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Biallelic TRIP13 Mutations Predispose to Wilms Tumor and Chromosome Missegregation
Europe PMC Funders Group Author Manuscript Nat Genet. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2017 July 01. Published in final edited form as: Nat Genet. 2017 July ; 49(7): 1148–1151. doi:10.1038/ng.3883. Europe PMC Funders Author Manuscripts Biallelic TRIP13 mutations predispose to Wilms tumor and chromosome missegregation Shawn Yost#1, Bas de Wolf#2, Sandra Hanks#1, Anna Zachariou1, Chiara Marcozzi3,4, Matthew Clarke1, Richarda de Voer2, Banafsheh Etemad2, Esther Uijttewaal2, Emma Ramsay1, Harriet Wylie1, Anna Elliott1, Susan Picton5, Audrey Smith6, Sarah Smithson7, Sheila Seal1, Elise Ruark1, Gunnar Houge8, Jonathan Pines3,4, Geert J.P.L. Kops2,9,10,+, and Nazneen Rahman1,11,+ 1Division of Genetics and Epidemiology, Institute of Cancer Research, 15 Cotswold Road, London, SM2 5NG, UK 2Hubrecht Institute – KNAW (Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences), Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands 3The Gurdon Institute and Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, UK 4Division of Cancer Biology, The Institute of Cancer Research, 237 Fulham Road, London SW3 6JB, UK 5Children's and Adolescent Oncology and Haematology Unit, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, LS1 3EX, UK 6Yorkshire Regional Clinical Genetics Service, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Chapeltown Road, Leeds, LS7 4SA, UK 7Clinical Genetics Service, St Michael's Hospital, Southwell Street, Bristol, BS2 8EG, UK 8Center for Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021 Bergen, Norway 9Cancer Genomics Netherlands, Utrecht, The Netherlands 10Center for Molecular 11 Europe PMC Funders Author Manuscripts Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands Cancer Genetics Unit, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK SM2 5PT, UK # These authors contributed equally to this work. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Identifying the Contributions and Mechanisms of P31comet and TRIP13 Function During Mitotic
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Identifying the Contributions and Mechanisms of p31comet and TRIP13 Function During Mitotic Checkpoint Silencing A thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Master of Science in Biology by Kimia Candice Mashouf Committee in charge: Professor Don Cleveland, Chair Professor Gen-sheng Feng, Co-chair Professor Samara Reck-Peterson 2016 Copyright Kimia Candice Mashouf, 2016 All rights reserved The Thesis of Kimia Candice Mashouf is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Co-Chair _____________________________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2016 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page……………………………………………………………………………….. iii Table of Contents…………………………………………………………………………….. iv List of Figures…………………………………………………………………………………. v Acknowledgments…………………………………………………………………..………... vi Abstract of Thesis…….…………………………………………………………………….... vii Chapter 1: Introduction………………………………………………………………….…… 1 Chapter 2: Materials and Methods…………………………………………………….…… 6 Chapter 3: Results…………………………………………………………………………... 10 Chapter 4: Discussion………………………………………………………………………. 16 Appendix……………………………………………………………………………………… 19 References…………………………………………………………………………………… 20 iv LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Kinetochore Activation of the checkpoint through hierarchical checkpoint protein recruitment………………………………………….…………………... 2 Figure 2: Disassembly Approach to Identify the functions of TRIP13 and p31 comet on the the -
Identification of Conserved Genes Triggering Puberty in European Sea
Blázquez et al. BMC Genomics (2017) 18:441 DOI 10.1186/s12864-017-3823-2 RESEARCHARTICLE Open Access Identification of conserved genes triggering puberty in European sea bass males (Dicentrarchus labrax) by microarray expression profiling Mercedes Blázquez1,2* , Paula Medina1,2,3, Berta Crespo1,4, Ana Gómez1 and Silvia Zanuy1* Abstract Background: Spermatogenesisisacomplexprocesscharacterized by the activation and/or repression of a number of genes in a spatio-temporal manner. Pubertal development in males starts with the onset of the first spermatogenesis and implies the division of primary spermatogonia and their subsequent entry into meiosis. This study is aimed at the characterization of genes involved in the onset of puberty in European sea bass, and constitutes the first transcriptomic approach focused on meiosis in this species. Results: European sea bass testes collected at the onset of puberty (first successful reproduction) were grouped in stage I (resting stage), and stage II (proliferative stage). Transition from stage I to stage II was marked by an increase of 11ketotestosterone (11KT), the main fish androgen, whereas the transcriptomic study resulted in 315 genes differentially expressed between the two stages. The onset of puberty induced 1) an up-regulation of genes involved in cell proliferation, cell cycle and meiosis progression, 2) changes in genes related with reproduction and growth, and 3) a down-regulation of genes included in the retinoic acid (RA) signalling pathway. The analysis of GO-terms and biological pathways showed that cell cycle, cell division, cellular metabolic processes, and reproduction were affected, consistent with the early events that occur during the onset of puberty. -
The Mechanisms of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint and Mitotic Cell Death
The Mechanisms of the Spindle Assembly Checkpoint and Mitotic Cell Death Jianquan Li Thesis submitted to Newcastle University in candidature for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Institute for Cell and Molecular Bioscience Newcastle University October 2018 Abstract The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) monitors the chromosomes and kinetochore– microtubule attachment to prevent premature anaphase onset (Lara-Gonzalez et al., 2012), and this ensures the fidelity of cell division. The mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC), the core SAC effector, contains two sub-complexes, CDC20-MAD2 and BUBR1-BUB3 (Sudakin et al., 2001). However, the exact mechanism underlying the assembly of the MCC regarding when, where and how still is not fully addressed. It is believed that the formation of the CDC20-MAD2 sub-complex is an initial and essential step in MCC assembly (Sudakin et al., 2001), thus the assembly of the MCC can be depicted by the observation of the formation of the CDC20-MAD2 complex (Fraschini et al., 2001, Meraldi et al., 2004, Poddar et al., 2005). Using the Duolink based in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA), the lab has previously used individual cell analysis to show the temporal and spatial in vivo formation of the CDC20-MAD2 complex throughout the cell cycle in HeLa cells and existence of a specific prophase form of the CDC20-MAD2 complex (Li et al., 2017). In this study, we provide evidences showing that the profile of the assembly of the CDC20-MAD2 complex revealed by using the PLA can genuinely reflect the dynamic in vivo interaction of these two proteins in individual cells. -
S41436-020-01011-X.Pdf
Zurich Open Repository and Archive University of Zurich Main Library Strickhofstrasse 39 CH-8057 Zurich www.zora.uzh.ch Year: 2020 New insights into the clinical and molecular spectrum of the novel CYFIP2-related neurodevelopmental disorder and impairment of the WRC-mediated actin dynamics Begemann, Anaïs ; Sticht, Heinrich ; Begtrup, Amber ; Vitobello, Antonio ; Faivre, Laurence ; Asadollahi, Reza ; Zweier, Markus ; Steindl, Katharina ; Rauch, Anita Abstract: PURPOSE A few de novo missense variants in the cytoplasmic FMRP-interacting protein 2 (CYFIP2) gene have recently been described as a novel cause of severe intellectual disability, seizures, and hypotonia in 18 individuals, with p.Arg87 substitutions in the majority. METHODS We assembled data from 19 newly identified and all 18 previously published individuals with CYFIP2 variants. By structural modeling and investigation of WAVE-regulatory complex (WRC)-mediated actin polymerization in six patient fibroblast lines we assessed the impact of CYFIP2 variants on the WRC. RESULTS Sixteenof 19 individuals harbor two previously described and 11 novel (likely) disease-associated missense variants. We report p.Asp724 as second mutational hotspot (4/19 cases). Genotype-phenotype correlation con- firms a consistently severe phenotype in p.Arg87 patients but a more variable phenotype inp.Asp724 and other substitutions. Three individuals with milder phenotypes carry putative loss-of-function vari- ants, which remain of unclear pathogenicity. Structural modeling predicted missense variants to disturb interactions within the WRC or impair CYFIP2 stability. Consistent with its role in WRC-mediated actin polymerization we substantiate aberrant regulation of the actin cytoskeleton in patient fibroblasts. CONCLUSION Our study expands the clinical and molecular spectrum of CYFIP2-related neurodevel- opmental disorder and provides evidence for aberrant WRC-mediated actin dynamics as contributing cellular pathomechanism. -
Supplemental Information
Supplemental information Dissection of the genomic structure of the miR-183/96/182 gene. Previously, we showed that the miR-183/96/182 cluster is an intergenic miRNA cluster, located in a ~60-kb interval between the genes encoding nuclear respiratory factor-1 (Nrf1) and ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2H (Ube2h) on mouse chr6qA3.3 (1). To start to uncover the genomic structure of the miR- 183/96/182 gene, we first studied genomic features around miR-183/96/182 in the UCSC genome browser (http://genome.UCSC.edu/), and identified two CpG islands 3.4-6.5 kb 5’ of pre-miR-183, the most 5’ miRNA of the cluster (Fig. 1A; Fig. S1 and Seq. S1). A cDNA clone, AK044220, located at 3.2-4.6 kb 5’ to pre-miR-183, encompasses the second CpG island (Fig. 1A; Fig. S1). We hypothesized that this cDNA clone was derived from 5’ exon(s) of the primary transcript of the miR-183/96/182 gene, as CpG islands are often associated with promoters (2). Supporting this hypothesis, multiple expressed sequences detected by gene-trap clones, including clone D016D06 (3, 4), were co-localized with the cDNA clone AK044220 (Fig. 1A; Fig. S1). Clone D016D06, deposited by the German GeneTrap Consortium (GGTC) (http://tikus.gsf.de) (3, 4), was derived from insertion of a retroviral construct, rFlpROSAβgeo in 129S2 ES cells (Fig. 1A and C). The rFlpROSAβgeo construct carries a promoterless reporter gene, the β−geo cassette - an in-frame fusion of the β-galactosidase and neomycin resistance (Neor) gene (5), with a splicing acceptor (SA) immediately upstream, and a polyA signal downstream of the β−geo cassette (Fig. -
Annual Scientific Report 2013 on the Cover Structure 3Fof in the Protein Data Bank, Determined by Laponogov, I
EMBL-European Bioinformatics Institute Annual Scientific Report 2013 On the cover Structure 3fof in the Protein Data Bank, determined by Laponogov, I. et al. (2009) Structural insight into the quinolone-DNA cleavage complex of type IIA topoisomerases. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 16, 667-669. © 2014 European Molecular Biology Laboratory This publication was produced by the External Relations team at the European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) A digital version of the brochure can be found at www.ebi.ac.uk/about/brochures For more information about EMBL-EBI please contact: [email protected] Contents Introduction & overview 3 Services 8 Genes, genomes and variation 8 Molecular atlas 12 Proteins and protein families 14 Molecular and cellular structures 18 Chemical biology 20 Molecular systems 22 Cross-domain tools and resources 24 Research 26 Support 32 ELIXIR 36 Facts and figures 38 Funding & resource allocation 38 Growth of core resources 40 Collaborations 42 Our staff in 2013 44 Scientific advisory committees 46 Major database collaborations 50 Publications 52 Organisation of EMBL-EBI leadership 61 2013 EMBL-EBI Annual Scientific Report 1 Foreword Welcome to EMBL-EBI’s 2013 Annual Scientific Report. Here we look back on our major achievements during the year, reflecting on the delivery of our world-class services, research, training, industry collaboration and European coordination of life-science data. The past year has been one full of exciting changes, both scientifically and organisationally. We unveiled a new website that helps users explore our resources more seamlessly, saw the publication of ground-breaking work in data storage and synthetic biology, joined the global alliance for global health, built important new relationships with our partners in industry and celebrated the launch of ELIXIR. -
A-To-I RNA Editing Does Not Change with Age in the Healthy Male Rat Brain
Biogerontology (2013) 14:395–400 DOI 10.1007/s10522-013-9433-8 RESEARCH ARTICLE A-to-I RNA editing does not change with age in the healthy male rat brain Andrew P. Holmes • Shona H. Wood • Brian J. Merry • Joa˜o Pedro de Magalha˜es Received: 18 January 2013 / Accepted: 15 May 2013 / Published online: 26 May 2013 Ó The Author(s) 2013. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract RNA editing is a post-transcriptional pro- Introduction cess, which results in base substitution modifications to RNA. It is an important process in generating Adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is a post- protein diversity through amino acid substitution and transcriptional process that alters the sequences of the modulation of splicing events. Previous studies RNA molecules. The adenosine deaminases ADAR have suggested a link between gene-specific reduc- and ADARB1 convert specific adenosine residues on tions in adenosine to inosine RNA editing and aging in RNA to inosine bases. During translation, sequencing, the human brain. Here we demonstrate that changes in and splicing, inosine is recognized as guanosine. RNA editing observed in humans with age are not Therefore, A-to-I RNA editing has important impli- observed during aging in healthy rats. Furthermore, we cations in altering specific amino acids, miRNA identify a conserved editing site in rats, in Cog3.We targeting, and in the modulation of alternative splicing propose that either age-related changes in RNA (Nishikura 2010). editing are specific to primates or humans, or that Targets of A-to-I RNA editing are often genes they are the manifestation of disease pathology. -
Spatially Clustering De Novo Variants in CYFIP2, Encoding the Cytoplasmic FMRP Interacting Protein 2, Cause Intellectual Disability and Seizures
European Journal of Human Genetics (2019) 27:747–759 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41431-018-0331-z ARTICLE Spatially clustering de novo variants in CYFIP2, encoding the cytoplasmic FMRP interacting protein 2, cause intellectual disability and seizures 1 1,2 3 3 2,4 5,6 Markus Zweier ● Anaïs Begemann ● Kirsty McWalter ● Megan T. Cho ● Lucia Abela ● Siddharth Banka ● 7 8 9,10 11 12 Bettina Behring ● Andrea Berger ● Chester W. Brown ● Maryline Carneiro ● Jiani Chen ● 13 14 13 Gregory M. Cooper ● Deciphering Developmental Disorders (DDD) Study ● Candice R. Finnila ● 3 15 16 1 5,6 17,18 Maria J. Guillen Sacoto ● Alex Henderson ● Ulrike Hüffmeier ● Pascal Joset ● Bronwyn Kerr ● Gaetan Lesca ● 19 5 20 3 9 Gloria S. Leszinski ● John Henry McDermott ● Meira R. Meltzer ● Kristin G. Monaghan ● Roya Mostafavi ● 21,22 2,4,23 24 12 21,22,25 Katrin Õunap ● Barbara Plecko ● Zöe Powis ● Gabriela Purcarin ● Tiia Reimand ● 19,26 20 27 12,28 29 Korbinian M. Riedhammer ● John M. Schreiber ● Deepa Sirsi ● Klaas J. Wierenga ● Monica H. Wojcik ● 1,30 1 31 1,2,32,33 Sorina M. Papuc ● Katharina Steindl ● Heinrich Sticht ● Anita Rauch Received: 30 May 2018 / Revised: 31 October 2018 / Accepted: 7 November 2018 / Published online: 21 January 2019 © European Society of Human Genetics 2019 1234567890();,: 1234567890();,: Abstract CYFIP2, encoding the evolutionary highly conserved cytoplasmic FMRP interacting protein 2, has previously been proposed as a candidate gene for intellectual disability and autism because of its important role linking FMRP-dependent transcription regulation and actin polymerization via the WAVE regulatory complex (WRC). Recently, de novo variants affecting the amino acid p.Arg87 of CYFIP2 were reported in four individuals with epileptic encephalopathy. -
Mouse Mutants As Models for Congenital Retinal Disorders
Experimental Eye Research 81 (2005) 503–512 www.elsevier.com/locate/yexer Review Mouse mutants as models for congenital retinal disorders Claudia Dalke*, Jochen Graw GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany Received 1 February 2005; accepted in revised form 1 June 2005 Available online 18 July 2005 Abstract Animal models provide a valuable tool for investigating the genetic basis and the pathophysiology of human diseases, and to evaluate therapeutic treatments. To study congenital retinal disorders, mouse mutants have become the most important model organism. Here we review some mouse models, which are related to hereditary disorders (mostly congenital) including retinitis pigmentosa, Leber’s congenital amaurosis, macular disorders and optic atrophy. q 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: animal model; retina; mouse; gene mutation; retinal degeneration 1. Introduction Although mouse models are a good tool to investigate retinal disorders, one should keep in mind that the mouse Mice suffering from hereditary eye defects (and in retina is somehow different from a human retina, particular from retinal degenerations) have been collected particularly with respect to the number and distribution of since decades (Keeler, 1924). They allow the study of the photoreceptor cells. The mouse as a nocturnal animal molecular and histological development of retinal degener- has a retina dominated by rods; in contrast, cones are small ations and to characterize the genetic basis underlying in size and represent only 3–5% of the photoreceptors. Mice retinal dysfunction and degeneration. The recent progress of do not form cone-rich areas like the human fovea. -
TULP1 Mutations Causing Early-Onset Retinal Degeneration: Preserved but Insensitive Macular Cones
Retina TULP1 Mutations Causing Early-Onset Retinal Degeneration: Preserved but Insensitive Macular Cones Samuel G. Jacobson,1 Artur V. Cideciyan,1 Wei Chieh Huang,1 Alexander Sumaroka,1 Alejandro J. Roman,1 Sharon B. Schwartz,1 Xunda Luo,1 Rebecca Sheplock,1 Joanna M. Dauber,1 Malgorzata Swider,1 and Edwin M. Stone2,3 1Scheie Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States 2Department of Ophthalmology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States 3Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Iowa City, Iowa, United States Correspondence: Samuel G. Jacob- PURPOSE. To investigate visual function and outer and inner retinal structure in the rare form of son, Scheie Eye Institute, University retinal degeneration (RD) caused by TULP1 (tubby-like protein 1) mutations. of Pennsylvania, 51 N. 39th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; METHODS. Retinal degeneration patients with TULP1 mutations (n ¼ 5; age range, 5–36 years) [email protected]. were studied by kinetic and chromatic static perimetry, en face autofluorescence imaging, and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. Outer and inner retinal Submitted: April 10, 2014 Accepted: July 13, 2014 laminar thickness were measured and mapped across the central retina. Comparisons were made with results from patients with RD associated with four ciliopathy genotypes (MAK, Citation: Jacobson SG, Cideciyan AV, RPGR, BBS1, and USH2A). Huang WC, et al. TULP1 mutations causing early-onset retinal degenera- RESULTS. The TULP1-RD patients were severely affected already in the first decade of life and tion: preserved but insensitive macu- there was rapidly progressive visual loss. -
Roles of Nickel Binding Proteins in Helicobacter Species
ROLES OF NICKEL BINDING PROTEINS IN HELICOBACTER SPECIES by SUSMITHA SESHADRI (Under the Direction of Robert J. Maier) ABSTRACT Proteins Hpn and Hpn-like of the gastric pathogen H. pylori were hypothesized to bind nickel since histidine residues make up 45% and 27% of their amino acid content, respectively. Characterization of an hpn, an hpn-like and an hpn, hpn-like double mutant revealed novel functions for these gene products in nickel detoxification and storage. Compared to the wild-type parent, mutant strains were more sensitive to elevated concentrations of nickel, cobalt, and cadmium, indicating roles for the two proteins in surviving metal toxicity. Under low nickel conditions, the mutants exhibited higher urease activities and had increased amount of Ni- associated with urease; but similar urease apo-protein levels to wild-type. The parent achieved mutant level urease activities under nickel supplementation and lower pH conditions while growth with a nickel chelator decreased mutant but not wild-type urease activities. These results strongly imply a role for these proteins as nickel reservoirs/storage proteins. H. hepaticus colonizes a non-acidic niche, hence nickel metabolism may be different than in H. pylori. A nikR mutant exhibited higher urease and hydrogenase activities under all supplemental nickel conditions, but there was no change in urease expression, and NikR did not bind pUreA or pHydA. Higher total nickel levels (detected by ICP-MS) in the nikR mutant implied possible higher nickel transporter (NikA) levels, which was later verified by qRT-PCR and binding of NikR to pNikA. Periplasmic nitrate reductase (NapA) was upregulated in the NikR strain.