A Migration History –A Review
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Population Structure and Annual Migration Pattern of Steppe Eagles
Population Structure and Annual Migration Pattern of Steppe Eagles at Thoolakharka Watch Site, Nepal, 2012–2014 Author(s): Tulsi Ram Subedi, Robert DeCandido, Hem Sagar Baral, Surya Gurung, Sandesh Gurung, Chong Leong Puan and Shahrul Anuar Mohd Sah Source: Journal of Raptor Research, 51(2):165-171. Published By: The Raptor Research Foundation https://doi.org/10.3356/JRR-16-70.1 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.3356/JRR-16-70.1 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/ page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non- commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. SHORT COMMUNICATIONS J. Raptor Res. 51(2):165–171 Ó 2017 The Raptor Research Foundation, Inc. POPULATION STRUCTURE AND ANNUAL MIGRATION PATTERN OF STEPPE EAGLES AT THOOLAKHARKA WATCH SITE, NEPAL, 2012–2014 1 TULSI RAM SUBEDI Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies (CEMACS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia and Nepalese Ornithological Union (NOU), P.O. -
A Multi-Gene Phylogeny of Aquiline Eagles (Aves: Accipitriformes) Reveals Extensive Paraphyly at the Genus Level
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com MOLECULAR SCIENCE•NCE /W\/Q^DIRI DIRECT® PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION ELSEVIER Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35 (2005) 147-164 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A multi-gene phylogeny of aquiline eagles (Aves: Accipitriformes) reveals extensive paraphyly at the genus level Andreas J. Helbig'^*, Annett Kocum'^, Ingrid Seibold^, Michael J. Braun^ '^ Institute of Zoology, University of Greifswald, Vogelwarte Hiddensee, D-18565 Kloster, Germany Department of Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 4210 Silver Hill Rd., Suitland, MD 20746, USA Received 19 March 2004; revised 21 September 2004 Available online 24 December 2004 Abstract The phylogeny of the tribe Aquilini (eagles with fully feathered tarsi) was investigated using 4.2 kb of DNA sequence of one mito- chondrial (cyt b) and three nuclear loci (RAG-1 coding region, LDH intron 3, and adenylate-kinase intron 5). Phylogenetic signal was highly congruent and complementary between mtDNA and nuclear genes. In addition to single-nucleotide variation, shared deletions in nuclear introns supported one basal and two peripheral clades within the Aquilini. Monophyly of the Aquilini relative to other birds of prey was confirmed. However, all polytypic genera within the tribe, Spizaetus, Aquila, Hieraaetus, turned out to be non-monophyletic. Old World Spizaetus and Stephanoaetus together appear to be the sister group of the rest of the Aquilini. Spiza- stur melanoleucus and Oroaetus isidori axe nested among the New World Spizaetus species and should be merged with that genus. The Old World 'Spizaetus' species should be assigned to the genus Nisaetus (Hodgson, 1836). The sister species of the two spotted eagles (Aquila clanga and Aquila pomarina) is the African Long-crested Eagle (Lophaetus occipitalis). -
Reproduction and Behaviour of the Long-Legged Buzzard (.Buteo Rufinus) in North-Eastern Greece
© Deutschen Ornithologen-Gesellschaft und Partner; download www.do-g.de; www.zobodat.at Die Vogelwarte 39, 1998: 176-182 Reproduction and behaviour of the Long-legged Buzzard (.Buteo rufinus) in North-eastern Greece By Haralambos Alivizatos, Vassilis Goutner and Michael G. Karandinos Abstract: Alivizatos , H., V. Goutner & M. G. Karandinos (1998): Reproduction and behaviour of the Long- legged Buzzard ( Buteo rufinus) in North-eastern Greece. Vogelwarte 39: 176-182. The breeding biology of the Long-legged Buzzard ( Buteo rufinus) was studied in the Evros area, north-eastern Greece in 1989, 1990, 1992 and 1993. The mean number of young fledged per pair per year was similar between years with an overall average of 0.93 (1.58 per successful pair). Of ten home range variables examined, the num ber of alternative nest sites and the extent of forest free areas in home ranges were significant predictors of nest ling productivity. Aggressive interactions were observed with 18 bird species (of which 12 were raptors), most commonly with the Buzzard {Buteo buteo). Such interactions declined during the course of the season. Prey pro visioning to nestlings was greatest in the morning and late in the afternoon declining in the intermediate period. Key words: Buteo rufinus, reproduction, behaviour, Greece. Addresses: Zaliki 4, GR-115 24 Athens, Greece (H. A.); Department of Zoology, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, GR-54006, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece (V. G.); Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens 75 Iera Odos 1 1855 Athens, Greece (M. G. K.). 1. Introduction The Long-legged Buzzard (Buteo rufinus) is a little known raptor of Europe. -
Effect of Environmental Elements on Migration Pattern of Eagles at Jorbeer Conservation Reserve, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
Kataria et al RJLBPCS 2016 www.rjlbpcs.com Life Science Informatics Publications Original Research Article DOI - 10.26479/2016.0203.08 EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ELEMENTS ON MIGRATION PATTERN OF EAGLES AT JORBEER CONSERVATION RESERVE, BIKANER, RAJASTHAN, INDIA A.K. Kataria1*, N.Kataria2 and R.N.Kumawat3 1.Principal Investigator, Centre for excellence for use of space based technology in animal science, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner-334001, Rajasthan, India. 2.Professor & Head, Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Rajasthan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bikaner-334001, Rajasthan, India. 3. Deputy Forest Officer (Wildlife), Bikaner, Rajasthan ABSTRACT: The present endeavor was carried out to find out the effect of environmental elements on migration pattern of eagles at Jorbeer Conservation Reserve, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India (JCRBRI) during period from April 2015 to July 2016. The eagles studied were steppe eagle (Aquila nipalensis) and greater spotted eagle (Clanga clanga). The greater spotted eagle was seen only from November to February reiterating their winter migration to this reserve. Steppe eagle stayed at reserve during various months of the study year 2015 and 2016 when the THI values varied as 56.64-79.5. Recording of count of steppe eagle and greater spotted eagle besides real-time observation of environmental temperature and humidity signified in monitoring of eagle residence in the region. Result of the endeavor assisted in comprehending the absence of eagles in summer months during study periods. Residential period of steppe eagle was from November to April and of greater spotted eagle was from November to February only. -
Journal of Rese Arch in B Iolog Y
Journal of Research in Biology An International Scientific Research Journal Original Research Population density of Indian giant squirrel Ratufa indica centralis (Ryley, 1913) in Satpura National Park, Madhya Pradesh, India Authors: ABSTRACT: 1 Raju Lal Gurjar , 1* Amol .S. Kumbhar , Jyotirmay Jena1, 1 Information on population and distributional status of Indian giant squirrel Jaya Kumar Yogesh , Ratufa indica centralis is poorly known from central Indian hills. The species is Chittaranjan Dave1, endemic to India and widely distributed in Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats and Central Ramesh Pratap Singh2, India. In this study using line transect distance sampling we estimated population Ashok Mishra2. density of giant squirrel in Satpura Tiger Reserve (STR), which is a major biosphere Institution: reserve in central India that harbors wide variety of rare endemic and endangered 1. WWF - India, Nisha species. Density estimate with total effort of 276km line transect shows 5.5 (± 0.82) 2 Building, Near Forest squirrels/Km . This study provides first baseline information on ecological density Barrier, Katra, Mandla, estimate of Ratufa indica centralis in central Indian landscape. Reduction of Madhya Pradesh, India. anthropogenic pressure should be the first priority for park managers in Satpura Tiger reserve. 2. Field Director Office, Satpura Tiger Reserve, Hoshangabad, Madhya Pradesh, India. Corresponding author: Keywords: Amol S. Kumbhar Central Indian landscape, Distance sampling, density estimation, Ratufa indica centralis. Email Id: Article Citation: Raju Lal Gurjar, Amol S. Kumbhar, Jyotirmay Jena, Jaya Kumar Yogesh, Chittaranjan Dave, Ramesh Pratap Singh and Ashok Mishra. Population density of Indian giant squirrel Ratufa indica centralis (Ryley, 1913) in Journal of Research in Biology Research Journal of Satpura National Park, Madhya Pradesh, India. -
Birdingasia 23Cover
100 BirdingASIA 23 (2015): 100–101 NOTEBOOK Notes on the diet of the Black Eagle Ictinaetus malaiensis ZHU LEI, YANG XIAO-NONG, HAO GUANG, LIU TIAN-TIAN, DAI ZI-YUE & SUN YUE-HUA Introduction reappeared, one of them with what was clearly a The Black Eagle Ictinaetus malaiensis is a large large mammal dangling from its claws; it then flew diurnal raptor which inhabits mountain forests of due north before disappearing from view. Although tropical and subtropical Asia (Clark 1994). the observation only lasted about a minute, DZ-Y Although widespread in Asia, it is not well known obtained images (Plates 1 & 2) which enabled the and most of the relatively few studies have focused animal to be identified as a Red and White Giant on breeding biology (Zhu et al. 2014). Here we Flying Squirrel. The observation also suggests that present a note of our observations of the species at the pair might have engaged in cooperative hunting. Wawu Shan National Forestry Park (NFP), central Sichuan, China (29.650°N 102.933°E), including Notes on diet predation of a nocturnal Red and White Giant Flying Although the Black Eagle is widely described as Squirrel Petaurista alborufus, and review available feeding on rodents, snakes, lizards, pheasants and, information on the diet of the Black Eagle. particularly, eggs and nestlings of other birds (Ferguson-Lees & Christie 2001, Ali 2005, Robson Observations 2008) or regarded as a small mammal specialist On 29 April 2011 at 12h10 the authors in the course (Rasmussen & Anderton 2012), few studies have of their fieldwork were watching a pair of Black focused on its diet and feeding habits. -
Eastern Steppe of Mongolia 2 BEST of the WILD: Wildlife Conservation Society and the Eastern Steppe of Mongolia
BEST OF THE WILD: WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY and the EASTERN STEPPE of MONGOLIA 2 BEST OF THE WILD: WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY and the EASTERN STEPPE of MONGOLIA PHOTO CREDITS: (CLOCKWISE FROM TOP LEFT) COVER: K. OLSON; INSIDE COVER: WCS; PAGE 2: ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF BIRDS; PAGE 3: G. SCHALLER; MAP: O. LKHAMJAV & R. ROSE; PAGE 5: A. WINTERS (TOP); K. OLSON (2); PAGE 7: D. TUVSHINJARGAL (TOP), ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF BIRDS (2); PAGE 9: A. WINTERS; ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF BIRDS; A. WINTERS; T. MUELLER; PAGE 10: A. WINTERS; PAGE 11: A. FINE (TOP), A. WINTERS (2); PAGE 13: K. OLSON; A. WINTERS. WCS AND THE EASTERN STEPPE OF MONGOLIA With its vast open plains, rolling hills and pristine wetlands, Mongolia’s Eastern Steppe is one of Asia’s last grassland wildernesses. Great migratory herds of Mongolian gazelle roam here with grey wolves, Siberian marmots, eastern moose, red deer, roe deer, corsac foxes, Pallas’ cats, and Daurian hedgehogs, alongside six of the world’s 13 crane species, and nesting popu- lations of golden eagle, steppe eagle, saker falcon, Amur falcon, red-footed falcon, lesser kestrel, and black vulture. Globally important populations of whooper swan and swan goose grace its clear lakes, while six-foot taimen—a trout called “river wolf” by local people—swim its rivers. At 110,425 square miles—more than twice the size of New York State —most of the land on the Eastern Steppe is government-owned pasture used by the 200,000 nomadic Cover: A male gazelle poised herders living in small communities dotted across the landscape. -
Strategy of the Steppe Eagle Conservation in the Russian Federation
STRATEGY OF THE STEPPE EAGLE CONSERVATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION МОSCOW 2016 Strategy the Steppe Eagle Conservation in the Russian Federation. Moscow, 2016. 43 p. “Strategy of the Steppe Eagle Conservation in the Russian Federa- tion” was approved of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation. The strategy was developed by the Working Group consisting of I.V. Karyakin (Chairman of the Working Group), A.V. Kovalenko, A.N. Barashkova, I.E. Smelansky, E.G. Nikolenko. Preparing the Strategy the recommendations and proposals pro- vided by O.A. Goroshko, R.A. Medzidov, M.V. Pestov, V.N. Pimenov, A.V. Saltykov were taken into account. The Draft Strategy was approved by the participants of the interna- tional scientific-practical conference “The Eagles of the Palearctic: study and conservation” (Yelabuga, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, September 20–22, 2013). ISBN 978-5-9908314-2-1 © Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation, 2016 © The Russian Raptor Reasearch and Conservation Network, 2016 © “Sibecocenter” LLC, 2016 © UNDP, 2016 Images in the brochure were made by I.V. Karyakin, A.N. Barashkova, A.V. Kovalenko. The publication is distributed free of charge. Strategy of the Steppe Eagle Conservation in the Russia Federation INTRODUCTION The Steppe Eagle (Aquila nipalensis) was broadly distributed from the Lower Danube, Bessarabia and eastern Ukraine, to East China and until recently, its status did not cause concern. Now, there is a global contraction of the species’ breeding range and it is splitting into isolated peripheral populations. In the European part of Russia, the population size has declined by 92 % in 30 years: from 15,000–25,000 pairs in the 1990s, to 1200–1900 pairs now. -
Online First Article Diversity and Abundance of Avifauna of Manglot Wildlife Park, Nowshera District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Pakistan J. Zool., pp 1-8, 2021. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjz/20191101061139 Diversity and abundance of Avifauna of Manglot Wildlife Park, Nowshera District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Tariq Mahmood1*, Luqman Ullah Khan1 and Muhammad Naeem2 1Department of Wildlife Management, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan 2Department of Entomology, PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan ABSTRACT Article Information Received 01 November 2019 Comprising about 13% of the world avian diversity, Indian sub-continent has approximately more than Revised 03 February 2020 2060 species of birds. In Pakistan, there are more or less 660 bird species belonging to 23 orders and Accepted 20 February 2020 74 families. The abundance and diversity of avian species in a specific habitat can serve as a useful Available online 11 September 2020 measure of their ecological status. In response to land use changes, 20-25% of pre-agricultural birds Authors’ Contribution have vanished. In the current study, we documented diversity and abundance of the avifauna occurring TM and LUK designed and planned at Manglot Wildlife Park, District Nowhere, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan from September 2017 to the study. LUK collected the field data. July 2018. Data were collected fortnightly applying Point Count Method. Visits to the study area were TM wrote the manuscript. FA and MN made in the morning (6:30 am to 9:30 am) and in the evening (3:30 pm to 6:30 pm). Results showed a analyzed the data. total of 51 bird species belonging to 10 orders and 27 families inhabiting the study area, including both summer and winter visitors. -
Separation of Tawny Eagle from Steppe Eagle In
Notes Separation of Tawny Eagle from Steppe Eagle in Israel Tawny Eagle Aquik rapax generally looks smaller and rather puny (and also, when perched, less elongated/horizontal) compared with Steppe Eagle A. nipaknsis. Diagnostically, the North African race A. r. belisarius differs in all plumages from Steppe in being smaller, in having die creamy-white of the uppertail- coverts extending well up onto the upper back (on Steppe, usually restricted to uppertail-coverts, lacking on rump and only indistinct on lower back), in showing a conspicuous sandy wedge on the inner primaries below (generally indistinct or absent on Steppe) and, in juvenile/immature plumages, lacking Steppe's whitish underwing-band; the remiges and rectrices are usually finely barred or almost unbarred compared widi corresponding plumages of Steppe. The general coloration of Tawny's body and underwing-coverts is pale tawny or bufEsh-yellow to pale foxy/rufous (or dark greyish-brown, but this is virtu ally confined to more soumerly populations/races), contrasting highly widi the remiges and rectrices: more or less reminiscent of the underpart pattern of juvenile Imperial Eagle A. heliaca, but unstreaked. The mantle, scapulars and upperwing-coverts are also distincdy tawny-sandy, but with the feathers dark- centred (chiefly on greater coverts, tertials and lower scapulars). In good views, mainly when perched, Tawny normally shows a slighdy shorter gape line, ending level widi the centre of die eye (reaches rear edge on Steppe); die adult's iris is yellowish-brown (dark brown on Steppe). In flight, compared wim Steppe, Tawny has broad and short wings with ample 'hand', and shows a well-protruding head and a relatively short and more square-ended tail; in active flight, it is rather stiff-winged with more rapid wingbeats. -
Genetic Differentiation and Hybridization Between Greater and Lesser Spotted Eagles (Accipitriformes:Aquila Clanga, A
J Ornithol (2005) 146: 226–234 DOI 10.1007/s10336-005-0083-8 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Andreas J. Helbig Æ Ingrid Seibold Æ Annett Kocum Dorit Liebers Æ Jessica Irwin Æ Ugis Bergmanis Bernd U. Meyburg Æ Wolfgang Scheller Michael Stubbe Æ Staffan Bensch Genetic differentiation and hybridization between greater and lesser spotted eagles (Accipitriformes:Aquila clanga, A. pomarina) Received: 16 December 2004 / Revised: 14 February 2005 / Accepted: 15 February 2005 / Published online: 28 April 2005 Ó Dt. Ornithologen-Gesellschaft e.V. 2005 Abstract Greater and lesser spotted eagles (Aquila samples of individuals in which mtDNA haplotype and clanga, A. pomarina) are two closely related forest eagles phenotype agreed. This indicates that mismatched birds overlapping in breeding range in east-central Europe. In were either F1 or recent back-cross hybrids. Mitochon- recent years a number of mixed pairs have been ob- drial introgression was asymmetrical (no pomarina served, some of which fledged hybrid young. Here we haplotype found in clanga so far), which may be due to use mitochondrial (control region) DNA sequences and assortative mating by size. Gene flow of nuclear markers AFLP markers to estimate genetic differentiation and was estimated to be about ten times stronger than for possible gene flow between these species. In a sample of mtDNA, indicating a sex-bias in hybrid fertility in 83 individuals (61 pomarina,20clanga, 2 F1-hybrids) we accordance with Haldane’s rule. Hybridization between found 30 mitochondrial haplotypes which, in a phylo- the two species may be more frequent and may occur genetic network, formed two distinct clusters differing much further west than hitherto assumed. -
SOUTHERN INDIA and SRI LANKA
Sri Lanka Woodpigeon (all photos by D.Farrow unless otherwise stated) SOUTHERN INDIA and SRI LANKA (WITH ANDAMANS ISLANDS EXTENSION) 25 OCTOBER – 19 NOVEMBER 2016 LEADER: DAVE FARROW This years’ tour to Southern India and Sri Lanka was once again a very successful and enjoyable affair. A wonderful suite of endemics were seen, beginning with our extension to the Andaman Islands where we were able to find 20 of the 21 endemics, with Andaman Scops and Walden’s Scops Owls, Andaman and Hume’s Hawk Owls leading the way, Andaman Woodpigeon and Andaman Cuckoo Dove, good looks at 1 BirdQuest Tour Report: South India and Sri Lanka 2016 www.birdquest-tours.com Andaman Crake, plus all the others with the title ‘Andaman’ (with the exception of the Barn Owl) and a rich suite of other birds such as Ruddy Kingfisher, Oriental Pratincole, Long-toed Stint, Long-tailed Parakeets and Mangrove Whistler. In Southern India we birded our way from the Nilgiri Hills to the lowland forest of Kerala finding Painted and Jungle Bush Quail, Jungle Nightjar, White-naped and Heart-spotted Woodpeckers, Malabar Flameback, Malabar Trogons, Malabar Barbet, Blue-winged Parakeet, Grey-fronted Green Pigeons, Nilgiri Woodpigeon, Indian Pitta (with ten seen on the tour overall), Jerdon's Bushlarks, Malabar Larks, Malabar Woodshrike and Malabar Whistling Thrush, Black-headed Cuckooshrike, Black-and- Orange, Nilgiri, Brown-breasted and Rusty-tailed Flycatchers, Nilgiri and White-bellied Blue Robin, Black- chinned and Kerala Laughingthrushes, Dark-fronted Babblers, Indian Rufous Babblers, Western Crowned Warbler, Indian Yellow Tit, Indian Blackbird, Hill Swallow, Nilgiri Pipit, White-bellied Minivet, the scarce Yellow-throated and Grey-headed Bulbuls, Flame-throated and Yellow-browed Bulbuls, Nilgiri Flowerpecker, Loten's Sunbird, Black-throated Munias and the stunning endemic White-bellied Treepie.