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Limitation Where Author Is First Owner of Copyright: Reversionary Interest in the Copyright Some Comments on Section 14 Of 1 LIMITATION WHERE AUTHOR IS FIRST OWNER OF COPYRIGHT: REVERSIONARY INTEREST IN THE COPYRIGHT SOME COMMENTS ON SECTION 14 OF THE CANADIAN COPYRIGHT ACT * LAURENT CARRIÈRE ROBIC, LLP LAWYERS , PATENT & TRADEMARK AGENTS Text of Section 1.0 Related Sections 2.0 Related Regulations 3.0 Prior Legislation 3.1 Corresponding Section in Prior Legislation 3.2 Legislative History 3.2.1 S.C. 1921, c. 24, s. 11(2) part and 11(3). 3.2.2 R.S.C. 1927, c. 32, s. 12(3) and (4). 3.2.3 3.2.3 R.S.C. 1952, c. 55, s. 12(5) & (6). 3.2.4 R.S.C. 1970, c. C-30, s. 12(5) & (6). 3.2.5 R.S.C. 1985, c. C-42, s. 14(1) & (2). 3.3 Transitional 3.3.1 S.C. 1999, c. 24, s. 55(3) 4.0 Purpose 5.0 Commentary 5.1 History 5.2 General 5.3 Applicability 5.3.1 Author first owner 5.3.2 “After June 4, 1921” 5.3.3 “Otherwise than by will” 5.4 Public Order 5.4.1 Agreement to the contrary 5.4.2 Contrary agreement void 5.4.3 Asset of the author’s estate 5.4.4 Permanent Damage to Reversionary Interest 5.5 Exception 5.5.1 Collective work 5.5.2 Licence © CIPS, 2003. * Lawyer and trade-mark agent, Laurent Carrière is a partner with ROBIC, LLP , a multidisciplinary firm of lawyers, patent and trademark agents. Published as part of a Robic’s Canadian Copyright Act Annotated (Carswell). Publication 302. 2 6.0 Case Law 6.1 Canada 6.2 United Kingdom 7.0 List Of Cases 7.1 Canada 7.2 United Kingdom 8.0 Authors 8.1 Canada 8.2 United Kingdom 8.3 Varia 9.0 Varia 9.1 United Kingdom Copyright Act, 1911 9.2 United States Copyright Act LIMITATION WHERE AUTHOR IS FIRST LIMITATION DANS LE CAS OÙ OWNER OF COPYRIGHT L’AUTEUR EST LE PREMIER POSSESSEUR DU DROIT D’AUTEUR 14. (1) Where the author of a work is 14. (1) Lorsque l’auteur d’une œuvre the first owner of the copyright therein, est le premier titulaire du droit d’auteur no assignment of the copyright and no sur cette œuvre, aucune cession du grant of any interest therein, made by droit d’auteur ni aucune concession him, otherwise than by will, after June d’un intérêt dans ce droit, faite par lui 4, 1921, is operative to vest in the — autrement que par testament — assignee or grantee any rights with après le 4 juin 1921, n’a l’effet respect to the copyright in the work d’investir le cessionnaire ou le beyond the expiration of twenty-five concessionnaire d’un droit years from the death of the author, and quelconque, à l’égard du droit d’auteur the reversionary interest in the sur l’œuvre, pendant plus de vingt- copyright expectant on the termination cinq ans à compter de la mort de of that period shall, on the death of the l’auteur; la réversibilité du droit author, notwithstanding any d’auteur, en expectative à la fin de agreement to the contrary, devolve on cette période, est dévolue, à la mort de his legal representatives as part of the l’auteur, nonobstant tout arrangement estate of the author, and any contraire, à ses représentants légaux agreement entered into by the author comme faisant partie de ses biens; as to the disposition of such toute stipulation conclue par lui reversionary interest is void. concernant la disposition d’un tel droit de réversibilité est nulle. RESTRICTION RESTRICTION (2) Nothing in subsection (1) shall be Le paragraphe (1) ne doit pas construed as applying to the s’interpréter comme s’appliquant à la assignment of the copyright in a cession du droit d’auteur sur un collective work or a licence to publish recueil ou à une licence de publier une a work or part of a work as part of a œuvre, en totalité ou en partie, à titre collective work. de contribution à un recueil. (3) [Repealed S.C. 1997, c. 24, s. 11] [Abrogé S.C. 1997, ch. 24, art. 11] (4) [Repealed R.S.C. 1985, c. 10 (4th [Abrogé L.R.C. (1985), ch. 10 (4e Supp.), s. 3] suppl.), art. 3 R.S.C. 1985 c. C-42, s. 14; R.S.C. 1985 (4th Supp.), c. 10, s. 3; S.C. 1997, c. 24, s.11 ROBIC, LLP MONTREAL QUEBEC th www.robic.ca 1001 Square-Victoria - Bloc E - 8 Floor 2828 Laurier Boulevard, Tower 1, Suite 925 [email protected] Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2Z 2B7 Quebec, Quebec, Canada G1V 0B9 Tel.: +1 514 987-6242 Fax: +1 514 845-7874 Tel.: +1 418 653-1888 Fax.: +1 418 653-0006 4 §1.0 Related Sections Section 2—Definitions: “Collective work”, “copyright”, “Legal representatives”, “Work”; section 2.2 − Definition of “publication”; section 3 − Copyright in works; section 13 — Ownership of copyright; section 36—Protection of separate rights. §2.0 Related Regulations None. §3.0 Prior Legislation §3.1 Corresponding Section in Prior Legislation Subsections 11(2) part & 11(3) from 1924.01.01 to 1928.01.31; subsections 12(3), (4) from 1928.02.01 to 1953.09.14; subsections 12(5), (6) from 1953.09.15 to 1988.12.11; section 14 from 1988.12.12 to present. Note: Section 14(4) in R.S.C. 1985, c. C-42 was abrogated by section 3 of S.C. 1988, c. 15 and was replaced by sections 14.1 and 14.2 in R.S.C. 1985 (4th Supp.), c. 10. §3.2 Legislative History §3.2.1 S.C. 1921, c. 24, s. 11(2) part and 11(3). LIMITATIONS IN CASE THE AUTHOR IS LIMITATIONS DANS LE CAS OÙ FIRST OWNER OF COPYRIGHT L’AUTEUR EST LE PREMIER POSSESSEUR DU DROIT D’AUTEUR Provided that, where the author of a work Toutefois, lorsque l’auteur d’une œuvre is the first owner of the copyright therein, est le premier titulaire du droit d’auteur no assignment of the copyright, and no sur cette œuvre, aucune cession du droit grant of any interest therein, made by him d’auteur ni aucune concession d’une (otherwise than by will) after the passing faculté inhérente à ce droit, faite par lui of the Act, shall be operative to vest in the (autrement que par testament) après assignee or grantee any rights with l’adoption de la présente loi, n’aura l’effet respect to the copyright in the work d’investir le cessionnaire ou le beyond the expiration of twenty-five years concessionnaire d’un droit quelconque, from the death of the author, and the compris dans le droit d’auteur sur l’œuvre, reversionary interest in the copyright au delà du terme de vingt-cinq ans, à expectant on the termination of that compter de la mort de l’auteur; la ROBIC, LLP MONTREAL QUEBEC th www.robic.ca 1001 Square-Victoria - Bloc E - 8 Floor 2828 Laurier Boulevard, Tower 1, Suite 925 [email protected] Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2Z 2B7 Quebec, Quebec, Canada G1V 0B9 Tel.: +1 514 987-6242 Fax: +1 514 845-7874 Tel.: +1 418 653-1888 Fax.: +1 418 653-0006 5 period shall, on the death of the author, réversibilité du droit d’auteur, encore notwithstanding any agreement to the valable à la fin de cette période, sera contrary, devolve on his legal dévolue, à la mort de l’auteur, nonobstant representatives as part of his estate, and tout arrangement contraire, à ses any agreement entered into by him as in représentants légaux comme faisant the disposition of such reversionary partie de ses biens; toute stipulation interest shall be null and void; but nothing conclue par lui en vue de disposer d’un tel in this provision shall be construed as droit de réversibilité sera nulle et non applying to the assignment of the avenue; cependant, la présente réserve copyright in a collective work or a license ne devra pas être interprété comme to publish a work or part of a work as part s’appliquant à la cession du droit d’auteur of a collective work. sur un recueil ou à la licence de publier une œuvre, en totalité ou en partie, à titre de contribution à une œuvre collective. OWNERSHIP IN CASE OF PARTIAL POSSESSION DANS LE CAS DE ASSIGNMENT CESSION PARTIELLE (3) Where, under any partial assignment (3) Lorsque, en vertu d’une cession of copyright, the assignee becomes partielle du droit d’auteur, le cessionnaire entitled to any right comprised in est investi d’un droit quelconque compris copyright, the assignee, as respects the dans le droit d’auteur, on traitera comme rights so assigned, and the assignor, as titulaire de ce droit, pour les effets de la respects the rights not assigned, shall be présente loi, le cessionnaire en ce qui treated for the purposes of this Act as the concerne le droit ainsi cédé, et le cédant owner of the copyright and the provisions en ce qui concerne les droits non cédés, of this Act shall have effect accordingly. et les dispositions de la présente loi reçoivent leur application en conséquence. §3.2.2 R.S.C. 1927, c. 32, s. 12(3) and (4). LIMITATION IN CASE THE AUTHOR IS LIMITATION DANS LE CAS OÙ FIRST OWNER OF COPYRIGHT L’AUTEUR EST LE PREMIER POSSESSEUR DU DROIT D’AUTEUR 3. Where the author of a work is the first 3.
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