File 14--loc-rob6

Book & Bulgaria 6 Initial Mapping Date Road Scale All key roads labelled? Hierarchy Date Title Hydro Chapter Transylvania Editor Cxns Spot colours removed? Hierarchy Nthpt Masking in Illustrator done? Symbols Author Leif Petterson MC Cxns Date Book Inset/enlargement correct? Off map Notes dest'ns Border Locator A1 Key - Author Cxns Date

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Transylvania

Why Go? Valley...... 73 Transylvania conjures a vivid landscape of mountains, cas- ...... 73 tles, fortified churches and superstitious old crones. The ...... 79 are truly spectacular and outdoor Braşov...... 82 enthusiasts can choose from caving in the Apuseni range, rock climbing at Piatra Craiului National Park, biking atop Saxon Land...... 95 the flat Bucegi plateau, or hiking the Făgăraş. The skiing Sighişoara...... 96 scene, particularly in the Bucegi Mountains, is a great draw, Făgăraş Mountains...... 104 while well-beaten paths up to Bran and Peleş Castles are Sibiu...... 106 also worth the crowds. Székely Land...... 115 A melange of architecture and chic sidewalk cafes punc- Miercurea Ciuc...... 117 tuate the towns of Braşov, Sighişoara and Sibiu, while the Târgu Mureş...... 121 vibrant student town Cluj-Napoca has the country’s most Southwest vigorous nightlife. Many of southern Transylvania’s Saxon Transylvania...... 126 villages are dotted with fortified churches that date back half a millennium. An hour north, in Székely Land, eth- Retezat Mountains...... 131 nic Hungarian communities are the majority. Throughout Northern Transylvania....133 you’re likely to spot many Roma villagers – look out for Cluj-Napoca...... 133 black cowboy hats and rich red dresses.

When to Go Best Places to Eat Braşov »»Bella Muzica (p88) °C/°F Temp Rainfall inches/mm 40/104 5/125 »»Crama Veche (p144) 30/86 4/100 »»Crama Sibiu Vechi (p111) 20/68 3/75 »»Camino (p137) 10/50 2/50 Best Places to 0/32 1/25 -10/14 0 Stay J F DNOSAJJMAM »»Casa Wagner (p87) Jun–Sep Sum- May A pleasant Dec–Mar Plenty »»Am Ring (p110) mer is a glorious month, with the of snow for skiing, »»Casa Au Cerb (p99) time for hiking mountains rich in with plummeting and seeing the wildflowers and temperatures. medieval cities in the weather cool. full swing. 73 Transylvania PSightsinaiarahova Valley - - ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ - - sq sq type type 9am- - CASTLE h craftsmen and ­craftsmen tale turrets rise rise turrets tale - serving serving monarch, - clad valley, this pret this valley, clad minute minute walk uphill product product of a noble - - - eyed swoons, and even if if even and swoons, eyed - carved ceilings carved and ceilings gilded car ride up and take a short short a take and up ride car - A 20 - tale turrets, vertiginous tale gal turrets, vertiginous ) - cake’ style of its grander 19th of grander its style cake’

c - Sights Carol Carol I. on Construction the - 3500

edifice, built in a predominantly German predominantly a in built edifice, Endless wood Endless Sinaia Sinaia is named after Mount Sinai, and Sinaia is part of administratively Walla The The town itself is a melange of crayon - King King m style, Renaissance began in 1875. Some 39 more than years, 400 weary thousands of labourers later, it was com the before just king months died pleted, in 5pm Tue-Sun; 5pm Tue-Sun; of the town centre, this one has to be the most magical of all the castles you’ll mar Fairy Transylvania. in at vel reception grand and meadows, green above halls and in fashioned Florentine Moorish, overwhelm. collectively styles French cross induce pieces this bent on visiting Dracula you’re creepy chasing thrill a get to not hard it’s castles, central have to castle European first The one. Peleş and electricity heating, vacuuming(!), was intended to be the summer residence of Romania’s longest (www.visit.peles.ro; tours 20/5 adult/child lei, (www.visit.peles.ro; op lei; 3 photos lei, 70/7 adult/child tour tional treat here, Peleş Palace is a dream of hidden hidden of dream a is Palace Peleş here, treat fairy passages, beguilingly so it’s statues; classical and leries the from swoon a raise could it imaginative, cynic. hardened most mountain the on cross a there’s notice you’ll above the town; a bi visit man’s to Israel in 1965. his Following return he a founded with monastery a lus hill. the up interior gilded trously chia but is Transylvania. most easily reached from 1 Castle Peleş and take a cable a take two. and or night a stay you if easier it’s But hike. Sinaia POP 11,470 fir slender a in Nestled ty town teems with hikers in summer and skiers in dramat winter. a Backed it’s by Mountains, the Bucegi the imposing of crags network the using or, hike day’s a for place ic days. several walkers, to open cabanas of coloured wooden houses contrasted with ‘wedding the Romania’s to home Once buildings. century re summer a created who 1, Carol king, first ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ - clad clad - Transylvania was was Transylvania annexing much of the region. region. the of much annexing - independent, independent, recognising Turkish su - This unification has This never been unification fully ac Medieval Medieval Transylvania was autono History PRAHOVA the real draw is up, way up, with hiking and and hiking with up, way up, is draw real the atop the the along flat the trails plateau biking down carve that trails ski and mountains, Braşov from If mountainsides. trip you’re looking for day just a a do to possible it’s taste, Wallachia funnels into at the of foot valley the fir narrow this Transylvania in a Sinaia, summer king’s Mountains. Bucegi but town, finest the is ago, a century retreat ic. Still, one feels an extant mistrust between between mistrust extant an feels one Still, ic. pub and the Hungarians the communities, Hungarian only with region the of maps lish as names), if street (even names place they Romania. in located not were to quash Hungarian nationalist sentiments. sentiments. nationalist Hungarian to quash however, feelings Currently, of resentment re Romania’s and somewhat subsided have pacif are neighbour western its with lations cepted by Hungary, and from by cepted 1940 to Hungary, 1944 re about set it moved communists Romanian war, the After revolution against the Habsburgs, Romania Romania Habsburgs, the against revolution Transyl 1867 After Austrians. the with sided vania was de fully absorbed to into In Hungary. Iulia Alba at gathered Romanians 1918 Romania. with union Transylvania’s mand ernors sought to control the territory by fa territory the to control sought ernors and Hungarians Protestant the first vouring and Saxons then Romanians. the Orthodox In 1848, when the launched Hungarians a semi broken was power Turkish 1683 In zerainty. rule Habsburg under came Transylvania and gov Habsburg Catholic The later. years four mously mously ruled by a prince indigenous the while crown, accountable Hungarian the to Turk the 1526 After serfs. were Romanians ish defeat of Hungary the region became Napoca (Klausenburg), Mediaş (Mediasch), Mediaş (Mediasch), Napoca (Klausenburg), Sebeş (Mühlbach), Sibiu Transyl – gave (Hermannstadt) (Schässburg) Sighişoara and Siebenbürgen. name, German its vania vania). In the 12th century Saxon merchants merchants Saxon century 12th the In vania). frontiers the eastern to defend help arrived The they seven towns founded of Hungary. Cluj (Kronstadt), Braşov (Bistritz), Bistriţa – associated with Hungary. In the 10th centu the In Hungary. with associated Székelys, the tribe, (Hungarian) Magyar a ry in settled what they (‘beyond Erdély called the – forest’ of meaning the Transyl literal WWI, until years, 1000 For