A CONSISE DICTIONARY OF THE WORDS IN THE HEBREW BIBLE; WITH THEIR RENDERINGS IN THE AUTHORIZED ENGLISH VERSION: BY JAMES STRONG, S.T.D., LL.D. PREFACE THIS work, although prepared as a companion to the Exhaustive Concordance, to which it is specially adapted is here paged and printed so that it can be bound separately, in the belief that a brief and simple Dictionary of the Biblical Hebrew and Chaldee will be useful to students and others, who do not care at all times to consult a more copious and elaborate Lexicon; and it will be particularly serviceable to many who are unable to turn conveniently and rapidly, amid the perplexities and details of foreign characters with which the pages of Gesenius and Furst bristle, to the fundamental and essential points of information that they are seeking. Even scholars will find here, not only all of a strictly verbal character which they most frequently want in ordinary consultation of a lexicon, but numerous original suggestions, relations, and distinctions, carefully made and clearly put, which are not unworthy of their attention, especially in the affinities of roots and the classification of meanings. The compact form and moderate cost of the book, it is hoped, will facilitate its use with all classes. The vocabulary is complete as to the ground-forms that actually occur in the biblical text (or Kethib), with the pointing that properly belongs to them. Their designation by numbers will especially aid those who are not very familiar with the original language, and the Anglicizing and pronunciation of the words will not come amiss to multitudes who have some acquaintance with it. The addition of the renderings in the common version will greatly contribute to fixing and extending the varied significations and applications of the Hebrew and Chaldee words, as well as to correcting their occasionally wrong translations. On this account, as well as for the sake of precision and to prevent repetition, the use of the same terms in the preceding definitions has been avoided wherever practicable. The design of the volume, being purely lexical, does not include grammatical, archaeological, or exegetical details, which would have swelled its size and encumbered its plan. By observing the subjoined directions, in the associated use of the Main and Comparative Concordances, the reader will have substantially a Concordance-Dictionary of both the Authorized and the Revised English Versions, as well as of the Hebrew Bible. Copyright. 1890. By JAMES STRONG, MADISON, NJ PLAN OF THE BOOK 1. All the original words are treated in their alphabetical Hebrew order, and are numbered regularly from the first to the last, each being known throughout by its appropriate number. This renders reference easy without recourse to the Hebrew characters 2. Immediately after each word is given its exact equivalent in English letters, according to the system of transliteration laid down in the scheme here following, which is substantially that adopted in the Common English Version, only more consistently and uniformly carried out; so that the word could be readily be turned back again into Hebrew from the form thus given it. 3. Next follows the precise pronunciation, according to the usual English mode of sounding syllables, so plainly indicated that none can fail to apprehend and apply it. The most approved sounds are adopted, as laid down in the annexed scheme of articulation, and in such a way that any good Hebraist would immediately recognize the word if so pronounce, notwithstanding the minor variations current among scholars in this respect. 4. Then ensues a tracing of the etymology, radical meaning, and applied signification of the word, justly but tersely analyzed and expressed, with any other important peculiarities in this regard. 5. In the case of proper names, the same method is pursued, and at this point the regular mode of Anglicizing it, after the general style of the Common English Version, is given, and a few words of explanation are added to identify it. 6. Finally (after the punctuation-mark :--) are given all the different renderings of the word in the Authorized English Version, arranged in the alphabetical order of the leading terms, and conveniently condensed according to the explanations given below. By searching out these various renderings in the MAIN CONCORDANCE, to which this dictionary is designed as a companion, and noting the passages to which the same number corresponding to that of any given Hebrew word is attached in the marginal column, the reader, whether acquainted with the original language or not, will obtain a complete Hebrew Concordance also, expressed in the words of the Common English Version. This is an advantage which no other Concordance or Lexicon affords. SIGNS EMPLOYED + (addition) denotes a rendering in the A.V. of one or more Heb. words in connection with the one under consideration. X (multiplication) denotes a rendering in the A.V. that results from an idiom peculiar to the Heb. o (degree), appended to a Heb.word, denotes a vowel-pointing correct from the text. (This mark is set in Heb. Bibles over syllables in which the vowels of the marg. Have been inserted instead of those properly belonging to the text.) ( ) (parenthesis), in the renderings from the A.V., denotes a word or syllable sometimes given in connection with the principle word to which it is annexed. [ ] (bracket), in the rendering from the A.V., denotes the inclusion of an additional word in the Heb. Itallics, at the end of a rendering from the A.V., denote an explanation of the variations from the usual form. Strong’s Hebrew SH1 1 'ab awb a primitive word; father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application):--chief, (fore-)father(-less), X patrimony, principal. Compare names in "Abi-". SH2 2 'ab ab (Aramaic) corresponding to 1:--father. see SH1 SH3 3 'eb abe from the same as 24; a green plant:--greenness, fruit. see SH24 SH4 4 'eb abe (Aramaic) corresponding to 3:--fruit. see SH3 SH5 5 'Abagtha' ab-ag-thaw' of foreign origin; Abagtha, a eunuch of Xerxes:--Abagtha. SH6 6 'abad aw-bad' a primitive root; properly, to wander away, i.e. lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy):--break, destroy(- uction), + not escape, fail, lose, (cause to, make) perish, spend, X and surely, take, be undone, X utterly, be void of, have no way to flee. SH7 7 'abad ab-ad' (Aramaic) corresponding to 6:--destroy, perish. see SH6 SH8 8 'obed o-bade' active of participle of 6; (concrete) wretched or (abstract) destructin:--perish. see SH6 SH9 9 'abedah ab-ay-daw' from 6; concrete, something lost; abstract, destruction, i.e. Hades:--lost. Compare 10. see SH6 see SH10 SH10 10 'abaddoh ab-ad-do' the same as 9, miswritten for 11; a perishing:-- destruction. see SH9 see SH11 SH11 11 'abaddown ab-ad-done' intensive from 6; abstract, a perishing; concrete, Hades:--destruction. see SH6 SH12 12 'abdan ab-dawn' from 6; a perishing:--destruction. see SH6 SH13 13 'obdan ob-dawn' from 6; a perishing:--destruction. see SH6 SH14 14 'abah aw-baw' a primitive root; to breathe after, i.e. (figuratively) to be acquiescent:--consent, rest content will, be willing. SH15 15 'abeh aw-beh' from 14; longing:--desire. see SH14 SH16 16 'ebeh ay-beh' from 14 (in the sense of bending toward); the papyrus:--swift. see SH14 SH17 17 'abowy ab-o'ee from 14 (in the sense of desiring); want:--sorrow. see SH14 SH18 18 'ebuwc ay-booce' from 75; a manger or stall:--crib. see SH75 SH19 19 'ibchah ib-khaw' from an unused root (apparently meaning to turn); brandishing of a sword:--point. SH20 20 'abattiyach ab-at-tee'-akh of uncertain derivation; a melon (only plural):--melon. SH21 21 'Abiy ab-ee' from 1; fatherly; Abi, Hezekiah's mother:--Abi. see SH1 SH22 22 'Abiy'el ab-ee-ale' from 1 and 410; father (i.e. possessor) of God; Abiel, the name of two Israelites:--Abiel. see SH1 see SH410 SH23 23 'Abiy'acaph ab-ee-aw-sawf' from 1 and 622; father of gathering (i.e. gatherer); Abiasaph, an Israelite:--Abiasaph. see SH1 see SH622 SH24 24 'abiyb aw-beeb' from an unused root (meaning to be tender); green, i.e. a young ear of grain; hence, the name of the month Abib or Nisan:--Abib, ear, green ears of corn (not maize). SH25 25 'Abiy Gib`own ab-ee' ghib-one' from 1 and 1391; father (i.e. founder) of Gibon; Abi-Gibon, perhaps an Israelite:--father of Gibeon. see SH1 see SH1391 SH26 26 'Abiygayil ab-ee-gah'-yil or shorter Abiygal {ab-ee-gal'}; from 1 and 1524; father (i.e. source) of joy; Abigail or Abigal, the name of two Israelitesses:--Abigal. see SH1 see SH1524 SH27 27 'Abiydan ab-ee-dawn' from 1 and 1777; father of judgment (i.e. judge); Abidan, an Israelite:--Abidan. see SH1 see SH1777 SH28 28 'Abiyda` ab-ee-daw' from 1 and 3045; father of knowledge (i.e. knowing); Abida, a son of Abraham by Keturah:--Abida, Abidah. see SH1 see SH3045 SH29 29 'Abiyah ab-ee-yaw' or prolonged Abiyahuw {ab-ee-yaw'-hoo}; from 1 and 3050; father (i.e. worshipper) of Jah; Abijah, the name of several Israelite men and two Israelitesses:--Abiah, Abijah. see SH1 see SH3050 SH30 30 'Abiyhuw' ab-ee-hoo' from 1 and 1931; father (i.e. worshipper) of Him (i.e. God); Abihu, a son of Aaron:--Abihu. see SH1 see SH1931 SH31 31 'Abiyhuwd ab-ee-hood' from 1 and 1935; father (i.e.