DOCSLIB.ORG

Bioactive Compounds Characterization and Antibacterial Potentials of Actinomycetes Isolated from Rhizospheric Soil

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Bioactive Compounds Characterization and Antibacterial Potentials of Actinomycetes Isolated from Rhizospheric Soil Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research Vol. 78, November 2019, pp. 793-798 Bioactive Compounds characterization and Antibacterial Potentials of Actinomycetes isolated from Rhizospheric soil Nalinee Kumari1*, Ekta Menghani2 and Rekha Mithal3 *1Department of Microbiology, JECRC University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India 2Department of Biotechnology, JECRC University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India 3Department of Chemistry, JECRC College Jaipur, Rajasthan India Received 27 June 2018; revised 15 June 2019; accepted 14 September 2019 Due to acquired resistance produced by micro-organism against all frequently used antimicrobial agents, there is a great need of newer antibiotics to fight against different microbes. To explore the unknown diversity of microorganisms, soil screening for antimicrobial agents are performed for the detection of newer antibiotics from Actinomycetes. Studies were carried out with isolation of total 65 actinomycetes from rhizospheric soil of plants. Isolation and characterization of antimicrobial agents producing actinomycetes was performed and after screening some of isolates were having antimicrobial activity. Among them isolate AIA29 from rhizospheric soil was further studied for their potential. In the present study soil samples have been collected from different regions of Rajasthan. Isolation of actinomycetes was done on Actinomycetes Isolation Agar (AIA) media. Gram staining, characterization of colony and extraction of bioactive compounds was done by solvent extraction method. Antibacterial screening of crude extract was also performed against selected organisms like Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC-3160), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC-1688), Klebsiella pneumonia (MTCC-432), Proteus vulgaris (MTCC-7306), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC-441) procured from IMTECH Chandigarh. The extract showed inhibition zones (IZ) against Staphylococcus aureus (IZ= 33mm), Proteus vulgaris (IZ= 23mm) and Bacillus subtilis (IZ= 28mm). In GCMS analysis various compounds have been identified and compounds like Skatole, 3-methylpentane, Cyclohexane, Hexadecane, linoleic acid, Heptadecane, Nonadecane, Cyclotetradecane, Triacontane, Vinylbital, Ethosuximide and Stearyl alcohol, Dioctylpthalate was identified as having various activity. Keywords: Secondary metabolites, Rhizosphere, Actinomycetes, Antimicrobial Activity, Antibiotics Introduction and Actinoplanes produces commercially important Microbial diseases are expanding step by step and molecules. Approximately, 80% of total anti- they are turning into a major risk to human wellbeing. microbials have been delivered from streptomyces. There are in excess of 200 recognized diseases Various important anti-toxins and metabolites have transmitted by microscopic organisms, parasites, been gotten from terrestrial microorganisms4. From the infections, prions, rickettsia and different genera Streptomyces and Micromonospora, Numerous microorganisms to humans1. Methicillin resistant nutrients, anti-microbials, proteins and siderophores Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the gotten by Actinomycetes have pharmaceutical, superbugs which are accountable of causing hazardous veterinary, rural and clinical significance. nosocomial infections. The advancement of new Actinomycetes are outstanding for their capacity to antimicrobial agents, ideally naturally happening ones create an abundance of regular items with basic with novel activity, is an upmost medicinal unpredictability and with various organic activities5. requirement2. Today, the creating of viable Actinomycetes are Gram positive, filamentous, spore antimicrobial agents is the actual challenge to the shaping, oxygen consuming microscopic organisms health care industry, particularly immune-compromised with cell divider containing L-L diaminopimelic patients and Multidrug resistance (MDR) pathogens. corrosive and with high G + C content (57–75%) in Among the every known actinomycete their DNA. Rare actinomycetes deliver remarkable particularly Streptomyces, Nocardiopsis species3, antibacterial effectiveness with the most assorted, Micromonospora, Saccharopolyspora, Amycolatopsis unique, and exceptional, with low toxicity6. Antibiotics such as imidazole compounds have been employed to ————— *Author for Correspondence treat dermatophytic infections possess a series of E-mail: [email protected] limitations such as undesirable side effects or rapid 794 J SCI IND RES VOL 78 NOVEMBER 2019 development of resistance7. Screening for novel Indicator organisms secondary metabolites was focused, so different types Screening was done by disc diffusion method and of colonies were isolated. There are many unexplored agar well diffusion method for the determination of regions and still need evaluation for a greater diversity antimicrobial activity of isolates with some of the test of novel actinomycetes with novel bioactive for this pathogens spread onto media plates. Antimicrobial reason, the present study evaluates morphological activity of isolates was performed against standard characteristics of isolates, characterization of cultures of IMTECH Chandigarh. 5 cultures were compounds extracted and their antimicrobial activity used as: Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC-3160), against test pathogens. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC-1688), Klebsiella pneumonia (MTCC-432), Proteus vulgaris (MTCC- Material and method 7306), Bacillus subtilis (MTCC-441). Location of sample collection Samples were collected from rhizospheric soil of Fermentation and centrifugation Luria broth was used for the construction of the different plants from different regions of Rajasthan antimicrobial metabolites in broth. For this process state. Collected soil samples were named as JPSN, 500 ml of the broth was prepared and distributed UDSN, KOSN, ALSN, because of their locations like broth into two sterilized Erlenmeyer flasks, 250ml Jaipur, Udaipur, Kota and Alwar. To avoid any broth in each flask. Culture was added to each flask. contamination, soil was collected with hand gloves in Flasks were kept in the shaker incubator at 150 Rpm clean, dry, sterile air tight bags from above mentioned at 300C for two-three weeks. Immediate after four locations. From 12-15 cm deep soil samples were incubation period is over, the cell suspension was collected and brought to laboratory for storage at 4ºC centrifuged at 5,000 Rpm for 20 min to separate the for further processing of samples. supernatant and the biomass. Only supernatant was 10 Isolation and characterization of actinomycetes collected separately and used for further procedures . Different samples were collected from different Isolation of mixture of compounds from culture broth sites of Rajasthan, India. These samples were After fermentation, from the fermented broth the collected from 12-15 cm depth in rhizospheric region mycelium was removed by filtration and then clear in sterile polythene bags in turn to keep away from filtrate was used to check antimicrobial activity. Then the other sources of contamination. For isolation of the isolation of anti-microbial compound was done actinomycetes dilutions were prepared upto 10-5 and from the filtrate by solvent extraction method. pour plate and spread plates were used for isolation of Antimicrobial compounds were extracted from the actinomycetes. Other technique used was sprinkle filtrate by solvent extraction with Pet ether, Benzene, method and plates were kept inverted at 37ºC in Ethyl acetate and Chloroform. Liquid - liquid incubator for 5-7 days. Media used for isolation of extraction was done with solvent mixed to the filtrate Actinomycetes was Actinomycetes Isolation Agar in 1:1 (v/v) ratio and shaken vigorously for complete (AIA) media. Total sixty five isolates were isolated on extraction of metabolites. It was kept undisturbed for Actinomycetes Isolation Agar (AIA) media. Among at least half an hour till 2 different layers get them some isolates were having potential activity separated clearly. Two layers when separated against indicator organisms. In the present study collected in different beakers. Solvent was evaporated AIA29 isolate was further studied for their 0 by keeping beakers on water bath at 50-60 C and antibacterial activity. Isolate AIA 29 was referred to crude remaining in beakers were measured and used gram staining and biochemical tests. Morphology of 11 for further testing . the actinomycetes colonies was determined and tests like Catalase, Urease, Casein hydrolysis, Citrate Antimicrobial potential of crude extract After solvent extraction process with Pet ether, utilization, Starch hydrolysis, Triple sugar test(TSI), 8 Benzene, Chloroform and Ethyl acetate solvent Motility, etc were performed . system and crude obtained from this was applied on Primary screening test pathogens/indicator organisms on the Muller Primary screening was done for detection of Hinton Agar (MHA) petri plates. By the Disc antimicrobial activity of isolates against five indicator diffusion method antibacterial activity test was carried organisms. Two methods were used for primary out against selected above mentioned cultures. Plates screening:- Disc diffusion and well agar method9,10. were kept at 370C for 24-48 hrs and results were noted KUMARI et al.: BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIALS OF ACTINOMYCETES795 and complete zone of inhibition (IZ) was measured in AIA29 was noted against three test pathogens like millimeter (mm)8. Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus subtilis and no activity was recorded against GC-MS analysis of bioactive compounds
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The In¯Uence of Medication on Erectile Function
    International Journal of Impotence Research (1997) 9, 17±26 ß 1997 Stockton Press All rights reserved 0955-9930/97 $12.00 The in¯uence of medication on erectile function W Meinhardt1, RF Kropman2, P Vermeij3, AAB Lycklama aÁ Nijeholt4 and J Zwartendijk4 1Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands; 2Department of Urology, Leyenburg Hospital, Leyweg 275, 2545 CH The Hague, The Netherlands; 3Pharmacy; and 4Department of Urology, Leiden University Hospital, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands Keywords: impotence; side-effect; antipsychotic; antihypertensive; physiology; erectile function Introduction stopped their antihypertensive treatment over a ®ve year period, because of side-effects on sexual function.5 In the drug registration procedures sexual Several physiological mechanisms are involved in function is not a major issue. This means that erectile function. A negative in¯uence of prescrip- knowledge of the problem is mainly dependent on tion-drugs on these mechanisms will not always case reports and the lists from side effect registries.6±8 come to the attention of the clinician, whereas a Another way of looking at the problem is drug causing priapism will rarely escape the atten- combining available data on mechanisms of action tion. of drugs with the knowledge of the physiological When erectile function is in¯uenced in a negative mechanisms involved in erectile function. The way compensation may occur. For example, age- advantage of this approach is that remedies may related penile sensory disorders may be compen- evolve from it. sated for by extra stimulation.1 Diminished in¯ux of In this paper we will discuss the subject in the blood will lead to a slower onset of the erection, but following order: may be accepted.
    [Show full text]
  • N-Hexadecane Fuel for a Phosphoric Acid Direct Hydrocarbon Fuel Cell
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Fuels Volume 2015, Article ID 748679, 9 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/748679 Research Article n-Hexadecane Fuel for a Phosphoric Acid Direct Hydrocarbon Fuel Cell Yuanchen Zhu,1,2 Travis Robinson,1 Amani Al-Othman,2,3 André Y. Tremblay,1 and Marten Ternan4 1 Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, 161 Louis Pasteur, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5 2Catalysis Centre for Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5 3Chemical Engineering, American University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE 4EnPross Incorporated, 147 Banning Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K2L 1C5 Correspondence should be addressed to Marten Ternan; [email protected] Received 8 January 2015; Accepted 17 March 2015 Academic Editor: Michele Gambino Copyright © 2015 Yuanchen Zhu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The objective of this work was to examine fuel cells as a possible alternative to the diesel fuel engines currently used inrailway locomotives, thereby decreasing air emissions from the railway transportation sector. We have investigated the performance of a phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC) reactor, with n-hexadecane, C16H34 (a model compound for diesel fuel, cetane number = 100). This is the first extensive study reported in the literature in which n-hexadecane is used directly as the fuel. Measurements were made to obtain both polarization curves and time-on-stream results. Because deactivation was observed hydrogen polarization curves were measured before and after n-hexadecane experiments, to determine the extent of deactivation of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA).
    [Show full text]
  • Synthetic Turf Scientific Advisory Panel Meeting Materials
    California Environmental Protection Agency Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment Synthetic Turf Study Synthetic Turf Scientific Advisory Panel Meeting May 31, 2019 MEETING MATERIALS THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment California Environmental Protection Agency Agenda Synthetic Turf Scientific Advisory Panel Meeting May 31, 2019, 9:30 a.m. – 4:00 p.m. 1001 I Street, CalEPA Headquarters Building, Sacramento Byron Sher Auditorium The agenda for this meeting is given below. The order of items on the agenda is provided for general reference only. The order in which items are taken up by the Panel is subject to change. 1. Welcome and Opening Remarks 2. Synthetic Turf and Playground Studies Overview 4. Synthetic Turf Field Exposure Model Exposure Equations Exposure Parameters 3. Non-Targeted Chemical Analysis Volatile Organics on Synthetic Turf Fields Non-Polar Organics Constituents in Crumb Rubber Polar Organic Constituents in Crumb Rubber 5. Public Comments: For members of the public attending in-person: Comments will be limited to three minutes per commenter. For members of the public attending via the internet: Comments may be sent via email to [email protected]. Email comments will be read aloud, up to three minutes each, by staff of OEHHA during the public comment period, as time allows. 6. Further Panel Discussion and Closing Remarks 7. Wrap Up and Adjournment Agenda Synthetic Turf Advisory Panel Meeting May 31, 2019 THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment California Environmental Protection Agency DRAFT for Discussion at May 2019 SAP Meeting. Table of Contents Synthetic Turf and Playground Studies Overview May 2019 Update .....
    [Show full text]
  • Vapor Pressures and Vaporization Enthalpies of the N-Alkanes from C31 to C38 at T ) 298.15 K by Correlation Gas Chromatography
    BATCH: je3a29 USER: ckt69 DIV: @xyv04/data1/CLS_pj/GRP_je/JOB_i03/DIV_je030236t DATE: March 15, 2004 1 Vapor Pressures and Vaporization Enthalpies of the n-Alkanes from 2 C31 to C38 at T ) 298.15 K by Correlation Gas Chromatography 3 James S. Chickos* and William Hanshaw 4 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of MissourisSt. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA 5 6 The temperature dependence of gas-chromatographic retention times for henitriacontane to octatriacontane 7 is reported. These data are used in combination with other literature values to evaluate the vaporization 8 enthalpies and vapor pressures of these n-alkanes from T ) 298.15 to 575 K. The vapor pressure and 9 vaporization enthalpy results obtained are compared with existing literature data where possible and 10 found to be internally consistent. The vaporization enthalpies and vapor pressures obtained for the 11 n-alkanes are also tested directly and through the use of thermochemical cycles using literature values 12 for several polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Sublimation enthalpies are also calculated for hentriacontane to 13 octatriacontane by combining vaporization enthalpies with temperature adjusted fusion enthalpies. 14 15 Introduction vaporization enthalpies of C21 to C30 to include C31 to C38. 54 The vapor pressures and vaporization enthalpies of these 55 16 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are important larger n-alkanes have been evaluated using the technique 56 17 environmental contaminants, many of which exhibit very of correlation gas chromatography. This technique relies 57 18 low vapor pressures. In the gas phase, they exist mainly entirely on the use of standards in assessment. Standards 58 19 sorbed to aerosol particles.
    [Show full text]
  • Measurements of Higher Alkanes Using NO Chemical Ionization in PTR-Tof-MS
    Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 14123–14138, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-14123-2020 © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Measurements of higher alkanes using NOC chemical ionization in PTR-ToF-MS: important contributions of higher alkanes to secondary organic aerosols in China Chaomin Wang1,2, Bin Yuan1,2, Caihong Wu1,2, Sihang Wang1,2, Jipeng Qi1,2, Baolin Wang3, Zelong Wang1,2, Weiwei Hu4, Wei Chen4, Chenshuo Ye5, Wenjie Wang5, Yele Sun6, Chen Wang3, Shan Huang1,2, Wei Song4, Xinming Wang4, Suxia Yang1,2, Shenyang Zhang1,2, Wanyun Xu7, Nan Ma1,2, Zhanyi Zhang1,2, Bin Jiang1,2, Hang Su8, Yafang Cheng8, Xuemei Wang1,2, and Min Shao1,2 1Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, 511443 Guangzhou, China 2Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, 511443 Guangzhou, China 3School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), 250353 Jinan, China 4State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 510640 Guangzhou, China 5State Joint Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, China 6State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese
    [Show full text]
  • Supporting Information for Modeling the Formation and Composition Of
    Supporting Information for Modeling the Formation and Composition of Secondary Organic Aerosol from Diesel Exhaust Using Parameterized and Semi-explicit Chemistry and Thermodynamic Models Sailaja Eluri1, Christopher D. Cappa2, Beth Friedman3, Delphine K. Farmer3, and Shantanu H. Jathar1 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA, 80523 2 Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA, 95616 3 Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA, 80523 Correspondence to: Shantanu H. Jathar ([email protected]) Table S1: Mass speciation and kOH for VOC emissions profile #3161 3 -1 - Species Name kOH (cm molecules s Mass Percent (%) 1) (1-methylpropyl) benzene 8.50×10'() 0.023 (2-methylpropyl) benzene 8.71×10'() 0.060 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene 3.27×10'(( 0.056 1,2,4-trimethylbenzene 3.25×10'(( 0.246 1,2-diethylbenzene 8.11×10'() 0.042 1,2-propadiene 9.82×10'() 0.218 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene 5.67×10'(( 0.088 1,3-butadiene 6.66×10'(( 0.088 1-butene 3.14×10'(( 0.311 1-methyl-2-ethylbenzene 7.44×10'() 0.065 1-methyl-3-ethylbenzene 1.39×10'(( 0.116 1-pentene 3.14×10'(( 0.148 2,2,4-trimethylpentane 3.34×10'() 0.139 2,2-dimethylbutane 2.23×10'() 0.028 2,3,4-trimethylpentane 6.60×10'() 0.009 2,3-dimethyl-1-butene 5.38×10'(( 0.014 2,3-dimethylhexane 8.55×10'() 0.005 2,3-dimethylpentane 7.14×10'() 0.032 2,4-dimethylhexane 8.55×10'() 0.019 2,4-dimethylpentane 4.77×10'() 0.009 2-methylheptane 8.28×10'() 0.028 2-methylhexane 6.86×10'()
    [Show full text]
  • Safety Data Sheet
    SAFETY DATA SHEET Flammable Liquid Mixture: Docosane / Dodecane / Eicosane / Hexacosane / Hexadecane / Hexane / N-Decane / N-Heptane / N-Nonane / N-Octadecane / N- Octane / Octacosane / Tetracosane / Tetradecane Section 1. Identification GHS product identifier : Flammable Liquid Mixture: Docosane / Dodecane / Eicosane / Hexacosane / Hexadecane / Hexane / N-Decane / N-Heptane / N-Nonane / N-Octadecane / N-Octane / Octacosane / Tetracosane / Tetradecane Other means of : Not available. identification Product use : Synthetic/Analytical chemistry. SDS # : 019735 Supplier's details : Airgas USA, LLC and its affiliates 259 North Radnor-Chester Road Suite 100 Radnor, PA 19087-5283 1-610-687-5253 24-hour telephone : 1-866-734-3438 Section 2. Hazards identification OSHA/HCS status : This material is considered hazardous by the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200). Classification of the : FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS - Category 1 substance or mixture SKIN CORROSION/IRRITATION - Category 2 SERIOUS EYE DAMAGE/ EYE IRRITATION - Category 2A TOXIC TO REPRODUCTION (Fertility) - Category 2 TOXIC TO REPRODUCTION (Unborn child) - Category 2 SPECIFIC TARGET ORGAN TOXICITY (SINGLE EXPOSURE) (Respiratory tract irritation) - Category 3 SPECIFIC TARGET ORGAN TOXICITY (SINGLE EXPOSURE) (Narcotic effects) - Category 3 SPECIFIC TARGET ORGAN TOXICITY (REPEATED EXPOSURE) - Category 2 AQUATIC HAZARD (ACUTE) - Category 2 AQUATIC HAZARD (LONG-TERM) - Category 1 GHS label elements Hazard pictograms : Signal word : Danger Hazard statements : Extremely flammable liquid and vapor. May form explosive mixtures in Air. Causes serious eye irritation. Causes skin irritation. May cause respiratory irritation. Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child. May cause drowsiness and dizziness. May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure. Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. Precautionary statements General : Read label before use.
    [Show full text]
  • Vapor Pressures and Vaporization Enthalpies of the N-Alkanes from 2 C21 to C30 at T ) 298.15 K by Correlation Gas Chromatography
    BATCH: je1a04 USER: jeh69 DIV: @xyv04/data1/CLS_pj/GRP_je/JOB_i01/DIV_je0301747 DATE: October 17, 2003 1 Vapor Pressures and Vaporization Enthalpies of the n-Alkanes from 2 C21 to C30 at T ) 298.15 K by Correlation Gas Chromatography 3 James S. Chickos* and William Hanshaw 4 Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of MissourisSt. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63121 5 6 The temperature dependence of gas chromatographic retention times for n-heptadecane to n-triacontane 7 is reported. These data are used to evaluate the vaporization enthalpies of these compounds at T ) 298.15 8 K, and a protocol is described that provides vapor pressures of these n-alkanes from T ) 298.15 to 575 9 K. The vapor pressure and vaporization enthalpy results obtained are compared with existing literature 10 data where possible and found to be internally consistent. Sublimation enthalpies for n-C17 to n-C30 are 11 calculated by combining vaporization enthalpies with fusion enthalpies and are compared when possible 12 to direct measurements. 13 14 Introduction 15 The n-alkanes serve as excellent standards for the 16 measurement of vaporization enthalpies of hydrocarbons.1,2 17 Recently, the vaporization enthalpies of the n-alkanes 18 reported in the literature were examined and experimental 19 values were selected on the basis of how well their 20 vaporization enthalpies correlated with their enthalpies of 21 transfer from solution to the gas phase as measured by gas 22 chromatography.3 A plot of the vaporization enthalpies of 23 the n-alkanes as a function of the number of carbon atoms 24 is given in Figure 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Table 2. Chemical Names and Alternatives, Abbreviations, and Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Numbers
    Table 2. Chemical names and alternatives, abbreviations, and Chemical Abstracts Service registry numbers. [Final list compiled according to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Web site (http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/); NIST Standard Reference Database No. 69, June 2005 release, last accessed May 9, 2008. CAS, Chemical Abstracts Service. This report contains CAS Registry Numbers®, which is a Registered Trademark of the American Chemical Society. CAS recommends the verification of the CASRNs through CAS Client ServicesSM] Aliphatic hydrocarbons CAS registry number Some alternative names n-decane 124-18-5 n-undecane 1120-21-4 n-dodecane 112-40-3 n-tridecane 629-50-5 n-tetradecane 629-59-4 n-pentadecane 629-62-9 n-hexadecane 544-76-3 n-heptadecane 629-78-7 pristane 1921-70-6 n-octadecane 593-45-3 phytane 638-36-8 n-nonadecane 629-92-5 n-eicosane 112-95-8 n-Icosane n-heneicosane 629-94-7 n-Henicosane n-docosane 629-97-0 n-tricosane 638-67-5 n-tetracosane 643-31-1 n-pentacosane 629-99-2 n-hexacosane 630-01-3 n-heptacosane 593-49-7 n-octacosane 630-02-4 n-nonacosane 630-03-5 n-triacontane 638-68-6 n-hentriacontane 630-04-6 n-dotriacontane 544-85-4 n-tritriacontane 630-05-7 n-tetratriacontane 14167-59-0 Table 2. Chemical names and alternatives, abbreviations, and Chemical Abstracts Service registry numbers.—Continued [Final list compiled according to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Web site (http://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/); NIST Standard Reference Database No.
    [Show full text]
  • The Strength in Numbers: Comprehensive Characterization of House Dust Using Complementary Mass Spectrometric Techniques
    Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-019-01615-6 PAPER IN FOREFRONT The strength in numbers: comprehensive characterization of house dust using complementary mass spectrometric techniques Pawel Rostkowski1 & Peter Haglund2 & Reza Aalizadeh3 & Nikiforos Alygizakis 3,4 & Nikolaos Thomaidis 3 & Joaquin Beltran Arandes5 & Pernilla Bohlin Nizzetto1 & Petra Booij 6 & Hélène Budzinski7 & Pamela Brunswick8 & Adrian Covaci9 & Christine Gallampois2 & Sylvia Grosse10 & Ralph Hindle11 & Ildiko Ipolyi4 & Karl Jobst12 & Sarit L. Kaserzon13 & Pim Leonards14 & Francois Lestremau15 & Thomas Letzel10 & Jörgen Magnér16,17 & Hidenori Matsukami18 & Christoph Moschet19 & Peter Oswald 4 & Merle Plassmann20 & Jaroslav Slobodnik4 & Chun Yang21 Received: 6 November 2018 /Revised: 20 December 2018 /Accepted: 15 January 2019 # The Author(s) 2019 Abstract Untargeted analysis of a composite house dust sample has been performed as part of a collaborative effort to evaluate the progress in the field of suspect and nontarget screening and build an extensive database of organic indoor environment contaminants. Twenty- one participants reported results that were curated by the organizers of the collaborative trial. In total, nearly 2350 compounds were identified (18%) or tentatively identified (25% at confidence level 2 and 58% at confidence level 3), making the collaborative trial a success. However, a relatively small share (37%) of all compounds were reported by more than one participant, which shows that there is plenty of room for improvement in the field of suspect and nontarget screening. An even a smaller share (5%) of the total number of compounds were detected using both liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography– mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Thus, the two MS techniques are highly complementary.
    [Show full text]
  • Accuracy and Methodologic Challenges of Volatile Organic Compound–Based Exhaled Breath Tests for Cancer Diagnosis: a Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis
    1 Supplementary Online Content Hanna GB, Boshier PR, Markar SR, Romano A. Accuracy and Methodologic Challenges of Volatile Organic Compound–Based Exhaled Breath Tests for Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis. JAMA Oncol. Published online August 16, 2018. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2018.2815 Supplement. eTable 1. Search strategy for cancer systematic review eTable 2. Modification of QUADAS-2 assessment tools eTable 3. QUADAS-2 results eTable 6. STARD assessment of each study eTable 7. Summary of factors reported to influence levels of volatile organic compounds within exhaled breath eFigure 1. Risk of bias and applicability concerns using QUADAS-2 eFigure 2. PRISMA flowchart of literature search eTable 4. Details of studies on exhaled volatile organic compounds in cancer eTable 5. Cancer VOCs in exhaled breath and their chemical class. eFigure 3. Chemical classes of VOCs reported in different tumor sites. This supplementary material has been provided by the authors to give readers additional information about their work. © 2018 American Medical Association. All rights reserved. Downloaded From: https://jamanetwork.com/ on 10/01/2021 2 eTable 1. Search strategy for cancer systematic review # Search 1 (cancer or neoplasm* or malignancy).ab. 2 limit 1 to abstracts 3 limit 2 to cochrane library [Limit not valid in Ovid MEDLINE(R),Ovid MEDLINE(R) Daily Update,Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process,Ovid MEDLINE(R) Publisher; records were retained] 4 limit 3 to english language 5 limit 4 to human 6 limit 5 to yr="2000 -Current" 7 limit 6 to humans 8 (cancer or neoplasm* or malignancy).ti. 9 limit 8 to abstracts 10 limit 9 to cochrane library [Limit not valid in Ovid MEDLINE(R),Ovid MEDLINE(R) Daily Update,Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process,Ovid MEDLINE(R) Publisher; records were retained] 11 limit 10 to english language 12 limit 11 to human 13 limit 12 to yr="2000 -Current" 14 limit 13 to humans 15 7 or 14 16 (volatile organic compound* or VOC* or Breath or Exhaled).ab.
    [Show full text]
  • Drug and Medication Classification Schedule
    KENTUCKY HORSE RACING COMMISSION UNIFORM DRUG, MEDICATION, AND SUBSTANCE CLASSIFICATION SCHEDULE KHRC 8-020-1 (11/2018) Class A drugs, medications, and substances are those (1) that have the highest potential to influence performance in the equine athlete, regardless of their approval by the United States Food and Drug Administration, or (2) that lack approval by the United States Food and Drug Administration but have pharmacologic effects similar to certain Class B drugs, medications, or substances that are approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. Acecarbromal Bolasterone Cimaterol Divalproex Fluanisone Acetophenazine Boldione Citalopram Dixyrazine Fludiazepam Adinazolam Brimondine Cllibucaine Donepezil Flunitrazepam Alcuronium Bromazepam Clobazam Dopamine Fluopromazine Alfentanil Bromfenac Clocapramine Doxacurium Fluoresone Almotriptan Bromisovalum Clomethiazole Doxapram Fluoxetine Alphaprodine Bromocriptine Clomipramine Doxazosin Flupenthixol Alpidem Bromperidol Clonazepam Doxefazepam Flupirtine Alprazolam Brotizolam Clorazepate Doxepin Flurazepam Alprenolol Bufexamac Clormecaine Droperidol Fluspirilene Althesin Bupivacaine Clostebol Duloxetine Flutoprazepam Aminorex Buprenorphine Clothiapine Eletriptan Fluvoxamine Amisulpride Buspirone Clotiazepam Enalapril Formebolone Amitriptyline Bupropion Cloxazolam Enciprazine Fosinopril Amobarbital Butabartital Clozapine Endorphins Furzabol Amoxapine Butacaine Cobratoxin Enkephalins Galantamine Amperozide Butalbital Cocaine Ephedrine Gallamine Amphetamine Butanilicaine Codeine
    [Show full text]