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Effects of Fire Frequency on Savanna Butterfly Diversity and Composition: a Preliminary Study
KOEDOE - African Protected Area Conservation and Science ISSN: (Online) 2071-0771, (Print) 0075-6458 Page 1 of 9 Original Research Effects of fire frequency on savanna butterfly diversity and composition: A preliminary study Authors: Fire plays a major role in many biomes, is widely used as a management tool and is likely to be 1,2 Elie Gaget affected by climate change. For effective conservation management, it is essential to understand Catherine L. Parr3,4,5 Clélia Sirami1,6,7 how fire regimes affect different taxa, yet responses of invertebrates are particularly poorly documented. We tested how different fire frequencies influence savanna butterfly diversity Affiliations: and composition by using a long-term savanna fire experiment initiated in 1954 in the Kruger 1 Centre d’Ecologie National Park (South Africa). We compared butterfly abundance, species richness and Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, Montpellier, France community composition across three fire frequencies: high (burnt annually), medium (burnt triennially) and low (burnt twice in 60 years). Plots with high fire frequency hosted higher 2Department of Biology, abundance than medium- or low-frequency plots. Fire frequencies did not affect species University of Turku, Turku, richness, but they led to distinct communities of butterflies. Our findings suggest that, in view Finland of the three fire frequencies tested, a spatial diversity of fire frequencies may increase butterfly diversity at the landscape level in wet savannas. Managers may need to promote a greater 3Department of Earth, Ocean and Ecological Sciences, School diversity of fire frequencies by increasing fire frequency in some areas to provide habitat for of Environmental Sciences, species requiring high fire frequency, and by decreasing fire frequency in a large proportion of University of Liverpool, the landscape to provide fire refuges. -
Phylogeny of the Aphnaeinae: Myrmecophilous African Butterflies
Systematic Entomology (2015), 40, 169–182 DOI: 10.1111/syen.12098 Phylogeny of the Aphnaeinae: myrmecophilous African butterflies with carnivorous and herbivorous life histories JOHN H. BOYLE1,2, ZOFIA A. KALISZEWSKA1,2, MARIANNE ESPELAND1,2,3, TAMARA R. SUDERMAN1,2, JAKE FLEMING2,4, ALAN HEATH5 andNAOMI E. PIERCE1,2 1Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A., 2Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, U.S.A., 3Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway, 4Department of Geography, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, U.S.A. and 5Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa Abstract. The Aphnaeinae (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) are a largely African subfamily of 278 described species that exhibit extraordinary life-history variation. The larvae of these butterflies typically form mutualistic associations with ants, and feed on awide variety of plants, including 23 families in 19 orders. However, at least one species in each of 9 of the 17 genera is aphytophagous, parasitically feeding on the eggs, brood or regurgitations of ants. This diversity in diet and type of symbiotic association makes the phylogenetic relations of the Aphnaeinae of particular interest. A phylogenetic hypothesis for the Aphnaeinae was inferred from 4.4 kb covering the mitochondrial marker COI and five nuclear markers (wg, H3, CAD, GAPDH and EF1) for each of 79 ingroup taxa representing 15 of the 17 currently recognized genera, as well as three outgroup taxa. Maximum Parsimony, Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference analyses all support Heath’s systematic revision of the clade based on morphological characters. -
African Butterfly News!
LATE WINTER EDITION: JULY / AUGUST AFRICAN 2017-4 THE BUTTERFLY LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY OF AFRICA NEWS LATEST NEWS Welcome to the Late Winter edition of African Butterfly News! African Butterfly News celebrates its first year of existence; the first edition, 2016-5, was circulated in September last year. The photographic competition commenced in August 2016, so the annual award will be made in the next, Spring Edition – for purposes of the photographic competition, the season starts in August and ends in July. A reminder that the newsletter is circulated every two months: Late Summer (January and February) – circulated in January Autumn (March and April) – circulated in March Early Winter (May and June) – circulated in May Late Winter (July and August) – circulated in July Spring (September and October) – circulated in September Early Summer (November and December) – circulated in November You will all be aware of the devastating fires that the southern Cape experienced in June. Dave and Hanna Edge, LepSoc Africa’s Treasurer and Membership Secretary respectively, were caught up in this drama, and had to evacuate their house (refer to Dave’s eyewitness account below). Fortunately, the building survived the fire, although the nearby Brenton Blue Reserve was incinerated. All fences, sign boards and marker-posts were destroyed – it is hoped that some larvae or pupae of the Brenton Blue (Orachrysops niobe) are still alive, safely underground. See a report under COREL under the “Projects” section. Some of you may have seen an article in the Sunday Times, by Aaron Hyman, a friend of Christopher Dobson. This magazine relies on material from you, the members of LepSoc Africa. -
Male Secondary Sexual Characters in Aphnaeinae Wings (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
Opusc. Zool. Budapest, 2017, 48(1): 27–34 Male secondary sexual characters in Aphnaeinae wings (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) 1 2 3 4 5 ZS. BÁLINT , A. HEATH , G. KATONA , K. KERTÉSZ & SZ. SÁFIÁN 1Zsolt Bálint, Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Baross u. 13, H-1088, Hungary. E-mail: [email protected] 2Alan Heath, Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa. E-mail: [email protected] 3Katona Gergely, Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Baross u. 13, -1088, Hungary. E-mail: [email protected] 4Krisztián Kertész, Nanostructures Department, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Sciences, Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, POB 49, H-1515 Hungary. E-mail: [email protected] 5Szabolcs Sáfián, Faculty of Forestry, University of West Hungary, Bajcsy-Zsilinszky u. 4, Sopron H-9400, Hungary. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Male secondary sexual characters have been discovered on the hindwing verso of genera Aphnaeus Hübner, [1819], Cigaritis Donzel, 1847, Lipaphnaeus Aurivillius, 1916 and Pseudaletis Druce, 1888 representing the Palaeotropical subfamily Aphnaeinae (Lycaenidae: Lepidoptera). Relevant wing parts are illustrated, described, and some observations on the organs are briefly annotated. With an appendix and 14 figures. Keywords. Androconia, hair tuft, classification, Palaeotropics, scaling. INTRODUCTION and Eliot 1990). However, Eliot did not indicate any male secondary sexual characters in this ne of the most characteristic features of Lepi- subfamily, nor did any of the previous or sub- O doptera is the scaled membranous wing sur- sequent workers (eg. Stempffer 1954, Heath 1997, face of the imagines. The scales covering the Libert 2013). -
Genus Erikssonia Trimen, 1891
AFROTROPICAL BUTTERFLIES 17th edition (2018). MARK C. WILLIAMS. http://www.lepsocafrica.org/?p=publications&s=atb Genus Erikssonia Trimen, 1891 Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1891: 91 (59-107). Type-species: Erikssonia acraeina Trimen, 1891, by monotypy. The genus Erikssonia belongs to the Family Lycaenidae Leach, 1815; Subfamily Aphnaeinae Distant, 1884. The other genera in the Subfamily Aphnaeinae in the Afrotropical Region are Phasis, Tylopaedia, Argyraspodes, Aloeides, Trimenia, Aphnaeus, Axiocerses, Zeritis, Crudaria, Cigaritis, Chloroselas, Cesa, Vansomerenia, Lipaphnaeus, Chrysoritis and Pseudaletis. Erikssonia (Coppers) is a purely Afrotropical genus containing four species. Generic review by G.A. & S.F. Henning, 2001 (Metamorphosis 12 (2): 69-78). Comprehensively reviewed by Gardiner & Terblanche, 2010 (African Entomology 18 (1): 171-191). *Erikssonia acraeina Trimen, 1891 Eriksson’s Copper Erikssonia acraeina Trimen, 1891. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1891: 92 (59-107). Erikssonia acraeina. Male. Left – upperside; right – underside. Kataba (16 04 09S; 25 05 19E), Western Province, Zambia. 10 April 2004. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection. Erikssonia acraeina. Female. Left – upperside; right – underside. Kataba (16 04 09S; 25 05 19E), Western Province, Zambia. 18 January 2004. Images M.C. Williams ex Gardiner Collection. Type locality: Angola: “Omrora; Okavango River; Otiembora”. 1 Distribution: Angola (south), Zambia. According to Henning & Henning (2001: 70) the three localities given in the original description of the species are in southern Angola, not in northern Namibia. Specific localities: Angola – Omrora; Okavango River; Otiembora (TL; Eriksson). Zambia – near Mongu (Cottrell, vide Heath et al., 2002); Kataba (images above). Habitat: The Mongu locality in Zambia is in Brachystegia woodland. -
Title Lorem Ipsum Dolor Sit Amet, Consectetur
Volume 23: 22–25 METAMORPHOSIS ISSN 1018–6490 (PRINT) LEPIDOPTERISTS’ SOCIETY OF AFRICA ISSN 2307–5031 (ONLINE) Description of a new species of Erikssonia Trimen, 1891 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) from the Democratic Republic of Congo Published online: 16 March 2013 Alan. J. Gardiner Southern African Wildlife College, Private Bag X3015, Hoedspruit 1380, South Africa. Email: [email protected] Copyright © Lepidopterists’ Society of Africa Abstract A fourth species of Erikssonia Trimen, 1891 from the Democratic Republic of Congo, E. bouyeri sp. nov., is added to the three species previously recognised in the genus: E. acraeina Trimen, 1891, E. cooksoni Druce, 1905, and E. edgei Gardiner & Terblanche 2010. A key to the species is provided. Key words: Erikssonia bouyeri, new species, systematics, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Aphnaeini. Citation: Gardiner, A.J. 2013. Description of a new species of Erikssonia Trimen, 1891 (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) from the Democratic Republic of Congo. Metamorphosis 23: 22–25. INTRODUCTION terminology used follows Gardiner and Terblanche (2010a). No genitalic dissections were The genus Erikssonia Trimen, 1891 was recently conducted. Measurements of forewing lengths revised by Gardiner and Terblanche (2010b). are from the apex, without the cilia to the base of They synonymised E. alaponoxa Henning & the costa. Measurements of the antenna are from Henning, 2001 with E. acraeina Trimen, 1891 the apex to the attachment to the head. (Zambia, Angola & DRC) and added an additional species E. edgei Gardiner & DESCRIPTION Terblanche, 2010 (South Africa). These two species, together with E. cooksoni Druce, 1905 Genus Erikssonia Trimen, 1891 (Zambia and DRC), were the only species known Type species: Erikssonia acraeina Trimen, by to the authors at the time. -
Male Secondary Sexual Characters in Aphnaeinae Wings (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
Opusc. Zool. Budapest, 2017, 48(1): 27–34 Male secondary sexual characters in Aphnaeinae wings (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) 1 2 3 4 5 ZS. BÁLINT , A. HEATH , G. KATONA , K. KERTÉSZ & SZ. SÁFIÁN 1Zsolt Bálint, Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Baross u. 13, H-1088, Hungary. E-mail: [email protected] 2Alan Heath, Iziko South African Museum, Cape Town, South Africa. E-mail: [email protected] 3Katona Gergely, Department of Zoology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Baross u. 13, -1088, Hungary. E-mail: [email protected] 4Krisztián Kertész, Nanostructures Department, Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Sciences, Centre for Energy Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, POB 49, H-1515 Hungary. E-mail: [email protected] 5Szabolcs Sáfián, Faculty of Forestry, University of West Hungary, Bajcsy-Zsilinszky u. 4, Sopron H-9400, Hungary. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract. Male secondary sexual characters have been discovered on the hindwing verso of genera Aphnaeus Hübner, [1819], Cigaritis Donzel, 1847, Lipaphnaeus Aurivillius, 1916 and Pseudaletis Druce, 1888 representing the Palaeotropical subfamily Aphnaeinae (Lycaenidae: Lepidoptera). Relevant wing parts are illustrated, described, and some observations on the organs are briefly annotated. With an appendix and 14 figures. Keywords. Androconia, hair tuft, classification, Palaeotropics, scaling. INTRODUCTION and Eliot 1990). However, Eliot did not indicate any male secondary sexual characters in this ne of the most characteristic features of Lepi- subfamily, nor did any of the previous or sub- O doptera is the scaled membranous wing sur- sequent workers (eg. Stempffer 1954, Heath 1997, face of the imagines. The scales covering the Libert 2013). -
203 Genus Durbania Trimen
AFROTROPICAL BUTTERFLIES. MARK C. WILLIAMS. http://www.lepsocafrica.org/?p=publications&s=atb Updated 10 February 2021 Genus Durbania Trimen, 1862 Rocksitters Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (3) 1: 400 (398-406). Type-species: Durbania amakosa Trimen, by monotypy. The genus Durbania belongs to the Family Lycaenidae Leach, 1815; Subfamily Poritiinae Doherty, 1886; Tribe Pentilini Aurivillius, 1914. The other genera in the Tribe Pentilini in the Afrotropical Region are Durbaniella, Durbaniopsis, Alaena, Ptelina, Pentila, Telipna, Ornipholidotos, Torbenia and Cooksonia. Durbania (Rocksitters) is a purely Afrotropical genus containing two species. *Durbania amakosa Trimen, 1862# Amakosa Rocksitter Amakosa Rocksitters (Durbania amakosa) on lichen-covered rocks. Images courtesy Allison Sharp (left) and Andre Coetzer (right). D’Urbania amakosa Trimen, 1862. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (3) 1: 401 (398-406). D’Urbania amakosa Trimen. Trimen, 1866a. D’Urbania amakosa Trimen, 1862. Trimen & Bowker, 1887b. Durbania amakoza Trimen. Swanepoel, 1953a. [Misspelling of species name] Durbania amakosa Trimen, 1862. Dickson & Kroon, 1978. Durbania amakosa Trimen, 1862. Pringle et al., 1994: 129. Durbania amakosa Trimen, 1862. d’Abrera, 2009: 626. Durbania amakosa amakosa. Male (Wingspan 31 mm). Left – upperside; right – underside. Gaika’s Kop, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. 1 January, 2002. M. Williams. Images M.C. Williams ex Williams Collection. 1 Durbania amakosa amakosa. Female (Wingspan 35 mm). Left – upperside; right – underside. Gaika’s Kop, Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. 1 January, 2002. M. Williams. Images M.C. Williams ex Williams Collection. Type locality: [South Africa]: “King William’s Town and Windvogelberg”. Distribution of Durbania amakosa Ssp. amakosa (red dots) – KwaZulu-Natal, Eastern Cape Province. -
Lycaenidae): Phylogeny, Ecology, and Conservation John Mathew Old Dominion University
Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations Biological Sciences Summer 2003 Aphytophagy in the Miletinae (Lycaenidae): Phylogeny, Ecology, and Conservation John Mathew Old Dominion University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds Part of the Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Entomology Commons, and the Genetics Commons Recommended Citation Mathew, John. "Aphytophagy in the Miletinae (Lycaenidae): Phylogeny, Ecology, and Conservation" (2003). Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), dissertation, Biological Sciences, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/v7rh-mb21 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/biology_etds/74 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. APHYTOPHAGY IN THE MILETINAE (LYCAENIDAE): PHYLOGENY, ECOLOGY, AND CONSERVATION by John Mathew B.Sc. June 1990, Madras Christian College M.Sc. June 1992, Madras Christian College M.Phil. May 1994, Madras University A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ECOLOGICAL SCIENCES OLD DOMINION UNIVERSITY August 2003 Approved by: Deborah A. Waller (Co-Director) »mi E. Pierce (Co-Director) H. Savitzky (Member) Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT APHYTOPHAGY IN THE MILETINAE (LYCAENIDAE): PHYTOGENY, ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION John Mathew Old Dominion University, 2003 Co-Directors of Advisory Committee: Dr. Deborah A. Waller Dr. Naomi E. Pierce Less than 1% of all Lepidoptera are aphytophagous; of these, a considerable proportion is found in the family Lycaenidae. -
BULLETIN of the ALLYN MUSEUM 3701 Bayshore Rd
BULLETIN OF THE ALLYN MUSEUM 3701 Bayshore Rd. Sarasota, Florida 33,580 Published By The Florida State Museum University of Florida Gainesville, Florida 32611 Number ... 61 16 April1981 Chorionic Sculpturing in Eggs of Lycaenidae. Part I. John C. Downey Biology Department, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, Iowa and Research Associate, Allyn Museum of Entomology and Arthur C. Allyn Director, Allyn Museum of Entomology It has long been thought that the egg stage of butterflies has both an actual and. a potential value in determining or understanding the phylogeny and evolution of members of the order (Scudder, 1889; Chapman, 1896a, 1896b). * Within the Ly caenidae, several works beginning with Doherty (1886) and as recent as Clark and Dickson's (1956, 1971) excellent research in South Africa, have indicated the taxonomic usefulness of the egg stage. Recently, more life history studies of particular lycaenid genera (Shields, 1973, 1974)+ or species (Nakamura, 1976; Downey and Allyn, 1979) have included scan electron photographs of the egg stage, and provided a new and detailed ultrastructu,ral view. Most of these studies presented only the photographs or descriptions, but did not attempt to analyze similarities or differences of the included eggs with others. In our own ultrastructural studies, we have become increasingly aware of the lack of comparative details in order to assess the importance of observed differences. With this in mind, it was decided to reassess the chorionic sculpturing of available lycaenid eggs by means of scan electron microscopy. As incomplete as such a survey might be, it might still provide a comparative basis against which descriptions of single species in the future might be evaluated. -
Uncovering Host-Microbiome Interactions In
F1000Research 2020, 9:1478 Last updated: 02 SEP 2021 SOFTWARE TOOL ARTICLE Uncovering host-microbiome interactions in global systems with collaborative programming: a novel approach integrating social and data sciences [version 1; peer review: 1 approved with reservations] Jenna Oberstaller1, Swamy Rakesh Adapa1, Guy W. Dayhoff II1, Justin Gibbons1, Thomas E. Keller1, Chang Li1, Jean Lim 1, Minh Pham 1, Anujit Sarkar1, Ravi Sharma1, Agaz H. Wani1, Andrea Vianello 1, Linh M. Duong1, Chenggi Wang1, Celine Grace F. Atkinson1, Madeleine Barrow1, Nathan W. Van Bibber1, Jan Dahrendorff1, David A. E. Dean1, Omkar Dokur1, Gloria C. Ferreira1, Mitchell Hastings1, Gregory S. Herbert 1, Khandaker Tasnim Huq1, Youngchul Kim1,2, Xiangyun Liao3, XiaoMing Liu1, Fahad Mansuri1, Lynn B. Martin1, Elizabeth M. Miller 1, Ojas Natarajan 1, Jinyong Pang1, Francesca Prieto1, Peter W. Radulovic1, Vyoma Sheth1, Matthew Sumpter 1, Desirae Sutherland1, Nisha Vijayakumar1, Rays H. Y. Jiang1 1University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA 2Moffit Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA 3Texas A&M, College Station, TX, USA v1 First published: 17 Dec 2020, 9:1478 Open Peer Review https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.26459.1 Latest published: 17 Dec 2020, 9:1478 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.26459.1 Reviewer Status Invited Reviewers Abstract Microbiome data are undergoing exponential growth powered by 1 rapid technological advancement. As the scope and depth of microbiome research increases, cross-disciplinary research is urgently version 1 needed for interpreting and harnessing the unprecedented data 17 Dec 2020 report output. However, conventional research settings pose challenges to much-needed interdisciplinary research efforts due to barriers in 1. -
Umsonti Private Nature Reserve
uMsonti Private Nature Reserve KwaZulu-Natal South Africa Protected Area Management Plan July 2018 Authorisation This Management Plan for uMsonti Private Nature Reserve is approved: TITLE NAME SIGNATURE AND DATE KwaZulu-Natal MEC: Mr Sihle Zikalala Economic Development, Tourism and Environmental Affairs Recommended TITLE NAME SIGNATURE AND DATE Chief Executive Officer: Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife Chairperson Biodiversity Conservation Operations Management Committee Chairperson People and Conservation Operations Committee Chairperson: Mr Rob Hoatson uMsonti Private Nature Prepared by Endangered Wildlife Trust Citation uMsonti Private Nature Reserve: Management Plan. Version 1.0, (2018) [Endangered Wildlife Trust]. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 Purpose of the plan ...................................................................................................... 7 1.2 Structure of the plan .................................................................................................... 7 1.3 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 9 1.4 The values of uMsonti Private Nature Reserve.......................................................... 10 1.4.1 Protection of the values ..................................................................................... 12 1.4.2 Ecosystem-based management ........................................................................