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Ipomoea (Povijnice) Synonyma: Batatas, Calonyction, Mina, Pharbitis, Quamoclit

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Ipomoea (Povijnice) Synonyma: Batatas, Calonyction, Mina, Pharbitis, Quamoclit Ipomoea (Povijnice) synonyma: Batatas, Calonyction, Mina, Pharbitis, Quamoclit čeleď: Convolvulaceae Patří mezi popínavé nebo plazivé stálezelené nebo opadavé rostliny (raritně i keře či stromy). Listy jsou střídavé, celokrajné, laločnaté až dlanité (i peřenosečné). Květy se obvykle objevují v paždí listů anebo ve vrcholících, mohou být samostatné nebo až mnohočetné, kališní lístky jsou dvojí velikosti (vnější a vnitřní), vlastní květy má 5 tyčinek, semeníky mají 2 - 4 pouzdra se 4 - 6ti vajíčky. Plodem je tobolka se 2 - 6ti semeny. Je oblíbena pro velké barevné spektrum květů trubkovitého tvaru. Asi nejznámějším zástupcem povincijí jsou sladké brambory/batáty, latinsky I. batatas. Ipomoea abrupta oblasti: Austrálie, S Austrálie, SV Austrálie, Z Austrálie Patří mezi endemity západní, severní a severovýchodní Austrálie. Ipomoea abyssinica synonyma: Argyreia abyssinica, Convolvulus echioides Ipomoea acanthocarpa synonyma: Calonyction acanthocarpum Ipomoea aculeata oblasti: Asie, Austrálie, Čína, Filipíny, Indočína, Indonésie, Jáva, JV Asie, Malé Sundy, Malesie, Myanmar (Barma), Sumatra, SV Austrálie, Thajsko, V Asie, Velké Sundy Roste v jihovýchodní Asii. Existují vnitrodruhové taxony: - var. aculeata - Malé Sundy, Sumatra, Jáva; ovíjivé, dřevnatějící, holé až téměř holé, dlouhé 10 - 15cm, v uzlinách ztlustlé; listy mírně vejčité, celokrajné (i 3laločné), zašpičatělé, dlouhé 5 - 14cm, široké 3 - 10cm, báze srdčitá, žilnatinu tvoří 5 - 6 párů žilek, řapíky dlouhé 2,5 - 12cm; kvete v paždí listů samostatnými květy nebo v několika ks, stopky dlouhé do 1,5cm, vlastní květy se otevírají v noci, jsou bílé a nazelenalé, kališní lístky kožovité, stopky až kyjovité, dlouhé do 1,5cm, semeníky holé; plodem je vejčitá tobolka délky 1,5cm obsahující 4 ochlupená semena délky 6 - 8mm - var. mollissima/I. mollissima/I. mollissima var. glabrior/Calonyction mollissimum/Calonyction mollissimum var. glabrior/Calonyction yomae - Číny, Indonésie, Myanmar, Filipíny, Thajsko - ovíjivé, dřevnatějící; listy široce vejčité, celokrajné, vzlněné, zašpičatělé, dlouhé 5 - 14cm, široké 3 - 10cm, báze srdčitá a řapíky dlouhé 3 - 10cm; květy jsou bílé a nazelenalé, v průměru mají 8 - 10cm, kališní lístky dlouhé 1,2 - 1,8cm; plodem je vejčitá tobolka délky 1,5cm Ipomoea acutisepala Ipomoea adenioides synonyma: I. marlothii Ipomoea alba (Povijnice bílá) synonyma: Calonyction aculeatum, Calonyction aculeatum var. lobatum, Calonyction album, Calonyction bona-nox, Calonyction bona-nox var. lobatum, Calonyction pulcherrimum, Calonyction speciosum, Convolvulus aculeatus, Convolvulus aculeatus var. bona-nox, Convolvulus bona-nox, Convolvulus muricatum, Convolvulus pulcherrimus, Convolvulus speciosum, I. aculeata, I. aculeata f. bonanox, I. aculeata var. bona-nox, I. bona-nox, I. kirkii oblasti: Argentina, Florida, Havajské ostrovy, J Jižní Amerika, J Severní Amerika, J USA, Jižní Amerika, JV USA, Kansas, Karibik, Louisiana, Malta, Mexiko, Portoriko, S Argentina, Severní Amerika, Střední Amerika, Střední Severní Amerika, Střední středozemí, Střední USA, Středozemí, Texas, Tichý oceán, USA, V Argentina, Velké Antily Roste od severní Argentiny po Mexiko a Floridu a i jinde v tropech. Patří mezi popínavé dřevnatějící trvalky. Dorůstá délky 5 - 30m. Listy jsou celokrajné nebo 3laločné, ocasovité, dlouhé 5 - 15cm, široké 5 - 20cm, báze srdčitá a řapíky mohou být i velmi dlouhé. Kvete bílými nebo narůžovělými či nazelenalými květy o délce 9 - 15cm (trubka dlouhá 7,5 - 10cm), s průměrem 8 - 11 (i 14)cm, kališní lístky jsou 2 - 3ks a semeníky mají 2 pouzdra. Plodem je vejčitá tobolka délky 3cm obsahující max. 4 semena délky 1cm. Existuje vnitrodruhový taxon: - 'Giant White' - velké bílé květy Ipomoea albivenia synonyma: Convolvulus albivenius, I. gerrardii oblasti: Afrika, J Afrika, Jihoafrická Republika (JAR), JV Afrika, Mosambik, V Afrika, Zimbabwe Pochází z jižní Afriky, Mosambiku a Zimbabwe. Roste v podobě dřevnatějící popínavé rostliny. Dorůstá délky 10m. Listy jsou široce vejčité, dlouhé 3 - 13cm, široké 3 - 18cm, špičaté, na spodní straně plstnaté. Kvete bílými květy po několika ks s průměrem do 9cm. Plody jsou vejčité, dlouhé 1,6 - 2,2cm a v průměru mají 1,2 - 1,6cm. Ipomoea alexandrae Ipomoea alpina Ipomoea alterniflora Ipomoea altissima Ipomoea altoparanaensis Ipomoea amnicola synonyma: I. nuda oblasti: J USA, Missouri, Severní Amerika, Střední Severní Amerika, Střední USA, Texas, USA Ipomoea ampullacea Ipomoea ancisa Ipomoea androyensis Ipomoea angulata synonyma: I. squamisepala Ipomoea angustisepala Ipomoea anisomeres synonyma: I. anisomeres var. sagittiformis Ipomoea antonschmidii oblasti: Austrálie, SV Austrálie Ipomoea aprica Ipomoea aquatica (Čínský vodní špenát) synonyma: I. natans, I. repens, I. reptans, I. sagittaefolia, I. sagittifolia, I. subdentata oblasti: Asie, Florida, Havajské ostrovy, JV Asie, JV USA, JZ USA, Kalifornie, Karibik, Portoriko, Severní Amerika, Střední Amerika, Střední Severní Amerika, Tichý oceán, USA, V Asie, Velké Antily Pochází z jihovýchodní Asie. Dorůstá délky 2 - 3m nebo i více. Lodyha je dutá a plazivá. Dokáže zakořenit v každé z jejich uzlin. Listy jsou tvarově velmi variabilní. Pohybují se od kopinatých až po srdčité. Kvete bílými nebo namodralými trukovitými květy o průměru 3 - 5cm. Z rostliny se konzumují pouze mladé výhonky, případně i listy. Pro pěstování není nezbytně nutné, aby byly ve vodě. Vystačí si i se záhonem s půdou bohatou na živiny, ale musí mít pravidelnou bohatou zálivku. Množí se semeny nebo řízky vyhánějícími kořeny ve vodě. Ipomoea arachnosperma synonyma: Convolvulus pilosus, I. pilosa Ipomoea arborescens synonyma: Convolvulus arborescens oblasti: J Mexiko, J Severní Amerika, Mexiko, Severní Amerika, Z Mexiko Roste v Mexiku v podobě keře až stromu. Dorůstá výšky 4 - 6m. Borka je bělavá. Povrch je ochlupený. Listy jsou vejčité, špičaté, ochlupené, dlouhé 5 - 14cm a báze je srdčitá. Květenství je několikačetné s krátkými stopkami, vlastní květy jsou bílé, mají kališní lístky délky 0,8 - 1,2cm a koruna má délku 5cm. Plodem je vejčitá tobolka délky 2cm obsahující černá semena. Ipomoea arenaria synonyma: Exogonium arenarium Ipomoea argentea synonyma: Batatas villosa, I. comosa, I. villosa, I. villosa var. argentea Ipomoea argentifolia Ipomoea argentinica synonyma: Argyreia juramenti, I. juramenti, Murucoa juramenti Ipomoea argillicola oblasti: Austrálie, S Austrálie, SV Austrálie Ipomoea argyreia Ipomoea aristolochiaefolia oblasti: Jižní Amerika Pochází z Jižní Ameriky. Ipomoea aristolochiifolia synonyma: Convolvulus aristolochiifolius, I. austin-smithii, I. cardiophylla, I. concinna, I. cordata, I. peninsularis, I. tuerckheimii Ipomoea armentalis oblasti: Guatemala, J Severní Amerika, Mexiko, Severní Amerika, Střední Amerika Roste v Guatemale a Mexiku v podobě dřevnatějící popínavky. Kmínky jsou v mládí ochlupené. Listy jsou vejčité, špičaté, ochlupené, dlouhé 3 - 8cm, široké 1,5 - 4,5cm a báze je srdčitá. Kvete v paždí samostatnými nebo párovými květy na až 4cm ochlupené stopce, kališní lístky jsou kožovité, dlouhé 0,8 - 1,2cm a koruna je temně růžovofialová až modrá a dlouhá 5 - 6cm. Plodem je vejčitá tobolka délky 1,5 - 2cm obsahující černá ochlupená semena délky 9mm a šířky 4mm. Ipomoea arnoldsonii Ipomoea asarifolia synonyma: Convolvulus asarifolius, I. crassifolia, I. nymphaeifolia, I. pes-caprae var. heterosepala, I. urbica, I. urbica var. muricata oblasti: Florida, JV USA, Severní Amerika, Střední Severní Amerika, USA Ipomoea aspera synonyma: Calonyction aspera Ipomoea asplundii Ipomoea atherstonei Ipomoea aurantiaca Ipomoea avicola synonyma: Exogonium verruculosum Ipomoea bahiensis Ipomoea balioclada Ipomoea barbatisepala oblasti: Arizona, J USA, JZ USA, Nové Mexiko, Severní Amerika, Střední Severní Amerika, Texas, USA Ipomoea barleioides synonyma: Aniseia barlerioides Ipomoea barlerioides synonyma: Aniseia barlerioides Ipomoea batatas (Povijnice batátová) synonyma: Batatas edulis, Batatas edulis var. porphyrorhiza, Batatas wallii, Convolvulus apiculata, Convolvulus attenuatus, Convolvulus batatas, Convolvulus candicans, Convolvulus edulis, Convolvulus esculentus, Convolvulus varius, I. batatas f. trifida, I. batatas var. edulis, I. batatas var. lobata, I. batatas var. porphyrorhiza, I. davidsoniae, I. edulis, I. fastigiata, I. mucronata, I. purpusii, I. vulsa, I. wallii oblasti: Florida, Havajské ostrovy, J USA, Jižní Karolína, JV USA, Kansas, Karibik, Louisiana, Mississippi, New York, Pennsylvania, Portoriko, Severní Amerika, Severní Karolína, Střední Amerika, Střední Severní Amerika, Střední USA, SV USA, Texas, Tichý oceán, USA, Utah, V USA, Velké Antily, Virginie, Z USA Pochází zřejmě z tropů a subtropů Ameriky. Patří mezi plazivé levotočivé liány a trvalky. Při průmyslovém pěstování je ale jednoletkou. Samotná lodyha dokáže při styku s půdou znovu zakořenit. Pod zemí pak ukrývá nasládlou hlízu, která se používá podobně jako brambor. Pod jedinou rostlinou jich může mít 6 - 12. Stonek dorůstá délky 1 - 5m, dobře se větví a uzliny na lodyze mohou také zakořenit. Střídavé listy mají dlouhé řapíky a čepel nabývá různých tvarů od vejčitého po střelovitý či dlanitý s až 7mi laloky. Délka se pohybuje v rozmezí 4 - 15cm a šířka 3 - 11cm. Kvete růžovými nebo narůžovělými květy s tmavším středem ve tvaru trubkovém až nálevkovitém. Plodem je chlupatá tobolka vejčitého tvar o průměru 5 - 8mm a obsahuje 1 - 2 tmavá semena. Potřebuje dobře propustnou úrodnou půdu bohatou na živiny, plné slunce a chráněné místo. Na zimu hlízy ukliďte do bezmrazé místnosti do tmy a zasaďte je ven znova na jaře. Přes zimu se
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