Master Plan of Izu Peninsula Geopark Index
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Master Plan of Izu Peninsula Geopark Index Index 1 1 Creating the Master plan for Izu Peninsula Geopark 2 1-1 Introduction of Geopark 2 1-2 Izu Peninsula Geopark 3 1-3 Past and Future Promotion for Izu Peninsula Geopark project 4 1-4 Direction and period of Master plan and Action plan 6 1-5 Development of the plan 7 2 The Goal of Izu Peninsula Geopark 9 2-1 Future Plan 9 3 Five Objectives of Izu Peninsula Geopark promotion 11 The Goals of Izu Peninsula Geopark 11 3-1 To educate and develop “Izujin” (People who love and support Izu) 11 3-2 To protect and utilize the gifts of Nature 13 3-3 To create a Natural hazard management culture and present to the world 14 3-4 To create comfortable and enjoyable environment for all 16 3-5 To organize the management structure to support activities 17 4 Izu Peninsula Geopark Promotion organization 19 1 Index 1 Creating the Master plan for Izu Peninsula Geopark 1-1 Introduction of Geopark Local Development Geopark is a park in the natural environment where natural and cultural heritage has been generated by geological movements and where the heritage of the earth (Geo heritage) is the main focus of Conservation Utilization attraction. Only the areas where the Geo heritage is well protected, conserved and being utilized for educational and promotional Geopark purposes for sustainable local development are recognized as a Resources created by Geopark. Presently the program of Geopark is supported by UNESCO the earth (Geo) and promoted in the world. The followings are the terms and conditions to be fulfilled in order to be certified as Global Geopark. 〇 Geopark must consist of a considerable number of geological features and valuable cultural heritage 〇 Geopark must have a clear and defi ned boundary 〇 Geopark must have a well established management organization and management plan as well as fi nancial plan 〇 Geopark must promote sustainable development of the local regions through activities such as geo- tourism 〇 Geopark must promote education and publication on geological science and environmental issues 〇 Geological heritage must be protected and conserved 〇 Geopark will become a member Global Geopark Network and be actively involved in the promotion of the Network 〇 Natural hazard prevention is a very important feature of Geopark The assets of Geopark include all the features created by and based on the earth (Geo). They include geological formation, soil, ground water, and hot spring that are all created by the unique geological strata and rocks in the region. They include animals and plants, special local products upon which a variety of industries have been developed. Nature also causes great natural hazard from time to time. However, the natural hazards have also helped us in the improvement of natural hazard management science and technology as well as to develop wisdom and culture among people to coexist with natural hazards. Both the blessings and danger of the nature have contributed to the formation of unique landscapes, industries, history, characteristics of people, science, culture, ideology, religion, arts, and education in the specific regions. Geopark should be a place where people proactively learn and enjoy its merits and utilize it in education, natural hazard management, tourism and urban development. 1 Creating the Master plan for Izu Peninsula Geopark 2 1-2 Izu Peninsula Geopark ①Origins of the Izu Peninsula ～Volcano Gifts from the South～ Approximately 20 million years ago, the Izu Peninsula was a collection Deep marine stage 20-10 million years ago of submarine volcanoes located on the Philippine Sea Plate far south of Japanese Mainland Trench 800 ～ Japan’s main islands (Honshu). These submarine islands and volcanic 400km Submarine islands shifted northward with the movement of the Philippine Sea Volcanoes Nishina and Yugashima Groups Plate and collided with Honshu approximately one million years ago to (Deep Submarine Deposits) Shallow marine stage form the present peninsula. After becoming a peninsula attached to 10-2 million years ago Japanese Mainland Honshu eruptions continued across land and large volcanoes arose to Trench 400 ～ 80km Submarine form the present structure of Izu. About 200,000 years ago when the Volcanoes Shallow Volcanic Islands volcanic activities that created large mountains ended, another activity Shirahama Group (Shallow Submarine Deposits) of individual monogenetic volcano group started, which is one of the Start of collision 2-1 million years ago unique features of volcanic activities in Japan. These are the collection Japanese Mainland of small volcanoes that erupted in different locations each time. They 80～40km Basal part of Atami Group Land are named “Izu Tobu Monogenetic Volcano Group”, and are active (Submarine Deposits) till today. The Philippine Sea Plate continues to push Izu peninsula Progress of collision against Honshu and this tectonic movement keeps creating diversity of 1-0.6 million years ago Japanese Mainland Uplift and Erosion of landforms in Izu. These exceptional geological features make Izu one of Tanzawa mountains Ashigara Group our planet’s most distinctive regions. (Channel Deposits) Uplift of Izu Island Birth of Izu Pninsula ● Five sub-topics according to the origins of Izu peninsula 0.6 million years ago Tanzawa mountains 1. Volcanic islands from the south sea which collided with Honshu Large Terrestrial 陸化した Volcanoes 足柄地域 Various evidences that indicate shifting and collision 2. Roots as submarine volcanoes Evidence of eruption of submarine volcanoes and roots in different areas Growth of Izu Peninsula 0.6-0.2 million years ago 3. Large volcanoes arise after formation of peninsula Tanzawa mountains Ashigara mountains Hakone Volcano Group of large volcanoes which formed the main structure of Izu 4. The living earth of Izu Amagi volcano 4A：Izu Tobu Volcano group – collection of small volcanoes which created diversity of terrains and which are active till today 4B：The continuously changing earth due to tectonic movements and active faults 5. Wisdom and culture of people who have been coexisting with the changing earth 5A：Land formation, ejecta, mineral deposit, geothermal heat, utilization of spring water 5B：Advanced approach for prevention and mitigation of natural hazard 3 1 Creating the Master plan for Izu Peninsula Geopark ②Location and area of Izu Peninsula Geopark Izu is located in the eastern part of Shizuoka prefecture and is a peninsula jutting out to the south by approximately 50km. Izu Peninsula Geopark consists of fifteen cities and towns of Izu peninsula (Numazu city, Atami city, Mishima city, Ito city, Shimoda city, Izu city, Suruga Bay Izunokuni city, Higashiizu town, Kawazu town, Minamiizu town, Matsuzaki town, Nishiizu town, Kannami town, Sagami Sea Nagaizumi town, and Shimizu town) and it covers the total area of approximately 1,585km2. Major area of Izu Peninsula Geopark is mountainous. The coastal line and northern central ridges including Mt. Amagi are designated as a part of Fuji Hakone Izu national park. The tall mountains are protruding towards the sea and bring a lot of rain to Izu peninsula making it one of the heaviest rainfall areas in Japan. These mountains are close to the sea and indented coastal formation. These complex landforms make distinction of different regions which lead to the diverse characteristic of each area in Izu peninsula. Izu Peninsula Geopark area is one of the most renowned hot spring areas in Japan. The tourism industries are making most of exceptional nature and the convenient location in the short distance from Tokyo metropolitan area. Agriculture and forestry industries are also thriving with special local products such as Wasabi horseradish, brown Shiitake mushroom, lobsters, and giant spider crabs. Northern region of Izu peninsula is well developed in manufacturing industries due to the location being only one hour “Shinkansen” bullet train ride from Tokyo and for the abundant resource of spring water. Approximately 690,000 people reside in Izu peninsula, and close to 40 million tourists visit Izu annually (total number of recreational visitors) within which 10 million people visit and stay overnight (Shizuoka prefecture statistics on tourism for 2012, figure includes multiple court of one visitor). 1-3 Past and Future Promotion for Izu Peninsula Geopark project ①History of Izu Peninsula Geopark People initiated and developed variety of activities in Izu peninsula which were the seeds of the geopark program before the concept of Geopark was introduced. The first “Summer school for children on earthquake and volcano” was held in Kannami town in the year 1999, and has been held every year in different places throughout Japan. Variety of lectures and open classes by citizens were held in different regions such as the activity by “NPO Machikon Ito Japan” which is 1 Creating the Master plan for Izu Peninsula Geopark 4 a citizens group founded in the year 2000. “Ito city nature and history guide training course” was planned by cooperation of Ito city and citizens organization, and is the original form of Geo-guide training course. Ito city has provided this course since the year 2005. Series of guidebook-like articles titled “The Geological Story of Izu” (written by Professor Masato Koyama of Shizuoka university Center for Integrated Research and Education of Natural Hazards) has been published in Izu Shimbun newspaper since the year 2007. Izu Peninsula Geopark activities have been initiated and promoted by citizens and researchers of universities since the year 1999. ②Establishment of Izu Peninsula Geopark Promotion Council Izu Peninsula Geopark promotion council was established in February 2010 when the promotion of Izu Peninsula Geopark project was agreed by the mayors of six cities and six towns during the Izu peninsula administrative leaders conference. The Guideline of Izu Peninsula Geopark project was completed in January 2011. In March 2011 the “Izu Peninsula Geopark Promotion Council” was established by seven cities (six above mentioned cities and Numazu city) and six towns, Shizuoka prefecture, various organizations, and transportation companies.