in Pygmy Rattlesnakes (Sistrurus Facility location and pre- vs. post-1985 were miliarius)* good predictors of captive bottlenose dolphin hazard rate. Arginine vasotocin is a neuropeptide that is the non-mammalian counterpart to C2 Justin Baumann (Dr. J. Anthony Abbott, Dr. arginine vaspopressin found in mammals. Jason Evans) Arginine vasotocin is responsible for many [email protected] social behaviors including mating, aggressive Applying Geospatial Connectivity: A and maternal care behaviors. In order to test Multidimensional Analysis of Poverty Defined our hypothesis that mothers who received AVT Census Blocks and Food Deserts Within would spend more time in association with their Deland, Florida offspring, twenty one pregnant pygmy rattlesnakes were collected from several Increasing our understanding of the non-static wildlife refuges in central Florida. After the mothers had given birth to their neonates they organization’s professionalism through were separated into a control group and an language manipulation. experimental group that received a potent vasopressin 1A receptor antagonist, manning E2 Vanna Blasczak (Dr. Tandy Grubbs) compound. The mothers and offspring [email protected] behavior was monitored by video. We found 3D printing of porous materials for catalytic that the mother’s body condition, treatment, applications and their interaction was correlated with how much time that she spent with her offspring. Porous materials such as ionic liquids can be These observations could suggest that pygmy synthesized with various surfactants and rattlesnakes do exhibit maternal care behavior photoinitators to give porous polymers when due to AVT being present within their system; irradiated, while mesoporous silica but that maternal care stops being nanoparticles (MSNs), and metal organic administered once the neonate has gone frameworks (MOFs) can be synthesized into through ecdysis. photocurable resins for the same effect. In this *Funding: Brown Center for Faculty Innovation work, we used ionic liquids capable of and Excellence interacting with surfactant micelles to form porous aggregates. The ionic liquids contained A10 Cameron Black (Dr. Nicole Mottier) ethylene units capable of reacting with a [email protected] monomer, poly(ethyleneglycol) diacrylate, in Offense Plus Defense Equals Evolution: How presence of a photoinitiator, phenylbis(2,4,6- Did the National Basketball Association Evolve trimethyl-benzoyl)phosphine oxide. When into a Cultural and Economic Icon from 1970- mixing these three substances, we are able to 2000? form perfectly shaped polymers under white light projections. Aqueous poly(ethylene glycol)- In the twenty-first century, economics has poly(propylene glycol)-poly(ethylene glycol) increasingly become a larger factor within how (Pluronic P123) was incorporated into the sports are represented and interpreted by the system to generate micelles that ultimately American public. This extends to the National would provide the surface area needed for the Basketball Association, or NBA; it has application of interest. After the formation of experienced vast economic and cultural over these micelles, we mixed allyl-3- the past thirty years. Though multiple lenses vinylimidazolium ionic liquid with the monomer have been used to analyze this change, I assert and photoinitiator to create polymers under that cultural and economic evolution of the white light. Once the polymer was formed, we National Basketball Association can be analyzed removed the leftover surfactant using ethanol, through application of symbolic capital. My leaving the pores free. MSNs and MOFs, thesis is: I assert that symbolic capital impacted however, are already porous materials with the cultural and economic evolution of the high surface areas that we then reacted with a National Basketball Association by the series of monomers in attempts to optimize a Association using professionalism and language shape similar to that of the ionic liquid polymer. manipulation to increase the symbolic capital needed to increased revenue that drove the A13 Mary Bougoulias and Mats Israelsson (Dr. cultural and economic evolution of the National Michelle Skelton) Basketball Association as an economic and [email protected]; [email protected] cultural institution. My provisional conclusion is Me, Myself and My Spine that symbolic manipulation was used as a tool to influence Middle Class Americans to watch The spine serves as the major support the NBA by increasing the perception of the structure for the entire body; it is strong, but also susceptible to injury and disease. This improving the predictive accuracy in price presentation analyzes the spinal exaggerations changes as, traditionally, price movements and of lordosis and kyphosis including their speculation have been somewhat more etiologies, treatments and impact on the reactionary to the OPEC nations than may be individual. The purpose of this is to not only reasonable. This “power” of OPEC is derived inform college students about the overall from the fact that they have maintained importance of their spine, but to also educate between 35%-40% of the world oil supply over them on how daily activities affect their spine, the past decade. However, though they control both negatively and positively. The way we sit, a large amount of the world supply, many what we eat, and how we exercise are only a sources fail to take into account the rival-like few of the many daily activities that directly tendencies the OPEC nations have between one impact the development of our spines. We will another. In my eyes this rival nature between discuss the importance of how we go about the OPEC nations leave much room for error in those daily activities, as well as explain how terms of pricing predictability as their choices as proper performance in those activities can be a whole may be greatly offset by a few leading preventative measures for later spinal members, primarily Saudi Arabia. My deformities. expectations are that Saudi Arabia will turn out to have a slightly higher capability for oil price C11 Crystal Britt (Dr. Rebecca Watts) prediction as opposed to the entirety of the [email protected] Organization that it leads. Furthermore, this American Horror Story: Equipment through would provide further evidence on the living? existence of what we know as the OPEC “Cartel” theory. Through the use of Burkean methods and Gothic/horror conventions we discover how the D4 Brenna Burgess (Dr. Kenneth McCoy and Dr. televisual gothic horror show American Horror Rajni Shankar-Brown) story can be seen as equipment for living. Using [email protected] concepts such as perspective of incongruity and The Theatre and Education Collaboration by: piety and impiety as well as dramatism and Brenna Burgess using the concepts of the haunted house, the double, and time and space as metaphors that The Theatre and Education Collaboration are representative of that characters of the applies the theory developed from studying show thus supporting the theory of AHS being several case studies in which incorporating Equipment for living through the choices that theatre techniques into the curriculum the Harmon family make and the horrors that enhances teaching in unrelated subject areas. I they endure in the “Murder House.” primarily used an article called "Readers' Theater: "Hold On, Let's Read It Again.." By: D14 Austin Brown (Dr. Allen Green) Tracy D Garrett and Dava O'Connor with a few [email protected] other case studies as well. The case studies Influences of the Oil Cartel showed that combining theatre techniques with other subjects helped to improve the quality of This research will attempt to solve a the education. The result of my study is the small portion of the seemingly unpredictable creation of a 12 lesson curriculum for second question of future crude oil prices. More grade: three English, three Math, three Science, specifically, I will be analyzing the difference in and three Social Studies lessons that prediction capability for future prices based on incorporate theatre into state standards as the supply changes of OPEC as well as Saudi examples of curricular changes consistent with Arabia. The goal here is to find any lead in the theoretical foundation suggested by the research. environmental and ocean activism before and after participation with the goal of identifying D1 Miranda Camp (Dr. J Anthony Abbott) challenges and opportunities that, if addressed, [email protected] could optimize the use and effectiveness of Can Anyone Be A Scientist? Exploring the Role citizen science programming, and resulting of Citizen Science in Coral Reef Research outreach. Miranda Camp 1, Karsten Shein 2 , J. Anthony Abbott 1 , Kristi Foster 3 , Carrie E10 Miranda Camp (Dr. Melissa Gibbs) Manfrino 3 [email protected] 1 Stetson University, 2 NOAA National Does body type really matter? Relating Centers for Environmental Information, 3 climate change, coral morphology and Little Cayman Research Centre, Central resiliency* Miranda Camp 1, 2 Karsten Shein3 Kristi Caribbean Marine Institute Foster1 Jim Hendee4

1 Little Cayman Research Centre, Central Individuals lacking scientific training have made Caribbean Marine Institute, 2Stetson University, important contributions in many disciplines DeLand, FL 3NOAA National Centers for historically, but the role and value of public Environmental Information, 4NOAA Atlantic participation in modern professional research is Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory controversial within the scientific community.

Beneficially, citizen scientists provide a source Anthropogenic activities have reached nearly all of labor, a variety of skills, and capital, for coral reefs around the globe. Average sea example, paying to spend their vacations temperatures in many tropical regions are rising participating in environmental and ecological approximately 1-2˚C per century as a result of research. This link between the public and human activities that release heat-trapping research serves as a bridge between science gases, namely, carbon dioxide into our and education, creating a more environmentally atmosphere. This temperature change is informed populace. Additionally, citizen science thought to be a major driver of increased is becoming a major supplement to frequency of coral bleaching. Certain coral undergraduate degree programs, providing morphologies, however, appear to be more opportunity for students to acquire applied field resilient to changes in the environment, experience. At the same time, the contributions particularly to sea temperature variations of non-scientists are questioned and more resulting from global climate change. The easily dismissed by the scientific community on objective of this study was to compare coral the basis that the data they collect may not be resilience among morphology types in Little accurate. Through a survey of participants, Cayman, a remote tropical island with <200 organizers, and scientists, this study evaluates inhabitants, where it is possible to decouple and compares the role of both public and environmental and anthropogenic stressors. student-oriented citizen science in coral reef Three morphological groups (branching, research, with a case study focused on the intermediary and massive) were surveyed at 17 Central Caribbean Marine Institute on Little sites to estimate the percent cover of each Cayman Island, at which the lead author group. The relationship between coral participated in an ongoing National Science morphological coverage and temperature Foundation Research Experience for variation at depth was assessed in the context Undergraduates program. We examine of geographic variation around the island. professional scientists’ perceptions, public Statistical analysis suggested that, although the interest and awareness before and after total number of colonies did not change participation, and engagement in significantly with increased variability in temperature, total percent coverage of all coral grassland species. The cessation of burning the morphologies (excluding an outlier in the grasslands allows shrubs to move in and massive category) tended to decrease at sites displace other species. I joined a team in with higher temperature variability. surveying the flora of Iceberg Point, a *Funding for this project received from the conservation site containing these grasslands. I National Science Foundation. performed geospatial analysis on the data we collected to determine where sensitive B17 Christina Canalizo (Dr. Margaret Venzke) charismatic species were found in greatest [email protected] concentration, if and where shrub Operation Swallow: The Expulsion of the encroachment zones existed, and where the Germans from East of the Oder-Neisse Line, greatest concentrations of invasive species 1946-1947 were. I discovered some of the potential encroachment zones coincided with significant The British mission to expel Germans living east clusters of both sensitive species and invasive of the Oder-Neisse Line, nicknamed Operation plants. This overlap of hotspots indicates that Swallow, was not borne from a desire to punish these sensitive charismatic species could be the Germans for WWII atrocities, but rather facing the dual threat of competition with from a culmination of political pressures and invasive species and habitat loss due to the belief that the minority problem could only ecological succession be solved through mass expulsions. Several domestic and international political factors E18 Benjamin Chase (Dr. Cynthia Bennington) shaped the expulsion of the Germans: the [email protected] territorial designs of the USSR, Britain’s desire The effect of chronic herbivory on floral to maintain a free, independent Poland, volatile production in Passiflora incarnata: A budding cold war tensions amongst the Allies, bioassay with honeybees and Poland’s internal political disarray. Meanwhile, the Allies had adopted a postwar Pollinators and insect herbivores commonly framework of peace through population use floral scents to locate a flower. This leads to transfers, believing that minorities threatened a tradeoff in a plant between the reproductive the stability of their host countries and Europe benefit of attracting pollinators by producing at large. This presentation will focus on the more scents and the defensive benefit of expulsion of the Germans from Germany’s avoiding herbivores by reducing scents. I eastern territories that Poland acquired at the studied this tradeoff between defense and end of World War II and the reasons for British reproduction in Passiflora incarnata, or passion involvement in organizing these transfers. flower. I divided individuals of passion flower into two treatment groups, one that was E4 Benjamin Chase (Dr. Wendy Anderson and subjected to herbivory by the gulf fritillary Dr. J Anthony Abbott) caterpillar and one that was left untouched. I [email protected] arranged a choice chamber in which honeybees Do charismatic plants in a grassland on Lopez selected between flowers from plants in either Island, WA face local extinction due to the dual treatment group. Honeybees did not threats of shrub encroachment and invasive significantly prefer floral scents from one species? treatment group over the other. This could indicate that either passion flower allocates The Lopez Island grasslands have been energy into reproduction rather than defense or maintained by a fire regime that routinely it has a specialized signaling system that allows burned the woody stems of shrubs and trees it to selectively attract pollinators. that have threatened to shade out low growing B9 Marissa A. Cioffi as well as the impact of certain trends. Based on School of Law this information, I made a series of [email protected] recommendations to help indies compete in the Too Drunk to DUI: Saying "Yes" to the Test marketplace. Isn't Enough for Prosecutors in Georgia C12 Jason Cruz (Nicole Denner) This paper highlights Georgia's changes in [email protected] Driving Under the Influence (DUI) law that have The Power of Narrative in The Odyssey resulted in a puzzling phenomenon. Chemical test evidence is being excluded from DUI trials My paper examines key sections of Homer’s because the defendant was too drunk or ancient epic poem The Odyssey where impaired to consent to the test when asked to storytelling becomes a powerful tool for take it. Every state has adopted "implied emotional change. In the three sections I focus consent" laws that govern chemical tests and upon, Odysseus listens to stories of pain and DUI. Generally, implied consent laws suffering, is moved to tell his own, and resolves incorporate the idea that consent to chemical the epic by relating a secret to his wife tests for DUI is required upon request because Penelope. In doing so, I argue, Odysseus uses the consent is "implied" when the driver's the power of storytelling to deal with trauma license is received. Therefore, failure to submit which would otherwise go unattended. In my to such tests results in a consequence, typically larger senior research, I am arguing that our revocation of the defendant's driver's license. lives constitute stories and trauma acts as a However, several courts are questioning the disruption in them. By recognizing and validity of these laws, and the level of volition constructively expressing traumatic incidents, involved in test submission if the defendant is we can overcome their sway over our futures. drunk or under the influence of drugs when asked if they will submit to the test. This paper B12 Hannah Dean (Dr. Melinda Hall) examines Georgia's recent changes in implied [email protected] consent law to explain these emerging issues in Toward an Inclusive Ethic of Difference: An DUI law. Alternative Look at Animal Rights

A7 Jill Crotty (Dr. Grady Ballenger) In contemporary philosophical circles, the [email protected] question of animals rights has a variety of Small Fish, Big Pond: An Analysis of Trends in implications. The utilitarian philosopher Peter the Independent Book Publishing Industry Singer extends moral consideration to nonhuman animals but does so by evoking a My research analyzes four prominent trends in principle that he also uses to revoke moral the publishing industry: the growth of social standing for some people. I critique Singer on media platforms to build literary communities, the grounds that his argument for equal the development of the virtual office, the consideration for nonhuman animals is founded proliferation of content, and the increase in upon analogy and he leaves no space in the collaborative competition. Through my conversation for persons with disabilities whom experience in the industry, study of literature also understand the "cared for" role within such on the subject, and survey research, I explore a relationship of dependence. I do not want to the complexities of the rapidly changing market. dismiss Singer's arguments altogether but To gain a deeper understanding of indie rather, I think that they could be much better. publishers, I reached out to small presses across Ecofeminism provides much needed insights to the United States. Fifty filled out an open-ended the conversation insofar as if is heavily reliant survey about the current publishing landscape upon an ethic of care that is attentive to justice for dependent beings. In the same vein, thoughtful analysis through the lens of phenomenology is incredibly important because American exceptionalism reveals darker it allows us to look at individual experiences traditions within the American criminal justice (human or animal) and understand that they system. With the highest incarceration rate in can all be meaningful. Essentially, I maintain the world, the U.S. exemplifies as negative that animals have no need to exhibit any aspect of American exceptionalism. Given that likeness to humans in order for their lives to be the U.S. is often posed as a global leader and viewed as valuable. We should take a step back model for democracy, it’s imperative to from ascribing a human-centered view to the understand why the U.S. elicits this glaring rest of creation and rather, understand other statistic. American exceptionalism is a animals and people on their own terms, fully framework that analyzes different aspects of embracing the inherent goodness of difference. the U.S. - including historical development, cultural values, and institutional structures - C17 Sarah Dean (Dr. Tara Schuwerk) and serves as the foundation for understanding [email protected] the regressive nature of the American criminal Tomorrow Never Knows: The rhetoric and justice system. Previous literature typically communication of John Lennon and Paul! focuses on one explanation within American McCartney through their post-1966 songs with exceptionalism while discrediting the others; The Beatles this research aims to incorporate two explanations (cultural and institutional) using a The music of The Beatles transcends the genre case study approach (Japan, Germany, Canada, of pop and the time frame of its writing. The Finland) to identify why the U.S. incarcerates its songwriting minds behind much of The Beatles citizens at a much higher rate than other catalogue, John Lennon and Paul McCartney, economically developed and democratic used the music they wrote and produce to countries. communicate to the world. Through analyzing songs such as Lennon’s “Revolution” and E6 Ashni Deschenes and Laurie Scott (Dr. McCartney’s “Let It Be” through a Burkean Michele Skelton) rhetorical lens, this study explores some of the [email protected]; [email protected] messages John Lennon and Paul McCartney put Creatine, Food For Thought? in to their music — and how some of those messages were received by the world, the other Creatine, food for muscle or food for thought? band members, and even themselves in later Most people think of muscle building and body years. builders when they hear the words creatine supplements. But what if creatine is used by the B15 Ashley del Cid (Dr. David Hill, Dr. William brain? Recent research has shown that creatine Ball) is also naturally made in the body and used in [email protected] the brain to aid in cognitive function. The American Exceptionalism and the U.S. Carceral purpose of this presentation is to review State: Examining the U.S. as an outlier and current literature about creatine analyzing the institutional and cultural supplementation and how it may affect the differences brain. We will explore creatine as a fuel source for the brain as well as its potential The United States’ position as an influential neuroprotective effects. power is undeniable. Given its economic development, substantial military, and pledged democracy, it’s easy to see why researchers label the U.S. as “exceptional”; however, B7 Kasey A. Feltner migration, and that their ethnic identity was not School of Law concrete but extraordinarily fluid and [email protected] something that was expanded on and built Swipe Right for ISIS: Social Media and Material upon during their move to the Mediterranean. Support of Terrorist Organizations I will be using various books and academic journals to present the various perspectives by This paper will address that under 18 U.S.C. § modern, medieval, and traditional scholars on 2339B, American citizens are at risk of being the barbarian question. over-criminalized for attempting to provide material support to a foreign terrorist B2 Griffin Fuller (Dr. Margaret Venzke) organization by posting pro-terrorist comments [email protected] on social media. In accordance with the Sir Francis Drake: Revolutionary of the Pirates Supreme Court of United States’ decision in Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project, it is Before the Elizabethan Era, the term pirate possible for a citizen to be guilty of attempting portrayed a cruel, poor man who was to be to provide material support or resources to feared and despised by the public. Then there foreign terrorist organizations through speech was a change during the pirate career of Sir that would normally be protected by the First Francis Drake. One of the most controversial Amendment. This presents a problem in regards figures in naval history, Drake revolutionized to social media usage because a person may not the world of piracy from the dark images to a know that comments made online could figure that was revered, honored, and possibly fit the definition of support or respected. Not only did Drake change the resources that the Supreme Court has deemed public identity of the pirate, he altered battle illegal. Therefore, this paper will conclude that strategy, treatment toward victims of attacks, clarification is needed from federal courts as to and the way ships were sailed. Sir Francis Drake what constitutes material support or resources was revered by his homeland yet hated by his to foreign terrorist organizations in regards to enemies. To his homeland, he was the hero social media usage to avoid over-criminalizing who did what was necessary to complete the behavior that should be protected by the First mission. To his enemy, he was the maniacal Amendment. psychopath who tortured their people. Even through the controversy, Sir Francis Drake B14 Maria Frank (Dr. Kimberly Reiter) marked a change in the European world of [email protected] piracy. The Barbarians in Question B4 Kaley Fulton (Dr. Alexis Walker) The origins and evolution of barbarian ethnic [email protected] cultures, which can be seen during Late Preventing Radicalization: Civil Society Antiquity and the Middle Ages, have been Inclusion and Political Representation as Tools brought into question by many scholars and for Preventing Extremist Violence historians. They either choose to blame the barbarians for the Fall of Rome or use their With a brutal war being fought in Syria existence after Rome fell to explain away a and recent attacks in Iraq, Yemen, Belgium, and period known as the Dark Ages where they France, the world is acquainted with the threats consider civilization to have taken a step posed by Islamic extremist groups like ISIS and backward. The working theory that I will Al Qaeda. Perhaps less familiar to American continue to expand on is that, the barbarian audiences are peaceful Islamic organizations appearance in Rome resulted from a long like the Turkish AKP party,. The guiding force process of small movements, not a mass motivating both violent and peaceful Islamic political organizations is an ideology called and scientists, theatre artists sought to further Islamism, whose followers are referred to as expand this imaginative space by involving Islamists. Islamism is “ a form of mixed reality or the blending of the real with instrumentalisation of Islam by individuals, the virtual world. Starfall is an original film groups, and organizations that pursue political specifically written to involve elements of live objectives. Islamism provides responses to theatre and augmented reality. Here we will today’s societal challenges by imagining a discuss the processes involved in creating this future, the foundations for which rest on production as well as its successes and failures. reappropiated, reinvented concepts borrowed *Supported by funding from Dean’s Fund of the from Islamic tradition.” .This paper examines College of Arts and Sciences and the why some Islamists organizations use violence Department of Creative Arts to achieve their goals while others remain peaceful. This paper suggests that political D9 Luis Garcia (Dr. Ken McCoy) marginalization explains why Islamist groups [email protected] become radicalized (use violence). When The Learned Ladies: Recreating 17th Century Islamist organizations are allowed to run for Lighting legislative office there is 16-percentage decease Lighting designing is a key element in creating a in Islamist radicalization levels. The results unified theatrical production. In creating the confirm this hypothesis. When Islamist final lighting looks of a piece on stage, a lighting organizations hold seats in a legislative body, designer must first come up with a design there is a 36-percentage decrease in Islamist concept that allows for each theatrical radicalization rates. When Islamist department to understand the approach in organizations are included within civil society, which the designer is thinking. While there are there is a 7-percentage decrease in many factors that help establish a design radicalization rates among Islamist concept, determining what time period the organizations. piece takes place in can play a crucial part in a designer’s overall piece. The history of lighting C14 Michael Galvez (Dr. Kenneth McCoy) in theatre ranges all the way back to ancient [email protected] Greece and there has been vast changes Starfall: An Experience in Reality Immersion ranging from the use of candles onstage to now Theatre* LEDs used in most theatre spaces. The light design of Stetson’s production The Learned Visual and performative art in its most basic Ladies was made to test the limit of how form is the manipulation of the interpretative accurate one can go to mimic lighting used canvas – the imaginative space where an artist during the 17th century. Here we will discuss may bend the rules of reality as they see fit for the processes involved in creating a 17th their aesthetic purpose or sociocultural century period specific light design from design message. This manipulation is done in varying concept to opening night. degrees, depending on the amount of dimensions the medium utilizes. For example, A4 Nathan Gaubatz (Dr. K. C. Ma) painting and photography are all in two Roland George Investment Program dimensions. Sculpting, installation art and the [email protected] like use three. While performative arts, like Cal-Maine Foods: Buy Recommendation theatre, with its weaving through various motions of its actors and their interactions with Cal-Maine is the largest retailer in the United other design elements, expand this canvas by States. It has gained its market share across the involving a fourth dimension: time. In the past nation to develop to control the majority of the decade, through collaborations with engineers southern United States. They have done this through acquisitions and expansion of facilities. from being in favor of distribution to against it? With my research I discovered how this At a surface level, this question seems simple. company is going to grow and be a good However, is the answer simple when put into an investment for the future. experiment where people are forced to show their true beliefs? This paper will examine how A9 Arianna Hall (Dr. John Jett) people behave when their money is on the line. [email protected] This project is being funded by the Dean’s Fund, Survival of the California Sea Lion (Zalophus the Economics Department and the Political californianus) in Captivity Science Department. Dr. Alan Green will serve as adviser and co-author. The California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) has been a popular species for captivity and D12 Tim Hurst (Dr. KC Ma) entertainment purposes since their entrance [email protected] into captivity in 1760. Much of their popularity Chevron (CVX) Buy Recommendation, Roland is attributed to their generally small size, their George Investments Program ability to readily mate in captivity, and high cognitive abilities to perform in shows. A stock buy recommendation for Chevron Although they have been widely popular, much (CVX). Oil prices have fallen by 70% in the last controversy surrounds the idea of keeping 18 months, I analyze the cause of the decline, pinnipeds in captivity due to the uncertainty of as well as the future of the oil industry, oil their survival compared to their wild prices, and Chevron's stock value. counterparts. This research aims at evaluating the survival estimates of 1,790 California sea A8 Elizabeth Hutchison (Dr. Mary Pollock) lions from the Marine Mammal Inventory [email protected] Report (MMIR) using the Kaplan-Meier survival “Just to Finally Feel Good About Myself”: An estimate. This estimate evaluated the survival Analysis of Lesbian Coming-Out Narratives rates of individuals based on various factors such as sex, origin of birth, and location. This Coming-out narratives are not simply a linear study found that females had a higher survival process of one being “in the closet” to then but there was no statistically significant being “completely out,” but rather, it is the difference between the survival of sexes, developing internal and social experience of foreign facilities had a higher survival estimate eventually owning one’s identity. These and this difference was statistically significant, processes include not only the outward and finally captive born individuals had a higher experiences of a changing social identity, but survival estimate, which was statistically more so, the contemplative and intimate significant. process of accepting oneself, which usually pertains to deviant sexual or gender identity. I B11 Daniel Humphrey (Dr. Alan Green ) would like to consider the works of three [email protected] authors, Alison Bechdel, Julie Maroh, Jeanette Do Actions Speak Louder than Words? Winterson (and briefly director Abdellatif Kechiche), to analyze the commonalities of Are people’s preferences about redistribution lesbian coming-out narratives, namely common able to be changed through life experiences and relevant themes, which develop and events, specifically those that would change characterize the emotional journey of “coming- their financial position? Simply put, if a rich out.” Since both works are uncomfortable social person becomes poor will he/she begin to favor transitions, dealt with by personal more redistribution, and if a poor person introspection, the themes will therefore be becomes rich will he/she change preferences sensitive and reflective: sexual fluidity, naming oneself, religious oppression, romantic B3 Nichole Lamaritata (Dr. Mario Rodriguez) relationships, dysfunctional family life, identity, [email protected] introspection, social injustice, etc. This analysis The Invasion of Technology on the Hiring will also extend to the works that were inspired Process: Private and Public Information and by Bechdel and Maroh’s graphic novels (Fun the Effects on the Hiring Process in the Eyes of Home on broadway, and Blue is the Warmest the Employer Color, the film). I will be distinguishing themes between mediums, as Blue is the Warmest Spreading awareness about privacy for those Color as a graphic novel is slightly different from who don’t consider potential consequences, the film, and showcases the coming-out story as interviews were conducted to see if I could much more sexually driven than the novel. And influence privacy law, legislation or privacy similarly, the graphic novel Fun Home is policies of social media and learn how it may presented very differently than Fun Home on change the purpose of some people posting on Broadway. In total, I will be looking closely at social media with 8 employers or HR three written narratives, but in addition, I will representatives of various professions, learning be including themes in the performance and how the presence of social media has altered films that arise in the works, and exclusively in the process or overall decision. As social media the adaptions. and the use of technology on a daily basis become more prominent, that may be exactly D3 Brittany Kovalskaya (Dr. David Houston) the blessing or the curse, it is more prominent [email protected] to be used. There are a smaller percentage of Blended Learning: Changing the Role of a people who do not use social media around the Teacher Assistant world than those who do. An individual is easier to find solely based on their social media and Blended learning, which opens up the possibility employers have recognized this. There are of teaching two classrooms at once, is instances where the normal process of something new at Stetson University. It should application, resume and interview will no longer come as no surprise that blended learning has suffice. The employers are going to social media changed the role of the teaching assistant (TA), to see who the person really is outside of the making the position more active. With blended professional setting and how reliable they will learning, a new approach must be taken to the be. class because the class not only encompasses Stetson University but also Embry-Riddle A3 David Lazear (Dr. Alan Green) University. This is where my teaching assistant [email protected] skills come in to make sure there are Incentivized Organ Donations appropriate activities for both classes (what works with one class does not necessarily work This presentation details the study of increasing for two!), that everyone is comfortable, and human organ donations through payments and that everyone is learning the Russian language. gifts. The purpose of this study is find a way to This presentation shows that, in blended increase the number of human organs available learning, TAs need to be more active in the for transplant. Globally there is a considerable classroom than ever before. Thanks to Stetson’s shortage of organs available for transplant. College of Arts Dean's Fund I was also able to Many people suffer every year and eventually attend the Southeast Conference on Foreign die because of this, waiting to receive a Languages, Literatures, and Films. At this transplant. The current market in the U.S. for conference, Dr. Houston and I were able to organs is through altruistic donations, but there present on Blended Learning ---> Mixed are not enough. In general, people like to be Results? The Case of Russian. reimbursed for what they can supply. In this case, the people are the supply of the organs E7 Jonathan Lockwood (Dr. Kevin Riggs) and the recipients are the ones in demand, so [email protected] naturally there is a way to “pay” for organs. The Calculating the Effectiveness of Ultrasonic way to pay for organs can be done in two ways: Acoustic Levitation Using a One-Dimensional people can be compensated for their donation, Tranduscer Configuration in which case they receive a monetary gift or reward; or organs can be bought and sold at a Acoustic Levitation is the ability to cause a market price. particle to resist the force of gravity and float by the creation of a microgravity environment due D5 Sarah Lipsitz (Dr. Glen Epley, Dr. Emily to the forces associated with standing waves. In Mieras) this research I was seeking to determine the [email protected] accuracy of a one-dimensional acoustic Teacher Preparation: An Analysis of the United levitation device experimentally when States vs. Finland, Canada, and Singapore compared to an expected calculated value. From these determinations of accuracy I would What is good teacher preparation? What does it then be able to calculate characteristics look like? These were questions I asked myself including particle spacing, change in particle as an education major. The focus on teacher position, and the velocity of sound in air. This quality has been fueled by the results of experimental technique was accomplished international assessments like Program for through the use of a travelling microscope for International Student Assessment (PISA). measurement while making frequency, and Countries such as Finland, Canada, and amplitude modulations. Further by expanding Singapore have continually performed well on the experiment to a second dimension with an such assessments. The United States ranks additional transducer I would be able to have somewhere in the middle: not great but not more control over the particle thus being able awful. How are those three countries doing so to make more accurate measurements in an well? A large part of their success is found in experimental setting, thus proving the accuracy the teachers. So, what are these countries doing of an acoustic levitation device. that enables them to have a quality workforce? By looking at these countries, how can the C6 Jordan Madio (Dr. J Anthony Abbott) United States improve its own teacher [email protected] preparation program? My analysis consisted of Potential Relationship between Septic Tank 1) looking at what experts say are the Density and Nitrogen and Phosphorus components of good teacher preparation Concentrations in Lake Water in Volusia programs, 2) the historical factors that led to County FL reform in Finland, Canada, and Singapore, and 3) the teacher preparation programs in those The Indian River Lagoon (IRL) has suffered a countries and the United States. I found that in decline in ecosystem function from nutrient and Finland, Canada, and Singapore highly selective coliform pollution from septic tanks.This study and rigorous teacher preparation programs aims to identify the relationship septic tank produce better results than the teacher training density has on nutrient, Nitrogen and system currently used in the United States. Phosphorous, and coliform bacteria concentrations within Blue and South Talmadge Lakes of Volusia County Fl. Sites that contain higher concentration of septic tank densities should exhibit increased levels of nutrient pollution. Four sites were ascertained with varying septic tank densities. Water samples will be tested for Phosphate and nitrogen in surrounding the racially driven case. Using Ammonia form. There was strong positive broadcast transcripts from O’Reilly’s show on correlation between septic density and increase Fox called, The O’Reilly Factor, I will use on both total phosphate and nitrogen (R2>0.8). narrative analysis as my method to help There was a statistically significant difference understand how O’Reilly portrayed George between total nitrogen concentrations from the Zimmerman and Trayvon Martin during his sample site with the highest septic density from coverage. I have answered two essential all other sample sites (p<0.05). The hypothesis questions throughout this study. First, what was supported which suggests septic tank specific occurrence or event might have turned densities can be used to determine sites that the local story into a national media frenzy? will benefit strongest from the implementation And second, in what ways did O’Reilly portray of best management practices to reduce Zimmerman and Martin in his coverage? pollution into aquatic ecosystems. C1 Victoria Marsh (Dr. Rebecca Watts) B8 Shelby A. Mars [email protected] School of Law [email protected] Setting the Scene for Shopping: A Visual- An Unconstitutional Constitutional Rhetorical Reading of Local Supermarkets Amendment in the Context of Article III: Why This study focuses on the visual We Can’t (and Shouldn’t) Tell United States rhetorical criticism of the visual communication Supreme Court Justices When to Retire within four DeLand grocery stores, including The proposal that favors a constitutional Publix, DeLand Bakery and Natural Market, Wal- amendment limiting United States Supreme Mart, and Winn-Dixie. The visual Court Justices to a single eighteen-year term is communication of the grocery stores is traced unconstitutional, as it violates the Article III by observing and analyzing physical elements of grant of life tenure to members of the federal each store, including promotional set-ups, judiciary. The various effects such a signage, and colors that are used in order to constitutional amendment may have, including appeal to consumers. These elements, paired the politicization of the Supreme Court, would with the perceived actions that the store undermine the separation of powers system desires from consumers, will be seen through a around which the American democratic society lens of dramatastic pentad ratios, particularly is based. Through an analysis of both historical the relationship between the scene and the act practice and the potential consequences of such elements. A selection of the literature included an unconstitutional constitutional amendment, focuses on studies that also employ visual this paper will show not only why such an rhetorical analysis, but also literature that amendment would be unconstitutional, but also focuses on the food industry, the grocery why such an amendment would be detrimental industry, and the consumer culture industry in to America as a whole. general. By using reference and analysis through Kenneth Burke’s dramatistic ratios, I B1 Ariell Marsh (Dr Jelena Petrovic) hope to effectively examine and analyze the [email protected] visual communication of each grocery store, and understand how the communication affects Narrative Theory and Analysis: Bill O’Reilly’s the way in which consumers view and Broadcast Coverage on the Trayvon Martin understand the grocery industry. Case The Trayvon Martin Case of 2012 sparked a national debate. I have examined the discourse generated by Fox News personality, Bill O’Reilly, D10 Jacob Martin (Dr. Alan Green) fungal disease. S.m. barbouri breeds biennially [email protected] and apportions energy for reproductive Investigating the Automotive Industry purposes during the time in which she is not producing offspring. We took blood samples The Volkswagen automotive crisis has reopened from field species of S. m. barbouri and a major issue when it comes to corporation subsequently conducted a bacteria killing assay, honesty and ethics. I will be studying the effect a method of measuring innate immune that these type of incidents produce on function. We predicted gravid, vitellogenic and consumer confidence, as well as, the perceived post-parturition females to be brand value. Some economists argue that these immunocompromised while non-reproductive incidents are faults in the market that will be females to be relatively healthy. Yet, we found corrected over time. However, the correction that pregnant and vitellogenic females were not that is expected does not seem to occur. Rather immunocompromised relative to their body the automotive corporations are able to act conditions, leaving much room for speculation freely within their own market without any as to how pit vipers allocate energy in their ramifications of long term penalty. The question natural setting. that this project ultimately hopes to answer is, “Whether or not consumers have the market E5 Ciera McCoy (Dr. Craig Lind, Dr. Terence power necessary to deter large corporations Farrell) from acting outside the set rules and [email protected] regulations of their industries.” Seasonal Variation in Immune Function, Energetic Status, and Infection with Snake E8 John Massey (Dr. Craig Lind, Dr. Terence Fungal Disease in Free-Ranging Pigmy Farrell) Rattlesnakes (Sistrurus miliarius) in Central [email protected], Florida [email protected] The effect of reproductive status on innate The documentation of snake fungal disease immunity in the pigmy rattlesnake (Sistrurus (SFD), Ophidiomyces ophiodiicola, has increased miliarus barbouri) sharply over the last decade. Researchers are unsure as to whether the spread and negative Energy tradeoffs and life history are essential in impacts of SFD are caused by the pathogen understanding the biology of any organism. Yet, invading new populations, or if snakes have it is even more useful to be able to understand become more susceptible as the result of where energy is being reallocated to, weakened immune responses. Pigmy particularly as it pertains to innate immune rattlesnake (Sistrurus miliarius) populations in function. Knowledge of innate immune ability Central Florida have exhibited fungal infections can help in the management and prediction of for over two decades; however, local opportunistic infections that arise as a result of population sizes have remained relatively a compromised immune system. Specifically, stable. Vulnerability to infection may vary the high-output energetic costs of pregnancy seasonally as a result of thermal conditions and are thought to contribute to the immune energetic tradeoffs. To determine if season, sex, system becoming compromised. Pit vipers are and energetic status influence an individual’s particularly troubled by the egregious effects of susceptibility to infection, we examined fungal snake fungal disease, an opportunistic infection infection severity, body condition, and serum that manifests in immunocompromised complement activity (plasma bactericidal individuals. We studied freely ranging dusky ability) in free-ranging pigmy rattlesnakes over pigmy rattlesnakes, Sistrus miliarus barbouri, a the course of one year. Infection severity and species of snake afflicted with an opportunistic bactericidal ability varied seasonally; however, pigmy rattlesnakes suffering from active SFD A14 Kathryn Nathenson (Dr. Wendy Anderson & infections did not show deficits in innate Dr. J. Anthony Abbott) immune function. Infected snakes were in [email protected] significantly lower body condition when The Tuolumne: The Journey of a River and the compared to the general population. Males Story of its Water* sampled in the winter exhibited the lowest The Tuolumne River is a freshwater river that bactericidal ability compared to other groups. originates in the Hetch Hetchy Valley in Females did not exhibit seasonal variation in Yosemite National Park, a part of the High plasma bactericidal ability. The relationship Sierra Nevada Mountain Range. This river has a between seasonal variation in immune function rich and controversial history, and is to this day and seasonal variation in infection was as still incredibly important to the central valley of expected in males but not females. Our results California. The ways in which policy shapes how highlight the need for further research this water is used has very much has affected examining the extrinsic and intrinsic factors that the historical trajectory of the state, and its explain individual variation in vulnerability to people. Therefore it is worth understanding this SFD. relationship between policy and human perception of a resource. The fundamental D7 Jake Moore (Dr. Meghan O’Neill) question in water policy is: what really is water? [email protected] Is it a commodity? A right? Or something that Paleography and Editing in English Medieval transcends human use, that is, is water a Textuality: Transcribing Chaucerian physical entity bearing its own rights? By Manuscripts analyzing the various interpretations of the “beneficial use” clause in western prior Chaucer’s impact on English language and appropriation and by following the uses of the grammar has continued relevance in the water westward along the Tuolumne River modern day. This project is designed to explore towards San Francisco we will be able to view Chaucer’s careful manipulation of language and very narrowly how residents along the river dialect in The Canterbury Tale through its categorize water, and identify some of the participatory role in the ongoing Canterbury cultural repercussions that are very real during Tales Project, an extensive database for the the current drought. California will have some collected manuscripts of The Canterbury Tales serious problems in the coming decades as the as well as a community of philological hydrological systems irreparably are changed researchers and transcribers. Specifically, this and the population and tourism industry project’s goal is to transcribe two texts from continues to rise. two different manuscripts using the CTP’s *Funded by a 2015 SURE Grant encoding conventions. The manuscripts selected are Hg and Ii, and the text selected is D11 Sara Nelmes (Dr. Rachel Core) “The Reeve’s Tale.” This text has particular [email protected] importance among the texts included in the Shanghai: Urbanization, Smart Growth and greater Tales due to Chaucer’s deliberate use of Sustainability the northern dialect, one of the first recorded uses of dialect humor in English literature. My project is on smart growth in Shanghai, Additionally, this project seeks to compare the China. Smart growth is the confluence of two selected manuscripts’ incorporation of the economic development, environmental dialect and examine the linguistic decisions protection and quality of life. My methods for made by later scribes of the text. research include participant observation and in- field journals. I wrote five journals about my observations of the people, the environment and sustainability practices that have been put E11 Genevieve Patrick (Dr. Kirsten Work) in place in the city of Shanghai. The main [email protected] determiner of smart growth that I witnessed Gut content analysis comparing the Sailfin was the public transportation. There are Molly (Poecilia latipinna) and Eastern skybridges that people use to walk to the Mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) in Volusia subway station and an extensive subway system Blue Spring with multiple stops. Our group only used public transportation while in the city, except to get to Researchers use the structure of food web to the factories, which were pushed outside of the identify the processes that occur within a city for reasons that are described in my system, since they can directly show how the literature review. Historically, in 1959, a hukou system is affected as a whole by environmental registration system was set in place to try and changes. Preliminary stable isotope analysis in control population growth in Shanghai, which Volusia Blue Spring has described the overall caused the migrant workers to be moved food web structure of the spring, using the outside of the economic center of the city changes in ratios of heavy and light carbon and (McAuliffe 57). Smart growth has partially been nitrogen isotopes. It has suggested Gambusia achieved, but some ways that Shanghai could holbrooki and Poecilia latipinna may be continue it's sustainable development is consuming similar food items due to their through allowing migrants to live and work in similar isotopic ratios. We analyzed the gut the city, thus contributing to the economy and contents of G. holbrooki and P. latipinna in the not creating excess sprawl outside the summer and fall of 2015 from the boil and mid- economic center of the city. run of Volusia Blue Spring and the St. Johns River. In addition to diet overlap between P. A1 Neri Ordaz (Dr. Alan Green) latipinna and G. holbrooki, there is potential [email protected] overlap with Pterygoplichthys sp. based on the Disease in former Soviet Union Republics: An preliminary stable isotope analysis. This study economic analysis of Dutch disease in oil-rich indicated that P. latipinna in Volusia Blue Spring Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Russia is omnivorous. Poecilia latipinna may be omnivorous due to the competition it is Dutch disease is a phenomenon experienced by experiencing with G. holbrooki and countries with rich natural resources that ignore Pterygoplichthys sp. It is important to other sectors, such as the manufacturing and understand what roles P. latipinna and G. service industries, in favor of high-paying holbrooki play within the ecosystem because commodity rents. This research looks at the they are a major route for algae and insects to effects of oil prices and oil rents on the enter the food web. Azerbaijani, Kazakh, and Russian economies. The purpose of this paper is to examine the C9 Patrice Perkins (Dr. Rachel Core) effects of the transition from a command to a [email protected] market economy as well as the impact of “Acting Black” vs. “Acting White”: Mixed foreign direct investment and the role of Methods of Perceived Racial Social Roles government in the hydrocarbon sector. Data was collected from each country’s respective This study looks at how undergraduate students statistical databases and analyzed models based at Stetson University perceive black characters on panel data from 1997-2013. in the television shows, Black-ish and Empire. Participants were given an administered questionnaire that allowed for them to answer open-ended questions. The purpose of the research is to provide the foundation for future research that addresses “acting white” in the notable due to its ability to produce the media. Right now the previously published hepatotoxin Cylindrospermopsin, which is the research does not explicitly cover this issue suspected culprit behind the hepatoenteritis which is why this research is so important. It outbreak in Queensland, Australia. The Florida challenges the idea of how we as society strains of C. raciborskii have been of keen currently define race and what Stetson students interest due to their prevalence in possible define as “white” or “black” behaviors. sources of potable water as well as their difficulty to grow in a lab setting. The focus of C6 Stefanie Perosa (Dr. J. Anthony Abbott) this study is to determine the best technique to [email protected] culture this cyanobacterium in a laboratory A Historical and Contemporary Analysis of the setting. Different culturing parameters Dialectical Relationship between investigated include varying media types, light Environmental Art and Environmental settings, temperature ranges, and agitation Movements from 1960 to the Present levels. The results from these findings were then incorporated to study the optimal For the purposes of this project, I will examine phosphate/nitrate ratios needed to best culture the dynamic and interdisciplinary uses of art. C. raciborskii. The bacteria were cultured on Specifically, I will focus on paintings, drawings solid plates in Jaworski’s media with the and sculptures as methods of expression and as phosphate and nitrate concentrations altered, a dialectical medium that influences and is and the amount of colonies and surface area of influenced by social change on environmental each colony was measured to determine issues. By establishing that art is a creative growth. Two trials were conducted and the catalyst to profoundly affect social change and results were obtained via a two-way ANOVA. to promote reflection and questioning, I will Contrary to my hypothesis, the nitrate then introduce a theory to categorize concentration played a far bigger role in the environmental art. I will examine the genres, bacteria’s growth on the media than the forms and styles of environmental art before phosphate did, despite C. raciborskii being able and after the enactment of the National to fix nitrogen from the air. Whether this is a Environmental Policy Act to temporally phenomenon due to the impurity of the sample categorize environmental art into four or more or dependent on other growth conditions is distinct periods; pre-NEPA – the 1960’s, unknown and would require further transitional – 1965-1970, post-NEPA – 1970- investigation. 1990 and contemporary - 1990 – present. Upon their categorization, I would like to see if there E13 Tabitha Petri (Dr. Cynthia Bennington) are common themes and patterns amongst the [email protected] art pieces themselves and examine how they Restoration of sandhill ecosystems: The serve as vehicles to translate environmental importance of soil fungi on the growth of a ethics and virtues. native perennial, Liatris tenuifolia

E12 Brittany Peterson (Dr. David Stock) Sandhill ecosystems are found on ridges of the [email protected] southeastern United States. These systems are Determining the optimal phosphate/nitrate fragmented due to lumbering, agriculture, and ratios and growth conditions of urban development; such practices have Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii impacted soil traits including nutrient levels, pH and fungal communities. The Volusia Sandhill Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii is an invasive Ecosystem (VSE) was established as a small- photosynthetic bacterium found most scale restoration project in a degraded 2- commonly in freshwater lakes. This bacterium is hectare site at Stetson University. We tested how the introduction of soil fungi from an from their mother was also negatively related established ecosystem affected the growth of to maternal body condition in both the first six Liatris tenuifolia. We collected soil from Heart observations (r² = 0.61, p = 0.0239) and all pre- Island Conservation Area (HI), an established shed observations (r² = 0.54, p = 0.0018). sandhill. Half of the HI soil was treated with Maternal BCI did not have any significant effect fungicide (Daconil®). Two hundred seedlings on the spatial relationship among offspring (r² = comprised four treatment groups: a)HI soil, b)HI 0.001, p = 0.95; r² = 0.021, p = 0.7). Our results soil with fungicide, c)VSE soil inoculated with HI support the hypothesis that mother Pigmy soil, and d)VSE soil inoculated with HI soil with rattlesnakes may be actively choosing engage in fungicide. We measured the length of the maternal care or leave the birth site based on longest leaf and the total number of leaves over current energetic status. Mothers in poor post- thirteen weeks. The addition of native (HI) soil parturient condition may forgo the potential to VSE soil had no significant effect on number benefits to offspring care in favor of foraging or size of leaves (p>0.15). Plants grown in immediately after birth to increased survival native soil treated with fungicide were smaller and future fecundity. than those grown in untreated native soil. Yet, the inoculation of degraded soil with native soil A12 Matthew Rafferty (Dr. Emily Mieras) is ineffective at improving growth, as other soil [email protected] characteristics may be more limiting. Building Belfast: Historical Memory and the Titanic Belfast Museum* E15 Anita Porth (Dr. Terence Farrell and Dr. Craig Lind) In 2004, the government of Northern Ireland [email protected] set forth to install five new tourist attractions to Post-parturient maternal and offspring enhance the economy of Belfast, as well as behavior in Pigmy Rattlesnakes (Sistrurus bring tourism to the once great city in an effort miliarius) to revitalize its story. As stated by Ian Pearson, Minister with responsibility for Enterprise of Viviparous pit vipers are the only squamate Northern Ireland, “We live in a new Northern reptiles known to exhibit maternal care Ireland,” and “one hundred years after the birth behaviors. These behaviors may be induced by of the world’s most famous ship, Titanic Belfast specific physiological aspects of the pregnancy has become a major new tourist attraction for and birth process for the mother or by neonate Northern Ireland.” Despite strong claims to characteristics during their first days after birth. intellectual ownership of memory, We studied these phenomena in Pigmy preservation, and presentation of the Titanic Rattlesnakes, (Sistrurus miliarius), a Crotalid tragedy by American and British interests, the species known to exhibit maternal care. To test decision made by Belfast to promote and build this, we captured 29 pregnant female Pigmy a museum that preserves and shares the Irish Rattlesnakes in late summer and closely minority story of the Titanic has the strongest monitored their reproductive cycle using claim. specialized outdoor enclosures and video *This research was funded by a 2015 SURE surveillance. Our results showed that maternal Grant energetic status strongly influenced the spatial association between mothers and their C8 Alexandra Rasdal, Christina Chamberlin, offspring. Maternal nearest neighbor distance Kelsey Coulter, Callan Piazza, Heather Kobus, was negatively related to maternal body Jennifer Stone (Dr. Danielle Lindner) condition in the first six observations (r² = 0.54, [email protected] p = 0.0226) and in all pre-shed observations (r² Gender Differences in the Portrayal of Mental = 0.77, p = 0.234). Average distance of neonates Illness in Films thinly veiled excuse for her prejudice. This Research has indicated that societal attitudes paper will examine the text of the Bible—the towards mental disorders are negative and text upon which Davis relied—in order to stereotypical, and that popular films are both determine what support can actually be found influence and influenced by societal attitudes. for Davis’ position, as well as what support Little research has been done on the differences there is for the position of the plaintiffs and the of mental illness portrayal by sex of the Honorable Judge Bunning, who found for the character. The current content analysis plaintiffs and subsequently jailed Davis for five analyzed 15 popular North American films that days for contempt of court. involved mental health. Six researchers operationalized, viewed, and coded three main E9 Zach Rosson (Dr. Fred Hall, Dr. Thomas categories: Abnormality, Socialization, and Vogel) Sexualization. The data collected found that [email protected] men were portrayed as violent, whereas Orbital behavior around a nonuniform celestial women were sexualized at a higher rate than body* men. These disparities in the representations of men and women living with mental disorders Planets, moons, and comets may sometimes indicate different views of mental illness based have the appearance of being perfectly on sex. Citing previous research, the spherical, but in actuality they have nonuniform implications of these findings are discussed, distributions of mass and sometimes highly including the contribution of popular films to irregular topography. Among other causes, harmful and negative stereotypes of mental these nonuniformities can arise from the illness. compaction of crustal rock layers due to asteroid impacts over billions of years which B10 Kara Rogers increase the gravitational force in certain School of Law spatially distributed areas. To gather data about [email protected] the interesting geomorphology of these On the Side of the Angels: Who Does the Bible celestial bodies, satellites must fall into orbit Really Support in the Showdown between around them. Furthermore, to effectively Kentucky Clerk Kim Davis and Her LGBTQ produce these types of orbits, detailed Constituents? information needs to be determined of the celestial body’s nonuniform gravitational field In the summer of 2015, Kim Davis, the County since this changes the otherwise uniform orbital Clerk of Rowan County, Kentucky, entered the path around it. We performed computer media limelight when she refused to issue any simulations of these type of orbits and observed marriage licenses from her office in the wake of significant changes in orbital motion due to the Supreme Court’s Obergefell v. Hodges these type of anomalies. decision, which extended the constitutional *Funded by the College of Arts and Sciences right to marriage to same-sex couples. After Dean’s Fund, the Stetson Physics Department, Davis refused to issue marriage licenses, and the Center for Simulational Physics of the lawsuits were filed by couples who had been University of Georgia. denied marriage licenses by Davis’ office, and the case of Miller v. Davis began to unfold. In the days that followed Kim Davis quickly became a polarizing figure. Some people hailed her as a modern-day martyr who was willing to go to jail for her religious beliefs, while others decried her as a hypocrite using religion as a B5 James Russo (Dr. Alan Green) results showed that smaller fish are more [email protected] sensitive to hypoxic conditions than larger fish. Rostow’s Stages of Development and Governmental Institutions that Drive Economic E14 Kevin Serrano (Dr. Michael King) Growth [email protected] The Benefits of Carbon Nanotube Scaffolding The purpose of this research is to contribute to on Neuronal Growth* literature on economic development by Neurons of the CNS do not analyzing governmental institutions, such as, spontaneously regenerate their axons after contract law and property rights in order to being damaged, leading to many complications identify how countries transition between for individuals with such damage. Carbon stages of growth. This work combines two nanotubes (CNTs) are versatile polymers that strands of the economic growth literature in a can be used for many different purposes and robust empirical analysis. The aim is to identify chemically modified in many different ways. how growth regressions differ in each stage in These properties make CNTs useful as growth order to see what the relationship is between substrates for cells of the nervous system. I development indicators such as savings, human hypothesized that a CNT growth substrate capital, contract rights and a country’s stage of would have a positive effect on the limited economic development. Dr. Green and I began regeneration of CNS cells by acting as a working on this project in January 2016 for an microscopic nerve guide. Cerebellar neurons independent study elective. We are confident from a male Wistar rat were cultured on the findings of this research will merit coverslips coated in CNTs and neuronal publication in prestigious journals such as The projections were compared to neurons cultured Journal of Development Economics. on coverslips not coated in CNTs. Additionally, survivability and adherence of cells on E16 Tahirah Scott-Anderson (Dr. Melissa Gibbs) coverslips were analyzed to compare the [email protected] various treatments. There was a significantly Air-breathing of juvenile Pterygoplichthys higher presence of neuronal projections on slips disjunctivus (Loricariidae) with CNTs compared to the other treatments. The hypothesis was supported, but the Pterygoplichthys disjunctivus is an invasive experiment would greatly benefit from further species of armored catfish found in Volusia Blue fine-tuning of methods and a larger sample size, Spring, Florida. Catfish survival in the hypoxic as the small sample size (n=3 per treatment) spring is attributed to the use of aquatic surface made it difficult to analyze the effects individual respiration (ASR). The patterns of aerial treatments had on neurons. respiration of adult catfish have been described *This project was funded by the Stetson in Blue Spring however some questions remain. University Biology Department. We observed and compared aerial respiration patterns in 20 juvenile Pterygoplichthys D14 Emily Singer (Dr. Rebecca Watts) disjunctivus at different oxygen levels. We [email protected] hypothesized that air-breathing is only carried General Motors’ Ignition Switch Crisis: A Case out because of a lack of oxygen, and so, air- Study of Corporate Image Restoration breathing would correlate with oxygen levels, Strategies and that there would be a threshold dissolved oxygen level at which air-breathing would This study focuses on the prevalence of image cease; also, that smaller juvenile restoration strategies (Benoit) in General Pterygoplichthys would have a higher threshold Motors’ response to their fifteen-year crisis on for air-breathing than larger juveniles. Our faulty ignition switches. This was a crisis that entailed drivers’ cars to turn off while driving B13 Kristyn Stetson (Dr. Carol Corcoran) and air bags not depleting. GM did not speak up [email protected] about the truth for over a decade on the safety SPEAK: Selective Mutism Awareness in Schools issues associated with their companies’ products. Their organizational communication The disorder of Selective Mutism is not very utilized four out of five of William Benoit’s well known. Few educators are aware of image restoration strategies, and the CEO Mary Selective Mutism -causing the disorder to often Barra stepped in to facilitate and lead the be misdiagnosed and mistreated. Children are communication on behalf of the company. This academically penalized for not speaking and are study examines multiple interviews with GM sometimes punished or made to feel CEO Mary Barra, press releases from the inadequate by teachers because they do not company, and GM’s social media accounts in speak. This harms the student both emotionally order to analyze GM’s comprehensive public and academically. Selective Mutism is curable, relations response. The four image restoration all the child needs is therapy, but because of strategies I analyze in this study are reduction the extreme expense of privately treating of offensiveness, corrective action, Selective Mutism most children with the mortification, and evasion of responsibility. The disorder go untreated. Schools need to step up scholarly work in this area includes companies and provide treatment for Selective Mutes and responding in a timely manner, internal information for teachers, just like they do for communication, using the media as many other disorders. This presentation will partnerships, and social media. Through the explore, through the story of a child with lens of William Benoit’s image restoration Selective Mutism, what schools can do to help strategies in the discipline of organizational children with this disorder receive a fair and crisis communication, I analyze the strategies appropriate education. GM used to address the crisis, and consider how effective these were for their audience. D6 Abigail L. Thompson (Dr. Mario Rodriguez) [email protected] C7 Drew Smith-Denston (Dr. Margaret Venzke) Saved by the Bell Schedule? A Study of High [email protected] School Organizational Culture The Grey State: How Florida Aided the Confederacy During the American Civil War This study of the organizational culture of a high school in Florida seeks to understand the This research is focused on the contributions of relationship between the culture and the the State of Florida to the Confederate States of improvement of the schoolgrade, attendance, America during the American Civil War and its and behavioral incidents. The project involves role throughout the conflict. Florida faced very eight interviews comprised of four teachers, little fighting and contributed very little overall three administrators, and one recent alumna military resources. I have argued in my project commenting on aspects of culture that they that Florida was essential in contributing to deem significant at the school, as well as how civilian domestic goods to feeding the success is measured and communicated at the Confederacy, remaining an open door for school. Hall’s (1976) model of culture is used as European trade through overcoming the Union a theoretical framework to structure the blockade, and providing the Confederate meaningful aspects of culture. The study military with horses and food. Florida was a employs a grounded theory methodology critical state to the Confederacy and a strategic developed by Glaser and Strauss (1999), which obstacle for the Union to overcome. uses a three-level coding process to extract main themes from the interview data in order to answer the research questions. Overall, the study finds that the culture is complex in its historiography, public history and archival elements, but it supports and communicates studies, one can ascertain that St. Augustine one overarching ideology: a focus on the was an essential civil rights battleground, and individual success and personal growth of thus should be addressed as one in many more students is more important than the focus on scholarly sources. quantitative benchmarks and achievements. A2 Victoria Tomkinson (Dr. Rachel Core and Dr. C5 Jacob Thorburn (Dr. Rebecca Watts) Sven Smith) [email protected] [email protected] Remembering the Forgotten Movement, St. A Mixed-Methods Examination of the Risks Augustine in the Civil Rights Era and Rewards of Being a Female in a Sexualized Work Environment Attempting to incorporate the St. Augustine struggle into the wider historiography of the The purpose of this mixed-methods study is to civil rights movement is a significant task, explore the risks and rewards associated with especially considering its current being a female employed at a sexualized underrepresentation. Whilst authors such as restaurant. Grounded in the objectification David Garrow, David Colburn and Dan Warren theory framework, feminist theory, and rational have addressed some key issues with the lack of choice theory the sexualization of these females St. Augustine’s representation in popular is examined. I distributed a paper questionnaire memory of the civil rights, more could be done. to a population of 34 adult females and created In particular, minimal work has been put into an identical online version of the questionnaire the public memory aspect of St. Augustine, in using SurveyMonkey.com. My sample consisted particular the downtown area, which houses a of 25 adult female respondents recruited historic slave market, freedom trail and various through convenience sampling. Data was other important markers of the city’s enduring collected quantitatively measuring the history. Many think of St. Augustine’s tourist respondent’s opinion of the uniform worn, level market as solely the ‘Nation’s Oldest City,’ and of job satisfaction, and enjoyment of as such the obvious colonial roots have often sexualization. My role as a participant observer taken precedent over the largely neglected civil also allowed for data to be collected through rights history. When analysing the civil rights conversations and experiences relating to the movement, naturally we are inclined to think of sexualized worker. Data was analyzed and Selma, Montgomery or Washington due to the coded thematically around codes pertaining to monumental efforts and hugely publicised the risks (feeling objectified, sexual harassment, images that we associate with the struggle for and female patron’s judgment of the workers), equality. However, it becomes apparent that the rewards (friendships, viewing oneself without the key role St. Augustine would play in positively, tuition reimbursement, and making 1964, the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act good money), and a neutral category (an would have been even more problematic. Many attention to weight and male judgment of are unaware that Dr. King visited St. Augustine physical appearance). These themes were then in 1964. Placing the actions of the overlooked broken down into sub-themes and analyzed. I Robert Hayling and Mary Peabody or villains conclude that in the case of the sexualized such as James Brock and Connie Lynch worker, the rewards outweigh the risks, and alongside those of national luminaries such as while feminists may be quick to label working at James Farmer, John Lewis and James Meredith a sexualized restaurant as buying into is a momentous, but necessary challenge that patriarchy, my study paints such a decision as a this presentation will attempt to rectify. rational choice. Women carefully consider the Through a careful analysis of the overall cost-benefits of working in such an environment and it may actually empower them through presented materials that introduce and lucrative financial gains that help them to expound upon the FAE itself to test the efficacy further their education or position in society. of enlightenment effect as an intervention method. Results, implications, and ideas for B16 Matthew Vanaman (Dr. Laura Crysel, Dr. further research are discussed. Robert Askew) *Funded in part by 2015 SURE Grant [email protected] Are you enlightened? Exploring the E17 Hannah VanSumeren (Dr. Terence Farrell) relationship between the enlightenment effect [email protected] and the fundamental attribution error in Local adaptation of venom lethality in Pigmy evaluations of the homeless.* Rattlesnakes (Sistrurus miliarius): Evidence from reciprocal tests with treefrog prey.* Research has demonstrated that people may exhibit bias against the homeless in the form of We studied venom lethality of pigmy the fundamental attribution error (FAE), which rattlesnakes (Sistrurus miliarius) on squirrel tree is an error in thinking whereby observed frogs (Hyla squirella) from Lake Woodruff behavior in others is unduly attributed to one’s National Wildlife Refuge (LW) (n=55) and disposition (personality) without considering Apalachicola National Forest (ANF) (n=98) to environment influences. It has been found that determine if local adaptation exists in the simply being labeled “homeless” as opposed to toxicity of the snake’s venom or the prey’s “poor but living in a one-bedroom apartment” venom resistance. Toxicity assays were has been shown to by itself increase blame for conducted which compared the median lethal one’s circumstances (Phelan, Link, Moore, & dose (LD50) of the two sources of venom and Stueve, 1997), implicating the FAE as a form of two sources of squirrel tree frogs. We prejudice against the homeless. Many studies hypothesized that squirrel tree frogs from each have tested various strategies for reducing region (LW and ANF) would be better adapted prejudice towards the homeless using contact, to the venom that is found in their home meditation, empathy, and education. Here we region. The overall LD50 for frogs and venom tested an intervention method known as the from both locations was 8.59mg/kg. We found enlightenment effect in which learning about a the LD50 of each frog origin/venom origin psychological phenomenon can reduce its combination to not differ statistically from one power (Gergen, 1973). Furthermore, in-group another: ANF/ANF=8.80mg/kg, prejudice, or “prejudice against members of ANF/LW=10.06mg/kg, LW/ANF=7.07mg/kg, and one’s own group” has been well documented in LW/LW=7.06mg/kg. To analyze the mortality other disenfranchised groups, such as Blacks results, we performed a logistic regression. We and African Americans (“shooter bias”, Correll, found that there was a significant relationship Park, Judd, & Wittenbrink, 2002; and between venom dose and mortality (p< 0.0001). preference for white dolls over black dolls in Frog origin (p=0.10) or venom origin (p=0.10) black and African American children, K.B. Clark, were not statistically significant predictors of and Clark, 1947). However, prior to this study, mortality. No interaction effect between frog no research had sought to search for this origin and venom origin was found (p=0.39). phenomenon among the homeless. This study Finally, we detected a strong trend between the presented homeless individuals with fictional interaction of dose and venom source (p=0.06), vignettes about a homeless character. A blame indicating that the two venoms may not scale to determine the frequency of the FAE perform in a similar manner. while testing to see if one’s social dominance *Funding came from Stetson Biology orientation, or preference for hierarchies in Department and the Brown Scholar Fund society, as a potential covariate. We then C10 Amie Vaughan and Kerry Lynch (Dr. Julie D2 Kayla Weller (Dr. Mario Rodriguez) Schmitt) [email protected] [email protected], [email protected] Communication Styles of Correctional Acting in Learned Ladies Educators and Incarcerated Students: Relationship Building and Trust Within a Prison This presentation addresses the research and Education Environment creative work involved in acting two roles for the Stetson Theatre Arts' department In my study I will be meeting with educators in production of the play The Learned Ladies (Les prison from different prison education Femmes Savantes) by the 17th century French programs and interviewing them about their playwright Moliere. First a brief summary of the classroom sessions and discussing their preparation and description of the acting and communication styles. I will be conducting research processes will be provided, along with these interviews somewhere convenient for the a brief synopsis of the play. Next, a short teachers but it will not take place at the prison. excerpt from it will be performed live. To I will record each interview and sit down after conclude, questions will be invited after the to analyze them and find different connections performance. or similarities in each interview. I conducted a first round interview and then followed up with C4 Daylan Ware (Dr. J. Anthony Abbott) my participants after carefully reviewing their [email protected] responses to my original questions. The How diverse sizes of conservation land serve purpose of this study is to understand the different functions in Volusia County education inside prison and the effects it has on the people involved in the programs. Conservation lands are bought in all shapes and sizes and serve a diverse function in Volusia C3 Madeline Welsh (Dr. Margaret Venzke) County and everywhere else they exist. How [email protected] large or small the land is very important in The Johns Committee, 1956-1965: Maintaining determining what function or usage the land the Social Status Quo Under the Guise of can serve. In my research I analyzed the Fighting Communism in Florida conservation lands bought through the Florida Forever program to other conservation lands in Founded in 1956 the Florida Legislative Volusia County. Through the analysis I was able Investigation Committee, more commonly to discover that there is indeed a correlation known as the Johns Committee, was given a between larger conservation lands (over 500 mandate to rid Florida of communists and acres) and smaller conservation lands (under communist front organizations as well as other 500 acres) in what they are used for. A majority potentially violent or disruptive groups. Anti- of the smaller conservation lands serve as parks communist movements such as the Johns and are mainly used for recreational purposes, Committee did not only aim to eliminate while the larger lands usually aid as more communism but also, and perhaps primarily, to connectivity tracts of forest to help increase maintain the social status quo within the United connectivity between larger previous bought States through the use of aggressive conservation lands and serve as more of an investigative practices towards those of benefit to wildlife protection and preserve minority races and of different sexual current natural habitats. orientations. These efforts included a purge of the Florida public school system to eliminate subversive educators, targeted attacks of the NAACP and other similar organizations, and a toleration of truly aggressive groups such as the KKK and White Citizens Councils. These efforts, including the methods they used, how they and indeed the existence of the committee concealed their messages, how the spies got itself, indicated a lack of desire on the part of their information to Washington, and the mainstream Florida political body to Tallmadge’s background and original ideas acknowledge the progress that had been made about the Culper Ring. up to that point regarding civil rights and to maintain an antiquated and inherently unequal D4A Lucille Williams-Fernandez and Keisha social system. Nauth (Dr. Dejan Magoc) [email protected]; [email protected] B18 Emmie Wenzell (Dr. Alan Green) Gender Differences in Health Related [email protected] Behaviors among College Students Demanding Sex: The Factors Driving Demand of Human Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation College is a time of transition and adaptation. It is often the time when students start The current approach to studying human experiencing changes in health related trafficking for sexual exploitation consists behaviors. This project examined gender largely of emphasis on the victims most prone differences in health related behaviors among to being trafficked—the supply. This study college students. Besides various demographic examines the issue from a different angle—the questions, 939 students from two mid-size demand. Using East Asia and the nations most public Universities in the U.S. completed the often associated with this region as a case International Physical Activity Questionnaire), study, this research quantitatively investigates the Power of Food Scale (the Alcohol Use the higher demand for trafficked victims Disorders Identification Test and various associated with this region. This paper uses a questions about eating and sleeping behaviors, time series regression model to analyze the as part of a larger study. The results indicated demand of trafficking. An economic study of the significant gender differences in levels of PA issue reveals influential factors on the demand with men being significantly more physically of trafficked victims thereby presenting possible active than women: Vigorous Days (F(1,938) = solutions as to curbing the demand to eliminate 17.16, p < .001). Men reported significantly the need for the supply. higher levels of alcohol drinking than women (F(1,938) = 7.42, p < .01), whereas women B6 Caroline Williams (Dr. Margaret Venzke) reporting significantly higher prevalence of [email protected] uncontrolled eating than men both when food Only That Which is Concealed is Protected: The is available (F(1,938) = 5.24, p < .05) and Culper Ring and the Professionalization of present (F(1,938) = 9.40, p < .01). Although Spying research has investigated health related behaviors and beliefs in college students, as of Major Tallmadge was able to professionalize our knowledge a limited research have spying in America through his creation of the investigated such relationships focusing on Culper Ring. The Culper Ring’s information was gender differences. Targeting gender-specific vital to the American cause, helping cognitive concepts might be of great interest for Washington to plan accordingly and thereby future research. win the war. The ring’s biggest contributions were uncovering a British counterfeiting scheme, diverting the British so that the French fleet could safely disembark in Rhode Island, and the treachery of Benedict Arnold. I will be looking at the actual process of spying, Ariel Zeig (Dr. Michael McFarland) around the ups and downs of a couple’s [email protected] relationship.” (Lopez 261). How do these films Redefining Romance: A Rhetorical Narrative actually play out in our lives though? Is our Criticism of Vicky Cristina Barcelona and the belief of what we understand romance genre to Role of Familiarizing Audiences with Non- be, correct? By introducing audiences to non- Monogamy monogamy through the use of narrative criticism this study aims to redefine the concept Film has a way of working its way into our lives. of the romantic film with the use of non- We use references from popular movies to act monogamy and other elements presented in as descriptors for everyday life. We wish for the 2008 film, Vicky Cristina Barcelona. that same fairytale ending for our own romantic lives, but what exactly is a romance film? By definition, romance films, “are constructed

Stetson Undergraduate Research Committee:

 Kimberly Reiter, Ph.D., Associate Professor of History – Committee Chair  Karen Ryan, Ph.D., Dean, College of Arts & Sciences  Carol Corcoran, Ph.D. Professor of Teacher Education  Melissa Gibbs, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Biology (Sabbatical)  David Hill, Ph.D. Associate Professor of Political Science  Sidney Johnston, Grants and Contracts Manager  Christopher Ma, Ph.D. Professor of Finance  Ken McCoy, PhD, Professor of Theater  Kevin Riggs, Ph.D., Professor of Physics  David Schmidt, Assistant Professor of Music  Jean Wald, Assistant Professor and Music Librarian  John York, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of Chemistry

Thank you to the following:

 The Office of the Provost  Amy Ammon and Stetson Events Set-up  Stetson Media Services  Administrative support staff at Stetson University, including but not limited to: o Richard Tysor and Kim Walker Oates in the Office of Academic Affairs for budget support and organizational help. o The Creative Marketing team for advice and promotion o The Office of the Dean of the College of Arts & Sciences for support with the Maris Prizes. o The students who monitor cultural credit o The Showcase Interns Rebecca Herron, Kathryn Nathenson and Brett Whitmore o Most especially, Mary Bernard in the History Department for indispensable administrative support.