Table 2.1 The Faunal Record of Biodiversity at Joggins*
KINGDOM ANIMALIA Order PHRYNICHIDA (whip spiders) Graeophonus carbonarius PHYLUM PROTISTA (single-celled organisms) Class SARCODINA Order FORAMINIFERA Trochammina sp. Ammobaculites sp. Order SCORPIONIDA Ammotium sp. indet. cuticle Subphylum MYRIAPODA Class DIPLOPODA (millipedes) PHYLUM ANNELIDA (segmented worms) Order EURYSTERNA Class POLYCHAETA Xyloiulus (Xylobius) sigillariae Spirorbis carbonarius Archiulus xylobioides Incertae sedis ARTHROPLEURIDA PHYLUM ARTHROPODA (jointed-leg invertebrates) Arthropleura sp. Subphylum CRUSTACEA Subphylum INSECTA Class OSTRACODA Class PTERYGOTA (winged insects) Carbonita altilis Order MEGASECOPTERA C. elongata incertae familiae C. fabulina C. humilis C. pungens PHYLUM MOLLUSCA C. rankiniana Class BIVALVIA (Pelecypoda: clams) C. secans Order UNIONOIDA Hilboldtina rugulosa Archanodon (Asthenodonta) westonis Candona bairdiodes Order PTERIOIDA [Dysodonta] C. salteriana Naiadites carbonarius Velatomorpha sp. N. longus Class MALACOSTRACA (soft-shelled: cray-fishet al.) Curvirimula sp. Superorder EOCARIDA Order PYGOCEPHALOMORPHA Class GASTROPODA (snails) Pygocephalus (Anthrapalaemon) Subclass PULMONATA (Stylommatophora) (land snails) dubius Order ORTHURETHRA Dendropupa vetusta Pupa bigsbii
Subphylum CHELICERATA (pincer-bearing) Class MEROSTOMATA Incertae sedis Order XIPHOSURIDA Zonites priscus (sword-tailed: horseshoe crabs et al.) Belinurus sp. PHYLUM CHORDATA Subphylum VERTEBRATA Superclass PISCES Class ACANTHODII incertae sedis Subclass EURYPTERIDA (wing-like legs) GYRACANTHIDAE indet. cuticle, cf. Hibbertopterus/ Gyracanthus duplicatus Mycterops Class CHONDRICHTYES (cartilaginous fishes) Class ARACHNIDA (spiders, scorpions) incertae sedis Order ANTHRACOMARTIDA Ageleodus (Callopristodus) pectinatus Coryphomartus triangularis Subclass ELASMOBRANCHII (sharks) Order XENACANTHIDA Xenacanthus sp.
22 | Joggins Fossil Cliffs Order CTENACANTHIFORMES Class AMPHIBIA Ctenacanthus sp. Subclass BATRACHOMORPHA (true amphibians) Subclass HOLOCEPHALI Order TEMNOSPONDYLI Order CHIMAERIDA Dendrerpeton acadianum Helodus sp. Dendrerpeton confusum Incertae sedis ‘PETALODONTIDA’ (ray-like fishes) Dendrepeton helogenes Ctenoptychius cristatus indeterminate Cochleosauridae Order MICROSAURIA Asaphestera (Hylerpeton) intermedium Hylerpeton dawsoni Leiocephalikon problematicum Ricnodon sp. Class OSTEICHTHYES (bony fishes) Subclass ACTINOPTERYGII (ray-finned fishes) Order PALAEONISCIFORMES Haplolepis cf. corrugata Subclass REPTILIOMORPHA H. cf. canadensis Order ANTHRACOSAURIA (EMBOLOMERI) Subclass SARCOPTERYGII (lobe fins) Calligenethlon watsoni [Order ACTINISTIA] Order CROSSOPTERYGII Rhizodopsis/ Strepsodus sp. Megalichthys sp.
Class REPTILIA Suborder COELACANTHINI Subclass ANAPSIDA (indet. scales) Order CAPTORHINOMORPHA Superfamily DIPNOI (lungfish) (protorothyrids & captorhinids) Ctenodus (Conchodus) plicatus Hylonomus lyelli Sagenodus cristatus Archerpeton anthracos S. plicatus Superclass TETRAPODA incertae sedis Hylonomus ociedentatus Subclass SYNAPSIDA Hylonomus wymani Order PELYCOSAURIA Class NEOTETRAPODA Protoclepsydrops haplous Order BAPHETOIDEA Incertae sedis Family BAPHETIDAE Novascoticus (Hylonomus) multidens ‘Baphetes minor’ [“Eosaurus acadiensis”= exotic ichthyosaur?]
* Note that systematic taxonomy for many of these groups in the fossil record is problematic, and many variations exist, particularly for the vertebrates.
Joggins Fossil Cliffs | 23 Table 2.2 The Record of Vertebrate Trace Fossils of The Joggins Fossil Cliffs
KINGDOM ANIMALIA
PHYLUM Chordata Subphylum VERTEBRATA Superclass TETRAPODA Goodrich, 1930 Amphibia indet. Class AMPHIBIA Matthewichnus (Dromopus) velox Order MICROSAURIA (Matthew, 1905) Haubold, 1970 Barillopus arctus Matthew, 1905 Quadropedia (Cursipes) levis B. confusus Matthew, 1905 (Matthew, 1905) Haubold, 1970 B. (Baropus) unguifer Matthew, 1903 Salichnium (Ornithoides) adamsii (Matthew, 1905) Haubold, 1970 Class REPTILIA Ornithoides (Hylopus) trifudus Order CAPTORHINOMORPHA (Dawson, 1895) Matthew, 1903 Asperipes avipes (Matthew, 1903c) Dromillopus quadrifidus Matthew, 1905 A. flexilis Matthew, 1905 D. (Dromopus) celer (Matthew, 1903) Pseudobradypus (Sauropus) caudifer Matthew, 1905 (Dawson, 1882) Haubold, 1971 Order TEMNOSPONDYLLI (Edopoidea, Eryopoidea) Anthichnium (Nanopus) obtusum (Matthew, 1905) Haubold, 1970 Familiae incertae A. (Nanopus) quadratum *Pseudobradypus (Sauropus) unguifer (Matthew, 1905) Haubold, 1970 (Dawson, 1872) Matthew 1903 Baropezia (Sauropus) sydnensis (Dawson 1863) Cursipes dawsoni Matthew, 1903b Hylopus minor Matthew, 1905 Limnopus (Theranopus?) mcnaughtoni (Matthew, 1903c) Haubold, 1970
Table 2.3 The Fossil Record of Invertebrate Traces of the Joggins Fossil Cliffs
KINGDOM ANIMALIA
PHYLUM Annelida Arenicolites Salter, 1857 Haplotichnus Miller, 1889 Cochlichnus Hitchcock,1858 Laevicyclus sp. Planolites montanus Planolites beverlexensis Skolithos linearis Treptichnus pollardi Miller, 1880 Taenidium barretti Heer, 1877 Taenidium annulata
PHYLUM Arthropoda Subphylum MYRIAPODA Protichnites Owen, 1852 Order ARTHROPLEURIDA Subphylum CHELICERATA Diplichnites Dawson, 1873 Class MEROSTOMATA Indeterminate Order XIPHOSURIDA Fuershichnus sp. Kouphichnium Nopsca,1923 Palaeophycus hebrati cf. Limulocubichnus Palaeophycus tekularis Rhizocorallium jenese
24 | Joggins Fossil Cliffs Table 2.4 The Fossil Macrofloral Record of Joggins, Incorporating Revised Taxonomy of R.H. Wagner, Jardin Botanico de Córdoba
KINGDOM PLANTAE Family LAGENOSTOMACEAE Eusphenopteris obtusiloba PHYLUM Tracheophyta (Brong niart) Novik Class PROGYMNOSPERMOPSIDA Eusphenopteris trigonophylla Order CORDAITALES (Behrend) Van Amerom Artisia transversa Palmatopteris furcata Cordaites principalis (Germar) Geinitz (Brongniart) Potonié Cordaites palmaeformis Palmatopteris alata (Brongniart) Potonié (Göppert) Weiss Class FILICOPSIDA Cordaianthus sp. Order BOTRYOPTERIDALES wood Family TEDELACEAE Cordiaxylon cf. C. dumusum Senftenbergia plumosa (Artis) Stur Rothwell & Warner Family URNATOPTERIDACEAE Dadoxylon sp. Zeilleria delicatula (Sternberg) Kidston Mesoxylon cf. sutcliffi Zeilleria frenzlii (Stur) Kidston seeds Zeilleria hymenophylloides Kidston Cordaicarpus dawsoni Zeilleria pilosa (Dawson) Wagner Samaropsis sp. Goeppert Zeilleria schaumburg-lippeana (Stur) Zeiller Renaultia crepinii (Stur) Zeiller Renaultia gracilis (Brongniart) Zeiller Renaultia footneri (Marrat) Kidston Order NOEGGERATHIALES? Renaultia rotundifolia (Andrae) Zeiller Adiantites adiantoides Renaultia schatzlarensis (Stur) Zeiller (Lindley and Hutton) Kidston Sphenopteris (Renaultia) Pseudadiantites rhomboideus schwerinii (Stur) Zeiller (Ettingshausen) Wagner cf. Boweria schatzlarensis Kidston Oligocarpia brongniartii Stur Sphenopteris deltiformis Kidston Class CYCADOPSIDA Barnard & Long Sphenopteris dixonii Kidston Order TRIGONOCARPALES Seward Sphenopteris effusa Kidston Family POTONIEACEAE Sphenopteris fletcheri Bell Paripteris pseudogigantea Sphenopteris moyseyi Kidston (Potonié) Gothan Sphenopteris sp. indet Family TRIGONOCARPACEAE Sphenopteris sp. Alethopteris discrepans Dawson Sturia amoena* Alethopteris urophylla Brongniart Order COENOPTERIDALES Alethopteris decurrens (Artis) Zeiller Family CORYNEPTERIDACEAe Karinopteris (Mariopteris) Corynepteris angustissima grandepinnata (Huth) Boersma (Sternberg) Nemejc Karinopteris tennesseana Class SPHENOPSIDA (Equisetopsida) (White) Gastaldo and Boersma Order EQUISETALES Mariopteris abnormis Gothan Family CALAMOSTACHYACEAE Mariopteris comata Bell Calamites carinatus Sternberg Mariopteris disjuncta Bell Calamites suckowi Brongniart Neuropteris cf. blissi Lesquereux Calamites cf. goeppertii Ettingshausen Neuropteris cf. hollandica Stockmans Calamites (Calamitina) sp. Neuropteris obliqua (Brongniart) Zeiller Neuropteris (Laveineopteris) tenuifolia (Schlotheim) Brongniart rhizome Neuralethopteris schlehanii (Stur) C. group varians of Bell Cremer roots Sphenopteris valida (Dawson) Stopes Pinnularia sp. Holcospermum sp. Nathorst foliage Trigonocarpus parkinsoni Brongniart Annularia aculeata Bell
Joggins Fossil Cliffs | 25 Table 2.4 The Fossil Macrofloral Record of Joggins, Incorporating Revised Taxonomy of R.H. Wagner, Jardin Botanico de Córdoba (continued)
Annularia asteris Bell Sigillaria scutellata Brongniart Annularia latifolia (Dawson) Kidston Sigillaria cf. scutellata Brongniart Annularia acicularis (Dawson) Matthew sp. indet. Annularia cf. stellata branch scar (Schlotheim) Wood Ulodendron Lindley and Hutton Asterophyllites charaeformis decorticated stem (Sternberg) Göppert Syringodendron sp. Asterophyllites grandis foliage (Sternberg) Göppert Cyperites sp. Lindley and Hutton Asterophyllites equisetiformis (Schlotheim) Brongniart cones Palaeostachya sp. Weiss cones and bracts Order BOWMANITALES Lepidostrobus ornatus Brongniart Family BOWMANITACEAE Lepidostrobus olryi Zeiller Sphenophyllum cf. kidstonii Lepidostrobophyllum lanceolatum Hemingway (Lindley & Hutton) Bell Class LYCOPSIDA Lepidostrobophyllum majus Order LEPIDOCARPALES (Brongniart) Hirmer cf. Bothrodendron punctatum Lepidostrobophyllum morrisianum Lindley and Hutton (Lesquereux) Tenchov Diaphorodendron sp. DiMichele Sigillariostrobus sp. Schimper Lepidodendron aculeatum Sternberg rootstock “Lepidodendron” bretonense Bell Stigmaria ficoides Sternberg Lepidodendron cf. fusiforme Corda Lepidodendron lycopodioides Sternberg Lepidodendron cf. obovatum Sternberg Lepidodendron worthenii Lesquereux Lepidophloios laricinus Sternberg Order ISOETALES Sigillaria cf. laevigata Brongniart Omphalophloios sp.? Sigillaria mamillaris Brongniart Sigillaria cf. rayosa
26 | Joggins Fossil Cliffs