Suplemento Nº 6 ao Boletim da SPEN (ISSN 0871-0554), 335-342, 1999 Sociedade Portuguesa de Entomologia. Apartado 8221. 1803-001 Lisboa PSYLLIDS (HOMOPTERA: PSYLLOIDEA) FROM MADEIRA ISLAND: AN UPDATED CHECKLIST INCLUDING NEW RECORDS A. M. FRANQUINHO AGUIAR(1), J. H. MARTIN(2) (1) Laboratório Agrícola da Madeira, Estrada Eng. Abel Vieira, 9135 Camacha, Madeira, Portugal. E- mail: [email protected] (2) Dept. of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK. E- mail: [email protected] Abstract: The first information about the Psylloidea in Madeira was based mainly on material collected by Prof. Håkan Lindberg, which included 6 species belonging to family Psyllidae and 3 to Triozidae. Since then little has been added to our knowledge. An updated checklist is presented in this work which includes new records. The new material was collected in several different types of vegetation including cultivated land, exotic forest, humid evergreen forest, and high altitude vegetation and contains species belonging to the genera Ctenarytaina, Euphyllura, Psylla and Trioza. General faunistic considerations are presented for each one of the species treated, including their host plants and geographical distribution. Key words: Psylloidea, Macaronesia, Madeira Island. Resumo: Psilas da Ilha da Madeira - Uma checklist actualizada, incluindo novas referências. Em meados dos anos setenta e com base em material colhido pelo Prof. Håkan Lindberg, M. M. Loginova publicou pela primeira vez informação sobre os Psylloidea da Madeira. Esta incluia 6 espécies pertencentes à família Psyllidae e 3 à Triozidae. Desde esta altura pouco foi adicionado ao nosso conhecimento sobre este grupo. No presente trabalho, é apresentada uma checklist actualizada, a qual inclui várias referências novas para a fauna da Madeira. Estas espécies, que abrangem os géneros Ctenarytaina, Euphyllura, Psylla e Trioza foram colhidas em variados tipos de vegetação, incluindo, zonas de agricultura, floresta exótica, laurisilva e vegetação de altitude. São também fornecidos dados para cada uma das especies tratadas, relativamente a aspectos da sua biologia, plantas hospedeiras e distribuição geográfica, com enfase para a Macaronesia. Palavras chave: Psylloidea, Macaronesia, Ilha da Madeira. Suplemento Nº 6 ao Boletim da SPEN (335-342), 1999 INTRODUCTION The first published survey of the psyllid fauna from the northern islands of Macaronesia was presented by LOGINOVA (1976). This was based on material from the collection of Prof. Håkan Lindberg, who visited the Canary and Madeira archipelagos several times between 1926-1963 and on specimens collected by Dr. Remane on Tenerife in 1954. In this paper Loginova refers 6 species of Psyllidae from Madeira, (describing 5 as new to science) and 3 species of Triozidae. More recently HODKINSON (1990) and CARVALHO & AGUIAR (1997) add another 2 species of Triozidae from Madeira. The present work adds 4 new records of Psyllidae and 2 new species of Triozidae. MATERIAL AND METHODS The new material was collected in different habitats and on a range of plants from coastal, low and medium altitude cultivated land and transitional vegetation, exotic forest, humid evergreen forest (Laurisilva) and high altitude shrub vegetation. Vouchers of all the studied samples are deposited on the insect collections of the Laboratório Agrícola da Madeira (ICLAM). They are either preserved in ethanol, or dried. Some material is deposited in the Natural History Museum (BMNH). In the check list the synonymy is that mentioned on the literature for material collected in Madeira. The data presented in Table 1 is arranged alphabetically by host plant and the distribution data are only for the Macaronesian islands. HOST PLANTS AND DISTRIBUTION On the coastal shrub and grassland of Madeira only two species are found, both feeding on Chenopodiaceae, these being Rhodochlanis salsolae (Lethierry) and Trioza chenopodii Reuter. The former, originally described by LOGINOVA (1972) as R. parvipunctatus, is present in the dry eastern peninsula and islets of Madeira, feeding on Suaeda vera. T. chenopodii must have a wider distribution on the island, since the host plants, Chenopodium album and C. murale are common and widespread weeds, along road sides and disturbed cultivated and waste lands. An Atriplex sp. is also mentioned by LOGINOVA (1976) as a host plant of T. chenopodii, collected in São Vicente in the north of the island. This is probably Atriplex prostrata which according to PRESS & SHORT (1994: 73) is “Rare, confined to sea-cliffs along the north coast of Madeira from São Jorge westwards” and is also the only Atriplex present on the north coast. Both R. salsolae and T. chenopodii are also recorded from Porto Santo. The nettle psyllid Trioza urticae (Linnaeus) was another psyllid recorded by LOGINOVA (1976), based only on one male and one female. Its present status is unknown on Madeira, even bearing in mind that one of its host plants, Urtica urens is fairly common on the island The citrus psylla, Trioza erytreae (Del Guercio) was identified for the first time in 1994 by the first author, from a localised area in the municipality of Ribeira Brava on the south coast, mainly on lemon (Citrus limon) and orange (Citrus sinensis). Since then T. erytreae has spread slowly to the whole area of that municipality and already entered Aguiar & Martin – Psyllids from Madeira Island. the municipality of Ponta do Sol to the west. T. erytreae causes the formation of pit- galls on the leaves of his host plants. A new record is the pear psylla, Psylla pyri (Linnaeus), collected abundantly on pear trees near the centre of Santana in the north of the island. In the description of Psylla atlantica, LOGINOVA (1976) states that its host plant is clearly the willow. We can now confirm that P. atlantica’s host plant, at least in Madeira, is Salix canariensis, a small tree common along streams and damp ravines in most parts of Madeira. In the areas of the island occupied by exotic introduced forest, mainly of Pinus , Acacia and Eucalyptus, was found the second of the new records, the introduced Australian species Ctenarytaina eucalypti (Maskell), feeding on Eucalyptus globulus. Observations show that this psyllid is common, as is its host plant, suggesting that its introduction may not be recent. The next five species can be found near or inside areas of humid laurel forest (laurisilva). These include two endemic species of the genus Arytainilla Loginova feeding on Leguminosae. LOGINOVA (1976) did not mention any host plant when she described A. incuba, and for A. umbonata only stated that it was collected on Leguminosae, but the collecting sites are outside the known laurisilva borders We can now at least confirm that A. incuba feeds on the endemic legume Teline maderensis, of a Genistinae genus not included on the list of Arytainilla hosts provided by HODKINSON & HOLLIS (1987). Another new record for Madeira is the species Euphyllura canariensis Loginova which feeds on Picconia excelsa, a macaronesian member of the Oleaceae, a rare laurisilva tree ocurring in north and centre of the island. The fourth new record, Psylla exima Loginova, feeds on another rare laurisilva tree, Rhamnus glandulosa (Rhamnaceae). At least 3 species of Trioza Förster were discovered in the laurisilva ecosystem. In the material collected by Prof. Lindberg, LOGINOVA (1976) identified Trioza alacris Flor, a psyllid that causes the formation of galls on the leaves of Laurus nobilis in many parts of the world. Much more recently HODKINSON (1990), based on further material collected in Tenerife and Madeira, found enough morphological peculiarities to describe this insect as a species distinct from T. alacris. He states that this new species, Trioza laurisilvae Hodkinson, “is primarily associated with the laurel forests of the canary Islands group. The host plant is unknown but is almost certainly one or more of the endemic Canary Islands laurels”. We confirm that in Madeira the main host of Trioza laurisilvae is Laurus azorica and probably the same is true for the Canary Islands. Recently two new species of the genus Trioza were found in the laurisilva, colonising another rare endemic tree, Pittosporum coriaceum (Pittosporaceae), locally called “mocano”. Apparently, only one of these species is responsible for the formation of pit-galls seen on the leaves of the host plant. These new species, referred to here as Trioza sp. 1 and Trioza sp. 2, are currently being described by the first senior author. The upland vegetation, on the limit of and above the laurel forest, is mainly composed of grazed grassland and communities of Erica arborea and Erica scoparia. These ericaceous shrubs are the host plants of the endemic psyllids Strophingia arborea Loginova and Strophingia fallax Loginova. On her original description of S. fallax, LOGINOVA (1976) was unable to give a complete description of the male genitalia Suplemento Nº 6 ao Boletim da SPEN (335-342), 1999 because the only male specimen was damaged. The male genitalia was later redescribed by HODKINSON (1981). All this information is summarised in Table 1. CHECK LIST SUPERFAMILY PSYLLOIDEA FAMILY PSYLLIDAE Latreille, 1807 SUBFAMILY APHALARINAE Löw, 1879 Rhodochlanis Loginova, 1964 1 R. salsolae (Lethierry, 1874) Rhodochlanis parvipunctatus Loginova, 1972: 8; Burckhardt, 1989: 389 SUBFAMILY STROPHINGIINAE W. & H. 1885 Strophingia Enderlein, 1914 2 S. arborea Loginova, 1976 3 S. fallax Loginova, 1976 SUBFAMILY LIVIINAE Löw, 1878 Euphyllura Förster, 1848 4 E. canariensis Loginova, 1973 [new record] SUBFAMILY ARYTAININAE Crawford, 1914 Arytainilla Loginova, 1972 5 A. incuba Loginova, 1976 6 A. umbonata Loginova, 1976 SUBFAMILY PSYLLINAE Latreille, 1807 Psylla Geoffroy, 1762 7 P. atlantica Loginova, 1976 8 P. exima Loginova, 1976 [new record] 9 P. pyri (Linnaeus, 1758) [new record] SUBFAMILY SPONDYLIASPIDINAE Schwarz, 1898 Ctenarytaina Ferris & Klyver, 1932 10 C. eucalypti (Maskell, 1895) [new record] FAMILY TRIOZIDAE Löw, 1878 Trioza Förster, 1848 11 T. chenopodii Reuter, 1876 Trioza obliqua (Thomson, 1877); Loginova, 1976: 35 12 T. erytreae (Del Guercio, 1918) 13 T.