Murray Biodiversity Management Plan A guide to terrestrial biodiversity investment priorities in the central and eastern NSW Murray catchment Appendices

December 2012 © Murray Catchment Management Authority 2012

This document was prepared by officers of the Murray Catchment Management Authority and the Office of Environment and Heritage in good faith, exercising due care and attention. Neither Murray Catchment Management Authority, the Office of Environment and Heritage nor its officers or staff accept responsibility for inaccurate or incomplete information. There are limitations inherent in natural resource information, such as accuracy in relation to map scale. Readers should seek professional advice when applying this information to their specific circumstances.

Murray Catchment Management Authority and the Office of Environment and Heritage are pleased to allow this material to be reproduced in whole or in part for educational and non-commercial use, provided the meaning is unchanged and its source, publisher and authorship are acknowledged.

ISBN (print) 978-0-9807282-8-6 ISBN (electronic) 978-0-9807282-7-9

Title page images: Natasha Lappin

Editing and design by Biotext Pty Ltd, Canberra

ii New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Appendices

Appendix 1.1 NSW Murray Biodiversity Management Plan Steering Committee...... 1

Appendix 1.2 Conservation legislation and planning context...... 2

Appendix 2.1 Indigenous Nations in the NSW Murray Biodiversity Management Plan region...... 4

Appendix 2.2 Community biodiversity asset identification workshop: summary of methods and results...... 5

Appendix 2.3 Asset identification collation sheet...... 8

Appendix 2.4 Assets described at asset identification workshops...... 9

Appendix 2.5 Physical features of the NSW Murray catchment...... 23

Appendix 2.6 Key rivers in the NSW Murray catchment...... 25

Appendix 2.7 Mapping vegetation in the NSW Murray catchment...... 27

Appendix 2.8 Pre-clearing vegetation modelling...... 29

Appendix 2.9 Vegetation classification table...... 30

Appendix 2.10 Vegetation condition mapping and limitations...... 48

Appendix 2.11 Contemporary management boundaries...... 50

Appendix 3.1 Potential threats to biodiversity in the NSW Murray catchment...... 52

Appendix 3.2 Key threatening processes relevant to the NSW Murray catchment...... 56

Appendix 3.3 Matrix of key assets, assemblages and their key threatening processes and threats...... 58

Appendix 3.4 Approach to threat modelling...... 60

Appendix 3.5 Threats consequence maps...... 63

Appendix 3.6 Aggregation matrix: vegetation condition component weightings...... 72

Appendix 4.1 Other biodiversity planning strategies and processes relevant to the NSW Murray catchment...... 73

Appendix 4.2 The Biodiversity Forecasting Tool...... 84

Appendix 4.3 Flow chart of the Biodiversity Forecasting Tool process...... 85

Appendix 4.4 Graphical representation of the Biodiversity Forecasting Tool process to identify Active Management and Repair priorities...... 86

Appendix 4.5 The area and proportion of the NSW Murray catchment for each quartile of investment priorities for Active Management of remnant vegetation and investment priorities for Repair of native vegetation...... 90

Appendix 4.6 Maps of each vegetation formation showing investment priorities for Active Management of remnant vegetation and investment priorities for Repair of native vegetation...... 92

Appendix 5.1 NSW Priorities Action Statement (PAS2) threatened species management streams...... 100

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 iii Appendix 5.2 Threatened entities in the NSW Murray catchment (as of November 2012)...... 101

Appendix 5.3 Threatened species, populations and ecological communities of the NSW Murray catchment: actions included in the NSW Priorities Action Statement 1 and recovery plans...... 107

Appendix 5.4 Migratory bird species of the NSW Murray catchment listed under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cwlth) and international conventions and agreements...... 117

Appendix 5.5 Plants, animals, aquatic species and ecological communities identified as significant in community workshops...... 118

Appendix 5.6 Websites for information on species, populations and ecological communities...... 122

iv New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Appendix 1.1 NSW Murray Biodiversity Management Plan Steering Committee The New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan (the Murray BMP) was developed in conjunction with a steering committee representing a range of interests in the NSW Murray community. The committee first met in March 2010 at the beginning of the development of the Murray BMP. Membership of the steering committee was by invitation from the NSW Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH) and Murray Catchment Management Authority (Murray CMA). The committee helped develop, and ultimately endorsed, terms of reference to guide the project. The committee was chaired by an independent, paid facilitator. The steering committee comprised representatives from: • Australian Government (Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities) • Community (east and west) • Local government (Councillor and and Murray Regional Organisation of Councils) • OEH (BMP Project Manager) • National Parks & Wildlife Service (Ranger) • NSW Department of Trade and Investment (Fisheries) • Indigenous community • Livestock Health & Pest Authority • Nature Conservation Trust (Slopes to Summit initiative) • Murray CMA (Board Member – steering committee member and Board Member – observer) • Murray CMA (Program Manager).

The steering committee was tasked with ensuring that the Murray BMP was well-balanced and effective, developed with appropriate levels of community participation and engagement, and underpinned by sound scientific knowledge.

The key tasks of the committee were to contribute skills, knowledge and experience of the biophysical and socioeconomic aspects of biodiversity maintenance and improvement in the rural and urban landscapes of the NSW Murray catchment to the planning process. Additionally, committee members were required to raise awareness and encourage involvement among their constituents and other stakeholders of the Murray BMP process and its potential benefits to the community. The committee also contributed to, guided and endorsed the: • project plan • vision and objectives • communication and engagement strategy • results of the data audit • results of the expert panel • results of the threat analysis • results of the Biodiversity Forecasting Tool • release of the draft Murray BMP for public comment.

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 1 Appendix 1.2 Conservation legislation and planning context New South Wales (NSW) and Australian Government legislation that is relevant to the protection and management of biodiversity in the NSW Murray catchment includes: NSW Catchment Management Authorities Act 2003

Crown Lands Act 1989

Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979

Local Government Act 1993

National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974

Native Vegetation Act 2003

Natural Resources Commission Act 2003

Nature Conservation Trust Act 2001

Noxious Weeds Act 1993

Rural Fires Act 1997

Rural Fires and Environmental Assessment Legislation Amendment Act 2002

Rural Lands Protection Act 1998

Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995

Water Management Act 2000

Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

Interaction with other documents A number of existing strategies, policies and plans that cover various levels of jurisdiction and spatial scales have been considered in the development of the New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan (the Murray BMP). The Murray BMP does not replace these existing strategies and plans, but complements them by providing a regional or catchment context, which allows integrated implementation of biodiversity management actions at a catchment scale or finer. Importantly, the Murray BMP contributes to or provides information that will allow the meeting of targets outlined in the following key documents: • International Convention for Biological Diversity – Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011–2020 • Draft Murray Darling Basin Plan

2 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 • ’s Biodiversity Conservation Strategy 2010–2030 (2010) • National Biodiversity and Climate Change Action Plan 2004–2007 • Draft National Wildlife Corridors Plan • NSW 2021 • Murray CMA Catchment Action Plan • Murray Catchment Regional Weed Strategy • NSW Climate Impact Profile • NSW Threatened Species Priorities Action Statement • Australian Government recovery plans and threat abatement plans http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/recovery-list-common.html • NSW Government recovery plans and threat abatement plans http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/threatenedspecies/recoveryplans.htm • Draft Murray Regional Strategy.

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 3 Indigenous Nations in the NSW Murray Nations Indigenous Biodiversity Appendix 2.1 and and Aboriginal Nations Indigenous that location is approximate, Land Councils in the NSW Murray Note Nations of Indigenous catchment. boundaries not shown. are Management PlanManagement region

4 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Appendix 2.2 Community biodiversity asset identification workshop: summary of methods and results In June and July 2010, nine community consultation workshops were organised by Murray Catchment Management Authority (Murray CMA) to provide the catchment community with an opportunity to identify key catchment assets or areas of high value to the community. The Regional Development Company was appointed to facilitate the workshops, which were held in , Holbrook, , , , , , and . Blank maps at A0-scale were brought to each of the workshops for participants to mark the locations of the assets they identified as important. Participants were also asked to describe the value of the assets and their threats on a standardised survey form (Appendix 2.3).

The limitations to this process for use in the New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan (the Murray BMP) included the participants in the workshops—or more precisely, the non-participants. The workshops were also not specifically focused on terrestrial biodiversity assets and nominations included many riverine assets. The information garnered during the asset identification workshops provided valuable information to the Murray BMP. However, the limitations of this information also need to be recognised, as it was gathered from only a subsection of the broader Murray community. Therefore, the community biodiversity asset information needs to be used and analysed in conjunction with the other information presented in the Murray BMP.

A total of 154 community members participated in the nine workshops. The highest attendance rates occurred at Albury (more than 30 participants), and the lowest attendance rates at Tocumwal and Urana (both had fewer than 10 participants). Most participants described themselves as farmers or landholders. Urban residents also attended most workshops, except those in Holbrook and Jerilderie. All workshops included local government representatives, except for the one at Jerilderie (RDC 2010). Participants identified 249 assets in the NSW Murray catchment at these workshops. The nominated assets are described in Appendix 2.4.

Community workshop participants The information gathered at the community workshops was divided into the following categories: Community workshop location No. participants • rivers and creeks (18.4% of nominations) Albury 31 • wetlands (7% of nominations)

Corowa 12 • water resources (4.8% of nominations)

Deniliquin 19 • groundwater (0.8% of nominations) • significant species (8% of nominations) Holbrook 21 • native vegetation or habitat (47.2% of nominations) Jerilderie 21 • cultural assets (7.6% of nominations) Tocumwal 7 • soils (6% of nominations). Tooleybuc 17 Assets identified by community in Albury included Tumbarumba 20 Nail Can Hill for its ‘proximity to Albury city, natural vegetation areas, bush walks, seed bank, animal refuge’ Urana 6 and the rocky, granite outcrops near for their ‘natural refuge for ranges of wildlife, reptiles, birds etc.’ (Murray CMA asset identification workshops, Albury, 2011).

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 5 Assets identified by community in Deniliquin included the sandhill systems ‘ to and beyond’ for their ‘variety to landscape, good views from the top’ and ‘different vegetation type from adjacent flat lands’ (Murray CMA asset identification workshops, Deniliquin, 2011).

Aboriginal biodiversity asset identification workshops

Two Aboriginal consultation workshops were organised by Murray CMA in Albury and Deniliquin, to provide the Aboriginal community with an opportunity to identify key catchment assets or areas of high value to the community. Participants at these workshops identified 38 assets. The specific assets are included in Appendix 2.4. An overriding observation from the Aboriginal participants in the two workshops was that when asked to identify biodiversity assets they noted that they were inseparable from their cultural significance. The figures below illustrate how biodiversity assets were almost always described by Aboriginal participants as culturally significant in some way alongside the description of the actual asset. Ten of the 38 assets described during the Aboriginal workshops were nominated specifically for their cultural significance including traditional meeting places, former missions and a formal cemetery. The 28 remaining assets were identified for their cultural significance, but were also classifiable within an asset category. Assets that were able to be categorised alongside their cultural value were fairly evenly split between native vegetation/habitat, rivers/creeks, significant species and wetlands.

Description of the primary importance of assets Description of the associated importance of assets identified by Aboriginal participants identified by Aboriginal participants

6 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Expert panels and interviews about biodiversity assets To complement information collected at the Community and Aboriginal Biodiversity Assets workshops, Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH) and Murray CMA conducted three expert panels in December 2010. The first workshop was part of a Murray BMP Steering Committee meeting in Albury, where 10 committee members (landholders, local government, National Parks and Wildlife Service, NSW Fisheries) identified important biodiversity assets in their local area. Two expert panel workshops were then conducted in Albury and Deniliquin. A total of 31 participants from Murray CMA, OEH, Livestock Health and Pest Authority (LHPA), Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre, and a small number of professional consultants and retired experts attended the workshops.

Early in 2011, OEH and Murray CMA staff interviewed seven additional experts from Murray CMA, OEH, LHPA, two private consultants, and four staff from the Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre. Almost all of the ‘experts’ interviewed were also residents of the NSW Murray Catchment.

Participants in the expert panels and interviews identified 219 additional assets (see figure). The specific assets are included in Appendix 2.4.

Biodiversity assets (219 nominated by the expert panels) summarised by category

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 7 Appendix 2.3 Asset identification collation sheet

Murray Catchment Management Authority asset identification collation sheet Workshop location

Asset ID No:

Name of the asset

Location of the asset

Description of the asset

Reason for being an asset

Current condition

Spiritual significance/value

Community/social value

Environmental value

Economic value

Threats to the asset

Nominator—contact details and nation

Other

8 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Assets described at asset identificationworkshops Appendix 2.4 The information has and expertThe workshops map and associated table identify the assets collectedfollowing at both the community panels and interviews. privacy. been simplified to protect Assets described at identificationworkshops—mapped

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 9 Assets described at identification workshops—key to map

No. Biodiversity asset 1 Corowa Sewerage Treatment Works 2 Ettamogah Wildlife Sanctuary - sanctuary for a variety of animal and bird species 3 The Park TSR - White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Woodland 4 -Henty roadside - high native understorey diversity 5 Buckingbong State Forest - White Cypress Pine 6 Kentucky State Forest - White Cypress Pine 7 Turquoise Parrot habitat 8 Inland Carpet Python habitat - rocky outcrops, woodland 9 Brittas TSR - Inland Grey Box Woodland and White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Woodland 10 Inland Grey Box Woodland and White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Woodland 11 Oil Tree Lagoon - Cane Grass, Red Gum wetland 12 Galore Hill Scenic Reserve, Casuarinas, Glossy Black Cockatoos 13 Holbrook Common - White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Woodland 14 Balldale-Corowa Rd, (inc. Hopefield Route and Carsons Tank TSRs) - High quality roadside vegetation 15 Wangamong Creek crossing - Bush Stone-curlews, creekline vegetation provides connection to other vegetation 18 Mount McKenzie woodland bird underpass, Hume Hwy, bypass, critical for woodland bird movement 19 Sages TSR - White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland 20 Kings TSR - Grey Box Grassy Woodlands and Derived Native Grasslands of South-eastern Australia 21 10 Chain TSR - White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Woodland 22 Tynans TSR - White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland 23 9 Mile Hill TSR - White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Wdlnd and Derived Native Grassland 24 Fagan’s TSR - White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland 25 Walla Walla TSR - EEC White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Woodland 26 Comer TSR - EEC White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Woodland 27 Bush Stone-curlew habitat 28 Alpine Peatlands (Alpine Bogs) Endangered Ecological Community 29 Black Range - White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland, areas with good native understorey cover 31 Wildlife crossings, length of Hume Hwy - Squirrel Glider poles and bridges, woodland bird crossings 32 Leatherbarrel Creek- unregulated forest stream 33 Baileys TSR - White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland 35 Bells TSR - White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland 36 14 Mile TSR - White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland 37 Greskies TSR - White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland 38 Bakes TSR - White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland

10 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 No. Biodiversity asset 39 Mullengandra Nature Reserve White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and foothill vegetation. 40 Yambla Range and Table Top Mountain. Unique geology, intact vegetation, important wildlife habitat. 41 Werai Indigenous Protected Area 43 Diuris “Oaklands” (threatened orchid) population at Oaklands 44 Booroolong Frog habitat 46 Indi River - unregulated section of the 47 Vegetation links between Woomargama, Bogandyera, and Kosciuszko National Parks 49 Quatt Quatta lagoon - Nature Reserve 50 Everglades and riverine corridor to Corowa - Red Gum, wetlands, fish breeding 51 Diuris “Oaklands” (threatened orchid) population at Urana 52 Wetlands, White Cypress Pine, Sandhills, Grassy Box woodlands, cultural assets 53 Croppers Lagoon, wetland 54 Lonesome Pine State Forest - Cypress-Pine woodland, threatened bird and orchid species 55 White Box, Yellow Box, Blakely’s Red Gum woodland. Links with Mongabareena Reserve wetlands and Murray River 56 Thurgoona area Squirrel Glider population and habitat 57 Squirrel glider habitat upstream and downstream of 58 White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland on Woomargama slopes 59 Moira Lake wetlands 60 Native grassland remnants on hard red soils, Plains Wanderer habitat 61 Plains Wanderer habitat 63 Lake Cullivel and 64 Atriplex nummalaria (old Man Saltbush) shrubland 65 (River Red Gum) Wakool/Edward junction 66 Native Grassland, wetalnd and Boree Woodland 67 Native riverine grassland, chenopod shrubland and Boree woodland 68 Cotton Bush - Deniliquin-Barham Road 69 High conservation sandhill 70 Old Deniliquin Road and Barnes Road - High Conservation Value roadsides 71 Significant vegetation species 72 Mount Gwynne - Rocky outcrop, remnant sandhill vegetation 74 Mallee, Rosewood sandhill 75 Black Box woodland 76 Declining vegetation species in large remnants on Urana-Boree Creek Rd 77 Mallee woodland - Keraleigh north - most easterly example of high quality mallee woodland 78 Old Man Saltbush and Boree 79 Mairjimmy State Forest - remnant vegetation

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 11 No. Biodiversity asset 80 Eremophila maculata (Spotted Emu Bush) shrubland on floodplain clays 81 Edward-Wakool in-stream ecosystem 82 Thule Lakes Complex 83 Black Box Wodlands including Cooba 84 Cooba - 300-400 years old - rare tree, oldest Cooba in Murray catchment, maybe NSW? 85 Coree Road - diverse flora 86 Aratula Road - diverse flora, many species only found here 87 Coobool and Merran Creek system - Black Box floodplain - very good remnant vegetation and aquatic habitat 88 Alluvial sandhills with Buloke and Wilga sandhill vegetation 89 Old Man Saltbush, Black Box remnant 90 Sandhill, Yellow Box, Grey Box, Black Box - transitional woodland 91 Redlands Hill (State Forest) 92 Rocky outcrop remnant, uncommon sandhill vegetation species - e.g. Ploughshare Wattle 94 Extensive native grasslands, diverse species including Kangaroo Grass with occasional Boree 95 High quality, intact Callitris (diverse species) sandhill intergrading to Boree/ grasslands/ wetlands 96 Good mix of trees and shrubs 97 Riverina Hwy roadsides - wide road verges both sides, corridors and linkages 98 Thurrowa TSR - Weeping Myall Woodlands (Boree), River Red Gum and Native Willow (Cooba) 99 Weeping Myall Woodlands (Boree) and Thorny Saltbush 100 Old Man Saltbush and Weeping Myall Woodlands (Boree) 101 Woodland remnants in Savernake region - Superb Parrot habitat 102 Savernake- roadsides - good quality remnants 103 Pollack Swamp in Koondrook Pericoota State Forest 104 Squirrel Glider population 105 Canegrass swamps between Oaklands and Jerilderie, Brolga breeding habitat 106 Bali Hai TSR, Black Box depression and native grassland

107 Campbells Island State Forest - River Red Gum forest and woodland 108 Coobool Swamp and Murrang Creek, Black Box wetland, Red Gum, Lignum, cultural sites 109 Yarren Niemur floodplain 110 Reed beds in Millewa forest, Colonial Waterbird breeding 111 Wilga (single healthy old plant) - easternmost record of species 112 Weeping Myall Woodlands (Boree) 113 Inland River Red Gum - E. camaldulensis arida, isolated clumps north of Jerilderie 114 Acacia homalophylla (Yarran), unusual occurrence, small patch, very old 115 Eucalyptus leucoxylon woodland 116 Barnes Crossing TSR - Grasslands, rare and threatened species 117 Coonamit TSR - Black Box, River Red Gum, Sandhill veg communities

12 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 No. Biodiversity asset 118 Parlour Creek system - habitat for threatened and iconic species including platypus 119 Lake Tooim, Black Box, Red Gum, Lignum 120 Monomail-Wanganella TSR 120 Pretty Pine-Monomail TSR 120 Pretty Pine- TSR 120 Wanganella-Halfway TSR, Boree, Saltbush, Black Box and Superb parrot habitat 121 River Red Gum floodplain, Southern Bell Frog, Catfish. Eastern edge of Regent Parrot breeding range 122 Tullakool evaporation basins - significant birdlife 123 5 Mile Reserve TSR, Grey Box Woodland & River Red Gum 124 10 Mile Reserve TSR, Grey Box Woodland 125 Agnes Swamp, Wetland, Black Box, Lignum 126 Murray Pine 127 Black Box, canegrass, lignum, open wetland, water bird breeding 128 Lignum/Goosefoot wetland, Canegrass wetland important waterbird and frog breeding 129 Lake Uranagong 130 River, wetland, floodplain 131 Lockhart secondary road, roadside vegetation providing landscape linkages 132 Remnant Ironbark stand at Splitter’s Creek 133 Granite Hills Woodland - Python habitat and threatened species 134 Aprasia parapulchella (Pink-tailed Worm-lizard) habitat 135 Aprasia parapulchella (Pink-tailed Worm-lizard) habitat 136 Squirrel Glider habitat 137 Inland Carpet Python habitat - rocky outcrops, woodland 138 Inland Python habitat 139 Little Whip Snake habitat 140 Dargals - peat bog wetland 141 Pretty Plain - peat bog wetland 142 CoolPlain-Hell Hole - peat bog wetland 143 Ogilives Swamp - peat bog wetland 144 Tooma Swamp - peat bog wetland 145 Dairy Lagoon (west of golf club) 147 White cypress, Box woodland 150 Forest includes TSR, large remnant valuable habitat for many species, because of size 152 Ringwood State Forest, large remnant valuable habitat for many species 153 Wahgunyah State Forest, large remnant valuable habitat for many species 155 Roadside vegetation 156 Redgums located within Corowa township

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 13 No. Biodiversity asset 157 Urana Aquatic Centre, Lake, wetlands, fishing, skiing, canoeing, walking, passive recreation, birdlife 159 Urangeline Creek, passive recreation, birdlife, fishing 160 Widgieaire Wetlands, Brolga breeding grounds 161 Lake Urana Sandhill, Murray pine and Yellow Gums 162 Urana Shire loam and lighter soils 163 Brolga habitat - Lake Cullivel 163 Brolga habitat - near Urana 163 Brolga habitat - nth of Lake Urana 164 Colombo Creek 166 Lake Urana Nature Reserve, Native vegetation, wildlife, habitat, threatened flora 167 High conservation value roadside remnants throughout region (thematic) 169 Lake Urana 176 Boat Rock 178 Blowhole, cultural significance 179 Monarovale TSR, pine, box and wattle, and significant wetland area 182 Murray River channel 184 Tocumwal town beach 186 Nangunia Swamp, rare plants / fauna, granite rock outcrops 187 Native Dog Swamp, Brolga habitat 188 Private properties with Murray River frontage, environmental value 189 Tocumwal rail bridge, cultural 190 Millewa Forest 191 Berrigan Government tank paddock, heritage value, superb parrots, education site for community and schools 192 Historic hut - back Yarrawonga - Berrigan Rd 193 Natural springs - Bullatale Creek 194 Tocumwal Golf Club 195 Tocumwal pumps reserve, wombats, western grey kangaroos, black wallaby and numerous bird species 196 Spiny bitter pea - Boatroule Rd 197 Walking track Tocumwal to Barooga 199 200 White’s Lagoon 201 Tocumwal Creek river walk 202 Barooga Cowal, historical path of river 203 Murray River - native fish 204 Algudgerie Weir, historic 205 Gulpa Island, Moira, Millewa Forest complex 206 Red gum, black and grey box, wetland, sacred site

14 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 No. Biodiversity asset 207 209 Rhyola Wetlands, drought refuge / migratory birds 210 Sand hill system 211 Tuppal Creek and surrounds, good riparian vegetation and adjoining remnants 212 Werai, Moonyah lagoon and adjacent properties interconnected system of sand hills and flood ways, Red Gum, Black and Grey Box revegetation 213 The back roads trail 214 Wetland, endangered birds, Indigenous values 215 bends, fish survive in these holes 216 Wanganella Swamp, Colonial water bird breeding habitat in Cumbung wetlands 217 Shaws Creek below Wakool, water supply 218 Bullatale Creek, Threatened species, superb parrot, platypus, red gum community 219 Lower Thule Road, roadside vegetation 220 Natural wetland of black box trees and other natural vegetation, significant refuge for bird life including brolga 222 Buloke, casuarina, yellow box, Murray Pine, cultural sites, native grasses, bush stone-curlews 223 Small remnant, Rosewood, Pine, Yellow Box community 224 Forest Creek Road vegetation corridor including revegetation works 226 Island sanctuary, Nature walk, birds, kangaroos 227 Old river bed, billabong surrounded by River Red Gums and aboriginal middens 228 Edward / Wakool / Neimen system 229 Fenced sand hill, exceptional plant and bird diversity 231 Yellow, Grey and Black Box, White Cypress Pine 232 Koondrook Perricoota Forest, River Red Gums 233 Box Creek, drainage for whole area when in flood 234 Ring tree, old red gum, no longer living 235 Rare flora and fauna with lake surrounds a significant area and corridor for wildlife 236 Merran Creek,fish and native animals, lungs of Murray Darling Basin 236 237 Poon Boon lake system, habitat and water source for flora and fauna, waterbird breeding ground 238 Upstream of Murray/Wakool jn in Edwards & Wakool R 240 TSRs surrounding township, native vegetation, Box trees, Gum trees, shrubs etc. 241 Mallee scrub in near pristine condition 242 Mallee environment, Red Gum forest, Red Gum lagoon, richness of biodiversity, birds, reptiles, plants 243 Tooleybuc Cemetery, cultural site, White Cypress Pine 244 State Forest to Stony Crossing - Diverse landscape, relatively natural, large size, rare flora and fauna, riverine- arid complex 245 All roadside vegetation through 246 Tooleybuc roadsides Mallee, Hopbush, Carsia, rich with birds, reptiles, remnants of original flora

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 15 No. Biodiversity asset 247 Ephemeral lakes (salt and fresh), wetland complex, habitat for migratory birds 248 Biggest River Red Gum in Australia 249 Roadside vegetation, yellow flowering emu bush 250 Werai Forest 251 Moulamein Roadside 252 Catfish, cultural significance 253 Millewa Forest 254 Moira Lakes 255 Moira State Forest, Red Gum Forest, cultural significance 256 Gulpa Forest, cultural & environmental significance 257 Island Sanctuary 259 Chinamans Lagoon, fish, turtle, breeding area, cultural significance 260 Reach of river where Platypus are seen regularly 261 Moonacullah, historical and contemporary usage as burial site, significant Black Box stand, cultural significanc 262 Cummeragunja Mission, spiritual home, historical value, cultural significance 263 Maloga Mission, occupation site, high historical value to Yorta Yorta 264 Aboriginal owned and retained lands 265 Cummeragunja Cemetery, historical & contemporary burials 267 Area of occupation with native trees and grasses, cultural significance 268 North Deniliquin Forest, Scar trees, medical plants, Food plants, cultural significance 269 Junction Edward / Billabong, cultural significance 270 Junction Edward / Wakool, cultural significance 271 Moama - River Bank, cultural significance 272 Picnic Point, spiritual connection link to creation stories 273 Wallaby Colony 274 Gulpa Creek, cultural significance 275 Murray River (Dhungalla) 276 Pericoota and Koondrook Forest 277 Grey-box open woodland lots of scar trees 278 Twin Rivers, significant cultural meeting place 279 Mungabareena Reserve 280 Corowa Common and Moule Forest area, Red Gums 281 Ephemeral wetland 282 Camp Site, Canoe tree 283 284 Kyffins Reserve, white, yellow box and red gums, native grasses and reeds along edge of Lake Mulwala 286 Reserve, unusual granite formation, Kurrajong trees and native flora

16 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 No. Biodiversity asset 287 Noreuil Park, gum tree on river bend, cultural artefact 289 Gum Swamp 291 Wetland, Aboriginal owned 292 Nail Can Hill 294 300 Table Top Ranges 301 Ck, entire length 302 Billabong Ck, entire length 303 Jerilderie Lake, Tourism, bird life, water skiing club 304 Berrigan State Forest,White Cypress Pine, Yellow box, Grey box, wattles 305 Finns Rd, bird breeding, native trees, native grasses 306 Delta Ck, intermittent stream - black box in east (could be revegetated in west) 307 Isolated woodlands, could be enhanced by creating links between them 308 Anthony’s Lagoon, ancient lakebed, wetland, historically known for bird watching, brolgas 309 Palmer State Forest, Murray Pine 310 Turn back Jimmy Creek, flood runner between the Billabong and Yanko Creeks, could be a black box runner with fencing and tree planting 311 Green Swamp Road marshes, good light sandy soils 314 Wilson Anabranch, when watered there is abundant bird life, diversity of plant species, some huge old river red gums, quite a bit of branch fusion 315 Algunderie Creek backwater, Black Box, Bush Stone-curlews 316 Woorabinda Swamp wetland, native vegetation, wattles,Yellow Box, swans nest in wet, Bush Stone-curlews 317 Wetland, native salt bushes and shrubs have thrived during drought, has been direct seeded, has been fenced off 318 Logie Brae soils, diverse, productive, soil types 319 Hartwood TSR, Weeping Myall Woodland, Superb Parrots 320 Native Grasslands north of Billabong Creek 321 Wangamong Creek, an infrequently flowing creek, traverses landscape from Balldale to west of Jerilderie 323 Groundwater north of Yanco Creek, irrigation, stock and domestic supply 324 Pine paddock, slight grazing, tall native grasses and brolgas 325 Transitional soils, diversity of plants, especially trees - a seed bank for CMA (rare trees), native trees that are rare or not common in the area 326 Curlew nesting site, brolgas 327 Turn back Jimmy Creek, significant waterway in wet years 328 Finley Lake, town water supply, water skiing, recreation, walking, picnics 329 Brolga habitat and nesting site 330 Colombo Creek, regulated stream, fish 331 Partly wooded 332 Native vegetation, E. Mannifera, E. McChrorlyne on poor skeletal soil, high biodiversity, especially under storey plants

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 17 No. Biodiversity asset 333 Active erosion still occurring along the length of Spring Creek 333 Active erosion, along the length of Spring Creek 334 at Possum Point, excellent condition in certain area 335 Mannus Trig Hill, natural bush and wedge tail eagle nesting area 336 Mannus Ridge, dry woodland 337 Bells Creek, birdlife, landscape feature, water quality 338 Elliott Way, native vegetation and scenic ridgeline, tourism 339 Soil erosion feeding into Swampy Plains Creek 340 Naturalised pasture on basalt / granite 341 Young to old stand of Eucalypts and Greater Glider habitat 342 Tooma valley agricultural land 343 Magnificent example of a Eurabie colony on farm land 344 Swampy Plains river flats, valuable farm land 345 Evaporation Ponds revegetaion, 7 hectares of planting around edges of former gravel pits 346 Remnant river gums 347 Mannus Lake, has developed own ecology, significant recreation area as well 348 Narrow leaf peppermint grassy forest 349 Clumps of Snow Gums and eucalyptus trees, birdlife 350 Boggy Creek platypus and native fish and long necked small tortoise 351 4 hectares of fenced natural wet / dry wetland, bird habitat and breeding 354 Morgans Ridge, rocky granite / basalt vegetated ridges 355 Woomargama National Park, forested areas, well managed 356 Woomargama Common, White Box woodland remnant, squirrel glider habitat, wetland, connectivity to NP, creek system 357 Murray River Wetlands floodplain (thematic) 359 Murray River Catchment (thematic) 360 Diversity in Upper Murray, Tumbarumba Shire 362 Great water for stock, grazing and cropping, good shelter in paddocks and all creeks cleared 363 Granite Hills, White Box Woodland, native herbs, forbs 364 Lankeys Creek catchment, endemic flora and fauna 365 Old Tip/Police Paddock, small remnant of native regrowth 366 All roadsides across (thematic) 368 Wymah Reserve, important community gathering point 369 Upper Billabong Creek, Good water quality 370 Wetlands, important for amphibious and bird life, reptiles, insects 372 Ten Mile Creek Reserve - Ian Geddes Reserve, bushwalk area, significant native vegetation 373 Missing paper record, 1km nth China Wall

18 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 No. Biodiversity asset 374 Talmalmo TSR, open Red Gum grass land 376 Roadside vegetation with good remnant vegetation communities 377 Dights TSR, White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Woodland 378 China Wall, significant granite structure, unusual formation 380 Thugga Swamp, Heavily treed red gum (ex swamp), has been dry for 10-15 years 381 Hume weir foreshore, water supply, economic an social values 382 Superb parrot, Wymah resort 383 Lankeys Creek, platypus, Murray River cray and native fish, frogs 384 Jephcotts arboretum, historic significance 385 Gold Dust corner, significant habitat, vegetation, small creek, Echinacea, gliders, birds, red stringy bark, red gum, hovea, lilies, orchards, native grasses 386 Murray River (thematic) 388 Mungabareena Reserve & Eastern Hill, river side, billabongs, trees 390 Native vegetation including historic Moreton Bay fig tree, rocks 391 Roadside vegetation throughout CMA (thematic) 392 Budginigi Hill, connecting remnant vegetation, aesthetic value, tourist attraction 393 Albury City stormwater, increasing volumes of “run off ” water, including contaminants 394 Woolshed Creek, Likely presence of cultural sites, potential for a peri-urban population to appreciate and value an ecological asset 395 Regent Honey Eater, Thurgoona Area 396 Crown Land below Hume weir wall, remnant bush, birdlife study site; access to river for fishing 397 Rocky hill with trees established, 15-20 years ago, trees growing well, adjoining untreated areas bare and rocky and would benefit from revegetation 398 Unique geology, biodiversity weed lands, cultural significance 399 Lake Hume, water catchment, 400 Nail Can Hill, natural vegetation areas, bush walks, seed bank, animal refuge 401 Gateway Island (Victoria) 405 Oddies Creek, aesthetic importance, a natural environment within an urban area 406 Jindera Settling Ponds, Birdlife, diversity, good water quality 407 Light granite soils 408 Bowna Creek, aesthetics, water for stock 409 Browns Lagoon, aesthetic importance, a natural environment within an urban area 410 Soils throughout catchment (thematic) 412 Large dam with empherneal wetland (most years) 413 Biodiverse balance of hills and low lying plains. Hawdons lagoon (billabong) 414 University Campus - Thurgoona, 80 hectares,majority being rehabitated to natural ecosystems including wetlands and bird breeding sites 415 Barking Owl population

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 19 No. Biodiversity asset 416 National Environment Centre of Albury TAFE, 150 hectare developed for rural education, contains examples of ecologically stabilised use 417 Large area of original forest 418 Marsupial Mice 419 Wonga Wetlands, diversity of wetland species 420 Granity Rocky Outcrop, natural refuge for range of wildlife (reptiles, birds etc) 422 Wirramina - Burrumbuttock native garden, indigenous plants, natives that are suitable for garden planting, education, seed preparation 423 Maryan’s Lookout, granite-like outcrop with remnant vegetation and lookout 424 Walla Walla Swamp, natural, slight depression when wet, breeding ground for water birds 425 Lake Hume Foreshore at Hume Weir corner, mature native trees and grasses, habitat for birds and animals. 426 Ephemeral wetland, series of channels feeding flow other lagoons, wide system 427 Seasonal creek, refuge for wildlife, gliders etc 431 Creeping Saltbush with Ruby Flower 433 Brolgas 434 Old railway line turned into a tree corridor, wildlife and vegetation corridors, connectivity to Balldale State Forest 435 Jindera Gap, native vegetation and animals 436 Red Brown soils Boree Creek 436 Roadside vegetation East of Boree Creek, trees and wildlife corridors 437 Roadside vegetation Balldale Rd, overgrown, needs travelling stock 438 Rail reserve, high quality grassland, with high biodiversity 439 Murray River (thematic) (86) 440 Kyffins Reserve, Significant stand of white, yellow box and red gums plus native grasses and reeds along edge of Lake Mulwala 441 Wide, thick, good quality roadside corridor, wildlife and vegetation, habitat 442 Established roadside trees Riverina & Newell Hwys 443 Turtles 444 Rail reserve and adjacent roadside biodiversity, wide corridor, good diversity of species including locally rare species e.g. Pulter wasp 545 Blue Metal TSR, including significant roadside veg values 560 Burra TSR 569 Chinaman’s Gap TSR 587 DDC Paddock TSR 616 Glenellen TSR, White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland 643 Jindera TSR, White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland 688 Narrow Plains TSR 741 Tocumwal 3 Mile TSR, White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland 762 Whiteheads TSR

20 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 No. Biodiversity asset 901 Appletons TSR 902 Cooks TSR 903 Karara TSR 904 The Swamp TSR 907 Spotted-tail Quoll population 908 Rosenberg’s Goanna population 909 Rosenberg’s Goanna population 910 Rosenberg’s Goanna population 911 Powerful Owl local population 912 Spotted Tree Frog population 1001 , important fauna and flora 1008 Norman’s Lagoon, Peri urban wetland, Pygmy perch 1009 12 Mile TSR - White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland 1011 Alpine Lakes - Cootapatamba Lake 1011 Alpine Lakes - Lake Albina 2002 Canegrass wetland important waterbird and frog breeding 2003 Kyalite Mallee woodland, large area, parts in good condition, threatened woodland birds, reptiles 2004 Lake Talpile - important impounded section of Poon Boon lakes complex, waterbirds 2005 Tallys Lake - highly significant waterbird and frog site, Black Box, Red Gum 2006 Large area, good condition, incorporating largest stand of Grey Box in broader region, threatened woodland birds, river red gum, black box 2007 Large area, some in good condition, Carpet Pythons, threatened woodland birds 2008 Central hotspot of Jimaringle-Cockran creek system, large area, parts in good condition, Hooded Robins abound, Bush Stone-curlews regularly 2009 Very large area, important link between Merran Creek (and ultimately the Wakool River) and Campbell´s Island State Forest. Excellent woodland bird diversity including thr sp. like Hooded Robin 2010 Significant Buloke Woodland remnant in excellent condition (relatively large area: ~ 30ha), exceptional site for plant, bird and reptile diversity (e.g. supports only known population of Beaked Gecko in whole catchment) 2011 Extensive (hundreds of ha) remnant Old Man Saltbush, cottonbush etc. Shrublands in good condition. 2012 Although degraded, it covers a very large area, still supports good reptile and bird diversity (e.g. Woodland Blind Snake) and has enormous restoration potential. Very important cultural site. 2013 Very large area, parts in good condition, high plant, bird, reptile and mammal diversity incl. Threatened sp. (e.g. Speckled Warbler) 2014 Very large area, parts in good condition, high plant, bird, reptile and mammal diversity incl. Threatened sp. (e.g. Speckled Warbler) 2015 Very large area, parts in good condition, high plant, bird, reptile and mammal diversity incl. Threatened sp. (e.g. Speckled Warbler) 2016 Very large area, parts in good condition, high plant, bird, reptile and mammal diversity incl. Threatened sp. (e.g. Speckled Warbler) 2017 Relatively large and good condition White Box stand; very high plant diversity, Squirrel Glider, threatened woodland birds (e.g. Hooded Robin, Speckled Warbler)

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 21 No. Biodiversity asset 2018 Highly significant waterbird site (e.g. migrant shorebirds, Magpie Goose, has supported 200 Blue-billed Ducks, Freckled Duck 2019 Important waterbird/ canegrass sites e.g. Painted Snipe, Australasian Bittern 2020 Brookong State Forest and adjacent remnant vegetation, large remnant in heavily cleared landscape, parts in excellent condition, threatened woodland birds 2021 Allan Carroll Flora and Fauna Reserve and adjacent remnant vegetation, relatively large, rare vegetation type, excellent condition, threatened woodland birds, excellent reptile diversity 2022 Very large, Australasian Bittern, migrant shorebirds, important waterbird and frog breeding area (e.g. Brolga), supports thousands of waterfowl when flooded. 2023 Large area, some well managed and in good condition: migrant shorebirds, Brolga, important waterbird and frog breeding area, supports a thousand or more waterfowl, terns etc. when flooded. Probable Australasian Bittern. 2024 Large area, some well managed and in good condition: migrant shorebirds, Brolga, important waterbird and frog breeding area, supports a thousand or more waterfowl, terns etc. when flooded. Probable Australasian Bittern 2025 Lower Boree Creek floodplain wetlands - canegrass swamps. Very large area in total, some well managed and in excellent condition: Australasian Bittern, migrant shorebirds, important waterbird and frog breeding area (e.g. Brolga, min. four pairs), supports thousands of waterfowl, terns etc. when flooded 2026 Hills / Piney Ridge. Parts in excellent condition, very significant for woodland birds (e.g. Swift Parrot, Hooded Robin) 2027 Canegrass swamp, large, Brolga breeding site that supports good waterbird numbers and diversity when flooded. 2028 Relatively large, good woodland bird site (e.g. Swift Parrot, Hooded Robin) 2029 Canegrass swamp, very large, Australasian Bittern, migrant shorebirds, important waterbird and frog breeding area (e.g. Brolga), supports thousands of waterfowl when flooded 2030 Eleocharis / canegrass wetland - brolga breeding, good condition, Brolga breeding, migrant shorebirds 2050 Burra Flora and Fauna reserve, good diversity, linked across landscape 2051 to Tumbarumba Road reserve (Swampy Plain) Natural Temperate Grassland, Delma impar 2052 Khancoban to Tumbarumba Road reserve (Greg Greg) Natural Temperate Grassland 2053 Tumbarumba Cemetary, Grassy Woodland Eucalyptus rubida/ pauciflora woodland, Tablelands Frost Hollow Grassy Woodland 2054 Linden Roth Drive road reserve (The Glen) Natural Temperate Grassland, Delma impar 2055 Gum Swamp, Natural Grassland Wetland, Danthonia / Stipa grassland, Red Gum wetland, White Box-Yellow Box- Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland, Superb Parrot 2056 White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Native Grassland, Red box-stringybark forest, Woodland birds, Diamond Firetail, Brown Treecreeper 2057 Jerilderie Nature Reserve, Natural Temperate Grassland, Delma impar 3000 Good creekline habitat - Inland Grey Box 3001 Grey-crowned Babbler habitat

22 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Appendix 2.5 Physical features of the NSW Murray catchment

Geology The NSW Murray catchment forms part of the 300,000 square kilometre Murray Basin, which is bounded by the Great Dividing Range in the south and east, the Mount Lofty Ranges in the west and the low divide separating it from the Great Artesian Basin in the north.

This basin was formed some 60 to 40 million years ago (Cainozoic period) by the uplifting of the Australian Alps and the consequent subsidence of adjacent areas in the west, which were subsequently filled with sediments of both fluvial and marine origin. As a result, the basin is rimmed and underlain by highly deformed volcanic, granitic and metamorphic rocks of Palaeozoic age and filled by Tertiary and Quaternary sediments (MCMA 2006b).

Soils The diversity of soils in the Murray catchment reflect the large variation in climate, parent material and changing relief from the mountain ranges in the east of the catchment to the plains of the west. As elevation drops and climate changes from alpine to semi-arid, soils change from organic skeletal earths to duplex valley soils, alluvial fans (sands, silts, clays) and wind-blown dunes systems.

In the Southern Highlands, soils on steep slopes are stony and shallow, often forming scree slopes on the steeper mountain sides. Pockets of fertile volcanic soils (Ferrosols) occur on residual basalt caps around the Tumbarumba district and isolated areas of peats (Fibric Organosols) occur alongside small alpine wetland systems. In the more undulating country and the South West Slopes, soils are dominated by Red and Brown Chromosols (Duplex soils), with deep erodible Yellow Sodosols (Solodic soils) occurring along drainage lines. These soils are generally low to medium fertility and are prone to erosion. Siliceous sands occurring over much of the granitic country found east of the Hume Highway are generally acidic and prone to sheet and gully erosion.

Along the upper confined floodplains and terraces of the Murray and Billabong systems (around Holbrook and upstream of Albury), Fluvic Rudosols (Alluvial soils) and Yellow and Grey Mottled Sodosols (Solodic soils) occur. Further along the active mid to lower reaches of the Murray River and Billabong Creek floodplains, semi- consolidated layers of silt, sand and clay dominate the floodplains. These sediments are known collectively in the literature as the ‘Shepparton formation’.

In the western catchment, on the Riverine Plain, soil distribution is determined by a network of large abandoned palaeochannels (or ‘prior streams’). Prior stream soils vary from re-worked sand dunes (Arenic Rudosols) directly adjacent to the abandoned stream channels, to Red Sodic Chromosols (Red Brown Earths) on the meander plains and Grey and Brown Vertosols (Cracking Clays) on the back-plains. Overprinting of wind-blown clay (loessic parna) is also known to occur over much of the Riverine Plain.

Large inland ephemeral lake systems also occur sporadically across the western portion of the Murray catchment. The lake beds are infilled with lacustrine sediments (sands, silts, clays) and wave and wind action forms littoral sand dunes (lunettes) on the eastern lake-shore margins.

Further towards the catchment’s extreme western margin (Kyalite and west) a series of linear rolling sand dunes (the ‘Mallee’) occur, and are derived from aeolian (wind-blown) sands originating from marine littoral (shoreline) sediments and desert sands.

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 23 Climate The climate of the Murray catchment is cool temperate in the elevated east, while the west is semi-arid with high temperatures and evaporation rates exceeding rainfall. Summer daytime temperatures near the Snowy Mountains are mild to warm at 23 °C to 30 °C. The western areas have temperatures about 10 °C warmer than those of highland areas. January and February are the hottest months, the average daily minimum and maximum temperatures range from 16 °C to 32 °C in the Riverine Plain and 6 °C to 21 °C in the upper Murray. July is typically the coldest month, and the average temperatures range from 4 °C to 14 °C and –4 °C to 4 °C respectively. Frosts are common across the catchment (CSIRO 2007).

Rainfall in the catchment is winter/spring dominant and decreases from east to west. The highest rainfall occurs on the slopes of the Snowy Mountains, and above 800 metres elevation snowfall is common. Annual average rainfall ranges from 1600 mm in the Alps to 323 mm west of Moulamein (see Figure 2.3). Evaporation exceeds average rainfall in all but the easternmost part of the catchment, ranging from 750 mm in the east to 1250 mm around Albury and 1900 mm in the western portion of the catchment (MCMA 2006b).

24 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Appendix 2.6 Key rivers in the NSW Murray catchment

The Murray River The headwaters of the Murray River are in Kosciuszko National Park and consist of a number of fast-flowing, high-order streams, which drain into one of the upper Murray’s five main river systems. The south-eastern areas are drained by the Geehi, Swampy Plain and Indi rivers. These three rivers progressively converge and form the Murray River, at the junction of the Indi and Swampy Plain rivers. From here, the Murray flows in a northerly direction for approximately 15 kilometres before being met by the Tooma River, the only river system draining the steep north- eastern areas of the catchment’s headwaters.

Downstream of the Murray–Tooma junction, the Murray River turns west and progresses to through a confined valley, receiving only a small volume of tributary inflows from a number of low-order streams, which drain the gently sloping valley margins. While the Murray River above Hume Dam is not classified as regulated, its flows and the flows of some of its tributaries, such as the Tooma, Geehi and Swampy Plain rivers, are affected by storage and/or releases from the Snowy Mountains Hydro-Electric Scheme.

The Mitta Mitta River is a major Victorian tributary of the Murray River and the source of approximately 40 per cent of the Murray’s flow. Its headwaters include Victoria’s highest mountain, Mount Bogong. It joins the Murray east of Albury. The Mitta Mitta River’s flow is heavily modified by the Dartmouth Dam.

Below Hume Dam the Murray River is a highly regulated system. However, unregulated Victorian river systems, such as the Kiewa River upstream of Albury, contribute to significant natural flows during winter and spring along with the Ovens River at Lake Mulwala. The Goulburn, Campaspe and Loddon rivers are all major Victorian tributaries. Downstream of , the Murray continues its westerly path to meet the Murrumbidgee at the edge of the NSW Murray catchment.

The floodplain of the Murray River between Hume Dam and Lake Mulwala is relatively narrow, ranging in width from 1.5 to 5 kilometres. Downstream of Mulwala, near Tocumwal, the floodplain is generally 2–3 kilometres wide. As the river progresses downstream the width of the floodplain can be up to 25 kilometres wide (near the Edward River offtake) (MCMA 2006b).

The Cadell Fault and the Barmah–Millewa river red gum forests About 25,000 years ago, geological displacement occurred along the north–south running Cadell fault, lifting the eastern edge of the fault 8–12 metres above the floodplain. A section of the original Murray River channel on the raised downstream side of the fault was abandoned (now an empty/local drainage channel known as Green Gully). The Goulburn River was dammed by the southern end of the fault to create a natural lake.

The west-flowing water of the Murray River diverted to the north around the Cadell Fault, creating the Edward River channel and Tuppal Creek systems. When the natural dam on the Goulburn River failed, the Murray River started to flow through the smaller Goulburn River channel, creating the Barmah Choke and The Narrows (where the river channel is unusually narrow), before entering into the Murray River channel again. The water also flows into a fan of small streams and regularly floods a large amount of low-lying country in the area. With these ideal conditions, the Barmah–Millewa river red gum forests rapidly formed following displacement of the Cadell Fault.

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 25 The Barmah Choke and The Narrows mean the amount of water that can travel down this part of the Murray River is restricted. In times of flood and high-irrigation flows most of the water, in addition to flooding the red gum forests, actually travels through the Edward River channel.

The Edward–Wakool River System The Edward River starts at Picnic Point and flows north-west through Millewa forest before reaching Deniliquin. In major flood events the Edward River takes over half of the Murray flows that pass Tocumwal. Several high- level anabranches carry flood flows from the Murray to the Edward River. Tuppal and Bullatale creeks leave the Murray River near Tocumwal and join the Edward just south of Deniliquin. Gulpa Creek carries floodwaters and regulated flow north from the Murray and also joins the Edward south of Deniliquin. All of these streams, including the Edward River, have drop-board regulators at their offtakes to control inflows during peak supply periods. Downstream of Deniliquin the Edward River emerges onto a broad, flat floodplain. Between the Edward and Murray rivers, and fed from the Edward River, is an extensive network of high-level anabranches, the largest of these being the Wakool and Niemur rivers, but also including the Colligen, Yarrein and Merran Creek systems.

The Wakool River and Creek leave the Edward upstream of Stevens Weir. Flows in these waterways are joined further downstream by overflows from the Murray River via Thule, Barbers and Merran creeks. This system then flows virtually parallel to the Edward River for about 200 kilometres before merging at Kyalite.

Colligen Creek leaves the Edward River from the Stevens Weir pool and is the main water supply to the Wakool Irrigation District. A portion of its flood flows remain in the creek and pass through the Werai State Forest, while the remainder flows south-west into Cockran and Jimaringle creeks, which unite with the Niemur River further west. The Niemur eventually joins the Edward River above the Wakool River junction.

Through the Edward–Wakool River System the floodplain is generally around 1 kilometre wide. Downstream of the Murray and Wakool junction the floodplain is still broad, ranging from 5 to 12 kilometres wide (Purtle 2000; MCMA 2006b).

Billabong Creek This creek system drains some 13,940 square kilometres of the northern areas of the NSW Murray catchment. From its source east of Holbrook in the upper Murray it flows in a westerly direction. Billabong Creek is joined by the Colombo (upstream of Jerilderie) and Yanco (at ) creeks (effluent streams of the that are now regulated). It supplies a number of significant effluents including Forest Creek, Eight Mile Creek and Forest Creek Anabranch before flowing into the Edward River near Moulamein. The significant Wanganella Swamp receives water from the Billabong Creek via Forest Creek.

Billabong Creek downstream of the Colombo Creek junction, the full lengths of the Yanco and Colombo creeks, and the upper parts of Forest Creek all receive regulated flows year round (MCMA 2006b).

26 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Mapping vegetation in the NSW MurrayMapping vegetation catchment Appendix 2.7 types in the NSW Murray catchment Vegetation extent and clearance rates. See types, 2.9 for descriptions Appendix of vegetation

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 27 The vegetation mapping project undertaken by the then NSW Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water (Roff et al. 2010a,b) delivered a seamless native vegetation map of the Murray Catchment Management Authority (Murray CMA) area. The purpose of the mapping was to improve the quality of data available to users such as landholders, Murray CMA, the Office of Environment and Heritage (OEH), and other land management agencies.

The project sought to give spatial expression to the New South Wales Vegetation Classification and Assessment (NSWVCA) (Benson 2006, 2008). The NSWVCA is a textual database comprising detailed information about vegetation communities in NSW, both mapped and unmapped. Detailed descriptions of each NSWVCA class are provided in Roff et al. (2010a) and Benson (2006).

The mapping in the eastern part of the catchment was done by the then National Parks and Wildlife Service for the Southern Comprehensive Regional Assessment in 2000 (Thomas et al. 2000) and subsequently updated between 2000 and 2005 (Gellie 2005). The classification and mapping are well described in Gellie (2005).

Roff et al. (2010a,b) used on-ground surveys and feature recognition software in conjunction with existing mapping in the east of the catchment to produce the Murray catchment vegetation map. Previous survey data included Thomas et al. (2000), Eardley (1999), Horner et al. (2002), McNellie et al. (2004), Gellie (2005) and Benson (2006, 2008). The data can be accessed from the NSW Government – OEH spatial data catalogue and download site, http://mapdata.environment.nsw.gov.au/DDWA/ (Native Vegetation of the Murray Catchment Management Authority Area. VIS_ID 3808, VIS_ID 3809, VIS_ID 3810, VIS_ID 3811).

Roff et al. (2010a,b) mapped 38 per cent of the catchment as candidate native vegetation. 55 NSWVCA types (Benson 2006) were mapped in the west and 46 types were extracted from existing mapping (Gellie 2005) in the east. It was determined that 20 per cent of the area of the catchment comprises woody vegetation. A validation process determined the mapping is between 58 and 78 per cent correct (Roff et al. 2010a,b).

Roff et al. (2010a,b) commissioned 340 new full floristic survey sites and the results were combined with 900 existing survey site records to create training areas for spatial modelling. The mapping is available online at http:// mapdata.environment.nsw.gov.au/DDWA/. Use ‘Native Vegetation of the Murray Catchment Management Authority Area’ as the keyword search. See Roff et al. (2010a,b) and Appendixes 2.8–2.10 for further information on vegetation mapping in the catchment.

A pre-clearing vegetation layer was modelled in a separate process (M. Drielsma pers. comm. 2012), to determine the vegetation classes with the highest probability of occurrence at each cell before clearing. This model was specifically used for the development of the Biodiversity Forecasting Tool priority investment maps and is not suitable for other uses. The priority Active Management and Repair investment maps are discussed in detail in Chapter 4. This modelling and its limitations and assumptions are described further in Appendix 2.8 and the technical report for deriving priority investment areas for the NSW Biodiversity Strategy (OEH in prep.).

28 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Appendix 2.8 Pre-clearing vegetation modelling A spatial pre-clearing vegetation layer was specifically required for the Biodiversity Forecasting Tool (BFT) analysis to follow. As no such mapping was available for currently cleared areas at a finer resolution, the 250-metre resolution mapping undertaken as part of the NSW Biodiversity Strategy was used to fill gaps (OEH in prep.). Pre-clearing mapping is used within the BFT to provide an estimate of the original extent or original habitat area of each vegetation class.

The methodology for preparing the pre-clearing map is: 1. Production of a generalised dissimilarity model (GDM) using site by species data and a range of environment surfaces (predictors) (Ferrier et al. 2007). The GDM is a statistical technique for analysing spatial patterns of species compositional turnover across environmental gradients.

2. Vegetation classes were modelled from the GDM using training site data tagged with vegetation classes using a nearest neighbour approach (Glenn Manion pers. comm.). The model initially produces a probability stack of vegetation classes (i.e. the probability of finding each class across the region). For the Murray BMP a map of the highest probability class at each location before clearing was employed; that is, each cell may contain probability values across a number of classes but only the class with the highest probability at a particular cell is used.

Pre-clearing vegetation class mapping is used within the BFT to estimate the status of vegetation classes in their current distributions, taking into account extent, condition and fragmentation. Then the marginal biodiversity benefit of applying conservation effort across the region is calculated. This information was essential to the development of the BFT maps, but is not suitable for other purposes.

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 29 y y y y y y y n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by n/a 282 322 832 3280 5705 2177 5494 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected n/a 86% 60% 85% 83% 34% 57% 58% NSW Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a 35000 15000 30000 35000 70000 60000 100000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class VCA Common Name Common Name VCA River Red Gum-sedge dominated very Red Gum-sedge dominated River tall open wetland along in frequently flooded forest forest major rivers NSW and floodplains in south-western Red GumRiver herbaceous-grassy very tall open inner floodplains in the lower on wetland forest and the eastern of the NSW SWS slopes sub-region Riverina Bioregions Grass - herbaceous Warrego Red GumRiver - riparian mainly wetland tall open forest in the Riverina Bioregion Grass - Couch Grass Warrego Red GumRiver - riparian tall woodland of the semi-arid wetland (warm) climate zone (Riverina Darling and Murray Bioregions) Depression Red Gum grassRiver tall - wallaby woodland wetland Red Gum the outer River zoneon mainly in the Riverina Bioregion Red Gum woodlandRiver - Black of the Box wetland semi-arid (warm) climatic zone (mainly Riverina and Murray Darling Bioregions) Depression Red GumRiver - Lignum very or tall open forest woodland floodplains of semi-arid on (warm) wetland climate zone (mainly Riverina Darling and Murray Bioregions) Depression Tea-tree tall riparian shrubland, South Eastern tall riparian shrubland, Tea-tree South East Corner Bioregion Highlands Bioregion, Alps Bioregion and Australian Vegetation classification table Vegetation VCA No. 2 5 7 8 9 10 11 1271 Keith Class Inland Riverine Forests Eastern Riverine Forests Keith Formation Forested Forested Wetlands Appendix 2.9 Classification and Assessment Vegetation Wales in the NSW Murray 53 New vegetation catchmentvegetation type was mapped at The South scale: These types been on Keith have formations based classified into 11 vegetation types 2006 and 2010) 46 eastern types (Benson (Gellie 2005). (NSWVCA) structure and distinguished by groups essentially vegetation are broad Formations catchment-scale map. vegetation a consistent, to provide in order (2004), Murray Biodiversity Plan Management information. for more See and Section 2.5 Appendix 2.7 SouthWales in the New appearance.

30 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 y y y y y y y y y y y y y n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by 8 79 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 595 666 9791 1580 18790 17610 66230 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected 8% n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 23% 40% 60% 50% 34% NSW >100% >100% >100% Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 5000 7000 30000 10000 50000 35000 500000 1500000 1500000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class 11b SWS Riparian 11b SWS Grass/Sedge Forests Riverine 15c SWS Vegetation camaldulensis E. Riparian communities Red GumRiver Forest Slopes South West Riverine Forest Yarran shrubland of the NSW central to northern Yarran slopes and plains Bladder SaltbushBladder shrubland alluvial on plains in the semi-arid (warm) zone including Riverina Bioregion Old Man Saltbush shrubland mainly of the semi-arid (warm) climate zone NSW) (south western Bush) shrubland of the semi-aridDillon Bush (Nitre and arid zones Bush open shrublandCotton of the semi-arid (warm) zone open shrubland low of the Riverina Black Roly Poly and Murray-Darling Bioregions Depression Black Bluebush low open shrublandBlack Bluebush low of the alluvial plains and sandplains of the arid and semi-arid zones VCA Common Name Common Name VCA River Red Gum swampy woodland wetland on cowals woodland Red Gum cowals River on swampy wetland (lakes) and associated flood channels in central NSW River Red GumRiver shrub/grass riparian tall woodland or mainly wetland open forest in the upper slopes sub- Slopes bioregion Western of the NSW South region Southand western East Highlands Bioregion 77 157 159 163 164 216 153 VCA No. 249 79 North- Plainwest Shrublands Riverine Chenopod Shrublands Aeolian Aeolian Chenopod shrublands Keith Class Inland Riverine Forests (continued) Arid Shrublands (Acacia subformation) Arid Shrublands (chenopod subformation) Keith Formation Forested Forested Wetlands (continued)

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 31 y y y y y y y n n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by 6 0 0 0 70 22 n/a 915 360 4406 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected 8% n/a 12% 20% 30% 29% 27% 10% 25% 30% NSW Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a 800 8000 4000 1000 5000 1000 12000 300000 100000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class Western Plains Western Pine Box-Cypress Woodland VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Slender Cypress Pine - Sugarwood - Western Slender Pine Cypress - SugarwoodWestern - Rosewood open woodland sandy rises on mainly in the Riverina Darling and Murray Depression Bioregions Semi-arid - Slender shrubby Buloke Pine Cypress NSW far south-western woodland, tall open shrubland of the sandplains and Yarran plains of the semi-arid (warm) and arid climate zones White Pine Cypress open woodland of sand plains, and dunes mainlyprior streams of the semi-arid (warm) climate zone White Pine Cypress Sheoak - Drooping grassy open woodland of the Riverine Plain White - Box Cypress Pine grassy woodland on Yellow deep sandy-loam alluvial soils of the eastern Riverina NSW South-westernand western Slopes Bioregions Gum tall woodland River of the Murray Yellow Riverina Bioregion floodplain, Buloke - Moonah - Black Box open woodland - Black Box - Moonah on Buloke sandy rises of semi arid (warm) climate zone (mainly Riverina Darling and Murray Bioregions) Depression Cypress Pine woodland dunes of source-bordering mainly and Murrumbidgee the Murray on River floodplains VCA No. 21 22 23 28 48 75 86 20 19 Keith Class Riverine Sandhill Woodlands Keith Formation Semi-arid Woodlands (shrubby subformation)

32 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 y y y y n n n n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by 0 0 n/a 257 35117 20912 67193 31200 122383 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected n/a 50% 83% 86% 40% 40% 81% 50% 59% NSW Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a 1500 60000 30000 20000 800000 700000 1000000 1100000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European 10d SWS Acacia Acacia 10d SWS Shrubland Tall Gellie class Black Oak - Western Rosewood open woodland Western Black Oak - deep sandy loams mainlyon Darling in the Murray Bioregion Depression Dwyers Red Gum - Black Pine Cypress - Currawang woodlandshrubby low rocky hills mainly on in the NSW South-western Slopes Bioregion Currawang very tall shrubland siliceous rocky on Western ridges and cliffs mainly in the NSW South Slopes Bioregion Red Gum - Red -Tumbledown Mugga Ironbark - Black shallow Cypress Pine on Box open forest hills in the NSW South-western soils on stony Slopes Bioregion White Red Gum - Pine Cypress hill Tumbledown woodland in the southern part of the NSW South- Slopeswestern Bioregion Spinifex linear dune mallee mainly of the Murray- Darling Bioregion Depression VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Sandplain mallee of central NSW Chenopod sandplain mallee woodland/shrubland of the arid and semi-arid (warm) zones 58 186 317 318 319 171 VCA No. 173 170 Semi-arid Sand Plain Woodlands Inland Rocky Hill Woodlands Dune Mallee Woodlands Keith Class Sand Plain Mallee Woodlands Keith Formation Semi-arid Woodlands (shrubby subformation) (continued)

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 33 y y y y y n n n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by 61 135 963 833 4364 2466 3834 10465 25295 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected 25% 75% 40% 33% 95% 10% 50% 50% 43% NSW Estimated % remaining in remaining 400 8000 8000 20000 30000 500000 200000 350000 1600000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class Long-leaved - Black Cypress Pine Box granitic of the upper Murray shrubby open forest hillcrest NSW SW Slopes Bioregion region, Valley - Inland ScribblyMugga Ironbark Gum - Red Box shrub/grass hills in the upper slopes on open forest of the NSW South-western Slopessub-region Bioregion Red stringybark – box – long-leaved box – red scribbly gum tussock grass – shrub open forest low hills on in the southern part of the NSW SWS Bioregion woodland shrubby low sandstone on Box Norton’s escarpmentsand conglomerate in the far southern Slopes partWestern of the NSW South Broad-leaved SallyBroad-leaved woodland grass - sedge valley on flats and swamps in the NSW South-western Slopes Southand adjoining Eastern Highlands Bioregions Weeping Myall open woodland of the Riverina and Weeping Bioregions NSW SWS VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Black Box grassy open woodlandBlack Box of rarely wetland western NSW (mainly in south flooded depressions Riverina Darling and Murray Bioregions) Depression Black Box open woodlandBlack with chenopod Box wetland mainlyunderstorey the outer floodplains in south- on NSW (mainlywestern Riverina Darling and Murray Bioregions) Depression Black Box - Lignum woodlandBlack of the inner Box wetland floodplains in the semi-arid (warm) climate zone (mainly Riverina Darling and Murray Depression Bioregions) 288 289 290 293 285 26 VCA No. 16 15 13 Upper Riverina Dry Sclerophyll Forests Riverine Plain Woodlands Keith Class Inland Floodplain Woodlands Dry Sclerophyll Forests (shrub/grass subformation) Keith Formation Semi-arid Woodlands (grassy subformation)

34 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 n n n n n n n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by 213 210 357 2683 4787 6804 2814 14710 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected 62% 14% 50% 10% 60% 67% 60% 53% NSW Estimated % remaining in remaining 5000 5000 40000 10000 10000 12000 10000 15000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Apple Box - Norton’s Box - Blakely’s Red Gum - Blakely’s valley Box - Norton’s Box Apple flat moist grassy in the southern tall NSW open forest South-western Slopes South and adjoining East Highlands Bioregions SallyRiparian Red Gum Blakely’s - Broad-leaved woodland - bottlebrush - tea-tree - wattle shrubland of the NSW South-westernwetland Slopes and South East Highlands Bioregions Peppermint - Narrow-leaved Candlebark Box - Apple region Tumbarumba granite in the on tall open forest of the South East Highlands and upper NSW South- Slopeswestern Bioregions - Red Peppermint - Broad-leaved Box Apple Stringybark shrubby in the upper hill open forest NSW South-western and adjacent Slopes Bioregion South Eastern Highlands Bioregion hill heath Box - Red StringybarkRed Box - Norton’s region shrub - tussock of the grass open forest - Red Stringybark Box grassy tall open forest Norton’s - Murray Tumbarumba slopes in the sheltered on of the NSW South-western Slopes region River Bioregion Broad-leaved Peppermint - Norton’s Box - Red Box - Norton’s Peppermint Broad-leaved Stringybark clay red hills in on on tall open forest the southern part of the NSW South-western Slopes Bioregion Norton’s Box - Red Box - White - tussock - Red Box grass Box Box Norton’s of the NSW of the southern section open forest South-western Slopes Bioregion VCA No. 298 302 304 305 306 310 297 294 Keith Class Upper Riverina Dry Sclerophyll Forests (continued) Keith Formation Dry Sclerophyll Forests (shrub/grass subformation) (continued)

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 35 y y y n n n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by 7 70 n/a n/a n/a 300 502 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected n/a n/a n/a 50% 75% 60% 100% NSW Estimated % remaining in remaining 40 n/a n/a n/a 300 400 2000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class E.macrorrhyncha-E. dives-E.goniocalyx E.macro-E.dives-E. macul E.macrorrhyncha-E. polyanthemos-E. rossi VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Apple Box - Red Stringybark Box Apple open forest basalt scree region River in the upper Murray - DwyersRed Box Red Gum woodland low on earths in upper hillslopes red shallow and hillcrests on region River the upper Murray Brittle Gum - Broad-leaved Peppermint open forest open forest Peppermint Brittle Gum - Broad-leaved with tall dense shrub riparian on understorey coarse grained granitic soils in the South-western Slopes Bioregion Red Stringybark - Broad-leaved Peppermint - Red Stringybark Peppermint - Broad-leaved in the upper slopes on heath open forest Box Norton’s and adjoining Bioregion in the NSW SWS subregion South East Highlands Biorgion VCA No. 314 315 313 311 Keith Class Upper Riverina Dry Sclerophyll Forests (continued) Keith Formation Dry Sclerophyll Forests (shrub/grass subformation) (continued)

36 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 y y y y y n n n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 737 455 7212 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 50% 80% 60% NSW Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 8000 4000 30000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class 05b ST Dry Tussock Tussock 05b ST Dry Grass Forests; Dry05c SWS/ST Grass/Shrub Forests; 05e ST/CT Moist Grass/Shrub Forests ST Western 07h Dry Shrub Forests Eastern Rainshadow (24) Woodland Riparian Ribbon Gum - Robertsons Peppermint - Riparian Gum Ribbon - Robertsons Peppermint riverine Box veryApple of the NSW tall open forest Slopes and South East Highlands Western South Bioregions - Candlebark shrubby Peppermint Broad-leaved southern South areas, of montane open forest and SouthEastern East Corner Highlands Bioregion Bioregion VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Eurabbie - Robertson’s Peppermint very tall, fern very tall, Peppermint Eurabbie - Robertson’s hillslopes in the of gullies and sheltered open forest southern most part of the NSW South-western Slopes Bioregion Brittle Gum of the - peppermint open forest NSW South-western region, Tumut to Woomargama Slopes Bioregion 299 729 VCA No. 307 296 Southern Dry Tablelands Sclerophyll Forests Keith Class Southern Dry Tableland Sclerophyll Forests Keith Formation Dry Sclerophyll Forests (shrubby subformation)

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 37 y y y y y y y y y n n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by 0 50 42 n/a n/a n/a 815 5094 2000 8232 2935 23095 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected n/a n/a n/a 83% 60% 28% 27% 40% 80% 67% 85% 33% NSW Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a n/a n/a 8000 6000 60000 50000 20000 60000 300000 250000 250000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class 10e SWS Black 10e SWS Cypress Pine Forests Dry Forest Foothill Slopes South West Forest Foothills Partly derived Windmill derived Partly Grass - copperburr alluvial plains shrubby grassland of the Darling Riverine Plains and BBS Bioregions Couch grass river grassland banks and floodplains on of inland river systems Couch of inland sod grassland wetland Tail Rat’s floodplains Plains Grass alluvial grassland mainly on clay soils in the Riverina and NSW South-western Slopes Bioregions CurlyWindmill Grass grass - speargrass - wallaby alluvialgrassland clay on Plain, the Hay and loam on Riverina Bioregion Forb-rich Speargrass - Windmill Grass - White Top SpeargrassWindmillForb-rich Top - White Grass - grassland of the Riverina Bioregion VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Black Pine Cypress - Red Stringybark gum - - red in the outcrops siliceous rocky on open forest low box NSW South-western Slopes Bioregion Inland Scribbly Gum - Black Cypress Pine - Mugga woodland Heath low - Daphne of the Ironbark in the southern NSW South- region Slopeswestern Bioregion Long-leaved Box - Red Box - Red StringybarkLong-leaved - Red Box Box mixed hills on and hillslopes in the NSW SWS open forest Bioregion 49 50 242 45 46 44 VCA No. 309 291 287 Semi-arid Floodplain Grasslands Riverine Plain Grasslands Keith Class Western Slopes Western Dry Sclerophyll Forests Grasslands Keith Formation Dry Sclerophyll Forests (shrubby subformation) (continued)

38 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 y y n n n n n n n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a NSW Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class 09d ST/CT Swamp Grasslands 13d Sub-alpine Dry Herb-Grassland VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Kangaroo GrassKangaroo - PurpleWire-grass - Mat-rush dry Buttons Grass - Common tussock Wallaby - grassland in the north-western and Eastern parts of the South Eastern Tablelands of the Southern Highlands Bioregion Kangaroo Grass - Wallaby Grass - Snow Grass moist Wallaby GrassKangaroo - and the Southerntussock grassland in the Monaro of the South Eastern regions Highlands Tablelands Slopes Bioregion and NSW SouthWestern Bioregion Sedge Grass - Kangaroo moist Tall - Tussock River grasslands of the South Eastern Highlands Bioregion Daisy - Tufted Snow Grass Grass - Kangaroo - Pale Everlasting moist sub-montane - Woodruff tussock grassland of the southern Shoalhaven valley, in the and southern ACT outer fringe of the Monaro South Eastern Highlands Bioregion Sub-alpine dry grasslands and heathlands of valley southern South Eastern Highlands Bioregion slopes, Alps Bioregion and Australian southern South Sub-alpine grasslands of valley floors, Alps and Australian Eastern Highlands Bioregion Bioregion Grass Grass - Kangaroo - Rush - Blown Wallaby Grassland Moist Grasslands of Tussock Wet Grass the South Eastern Highlands Bioregion Speargrass - Tall Grass - Red-grass - Wallaby GrassKangaroo dry tussock grassland of the North- in the Tablelands and Easternwestern Southern South Eastern Highlands Bioregion VCA No. 894 896 1110 1186 1224 1225 1288 1289 Keith Class Temperate Temperate Montane Grasslands Grasslands (continued) Keith Formation

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 39 y y y y y y y y y n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by 0 10 24 30 18 n/a n/a 248 182 288 1384 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected 6% 8% n/a n/a 11% 38% 27% 18% 25% 27% NSW >100% Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a n/a 100 70000 80000 30000 40000 15000 800000 500000 800000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class Grey WhiteGrey Box Cypress Pine Yellow Woodland Box White grassy woodland Box in the upper slopes sub- Bioregion of the NSW SWS region Grey WhiteWhite - Box Western Pine Cypress - shrub/grass/forbBox woodland in the NSW SWS Bioregion White Red Gum - Blakely’s - Long-leaved Box - Red Stringybark Box grass-shrub - Norton’s Box woodland hills South in the New shallow soils on on Bioregion SWS Wales VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Western Grey Box tall grassy woodland Box Grey alluvial on Western loam and clay and Riverina soils in the NSW SWS Bioregions White - Box Grey Cypress Pine tall Western woodland alluvial plains of NSW loam soil on on and Riverina Bioregions SWS Pine - Cypress shrubby Box woodland Grey Western footslopesWestern in the NSW South stony on Slopes and Riverina Bioregions grassy woodland Box Grey of the Western Riverine semi-arid (warm) climate zone Yellow Box - River Red Gum - River tall grassy Box riverine Yellow woodland and Riverina Bioregions of NSW SWS Derived grassland of the NSW South Western Slopes Derived grasslandWestern of the NSW South Speargrass - Redleg Grass derived hills grassland on southern South- in the Jindera region, to Holbrook Slopeswestern Bioregion 266 267 268 VCA No. 76 80 110 237 74 796 633 Western Western Slopes Grassy Woodlands Keith Class Floodplain Transition Woodlands Western Slopes Western Grasslands Keith Formation Grassy Woodlands Grasslands (continued)

40 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 y y y y y y y y y y y n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 724 151 120 103 1102 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected 6% 7% 9% n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 33% 20% 10% NSW Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 3000 2000 70000 35000 40000 500000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class 06b WhiteSWS Woodlands Box Box- Yellow 06c ST Grassy Box Apple Woodlands albens E. E.blakelyi-E. mellidora-E. bridgesiana-E. camaldulensis South West Slopes Box-Gum Woodland and Tablelands Slopes Box-Gum (19) Woodland White Yellow Box Red Blakely’s Box Gum Woodland VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Blakely’s Red Gum - White Box - Yellow Box - Box White Red GumYellow Blakely’s - - Box Black Pinegrass/shrub Cypress box woodland clay on undulating hills of centralloam soils on NSW SWS Bioregion Red Gum - Blakely’s moist valley Box and Apple footslopes grass-forb of the NSW SWS open forest Bioregions Red Stringybark Red Gum - Blakely’s - tea tree valley of the southernherbaceous open forest swampy NSW South-western Slopes Bioregion Red Gum woodland - Blakely’s sedge Red Box on colluvial clay lines in the NSW South- drainage Slopeswestern Bioregion Blakely’s Red Gum - Yellow Box grassy tall woodland Box Yellow Red GumBlakely’s - Bioregion of the NSW SWS Yellow Box grassy tall woodland Box alluvium on or parna Yellow loams and clays Bioregion flats in NSW SWS on VCA No. 282 283 284 286 277 276 Keith Class Western Western Slopes Grassy Woodlands (continued) Keith Formation Grassy Woodlands (continued)

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 41 y y n n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by 0 0 n/a n/a 147 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected 8% 6% n/a n/a 22% NSW Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a n/a 4500 5000 40000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class Tablelands Box- Tablelands Gum Woodland White - Red Red Gum - Blakely’s - Red Box Box Stringybark shrubby woodland shallow soils on on metamorphic hills in the Albury of the NSW region South-western Slopes Bioregion VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Yellow Box - Blakelys Box Red Gum grassy woodland on Yellow South Eastern Highlands Bioregion the tablelands, Yellow Box grassy tall woodland Box valley on flats in the Yellow upper slopes of the South-western Slopes Bioregion and South Eastern Highlands Bioregion Black Sally woodland grassy low in valleys in the of the NSW South-western upper slopes sub-region South and western Slopes Eastern Bioregion Highlands Bioregion 269 VCA No. 1330 312 303 Upper Riverina Dry Sclerophyll Forests Keith Class Southern Tableland Grassy Woodlands Keith Formation Grassy Woodlands (continued)

42 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 y y n n n n n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a NSW Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class 04c ST Montane 04c ST Montane Mountain Gum- Snow Gum Forests 09e Southern Swamps Tablelands /Open Woodlands VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Alpine Snow Gum - Snow Gum shrubby woodland at intermediate altitudes in northern Kosciuszko NP, South and Australian Eastern Highlands Bioregion Alps Bioregion Alpine Snow Gum shrubby open woodland at high Alps Bioregion Australian altitudes in Kosciuszko NP, Black Gum grassy woodland of damp flats and Tablelands, lines of the easterndrainage Southern South Eastern Highlands Bioregion Black Sallee - Snow Gum woodland low of montane South and Eastern Highlands Bioregion valleys, Alps Bioregion Australian Snow Gum - Candle valley woodland Bark broad on South Eastern flats of the tablelands and slopes, Highlands Bioregion Snow Gum - Mountain Gum of shrubby open forest South Eastern Highlands Bioregion areas, montane Alps Bioregion and Australian VCA No. 644 645 677 679 1191 1196 Keith Class Subalpine Woodlands Keith Formation Grassy Woodlands (continued)

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 43 y y y y y y y n n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 69248 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 80% NSW Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 100000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class 12b Kosciuzko Sub- alpine Snow Gum Woodlands/Low Forests 01a SC Escarpment Cool/Warm Temperate Rainforests 02a ST/SC Brown Moist ShrubBarrel Forests Moist 02d Tableland Fern/Herb-Grass Forest E.radiata-E. bridgesiana, E.radiata-E.rubida E.radia-E.vimin E.radiata-E. viminalis, E.radiata-E. bicostata VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Ribbon Gum - Narrow-leaved (Robertson’s) (Robertson’s) GumRibbon - Narrow-leaved fern montane - grass tall open forest Peppermint deep clay on loam soils in the upper NSW SWS Kosciuszko escarpment and western Bioregion Gum Gum - Ribbon Bogong shrubby open forest South escarpment the south west on of Kosciuszko, Eastern Highlands Bioregion grassy Peppermint GumRibbon - Narrow-leaved Sydney Basin basalt plateaux, on open forest and South EasternBioregion Highlands Bioregion VCA No. 300 719 1097 Keith Class Southern Wet Tableland Sclerophyll Forests Keith Formation Wet Wet Sclerophyll Forests

44 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 y y y y y y y n n n n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by 0 90 30 n/a n/a n/a n/a 400 1026 2538 3850 1404 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected n/a n/a n/a n/a 80% 50% 33% 67% 75% 40% 62% 17% NSW Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a n/a n/a n/a 800 6000 25000 50000 30000 40000 150000 1000000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class 03b Sub-Alpine Ash Shrub Forests 04a Montane NL 04a Montane Grass/ Peppermint Shrub Forests VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Swamp of the Riverine grassland Plain wetland in depressions sedgeland Shallow wetland freshwater on inland alluivial plains and floodplains on floodplains tall aquatic Groundsel Reed - Bushy Common reedland of inland river grassland systems wetland Cumbungi rushland semi-permanent of shallow water bodies of the inland river systems lakes and semi-permanent freshwater Permanent of the inland slopes and plains wetland Cooba tall shrublandRiver of the floodplains wetland in the Riverina and Murray-Darling Depression Bioregions fen grass - rushland - sedgeland - reedland Tussock in valleys in impeded creeks wetland in the upper of the NSW South-western Slopesslopes sub-region Bioregion Shallow of regularly marsh wetland flooded floodplains mainly on in the semi-ariddepressions (warm) climatic zone (mainly Riverina and Murray Darling Bioregions) Depression Alpine and sub-alpine peatlands, damp herbfields Alpine and sub-alpine peatlands, South and Eastern Highlands Bioregion and fens, Alps Bioregion Australian Alpine Ash - Mountain Gum moist shrubby tall southern South Eastern areas, of montane open forest Alps Bioregion and Australian Highlands Bioregion VCA No. 47 53 181 182 238 240 335 12 638 639 Keith Class Inland Floodplain Swamps Montane Wet Wet Montane Sclerophyll Forests Keith Formation Freshwater Freshwater Wetlands Wet Wet Sclerophyll Forests (continued)

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 45 y y y y y y y n n n n n (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by 0 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 3231 3126 19133 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 38% 80% 10% 50% NSW >100% Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 1000 3000 50000 400000 500000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European 13c Alpine Heath/ Bog Complex 13b Alpine/Sub- alpine Herbfields 13a Feldmark Gellie class Alpine and sub-alpine peatlands, damp herbfields Alpine and sub-alpine peatlands, South and Eastern Highlands Bioregion and fens, Alps Bioregion Australian Alpine shrubland on scree, blockstreams and rocky blockstreams and rocky Alpine shrubland scree, on of Kosciuszko National sites of high altitude areas Alps Bioregion Australian Park, Alpine grassland/herbfield and open heathlands in Alps Bioregion Australian Park, Kosciuszko National Alpine Fjaeldmark on high altitude ridgetops of the on Alpine Fjaeldmark Alps Bioregion Australian Kosciuszko Main Range, Lignum shrubland of the semi-arid wetland (warm) plains (mainly Riverina Darling and Murray Bioregions) Depression Canegrass swamp tall of drainage grassland wetland lakes and pans of the inland plains depressions, Goosefoot shrubland clays on wetland Nitre of the inland floodplains VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Gilgai wetland mosaic in the southern NSW South-Gilgai wetland Slopeswestern Bioregion Rush Reed mainly - Sedge - Common lentic and mid- of the Upper Murray channel wetland Murrumbidgee floodplains in the NSW River South- Slopeswestern Bioregion 637 643 641 640 17 24 160 VCA No. 360 336 Alpine Bogs and Fens Alpine Heaths Alpine Herbfields Alpine Fjaeldmarks Inland Floodplain Shrublands Keith Class Inland Floodplain Swamps (continued) Alpine Complex Keith Formation Freshwater Freshwater Wetlands (continued)

46 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 y y y y y (2010) or Roff et al. Roff et al. al. (2000)? al. Thomas et Mapped by n/a n/a 200 1350 9140 area area NSW (ha) Estimated protected in protected n/a n/a 60% 90% NSW >100% Estimated % remaining in remaining n/a n/a 5000 20000 200000 extent in NSW (ha) Pre-European Pre-European Gellie class 09c Southern Montane Tableland Heaths/ Wet Swamps 10a Sub-Alpine/ RockyMontane Heath Complex Spiny Lignum - Slender Glasswort open forbland in the semi-arid lake edges and on sailine wetland arid climate zones Disturbed annual saltbush forbland clay on plains and zonesinundation mainly NSW of south-western VCA Common Name Common Name VCA Slender Glasswort shrubland low depressions in saline far western in the semi-arid and arid climate zones, NSW 63 166 VCA No. 18 Keith Class Inland Saline Lakes Southern Montane Heaths Keith Formation Saline Wetlands Heathlands 1 Keith formation (Keith 2004) 2010a,b) Roff et al. type vegetation 2006; (Benson 2 NSWVCA 2010a,b) Roff et al. type3 Eastern vegetation (Gellie 2005;

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 47 Appendix 2.10 Vegetation condition mapping and limitations The following explanation is taken from a report by Oliver et al. (2010) for version 1 of the vegetation condition mapping, but the methodology is consistent with version 3, which was used in the New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan (the Murray BMP).

Vegetation condition is a measure of the cumulative impacts of both acute and chronic pressures on vegetation itself, the ecosystem processes that support vegetation, and the indigenous fauna that interact with it. Acute pressures on vegetation include changes in land cover, land use and land management, whereas chronic pressures include invasion by exotic plant species, exotic pest animals, and changes in fire regimes and climate. Vegetation condition is a measure of cumulative impacts so can be referred to as an emergent property of ecosystems. As an emergent property it is not directly mappable. Therefore, to map and monitor vegetation condition at regional scales we first need to work at the site scale and model the relationships between these various pressures on vegetation condition and our site-based assessments of vegetation condition attributes.

The primary focus of this Catchment Action NSW–funded project was to provide the ‘proof-of-concept’ for vegetation condition modelling and mapping by using site-based vegetation data to first model and then map vegetation condition attributes at the regional scale, and to do so at sufficient accuracy to be an improvement on currently available regional scale vegetation condition maps.

The project was undertaken in close collaboration with colleagues in the Department of Sustainability and Environment (DSE), Victoria, and used vegetation site data collected from the Murray Catchment Management Authority (Murray CMA) region. The Murray CMA region became the focus for this work for three reasons: (1) DSE had already modelled vegetation condition into the Murray region, but in the absence of vegetation data from NSW, (2) there was a current CMA need for an improved vegetation condition surface to support biodiversity management planning, and (3) recent and past vegetation field surveys provided a reasonable spread and density of field data on which to base first-generation models.

Vegetation condition attribute modelling was based on the following steps:

1. Assemble a set of vegetation condition attribute data with known coordinates.

2. Assemble a set of biophysical surfaces known to have some relationship with vegetation condition attribute status.

3. Collect from each of these surfaces the value at each pixel that coincided with the location of each field data point.

4. Submit the set of predictor data (from biophysical surfaces) and response data (vegetation field data) to neural networks modelling.

5. Apply the model to the regional coverage of predictor surfaces to model the status of vegetation condition attributes across the entire region.

Within NSW, vegetation condition assessment is based on 10 field attributes. To this set we added an eleventh attribute, groundcover-total, which was simply the sum of the three groundcover components; grass, shrub and other. Although we were unable to model the proportion of woody species regenerating due to too few field data, our models explained more than 60 per cent of the variance for three condition attributes (native richness, native groundcover-shrub, exotic plant cover), 30–60 per cent of the variance for six attributes (native overstorey cover,

48 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 native groundcover-grass, native groundcover-other, native groundcover-total, number of trees with hollows, length of fallen logs), and less than 30 per cent of the variance for only one attribute, native midstorey cover.

Initial feedback from Murray CMA staff on the CMA-wide GIS surfaces created from each of these vegetation condition attribute models has been very positive. The modelled attribute surfaces are clearly superior to State-of- the-Catchment vegetation condition surface. Consequently, there is a keen interest in working towards second- generation products with even better accuracy. Towards this aim the project team, with further collaboration with colleagues at DSE’s Arthur Rylah Institute in Victoria, has plans to:

1. Incorporate new vegetation condition field data from gap-filling vegetation condition surveys nearing completion in the Murray CMA region, and commencing in the Murrumbidgee CMA region.

2. Incorporate new land use information from Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water land use mapping and dynamic land cover mapping and monitoring programs.

3. Incorporate new biophysical predictor surfaces including tree canopies layer, SLATS bare ground, green and brown groundcover fractions, and water layers.

4. Investigate the utility of using the multi-temporal MODIS and Landsat archive to explicitly build a temporal dimension into the modelling, and therefore explore our ability to monitor changes in vegetation condition attributes at regional scales.

The aim of this continuing work will be to improve the accuracy of the modelled vegetation condition attribute surfaces, develop products useful for monitoring vegetation condition change at regional scales, and build the Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water’s capacity in this important area of applied science.

Since the report by Oliver et al. (2010) was completed, new information has been collected and incorporated into subsequent versions of the condition map, including version 3, which was used in the Murray BMP.

For the Murray BMP, three different versions of vegetation condition mapping were created. The first version relied on existing vegetation plot data from Victoria and the Murray CMA area. In spring–summer 2010 new vegetation plot data were collected from two key areas where relatively little vegetation plot data were available. This involved measuring habitat condition variables from approximately 330 plots in the upper Murray and western Murray, which were incorporated into models for the second-generation product. A third-generation product was created using a number of new ‘null’ value sites, which were in cleared or non-native vegetation sites with scores of zero for vegetation condition. The vegetation condition mapping information was integral in the development of the priority Active Management and Repair maps.

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 49 Contemporary boundaries management Appendix 2.11 Murray and neighbouring catchment authority management boundaries case) CMAs in lower (Victorian New SouthWales CMAs in UPPER CASE,

50 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Local government areas and Livestock Health Pest AuthorityLocal boundaries government in the NSW Murray and Livestock Health Pest areas catchment

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 51 Appendix 3.1 Potential threats to biodiversity in the NSW Murray catchment

Threat group Threat Anthropogenic climate Altered flood frequency and severity1 change Increased average temperatures Increased fire events More extreme weather events (e.g. heatwaves, storms) Prolonged drought Reduced river flows1 Reduced snowfall Reduced winter rainfall Chemical use Cloud seeding (silver and nitrate accumulation) Endocrine disruptors Herbicide use Locust control chemicals Pesticide use Clearing of vegetation Clearing for asset protection Clearing for cropping/pasture improvement Clearing for forestry plantation development Clearing for mining Clearing for routine agricultural management activities Clearing of vegetation by grazing of domestic livestock (including post-fire grazing) Clearing of vegetation for tourism developments (in particular along the Murray River) Clearing/loss of dead standing trees Inappropriate hazard reduction burns Linear infrastructure development (roads, rail etc.) Road/track maintenance Rural/rural residential development Stubble and pasture burning and other rural ‘burn-offs’ Urban/industrial development Use of fire for clearing/altered fire regimes

52 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Threat group Threat Competition and predation Carp1 from introduced fauna Cats (domestic) Cats (feral) Dogs European honeybees European red fox Feral pigs Fish re-stocking Gambusia1 Introduced bird species (Indian myna, starling, sparrow) Introduced rodents Introduction of fish to waters within a river catchment outside their natural range1 Portuguese millipedes Redfin1 Trout1 Weather loach (predator fish)1 Disease Beak and feather disease Chlamydia Chytrid fungus EHNV (fish) Myrtle rust Feral herbivores Feral deer Feral goats Feral pigs Hares Rabbits (grazing, warrens) Wild horses

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 53 Threat group Threat Modification of habitat Abandonment of land or change in management (e.g. removal of grazing, ceased timber harvesting) Acid sulphate soils Boating (including specialist wake boats)1 Bush rock removal Change to natural drainage due to linear infrastructure development (roads, rail etc.) Changed hydrology from block banks1 Dead wood removal and firewood collection Dieback (e.g. due to drought) Disturbance of roosting and breeding sites Domestic pets Domestic stock grazing/ trampling Drying of supply watercourses due to piping of irrigation water or reduced irrigation allocations1 Dumping of rubbish (e.g. weed material) Effects of vehicle activities (e.g. four-wheel driving) Effects of visitor activities/ human disturbance Erosion due to stock access to streambank1 Erosion/sediment run-off/turbidity1 Fertiliser use Industrial forestry Fragmentation effects (including genetic isolation, erosion effects, edge effects) Hypoxic blackwater1 Impact of fences (restriction to movement causing mortality) Inappropriate carbon plantings Inappropriate flora collection/ harvesting Inappropriate hazard reduction burns/backburns Inappropriate in-stream structure (e.g. overuse of rock; restriction to fish movement)1 Inappropriate thinning of vegetation Installation and operation of in-stream structures and other mechanisms that alter natural flow regimes of rivers and streams1 Irrigation-induced raised watertables1 Modification of habitat through routine agricultural management activities Mountain bikes, motorcycles Non-target catch (with legal fishing)1 Loss of native diversity due to pasture improvement (including pasture cropping, application of fertiliser) Reducing fuel loads in asset protection zones Removal of large woody debris from New South Wales rivers and streams1

54 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Threat group Threat Modification of habitat Revegetation at inappropriate density (continued) Revegetation with inappropriate species (e.g. tree lucerne) or non-local provenance River pollution from camping sites1 River regulation (including change in flooding regimes and stranding of fish)1 Road/track maintenance (including weed spread) Rural/rural residential development Salinity Sewage discharge1 Stormwater run-off (including erosion and sediment and run-off into waterways and bushland areas)1 Stormwater run-off (rubbish deposited into waterways) Stubble and pasture burning and other rural ‘burn-offs’ Urban noise/light Urban/industrial development Water extraction1 Wildfire Overabundant native biota Galahs (competition for hollows) Kangaroos Noisy miners Sulphur crested cockatoos (competition for hollows) Weeds Exotic annual grasses and forbs Orange hawkweed Invasive exotic aquatic weeds (e.g. lippia, sagittarius, parrot’s feather, alligator weed, leafy elodea)1 Invasive exotic perennial forbs Invasive exotic perennial grasses Invasive exotic shrubs (e.g. blackberry, boxthorn) Invasive exotic trees (e.g. pine, pepper trees, olives, Ailanthus) Invasive native weeds (e.g. wattle, sweet pittosporum) Noxious weeds Pussy willow (seeding) Willows Other Hook and line fishing in areas important for the survival of threatened fish species1 Illegal fishing/netting1

1 Threats to aquatic and riverine species and ecosystems are noted as significant threats to biodiversity. Addressing these threats is outside the scope of the New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan, which is primarily a plan for terrestrial biodiversity.

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 55 Appendix 3.2 Key threatening processes relevant to the NSW Murray catchment

NSW EPBC Key threatening process Act TSC Act FM Act Climate change Anthropogenic climate change ü ü

Habitat loss/change Alteration to the natural flow regimes of rivers and streams and their floodplains and ü wetlands1 Bush rock removal ü Clearing of native vegetation ü ü Degradation of native riparian vegetation along New South Wales watercourses1 ü

High-frequency fire resulting in the disruption of life cycle processes in plants and ü animals and loss of vegetation structure and composition Hook and line fishing in areas important for the survival of threatened fish species1 ü

Installation and operation of in-stream structures and other mechanisms that alter ü natural flow regimes of rivers and streams1 Introduction of fish to waters within a river catchment outside their natural range1 ü

Loss of hollow-bearing trees ü Loss of terrestrial climatic habitat caused by anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse ü gases Predation by Gambusia holbrooki Girard, 1859 (plague minnow or mosquito fish)1 ü

Removal of dead wood and dead trees ü Removal of large woody debris from New South Wales rivers and streams1 ü

Weeds Invasion and establishment of scotch broom (Cytisus scoparius) ü Invasion of native plant communities by African olive Olea europaea L. subsp. ü cuspidata Invasion of native plant communities by exotic perennial grasses ü Loss and degradation of native plant and animal habitat by invasion of escaped ü garden plants, including aquatic plants

Pest animals Competition and grazing by the feral European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) ü ü

56 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 NSW EPBC Key threatening process Act TSC Act FM Act Competition and habitat degradation by feral goats (Capra hircus) ü ü Competition from feral honey bees (Apis mellifera) ü Herbivory and environmental degradation caused by feral deer ü Predation by the European red fox (Vulpes vulpes) ü ü Predation by the feral cat (Felis catus) ü ü Predation, habitat degradation, competition and disease transmission by feral pigs ü ü (Sus scrofa)

Diseases Infection by psittacine circoviral (beak and feather) disease affecting endangered ü ü psittacine species and populations Infection of frogs by amphibian chytrid causing the disease chytridiomycosis ü ü

Introduction and establishment of exotic rust fungi of the order Pucciniales ü pathogenic on plants of the family Myrtaceae

1 Threats to aquatic and riverine species and ecosystems are noted as significant threats to biodiversity. Addressing these threats is outside the scope of the New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan, which is primarily a plan for terrestrial biodiversity.

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 57 Appendix 3.3 Matrix of key assets, assemblages and their key threatening processes and threats Refer to excel file Appendix 3-3 Threats matrix.xls (partial low resolution screen shot shown here).

58 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 59 vegetation types. Forest and Dry Sclerophyll

Alpine complex

Proximity to water to Proximity removal of coarse woody debris resulting in collection, both legal and illegal, Includes all forms of firewood and other native fauna Results in loss of habitat for reptiles (fallen timber), and/or dead or living standing trees. nutrient cycling. and altered TSRs, roadsides and State Forests with increasing likelihood on small holdings, Most likely on private property, with suitable trees (vegetation types) for firewood, primarily within ~50 km of urban centres. Murray catchment, Travelling Stock Reserves in the NSW While firewood removal is not permitted with Note: illegal removal remains as a threat to these areas. Firewood is permissible under permit in State Forests. Refers to the effects of small remnant size, geographic isolation from other remnants and edge effects on gene other remnants size, geographic isolation from Refers to the effects of small remnant population viability and habitat condition. flow, conditions for fragmentation (i.e. moderate to highly cleared Occurs in areas already ‘close to threshold’ landscapes) and near roads. More likely to be observed in higher intensity land uses on smaller properties. vegetation types and less likely in rugged areas not suitable for More likely to be observed in over-cleared agriculture. of vegetation by domestic livestock, though includes primarily to overgrazing grazing refers Inappropriate The effects on biodiversity of by pest animals or overabundant native fauana (such as kangaroos). overgrazing and increased cover, native ground layer species, reduced a loss of diversity ground grazing are inappropriate due to its effects on condition of the overstorey in reduced grazing can result Inappropriate cover. exotic ground than for the understorey. health, but to a lesser degree tree TSRs. Is unlikely in tenures with but may occur in State Forests or Occurs primarily on private property, conservation status. Does not occur in National Parks. Less likely to on higher slopes and more rugged areas. Less likely to occur in Description and modelled distribution of threats

Proximity to roads to Proximity

Proximity to urban areas urban to Proximity ü ü

Rainfall zone Rainfall ü

Current vegetation condition vegetation Current

Land capability Land

Ruggedness

Slope ü ü

Spatial context Spatial ü ü ü

Vegetation type Vegetation ü

Approach to threat modelling to threat Approach

Property size Property ü ü ü

Tenure ü ü Land use Land ü ü ü Data layers used to model threat Data layers ü ) Fragmentation/Isolation (including genetic isolation, edge effects) erosion effects, Inappropriate grazing Mapped threats Firewood removal (loss of standing or fallen trees, dead or alive Appendix 3.4

60 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 oad verges, and oad verges,

, or both. This has the effect of greatly decreasing decreasing , or both. This has the effect of greatly

Proximity to water to Proximity either by native species-dominated pastures, species in previously Refers to the establishment of exotic pasture sowing of exotic species, application superphosphate fertiliser diversity. and understorey native groundcover landuse and private property without conservation status. Most likely in Occurs within existing ‘grazing’ occur within reserves or urban areas. More grasslands, grassy woodlands or areas mapped as ‘non-native’.Doesn’t land of higher capability. likely on flat and lower-slope Act (2003), clearing of native grasslands comprising greater than 50% Vegetation Note: Under the Native indigenous species is not permitted. Refers to high frequency fires caused by wildlife, arson or hazard reduction burns that result in the disruption reduction burns that caused by wildlife, arson or hazard fires Refers to high frequency and composition. Likely to be in plants and animals loss of vegetation structure of life cycle processes exacerbated by climate change. Inappropriate fire (particularly for hazard reduction or because of arson) is most likely in close proximity to urban areas and roads (excluding urban themselves). It is less likely on small (<10ha) properties. Likelihood of fire is associated with higher condition vegetation (higher fuel load) and less fragmented areas (high spatial context, increasing likelihood of spread). Description and modelled distribution of threats Includes loss of paddock trees due to natural senescence of aging trees or dieback caused stock camping, and due to natural senescence of aging trees Includes loss of paddock trees accidental or intentional clearing (including through regeneration; loss of paddock trees insufficient agricultural management activities and effects of stubble Act for routine permitted under the Native Vegetation burns). Occurs on grazing and cropping land where paddock trees remain widening or creation of roads and tracks resulting in the clearing or modification of vegetation. and tracks resulting of roads widening or creation Occurs primarily along and adjacent to existing roads. Is most likely on public land, but can occur private property. roads, which could not be separated from existing This threat map may include a small number of ‘paper’ Note: roads in the spatial data layer of and tracks. Refers to activities such as the installation of powerlines/pipelines/cables, maintenance r

Proximity to roads to Proximity

Proximity to urban areas urban to Proximity ü ü

Rainfall zone Rainfall ü

Current vegetation condition vegetation Current ü

Land capability Land ü ü ü

Ruggedness ü

Slope ü

Spatial context Spatial ü ü ü

Vegetation type Vegetation ü ü ü

Property size Property ü ü ü

Tenure ü ü Land use Land ü ü ü ü Data layers used to model threat Data layers ü ü ü ü Mapped threats Loss or lack of replacement of paddock trees Repeated high intensity/high frequency fires including wildfire Road/track maintenance/ linear infrastructure Pasture improvement leading to loss of native diversity

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 61 eeds compete with

ennial. Includes exotic pasture species ennial. Includes exotic pasture

Proximity to water to Proximity Includes both woody (e.g. Boxthorn) and non-woody weeds, annual per (such as Phalaris) which can disperse into and dominate native vegetation communities. W particularly in the understorey. native diversity, and reduce other plants for resources They are more prevalent on grazing, cropping and rural land uses, but equally likely across all tenures. Weeds are more prevalent closer to water and roads, in low condition vegetation or fragmented areas due are slightly Weeds facilitation of dispersal and higher establishment rates in more disturbed, nutrient rich areas. Abundance of weeds is correlated with low less prevalent in arid shrublands and forested vegetation types. condition ground cover component, such that low vegetation is a partial surrogate for weed threat. and non-woody terrestrial weeds were combined into one threat layer due to similar factors driving Woody Note: their occurrence. Refers to total or partial loss modification of habitat due urban expansion and development in rural areas. residential lower slope, low on land of higher capability, Occurs on private property and public land not in reserves SF, ruggedness, within ~1 km of the edge urban areas, and in areas zoned for residential development 10-year local government residential development plans. Note: Urbanisation threat determined by proximity to existing urban areas has been weighted population size and manually adjusted to reflect residential zoning in local government development plans. Description and modelled distribution of threats

Proximity to roads to Proximity ü

Proximity to urban areas urban to Proximity

Rainfall zone Rainfall ü

Current vegetation condition vegetation Current

Land capability Land ü

Ruggedness ü

Slope ü

Spatial context Spatial ü

Vegetation type Vegetation ü ü

Property size Property ü ü

Tenure ü Land use Land ü Data layers used to model threat Data layers ü ü Mapped threats weeds Terrestrial Urbanisation

62 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Threats consequence maps Threats Consequence of threat - FirewoodConsequence of threat Removal Appendix 3.5

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 63 Consequence of threat - Fragmentation and isolation - Fragmentation Consequence of threat

64 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Consequence of threat - InappropriateConsequence of threat grazing

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 65 Consequence of threat - LossConsequence of threat of paddock trees

66 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Consequence of threat - Pasture improvement - Pasture Consequence of threat

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 67 Consequence of threat - Repeated high instensity/highConsequence of threat frequency fire

68 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Consequence of threat - Road and track - Road Consequence of threat maintenance

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 69 Consequence of threat - UrbanisationConsequence of threat

70 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Consequence of threat - Weeds - Consequence of threat

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 71 Appendix 3.6 Aggregation matrix: vegetation condition component weightings

Vegetation condition components 1 cover Total richness Fallen logs Fallen Native species Native Native groundNative Native mid cover Native Native overstorey Native Trees with hollows Trees Exotic plant cover

Vegetation formation Contribution of components to overall condition 1 Alpine complex 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 1 2 Arid shrublands (Chenopod 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 0.17 1 subformation) 3 Dry sclerophyll forests (Shrub/grass 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 1 subformation) 4 Dry sclerophyll forests (Shrubby 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 1 subformation) 5 Forested wetlands 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 1 6 Freshwater wetlands 0.33 0.33 0.33 1 7 Grasslands2 0.5 0.5 1 8 Grassy woodlands 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 1 9 Rainforests 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 1 10 Semi-arid woodlands (Grassy 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 1 subformation) 11 Semi-arid woodlands (Shrubby 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 1 subformation) 12 Wet sclerophyll forests (Grassy 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 1 subformation) 13 Wet sclerophyll forests (Shrubby 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 1 subformation)

1 Exotic plant cover is the only variable inversely correlated with vegetation condition (the maximum score is achieved at the lowest levels of exotic cover). This matrix shows that for most vegetation types, this variable contributes equal amounts to overall vegetation condition as other condition variables. 2 The variable Native species richness is excluded from assessment of overall vegetation condition of Grasslands, to avoid bias against this formation owing to the absence of overstorey and midstorey species.

72 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Appendix 4.1 Other biodiversity planning strategies and processes relevant to the NSW Murray catchment

Mitchell landscapes Ecosystems within NSW have been categorised and mapped by Mitchell (2002) into planning units called ‘Mitchell landscapes’. The proportion of extant native vegetation cover has been estimated for each of these landscapes. Mitchell landscapes that have less than 30% native vegetation remaining are termed ‘overcleared’ and are generally considered to be where significant declines in some plants and animals have occurred or are likely to occur.

Albury City draft biodiversity strategy The Albury City Draft Biodiversity Strategy 2012–2016 (AlburyCity 2012) was prepared by Albury City to guide activities that seek to protect and improve biodiversity in Albury, with a focus on local native flora and fauna. The strategy identifies Albury’s significant biodiversity assets, the major threats to these assets, as well as various conservation measures. The draft strategy was out for public consultation until December 2012, and considered the Draft NSW Murray Biodiversity Management Plan in its development (MCMA & OEH 2012).

The Albury City strategy proposes four management priorities—protect, enhance, engage and review—to achieve the outcome of protecting and enhancing biodiversity throughout the Albury local government area.

The strategy identifies the Murray River, environmental-zoned land, remnant vegetation, significant trees, Albury’s urban forest, flora and fauna, riparian habitat, as well as revegetation areas as Albury’s significant biodiversity assets. It identifies the major threats to these assets, which include loss of habitat due to native vegetation removal, de- snagging of waterways, the spread of weeds and garden escapees, firewood collection and removal of bush rocks. Other threats to Albury’s biodiversity include rubbish dumping, inappropriate fire regimes, irresponsible pet ownership, pollution and climate change. Albury City has a number of measures in place to protect biodiversity and ecosystem services including various management plans and associated works programs, standard operating procedures, as well as projects and infrastructure.

In addition to protecting biodiversity, the strategy identifies other ways to improve Albury City’s biodiversity, including habitat restoration and revegetation. The conservation measures presented in the strategy can be implemented by Albury City on local government-managed land, but can also be implemented by other land managers and private landholders.

Draft Murray Regional Strategy The draft Murray Regional Strategy (2009–2036) is a regional planning strategy prepared by the NSW Department of Planning that complements the NSW 2021 Plan and other NSW and local planning strategies and planning instruments. Within the NSW Murray Biodiversity Management Plan area, the draft strategy covers the local government areas of Albury, Greater Hume, Corowa, Berrigan, Murray, Conargo, Deniliquin and Wakool. The draft strategy highlights the significant environmental assets in NSW Murray catchment including: • the River Murray wetlands • areas of important Aboriginal and European heritage

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 73 • river red gum forests • threatened flora and fauna and migratory bird species • high conservation value native vegetation including mapped endangered ecological communities—inland grey box woodland, white box – yellow box – Blakely’s red gum woodland, boree woodland, buloke woodland and sandhill pine woodland listed under the TSC Act • areas of high quality old man saltbush shrubland • mapped endangered ecological communities—buloke woodland, white box, yellow box – Blakely’s red gum woodland listed under the EPBC Act • all vegetation that is within an overcleared (cleared by 70% or more) Mitchell landscape • poorly reserved (<15% of the pre-European extent in reserve) vegetation communities • wetlands as identified by Kingsford et al. (2003) • key watercourse including the Murray River, Edward River and Billabong Creek • riverine plains grasslands mapped by Roberts & Roberts (2001) • scenario 6 of the SAND Farmscapes Project (Corowa and Berrigan local government areas only) (Freudenberger and Stol 2002), which identifies large, medium and small remnants, includes consideration of remnant enhancement and enlargement and also connectivity and ‘stepping stones’ • roadsides and travelling stock routes and reserves • national parks and nature reserves • wildlife corridors and ‘biolinks’ developed by the former NSW Department of Environment and Conservation, including the ‘Woomargama Link’ • Edward River wetlands, high-quality black box woodlands along the Billabong and Forest creeks.

The draft Murray Region Strategy can be located at http://www.planning.nsw.gov.au/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=Ej63oFt37B0%3d&tabid=372.

‘Priority local landscapes’ in the South Western Slopes of the Murray Catchment Management Authority area A cost-effective method for conservation planning in predominantly agricultural landscapes using a Rapid Assessment Methodology was developed by DECCW (2009a) in the South West Slopes Bioregion. In this project, an ‘expert panel’ segmented the South-West Slopes Bioregion within the NSW Murray Catchment into 17 ‘local landscapes’, for conservation planning and prioritisation. These ‘local landscapes’ were then described, and assigned a conservation priority. This prioritisation was based on factors such as extent of native vegetation, presence of threatened vegetation types, threatened species, unique biodiversity values and features. The local landscapes were ranked as low, medium or high on the basis of this prioritisation. The low and medium ranked landscapes still support important biodiversity values including native vegetation, endangered ecological communities and threatened flora and fauna, but the prioritisation forced experts to identify high value landscapes on the basis that there are limited resources available for conservation management.

74 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Mitchell landscapes—per cleared cent of vegetation in the NSW Murray catchment (Mitchell 2002)

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 75 In the Murray CMA area, three local landscapes were nominated as top priority for immediate conservation assessment and planning: Woomargama, Jindera and Billabong. These therefore represent ‘priority local landscapes’. Three other local landscapes, Little Billabong, Urana and Albury were nominated as High priority for future assessment and planning.

The Billabong local landscape has been the focus of some targeted conservation works in the riparian zone of the Billabong Creek as part of the Billabong Renaissance project. There are many significant areas of connected terrestrial woodland vegetation in Travelling Stock Reserves adjoining or parallel to the Billabong Creek that that link to the riparian areas in an otherwise highly cleared and productive agricultural landscape.

With the limited funds available, DECCW (Davidson et al. 2011) conducted a Rapid Assessment Methodology in the Woomargama (41,800 ha) and Jindera (27,800 ha) local priority landscapes. The methodology involved identifying every patch of remnant vegetation (and other ‘sites’ with potential biodiversity values), and then cataloguing each site, describing each of 56 attributes for each ‘site’. Many attributes were recorded using existing GIS mapping, with additional collected through a ‘Rapid Assessment’ method in the field to record tree species, vegetation type and a number of condition attributes such as percent native ground cover, shrub cover, presence of tree regeneration, rocky areas, coarse fallen woody debris, dead standing timber and hollow-bearing trees.

This method requires a skilled field ecologist with the ability to rapidly and confidently discern values such as native ground cover from a weedy or improved non-native pasture cover. Eighty four sites in the Jindera local landscape, and 76 sites in the Woomargama local landscape were identified and described, and then ranked in terms of conservation significance. Figure 5.2.2 shows the areas that were identified rapidly and mapped as having biodiversity values in the Woomargama (15,339 ha or 40% of the landscape) and Jindera (10,566 ha or 38% of the landscape) landscapes.

The highest priority sites for conservation management within the two local landscapes were considered to be those with high conservation significance, and high resilience, and which have a land capability class of 1, 2 or 3. Land capability can be used as a surrogate for soil fertility and productivity which in turn strongly influence the availability of food resources such as nectar and insects from larger trees that grow in better quality soils. Figure 5.2.3 presents the very highest ranked resilient conservation priority areas in both local landscapes. They represent 5% of the Woomargama and 7% of the Jindera landscapes and are considered to be strong candidates for incentive or stewardship mechanisms for on-ground protection and management.

The Rapid Assessment Methodology could easily be applied to other areas within the Murray CMA area, particularly the catchment-scale priority ‘Active Management’ and ‘Repair’ investment areas, to identify and prioritise local biodiversity assets and areas that are also important for larger scale ecological processes, including connectivity.

For further details on the DECCW (2009a) and Davidson et al. (2011) Rapid Assessment Methodology please refer to http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/biodiversity/09601swslopesplanning.pdf

76 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Areas of biodiversity value identified using a Rapid Assessment Methodology in the Woomargama and of biodiversityJinderaAreas value identified using a Rapid Assessment Methodology in the Local Priority Landscapes of the NSW Murray 2009a). catchment DECCW (from

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 77 High conservation significance areas that are highly resilient in Land Capability Classes 1, 2 or 3 in the WoomargamaHigh conservation and Jindera PriorityLocal significance highly that are resilient in Land Capability areas 2 or 3 in the Classes 1, Landscapes of the NSW Murray 2009a). catchment DECCW (from

78 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Important native seed production areas Re-vegetation using direct-seeding is an important part of habitat restoration activities in the NSW Murray catchment. The Murray CMA maintains a seed bank at Deniliquin to supply local seed for restoration works. Seed is harvested from roadside vegetation, public reserves, and private property including Seed Production Areas, which are ‘orchards’ of native vegetation established for the specific purpose of producing seed for the seed bank. Seed collection areas are important biodiversity assets in their own right, as they provide the genetic material needed to re-vegetate areas that have a low chance of re-generating naturally due to localised loss of species or changes in understorey condition.

Murray CMA has established approximately 65 Seed Production Areas on private property to supply a range of locally native species across a wide geographical range. Owners of Seed Production Areas help with their management and collections, and these areas can provide up to 70% of seed requirements in some years (Figure 5.2.4).

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 79 Seed Production Areas established by the Murray Areas Seed CMA. Production

80 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Important bird areas (IBAs) To assist the prioritisation of conservation efforts and resources, Important Bird Areas (IBAs) that are known to support key threatened and iconic bird species have been defined both in Australia and globally. IBAs are distinct areas or sites that can potentially be managed as a single unit. In general, conservation actions that maintain and improve habitat extent and condition and reduce threats are recommended for IBAs, though in some cases there is a need for species-specific actions. IBAs are non-government and non-statutory and have been used across the world as a complementary process to more formal conservation processes. In Australia, over 300 IBAs have been identified by BirdLife Australia as an independent process to government. There is no statutory status or legal implications to IBAs. The intention of the IBA process is to communicate the high conservation values of these areas to land managers responsible for them. There are three IBAs identified for the NSW Murray catchment (Figure 5.2.5) • Barmah-Millewa (http://www.birdata.com.au/iba.vm) • Riverina Plains (http://www.birdata.com.au/iba.vm) • Australian Alps (http://www.birdata.com.au/iba.vm).

All three IBAs extend beyond the NSW Murray catchment boundaries because they represent the geographic extent of species bird species or assemblages of species. The Barmah-Millewa IBA is renowned for its habitat values for wetland birds and the Superb Parrot. The Riverina Plains encompasses native grassland habitat of the Plains- wanderer and many other grassland birds such as quail, songlarks and raptors. The Australian Alps IBA provides important habitat for species such as the Pilotbird, Olive Whistler, Gang-gang Cockatoo and Scarlet, Flame and Pink Robins. The three IBAs align closely to some of the high priority ‘Active Management’ areas identified in Chapter 5 in Figure 5.1.

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 81 Important (IBAs) areas in the NSW Murray bird catchment

82 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Key wildlife movement corridors of the NSW Murray catchment as identified though the Alps to Atherton, Slopes to and Summit projects by Drielsma Inset (right) shows Slopes (2011). to Summit identified priorityet al. landscapes known to contain significant such as threatened biodiversity values, seen as the best opportunitiesThese landscapeswere connectivity to improve conservationspecies. region. in the

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 83 Appendix 4.2 The Biodiversity Forecasting Tool The Biodiversity Forecasting Tool (BFT) is a computer modelling program that uses a range of geographic information system (GIS)-based data to assess the contribution of local scale patches of vegetation to the future health of the catchment’s biodiversity (DEC 2006, DECC 2008, 2009). By identifying sites that will have the greatest influence on the catchment’s biodiversity we can target those areas for biodiversity management and conservation activities.

The BFT was used to assess and map the conservation status of the NSW Murray catchment’s biodiversity under current land use and management. The BFT then identified priority areas where changes in land use or management (hypothetical restoration or degradation) would maximise the biodiversity value within a local landscape (about 1000 ha area, or 1.78 kilometre radius circle).

In the last decade, the BFT has been applied to terrestrial biodiversity assessment and planning activities across many areas of NSW. Some of the CMA-related projects include the Border Ranges and Northern Rivers BMPs, western regional assessments for the Brigalow Belt and Nandewar Bioregions, the Comprehensive Coastal Assessment, Lord Howe Island and the NSW Central Coast BMPs. BFT is also being used in the development and assessment of local environmental plans (e.g. Albury), in the Great Eastern Ranges Initiative and in the development of the NSW Biodiversity Strategy.

The BFT approach evaluates potential consequences for biodiversity by processing information related to mapped scenarios of landuse, land management and threats to the future condition of vegetation. The future condition of a patch of vegetation is used to assess the likely health of the biodiversity associated with that type of vegetation community.

This capability was used to assess and map the current conservation status of the catchment’s biodiversity under current land use and management and the BFT then identified priority areas where future change in landuse or management will maximise the biodiversity benefit within a local landscape (approx 1000 ha area). This process identified regional priorities for areas to ‘Conserve’ (termed in the Murray BMP as ‘Active Management’) and/ or ‘Repair’. The tool used the extent (Roff et al. 2010), condition (Oliver at al. 2010) and configuration of native vegetation and the nine key threats to biodiversity (Chapter 4) to evaluate the likely persistence of terrestrial biodiversity (see figures Appendix 5.4 and Appendix 5.5).

There are many ways to present the information developed in the BFT. In this Plan the figure captions for maps describe how the information in the BFT maps is presented. The raw GIS data layers and grids that have been developed by OEH can be accessed by contacting the Murray CMA or NSW OEH. Users are welcome to access these data sets and interrogate and re-calibrate the information to suit their specific purposes.

84 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Appendix 4.3 Flow chart of the Biodiversity Forecasting Tool process

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 85 Appendix 4.4 Graphical representation of the Biodiversity Forecasting Tool process to identify Active Management and Repair priorities

Satellite image of landscape with variety of land uses

• Areas of dark green have a high density of tree cover. • Different types of vegetation have their own reflectance ‘signature’ which enables satellite data to be used to map vegetation and its condition remotely. • The red circle represents about 1000 ha. This is the ‘landscape’ scale at which regional biodiversity value is assessed within the Biodiversity Forecaster Tool. Changes to vegetation in the very centre of this circle are expected to have the maximum influence on biodiversity within the surrounding 1000 ha (i.e. within 1.78 kilometres). Beyond this zone, its influence on biodiversity in the surrounding landscape is greatly reduced.

86 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Vegetation condition map

• Current vegetation condition was modelled using satellite data and field survey data for verification (Oliver et al.2010). • High condition sites are shown in blue; low condition sites in orange. • Areas of moderate condition (green) within the agricultural landscape can be distinguished from the surrounding landscape which is in low condition (orange). This difference is most likely due to a greater diversity of ground-cover species and moderate levels of paddock tree cover in the centre-left of the map.

Threats to vegetation condition

• Threats to vegetation condition such as loss of diversity due to pasture improvement, inappropriate grazing, and loss/lack of replacement of paddock trees may result in decline in vegetation condition over time. • Various threats were mapped in the BMP and combined to predict and map future vegetation condition.

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 87 Future vegetation condition map

• Areas currently in moderate condition (green in lower-left of Current condition map) and high condition (blue along lower edge of map) have declined due to the impact of various threats. • Vegetation condition has increased in the northern part of the remnant in the centre-left of the map. This is due to a very low threat level allowing vegetation condition to improve over time. Overall, there is relatively little change in vegetation condition across this landscape.

88 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Priority areas to actively manage

‘Active Management’ priority areas represent areas that have high vegetation extent, condition and spatial configuration to remain in high condition in the future. These areas require minimal intervention to maintain their current values, but would lead to the largest declines in regional-scale biodiversity if cleared.

‘Repair’ priority areas are typically those with lower to moderate condition that will contribute the most to regional scale biodiversity if restored, due to their spatial placement near high condition areas.

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 89 Appendix 4.5 The area and proportion of the NSW Murray catchment for each quartile of investment priorities for Active Management of remnant vegetation and investment priorities for Repair of native vegetation The following graphs indicate the spread of values for ‘Investment Priorities for Active Management of Remnant Vegetation’ and ‘Investment Priorities for Repair of Native Vegetation’ across the NSW Murray catchment.

The dashed grey lines show the four quartiles with each section representing 25% of the total catchment area (approximately 880,000 hectares).

The spread of values suggest that the majority of the catchment has a higher Repair value and lower Active Management value, consistent with the percentage of intact vegetation remaining. The graphs reflect the highly cleared nature of the region, especially of certain vegetation communities that then become high Repair benefits across all of their extent. The few really high Active Management benefits are probably the same over-cleared communities – rare examples in good condition.

Area (ha) and proportion of the NSW Murray catchment for each quartile of ACTIVE MANAGEMENT priorities.

90 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Area (ha) and proportion of the NSW Murray catchment for each quartile of REPAIR priority

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 91 Maps of each vegetation formation vegetation Maps of each showing Appendix 4.6 ­ Sclerophyll Forests prioritiesInvestment vegetation—Wet and Repair of native vegetation of remnant Management for Active investment prioritiesinvestment vegetation of remnant Management for Active prioritiesand investment for vegetation Repair of native

92 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Investment prioritiesInvestment Complex vegetation—Alpine and Repair of native vegetation of remnant Management for Active

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 93 Investment prioritiesInvestment vegetation—Arid and Repair of native vegetation of remnant Shrublands Management for Active (chenopod subformation) ­

94 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Investment prioritiesInvestment vegetation—Dry and Repair of native vegetation of remnant Management for Active ­ Sclerophyll Forests

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 95 ­ Wetlands prioritiesInvestment vegetation—Forested and Repair of native vegetation of remnant Management for Active

96 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 ­ Wetlands prioritiesInvestment vegetation—Freshwater and Repair of native vegetation of remnant Management for Active

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 97 Investment prioritiesInvestment ­ vegetation—Grasslands and Repair of native vegetation of remnant Management for Active

98 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 ­ prioritiesInvestment vegetation—Semi-arid and Repair of native vegetation of remnant Woodlands Management for Active

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 99 Appendix 5.1 NSW Priorities Action Statement (PAS2) threatened species management streams

Approx. % of all Management threatened Stream species Description Example Species Photo Site-managed 42% Species that require active, site-based management. species Nearly half of NSW threatened species are in this stream. These species will be managed by targeted projects delivered at local scales that will be scoped, assessed for feasibility, costed and prioritised. Booroolong Frog Dave Hunter Iconic species <1% Species that have exceptional social and/or cultural values for the community. Iconic Species Projects will be prepared, based on existing recovery plans that will define all sites, actions and costs. Iconic species will not be prioritised on the basis of cost effectiveness. Some of the iconic species identified in Appendix 5.2 are Bush Stone-curlew regionally iconic and are not iconic at the state level under

the PAS2 program Ross Bennett

Landscape- 14% Species that are typically distributed widely and are managed subject to threats at landscape scales (most often habitat species loss or degradation). These species will largely be managed through the regular operation of the Native Vegetation Act (clearing controls) and the NPW Act (reserve management). Flame Robin Damon Oliver Data-deficient 18% Species for which there is insufficient information species available to develop a Species Project. A Species Profile will be prepared which will set out the research and survey priorities for OEH and partner bodies such as universities.

Large-eared Pied Bat Michael Pennay

‘Keep watch 10% Species that require no immediate investment either species’ because they are naturally rare with no known threats, or are known to be more abundant than previously assumed. OEH will keep a ‘watching brief’ on these species.

Round-leafed Wilsonia Jackie Miles Partnership 16% Species that are migratory, vagrant, or have less than 10% species of their distribution in NSW. Programs for these species are co-ordinated by other jurisdictions and NSW will remain an active participant

Purple-crowned Lorikeet Chris Tzaros

100 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Appendix 5.2 Threatened entities in the NSW Murray catchment (as of November 2012)

Known or EPBC Act predicted TSC Act statusa statusb occurrence in Murray CMA F = final F = plan made Management recovery plan or adopted K = known stream Dr = draft P = plan in Pr = predicted (see Appendix Scientific name Common name recovery plan preparation M = migratory 5.2) FLORA Acacia phasmoides Phantom Wattle Vulnerable Vulnerable F K Site Amphibromus fluitans River Swamp Wallaby- Vulnerable Vulnerable K Keep watch grass Austrostipa metatoris A Spear-grass Vulnerable Vulnerable K Site Austrostipa wakoolica A Spear-grass Endangered Endangered K Site Brachyscome muelleroides Claypan Daisy Vulnerable Vulnerable F K Site Brachyscome papillosa Mossgiel Daisy Vulnerable Vulnerable K Site Caladenia arenaria Sand-hill Spider Orchid Endangered F Endangered F K Site Caladenia concolor Crimson Spider Orchid Endangered Dr Vulnerable K Site Callitriche cyclocarpa Western Water-starwort Vulnerable Vulnerable K Site Carex raleighii Raleigh Sedge Endangered F Vulnerable F K Site Cullen parvum Small Scurf-pea Endangered - K Partnership Diuris sp. (Oaklands; D.L. Oaklands Diuris Endangered - K Site Jones 5380) Eucalyptus leucoxylon subsp. Boland Yellow Gum Vulnerable - K Partnership pruinosa Euchiton nitidulus Shining Cudweed Vulnerable F Vulnerable F K Site Glycine latrobeana Clover Glycine - Vulnerable F K Site Haloragis exalata subsp. Square Raspwort Vulnerable Vulnerable P K Site exalata Irenepharsus magicus Elusive Cress Endangered F - K Site Lepidium monoplocoides Winged Peppercress Endangered Endangered F K Site Leptorhynchos orientalis Lanky Buttons Endangered - K Site Maireana cheelii Chariot Wheels Vulnerable Vulnerable F K Site Pilularia novae-hollandiae Austral Pillwort Endangered - K Site Prasophyllum bagoensis Bago Leek-orchid Endangered - Pr Site Prasophyllum innubum A terrestrial Leek-orchid Critically - Pr Site Endangered Prasophyllum keltonii Kelton’s Leek-orchid Critically - K Site Endangered Prasophyllum ‘Moama’ A terrestrial Leek-orchid Critically - K Site Endangered Pterostylis despectans Lowly Greenhood Critically Endangered F K Site Endangered Pterostylis oreophila Blue-tongued Greenhood Critically - K Site Endangered

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 101 Known or EPBC Act predicted TSC Act statusa statusb occurrence in Murray CMA F = final F = plan made Management recovery plan or adopted K = known stream Dr = draft P = plan in Pr = predicted (see Appendix Scientific name Common name recovery plan preparation M = migratory 5.2) FLORA Pultenaea humilis Dwarf Bush-pea Vulnerable - Ranunculus anemoneus Anenome Buttercup Vulnerable F Vulnerable F K Site Rytidosperma pumilum Feldmark Grass Vulnerable F Vulnerable F K Site Santalum murrayanum Bitter Quandong Endangered - K Site Sclerolaena napiformis Turnip Copperburr Endangered Endangered F K Site Senecio garlandii Woolly Ragwort Vulnerable Vulnerable K Site Swainsona murrayana Slender Darling Pea Vulnerable Vulnerable K Landscape Swainsona plagiotropis Red Darling Pea Vulnerable Vulnerable F K Site Swainsona recta Mountain Swainson-pea Endangered Endangered P K Site Swainsona sericea Silky Swainson-pea Vulnerable - K Keep watch Thelymitra atronitida Black-hooded Sun Orchid Critically - K Site Endangered Thesium australe Austral Toadflax Vulnerable Vulnerable P K Keep watch Wilsonia rotundifolia Round-leafed Wilsonia Endangered - K Keep watch

a Descriptions and links to Recovery Plans for threatened aquatic species and ecological communities can be found at http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/ threatenedspecies/ b Descriptions and links to Recovery Plans for threatened species and ecological communities listed on the EPBC Act can be found at http://www. environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/index.html

Known or EPBC Act Predicted TSC Act Statusa Statusb occurrence in Murray CMA F = final F = plan made or Management recovery plan adopted K = known Stream Dr = draft P = plan in Pr = predicted see Appendix Scientific name Common name recovery plan preparation M = migratory 5.2 TERRESTRIAL FAUNA Anseranas semipalmata Magpie Goose Vulnerable - K Landscape Anthochaera phrygia Regent Honeyeater Critically Endangered F K Iconic Endangered Aprasia parapulchella Pink-tailed Worm-lizard Vulnerable Vulnerable P K Landscape Ardeotis australis Australian Bustard Endangered - K Landscape Botaurus poiciloptilus Australasian Bittern Vulnerable Endangered K Site Burhinus grallarius Bush Stone-curlew Endangered F - K Iconic Burramys parvus Mountain Pygmy-possum Endangered F Endangered P K Iconic Cacatua leadbeateri Pink Cockatoo Vulnerable - K Landscape Calidris ferruginea Curlew Sandpiper Endangered M Partnership Preliminary Callocephalon fimbriatum Gang-gang Cockatoo Vulnerable - K Landscape Calyptorhynchus lathami Glossy Black-cockatoo Vulnerable - K Site

102 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Known or EPBC Act Predicted TSC Act Statusa Statusb occurrence in Murray CMA F = final F = plan made or Management recovery plan adopted K = known Stream Dr = draft P = plan in Pr = predicted see Appendix Scientific name Common name recovery plan preparation M = migratory 5.2 TERRESTRIAL FAUNA Cercartetus nanus Eastern Pygmy-possum Vulnerable - K Landscape Certhionyx variegatus Pied Honeyeater Vulnerable - K Landscape Chalinolobus picatus Little Pied Bat Vulnerable - K Landscape Cinclosoma castanotus Chestnut Quail-thrush Vulnerable - K Landscape Circus assimilis Spotted Harrier Vulnerable - K Landscape Climacteris picumnus Brown Treecreeper Vulnerable - K Landscape victoriae (eastern subspecies) Crinia sloanei Sloane’s Froglet Vulnerable - K Site Daphoenositta chrysoptera Varied Sittella Vulnerable - K Landscape Dasyurus maculatus Spotted-tailed Quoll Vulnerable Endangered P K Landscape Delma impar Striped Legless Lizard Vulnerable Vulnerable Pr Landscape Epthianura albifrons White-fronted Chat Vulnerable - K Landscape Falco hypoleucos Grey Falcon Vulnerable - K Landscape Falsistrellus tasmaniensis Eastern False Pipistrelle Vulnerable - K Landscape Glossopsitta porphyrocephala Purple-crowned Lorikeet Vulnerable - K Partnership Glossopsitta minor Little Lorikeet Vulnerable - K Landscape Grantiella picta Painted Honeyeater Vulnerable - K Landscape Grus rubicunda Brolga Vulnerable - K Site Hamirostra melanosternon Black-breasted Buzzard Vulnerable - Pr Landscape Hieraaetus morphnoides Little Eagle Vulnerable - K Landscape Lathamus discolor Swift Parrot Endangered Endangered F K Site Litoria booroolongensis Booroolong Frogc Endangered Endangered P K Iconic Limosa limosa Black-tailed Godwit Vulnerable - K Partnership Litoria raniformis Southern Bell Frog Endangered Dr Vulnerable F K Site Litoria spenceri Spotted Tree Frog Endangered K Endangered F K Site Litoria verreauxii alpina Alpine Tree Frog Endangered Vulnerable P K Landscape Lophoictinia isura Square-tailed Kite Vulnerable - K Landscape Mastacomys fuscus Broad-toothed Rat Vulnerable - K Site Melanodryas cucullata Hooded Robin (south- Vulnerable - K Landscape cucullata eastern form) Melithreptus gularis gularis Black-chinned Honeyeater Vulnerable - K Landscape (eastern subsp.) Miniopterus schreibersii Eastern Bentwing-bat Vulnerable - K Site oceanensis Myotis macropus (formerly Large-footed Myotis Vulnerable - K Landscape Myotis adversus) Neophema pulchella Turquoise Parrot Vulnerable - K Landscape Ninox connivens Barking Owl Vulnerable Dr - K Landscape

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 103 Known or EPBC Act Predicted TSC Act Statusa Statusb occurrence in Murray CMA F = final F = plan made or Management recovery plan adopted K = known Stream Dr = draft P = plan in Pr = predicted see Appendix Scientific name Common name recovery plan preparation M = migratory 5.2 TERRESTRIAL FAUNA Ninox strenua Powerful Owl Vulnerable F - K Landscape Nyctophilus corbeni Greater Long-eared Bat Vulnerable Vulnerable Pr Landscape (south eastern form) Oxyura australis Blue-billed Duck Vulnerable - K Landscape Pachycephala inornata Gilbert’s Whistler Vulnerable - K Landscape Pachycephala olivacea Olive Whistler Vulnerable - K Landscape Pedionomus torquatus Plains-wanderer Endangered Dr Vulnerable P K Site Petaurus australis Yellow-bellied Glider Vulnerable F - K Landscape Petaurus australis - Yellow-bellied glider Endangered - K Site endangered population endangered population on Population the Bago Plateau Petaurus norfolcensis Squirrel Gliderc Vulnerable - K Iconic Petroica boodang Scarlet Robin Vulnerable - K Landscape Petroica phoenicea Flame Robin Vulnerable - K Landscape Petroica rodinogaster Pink Robin Vulnerable - K Landscape Phascogale tapoatafa Brush-tailed Phascogale Vulnerable - K Landscape Phascolarctos cinereus Koala Vulnerable F - K Landscape Polytelis anthopeplus Regent Parrot (eastern Endangered Vulnerable F K Landscape monarchoides subsp.) Polytelis swainsonii Superb Parrotc Vulnerable Vulnerable F K Iconic Pomatostomus temporalis Grey-crowned Babbler Vulnerable - K Landscape temporalis (eastern subspecies) Pseudomys fumeus Smoky Mouse Endangered Endangered F K Site Pseudophryne corroboree Southern Corroboree Frog Critically F Endangered F K Iconic Endangered Pyrrholaemus saggitatus Speckled Warbler Vulnerable - K Landscape Rostratula benghalensis Painted Snipe Endangered Vulnerable K Site Saccolaimus flaviventris Yellow-bellied Sheathtail- Vulnerable - K Landscape bat Stagonopleura guttata Diamond Firetail Vulnerable - K Landscape Stictonetta naevosa Freckled Duck Vulnerable - K Landscape Tyto novaehollandiae Masked Owl Vulnerable F - K Landscape Tyto tenebricosa Sooty Owl Vulnerable F - K Landscape Varanus rosenbergi Rosenberg’s Goanna Vulnerable - K Landscape

a Descriptions and links to Recovery Plans for threatened aquatic species and ecological communities can be found at http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/threatenedspecies/ b Descriptions and links to Recovery Plans for threatened species and ecological communities listed on the EPBC Act can be found at http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/index.html c This species is regionally iconic and not listed as ‘iconic’ under the state-wide PAS2 program.

104 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Known or EPBC Act Predicted FM Act Statusa Statusb occurrence in Murray CMA F = final F = plan made or Management recovery plan adopted K = known Stream Dr = draft P = plan in Pr = predicted see Appendix Scientific name Common name recovery plan preparation M = migratory 5.2 AQUATIC FAUNA Craterocephalus fluviatilis Murray Hardyhead Critically Vulnerable F K - Endangered Maccullochella Trout Cod Endangered F Endangered F K - macquariensis Notopala sublineata River Snail Endangered F - K - Bidyanus bidyanus Silver Perch Vulnerable F - K - Macquaria australasica Macquarie Perch Endangered Endangered P K - Nannoperca australis Southern Pygmy-perch Endangered - K - Galaxias rostratus Flathead galaxias Critically - K - Endangered Tandanus tandanus Murray-Darling Basin Endangered - K - population of Eel-tailed population Catfish Mogurnda adspersa Southern Purple-spotted Endangered - K - Gudgeon Ambassis agassizii Western population of Endangered - K - Olive Perchlet population Maccullochella peelii peelii Murray Cod - Endangered F K -

AQUATIC ENDANGERED ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES Murray River EEC Murray River EEC Endangered - K - a Descriptions and links to Recovery Plans for threatened aquatic species and ecological communities can be found at http://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/fisheries/ species-protection/conservation/what-current#CES b Descriptions and links to Recovery Plans for threatened species and ecological communities listed on the EPBC Act can be found at http://www. environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/index.html

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 105 TSC Act Statusa Known or Predicted Scientific name F = final EPBC Act occurrence in recovery Status Management Murray CMA TSC Act and EPBC Acts use different plan F = plan made Stream K = known names to describe EECs, however they Dr = draft or adopted Currently are often describing similar ecological recovery P = plan in Pr = predicted not applied communities Common name plan preparation M = migratory to EECs TERRESTRIAL ENDANGERED ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES Allocasuarina luehmannii Woodland Buloke Woodland Endangered - K n/a in the Riverina and Murray-Darling Depression bioregions

associated Buloke Woodlands of the Riverina and - Endangered F K n/a Murray-Darling Depression Bioregions Inland Grey Box Woodland in the Inland Grey Box Endangered - K n/a Riverina; NSW South Western Slopes; Woodland Cobar Peneplain; Nandewar and Brigalow Belt South Bioregions Grey Box (Eucalyptus microcarpa) - Endangered P K n/a associated Grassy Woodlands and Derived Native Grasslands of South-eastern Australia Montane Peatlands and Swamps of Montane Peatlands Endangered - K n/a the New England Tableland; NSW and Swamps North Coast; Sydney Basin; South East Corner; South Eastern Highlands and Australian Alps

associated Alpine Sphagnum Bogs and Associated Alpine Sphagnum - Endangered P K n/a Fens Bogs and Associated Fens Myall Woodland in the Darling Myall Woodland in Endangered - K n/a Riverine Plains; Brigalow Belt the Darling Riverine Plains; Brigalow Belt associated Weeping Myall Woodlands - Endangered P K n/a White Box Yellow Box Blakely’s Red Box-Gum Woodland Endangered - K n/a Gum Woodland White Box-Yellow Box-Blakely’s Red - Critically P K n/a Gum Grassy Woodland and Derived Endangered associated Native Grassland Acacia melvillei EEC Acacia melvillei Endangered - K n/a EEC Sandhill Pine Woodland EEC Sandhill Pine Endangered - K n/a Woodland EEC Tablelands Snow Gum; Black Sallee; Tablelands Snow Endangered - K n/a Candlebark and Ribbon Gum Grassy Gum; Black Sallee; Woodland in the South Eastern Highlands; Candlebark and Sydney Basin; South East Corner and NSW Ribbon Gum Grassy South Western Slopes Bioregions Woodland Natural Temperate Grasslands of the Southern - Endangered F K n/a Tablelands (NSW and ACT) Natural grasslands of the Murray valley - Critically K n/a plains Endangered

a Descriptions and links to Recovery Plans for threatened aquatic species and ecological communities can be found at http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/ threatenedspecies/ b Descriptions and links to Recovery Plans for threatened species and ecological communities listed on the EPBC Act can be found at http://www. environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/index.html

106 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012

Data management and review and management Data

8 Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

1 Disease and pathogens and Disease

plan

Prepare/review single species recovery recovery species single Prepare/review 1 1

guidelines/regulations

Develop and implement protocols/ implement and Develop 1 9 8

abatement program abatement

Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate 3

10 Other action Other

1 1

extension/communication/involvement

Stakeholder awareness /education / /education awareness Stakeholder 2 9 8 Conservation Stocking Conservation

4 5 7

collection/propagation

Captive Husbandry or ex-situ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive 5 1

Monitoring

1 6 7 Research

6 9

13 Habitat Management: Other Management: Habitat

3 1

(e.g. Fencing/Signage) (e.g.

Habitat management: Site Protection Protection Site management: Habitat 1 1 Habitat Management: fire Management: Habitat

management

Habitat Management: flow flow Management: Habitat 2 1 1

quality

Habitat Management: Salinity/water Salinity/water Management: Habitat 3 2 Habitat Management: under - grazing - under Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: over grazing over Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: pests Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: weeds Management: Habitat

Agreements, POMs, reservation) POMs, Agreements,

Habitat Protection (with Conservation Conservation (with Protection Habitat 1 Survey and mapping and Survey

4 2 5

EPBC Recovery Plan Actions Plan Recovery EPBC

Threat abatement plan preparation plan abatement Threat

1 1

Recovery Plan preparation Plan Recovery

1 1 1 1 1 1

Conservation stocking Conservation

1 1 1

awareness and education and awareness

Community and landholder liaison, liaison, landholder and Community 2 1 1 2 1 1

Fisheries management regulations management Fisheries

1 2 1 1

authorities

Advice to consent and determining determining and consent to Advice 1 1 1

Pest species eradication and control and eradication species Pest

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Restore riparian vegetation riparian Restore

1 1 1 1 1

debris

Protect and re-instate large woody woody large re-instate and Protect 1 1 1 1

Remediate barriers to fish passage fish to barriers Remediate

1 1 1 2 1

Habitat protection Habitat

1 1 1

Monitoring

1 1 1 1 1 1 2

Research

1 1 1 1 1 1

Surveying and mapping and Surveying 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Threatened species, populations and ecological of the NSW Murray species, communities Threatened existing information existing

Management and dissemination of of dissemination and Management 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

PAS Recovery Action Types from Fisheries Fisheries from Types Action Recovery

River SnailRiver sublineata Notopala Silver Perch Bidyanus bidyanus Macquarie Perch Macquaria australasica Southern Pygmy Perch australis Nannoperca Flathead Galaxias Galaxias rostratus Eel-tailed Catfish tandanus Tandanus Purple-spotted Gudgeon Mogurnda adspersa Olive Perchlet Ambassis agassizii Murray Cod peelii peelii Maccullochella COMMUNITIES ECOLOGICAL ENDANGERED AQUATIC EEC Murray River AQUATIC FAUNA FAUNA AQUATIC Murray Hardyhead fluviatilis Craterocephalus Common name Scientific name Trout Cod Trout Maccullochella macquariensis Appendix 5.3 ecological communities Aquatic fauna and endangered catchment: actions includedcatchment: in the NSW Priorities Statement Action 1 and recovery plans

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | Draft for public comment | August 2012 107 Data management and review and management Data

2

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

Disease and pathogens and Disease

Prepare/review single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare/review

2

regulations Develop and implement protocols/guidelines/ implement and Develop

abatement program abatement Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

4

Other action Other

1

communication/involvement Stakeholder awareness /education /extension/ /education awareness Stakeholder

1 1 4

1

Conservation Stocking Conservation

3

propagation Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

2 1

10 Monitoring

1 1 2 3 1

1

Research

3 9

3 1

Habitat Management: Other Management: Habitat

Fencing/Signage) Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

1 2

1

Habitat Management: fire Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: flow management flow Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: Salinity/water quality Salinity/water Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: under - grazing - under Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: over grazing over Management: Habitat

1 Habitat Management: pests Management: Habitat

1 1

Habitat Management: weeds Management: Habitat

1 1

1 1 Agreements, POMs, reservation) POMs, Agreements, Habitat Protection (with Conservation Conservation (with Protection Habitat

1 1

2 2 Survey and mapping and Survey

3 1 1 1 3

3 4

EPBC Recovery Plan Actions Plan Recovery EPBC

Utilisation (direct take) (direct Utilisation

Undertake control actions control Undertake

Translocation and/or reintroduction and/or Translocation

1

Survey/Mapping and Habitat assessment Habitat and Survey/Mapping

1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 5

1

Review evidence of impacts of evidence Review

and policies and

Review and amend or adopt existing legislation legislation existing adopt or amend and Review

Research

1 1 2 1 1 4

2

Prioritise control actions control Prioritise

Prepare TAP Prepare

Prepare Statement of Intent of Statement Prepare

Prepare single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare

Prepare regional recovery plan recovery regional Prepare

Prepare MS recovery plan recovery MS Prepare

Other Action Other

1

Monitoring

1 1 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3

Measure response to control to response Measure

Indigenous liaison and/or interpretation and/or liaison Indigenous

Regeneration

Habitat Rehabilitation/Restoration and/or and/or Rehabilitation/Restoration Habitat

1 1

habitat nomination etc) nomination habitat

Habitat Protection (inc vca/ jma/ critical critical jma/ vca/ (inc Protection Habitat

1 1 1 2

Habitat management: Weed Control Weed management: Habitat

1 1 2 1 1

Habitat management: Water management: Habitat

Fencing/Signage)

Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1

Habitat management: Other management: Habitat

1 1

to consent and planning authorities planning and consent to

Habitat management: Ongoing EIA - Advice Advice - EIA Ongoing management: Habitat

1 1 1

Habitat management: Grazing management: Habitat

1

Habitat management: Fire management: Habitat

1 1

Habitat management: Feral Control Feral management: Habitat

1 1

authorities CMAs and land managers/owners land and CMAs authorities

Establish management agreements with public public with agreements management Establish

Disease and pathogens and Disease

guidelines

Develop and implement protocols and and protocols implement and Develop

1

Data recording and storage and recording Data

abatement program abatement

Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

1

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

1 1

awareness and/or education and/or awareness

Community and land-holder liaison/ liaison/ land-holder and Community

3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

propagation

Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

2 1 2 2 2 3 2 2 2

strategies

Assess threats and determine recovery recovery determine and threats Assess

2 3

Recovery Action Types from PAS 1 PAS from Types Action Recovery

Common name Scientific name Phantom Wattle Acacia phasmoides Swamp Wallaby-grass Amphibromus fluitans A Spear-grass Austrostipa metatoris A Spear-grass Austrostipa wakoolica Claypan Daisy muelleroides Brachyscome Mossgiel Daisy papillosa Brachyscome Sand-hill Spider Orchid Caladenia arenaria Crimson Spider Orchid Caladenia concolor Water- Western starwort Callitriche cyclocarpa Raleigh Sedge Carex raleighii Small Scurf-pea Cullen parvum Oaklands Diuris (Oaklands; Diuris sp. Jones 5380) D.L. Gum Boland Yellow Eucalyptus leucoxylon Pruinosa subsp. Shining Cudweed nitidulus Euchiton Clover Glycine latrobeana Glycine FLORA Flora

108 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | Draft for public comment | August 2012 Data management and review and management Data

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

1 Disease and pathogens and Disease

Prepare/review single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare/review

regulations Develop and implement protocols/guidelines/ implement and Develop

1

abatement program abatement Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

Other action Other

communication/involvement Stakeholder awareness /education /extension/ /education awareness Stakeholder

2

1 1

Conservation Stocking Conservation

propagation Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

1

3 1

Monitoring

1

1 2

Research

2 3

3

Habitat Management: Other Management: Habitat

1

Fencing/Signage) Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

1

1 1

Habitat Management: fire Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: flow management flow Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: Salinity/water quality Salinity/water Management: Habitat

1

Habitat Management: under - grazing - under Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: over grazing over Management: Habitat

1

Habitat Management: pests Management: Habitat

1

Habitat Management: weeds Management: Habitat

1

Agreements, POMs, reservation) POMs, Agreements, Habitat Protection (with Conservation Conservation (with Protection Habitat

2

2

Survey and mapping and Survey

3

1 2 1 1

EPBC Recovery Plan Actions Plan Recovery EPBC

Utilisation (direct take) (direct Utilisation

Undertake control actions control Undertake

Translocation and/or reintroduction and/or Translocation

Survey/Mapping and Habitat assessment Habitat and Survey/Mapping

1 1 1 3 3 2 1 1

2 1 1 1 1

Review evidence of impacts of evidence Review

and policies and

Review and amend or adopt existing legislation legislation existing adopt or amend and Review

Research

1 2 1 1 2 1

1

Prioritise control actions control Prioritise

Prepare TAP Prepare

Prepare Statement of Intent of Statement Prepare

Prepare single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare

Prepare regional recovery plan recovery regional Prepare

Prepare MS recovery plan recovery MS Prepare

Other Action Other

1

Monitoring

1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1

1 1

Measure response to control to response Measure

Indigenous liaison and/or interpretation and/or liaison Indigenous

1

Regeneration

Habitat Rehabilitation/Restoration and/or and/or Rehabilitation/Restoration Habitat

1 1 1

habitat nomination etc) nomination habitat

Habitat Protection (inc vca/ jma/ critical critical jma/ vca/ (inc Protection Habitat

1 1 1 1

1

Habitat management: Weed Control Weed management: Habitat

1 2 1 1 1

Habitat management: Water management: Habitat

Fencing/Signage)

Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

1 1 1 3 1 1 1

Habitat management: Other management: Habitat

1 1

to consent and planning authorities planning and consent to

Habitat management: Ongoing EIA - Advice Advice - EIA Ongoing management: Habitat

1 1 1 1 1 1

Habitat management: Grazing management: Habitat

1 1

Habitat management: Fire management: Habitat

1 1

Habitat management: Feral Control Feral management: Habitat

1

authorities CMAs and land managers/owners land and CMAs authorities

Establish management agreements with public public with agreements management Establish

1

Disease and pathogens and Disease

guidelines

Develop and implement protocols and and protocols implement and Develop

2 1

Data recording and storage and recording Data

abatement program abatement

Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

awareness and/or education and/or awareness

Community and land-holder liaison/ liaison/ land-holder and Community

2 1 1

propagation

Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

2 4 1 1

strategies

Assess threats and determine recovery recovery determine and threats Assess

1 1 1

Recovery Action Types from PAS 1 PAS from Types Action Recovery

A terrestrial Leek- orchid Prasophyllum ‘Moama’ Common name Scientific name Square Raspwort subsp. exalata Haloragis exalata Cress Elusive Irenepharsus magicus Winged Pepper-cress Lepidium monoplocoides An annual herb orientalis Leptorhynchos Chariot Wheels Maireana cheelii PillwortAustral Pilularia novae- hollandiae Leek-orchidBago bagoensis Prasophyllum A terrestrial Leek- orchid Prasophyllum innubum Lowly Greenhood Pterostylis despectans Grass Feldmark Rytidosperma pumilum Bitter Quandong murrayanum Santalum Kelton’s Leek-orchid Kelton’s Prasophyllum keltonii FLORA Blue-tongued Greenhood Pterostylis oreophila Dwarf Bush-pea Pultenaea humilis Anenome Buttercup Ranunculus anemoneus

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | Draft for public comment | August 2012 109 Data management and review and management Data

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

Disease and pathogens and Disease

Prepare/review single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare/review

regulations Develop and implement protocols/guidelines/ implement and Develop

abatement program abatement Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

Other action Other

communication/involvement Stakeholder awareness /education /extension/ /education awareness Stakeholder

1 1

Conservation Stocking Conservation

propagation Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

1 2

Monitoring

1 3

Research

3 4

Habitat Management: Other Management: Habitat

Fencing/Signage) Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

1 1

Habitat Management: fire Management: Habitat

1

Habitat Management: flow management flow Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: Salinity/water quality Salinity/water Management: Habitat

1

Habitat Management: under - grazing - under Management: Habitat

1 1

Habitat Management: over grazing over Management: Habitat

1

Habitat Management: pests Management: Habitat

1

Habitat Management: weeds Management: Habitat

1

Agreements, POMs, reservation) POMs, Agreements, Habitat Protection (with Conservation Conservation (with Protection Habitat

2 6

Survey and mapping and Survey

3 6

EPBC Recovery Plan Actions Plan Recovery EPBC

Utilisation (direct take) (direct Utilisation

Undertake control actions control Undertake

Translocation and/or reintroduction and/or Translocation

1

Survey/Mapping and Habitat assessment Habitat and Survey/Mapping

1 1 1 1 1

Review evidence of impacts of evidence Review

and policies and

Review and amend or adopt existing legislation legislation existing adopt or amend and Review

Research

1 2 3 1

Prioritise control actions control Prioritise

Prepare TAP Prepare

Prepare Statement of Intent of Statement Prepare

Prepare single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare

1 1

Prepare regional recovery plan recovery regional Prepare

Prepare MS recovery plan recovery MS Prepare

Other Action Other

Monitoring

1 1 1 1 1 2

Measure response to control to response Measure

Indigenous liaison and/or interpretation and/or liaison Indigenous

1

Regeneration

Habitat Rehabilitation/Restoration and/or and/or Rehabilitation/Restoration Habitat

1

habitat nomination etc) nomination habitat

Habitat Protection (inc vca/ jma/ critical critical jma/ vca/ (inc Protection Habitat

1 1 1

Habitat management: Weed Control Weed management: Habitat

1 2 1

Habitat management: Water management: Habitat

Fencing/Signage)

Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

1 1 1

Habitat management: Other management: Habitat

to consent and planning authorities planning and consent to

Habitat management: Ongoing EIA - Advice Advice - EIA Ongoing management: Habitat

1 1

Habitat management: Grazing management: Habitat

1 1

Habitat management: Fire management: Habitat

1

Habitat management: Feral Control Feral management: Habitat

1

authorities CMAs and land managers/owners land and CMAs authorities

Establish management agreements with public public with agreements management Establish

Disease and pathogens and Disease

guidelines

Develop and implement protocols and and protocols implement and Develop

Data recording and storage and recording Data

abatement program abatement

Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

1

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

1

awareness and/or education and/or awareness

Community and land-holder liaison/ liaison/ land-holder and Community

1 1 1 4

propagation

Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

1 1 1 1

strategies

Assess threats and determine recovery recovery determine and threats Assess

1

Recovery Action Types from PAS 1 PAS from Types Action Recovery Common name Scientific name Copperburr Turnip Sclerolaena napiformis Ragwort Woolly Senecio garlandii Slender Darling Pea Swainsona murrayana Red Darling Pea Swainsona plagiotropis Mountain Swainson- pea Swainsona recta Silky Swainson-pea Swainsona sericea Black-hooded Sun Orchid atronitidaThelymitra Toadflax Austral australe Thesium Round-leafed Wilsonia Wilsonia rotundifolia FLORA

110 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | Draft for public comment | August 2012 Data management and review and management Data

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

Disease and pathogens and Disease

Prepare/review single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare/review

1 regulations Develop and implement protocols/guidelines/ implement and Develop

4 abatement program abatement Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

6 Other action Other

communication/involvement Stakeholder awareness /education /extension/ /education awareness Stakeholder

5 Conservation Stocking Conservation

propagation Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

6 Monitoring

3 Research

4 Habitat Management: Other Management: Habitat

Fencing/Signage) Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

Habitat Management: fire Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: flow management flow Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: Salinity/water quality Salinity/water Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: under - grazing - under Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: over grazing over Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: pests Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: weeds Management: Habitat

Agreements, POMs, reservation) POMs, Agreements, Habitat Protection (with Conservation Conservation (with Protection Habitat

Survey and mapping and Survey

EPBC Recovery Plan Actions Plan Recovery EPBC

Utilisation (direct take) (direct Utilisation

1 1

Undertake control actions control Undertake

Translocation and/or reintroduction and/or Translocation

3

Survey/Mapping and Habitat assessment Habitat and Survey/Mapping

3 1 3 1 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Review evidence of impacts of evidence Review

legislation and policies and legislation

Review and amend or adopt existing existing adopt or amend and Review

Research

8 5 1 2 7 3 2 1 1

13 Prioritise control actions control Prioritise

Prepare TAP Prepare

Prepare Statement of Intent of Statement Prepare

Prepare single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare

1 1

Prepare regional recovery plan recovery regional Prepare

Prepare MS recovery plan recovery MS Prepare

Other Action Other

1 1

Monitoring

1 1 4 1 1 6 1 1 1 2 1

Measure response to control to response Measure

Indigenous liaison and/or interpretation and/or liaison Indigenous

1

Regeneration

Habitat Rehabilitation/Restoration and/or and/or Rehabilitation/Restoration Habitat

2 1 1 1 1

habitat nomination etc) nomination habitat

Habitat Protection (inc vca/ jma/ critical critical jma/ vca/ (inc Protection Habitat

2 3 1 2 2 1 1 1 2

Habitat management: Weed Control Weed management: Habitat

1 1

Habitat management: Water management: Habitat

1

Fencing/Signage)

Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

1 2 1 2 1 1

Habitat management: Other management: Habitat

1 4 3

to consent and planning authorities planning and consent to

Habitat management: Ongoing EIA - Advice Advice - EIA Ongoing management: Habitat

1 1 2 3 1 3 1 1 6

Habitat management: Grazing management: Habitat

Habitat management: Fire management: Habitat

1 1 1 2 1 1

Habitat management: Feral Control Feral management: Habitat

1 1 1 3 2 1 1

authorities CMAs and land managers/owners land and CMAs authorities

Establish management agreements with public public with agreements management Establish

1

Disease and pathogens and Disease

1

guidelines

Develop and implement protocols and and protocols implement and Develop

1 1

Data recording and storage and recording Data

abatement program abatement

Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

1 2

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

1

awareness and/or education and/or awareness

Community and land-holder liaison/ liaison/ land-holder and Community

5 7 4 5 7 2 1 2 1 1 3 1

propagation

Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

5 1

strategies

Assess threats and determine recovery recovery determine and threats Assess

1

Recovery Action Types from PAS 1 PAS from Types Action Recovery Common name Scientific name FAUNA Magpie Goose semipalmata Anseranas Honeyeater Regent phrygia Anthochaera Pink-tailed Worm- lizard parapulchella Aprasia Bustard Australian Ardeotis australis BitternAustralasian poiciloptilus Botaurus Bush Stone-curlew Burhinus grallarius Mountain Pygmy- possum Burramys parvus Pink Cockatoo Cacatua leadbeateri Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea Gang-gang Cockatoo Callocephalon fimbriatum Glossy Black Cockatoo lathami Calyptorhynchus Eastern Pygmy- possum Cercartetus nanus Pied Honeyeater Certhionyx variegatus Little Pied Bat picatusChalinolobus Chestnut Quail- thrush Cinclosoma castanotus Terrestrial Fauna Terrestrial

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | Draft for public comment | August 2012 111 Data management and review and management Data

1

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

Disease and pathogens and Disease Prepare/review single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare/review

1 regulations Develop and implement protocols/guidelines/ implement and Develop

2 abatement program abatement Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

1

Other action Other

communication/involvement Stakeholder awareness /education /extension/ /education awareness Stakeholder

5 Conservation Stocking Conservation

1 propagation Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

8 Monitoring

1 Research

14

Habitat Management: Other Management: Habitat

Fencing/Signage)

Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

Habitat Management: fire Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: flow management flow Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: Salinity/water quality Salinity/water Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: under - grazing - under Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: over grazing over Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: pests Management: Habitat Habitat Management: weeds Management: Habitat

1 Agreements, POMs, reservation) POMs, Agreements, Habitat Protection (with Conservation Conservation (with Protection Habitat

2 Survey and mapping and Survey

5

EPBC Recovery Plan Actions Plan Recovery EPBC

Utilisation (direct take) (direct Utilisation

1

Undertake control actions control Undertake

Translocation and/or reintroduction and/or Translocation

Survey/Mapping and Habitat assessment Habitat and Survey/Mapping

2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 2 1 2

Review evidence of impacts of evidence Review

legislation and policies and legislation

Review and amend or adopt existing existing adopt or amend and Review

Research

1 1 1 2

10 10 Prioritise control actions control Prioritise

Prepare TAP Prepare

Prepare Statement of Intent of Statement Prepare

Prepare single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare

Prepare regional recovery plan recovery regional Prepare

Prepare MS recovery plan recovery MS Prepare

Other Action Other

Monitoring

4 1 1 1 1 2

Measure response to control to response Measure

Indigenous liaison and/or interpretation and/or liaison Indigenous

2 1 1

Regeneration

Habitat Rehabilitation/Restoration and/or and/or Rehabilitation/Restoration Habitat

1 1 1 2 1 3

habitat nomination etc) nomination habitat

Habitat Protection (inc vca/ jma/ critical critical jma/ vca/ (inc Protection Habitat

1 2 1 1 1

Habitat management: Weed Control Weed management: Habitat

1

Habitat management: Water management: Habitat

1 1 1 1

Fencing/Signage)

Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

1 2 1 1 1 2 1

Habitat management: Other management: Habitat

1 1 2 1

to consent and planning authorities planning and consent to

Habitat management: Ongoing EIA - Advice Advice - EIA Ongoing management: Habitat

1 3 1 1 1

Habitat management: Grazing management: Habitat

1 1 1

Habitat management: Fire management: Habitat

1

Habitat management: Feral Control Feral management: Habitat

1 1

authorities CMAs and land managers/owners land and CMAs authorities

Establish management agreements with public public with agreements management Establish

Disease and pathogens and Disease

1

guidelines

Develop and implement protocols and and protocols implement and Develop

1 1 1

Data recording and storage and recording Data

abatement program abatement

Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

1

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

awareness and/or education and/or awareness

Community and land-holder liaison/ liaison/ land-holder and Community

2 4 2 3 1 1 3 1

propagation

Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

strategies

Assess threats and determine recovery recovery determine and threats Assess

1

Recovery Action Types from PAS 1 PAS from Types Action Recovery Common name Scientific name FAUNA Spotted Harrier Circus assimilis Brown Treecreeper (eastern subspecies) Climacteris picumnus victoriae Froglet Sloane’s Crinia sloanei Sittella Varied Daphoenositta chrysoptera Spotted-tailed Quoll Dasyurus maculates Striped Legless Lizard impar Delma White-fronted Chat albifronsEpthianura Grey Falcon hypoleucos Falco Eastern False Pipistrelle tasmaniensis Falsistrellus Purple-crowned Lorikeet Glossopsitta porphyrocephala Little Lorikeet minor Glossopsitta Brolga Grus rubicunda Black-breasted Buzzard Hamirostra melanosternon Little Eagle Hieraaetus morphnoides Painted Honeyeater Painted picta Grantiella

112 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | Draft for public comment | August 2012 Data management and review and management Data

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

Disease and pathogens and Disease

Prepare/review single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare/review

regulations Develop and implement protocols/guidelines/ implement and Develop

1 3 1 abatement program abatement Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

4 1 Other action Other

1 1 communication/involvement Stakeholder awareness /education /extension/ /education awareness Stakeholder

1 2 3

Conservation Stocking Conservation

propagation Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

1 2 Monitoring

3 1 4 Research

7 6 Habitat Management: Other Management: Habitat

3 Fencing/Signage)

Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat Habitat Management: fire Management: Habitat

1

Habitat Management: flow management flow Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: Salinity/water quality Salinity/water Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: under - grazing - under Management: Habitat Habitat Management: over grazing over Management: Habitat

1

Habitat Management: pests Management: Habitat Habitat Management: weeds Management: Habitat

1 Agreements, POMs, reservation) POMs, Agreements, Habitat Protection (with Conservation Conservation (with Protection Habitat

1 Survey and mapping and Survey

3 1

EPBC Recovery Plan Actions Plan Recovery EPBC

Utilisation (direct take) (direct Utilisation

Undertake control actions control Undertake

Translocation and/or reintroduction and/or Translocation

1 2

Survey/Mapping and Habitat assessment Habitat and Survey/Mapping

1 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 3

Review evidence of impacts of evidence Review

legislation and policies and legislation

Review and amend or adopt existing existing adopt or amend and Review

Research

1 4 1 6 2 6 1 1 8 6

Prioritise control actions control Prioritise

Prepare TAP Prepare

Prepare Statement of Intent of Statement Prepare

Prepare single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare

1 1

Prepare regional recovery plan recovery regional Prepare

Prepare MS recovery plan recovery MS Prepare

1

Other Action Other

2 1 1

Monitoring

2 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 4

Measure response to control to response Measure

Indigenous liaison and/or interpretation and/or liaison Indigenous

1 1 1

Regeneration

Habitat Rehabilitation/Restoration and/or and/or Rehabilitation/Restoration Habitat

1 1 1 1 1

habitat nomination etc) nomination habitat

Habitat Protection (inc vca/ jma/ critical critical jma/ vca/ (inc Protection Habitat

1 1 1 2 1 2 1

Habitat management: Weed Control Weed management: Habitat

2 1 1 1

Habitat management: Water management: Habitat

2 1 1

Fencing/Signage)

Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

1 1 4 2

Habitat management: Other management: Habitat

4 1 1 2 2 1 2

to consent and planning authorities planning and consent to

Habitat management: Ongoing EIA - Advice Advice - EIA Ongoing management: Habitat

1 1 4

Habitat management: Grazing management: Habitat

1

Habitat management: Fire management: Habitat

1 3 2

Habitat management: Feral Control Feral management: Habitat

1 1 1 2 1 2

authorities CMAs and land managers/owners land and CMAs authorities

Establish management agreements with public public with agreements management Establish

Disease and pathogens and Disease

1 1 1 1

guidelines

Develop and implement protocols and and protocols implement and Develop

1 1

Data recording and storage and recording Data

1

abatement program abatement

Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

2 2 1 2

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

1 1

awareness and/or education and/or awareness

Community and land-holder liaison/ liaison/ land-holder and Community

1 2 1 2 1 2 4 1 1 1 3 4 5

propagation

Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

2

strategies

Assess threats and determine recovery recovery determine and threats Assess

Recovery Action Types from PAS 1 PAS from Types Action Recovery Spotted Tree Frog Spotted Tree spenceri Litoria Common name Scientific name FAUNA Swift Parrot Lathamus discolor Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa Frog Booroolong booroolongensis Litoria Southern Bell Frog raniformis Litoria Frog Alpine Tree verreauxiiLitoria alpina Square-tailed Kite isura Lophoictinia Rat Broad-toothed fuscus Mastacomys Hooded Robin Melanodryas cucullata cucullata Black-chinned Honeyeater Melithreptus gularis gularis Eastern Bentwing-bat Miniopterus schreibersii oceanensis Large-footed Myotis macropus Myotis ( formerly Myotis adversus) Parrot Turquoise pulchella Neophema Barking Owl connivens Ninox Powerful OwlPowerful strenuaNinox

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | Draft for public comment | August 2012 113

Data management and review and management Data

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

Disease and pathogens and Disease

Prepare/review single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare/review

regulations

Develop and implement protocols/guidelines/ implement and Develop

abatement program abatement

Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

Other action Other

communication/involvement

Stakeholder awareness /education /extension/ /education awareness Stakeholder

Conservation Stocking Conservation

propagation

Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

Monitoring

Research

Habitat Management: Other Management: Habitat

Fencing/Signage)

Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

Habitat Management: fire Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: flow management flow Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: Salinity/water quality Salinity/water Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: under - grazing - under Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: over grazing over Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: pests Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: weeds Management: Habitat

Agreements, POMs, reservation) POMs, Agreements,

Habitat Protection (with Conservation Conservation (with Protection Habitat

Survey and mapping and Survey

EPBC Recovery Plan Actions Plan Recovery EPBC

Utilisation (direct take) (direct Utilisation

1

Undertake control actions control Undertake

Translocation and/or reintroduction and/or Translocation

1

Survey/Mapping and Habitat assessment Habitat and Survey/Mapping

4 3 4 1 1 2 4 1 2 1

Review evidence of impacts of evidence Review

legislation and policies and legislation

Review and amend or adopt existing existing adopt or amend and Review

Research

4 1 1 1 2 3 1

10 Prioritise control actions control Prioritise

Prepare TAP Prepare

Prepare Statement of Intent of Statement Prepare

Prepare single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare

1 1

Prepare regional recovery plan recovery regional Prepare

Prepare MS recovery plan recovery MS Prepare

Other Action Other

1 1

Monitoring

2 1 1 2 2 1 1 1

Measure response to control to response Measure

Indigenous liaison and/or interpretation and/or liaison Indigenous

Regeneration

Habitat Rehabilitation/Restoration and/or and/or Rehabilitation/Restoration Habitat

2 2 2 1 1 1

habitat nomination etc) nomination habitat

Habitat Protection (inc vca/ jma/ critical critical jma/ vca/ (inc Protection Habitat

1 1 2

Habitat management: Weed Control Weed management: Habitat

1 1

Habitat management: Water management: Habitat

Fencing/Signage)

Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

1 3 3 3 2 1 2

Habitat management: Other management: Habitat

2 4 1 1

to consent and planning authorities planning and consent to

Habitat management: Ongoing EIA - Advice Advice - EIA Ongoing management: Habitat

1 1 1 3 4 1 1 3 5

Habitat management: Grazing management: Habitat

1

Habitat management: Fire management: Habitat

2 1 1 1 1 1 1

Habitat management: Feral Control Feral management: Habitat

1 1 4 1 1 1

authorities CMAs and land managers/owners land and CMAs authorities

Establish management agreements with public public with agreements management Establish

3

Disease and pathogens and Disease

guidelines

Develop and implement protocols and and protocols implement and Develop

1

Data recording and storage and recording Data

1

abatement program abatement

Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

2 1 1

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

awareness and/or education and/or awareness

Community and land-holder liaison/ liaison/ land-holder and Community

1 1 1 4 2 1 6 2 5

propagation

Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

2 1

strategies

Assess threats and determine recovery recovery determine and threats Assess

Recovery Action Types from PAS 1 PAS from Types Action Recovery Common name Scientific name FAUNA Greater Long-earedGreater Bat (south eastern form) corbeni Nyctophilus Blue-billed Duck australis Oxyura Gilbert’s Whistler inornata Pachycephala Olive Whistler olivacea Pachycephala Plains-wanderer torquatus Pedionomus Glider Yellow-bellied australis Petaurus Yellow-bellied Glider endangered population on the PlateauBago - australis Petaurus endangered population Squirrel Glider norfolcensisPetaurus Scarlet Robin boodang Petroica Flame Robin Petroica phoenicea Pink Robin Petroica rodinogaster Brush-tailed Phascogale tapoatafa Phascogale Koala cinereus Phascolarctos Parrot Regent anthopeplus Polytelis monarchoides Superb Parrot swainsonii Polytelis

114 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | Draft for public comment | August 2012 Data management and review and management Data

2

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

Disease and pathogens and Disease

Prepare/review single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare/review

regulations Develop and implement protocols/guidelines/ implement and Develop

3

abatement program abatement Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

1

Other action Other

communication/involvement Stakeholder awareness /education /extension/ /education awareness Stakeholder

1

Conservation Stocking Conservation

propagation Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

1 4 Monitoring

2 1 Research

2 3 Habitat Management: Other Management: Habitat

1

Fencing/Signage) Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

1

Habitat Management: fire Management: Habitat

3 1 Habitat Management: flow management flow Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: Salinity/water quality Salinity/water Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: under - grazing - under Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: over grazing over Management: Habitat

1

Habitat Management: pests Management: Habitat

2 1 Habitat Management: weeds Management: Habitat

Agreements, POMs, reservation) POMs, Agreements, Habitat Protection (with Conservation Conservation (with Protection Habitat

Survey and mapping and Survey

5

EPBC Recovery Plan Actions Plan Recovery EPBC

Utilisation (direct take) (direct Utilisation

Undertake control actions control Undertake

Translocation and/or reintroduction and/or Translocation

1

Survey/Mapping and Habitat assessment Habitat and Survey/Mapping

3 4 4 1 1 1 2 1

Review evidence of impacts of evidence Review

legislation and policies and legislation

Review and amend or adopt existing existing adopt or amend and Review

Research

1 1 4 4 1 1 1 1 2

12 Prioritise control actions control Prioritise

Prepare TAP Prepare

Prepare Statement of Intent of Statement Prepare

Prepare single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare

Prepare regional recovery plan recovery regional Prepare

Prepare MS recovery plan recovery MS Prepare

1 1

Other Action Other

Monitoring

1 1 1 3 4 1

Measure response to control to response Measure

Indigenous liaison and/or interpretation and/or liaison Indigenous

1 1

Regeneration

Habitat Rehabilitation/Restoration and/or and/or Rehabilitation/Restoration Habitat

2 2 1

habitat nomination etc) nomination habitat

Habitat Protection (inc vca/ jma/ critical critical jma/ vca/ (inc Protection Habitat

2 1 1 1 1 1

Habitat management: Weed Control Weed management: Habitat

Habitat management: Water management: Habitat

Fencing/Signage)

Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

1 1 1

Habitat management: Other management: Habitat

1 2 2 2

to consent and planning authorities planning and consent to

Habitat management: Ongoing EIA - Advice Advice - EIA Ongoing management: Habitat

1 1 4 3

Habitat management: Grazing management: Habitat

Habitat management: Fire management: Habitat

3 1

Habitat management: Feral Control Feral management: Habitat

1 2

authorities CMAs and land managers/owners land and CMAs authorities

Establish management agreements with public public with agreements management Establish

Disease and pathogens and Disease

guidelines

Develop and implement protocols and and protocols implement and Develop

1 1

Data recording and storage and recording Data

abatement program abatement

Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

1

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

1 1

awareness and/or education and/or awareness

Community and land-holder liaison/ liaison/ land-holder and Community

1 1 1 2 3 1 5 7 1

propagation

Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

1

strategies

Assess threats and determine recovery recovery determine and threats Assess

Recovery Action Types from PAS 1 PAS from Types Action Recovery Common name Scientific name FAUNA Grey-crowned Babbler Grey-crowned temporalis Pomatostomus temporalis Smoky Mouse Pseudomys fumeus Southern Corroboree Frog Pseudophryne corroboree Speckled Warbler Pyrrholaemus saggitatus Snipe Painted benghalensis Rostratula Yellow-bellied Sheathtail-bat Saccolaimus flaviventris Diamond Firetail guttata Stagonopleura Duck Freckled naevosa Stictonetta Masked Owl novaehollandiae Tyto Sooty Owl tenebricosa Tyto Goanna Rosenberg’s rosenbergi Varanus

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | Draft for public comment | August 2012 115 Data management and review and management Data

2 1 Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

Disease and pathogens and Disease

Prepare/review single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare/review

1 regulations Develop and implement protocols/guidelines/ implement and Develop

4 3 abatement program abatement Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

Other action Other

communication/involvement Stakeholder awareness /education /extension/ /education awareness Stakeholder

8 2 Conservation Stocking Conservation

propagation Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

Monitoring

2 2 Research

3 2 Habitat Management: Other Management: Habitat

2 Fencing/Signage) Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

2 Habitat Management: fire Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: flow management flow Management: Habitat

1 Habitat Management: Salinity/water quality Salinity/water Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: under - grazing - under Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: over grazing over Management: Habitat

3 Habitat Management: pests Management: Habitat

Habitat Management: weeds Management: Habitat

1 1 Agreements, POMs, reservation) POMs, Agreements, Habitat Protection (with Conservation Conservation (with Protection Habitat

5 4 Survey and mapping and Survey

6 3

EPBC Recovery Plan Actions Plan Recovery EPBC

Utilisation (direct take) (direct Utilisation

1

Undertake control actions control Undertake

Translocation and/or reintroduction and/or Translocation

Survey/Mapping and Habitat assessment Habitat and Survey/Mapping

7 2 1 1 1

Review evidence of impacts of evidence Review

legislation and policies and legislation

Review and amend or adopt existing existing adopt or amend and Review

Research

5 1 1

Prioritise control actions control Prioritise

Prepare TAP Prepare

Prepare Statement of Intent of Statement Prepare

Prepare single species recovery plan recovery species single Prepare

Prepare regional recovery plan recovery regional Prepare

Prepare MS recovery plan recovery MS Prepare

Other Action Other

2 1

Monitoring

2 1

Measure response to control to response Measure

Indigenous liaison and/or interpretation and/or liaison Indigenous

Regeneration

Habitat Rehabilitation/Restoration and/or and/or Rehabilitation/Restoration Habitat

1 1 1 1

habitat nomination etc) nomination habitat

Habitat Protection (inc vca/ jma/ critical critical jma/ vca/ (inc Protection Habitat

1 1

Habitat management: Weed Control Weed management: Habitat

2

Habitat management: Water management: Habitat

Fencing/Signage)

Habitat management: Site Protection (e.g. (e.g. Protection Site management: Habitat

1 1 1

Habitat management: Other management: Habitat

1 1 1 1

to consent and planning authorities planning and consent to Habitat management: Ongoing EIA - Advice Advice - EIA Ongoing management: Habitat

1 1 1 1 1

Habitat management: Grazing management: Habitat

2

Habitat management: Fire management: Habitat

1

Habitat management: Feral Control Feral management: Habitat

1

authorities CMAs and land managers/owners land and CMAs authorities Establish management agreements with public public with agreements management Establish

Disease and pathogens and Disease

guidelines Develop and implement protocols and and protocols implement and Develop

1

Data recording and storage and recording Data

abatement program abatement Coordinate the recovery and/or threat threat and/or recovery the Coordinate

Conservation Status Review Status Conservation

awareness and/or education and/or awareness Community and land-holder liaison/ liaison/ land-holder and Community

5 2 3

propagation Captive Husbandry or ex-situ collection/ ex-situ or Husbandry Captive

2

strategies Assess threats and determine recovery recovery determine and threats Assess

1 1 1

Recovery Action Types from PAS 1 PAS from Types Action Recovery Weeping Myall Woodlands Weeping Blakely’s Box WhiteYellow Box Red Gum Woodland Tablelands Snow Gum; Black Snow Gum; Tablelands Candlebark Sallee; and Ribbon in Woodland Gum Grassy the South Eastern Highlands; South East Sydney Basin; Corner and NSW South Slopes Bioregions Western Sandhill Pine Woodland EEC SandhillWoodland Pine Natural Temperate Grasslands of Temperate Natural (NSW Tablelands the Southern and ACT) Myall Woodland in the Darling Woodland Myall BrigalowRiverine Belt Plains; Montane Peatlands and Swamps Peatlands Montane Tableland; England of the New Sydney NSW North Coast; South East Corner; Basin; South Eastern Highlands and Alps Australian Grey Box (Eucalyptus Box Grey microcarpa) Grassy Woodlands Grasslands and Derived Native of South-eastern Australia Woodland Box Inland Grey NSW South in the Riverina; Cobar Slopes; Western and Nandewar Peneplain; Brigalow Belt South Bioregions Alpine Sphagnum Bogs and Associated Fens of the Woodlands Buloke Riverina and Murray-Darling Bioregions Depression Allocasuarina luehmannii in the Riverina and Woodland Murray-Darling Depression bioregions TERRESTRIAL ENDANGERED ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES ECOLOGICAL ENDANGERED TERRESTRIAL melvilleiAcacia EEC Common name White Box-Yellow Box- White Box-Yellow Red GumBlakely’s Grassy and Derived Woodland Grassland Native Terrestrial EECs Terrestrial

116 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | Draft for public comment | August 2012 Appendix 5.4 Migratory bird species of the NSW Murray catchment listed under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (Cwlth) and international conventions and agreements International conventions Scientific name Common name Bonn CAMBA JAMBA ROKAMBA Acrocephalus stentoreus Clamorous Reed- listed – – – Warbler Actitis hypoleucos Common Sandpiper listed – listed – Anthochaera phrygia Regent Honeyeater – – listed – Apus pacificus Fork-tailed Swift – listed listed listed Ardea ibis Cattle Egret – listed – – Ardea modesta Great Egret, White – listed listed – Egret Calidris acuminata Sharp-tailed Sandpiper listed listed listed listed Calidris ferruginea Curlew Sandpiper listed listed listed listed Calidris melanotos Pectoral Sandpiper listed – listed listed Calidris ruficollis Red-necked Stint listed listed listed listed Calidris subminuta Long-toed Stint listed listed listed listed Charadrius bicinctus Double-banded Plover listed – – – Gallinago hardwickii Latham’s Snipe, listed listed listed listed Japanese Snipe Haliaeetus leucogaster White-bellied Sea- – listed – – Eagle Hirundapus caudacutus White-throated – – – listed Needletail Limosa limosa Black-tailed Godwit listed listed listed listed Merops ornatus Rainbow Bee-eater – – listed – Myiagra cyanoleuca Satin Flycatcher listed – – – Plegadis falcinellus Glossy Ibis listed listed – – Pluvialis fulva Pacific Golden Plover listed listed listed listed Rhipidura rufifrons Rufous Fantail listed – – – Rostratula australis Painted Snipe – listed – – Sterna caspia Caspian Tern – listed listed – Tringa nebularia Common Greenshank, listed listed listed listed Greenshank

Bonn = Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals (Bonn Convention); CAMBA = China–Australia Migratory Bird Agreement; JAMBA = Japan–Australia Migratory Bird Agreement; ROKAMBA = Republic of Korea – Australia Migratory Bird Agreement

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 117 Appendix 5.5 Plants, animals, aquatic species and ecological communities identified as significant in community workshops Aboriginal General Expert community community panels FLORA Cooba y Kangaroo grass (Themeda australis) y Rock Correa (Correa glabra) y Wetland plants y Box tree species y Saltbush y Native grasses y Kurrajong y Eremophila y Exocarpos y Pittosporum angustifolium y Eucalyptus bicostata (Eurabbie) y Ruby saltbush y Sheoak y Orchids y Bryophytes (including Sphaghnum) y Diuris Oaklands y Old Man Saltbush y Acacia acinacea y Acacia oswaldii y Senna y Wilga y Acacia gunnii y Phragmites y Acacia homalophylla y Eucalyptus leucoxylon y

ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES Black Box woodland y y Red Gum forest y y y

118 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Aboriginal General Expert community community panels White Box woodland y y Boree Woodland y y Mallee y White Cypress Pine woodland y y Narrow-leafed Peppermint grassy y forest Snow Gum woodland y Sandhill Pine-Yellow Box woodland y y Grey Box woodland y Canegrass Wetland y Yellow Box Woodland y Yellow Box - Apple Box woodland y with Themeda Alpine Peatlands y Themeda Grasslands y Cotton Bush Shrubland y Buloke woodland y Lignum shrubland y Lignum - Nitre Goosefoot shrubland y

FAUNA Birds (Birds) y (Woodland birds) y y (Waterbirds) y y Pink-eared duck y Wedge-tailed eagle y White bellied Sea-eagle (riparian) y y Treecreeper y Ducks y Swan y Barking Owl y Powerful Owl y y Superb Parrot y y Pelican y Bush Stone-curlew y y Brolga y y

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 119 Aboriginal General Expert community community panels Stilts y Plains-wanderer y y Glossy Black Cockatoo y Hooded Robin y Turquoise Parrot y Painted Snipe y Australasian Bittern y Regent Parrot y Grebes y Swift Parrot y Magpie Goose y Blue-billed Duck y Freckled Duck y Speckled Warbler y Pink Cockatoo y Diamond Firetail y Grey-crowned Babbler y Brown Treecreeper y

Reptiles and Frogs Reptiles y Inland Carpet python y Turtle y y Eastern long-necked turtle y

Frogs y Sloane’s Froglet y Southern Bell Frog y Little Whip Snake y Pink-tailed Worm-lizard y Southern Corroboree Frog y Beaked Gecko y Rosenberg’s Goanna y Spotted Tree Frog y Booroolong Frog y

Mammals Kangaroo y

120 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 Aboriginal General Expert community community panels Wallaby sp y Glider y Squirrel Glider y y Greater Glider y Echidna y Common wombat y Platypus y y Water rat y Marsupial Mouse y Swamp Wallaby y Koala y Large-footed Myotis y Spotted-tailed Quoll y

Fish and Invertebrates Fish y y y Murray Cod y Mussels y Catfish y y Insects y y Yabbies y Crustaceans y Aquatic Insects y Pygmy Perch y

New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012 121 Appendix 5.6 Websites for information on species, populations and ecological communities There are a number of publicly accessible websites where information on individual species, populations and ecological communities can be obtained, including:

• Atlas of Living Australia http://www.ala.org.au/ • Commonwealth Species Profile and Threats Database http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl • Commonwealth list of threatened species and ecological communities http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/index.html • NSW profiles of threatened species, populations and ecological communities http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/threatenedspecies/ • Australian Museum Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Research—FaunaNet http://faunanet.gov.au/ • NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service Wildlife Atlas http://wildlifeatlas.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au/wildlifeatlas/watlas.jsp • Royal Botanic Gardens Plantnet http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/search/simple.htm • NSW Scientific Committee and threatened species preliminary and final determinations http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/committee/AboutTheNSWScientificCommittee.htm

122 New South Wales Murray Biodiversity Management Plan | Appendices | December 2012