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The News 9 No. 9 - AUGUST 2007 SPECIAL EDITION of H S S M G E INVITATION TO HOST THE 15TH EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON SOIL MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING (2011) IN ATHENS The Hellenic Society for Soil Mechanics & Geotechnical En- gineering (HSSMGE) has submitted an application to host the 15th European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geo- technical Engineering in 2011. The Hellenic Society hosted successfully in Athens an Inter- national Symposium on Hard Soils – Soft Rocks, in 1993, in collaboration with the French National Society and the 4th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical En- gineering in Thessaloniki this year. Members of our Society participated also in the organization of two International Conferences of IGS. Furthermore, HSSMGE has organized five national confer- ences on geotechnical & geoenvironmental engineering since 1988 in Athens and other cities of Greece. If there will be a positive response to our application, this will be the first time that a European Conference will be held in Greece. Location The Conference will be held in Athens, Greece. The venue will be the complex of the Athens Concert Hall (Megaron Moussikis) which comprises: ¾ Two theatre – style halls for 1,500 – 1,800 persons respec- continue in page 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Invitation to host the 15th European Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (2011) in Athens 1 PAPERS Interaction between stractural and geotechnical engineer, J. B. Burland 3 Greece’s Egnatia Highway Tunnels, E. Hoek, P. Marinos, N. Kazilis, G. Angistalis, N. Rahaniotis and V. Marinos 16 Mechanical behavior of a fine-grained soil reinforced with geotextiles, A. I. Droudakis and I. N. Markou 20 TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES OF GREECE 2007 PHD THESES’ ABSTRACTS Numerical Investigation of Structural Seismic Behavior Enhancement Utilizing Subsoil Interventions, E. Kirtas 27 Contribution to the determination of the three dimensional soi modelfor studying seismic response: Application to the Mygdonias sedimentary basin, M. Manakou 27 Engineering geological factors affecting the geotechnical parameters of intact rock – the influence of anisotropy, H. Saroglou 28 REVIEW OF GEOTECHNICAL EVENTS - The Complete Stochastic Deamplification Approach: An efficient tool to describe the spatial variability of earthquake motion 28 - Advanced Characterisation of Pavements and Soil Engineering Materials 29 th - 4 International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering 32 FORTHCOMING GEOTECHNICAL EVENTS 35 NEWS FROM THE WORLD 48 - Grand Canyon Skywalk 48 - Giant Crystal Secret Recipe Found 49 - Hanoi Official Disciplined 49 - Development of Island Paradise 49 - World's First Zero Carbon City 50 - Vietnam’s Bitexco Financial Tower Starts 50 - Zaha Hadid Unveils Opus 51 - Dubai - JXB’s first runway 70% complete 51 - Loetschberg Tunnel Opens 52 - Highway Threatens Algerian Park 53 - Rail Construction Scam Probed 53 - Ecological Tower for Siberia 53 - Road Cartel Fined SEK 461 million 54 - Burj Dubai Breaks Record 54 - Fatalities Rise in Bridge Collapse 55 NEW BOOKS ON GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING 56 ABOUT THE HELLENIC SOCIETY FOR SOIL MECHANICS AND GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING 63 THE NEWS OF HSSMGE – No. 9 - AUGUST 2007 Page 2 continued from page 1 ¾ Foundations, Excavations and Retaining Structures. ¾ Slope Stability and Protection. ¾ Fills, Embankments and Dams. ¾ Tunneling and Underground Works. ¾ Monuments and Geoenvironmental Issues. ¾ Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering Aspects. Possible Technical Committee Activity Integrated into the Conference Any Technical Committee meetings can be arranged in the framework of the Conference, upon request of the ISSMGE. At least four are anticipated, namely those of JTC6, JTC7, TC3 and TC4. Possible Technical Tours Possible technical visits can be arranged to the sites of the tively, for opening and closing ceremonies and main ses- following major projects anticipated to be in progress during sions. the Conference: ¾ Two theater - style halls for 380 and 450 persons respec- Athens Metro Extensions. tively, for parallel sessions. Athens Ring Road (Attiki Odos) Extension. Suburban Railway Extension. ¾ At least four rooms for 30 – 55 persons for Technical Korinth Canal Maintenance Works. Committee meetings. etc. ¾ Ample foyer space (more than 800 m²) for poster ses- Accommodation sions, technical exhibition, reception and secretariat. Plenty of three to five star hotels exist in Athens, particularly ¾ Auxiliary rooms. after the Olympic Games. A number of them are in walking distance from the Conference venue and a lot of others with easy access to it by means of buses, metro or private cars (a metro station and car park exist at the location of the Confer- ence buildings). Other Relevant Information The weather in September in the greater Athens area is that of “mild summer” (not very hot but still swimming is possible and pleasant). Date The date of the Conference will be in the middle of September There are also a lot of in-door and out-door cultural and social 2011. activities. Theme We hope for your support and to see you again in The proposed theme of the Conference is “Geotechnics of Hard Greece in September 2011. Soils – Weak Rocks”. Anticipated Registration Fees The Conference fee for participants will be 600 €, subject to possible adjustment if needed. Technical Content This will include indicatively: ¾ Geological Features, Investigation and Classification. ¾ Mechanical Properties and Behaviour. THE NEWS OF HSSMGE – No. 9 - AUGUST 2007 Page 3 the interactions between the Structural Engineer and the Geo- PAPERS technical Engineer. INTERACTION BETWEEN STRUCTURAL AND GEOTECH- The term modelling will be used extensively in this paper. It is NICAL ENGINEER intended to describe the process of idealising a full-scale pro- ject including the geometry, material properties and loading in Professor J. B. Burland, Imperial College London order to make it amenable to analysis and hence assessment of ‘fitness for purpose’. ABSTRACT STRUCTURAL MODELLING A structure, its foundations and the surrounding ground inter- act with each other whether or not the designers allow for this In 1994 the late Edmund Hambly, a most innovative structural interaction. In some situations the interaction can be mini- engineer who obtained his PhD in Soil Mechanics, published a mised by adopting very stiff foundation elements. In many little book Structural Analysis by Example. It was intended as situations this approach is too costly or it is not feasible, as in a handbook for undergraduates and professionals who like to the case of deep basements and cut-and-cover construction. use physical reasoning and off-the-shelf computer modelling Thus ground-structure interaction must usually be taken into to understand structural form and behaviour. Hambly gives account in design and this involves important interactions be- fifty examples of structural problems of increasing complexity tween specialist Structural and Geotechnical Engineers. During ranging from simple frames, through beams, columns and his career the Author has encountered profound philosophical slabs, to shear lag and torsion, and then on to whole struc- differences in approach between Structural and Geotechnical tures such as offshore platforms and spiral staircases. The Engineers often leading to a lack of understanding and difficul- book represents an admirable summary of the range of prob- ties in communication. This paper explores these differences in lems and types of analysis that a structural engineer will en- approach and the reasons for them. counter in day to day practice. It is interesting and important to note that almost all of the examples concentrate on the The term modelling is used extensively. It is defined as the calculation of forces and stresses. process of idealising a full-scale structure including its geome- try, material properties and loading in order to make it ame- As exercises in modelling, it is evident that the geometry of nable to analysis and hence assessment for fitness of purpose. the structures seem reasonably easy to idealise and rather It is demonstrated that traditional structural modelling is very simple material behaviour is usually assumed (linearly elastic different from geotechnical modelling. Superficially, structural with a limiting stress imposed). Figure 1 is taken from Ham- modelling appears to involves fewer idealisations for the ge- bly’s book and shows (a) a jackup offshore platform which ometry and material parameters than geotechnical modelling. consists of a deck structure supported on three legs standing In reality the idealisations in structural modelling hide huge on the sea bed in deep water, (b) a simple space frame model uncertainties. It is shown that Structural Engineers tend to for a preliminary global analysis, (c) a local model of part of a think in terms of force and stress whereas Geotechnical Engi- leg and (d) a detailed model of a joint for finite element analy- neers are often more concerned with deformation. The difficul- sis. The major idealisations in the modelling process seems to ties between the two approaches arise when elements of the be in the loading, although in the book they are specified as is structure and/or foundation reach their full strength, which is usually the case in codes of practice and standards. It is evi- frequently the case. dent that the process of structural modelling mainly consists in carrying out analysis – usually on the computer. In this paper extensive reference is made to Hambly’s