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Aldrich FT-IR Collection, Edition II

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Aldrich FT-IR Collection, Edition II This library contains 18,454 infrared spectra of condensed-phase compounds, representing the breadth of products offered in the Aldrich Catalog Handbook of Fine Chemicals. Solid samples were run as mulls. Liquids were run neat between two potassium bromide (KBr), sodium chloride (NaCl) or zinc selenide (ZnSe) plates. The spectra were collected at 4 cm-1 spectral resolution with adequate signal-averaging time to achieve a 5,000 to 1 ratio in the fingerprint region. All spectra had a minimum absorbance of 0.5 to achieve the desired signal-to-noise ratio. The maximum absorbance was limited to 1.5 to assure photometric accuracy and proper representation of the strong peaks. The spectra were baseline corrected as necessary and any residual water or CO2 absorptions were removed by spectral subtraction. A small number of simple gases are represented in the library to illustrate the similarities and differences between the infrared spectra of simple versus complex molecules. Pure gases of known concentrations were measured at room temperature in a 25-cm gas cell (1 meter path length) with KBr windows. The pressure used to measure each sample was adjusted to produce at least one band in the range between 0.6 and 1.5 absorbance units by back-filling with nitrogen to produce a total pressure of 750 torr. An MKS Baratron capacitance manometer was used to measure pressure. The following information for this collection is available on-line, when known: Index number Compound name Molecular formula Molecular weight Boiling point Melting point Flash point Density Refractive index Category name Sampling technique Aldrich catalog number CAS (Chemical Abstracts Services) registry number Aldrich volume and page number (Book Ref.) The Aldrich volume and page number will help you locate the printed spectrum in The Aldrich Library of FT-IR Spectra, Edition II (Sigma-Aldrich Co., 1997). The volume and page number field is in the form: <volume number>,<page number><spectrum letter> For example, the spectrum with the location number 1,234B refers to the second (B) spectrum on page 234 of Volume 1. To view the PDF files, you need the Adobe Acrobat Reader. If you do not have the Adobe Acrobat Reader, use the link on the left to download it from the Adobe website. View Library PDF Part I View Library PDF Part II View Library PDF Part III Aldrich Edition 2 FT-IR Condensed Phase Library Part 1 Index Number Compound Name Index Number Compound Name 1 METHANE, 99.0+% 31 TRIACONTANE, 2 ETHANE, 99+% 99% 3 PROPANE, 98% 32 DOTRIACONTANE, 4 BUTANE, 98% 97% 5 PENTANE, 99+%, 33 TRITRIACONTANE, SPECTROPHOTOM 98% ETRIC GRADE 34 TETRATRIACONTA 6 HEXANE, 99+% NE, 98% 7 HEXANES, 98.5+%, 35 HEXATRIACONTAN A.C.S. E, 98% SPECTROPHOTOM 36 TETRATETRACONT ETRIC GRADE ANE, 99% 8 HEPTANE, 99%, 37 HEXACONTANE, SPECTROPHOTOM 98% ETRIC GRADE 38 PETROLEUM 9 OCTANE, 99+% ETHER, A.C.S. 10 NONANE, 99% REAGENT 11 DECANE, 99+% 39 LIGROIN 12 UNDECANE, 99+% 40 MINERAL SPIRITS, 13 DODECANE, 99+% ODORLESS 14 TRIDECANE, 99+% 41 KEROSENE, LOW 15 TETRADECANE, ODOR 99+% 42 MINERAL OIL 16 PENTADECANE, 43 MINERAL OIL, 99+% WHITE, HEAVY 17 HEXADECANE, 99% 44 AMOJELL, SNOW- 18 HEPTADECANE, WHITE 99% 45 PRECISION D 19 OCTADECANE, 99% VACUUM-PUMP 20 NONADECANE, 99% OIL, DOUBLE- 21 EICOSANE, 99% DISTILLED 22 HENEICOSANE, 46 PRECISION B+ 98% VACUUM-PUMP 23 DOCOSANE, 99% OIL, HIGH 24 TRICOSANE, 99% VISCOSITY 25 TETRACOSANE, 47 APIEZON M 99% 48 APIEZON N 26 PENTACOSANE, 49 PARAFFIN WAX, 99% WHITE CHUNKS, 27 HEXACOSANE, 99% C.P. 54-56 DEG. 28 HEPTACOSANE, 50 PARAFFIN WAX, 99% WHITE CHUNKS, 29 OCTACOSANE, 99% C.P. 58-62 DEG. 30 NONACOSANE, 99% Aldrich Edition 2 FT-IR Condensed Phase Library, page 1 of 178 Index Number Compound Name Index Number Compound Name 51 PARAFFIN WAX, 73 2,2- FLAKES, MP 65 DIMETHYLHEXANE, DEG. C MIN. 98% 52 PARAFFIN WAX, 74 2,4- FLAKES, MP 73-80 DIMETHYLHEXANE, DEG. C 99% 53 CANDELILLA WAX, 75 2,5- NATURAL DIMETHYLHEXANE, 54 2-METHYLBUTANE, 99% 99+%, 76 3,4- SPECTROPHOTOM DIMETHYLHEXANE, ETRIC GRADE 97% 55 2- 77 2,2- METHYLPENTANE, DIMETHYLHEPTAN 99+% E, 99+% 56 3- 78 2,3- METHYLPENTANE, DIMETHYLHEPTAN 99+% E, 99% 57 3-ETHYLPENTANE, 79 2,2,3- 99% TRIMETHYLBUTAN 58 2-METHYLHEXANE, E, 99+% 99% 80 2,2,4- 59 3-METHYLHEXANE, TRIMETHYLPENTA 99% NE, 99+%, A.C.S. 60 2- SPECTROPHOTOM METHYLHEPTANE, ETRIC GRADE 99% 81 2,3,4- 61 3- TRIMETHYLPENTA METHYLHEPTANE, NE, 98% 98% 82 2,2,5- 62 4- TRIMETHYLHEXAN METHYLHEPTANE, E 99% 83 HEXAMETHYLETHA 63 2-METHYLOCTANE NE, 99% 64 2-METHYLNONANE 84 2,6,10,14- 65 3-METHYLNONANE TETRAMETHYLPEN 66 4-METHYLNONANE TADECANE, 98% 67 2,2- 85 2,2,4,6,6- DIMETHYLBUTANE, PENTAMETHYLHEP 99% TANE, 94% 68 2,3- 86 SQUALANE, 99% DIMETHYLBUTANE, 87 2,2,4,4,6,8,8- 98% HEPTAMETHYLNON 69 2,2- ANE, 98% DIMETHYLPENTAN 88 ETHYLENE, 99.5+% E, 99+% 89 PROPENE, 99+% 70 2,3- 90 1-BUTENE, 99+% DIMETHYLPENTAN 91 1-PENTENE, 99% E, 99+% 92 1-HEXENE, 99% 71 2,4- 93 1-HEPTENE, 99+% DIMETHYLPENTAN 94 1-OCTENE, 98% E, 99% 95 1-NONENE, 98% 72 3,3- 96 1-DECENE, 94% DIMETHYLPENTAN 97 1-UNDECENE, 99% E, 99% 98 1-DODECENE, 95% Aldrich Edition 2 FT-IR Condensed Phase Library, page 2 of 178 Index Number Compound Name Index Number Compound Name 99 1-TRIDECENE, 99% 125 CIS-9- 100 1-TETRADECENE, HENEICOSENE, TECH., 92% 97% 101 1-PENTADECENE, 126 CIS-9-TRICOSENE, 98% 97% 102 1-HEXADECENE, 127 3-METHYL-1- TECH., 92% BUTENE, 95% 103 1-OCTADECENE, 128 3,3-DIMETHYL-1- TECH., 90% BUTENE, 95% 104 1-NONADECENE, 129 3-METHYL-1- 97% PENTENE, 99% 105 1-EICOSENE, 130 4-METHYL-1- TECH., 90% PENTENE, 98% 106 1-DOCOSENE, 99% 131 4,4-DIMETHYL-1- 107 2-PENTENE, 99%, PENTENE, 99+% MIXTURE OF 132 3-METHYL-1- ISOMERS HEXENE, 99% 108 CIS-2-PENTENE, 133 2-METHYL-1- 98% BUTENE, 98% 109 TRANS-2-PENTENE, 134 2-ETHYL-1-BUTENE, 99% 98% 110 2-HEXENE, 97%, 135 2,3-DIMETHYL-1- MIXTURE OF CIS BUTENE, 97% AND TRANS 136 2,3,3-TRIMETHYL-1- 111 TRANS-2-HEXENE, BUTENE, 99+% 98+% 137 2-METHYL-1- 112 TRANS-3-HEXENE, PENTENE, 99+% 96% 138 2,4-DIMETHYL-1- 113 TRANS-2-HEPTENE, PENTENE, 97% 99% 139 2,4,4-TRIMETHYL-1- 114 CIS-3-HEPTENE, PENTENE, 99% 96% 140 1,1- 115 TRANS-3-HEPTENE, DINEOPENTYLETH 99% YLENE 116 CIS-2-OCTENE, 97% 141 2-METHYL-1- 117 TRANS-2-OCTENE, HEXENE, 96% 97% 142 2-ETHYL-1-HEXENE 118 TRANS-3-OCTENE, 143 2-METHYL-1- 98% HEPTENE, 99% 119 TRANS-4-OCTENE, 144 2-METHYL-1- 98% UNDECENE, 98% 120 TRANS-2-NONENE, 145 4-METHYL-2- 99% PENTENE 121 TRANS-3-NONENE, 146 CIS-4-METHYL-2- 99% PENTENE, 95% 122 4-NONENE, 98%, 147 TRANS-4,4- MIXTURE OF CIS DIMETHYL-2- AND TRANS PENTENE, 97% 123 TRANS-5-DECENE, 148 TRANS-1,2-DI- 99+% TERT- 124 TRANS-7- BUTYLETHYLENE, TETRADECENE, 99% 98% 149 2-METHYL-2- BUTENE, REDISTILLED, 99+% Aldrich Edition 2 FT-IR Condensed Phase Library, page 3 of 178 Index Number Compound Name Index Number Compound Name 150 2-METHYL-2- 173 2,4-HEXADIENE, PENTENE, 98% 99%, MIXTURE OF 151 3-METHYL-2- ISOMERS PENTENE, 99%, 174 CIS-2,TRANS-4- MIXTURE OF CIS HEXADIENE, 98% AND TRANS 175 TRANS-2,TRANS-4- 152 3-ETHYL-2- HEXADIENE, 99% PENTENE 176 2,5-DIMETHYL-2,4- 153 2,4-DIMETHYL-2- HEXADIENE, 99% PENTENE 177 1,3,5-HEXATRIENE, 154 2,4,4-TRIMETHYL-2- 97%, MIXTURE OF PENTENE, 99% ISOMERS 155 2-METHYL-2- 178 MYRCENE HEXENE 179 1,4-PENTADIENE, 156 2-METHYL-2- 99% HEPTENE, 98% 180 2-METHYL-1,4- 157 3,5-DIMETHYL-3- PENTADIENE, 99% HEPTENE 181 3-METHYL-1,4- 158 2,2,4,6,6- PENTADIENE, 99% PENTAMETHYL-3- 182 1,4-HEXADIENE, HEPTENE, 98% 99%, MIXTURE OF 159 2,3-DIMETHYL-2- CIS AND TRANS BUTENE, 99+% 183 1,5-HEXADIENE, 160 2,3-DIMETHYL-2- 97% PENTENE 184 2-METHYL-1,5- 161 2,3,4-TRIMETHYL-2- HEXADIENE, 99+% PENTENE, 98% 185 3-METHYL-1,5- 162 3-METHYL-1,2- HEXADIENE, 99% BUTADIENE, 98% 186 2,5-DIMETHYL-1,5- 163 TETRAMETHYLALL HEXADIENE, TECH., ENE, 97% 90% 164 ISOPRENE, 99% 187 1,5-HEPTADIENE, 165 2,3-DIMETHYL-1,3- 99+% BUTADIENE, 98% 188 1,6-HEPTADIENE, 166 PIPERYLENE, 99% TECH., 90%, 189 1,4-OCTADIENE MIXTURE OF 190 1,7-OCTADIENE, ISOMERS 98% 167 CIS-PIPERYLENE, 191 7-METHYL-1,6- 98% OCTADIENE, 98% 168 TRANS- 192 2,6-DIMETHYL- PIPERYLENE, 97% 2,CIS-6- 169 TRANS-2-METHYL- OCTADIENE, 99% 1,3-PENTADIENE, 193 1,8-NONADIENE, 97% 99% 170 3-METHYL-1,3- 194 1,9-DECADIENE, PENTADIENE, 99%, 98% MIXTURE OF CIS 195 1,13- AND TRANS TETRADECADIENE, 171 2,4-DIMETHYL-1,3- 90% PENTADIENE, 98+% 196 1,TRANS-4,9- 172 1,3-HEXADIENE, DECATRIENE 98%, 197 1,5,9-DECATRIENE, PREDOMINANTLY 97%, MIXTURE OF TRANS CIS AND TRANS Aldrich Edition 2 FT-IR Condensed Phase Library, page 4 of 178 Index Number Compound Name Index Number Compound Name 198 SQUALENE, 97% 219 1,3- 199 CYCLOPENTANE, DIMETHYLCYCLOH SPECTROPHOTOM EXANE, 99%, ETRIC GRADE MIXTURE OF CIS 200 CYCLOHEXANE, AND TRANS 99+%, A.C.S. 220 CIS-1,3- SPECTROPHOTOM DIMETHYLCYCLOH ETRIC GRADE EXANE, 99% 201 CYCLOHEPTANE, 221 1,4- 98% DIMETHYLCYCLOH 202 CYCLOOCTANE, EXANE, 99%, 99+% MIXTURE OF CIS 203 CYCLODECANE, AND TRANS 98% 222 CIS-1,4- 204 METHYLCYCLOPEN DIMETHYLCYCLOH TANE, 98% EXANE, 99% 205 ETHYLCYCLOPENT 223 1,2,4- ANE, 98% TRIMETHYLCYCLO 206 METHYLCYCLOHEX HEXANE, 99% ANE, 99% 224 1,3,5- 207 ETHYLCYCLOHEXA TRIISOPROPYLCYC NE, 99+% LOHEXANE, 98%, 208 PROPYLCYCLOHEX MIXTURE OF ANE, 99% ISOMERS 209 ISOPROPYLCYCLO 225 DICYCLOHEXYL, HEXANE, 99% 99% 210 BUTYLCYCLOHEXA 226 NORBORNANE, NE, 99+% 98% 211 TERT- 227 HEXAHYDROINDAN BUTYLCYCLOHEXA , 97% NE, 99+% 228 DECAHYDRONAPH 212 N- THALENE, 99%, AMYLCYCLOHEXAN MIXTURE OF CIS E AND TRANS 213 1- 229 CIS- CYCLOHEXYLHEXA DECAHYDRONAPH NE THALENE, 99% 214 1- 230 TRANS- CYCLOHEXYLHEPT DECAHYDRONAPH ANE THALENE, 99% 215 1,1- 231 PERHYDROFLUOR DIMETHYLCYCLOH ENE, 97% EXANE, 99% 232 TRICYCLO(5.2.1.02, 216 1,2- 6)DECANE, 98% DIMETHYLCYCLOH 233 ADAMANTANE, EXANE, 98%, 99+% MIXTURE OF CIS 234 1,3- AND TRANS DIMETHYLADAMAN 217 CIS-1,2- TANE, 99+% DIMETHYLCYCLOH 235 (+)- EXANE, 99% CYCLOSATIVENE, 218 TRANS-1,2- 99% DIMETHYLCYCLOH 236 QUADRICYCLANE, EXANE, 99% 99% Aldrich Edition 2 FT-IR Condensed Phase Library, page 5 of 178 Index Number Compound Name Index Number Compound Name 237 CONGRESSANE, 256 1,5- 98% CYCLODECADIENE, 238 CYCLOPENTENE, TECH., 90+% 99% MIXTURE OF CIS 239 CYCLOHEXENE, AND TRANS 99% 257 1,2,3,4- 240 CYCLOHEPTENE, TETRAMETHYL-1,3- 97% CYCLOPENTADIEN 241 CIS- E, CA.
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  • Characterization of a Second Secologanin Synthase Isoform

    Characterization of a Second Secologanin Synthase Isoform

    Dugé de Bernonville et al. BMC Genomics (2015) 16:619 DOI 10.1186/s12864-015-1678-y RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Characterization of a second secologanin synthase isoform producing both secologanin and secoxyloganin allows enhanced de novo assembly of a Catharanthus roseus transcriptome Thomas Dugé de Bernonville1†, Emilien Foureau1†, Claire Parage1†, Arnaud Lanoue1, Marc Clastre1, Monica Arias Londono1,2, Audrey Oudin1, Benjamin Houillé1, Nicolas Papon1, Sébastien Besseau1, Gaëlle Glévarec1, Lucia Atehortùa2, Nathalie Giglioli-Guivarc’h1, Benoit St-Pierre1, Vincenzo De Luca3, Sarah E. O’Connor4 and Vincent Courdavault1* Abstract Background: Transcriptome sequencing offers a great resource for the study of non-model plants such as Catharanthus roseus, which produces valuable monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs) via a complex biosynthetic pathway whose characterization is still undergoing. Transcriptome databases dedicated to this plant were recently developed by several consortia to uncover new biosynthetic genes. However, the identification of missing steps in MIA biosynthesis based on these large datasets may be limited by the erroneous assembly of close transcripts and isoforms, even with the multiple available transcriptomes. Results: Secologanin synthases (SLS) are P450 enzymes that catalyze an unusual ring-opening reaction of loganin in the biosynthesis of the MIA precursor secologanin. We report here the identification and characterization in C. roseus of a new isoform of SLS, SLS2, sharing 97 % nucleotide sequence identity with the previously characterized SLS1. We also discovered that both isoforms further oxidize secologanin into secoxyloganin. SLS2 had however a different expression profile, being the major isoform in aerial organs that constitute the main site of MIA accumulation. Unfortunately, we were unable to find a current C.
  • Divergent Camptothecin Biosynthetic Pathway in Ophiorrhiza Pumila

    Divergent Camptothecin Biosynthetic Pathway in Ophiorrhiza Pumila

    Yang et al. BMC Biology (2021) 19:122 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-021-01051-y RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Divergent camptothecin biosynthetic pathway in Ophiorrhiza pumila Mengquan Yang2†, Qiang Wang1,3†, Yining Liu2, Xiaolong Hao1, Can Wang1, Yuchen Liang2, Jianbo Chen3, Youli Xiao2ˆ and Guoyin Kai1* Abstract Background: The anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT), first isolated from Camptotheca acuminata, was subsequently discovered in unrelated plants, including Ophiorrhiza pumila. Unlike known monoterpene indole alkaloids, CPT in C. acuminata is biosynthesized via the key intermediate strictosidinic acid, but how O. pumila synthesizes CPT has not been determined. Results: In this study, we used nontargeted metabolite profiling to show that 3α-(S)-strictosidine and 3-(S), 21-(S)- strictosidinic acid coexist in O. pumila. After identifying the enzymes OpLAMT, OpSLS, and OpSTR as participants in CPT biosynthesis, we compared these enzymes to their homologues from two other representative CPT-producing plants, C. acuminata and Nothapodytes nimmoniana, to elucidate their phylogenetic relationship. Finally, using labelled intermediates to resolve the CPT biosynthesis pathway in O. pumila,weshowedthat3α-(S)-strictosidine, not 3-(S), 21- (S)-strictosidinic acid, is the exclusive intermediate in CPT biosynthesis. Conclusions: In our study, we found that O. pumila, another representative CPT-producing plant, exhibits metabolite diversity in its central intermediates consisting of both 3-(S), 21-(S)-strictosidinic acid and 3α-(S)-strictosidine and utilizes 3α-(S)-strictosidine as the exclusive intermediate in the CPT biosynthetic pathway, which differs from C. acuminata.Our results show that enzymes likely to be involved in CPT biosynthesis in O. pumila, C. acuminata,andN.
  • Croconate Salts. New Bond-Delocalized Dianions, &Q

    Croconate Salts. New Bond-Delocalized Dianions, &Q

    JOURNAL OF RESEARCH of the National Bureau of Standards Volume 85, No.2, March·April1980 Pseudo-Oxocarbons. Synthesis of 2, 1,3-Bis-, and 1, 2, 3-Tris (Dicyanomethylene) Croconate Salts. New Bond-Delocalized Dianions, "Croconate Violet" and "Croconate Blue"* Alexander J. Fatiadit National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C. 20234 October 24,1979 Synthesis and characteri zation of new bond·delocalized dianions, e.g., 2, 1,3·bis·, 1,2, 3·tris (di cyanomethyl. ene) croconate salts have been described. The dianions re ported represent a new class of aromati c, nonbenze· noid co mpounds, named pseudo·oxocarbons. A study of their physical, analytical and chemical properties offer a new direction in the chemistry of oxocarbons. Key words: Acid; aromatic; bond·delocalized; croco nic; diani on; malononitrile; nonbenzenoid; oxocarbon; salt; synthesis 1. Introduction molecular properties of the croconic salts (e.g. 2 , dipotas­ sium salt) were first seriously investigated when a symmetri­ The bright ye ll ow dipotassium croconate 1 and croconic cal, delocalized structure fo r the dianion 2 was proposed by acid (1 , K = H, 4,5-dihydroxy-4--cyclopentene-l,2,3-trione) Yamada et aJ. [3] in 1958. A few years later [4], the d i anion 2 were first isolated by Gmelin [1]' in 1825, from the black, ex· and the related deltate [5], squarate, rhodizonate, and plosive, side-reaction product (e.g. K6 C6 0 6 + KOC=COK), tetrahydroxyquinone anions were recognized by West et aJ. by the reaction of carbon with potassium hydroxide, in a [2,4] as members of a new class of aromatic oxocarbons pioneer, industrial attempt to manufacture potassium.
  • Novel Non-Aqueous Symmetric Redox Materials for Redox Flow Battery Energy Storage

    Novel Non-Aqueous Symmetric Redox Materials for Redox Flow Battery Energy Storage

    Novel Non-Aqueous Symmetric Redox Materials for Redox Flow Battery Energy Storage Craig G. Armstrong This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy January 2020 Department of Chemistry The search for ‘electrochemically promiscuous’ redox materials… - Craig Armstrong, 2017 ii Declaration This thesis has not been submitted in support of an application for another degree at this or any other university. It is the result of my own work and includes nothing that is the outcome of work done in collaboration except where specifically indicated. Many of the ideas in this thesis were the product of discussion with my supervisor Dr Kathryn E. Toghill. Dr Ross W. Hogue assisted in the acquisition of experimental results in chapters 4, 6 and 7. He is also credited for co-writing [3], of which Chapter 6 is based, and is a second author on [4]. Excerpts of this thesis have been published in the following academic publications [1–4]. [1] C.G. Armstrong, K.E. Toghill, Cobalt(II) complexes with azole-pyridine type ligands for non-aqueous redox-flow batteries: Tunable electrochemistry via structural modification, J. Power Sources. 349 (2017) 121–129. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.03.034. [2] C.G. Armstrong, K.E. Toghill, Stability of molecular radicals in organic non- aqueous redox flow batteries: A mini review, Electrochem. Commun. 91 (2018) 19–24. doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2018.04.017. [3] R. Hogue, C. Armstrong, K. Toghill, Dithiolene Complexes of First Row Transition Metals for Symmetric Non-Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries, ChemSusChem. (2019) 1–11. doi:10.1002/cssc.201901702.
  • [1,4]-Benzoquinone (DHBQ) Under Conditions of Chlorine Dioxide Pulp

    [1,4]-Benzoquinone (DHBQ) Under Conditions of Chlorine Dioxide Pulp

    Cellulose (2020) 27:3623–3649 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03014-y (0123456789().,-volV)( 0123456789().,-volV) ORIGINAL RESEARCH Degradation of the cellulosic key chromophore 2,5- dihydroxy-[1,4]-benzoquinone (DHBQ) under conditions of chlorine dioxide pulp bleaching: formation of rhodizonate as secondary chromophore—a combined experimental and theoretical study Matthias Guggenberger . Hubert Hettegger . Nele Sophie Zwirchmayr . Takashi Hosoya . Markus Bacher . Sara Zaccaron . Stefan Bo¨hmdorfer . Heidemarie Reiter . Martin Spitzbart . Thomas Dietz . Klaus Eibinger . Arnulf Kai Mahler . Heribert Winter . Thomas Ro¨der . Antje Potthast . Thomas Rosenau Received: 24 November 2019 / Accepted: 20 January 2020 / Published online: 10 February 2020 Ó The Author(s) 2020 Abstract 2,5-Dihydroxy-[1,4]-benzoquinone (DHBQ, stable and more potent as a chromophore than the 1) is the most prominent representative of cellulosic starting DHBQ, especially in the form of its salts. At key chromophores, which occur almost ubiquitously least a threefold ClO2 excess is needed for complete in all types of aged cellulosics. The degradation of DHBQ consumption. The reaction from DHBQ to DHBQ by chlorine dioxide under conditions of RhA involves pentahydroxybenzene (PHB, I)asan industrial pulp bleaching (‘‘D stage’’) was studied, intermediate which is either readily further oxidized to i.e. in moderately acidic medium (pH 3) at tempera- RhA by excess ClO2 or slowly reconverted to DHBQ tures between 50 and 90 °C. The degradation in the in the absence of ClO2. The RhA yield after 30 min presence of excess ClO2 generates rhodizonic acid reaction time had a maximum of 83% at a DHBQ/ (RhA, 5,6-dihydroxycyclohex-5-ene-1,2,3,4-tetrone, ClO2 molar ratio of 1:5, and decreased with increasing 2) as a secondary chromophore which is even more ClO2 charge, reaching 38% at a DHBQ/ClO2 ratio of M.