Derivatives of the Hellenic Word “Hema” (Haema, Blood)

ARCHIVES OF HELLENIC MEDICINE 2012, 29(Suppl 1):8 -36 ÓÚááØÙÖÑÜÑáÙÞßÖáÖ ¦f¿ce¦c§§d©e¥de¦®fe¥d áĀø -36 ...... J. Meletis, 1 V. Goratsa 2 Derivatives of the Hellenic word “hema” ...... (haema, blood) in the English language 1Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, National (αίμα, αίματος, “hema (genitive), hematos”. and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Deriv: hem, -hem, -hem-, hema-, -hema, hema- School of Medicine, “Laiko” General Hospital, Athens, Greece , heme-, hemat-, -hemat-, hemata-, -hemata-, 2Department of Nursing Services, Laiko hematin-, hematino-, hemato-, -hemato-, hemo-, Hospital, Athens, Greece

-hemo-, -hemia, -hemic, -ema, -emia, -emic, Key words Abbreviations -emid, -emo) Anemia Adj. = Adjective Blood Adv. = Adverb Derivatives G. = Greek word Erythremia H. = Hema Hema L. = Latin word Hem n. = Noun Hematal v. = Verb Hematology Hemoglobin Leukemia

1. INTRODUCTION The twin meaning of the word “hema” (viscous fluid and warm, incandescent, clear, shiny, lively fluid) is therefore According to many linguists, the Greek word AIMA present in its etymology. It is also interesting to observe (haema , hema, blood) is derived from the ancient Greek the “social behaviour” of the word haema, i.e. the way it verb «αίθω» (aetho), which means “make red-hot, roast” or combines with other words to form compounds, itself oc- “warm, heat” (etho=inflame, kindle) . In most ipsissina verba, cupying the first or the second place. Noteworthy also are according to this interpretation, this word stems from the the statistics of these combinations and how they borrow passive present perfect of the verb «αίθω» (aetho) «ήσμαι» from non-Greek words. (hesme). From this, we get «αίσμα» (haesma) or «αίμα» (haema), which means literally: “hot” or “incandescent” or There are about 1.100 words in the English language “warm” (as it is supposed to be the body fluid). dictionaries, about 6.000.000 as well 350.000 words in Google and PubMed, respectively containing the Greek word “hema” It is also related to the verb «αιονάω» (aeonao=moisten, and its derivatives. Many words are Greek compounds with sprinkle, drench) . All the previous words draw their ancestry the prefixes hyper- , hypo-, auto- (“auto”=self, same), iso- from the Indoeuropean *sai-men (=viscous, mucous juice) (“iso”=equal, uniform ) or adding the privative an- (“α-”=without, and are related to Old Germanic seim (=pure honey) and not)). There are also compound Greek and Latin words (tab. Lithuanian syvas (=juice) . The verb «αίθω» (aetho) also gives 1). Many words are unedited or compound Greek words like the word «αίθωψ» (aethops=shiny, ardent, impetuous). hemadromography (H+G “dromos”=course +G “grapho”=to Some other related etymological derivations are also in- write), hemahyaloid (H+G “yalos”=glassy, transparent), he- teresting. For example, it is related to Latin aestas (=summer, mangioma (H+G “angeio”=blood vessel), hematapostema heat wave), Aisto-modius (=zealous), ancient Irish aed (=fire), (H+G “apostema”= process of suppuration), hematemesis (H+G French été (=summer) and the verb hâter (=hasten) and its de- “emesis”=vomiting), hematocrit (“hema”+G “krites”=judge), rivatives hâte, hâtif, hâtivement, ancient Macedonian «αδαλός» hematogenesis (H+G “genesis”=production), hematocele (H+G and «άσβολος» (adalos, asvolos=soot) , and «αδή» (ade=sky). It “cele”=tumor), hematocrya (H+G “krya”=cold), hematherm is also related to ancient and modern Greek «αιθήρ» (aether) (H+G “thermos”=warm), hematometer (H+G “metro”=meter), and «αιθέρας» (aetheras) respectively, meaning “clear sky”. hemapheresis (H+G “apheresis”=removing), hematophilia DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” "HAEMA, BLOOD# IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 9

Table 1. Examples of words in the English dictionary containing the hyperuricemia (G “hyper”+G “ourico”=uric +G “hema”), or Greek word “hema” and its derivatives. hypo- (“G “hypo” =below, beneath, under, less than normal)

1. Unedited or compound Greek words like hypoxemia (G “hypo”+G “oxy”=acid +G “hema”), hypoka- t Hematemesis (H+G “emesis”=vomiting) lemia (G “hypo”+G “kalio”=potassium+G “hema”) or auto- (G t Hematocrit (“hema”+G “krites”=judge) “auto”=self, same), iso- (G “iso”=equal, uniform ) or adding t Hemapheresis (H+G “apheresis”=removing) one privative a- (G “α-” =without, not) as in the word anemia t Hemodialysis (H+G “dialysis”=dissolution) (“a-”+ G “hema”). There are also compound Greek and Latin t Hemochromatosis (H+G “chroma”=colour, “chrosis”=coloration) words like hemoglobin (H+L “globin”= G “spherine”=globus, t Hemolysis (H+G “lysis”=disintegration of cells) globulin), immunohemolysis (G “anoso”=L “immuno”+H+G t Hemopoiesis (H+G “poio”=to produce) “lysis”=gradual decline), hemalutein (H+L “corpus luteum”), t Hemorrage (H+G “rhegnymae”=to burst forth) hemad (H+L “ad”=toward) etc. t Hemostasis (H+G “stasis”=halt), t Oligemia (G “oligos”=few, little +H) etc. 2. DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” 2. Greek words compounds with !HAEMA, BLOOD" IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE a. The prefixes hyper- (G “hyper”=over, above, excessive, beyond) t Hyperglycemia (G “hyper”+G “glykys”=sweet +G “hema”) Abetalipoproteinemia (n.) An inherited disorder of lipid t Hyperuricemia (G “hyper”+G “ourico”=uric+G “hema”) metabolism, characterized by the near absence of apoli- b. The prefixes hypo- (G “hypo”=below, beneath, under, less than poproteins B and apoB-containing lipoproteins in plasma. normal) Acetonemia (n.) A condition marked by an abnormal t Hypoxemia (G “hypo”+G “oxy”=oxygen+G “hema”) increase of ketone bodies in the circulating blood; ketosis. t Hypokalemia (G “hypo”+G “kalio”=pottasium+G “hema”) c. The prefixes auto- (G “auto”=self, same) Acetonemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with ketonemia. t Autohemolysis (G “auto”+H+G “lysis”=gradual decline) Achylemia (n.) Anemia resulting as a complication of d. The prefixes iso- (G “iso”=equal, uniform) gastric achylia. t Isohemolysis (G “iso”+G, H+G “lysis”=gradual decline) Achylemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with achylemia. e. Adding one privative a- (G “α-”=without, not) Acidemias (n.) Inherited metabolic diseases, usually diag- t Anemia (“a-” +G “hema”) nosed in infancy, that cause the accumulation of different f. Compound Greek and Latin words organic acids in the body and can lead to severe metabolic t Hemoglobin (“hema” +L “globin”=G “spherine”=globus, globulin) disturbances. t Immunohemolysis (G “anoso”=L “immuno”+G Afibrinogenemia (n.) A deficiency or absence of fibrino- “hema”+“lysis”=gradual decline) etc. gen in the blood. G: Greek word, H: Hema, L: Latin word Afibrinogenemic (a) Of, relating, or affected with afibrinogenemia. (H+G “philia”=love), hemochrome (H+G “chroma”=color), Afibrinogonemia (n.) Same as afibrogenemia. hemocolpos (H+G “colpos” =vagina), hemodialysis (H+G Afibrinogonemic (adj.) Same as afibrinogenemic. “dialysis”=dissolution), hemochezia (H+G “chezo”=defacate), hemochromatosis (H+G “chroma”=color, “chrosis”=coloration), Agammaglobulinemia (n.) An immunologic deficiency hemolysis (H+G “lysis”=disintegration of cells) , hemopathy state characterized by an extremely low level of generally (H+G pathos”=disease), hemopoiesis (H+G “poio”=to pro- all classes of gamma-globulin in the blood. duce), hemoptysis (H+G “ptyo”=to spit), hemorrhage (H+G Agammaglobulinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with “rhegnyme”=to burst forth), hemorroids (H+G “rhoos”=flowing) , agammaglobulinemia. hemosalpinx (H+G “salpinx”=fallopian tube), hemospermia Aleukemia (n.) Leukemia in which the total WBC is normal (H+G “sperma”=semen), hemostasis (H+G “stasis”=halt), he- or below normal; leukemia without circulating blast cells. mostatic (H+G “statikos”=causing to stop), hemotoxic (H+G “toxikos”=toxic), lymphohematopoiesis (G “lemphos”=lymph Aleukemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with a leukemia; +H +G “poietikos”=made, produced), oligemia (G “oligos”=few, lacking of circulating blast cells. little+H) etc. Many words are Greek compounds with the Aliemia (n.) Absence of spleen function; asplenia. prefixes hyper- ( G “hyper”=over, above, excessive, beyond) Ammonemia (n.) The presence of an excess of ammonia like hyperglycemia (G “hyper”+G ”glykys”=sweat +G “hema”), in the blood. 10 J. MELETIS and V. GORATSA

Ammonemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with ammonemia. Bacillemia (n.) Same as bacteremia.

Amylasemia (n.) The presence of an excess of amylase Bacteremia (n.) The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. in the blood. Amylasemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with amylasemia. Bacteremic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with bacteremia. Anemia (n.) A reduction in the number of circulating Bacteriemia (n.) Same as bacteremia. erythrocytes or in the quantity of hemoglobin, Bilirubinemia (n.) Abnormal increase in the amount of bili- Anemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with anemia; infers rubin in the circulating blood, which may result to jaundice. lacking vitality, listless and weak as, for instance, in an Carnosinemia (n.) Elevation of serum levels of carnosine anemic attempt to hit a ball or an anemic response to resulting in neurologic manifestations. any situation. Carotenemia (n.) The presence in the circulating blood of Angiohemophilia (n.) Group of hemorrhagic disorders carotene which may cause yellowing of the skin resem- in which the von Willebrand factor is quantitatively or bling jaundice. qualitatively abnormal, expressing various symptoms including prolonged bleeding time, factor VIII deficiency Carotenemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with carotinemia. and impaired platelet adhesion; von Willebrand disease. Carotinemia (n.) Same as carotenemia. Angiohemophilic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with an- Carotinemic (adj.) Same as carotenemic. giohemophilia. Choroideremia (n.) An X chromosome-linked abnormality Anoxemia (n.) Condition resulting from insufficient aera- characterized by atrophy of the choroid and degeneration tion of blood; mountain sickness; clinical manifestation of the retinal pigment epithelium causing night blindness. of respiratory distress consisting of relatively complete Chloranemia (n.) An iron-deficiency anemia especially absence of oxygen in arterial blood. of adolescent girls that may impact greenish tint of the Anoxemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with anoxemia. skin-called also greensickness; chlorosis. Antanemic (a) A remedy for correcting anemia. Chloranemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with chlorosis. Antianemic (adj.) Same as antanemic. Chloroanemia (n.) Same as chloranemia. Antihemorrhagic (adj.) Tending to stop hemorrhage; a Chloroanemic (adj.) Same as chloranemic. remedy for stopping hemorrage. Citrullinemia (n.) Elevation of serum levels of citrulline Artemia (n.) A genus of crustaceans of the order Anotraca because of a deficiency of the enzyme arginosuccinate found in briny pools and lakes. It differs from most crusta- synthetase defect, resulting in neurologic manifestations. ceans in that its blood contains hemoglobin. Cryofibrinemia (n.) Existence of cryofibrinogen in the blood. Atransferrinemia (n.) A genetic disorder in which there Cryofibrinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with cryofi- is absence of transferrin, characterized by microcytic and brinemia. hypochromic anemia and hemosiderosis in heart and liver. Cryoglobinemia (n.) A condition characterized by the pres- Autohemagglutination (n.) Agglutination of red blood ence of abnormal or abnormal quantities of cryoglobulins cells by cold agglutinins in an individual’s own serum usual in the blood, which precipitate into the microvasculature at lower than body temperature. on exposure to cold and cause restricted blood flow in Autohemolysis (n.) A break-down of the red blood cell exposed areas. membrane by factors in the organism’s own serum that Cryoglobinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with cryo- cause the release of hemoglobin. globinemia. Autohemotherapy (n.) Treatment by reinjection of an Cryoglobulinemia (n.) Same as cryoglobinemia. individual’s own blood. Cryoglobulinemic (adj.) Same as cryoglobinemic. Azotemia (n.) A clinical condition associated with advanced renal insufficiency and retention in blood of nitrogenous Cryoimmunoglobulinemia (n.) Same as cryoglobinemia. urinary waste products; an abnormally excess of nitrogen- Cryoimmunoglobulinemic (adj.) Same as cryoglobunemic. type wastes in the bloodstream. Cyanmethemoglobin (n.) Hemoglobin where the ferrous Azotemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with azotemia. iron has been oxidized to ferric iron producing cyanosis, DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” "HAEMA, BLOOD# IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 11 prepared after reaction of hemoglobin with ferrocyanide Galactosemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with galactosemia. and cyanide. Gammaglobulinemia (n.) The level of gamma-globulins Dysfibrogenemia (n.) Existence of an abnormal molecule in the blood. of the fibrinogen in the blood. Glycohemia (n.) Abnormally increased content of sugar Dysfibrogenemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with dys- in the blood; hyperglycemia. fibrogenemia. Hem (n.) Compounds of iron complexed in a porphyrin Dysprothrombinemia (n.) Existence of an abnormal pro- (tetrapyrrole) ring that differ in side chain composition. thrombin complex in the blood. Hems are the prosthetic groups of cytochromes and are found in most oxygen carrier proteins. Dysprothrombinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with dysprothrombinemia. Hem- or hema- (prefix) Combining forms indicating relation or resemblance to blood, association with blood; as -ema (suffix) Blood, same as –hema. hemapod, hematogenesis. Endotoxinemia (n.) A condition characterized by the pres- Hen A-farnesyltransferase (n.) Enzyme required for syn- ence of endotoxin in the blood. thesis of cytochrome oxidase and hem a synthesis. Eremia (n.) Air embolism, with large size bubbles. Hem oxygenase (n.) A mixed function oxidase enzyme Erythremia (n.) Polycythemia of unknown cause that is which during hemoglobin catabolism catalyzes the de- characterized by increase of total blood volume; poly- granulation of hem to ferrous iron, CO, and biliverdinin cythemia vera; Vaquez disease; erythrocythemia. the presence of molecular oxygen and reduced NADPH. Erythremic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with erythremia. Heme polymerase (n.) Malarial enzyme forms hemozoin from hem derived from hemoglobin. Erythrocythemia (n.) Same as erythremia. Hemabarometer (n.) Instrument used in conjunction with Erythrocythemic (adj.) Same as erythremic. fluorescein angiography to detect blood pressure in the Erythroleukemia (n.) Myeloproliferative disorder charac- blood vessels (e.g. retina etc.). terized by neoplastic proliferation of erythroblastic and Hemachate (n.) A species of agate, spindled with spots myeloblastic elements with atypical erythroblasts and of red jasper. myeloblasts in the bone marrow and the peripheral blood. Hemachromatosis (n.) An inherited disorder of iron me- Erythroleukemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with eryth- tabolism which occurs usually in males and that is char- roleukemia. acterized by a bronze color of the skin due to deposition Enterotoxinemia (n.) Disease caused by liberation of of iron containing pigments in the tissues because to the exotoxins of Clostridium perfringens . deposition of hemosiderin in the parenchymal cells, causing tissue damage and dysfunction of the liver, bone marrow, +++ Ferriheme (n.) An iron (Fe ) porphyrin coordination com- pancreas, heart, testicles, and pituitary; it is believed that plex; isomeric inhibitor to rat liver fatty acid-binding protein. patients absorb excessive amounts of iron from the diet; Ferrihemoglobin (n.) A soluble brown crystalline basic hemochromatosis. blood pigment that is found in normal blood in much Hemachrome (n.) The ferriheme hydroxide, a blue to smaller amounts than hemoglobin, that is formed from black powder that is soluble in hot alcohol and insoluble blood, hemoglobin or oxyhemoglobin by oxidation, and in water; decomposes at 200 oC without melting; used in that differs from hemoglobin in containing ferric iron and biochemical research; hematin. in being unable to combine reversibly with molecular Hemachrosis (n.) Coloration of site by the color of the oxygen; methemoglobin. blood (or visualization of an area organ by the labeling Ferroheme (n.) The Fe ++ oxidation state of heme. of the blood). Fungemia (n.) The presence of circulating fungi in the blood. Hemacite (n.) A composition made from blood, mixed Fungemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with fungemia. with mineral or vegetable substances, used for making buttons, doorknobs, etc. Galactosemia (n.) Elevation of serum levels of galactose Hemacrosis (n.) Same as hemachrosis. because of metabolic inability to convert galactose to glucose because of absence of the enzyme galactose Hemacyanin (n.) A substance found in the blood of the uridyl transferase. octopus, which gives to it its blue color. 12 J. MELETIS and V. GORATSA

Hemacyte (n.) A red blood cell. Hemadynamics (n.) The principles of dynamics in their application of the blood; that part of science which treats Hemacytometer (n.) An instrument for determining the of the motion of blood. number of corpuscles in a given quantity of blood manually; the area under each square contains a known amount Hemadynamometer (n.) Same as hemadynameter. of diluted blood. Hemadynamometry (n.) The act of measurement of the Hemacytometry (n.) Determination of the number of blood pressure. corpuscles in a given quantity of the blood. Hemafecia (n.) Bright red blood in the stool, usually from Hemacytopoiesis (n.) Same as hematopoiesis. the lower gastrointestinal tract (colon or rectum) or from hemorrhoids; hemochezia. Hemacytozoon (n.) Animal microparasite of the blood current. Hemafacient (adj.) Of, relative to, or involved in the production of blood cells; hemopoietic. Hemad (n.) Blood cell corpuscle or erythrocyte; toward the hemal side; on the hemal side of; - opposed to neurad. Hemafibrite (n.) A type of hydrous arsenoids, vanadates without foreign ions; synadelphite. Hemaden (n.) Endocrinal gland. Hemagglutinate, hemagglutinated, hemagglutinating, he- Hemadenology (n.) Endocrinology. magglutinates (v.) To cause agglutination of red blood cells. Hemadipsa (n.) A genus of small tropical and leeches of Hemagglutination (n.) Agglutination of erythrocytes the order Gnathobdellida that are troublesome to humans by certain antibodies, antigens or viruses, often used to and animals especially because their bites result in pro- test for the presence of antibodies directed against red longed bleeding. cell surface antigens or carbohydrate binding protein or Hemadostenosis (n.) Narrowing in the vessels of differ- viruses in a solution. ent organs, the thrombosis due to platelet agglutination. Hemagglutination tests (n.) Sensitive tests to measure Hemadremometer (n.) Same as hemadrometer. certain antigens, antibodies, or viruses, using their ability to agglutinate certain erythrocytes. Hemadrometer (n.) An instrument for measurement the velocity with which the blood moves in the arteries. Hemagglutination inhibition test (n.) A clinical lab test to detect the presence of a certain hemagglutinating Hemadrometry (n.) The act of measuring the velocity with virus or other hemagglutinin antigen based on whether which the blood circulates in the arteries. the red blood cells in the sample lose the ability to clump Hemadromograph (n.) An instrument for registering the together when the antibody to the virus or other antigen velocity of the blood. is added to it.

Hemadromometry (n.) Same as hemadrometry. Hemagglutinative (adj.) Substance or agent resulting to Hemadsorbent (n.) A product intended for removal from agglutination of erythrocytes. a human organism of toxic compounds. Hemagglutinin (n.) Substance (as an antibody or viral Hemadsorption (n.) A phenomenon manifested by an capsid protein) that will bring about the agglutination of agent or substance adhering to or being absorbed on the red blood cells. surface of the red blood cell; the clumping together of red Hemagogic (adj.) Promoting a flow of blood, usually refers blood cells to the other cells or particles, or to substrates. to menstrual.

Hemadsorption test (n.) A clinical lab test which is used to Hemagogue (adj.) An agent that promotes an increase of detect the presence of hemagglutinating viruses based on flow of menstrual blood. whether red blood cells will stick to cells from the infected (adj.) Same as hemagogic. tissue when a hemagglutinin is present. Hemagogus Hemagonium (n.) Primitive stem cell; hemocytoblast. Hemadynameter (n.) An instrument by which the pressure of the blood in the arteries or veins is measured by the Hemal (adj.) Relating to the blood or blood vessels; per- height to which it will raise a column of mercury. taining to, situated in the region of, or on the side with, the heart and great blood vessels; -opposed to neural. Hemodynamic (adj.) Of, originating to the forces involved in the circulation of blood. Hemal arch (Anat.) The ventral arch in a segment of the spinal skeleton, formed by vertebral processes or ribs. DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” "HAEMA, BLOOD# IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 13

Hemal node (n.) Any of several chiefly retroperitoneal Hemangioma (n.) A tangle of abnormal vessels that forms nodes of tissue resembling lymph node but having the abnormal communication between the arterial and venous lymph spaces replaced in whole or in part by blood sinuses. system; a usually benign tumor made up of blood vessels that typically occurs as a purplish or reddish slightly Hemal ring (n.) A circulatory vessel found in certain elevated area of the skin, possibility of existence in other echinoderms. organs; a birth irregularity where a localized tissue mass Hemal sinus (n.) A space located adjacent to the digestive grows rich in small blood vessels, or blood filled “lakes” tube in certain echinoderms. and channels; common benign tumor, made up of newly formed blood vessels and resulting from malformation of Hemaboeba (n.) Synonym of Plasmodium . angioblastic tissue of fetal life. Hemamebiasis (n.) Presence of circulating Hemamboeba, Hemangioma, capillary (n.) A dull red, firm, dome-shaped Plasmodia in the blood hemangioma sharply demarcated from surrounding skin, Hemalum (n.) Hematoxylin based staining. usually located on the head and neck, which grows rapidly Hemanalysis (n.) An analysis of the chemical constituents and generally undergoes regression and involution without of blood. scarring. It is caused by proliferation of immature capillary vessels in active stroma. Hemangiectasia (n.) Angio-osteodystrophy; Klippel-Tre- naucy-Weber syndrome. Hemangioma, cavernous (n.) A vascular tumor preponder- antly composed of large dilated vessels, often containing Hemangiectasis (n.) Dilatation of blood vessels. large amounts of blood, occurring in skin and many viscera.

Hemangioblast (n.) Earliest mesodermal precursor of both Hemangioma, of the bone (n.) Lytic bone lesion, can cross blood and vascular endothelial cells; the mesenchymal tissue joint spaces and intraosseous membranes. that gives rise to embryonic blood and vessels; angioblast. Hemangioma thrombopenic syndrome (n.) Rare disorder Hemangioblastic (a) Of, or relating to hemangioblast action. characterized by an abnormal blood condition in which Hemangioblastoma (n.) Benign tumor of nervous system the low number of blood platelets causes bleeding and that may occur sporadically in association with Hippel- is found in association with a cavernous hemangioma; Lindau disease, composed of multiple capillary and sinu- Kasabach-Merit syndrome. soidal channels lined with endothelial cells and clusters Hemangiomatosis (n.) A condition in which hemangiomas of lipid-laden pseudoxanthoma cells; a hemangioma, or are present in several parts of the body. type of tumor composed of blood vessel or angioblast cells occurring in the brain. Hemangiomatosis chondrodystrophica (n.) Rare genetic disorder characterized by benign enchondromas, skeletal Hemangioblastosis (n.) Same as hemangioblastic. deformities and hemangiomas of the skin; Maffuci syndrome.

Hemangioendothelioblastoma (n.) An often malignant Hemangiomatous branchial clefts-lip pseudocleft syn- tumor originating by proliferation of capillary endothelium. drome (n.) Very rare disorder characterized by low birth Hemangioendothelioma (n.) Neoplasm derived from weight, presence of an abnormal pit, clef, of hemangiomatus blood vessels, characterized by numerous endothelial cells or atrophic skin lesions, eyes’ abnormalities and premature that occur singly, in aggregates and as lining of congeries graying of scalp hair and or other abnormalities; Brancio- vascular tube or channels, it arises in embryonic connective ocular-facial syndrome. tissue (the mesenchyme). Hemangiomyeloblastoma (n.) A malignant tumor composed Hemangioendotheliosarcoma (n.) Malignant neoplasm of blood vessels and a growth composed of myeloblasts. of the same type as the hemangioendothelioma. Hemangiomyolipoma (n.) A tumor consisting of blood Hemangiofibroma (n.) A benign tumor consisting of blood vessels, muscle and fat cells. vessels and fibrous tissue. Hemangiopericyte (n.) Pericyte, cell of smooth muscle Hemangiofibromatosis (n.) A condition in which heman- origin lied around small vessels. giomas and fibrous tissue are present in several parts of Hemangiopericytic (n.) A condition in which rich vascular the body. network, arisen from pericytes, cells of smooth muscle Hemagiolipoma (n.) Benign neoplasm, the connective origin lied around small vessels. tissue consists of blood vessels and fat cells. Hemangiopericytoma (n.) A tumor composed of spindle 14 J. MELETIS and V. GORATSA cells with rich vascular network, formed from connective Hemarthros (n.) Bleeding into a joint, arising from trauma tissue cells and originating from capillaries, cells of smooth or spontaneously in hemophiliacs or those who are receiv- muscle origin lied around small vessels. ing anticoagulant medication.

Hemangiosarcoma (n.) Rare malignant neoplasm char- Hemarthrosis (n.) Same as hemarthros. acterized by rapidly proliferating, extensively infiltrating, Hemarthrus (n.) Same as hemarthros. anaplastic cells derived from blood vessels and lining irregular blood-filled or lumpy spaces. Hemastatic (n.) An agent that checks bleeding; one that shortens the clotting time of blood; of or caused by he- Hemanthus (n.) A type of forest plants, with flowers of mostasis; serving to check bleeding; hemostatic. different colors. Hemastatical (adj.) Of, related to serving the checking of Hemapheic (n.) Of, relating to hemapheism (e.g. hem- bleeding; hemostatical. apheic jaundice). Hemastatics (n.) Agents acting to arrest bleeding either Hemaphein (n.) A brownish substance sometimes found by formations of an artificial clot or by providing a me- in the blood, in cases of jaundice. chanical matrix to facilitate clotting when applied directly Hemapheism (n.) Jaundice with presence of hemophein to the bleeding surface; hemostatics; laws relating to the in the blood. equilibrium of the blood in the blood vessels.

Hemapheresis (n.) A process for obtaining blood plasma Hemastrontium (n.) Radioactivity of strontium 90 (mimics without depleting the donor or patient of the blood con- calcium) in the blood. stituents by separating out the plasma from the whole Hemat- or hemata- (prefix) Combined forms indicating blood and returning the rest to the donor’s or patient’s relation or resemblance to blood, association with blood. circulatory system; same as plasmapheresis; a treatment for certain serious medical conditions that involves separation Hematachometer (n.) A form of apparatus (somewhat blood into its major components and removing the part different from the hemadrometer) for measuring the that contains disease-provoking elements or elements that velocity of the blood. are toxic to the body as a result of the disease; pheresis. Hematachometry (n.) The measurement of the velocity Hemaphobia (n.) An abnormal and persistent fear of blood of the blood. as a part of social phobia. The suffers of this very common Hematerometer (n.) An apparatus measuring the blood phobia dread the sight of their own blood, the sight of gases. the blood of another person or an animal and sometimes printed or filmed images of blood or even thought of blood. Hematal (adj.) Relating to the blood or blood vessels; pertaining to, situated in the region of, or on the side with, the (n.) A photo of the blood smear. Hemaphotograph heart and great blood vessels; -opposed to neural; hemal. Hemaphysalis (n.) A cosmopolitan genus of small eyeless Hematapostema (n.) Abscess containing pus and blood ixodid ticks, including some that are disease carriers. or blooded liquid. Hemaphysial (n.) A compound used to treat hematic Hemateikon (adj.) Relating with the blood. diseases. Hematein (n.) A reddish brown or violet crystalline sub- Hemapod (n.) A hemapodous animal. stance, got from hematoxylin by partial oxidation, and Hemapodous (adj.) Having the limbs on, or directed toward, regarded as analogous to the phthaleins. the ventral or hemal side, as in vertebrates; − opposed to Hematemesis (n.) Vomiting of blood. neuropodous. Hematencephalon (n.) Accumulation of blood into the Hemapoiesis (n.) The development and formation of vari- substance of the brain. ous types of blood cells in the living body; hematopoiesis. Hematexylin (n.) The colouring principle of logwood. It is (adj.) Blood forming; as the hemapoietic Hemapoietic obtained as a yellow crystalline substance, with a sweetish function of the bone marrow. taste. Formely called also hematin; hematoxylon. Hemapophysis (n.) The second element in each half of Hematherapy (n.) Treatment involving the administration the hemal arch, corresponding to the sternal part of a rib. of fresh blood, a blood fraction, or a blood preparation; Hemapophysial (adj.) Of, relating to hemapophysis. hemotherapy. DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” "HAEMA, BLOOD# IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 15

Hematherm (n.) Warm-blooded animal. Hematinon (n.) A red consisting of silica, borax, and soda, fused with oxide of copper and iron, and used in enamels, Hemathermal (adj.) Warm-blooded; homothermic; he- mosaics, etc. matothermal. Hematinuria ( n.) Abnormal presence of hematin in the urine. Hemathermic (n.) Homeothermic. Hematinuric (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hematinuria. Hemathermous (adj.) Same as hemathermal. Hematite (n.) An important ore or iron, the sesquioxide, Hemathidrosis (n.) Sweating of blood. so called because of the red color of the powder. It occurs Hemathorax (n.) Accumulation of blood within the pleural in splendent rhombohedral crystals, and in massive and cavity. earthy forms; the last called red ocher; bloodstone

Hematic (adj.) Relating to the blood or blood vessels; a Hematitic (adj.) Of a blood-red color; crimson; brownish medicine designed to improve the condition of the blood; red; of, or pertaining to hematite, or resembling it. relating to or contained in blood. Hemato- (prefix.) Combining forms indicating relation or Hematics (n.) Agents which improve the quality of the resemblance to blood, association with blood; as hemato- blood, increasing the hemoglobin level and the number pod, hematogenesis. of erythrocytes used in the treatment of anemias. Hematoalkalimeter (n.) An instrument ascertaining the “Hematicus” (n.) Term derived from “hema” for blood, and strength of alkaline compounds present in the blood. the Latin word “custos” for guard, which literally means Hematoanalysis (n.) An analysis of the chemical constitu- “The Custodian of Blood”. ents of blood. Hematidrosis (n.) Sweating of blood. Hematobarometer (n.) An apparatus for measuring the Hematimeter (n.) Instrument for measurement of the gas pressure into the blood. amount of hematin or hemoglobin content in blood or Hematobia (n.) Red cell infected parasites. other fluids; hematinometer. Hematobic (adj.) Parasitic in blood. Hematimetry (n.) Determination of the number of cor- Hematobilia (n.) Abnormal existence of blood in or through puscles in a given quantity of the blood. the biliary tract. Hematin (n.) A bluish black amorphous substance contain- Hematobious (n.) Same as hematobic. ing iron and obtained from blood. It exists the erythrocytes united with globin and the form of hemoglobin or oxyhe- Hematobium (n.) Red cell infected parasite. moglobin gives to the blood its red color; the ferriheme Hematoblast (n.) One of the very minute, disk-shaped hydroxide, a blue to black powder that is soluble in hot bodies found in blood with the ordinary red corpuscles and o alcohol and insoluble in water; decomposes at 200 C white corpuscles; a third kind of blood corpuscle, supposed without melting; used in biochemical research. by some to be an early stage in the development of the Hematinemia (n.) Presence of hematin in the blood. red corpuscles; - called also blood plaque, and blood plate.

Hematinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hematinemia. Hematoblastosis (n.) An abnormal proliferation of the blood-forming tissues. Hematinic (n.) Any substance, such as an iron salt or organic compound containing iron, which when ingested Hematocalyx (n.) Blood-red calyx. tends to increase the hemoglobin contents of the blood; Hematocatharsis (n.) Blood lavage. (a.) acting to increase the amount of hemoglobin in the Hematocatheresis (n.) Destroying of aged erythrocytes blood; of, relating to, or derived from hematin. and platelets, as in the red pulp of the spleen. Hematinogen (n.) Same as hematinic. Hematocele (n.) An effusion of blood into a canal or cav- Hematinometer (n.) Instrument for measurement of the ity of the body, especially into the tunica vaginalis testis; amount of hematin or hemoglobin content in blood or a tumor filled with blood. other fluids. Hematocelia (n.) Accumulation of blood in the brain Hematinometric (adj.) Relating to the measurement of ventricles. the amount of hematin or hemoglobin contained in blood, Hematocephalic barrier (n.) Fluid barrier located in the or other fluids. choroid plexes and the blood-brain locates in the capillary 16 J. MELETIS and V. GORATSA membranes everywhere in the brain except the circum- Hematoconia (n.) Small, round or dumbbell-shaped re- venticular organs. fractive colorless particles in the blood demonstrating Brownian movement, observed in blood platelets in a wet Hematocephalon (n.) Same as hematocephalus. film of blood under darkfield microscopy, that are probably Hematocephalus (n.) Accumulation of blood into the granules from the cells in the blood or minute globules of substance of the brain. fat called also blood dust.

Hematochezia (n.) Bright red blood in the stool, usually Hematoconiasis (n.) The presence of an abnormal amount from the lower gastrointestinal tract (colon or rectum) or of hemoconia in the blood. from hemorrhoids. Hematocrit (n.) Measurement of packed red cells volume Hematochlorin (n.) Presence of chlorides ions in the blood. by centrifugation; percentage of red cells in a sample of blood; the proportion, by volume, of the blood that consists Hematocholia (n.) Abnormal existence of blood in or of red blood cells, expressed as percentage. through the biliary tract. Hematocrya (n.) The cold-blooded vertebrates, that is, all but Hematochromatic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with the mammals and birds; -the antithesis to hematotherma. hemochromatosis. Hematocryal (adj.) Cold-blooded; poikilotherma. Hematochromatosis (n.) An inherited disorder of iron metabolism that occurs usually in males and that is char- Hematocryoscopy (n.) Determination of freezing points acterized by a bronze color of the skin due to deposition of blood. of iron containing pigments in the tissues because to the Hematocrystallin (n.) The protein molecule in red blood cells deposition of hemosiderin in the parenchymal cells, causing which carries oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues tissue damage and dysfunction of the liver, bone marrow, and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs; pancreas, heart, testicles, and pituitary; it is believed that iron-containing substance in erythrocytes; hemoglobin. patients absorb excessive amounts of iron from the diet; hemochromatosis. Hematocyanin (n.) Blue, oxygen transporting, copper containing protein found in the blood of mollusks and Hematochrome (n.) A red pigment which appears in green crustaceans; hemacyanin. alge, when a bright light is share on the alge. Hematocyst (n.) A cyst that contains blood. Hematochylocele (n.) Simultaneous presence of blood and chyle into a canal or cavity of the body, especially Hematocystis (n.) Effusion of blood into the urinary bladder. the tunica vaginalis. Hematocyte (n.) A red blood cell, associated a hemocoel, Hematochyluria (n.) The simultaneous presence of blood particularly those of insects and crustaceans. Despite the and chyle in the urine. name they are more leucocyte-like, being phaghocytic and involved in defense and clotting of hemolymph and Hematochyluric (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with he- not involved in transport of oxygen. matochyluria. Hematocytes (n.) Any blood or formed element, especially Hematoclasia (n.) Same as hematoclasis. in invertebrates. Hematoclasis (n.) An acute, transitory alteration of the Hematocytoblast (n) A stem cell for blood-cellular elements. blood marked by intense leukopenia with relative lymphocytosis, alteration of blood coagulability, and fall in blood Hematocytoblastic (adj.) One considered competent to pressure; hemolysis or destruction of red cells. produce all types of blood cells.

Hematoclastis (n.) Differentiated macrophage responsible Hematocytoblastoma (n.) A tumor that is composed of for breakdown of blood cells. bone marrow-type cells; chloroma.

Hematocoelia (n.) A genus of triptera arthropods. Hematocytocatheresis (n.) Hemolysis.

Hematocolpometra (n.) Simultaneous accumulation of Hematocytogenesis (n.) The development and forma- blood or menstrual fluid in the vagina and in the uterus. tion of various types of blood cells in the living body; hematopoiesis. Hematocolpos (n.) An accumulation of blood or menstrual fluid within the vagina. Hematocytolysis (n.) A breaking up of the blood corpuscles, as by pressure, in distinction from solution of the Hematocolpus (n.) Same as hematocolpos. corpuscles; the dissolution of blood cells; hemocytolysis. DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” "HAEMA, BLOOD# IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 17

Hematocytometer (n.) A glass slide with a chamber for Hematogastric (n.) Marked by gastric hemorrhage. counting blood in a given volume of blood manually; Hematogen (n.) A stem cell for blood-cellular elements. the area under each square contains a known amount of diluted blood. Hematogenesis (n.) The origin and development of blood; the formation of blood in general; the transformation of Hematocytometry (n.) Determination of the number of venous arterial blood by respiration; hematosis; hematopoieis. corpuscles in a given quantity of the blood. Hematogenic (adj.) Produced by or derived from blood; Hematocytoma (n.) A tumor that is composed of undif- hemopoietic. ferentiated blood cells. Hematogenous (adj.) Concerned with the production Hemacytopoiesis (n.) The development and formation of of blood or one or more of its constituents; taking place various types of blood cells in the living body; hematopoiesis. or spread by way of the blood; originating in the blood. Hematocytosis (n.) An increase in total red cell mass of Hematogenously (adv.) Taking place or spread by way the blood. of blood. Hemacytotrypsis (n.) A breaking up of the blood corpuscles, Hematoglobin (n.) The protein molecule in red blood cells as by pressure, in distinction from solution of corpuscles, which carries oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues or hemocytolysis. and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs; Hematocyturia (n.) Presence of blood in the urine; hematuria. iron-containing substance in erythrocytes; hemoglobin.

Hematodes (n.) Blood-red. Hematoglobinemia (n.) Same as hemoglobinemia.

Hematodiafiltration (n.) The combination of hemadialysis Hematoglobinuria (n.) Same as hemoglobinuria. and hemofiltration either simultaneously or sequentially. Hematogone (n.) A stem cell for blood-cellular elements. Convective transport (hemofiltration) may be better for removal of large molecular weight substances and diffuse Hematohidrosis (n.) The sweating of blood. transport (hemodialysis) for smaller molecular weight solutes. Hematohistioblast (n.) Primitive stem cell. Hematodialysis (n.) Filtering of the blood in order to remove Hematohiston (n.) Protein found in the nuclei (complexed waste products; dialysis; the removal of certain elements to DNA in chromatin and chromosomes) of blood cells. from the blood by virtue of the difference in the rates of their diffusion through as semipermeable membrane, for Hematohyaloid (n.) Presence of blood in the vitreous example, by means of a hemodialysis machine or filter. body of the eye.

Hematodocha (n.) A sac found in the palpus of certain Hematoid (adj.) Resembling blood; bloodlike. spiders that fills with hemolymph and expands during Hematoidin (n.) A crystalline or amorphous pigment free copulation. from iron, formed from hematin in old blood stains, and Hematodynamometer (n.) Device for measuring the in old hemorrhages in the body; appears to be identical blood pressure. to the red-orange bile pigment bilirubin but is produced from hemoglobin in tissues and usually when oxygen ten- Hematodyscrasia (n.) Blood dyscrasia. sion is low; when present in the corpora lutea it is called Hematodystrophy (n.) Nutritional anemia. hemalutein.

Hematoencephalic barrier (n.) Fluid barrier located in Hematoin (n.) A substance formed from the hematin the choroid plexes and the blood-brain locates in the of blood, by removal of the iron through the action of capillary membranes everywhere in the brain except the concentrated sulphuric acid. Two like bodies, called re- circumventricular organs. spectively hematoporphyrin and hematolin, are formed in a similar manner. Hematoencephalon (n.) Same as hematocephalus. Hematokinesis (n.) The flow of the blood in the body; Hematoencephalus (n.) Accumulation of blood into the increased activity of free-moving blood cells. substance of the brain. Hematokinetic (adj.) Relating to or causing the flow of Hematofiltration (n.) Extracorporeal ultrafiltration technique blood in the body. without hemodialysis (convective transport) for removal of large molecular weight substances and treatment of fluid Hematokolpos (n.) An accumulation of blood or menstrual overload and electrolyte disturbances. fluid within the vagina; hematocolpos. 18 J. MELETIS and V. GORATSA

Hematokrit (n.) Measurement of packed red cells volume Hematomancy (n.) Hemodiagnosis. by centrifugation; percentage of red cells in a sample of Hematomanometer (n.) Sphygmomanometer. blood; the proportion, by volume, of the blood that consists of red blood cells, expressed as percentage; hematocrit. Hematomatous (adj.) Of blood origin, or containing blood.

Hematolic drugs (n.) Antianemic drugs. Hematomediastinum (n.) An abnormal state characterized by the presence of blood in the mediastinum. Hematolin (n.) A substance formed from the hematin of blood, by removal of the iron through the action of con- Hematometakinesis (n.) The blood flow in the vessels. centrated sulphuric acid. Two like bodies, called respectively Hematometer (n.) An instrument for determining the hematoporphyrin and hematolin, are formed in a similar number of blood corpuscles in a given quantity of blood. manner; hematoin. Hematometra (n.) An accumulation of blood or menstrual (n.) (Min.) A brownish-red trigonal mineral oc- Hematolite fluid in the uterus. curring in rhombohedral crystals with one perfect cleavage, founding in Sweden. Hematometre (n.) Same as hematometra.

Hematolith (n.) Blood cell; hemocyte. Hematometry (n.) The determination of the number of the blood cells in a given quantity of blood. Hematologic (adj.) Of, relating with hematology. Hematomole (n.) “Breu’s mole. Hematologic agents (n.) Drugs that act on blood-forming organs and those that affect the hemostatic system. Hematomphalocele (n.) An accumulation of blood in a prostration of abdominal contents through an opening Hematologic diseases (n.) Disorders of the blood and at the navel occurring espace; effusion of blood into an blood forming tissues. umbilical hernia. Hematologic neoplasms (n.) Neoplasms located in the Hematomphalus (n.) Same as hematomphalocele. blood and blood-forming tissue. Hematomycosis (n.) The presence of circulating fungi in Hematologic tests (n.) Tests used in the analysis of the the blood; fungemia. hemic system. Hematomyelia (n.) A hemorrhage (area of internal bleed- Hematological (adj.) Relating to hematology; blood study- ing) which extends into the spinal cord, occurs usually as relates. a result of injury. Hematologist (n.) A doctor who specializes in diagnosis Hematomyelitis (n.) Same as hematomyelia. and treating diseases of the blood. Hematoncometry (n.) Measurement of the blood volume. Hematology (n.) The science which treats of the blood, a subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with mor- Hematonephros (n.) A hemorrhage into the substance phology, physiology and pathology of blood and blood- of the kidney. forming tissues. Hematonephrosis (n.) Same as hematonephros.

Hematolymphangioma (n.) A tumor that composed of Hematonic (n.) Any substance, such as an iron salt or organic blood vessels and lymph vessels. compound containing iron, which when ingested tends to Hematolymphuria (n.) Existence of blood and lymph in increase the hemoglobin contents of the blood; hematinic. the urine. Hematonosis (n.) Treating refractory blood diseases with Hematolysis (n.) A process of disintegration or dissolu- hematinics. tion of erythrocytic membrane by different causal agents; Hematopathologic (adj.) Of, relating to hematopathology. hemolysis. Hematopathologist (n.) A doctor who specializes in Hematolytic (adj.) Of, relating, involving, or affected with hematopathology. hemolysis. Hematopathology (n.) The medical science concerned Hematoma (n.) An extravasation and subsequent ac- with diseases of the blood and related tissues. cumulation of blood usually clotted, in an organ, space or tissue, due to a break in the wall of a blood vessel; as Hematopathy (n.) Blood disease. ircumscribed swelling produced by an effusion of blood Hematopedesis (n.) Hemodiapedesis. beneath the skin; bruishing. DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” "HAEMA, BLOOD# IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 19

Hematopenia (n.) A decrease of the total blood volume; Hematoplania (n.) Withdraw menstrual bleeding. olighemia. Hematoplasma (n.) A cellular fluid in which blood cells Hematopericardium (n.) Accumulation of blood in the are suspended. pericardial cavity. Hematoplasmopathy (n.) Disorder of blood because of Hematoperitoneum (n.) Presence of blood into the peri- plasma derivative factors abnormalities. toneal cavity. Hematoplast (n.) One of the very minute, disk-shaped Hematopexin (n.) A glycoprotein that binds heme preventing bodies found in blood with the ordinary red corpuscles its excretion in urine and that is part of the beta-globulin and white corpuscles; a third kind of blood corpuscle, sup- fraction of human serum; Beta-globulin, acute-phase posed by some to be an early stage in the development of protein; hemopexin. the red corpuscles; -called also blood plaque, and blood plate; hematoblast. Hematophage (n.) Macrophage or other macrophage phagocytosing blood cells; hemophagocyte. Hematoplastic (adj.) Blood formative; - applied to a substance in early fetal life, which breaks up gradually into Hematophagia (n.) An ingestion of blood; phagocytosis blood vessels. of red cells. Hematopneumomediastinum (n.) Simultaneous presence Hemophagocytic (adj.) Erythrophagocytic. of blood and air in the mediastinum. Hematophagocytosis (n.) An ingestion of blood; phago- Hematopneumopericardium (n.) Simultaneous accumula- cytosis of red cells. tion of blood and air in the pericardial cavity. Hematophagous (n.) Feeding, mainly on blood. Hematopneumoperitoneum (n.) Simultaneous accumula- Hematophagus (n.) Feeding of blood. tion of blood and air in the peritoneal cavity. Hematophagy (n.) Consumption of blood cells by mac- Hematopoiesis (n.) The development and formation of rophages and sometimes other phagocytes. various types of blood cells in the living body, involving both proliferation and differentiation from stem cells. In Hematophilia (n.) A set of inherited bleeding disorders in adult mammals occurs in bone marrow. which the ability of the blood to clot is impaired; a condition characterized by a tendency to profuse and uncontrollable Hematopoietic (adj.) Refers to an agent or process that hemorrhage from the slightest wounds. affects or promotes the formation of blood cells. Hematophilic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hematophilia; Hematopoietic growth factor (n.) Any of group of glyco- growing well in blood or in culture containing blood. proteins that promote the proliferation and maturation of blood cells; colony-stimulating factor. Hematophlina (n.) A division of Cheiroptera, including the bloodsucking bats. Hematopoietic stem cell (n.) Progenitor cells from which all blood cells derive; cell that gives rise to a distinct daughter Hematophobia (n.) An abnormal and persistent fear of cells, one a replica of the stem cell, one a cell that will fur- blood as a part of social phobia. The suffers of this very ther proliferate and differentiate into a mature blood cell. common phobia dread the sight of their own blood, the sight of the blood of another person or an animal and Hematopoietic system (n.) The place of blood cell produc- sometimes printed or filmed images of blood or even tion and differentiation. thought of blood. Hematopoietic tissue (n.) A reticulate tissue which pro- Hematophotograph (n.) A photo of the blood smear. duces blood. Hematophysial (n.) A compound used to treat hematic Hematopoietin (n.) A glycoprotein (protein with a sugar diseases. attached to it) produced by the kidneys which stimulates the formation of erythrocytes. Hematophyte (n.) Plant organism or bacteria in the blood. Hematoporphyrin (n.) Iron-free hematin. Hematopiesis (n.) Blood pressure. Hematoporphyrinemia (n.) Abnormal excess of hemato- Hematopinide, hematopinoids (n.) A class of Anoplura porphyrins in the blood. arthropods. Hematoporphyrins (n.) Iron-free derivatives of hem with Hematopinus (n.) A genus of sucking lice including various four methyl groups, two hydroxymethyl groups and two species and serious pests of domestic animals. propionic acid groups, attached to the pyrrole rings. 20 J. MELETIS and V. GORATSA

Hematoporphyrinuria (n.) Abnormal excess of hemato- Hematospermatocele (n.) Hemorrhage in a cystic swelling porphyrins in the urine; porphyrinuria. of the ducts in the epidedymis or in the testis. Hematoprecipitin (n.) Any of various antibodies which Hematospermia (n.) Abnormally presence of blood in form insoluble precipitates of blood cells with specific the semen. antigens and some of which are used in serological testing. Hematostasia (n.) Stopping of hemorrhage; blood stagna- Hematoprecipitation (n.) The formation of insoluble tion; hemostasis. precipitates of blood with specific antibodies. Hematostatic (adj.) An agent that checks bleeding; one Hematoprotein (n.) A conjugated protein (as hemoglobin that shortens the clotting time of blood; of or caused by or cytochrome) whose prosthetic group is a porphyrin hemostasis; serving to check bleeding; hemostatic. combined with iron. Hematostaxis (n.) Spontaneous bleeding caused by a Hematopyelectasia (n.) Dilation of the kidney pelvis with blood disease. blood and urine. Hematosteon (n.) The vessels of the central canal of the Hematorrhachis (n.) Hemorrhage into vertebral canal. osteon, the histological unit of compact bone. Hematorrhea (n.) Bleeding or escape of blood from a Hematotherapy (n.) Treatment involving the administration vessel; a copious discharge of blood from the blood ves- of fresh blood, a blood fraction, or a blood preparation; sels; hemorrhage. hemotherapy. Hematorrheology (n.) The scientific study of the flow of Hematotherma (n.) The warm-blooded vertebrates, compos- blood and of the vessels with which the blood comes in ing the mammals and birds; - the antithesis to hematocrya. direct contact. Hematothermal (adj.) Warm-blooded; homoiothermal. Hematosac (n.) A vascular sac connected, beneath the brain, in many fishes, with the infundibulum. Hematothorax (n.) Accumulation of blood within the pleural cavity. Hematosalpinx (n.) Accumulation of blood in one (both) fallopian tube(s). Hematotoxic (adj.) Destructive or toxic to red blood corpuscles or other blood cells. Hematoscheocele (n.) Hemorrhage into a canal or cavity of the body, especially into the tunica vaginalis testis. Hematotoxicity (n). A state of toxic damage to the blood; a tendency or capacity to cause a toxic action in blood Hematoscope (n.) An instrument for the spectroscopic cells; the quality, state, or relative degree of being toxic examination of blood. or poisonous to the blood. Hematoscopy (n.) Spectroscopic examination of the blood. Hematotoxin (n.) Same as hematoxin but may refer to the Hematose (n.) Sanguification; resembling blood. hemopoietic system. Hematosin (n.) The ferriheme hydroxide, a blue to black Hematotrachelos (n.) Accumulation of blood or menstrual powder that is soluble in hot alcohol and insoluble in fluid in the cervix of the uterus. water; decomposes at 200 oC without melting; used in Hematotroph (n.) The sum total of the nutritive substances biochemical research; hematin. supplied to the embryo from the maternal blood during Hematosiphon (n.) The blood sucking proboscis of certain gestation. parasitic insects and crustaceans. Hematotropic (adj.) Having a special affinity for or exerting Hematosis (n.) Sanguification; the convertion of chyle a specific effect on the blood or blood cells; acting upon into blood; the arterialization of blood in the lungs; the the blood or affecting blood. formation of blood in general; hematogenesis Hematoxin (n.) Substances that destroy blood cells. Hematospasia (n.) Drawing of blood to part. Hematoxic (adj.) Same as hematotoxic. Hematospast (n.) An agent or action drawing of blood to part. Hematoxicity (n.) Same as hematotoxicity. Hematospastic (n.) Of, relating to, or producing hemato- Hematotympanon (n.) A collection of blood in the mid- spasia. dle ear space. Hematospectroscopy (n.) Examination of blood samples Hematoxylin (n.) The colouring principle of the heartwood. by spectrophotometry. It is obtained as a yellow crystalline substance, with a DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” "HAEMA, BLOOD# IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 21 sweetish taste. Formerly, called also hematin; used as a Hemoerometry (n.) Measurement of the blood gases. stain in microscopy. Hemoagglutination (n.) Agglutination of erythrocytes by Hematoxylon (n.) A genus of leguminous plants containing certain antibodies, antigens or viruses. but a single species, the H. campechianum or logwood tree, Hemoagglutination tests (n.) Sensitive tests to measure native in Yucatan; the wood or dye of logwood. certain antigens, antibodies, or viruses, using their ability Hematozoa (pl.) Of hematozoon. to agglutinate certain erythrocytes.

Hematozoal (adj.) Of relating to, or caused by animal Hemoagglutinin (n.) An agglutinin (as an antibody or viral parasites. capsid protein) that causes hemagglutination.

Hematozoan (n.) A blood-dwelling animal parasite. Hemoalkalimeter (n.) An instrument ascertaining the Hematozoon (n.) A parasite inhibiting the blood. Certain strength or amounts of alkali compounds in the blood. species of nematodes of the genus Filaria , sometimes found Hemoalcalimetry (n.) The measurement of the strength in the blood of man, or different animals. or amounts of alkali in the blood.

Hematuresis (n.) Same as hematuria. Hemoanalysis (n.) An analysis of the chemical constituents Hematuria (n.) Presence of blood in the urine. of blood. Hemautograph (n.) A curve similar to a pulse curve or Hemobarometer (n.) An apparatus for measuring the gas sphygmogram. pressure into the blood. Hemautography (n.) The obtaining of a curve similar to a Hemobartonella (n.) Genus of bacteria infecting the pulse curve or sphygmogram by allowing the blood from blood cells. a divided artery to a strike against a piece of paper. Hemobartonellosis (n.) An infection or disease caused by Heme (n.) The deep red iron-containing prosthetic group of bacteria of the genus Hemobartonella. hemoglobin and myoglobin that is a ferrous derivative of Hemobilia (n.) Hemorrhage in or through the biliary tract. protoporphyrin and readily oxidizes to hematin or hemin. Hemoblast (n.) Blastic cell. Hementeria (n.) Leeches which with its salivary substances are able to disequilibrate the hemostatic system thus Hemoblastosis (n.) An abnormal proliferation of the recedering blood unclottable. blood-forming tissues. Hemeproteins (n.) Proteins that contain an iron-porphyrin, Hemocatharsis (n.) Blood lavage. or heme prosthetic group resembling that of hemoglobin. Hemocatheresis (n.) Destroying of aged erythrocytes and Hemerythrin (n.) A non-heme iron protein consisting of platelets, as in the red pulp of the spleen. eight apparently identical subunits, each containing two Hemoccult (n.) Relating to or being a modified guaiac test iron atoms, binding one molecule of oxygen per pair of in which filter paper impregnated with guaiacum turns blue iron atoms and functions as a respiratory protein. if occult blood is present; hemoccult slide test.

-hemia (suffix) Of, related to the blood. Hemochesia (n.) Bright red blood in the stool, usually Hemic (adj.) Pertaining to the blood; hemal. from the lower gastrointestinal tract (colon or rectum) or from hemorrhoids. Hemin (n.) A substance, in the form of reddish brown, microscopic, prismatic crystals, formed from dried blood by Hemocholocyst (n.) Accumulation of blood into the the action of strong acetic acid and common salt; - called gallbladder. also Teichmann’s crystals. Chemically, it is a hydrochloride Hemocholocystitis (n.) Infected hemocholocyst. of hematin. The obtaining of these small crystals, from old blood clots or suspected blood stains, constitutes one of Hemochorial (n.) Having the fetal epithelium bathed in the best evidence of the presence of blood. maternal blood. Hemo- (prefix) Combining forms indicating relation or re- Hemochromatic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hemo- semblance to blood, association with blood; as, hemapod, chromatosis. hematogenesis, hemoscope, etc. Hemochromatosis (n.) An inherited disorder of iron me- Hemoerometer (n.) Instrument measuring weight or tabolism that occurs usually in males and that is charac- density of blood gases. terized by a bronze colour of the skin due to deposition 22 J. MELETIS and V. GORATSA of iron containing pigments in the tissues because to the ian movement, observed in blood platelets in a wet film deposition of hemosiderin in the parenchymal cells, causing of blood under darkfield microscopy, that are probably tissue damage and dysfunction of the liver, bone marrow, granules from the cells in the blood or minute globules pancreas, heart, testicles, and pituitary; it is believed that of fat called also blood dust. patients absorb excessive amounts of iron from the diet. Hemoconiasis (n.) The presence of an abnormal amount Hemochrome (n.) The ferriheme hydroxide, a blue to of hemoconia in the blood. black powder that is soluble in hot alcohol and insoluble Hemocrinia (n.) Mechanism of gland secretion directly in in water; decomposes at 200 oC without melting; used in the blood stream. biochemical research; hematin. Hemocryoscopy (n.) Determination of freezing points Hemochromogen (n.) A body obtained from hemoglobin, of blood. by the action of reducing agents in the absence of oxygen. Hemocrystallin (n.) The protein molecule in red blood cells Hemochromometer (n.) An apparatus for measuring the which carries oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues amount of hemoglobin in a fluid, by comparing it with a and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs; solution of known strength and of normal colour. iron-containing substance in erythrocytes; hemoglobin. Hemoclasia (n.) Same as hemoclasis. Hemoculture (n.) A culture made from blood to detect Hemoclasis (n.) An acute, transitory alteration of the blood the presence of pathogenic microorganisms. marked by intense leukopenia with relative lymphocytosis, Hemocuprein (n.) A blue copper-containing protein ob- alteration of blood coagulability, and fall in blood pressure; tained from red blood cells. hemolysis or destruction of red blood cells. Hemocyanin (n.) A substance found in the blood of the Hemoclastic (adj.) Of, related to, or affected by hemoclasis. octopus, which gives to it its blue color. Hemoclastic crisis (n.) An acute transitory alteration of Hemocyclin (n.) Proteins whose levels in cell vary markedly the blood that sometimes accompanies anaphylactic during cell cycle, rising steadily until mitosis. shock and it is marked by intense leukopenia with relative lymphocytosis, alteration in blood coagulability, and fall Hemocyst (n.) A cyst that contains blood. in blood pressure. Hemocystis (n.) Effusion of blood into the urinary bladder. Hemocoagulation (n.) Blood coagulation. Hemocytes (n.) Any blood or formed element, especially Hemocoagulin (n.) Group of plasma protein substances, in vertebrates. acting in concept to bring about coagulation. Hemocytoblast (n.) The primitive stem cell in hemopoietic Hemocoel (n.) The hemolymph-filled cavity or sinus enclos- tissue that produces all other blood cells; stem cell. ing many of the organs in insects and other arthropods; Hemocytoblastic (adj.) One considered competent to blood is pumped forward by the dorsal tubular heart, not produce all types of blood cells. entering the capillaries but bathing the organs directly. Hemocytoblastic leukemia (n.) Stem cell leukemia. Hemocoelic (adj.) Of, relating to hemocoel. Hemocytoblastis (n.) Same as hemocytoblast. Hemocoelon (n.) Same as hemocoel. Hemocytoblastoma (n.) A tumor that is composed of Hemocolpometra (n.) Accumulation of blood or menstrual bone marrow-type cells. fluid in the vagina, as well as in the uterus. Hemocytocatheresis (n.) Hemolysis. Hemocolpos (n.) An accumulation of blood or menstrual fluid within the vagina. Hemocytogenesis (n.) The development and formation of various types of blood cells in the living body; hemopoiesis. Hemocolpus (n.) Same as hematocolpos. Hemocytolysis (n.) A breaking up of the blood corpuscles, Hemoconcentration (n.) Increased concentration of cells as by pressure, in distinction from solution of the corpuscles; and solids in the blood usually resulting from loss of fluid the dissolution of blood cells; hemolysis. to the tissues; increased of blood viscosity usually by water loss. Hemocytology (n.) Cytology of all types of blood cells.

Hemoconia (n.) Small, round or dumbbell-shaped refrac- Hemocytoma (n.) A tumor that is composed of undif- tive colorless particles in the blood demonstrating Brown- ferentiated blood cells. DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” "HAEMA, BLOOD# IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 23

Hemocytometer (n.) An instrument for determining the Hemodrometer (n.) An instrument for measurement the number of corpuscles in a given quantity of blood manu- velocity with which the blood moves in the arteries. ally; the area under each square contains a known amount Hemodrometry (n.) The act of measuring the velocity with of diluted blood. which the blood circulates in the arteries. Hemocytometry (n.) Determination of the number of Hemodromograph (n.) An instrument for registering the corpuscles in a given quantity of the blood. velocity of the blood. Hemocytopoiesis (n.) The development and formation of Hemodromometry (n.) Same as hemodrometry. various types of blood cells in the living body; hemopoiesis. Hemodynameter (n.) Device for measuring the blood Hemocytosis (n.) An increase in total red cell mass of the pressure. blood; polycythemia. Hemodynamic (adj.) Of, relating to, or involving hemo- Hemocytotrypsis (n.) A breaking up of the blood cor- dynamics; relating to, or functioning in the mechanics of puscles, as by pressure, in distinction from solution of the blood circulation. corpuscles, or hemocytolysis. Hemodynamically (adv.) The function and mechanics for Hemocytozoa (n.) Minute protozoans that are parasitic maintaining the systemic or regional blood circulation. at some stage of the life cycle in the blood cells of vertebrates; hemosporidia. Hemodynamics (n.) The movements of the blood and the forces involved in systemic or regional blood circulation. Hemacytozoon (n.) Animal microparasite of the blood current. Hemodyscrasia (n.) Blood dyscrasia.

Hemocyturia (n.) Presence of blood in the urine; hematuria. Hemodystrophy (n.) Disease caused by faulty blood nutrition.

Hemodiafiltration (n.) The combination of hemodialysis Hemoencephalic barrier (n.) Fluid barrier located in the and hemofiltration, either simultaneously or sequentially. choroid plexes and the blood-brain locates in the capillary Convective transport (hemofiltration) may be better for membranes everywhere in the brain, except the circum- removal of large molecular weight substances and diffuse venticular organs. transport (hemodialysis) for smaller molecular weight solutes. Hemoencephalon (n.) Same as hematocephalus. Hemodiagnosis (n.) The art or act of identifying a hema- Hemoencephalus (n.) Accumulation of blood into the tologic disease from its signs and symptoms; the decision substance of the brain. reached by diagnosis of a hematologic disease. Hemoendothelial (adj.) Of a placenta; having the fetal Hemodialysis (n.) Filtering of the blood (diffuse transport) villi reduced to bare capillary loops that are bathed in in order to remove waste products of smaller molecular maternal blood. weight; dialysis. Hemoendothelial placenta (n.) A type of placenta in which (n.) An apparatus designed to do the work Hemodialyzer the inner lining (endothelium) of the capillaries of the of the kidney during temporary stoppage of kidney func- chorion comes in direct contact with the mother’s blood. tion; artificial kidney. Hemoerythrin (n.) A red respiratory pigment found in the (n.) Emigration of leucocytes across the Hemodiapedesis blood of earthworms. endothelium. Hemoferrometer (n.) Instrument designed to perform (n.) Increased levels of the enzyme diastase Hemodiastase permeability and hysteresis test on blood iron. (amylase) in the blood. Hemoferrum (n.) Blood iron. Hemodichorial placenta (n.) A placenta in which two layers of the trophoblast are interposed between fetal Hemofilter (n.) A filter comprised of several thousands capillaries and maternal blood, as in rabbits. hollar filter capillaries, connected between arterial and venous sites for making hemofiltration. Hemodilution (n.) Reduction of blood viscosity usually by the addition of cell free solution. Hemofiltration (n.) Extracorporeal ultrafiltration technique without hemodialysis (convective transport) for removal of (n.) A genus of arthropods. Hemodipsus large molecular weight substances and treatment of fluid Hemodremometer (n.) Same as hemodrometer. overload and electrolyte disturbances. 24 J. MELETIS and V. GORATSA

Hemoflagellate (n.) A flagellate (as a trypanosoma) that a test that identifies the presence of hemoglobin in the is a blood parasite. urine without the concurrent presence of red blood cells.

Hemofuscin (n.) A yellowish brown pigment found in small Hemoglobinuria, paroxysmal (n.) Disorder characterized amounts in some normal tissues and increased amounts by intravascular hemolysis and hemoglobinuria. Some cases in some pathological states (as hemochromatosis). occur on exposure to cold and are due to the presence of an autohemolysin in the serum. Other cases are more Hemogastric (n.) Marked by gastric hemorrhage. marked during or immediately after sleep and are con- Hemogen (n.) A stem cell for blood cellular elements. sidered to be due to an acquired intracorposcular defect.

Hemogenesis (n.) The development and formation of vari- Hemoglobinuric (n.) Of, relating, or affected with hemo- ous types of blood cells in the living body; hemopoiesis. globinuria.

Hemogenia (n.) Same as hemopoiesis. Hemogone (n.) A stem cell for blood-cellular elements; hemohistioblast. Hemogenic (n.) Produced by or derived from blood; hemopoietic. Hemogonia (n.) The development and formation of various types of blood cells in the living body; hemopoiesis. Hemoglobic (adj.) Of, relating with hemoglobin; hemoglobinic. Hemogonium (n.) Same as hematogone; hemohistioblast.

Hemoglobin (n.) The protein molecule in red blood cells Hemogram (n.) A systemic report of the findings from a which carries oxygen from the lungs to the body’s tissues blood examination; a complete written or graphic repre- and returns carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs; sentation of the differential blood count. iron-containing substance in erythrocytes. Hemogregarina, -e (n.) A genus of sporozoan parasites Hemoglobin electrophoresis (n.) A special diagnostic that at different stages of their life cycle parasitize the procedure which identifies abnormal hemoglobin protein circulatory system of vertebrates and the digestive tract by the way they migrate in an electric field. of invertebrates.

Hemoglobin test (n.) Measurement of the amount of Hemohistioblast (n.) A hemocytoblast that is a derivative hemoglobin in the blood. of the reticoendothelial system.

Hemoglobinemia (n.) The presence of free hemoglobin Hemohyaloid (n.) Presence of blood in the vitreous body proteins in the blood plasma resulting from the solution of of the eye. hemoglobin out of red blood cells or their disintegration. Hemo-irradiation (n.) Bio-photonic technique of light Hemoglobinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with he- therapy. moglobinemia. Hemo-irradiator (n.) Instrument for making bio-photonic Hemoglobinic (n.) Of, relating with hemoglobin. therapy.

Hemoglobiniferous (n.) The iron content of the hemoglobin. Hemoid (adj.) Resembling blood.

Hemoglobinolysis (n.) Hemoglobin lysis. Hemokinesis (n.) The flow of the blood in the body; increased activity of free-moving blood cells. Hemoglobinless (n.) Type of ice fishes without hemoglobin. Hemokinetic (adj.) Relating to or causing the flow of Hemoglobinomete r (n.) An instrument for the colorimetric blood in the body. determination of hemoglobin in blood. Hemokonia (n.) Small, round or dumbbell-shaped refrac- Hemoglobinometry (n.) Measurement of hemoglobin tive colorless particles in the blood demonstrating Brown- concentration in blood. ian movement, observed in blood platelets in a wet film Hemoglobinopathies (n.) A group of inherited disorders of blood under darkfield microscopy, that are probably characterized by structural alterations within the hemoglobin granules from the cells in the blood or minute globules molecule, or in other cases one of the globin chains is syn- of fat called also blood dust. thesized at a lower rate despite being normal in structure. Hemokoniasis (n.) The presence of an abnormal amount Hemoglobinous (n.) Of, relating with hemoglobin. of hemoconia in the blood.

Hemoglobinuria (n.) The presence of free hemoglobin in Hemolelaps (n.) A genus of sucking lice including various the urine, an abnormal finding, that make the urine dark; species and serious pests of domestic animals. DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” "HAEMA, BLOOD# IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 25

Hemolith (n.) Blood cell; hemocyte. cal to the surface antigens of the red blood cells. It is used to measure how much complement is left after around of Hemology (n.) The science which treats of the blood, a complement fixation. subspecialty of internal medicine concerned with morphology, physiology and pathology of blood and blood-forming Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (n.) A condition in which tissues; hematology. there is clumping of platelets within the kidney’s small blood vessels with resultant ishemia to the kidney leading Hemolutein (n.) A crystalline or amorphous pigment to renal failure. The partial blockage of the blood vessels free from iron, formed from hematin is presented in the also leads to hemolysis. Platelets are also decreased which corpora lutea. contributes to bleeding problems. Hemolymph (n.) The blood/lymph-like nutrient fluid of Hemolyze, hemolyzing, hemolyses (v.) To cause hemolysis some vertebrates; the arthropod equivalent of blood. at; to undergo hemolysis. Hemolymph node (n.) Any of several chiefly retroperito- Hemomanometer (n.) Device for measuring the blood neal nodes of tissue resembling lymph node but having pressure. the lymph spaces replaced in whole or in part by blood sinuses; hemal node. Hemomediastimum (n.) An abnormal state characterized by the presence of blood in the mediastinum. Hemolymphangioma (n.) A tumor that composed of blood vessels and lymph vessels. Hemometakinesis (n.) The blood flow in the vessels. Hemometer (n.) Device for measuring the blood pressure. Hemolymphocytotoxin (n.) Cytotoxic product of T-cells; tumor necrosis factor alpha. Hemometra (n.) Retention of blood in the uterus.

Hemolysate (n.) A product of hemolysis. Hemomixy (n.) Marriage between family cognate members; incest; incestuousness; consanguinity. Hemolysin factors (n.) Plasmids controlling the synthesis of hemoglobin by bacteria. Hemomonochorial placenta (n.) A type of hemochorial placenta where a single layer of trophoblast tissue separates Hemolysins (n.) Substances usually of biological origin the mother’s blood from the blood capillaries of the foetus. that destroy blood cells, they may be antibodies or other immunologic factors, toxins, enzymes etc; bacterial exo- Hemomyelia (n.) A hemorrhage (area of internal bleed- toxins that can lyse erythrocytes. ing) which extends into the spinal cord, occurs usually as a result of injury. Hemolysis (n.) A process of disintegration or dissolution of erythrocytic membrane by different causal agents, resulting Hemomyelogram (n.) Smears from bone marrow aspiration. release of hemoglobin. Hemonchiasis (n.) Same as hemonchosis. Hemolytic (adj.) Of, relating, involving, or affected with Hemonchosis (n.) Infestation with or disease caused by hemolysis. nematode worms of the gens Hematonchus, typically characterized by anemia, digestive disturbances, and emacia- Hemolytic, anemia (n.) Anemia caused by the destruction tion resulting from the bloodsucking habits of the worm. of red blood cells; anemia resulting from reduced red cell survival time and hemolysis, either due to an intrinsic defect Hemonchus (n.) A widely distributed genus of nematode in erythrocyte or an extrinsic damaging agent. worms which infest the duodenum and stomach of domestic and wild herbivores; infestation of man is accidental. Hemolytic disease of the newborn (n.) Abnormal break up of red blood cells in the fetus or newborn. This is usually Hemonectin (n.) A protein found in the bone marrow due to antibodies made by the mother directed against the matrix of mice, specifically aiding adhesion of granulocyte baby’s red cells. It is typically caused by Rh incompatibility. lineage cells.

Hemolytic jaundice (n.) A type of jaundice, where the skin Hemonephros (n.) A hemorrhage into the substance of takes on a yellowish hue, occurring in cases of hemolysis. the kidney.

Hemolytic plaque assay (n.) A lab technique used to show Hemonephrosis (n.) Same as hemonephros. that certain antibodies are secreted by antibody-making Hemony (n.) A plant described by Milton as “of sovereign cells when these cells are mixed with red blood cells. use against all enchantments”. Hemolytic system (n.) A system composed of red blood Hemoparasite (n.) A parasite that lives within its hosts cells covered with antibodies which are genetically identi- blood stream. 26 J. MELETIS and V. GORATSA

Hemopathologic (adj.) Of, relating to hemopathology. characterized by a permanent tendency to hemorrhage.

Hemopathologist (n.) A doctor who specializes in he- Hemophiliac (adj.) A person suffering from hemophilia. matopathology. Hemophilic (adj.) Tending to thrive in blood; hemophiliac Hemopathology (n.) The medical science concerned with patient; of, relating, or affected with hematophilia; growing diseases of the blood and related tissues. well in blood or in a culture containing blood.

Hemopathy (n.) Any blood disease. Hemophilic bacteria (n.) Any of various bacteria of the genera Hemophilus, Bortetella, and Moraxella that grow Hemopedesis (n.) Hemodiapedesis. especially well in culture media containing blood or that Hemopenia (n.) A decrease of the total blood volume; have a nutritional need for constituents of fresh blood. olighemia. Hemophilioid (n.) Same as hemophiloid. Hemoperfusion (n.) Removal of toxins or metabolites from the circulation by passing of blood, within a suitable Hemophiloid (n.) Resembling classical hemophilia but extracorporeal circuit, over semipermeable microcapsules of different genetic derivation, as in various hereditary or containing absorbents, or enzymes, other enzyme prepara- acquired hemorrhagic disorders that are not due solely to tions, or other absorbents. a deficiency of blood coagulation. Hemopericardium (n.) Accumulation of blood in the Hemophilus (n.) A genus of non motile Gram-negative pericardial cavity. facultatively anaerobic rod bacteria of the family Pasteurel- laceae that include several pathogens. Hemoperitoneum (n.) Presence of blood into the peritoneal cavity. Hemophobia (n.) An abnormal and persistent fear of blood as a part of social phobia. The suffers of this very common Hemopexin (n.) A glycoprotein that binds heme preventing phobia dread the sight of their own blood, the sight of its excretion in urine and that is part of the beta-globulin the blood of another person or an animal and sometimes fraction of human of human serum; beta-globulin, acute printed or filmed images of blood or even thought of blood. phase protein; hemopexin. Hemophoric (adj.) Bearing blood or blood vessels. Hemopexis (n.) Blood coagulation. Hemophoructus (n.) Biting midges of the genus Diptera. Hemophage (n.) Macrophage or other macrophage phagocytosing blood cells; hemophagocyte. Hemophotograph (n.) A photo of a blood smear. Hemophagia (n.) An ingestion of blood; phagocytosis of Hemophotometer (n.) An instrument for determining red cells. the number of corpuscles in a given quantity of blood manually; the area under each square contains a known Hemophagocyte (n.) Macrophage or other macrophage amount of diluted blood. phagocytosing blood cells; hematophage. Hemophthalmia (n.) Same as hemopthalmos. Hemophagocytic (adj.) Erythrophagocytic. Hemophthalmus (n.) Accumulation of blood in the eyeball. Hemophagocytosis (n.) An ingestion of blood; phagocytosis of red cells. Hemopiezometer (n.) An instrument for measuring the compressibility of the blood. Hemophagous (n.) Feeding of blood; feeding mainly on blood. Hemopis (n.) A type of Arthropods. Hemophagus (n.) Same as hematophagus. Hemoplania (n.) Withdraw menstrual bleeding. Hematophagy (n.) Consumption of blood cells by mac- Hemoplastic (n.) Capable of growth, repair, or differentia- rophages and sometimes other phagocytes. tion of hemopoietic tissue. Hemophein (n.) A brownish substance sometimes found Hemopleura (n.) Accumulation of blood in the pleural in the blood, in cases of jaundice. cavity; hemothorax. Hemophil (n.) Same as hemophiliac. Hemopneumomediastinum (n.) Simultaneous presence of blood and air in the mediastinum. Hemophilia (n.) A set of an inherited bleeding disorders in which the ability of blood to clot is impaired; deficiency Hemopneumopericardium (n.) Simultaneous accumula- of factor VIII (hemophilia A) or factor IX (hemophilia B), tion of blood and air in the pericardial cavity. DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” "HAEMA, BLOOD# IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 27

Hemopneumoperitoneum (n.) Simultaneous accumula- Hemoproteus (n.) A genus of protozoan parasites occur- tion of blood and air in the peritoneal cavity. ring in the blood of some birds (as pigeons). Hemopneumothorax (n.) Collection of air and blood in Hemopsonin (n.) Antibody of blood serum that makes for- the pleural cavity. eign cells more susceptible to the action of the phagocytes. Hemopoiesis (n.) The development and formation of vari- Hemopthisis (n.) Decreased cellularity of the hemopoietic ous types of blood cells in the living body, involving both tissues. proliferation and differentiation from stem cells. In adult Hemoptoe (n.) Same as hemoptysis. mammals occurs in bone marrow. Hemoptoic (adj.) Of, or produced hemoptysis. Hemopoietic (adj.) Refers to an agent or process that affects or promotes the formation of blood cells. Hemoptysis (n.) Hemorrhage from the respiratory tract that is manifested with spitting of blood, or blood-tinged Hemopoietic growth factor (n.) Any of group of glyco- sputum; expectoration of blood or of blood stained sputum. proteins that promote the proliferation and maturation of blood cells; colony-stimulating factor. Hemopyelectasia (n.) Dilation of the kidney pelvis with blood and urine. Hemopoietic stem cell (n.) Progenitor cells from which all blood cells derive; cell that gives rise to a distinct daughter Hemorrhage (n.) Bleeding or escape of blood from a ves- cells, one a replica of the stem cell, one a cell that will fur- sel; a copious discharge of blood from the blood vessels; ther proliferate and differentiate into a mature blood cell. (intransitive v.) to bleed copiously; to undergo a rapid and sudden loss; (transitive verb) to lose (something valuable) Hemopoietic system (n.) The place of blood cell produc- rapidly and in quantity. tion and differentiation. Hemorrhaged, hemorrhaging (vi) [Προσοχή! Ως σύντμηση Hemopoietic tissue (n.) A reticulate tissue which produces δεν αναφέρεται στην αρχή. Να διευκρινιστεί η ορθότητά blood. του] To undergo heavy or uncontrollable bleeding. Hemopoietin (n.) A glycoprotein (protein with a sugar Hemorrhagenic (adj.) Causing hemorrhage. attached to it) produced by the kidneys which stimulates Hemorrhages (adj.) Profuse bleeding from the blood vessels. the formation of erythrocytes. Hemorrhagic (adj.) Diseases or conditions that are caused Hemoporphyrins (n.) Iron-free derivatives of hem with by or result in hemorrhaging; to undergo heavy or uncon- four methyl groups, two hydroxymethyl groups and two trollable bleeding; a free and forceful escape of blood. propionic acid groups, attached to the pyrrole rings. Hemorrhagic bacteriemia (n.) Any if several diseases usually Hemoporphyrin (n.) Iron-free hematin. caused by Pasteurella multocida , marked by the presence Hemoporphyrinemia (n.) Abnormal excess of hemato- of hemorrhagic areas in the subcutaneous tissues, serous porphyrins in the blood. membranes, muscles, lymph nodes and throughout the Hemoporphyrinuria (n.) Abnormal excess of hematopor- internal organs. phyrins in the urine; porphyrinuria. Hemorrhagic brain metastases (n.) Intratumoral hemor- Hemoposia (n.) The drinking of blood. rhage most likely to be high-density, well circumscribed mass. Hemoprecipitin (n.) Any of various antibodies which form Hemorrhagic diathesis (n.) A condition where the patient insoluble precipitates of blood cells with specific antigens is more prone to bleeding than normal, which can be the and some of which are used in serological testing. result of a genetic disease (hemophilia) or the result of malnutrition (lack of vitamins C, K, etc.). Hemoprecipitation (n.) The formation of insoluble precipitates of blood with specific antibodies. Hemorrhagic disease of newborn (n.) A self-limited hemorrhagic disorder of the first days of life, caused by a Hemoproteide (n.) A family of protozoans of the order deficiency of the vitamin K-dependent blood coagulation Hemosporidia that are related to malaria parasites but factors II, VII, IX and X. have the schizogonic phases typically in the visceral en- Hemorrhagic dystrophic thrombocytopenia (n.) Rare dothelium of various birds. inherited disorder of coagulation characterized by usually Hemoprotein (n.) A conjugated protein (as hemoglobin large and irregularly shaped platelets in the blood that do or cytochrome) whose prosthetic group is a porphyrin not clump together normally, resulting in a tendency to combined with iron. bleed excessively and bruise easily. 28 J. MELETIS and V. GORATSA

Hemorrhaging fever (n.) Any group of viral infections, Hemoscope (n.) An instrument devised by Hermann, for including dengue hemorrhagic fever, Ebola virus disease regulating and measuring the thickness of a layer of blood and yellow fever characterized by high fever, petechiae, for spectroscopic examination. internal bleeding, hypotension, and shock. Hemosiderin (n.) A mammalian iron storage protein related Hemorrhagic metalloproteinase (n.) Enzyme extracted to ferritin but less abundant; yellowish brown granular pig- from vipera berus berus venom; hydrolyzes casein, fibrino- ment (metalloprotein) formed by breakdown of hemoglobin gen and digests a chain of fibrinogen. in phagocytes and tissues, especially in disturbances of iron metabolism (as hemochromatosis, hemosiderosis or some Hemorrhagic telangiectasia (n.) Rare inherited disorder anemias), and composed essentially of colloid ferric oxide. characterized by vascular dysplasia, usually hemorrhaging. Vascular dysplasia may result in abnormalities affecting Hemosiderinemia (n.) Increased levels of hemosiderin various organ systems of the body, including gastrointes- in the blood. tinal tract, skin, lungs, brain, and liver; Osler-Weber-Rendy Hemosiderinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with syndrome. hemosiderinemia. Hemorrhagica, purpura (n.) Thrombocytopenic purpura. Hemosiderinuria (n.) Presence of intracellular hemosiderin in Hemorrhagicum, corpus (n.) A ruptured graafian follicle the epithelial cells of the urinary truct excreted in the urine. containing a blood clot that is absorbed as the cells lining Hemosiderinuric (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with he- the follicle from the corpus luteum. mosiderinuria. Hemorrhagin (n.) A toxic substance occurring usually as Hemosiderosis (n.) Conditions with a generalized increase a component of various snake venoms that breaks down of the iron stores of body tissues, particularly of liver and blood vessels and endothelial cells, thus causing bleeding. RES, without demonstrable tissue damage. Presence of Hemorrhaging (n.) Excessive bleeding. stainable iron in the tissue in the form of hemosiderin.

Hemorrhea (n.) Bleeding or escape of blood from a ves- Hemosite (n.) Blood circulating parasite. sel; a copious discharge of blood from the blood vessels. Hemosorbent (n.) A product intended for removal from Hemorrheology (n.) The study of the flow of blood in a human organism of toxic compounds. relation to the pressures, flow, volumes and resistances Hemospasia (n.) The process of withdrawing whole blood in blood vessels in macroscopic, microscopic and submi- into CPD anticoagulant in conjunction with simultaneous croscopic dimensions. replacement with a sanguinous fluid; the withdrawing of Hemorrheologic (adj.) Of, or affecting the blood viscosity. blood by glassy sucker cups.

Hemorrheological (adj.) Same as hemorrheologic. Hemospast (n.) An agent or action for drawing of blood to part. Hemorrhoidal (adj.) Of, or pertaining to, or of the nature of hemorrhoids; a rectal part (as an artery or vein). Hemospastic (adj.) Of, related to, or producing hemospasia.

Hemorrhoidalis (adj.) Hemorrhoidal. Hemospermia (n.) Abnormally presence of blood in the semen. Hemorrhoidectomy (n.) Hemorrhoid surgery for removal of enlarged veins around the anus. Hemosporidia, Hemosporide (n.) Minute protozoans that are parasitic at some stage of the life cycle in the blood Hemorrhoidolysis (n.) Therapeutic galvanic waves applied cells of vertebrates. directly to the hemorrhoids producing a chemical reaction that shrinks and dissolves hemorrhoidal tissue. Hemosporidian (adj.) Of, relating to Hemosporide.

Hemorrhoids (n.) Varicosities of the hemorrhoidal venous Hemosporina (n.) A suborder of heteroxenous protozoa plexuses. in which the macrogamete and microgamout develop independently. Hemosaccharimeter (n.) Instrument that measures the Hemostasia (n.) Same as hemostasis. glucose in the blood. Hemostasis (n.) The process which spontaneously arrest Hemosaccharometer (n.) Same as hemosaccharimeter. the flow of blood from vessels carrying blood under pres- Hemosalpinx (n.) Accumulation of blood in one (both) sure, accomplished by constriction of vessels, adhesion and fallopian tube(s). aggregation of formed blood elements, and the process of DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” "HAEMA, BLOOD# IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 29 blood or plasma coagulation; the stoppage of bleeding or cells; the quality, state, or relative degree of being toxic hemorrhage; the stoppage of blood flow through a blood or poisonous to the blood. vessel or organ. Hemotoxin (n.) Substances that are toxic to the blood in Hemostat (n.) A device or chemical substance which stops general, including the clotting mechanism. blood flow. Hemotroph (n.) The nutrients supplied to the embryo in Hemostatic (n.) An agent that checks bleeding; one that placental mammals by the maternal blood stream after shortens the clotting time of blood; (adj.) of or caused by formation of the placenta; embryotrophe. hemostasis; serving to check bleeding; styptic. Hemotropic (adj.) Any poison attacks the red blood cells. Hemostatic suture (n.) A type of suture used to control Hemotympanum (n.) A collection of blood in the middle the oozing of blood from raw areas. ear space. Hemostatic techniques (n.) Techniques for controlling Hemozoin (n.) A stain generated by malaria-producing bleeding. parasites, obtained from the host cell’s hemoglobin, and Hemostatica (adj.) Same as hemostatical. made up of polymers that allow the parasites to segregate in harmless form. Hemostatical (n.) Of, related to serving the checking of bleeding; hemostatical. Hemozoon (n.) A parasite inhibiting the blood. Certain species of nematodes of the genus Filaria , sometimes Hemostatics (adj.) Agents acting to arrest bleeding either found in the blood of man, or different animals. by formations of an artificial clot or by providing a me- chanical matrix to facilitate clotting when applied directly Hemproteins (n.) Proteins that contain an iron-porphyrin, to the bleeding surface. or hem, prosthetic group resembling that of hemoglobin. Hemostaxis (n.) Spontaneous bleeding caused by a blood Hemrythrin (n.) A non-hem iron protein consisting of disease. eight apparently identical subunits, each containing two iron atoms. It binds one molecule of oxygen per pair of Hemosteon (n.) The vessels of the central canal of the iron atoms and functions as a respiratory protein. osteon, the histological unit of compact bone. Heterohemoglobin (n.) The hemoglobin of an organism Hemostyptic (n.) An astringent that stops bleeding. belonging in different species. Hemostyptica (adj.) Hemostatical. Heterohemolysin (n.) An antibody that destroys red blood Hemotachometer (n.) A form of apparatus (somewhat cells in an organism belonging to a species different from different from the hemadrometer) for measuring the that used to obtain the antibody. velocity of the blood. Histaminemia (n.) Excess of the histamine in the blood. Hemotachometry (n.) The measurement of the velocity Histaminemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hista- of the blood. minemia. Hemotachophotometer (n.) A form of apparatus for Histidinemia (n.) A recessive autosomal metabolic defect measurement the velocity and the number of corpuscles that result in an excess amount of histidin in the blood and of a given quantity of blood. urine due to a deficiency of histidase and is characterized Hemotaphonomy (n.) The study of blood stain, and espe- by speech defects and mild mental retardation. cially of the changes in appearance and size of the cellular Histidinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with histidinemia. component, as well the characteristics of their cell position and appearance in function of the superficial topography Hydremia (n.) Increase of total liquid compartment of the and composition of the substrate. blood; an abnormally watery state of the blood. Hemotherapy (n.) Treatment involving the administration Hydremic (a) Of, relating, or affected with hydremia. of fresh blood, a blood fraction, or a blood preparation. Hydrothionemia (n.) An abnormal excess of hydrothion Hemothorax (n.) Accumulation of blood within the pleural in the blood. cavity. Hydroxyprolinemia (n.) Elevation of hydroxyproline blood Hemotoxic (adj.) Destructive or toxic to red blood corpuscles. levels. Hemotoxicity (n). A state of toxic damage to the blood; Hydroxyprolinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with a tendency or capacity to cause a toxic action in blood hydroxiprolinemia. 30 J. MELETIS and V. GORATSA

Hyperadrenalinemia (n.) The presence of an excess of Hypercholesterolemic (adj.) Excessive fat cells in the adrenal hormones (as epinephrine) in the blood. blood; of, relating, or affected with hypercholesterolemia. Hyperadrenalinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with Hyperchromemia (n.) A high colour index of the blood. hyperadrenalinemia. Hyperchylomicronemia (n.) The presence of excess chy- Hyperemia (n.) The presence of an increased amount of lomicrons in the blood because of enzymatic deficiency blood in a part or organ; engorgement. needed for triglyceride assimilation. Hyperemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hyperhemia. Hypercomplementemia (n.) Excess of the complement Hyperalbuminemia (n.) High levels of albumin in the blood. in the blood. Hyperalphalipoproteinemia (n.) Increased levels of alpha- Hypercupremia (n.) Excess of the copper in the blood. lipoproteins in the blood. Hypercupremic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hy- Hyperaminocinemia (n.) Increased levels of amine acids percupremia. in the blood. Hypererythrocythemia (n.) Polycythemia of unknown Hyperammonemia (n.) Metabolic disorder characterized cause that is characterized by increase of total blood vol- by elevated level of ammonia in the blood. ume; polycythemia vera; Vaquez disease; erythrocythemia; erythremia. Hyperammonemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hypeammoniemia. Hypererythrocythemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with erythremia; erythremic. Hyperamylasemia (n.) The presence of an excess of amylase levels in the blood serum. Hyperferremia (n.) The presence of an excess of iron in the blood. Hyperamylasemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hyperamylasemia. Hyperferremic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hyperferremia. Hyperazotemia (n.) A clinical condition associated with advanced renal insufficiency and retention in blood of Hyperfibrinogenemia (n.) Abnormal increase in the amount nitrogenous urinary waste products; an abnormally excess of fibrinogen in the blood. of nitrogen-type wastes in the bloodstream; azotemia. Hyperfibrinonegemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with Hyperazotemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with azotemia. hyperfibrigenemia. Hyperbetalipoproteinemia (n.) The presence of excess Hypergammaglobulinemia (n.) The presence of an excess LDLs in the blood. of gammaglobulins in the blood. Hyperbetalipoproteinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected Hypergammaglobulinemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with hyperbetalipoproteinemia. with hypergammaglobulinemia. Hyperbilirubinemia (n.) Abnormal increase in the amount Hypergastrinemia (n.) The presence of an excess of gastrin of bilirubin in the blood. in the blood. Hyperbilirubinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with Hypergastrihemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hyperbilirubinemia. hypergastrinemia. Hypercalcemia (n.) Abnormally high level of calcium in Hyperglobinemia (n.) Increased of blood cells resulting the blood. from increased blood cell production by the bone marrow; polycythemia. Hypercalcemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with hypecalcemia. Hyperglobinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hy- Hypercapnemia (n.) Increased carbon monoxide levels perglobulinemia. in the blood. Hyperglobulinemia (n.) Same as hypergammaglobulinemia. Hyperchloremia (n.) The presence of excess chloride ions in the blood. Hyperglobulinemic (adj.) Same as hypergammaglobilinemic. Hyperchloremic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hy- Hyperglucagonemia (n.) An abnormally high level of the perchloremia. polypeptide hormone glucagon in the blood. Hypercholesterolemia (n.) Excessive cholesterol levels Hyperglycemia (n.) Abnormally increased content of in the blood. sugar in the blood. DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” "HAEMA, BLOOD# IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 31

Hyperglycemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hype- Hypermagnesemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with glycemia. hypermagnesemia.

Hyperglyceridemia (n.) The presence of an excess of Hypernatremia (n.) Excessive amount of sodium in the glycerids in the blood. blood.

Hyperglyceridemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with Hypernatremic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hyper- hypertriglyceridemia. natremia.

Hyperglycinemia (n.) Elevation of glycine levels in the blood. Hyperlipoproteinemia (n.) Metabolic disease character- Hyperhemoglobinemia (n.) Abnormally increased hemo- ized by excess plasma lipoproteins; the presence of excess globin levels in the blood. lipoprotein in the blood. Hyperheparinemia (n.) The presence of excess heparin in Hyperlipoproteinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with the blood, usually resulting in hemorrhage. hyperlipoproteinemia. Hyperheparinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with Hyperlysinemia (n.) Inherited metabolic disorder with hyperheparinemia. elevation of serum lysine levels. Hyperhistaminemia (n.) The presence of excess of hista- Hyperoxemia (n.) An excess of acidity of the blood. mine in the blood. Hyperphenylalaninemia (n.) The presence of excess phe- Hyperhistaminemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with nylalanine in the blood (as in phenylcetonuria). hyperhistaminemia. Hyperphosphatemia (n.) Abnormally high phosphate Hyperhomocysteinemia (n.) An inborn error of methio- concentration in the blood. nine metabolism with excess of homocystein in the blood. Hyperphosphatemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with Hyperhomocysteinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected hyperphosphatemia. with hypehomocysteinemia. Hyperphosphatasemia (n.) Increased alkaline phosphatase Hyperimmunoglobulinemia (n.) Hypergammaglobulinemia. levels in the blood. Hyperinosemia (n.) Excessive formation of fibrin; hyperinosis. Hyperpotassemia (n.) Abnormally high potassium concentration in the blood; hyprerkalemia. Hyperinsulinemia (n.) Excessive high blood insulin levels. Hyperprolactinemia (n.) The presence of an abnormally Hyperinsulinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with high concentration of prolactin in the blood. hyperinsulinemia. Hyperprolinemia (n.) Increased levels of the proline in the Hyperkalemia (n.) Abnormally high potassium concentra- blood, because of a defect of proline oxidase. tion in the blood. Hyperkalemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hyper- Hyperproteinemia (n.) Abnormal increase in the serum kalemia. protein of the blood. Hyperkaliemia (n.) Same as hyperkalemia. Hyperproteinemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with hyperproteinemia. Hyperketonemia (n.) A condition marked by an abnormal increase of ketone bodies in the circulating blood; ketosis; Hyperprothrombinemia (n.) An excess of prothrombin ketonemia. in the blood. Hyperketonemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with ke- Hyperprothrombinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected tonemia; ketonemic. with hyperprothrombinemia Hyperlipemia (n.) The presence of excess fat or lipids in Hypersalemia (n.) Hypernatremia. the blood. Hypersarcosinemia (n.) Increased levels of the sarcosine in Hyperlipemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hypelipemia. the blood, because of excess of sarcosine dehydrogenase. Hyperlipidemia (n.) Same as hypelipemia. Hyperthrombinemia (n.) Same as hyperprothrombinemia. Hyperlipidemic (adj.) Same as hyperlipemic. Hyperthrombinemic (a) Of, relating, or affected with hyperprothrombinemia. Hypermagnesemia (n.) Abnormally high magnesium concentration in the blood. Hyperthyroxinemia (n.) Excess of thyroxine in the blood. 32 J. MELETIS and V. GORATSA

Hypertriglyceridemia (n.) Elevated triglyceride concentra- Hypocomplementemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with tion in the blood. hypocomplementemia. Hypertriglyceridemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with Hypocupremia (n.) An abnormally decreased level of hypertriglyceridemia. copper in the blood. Hyperuricemia (n.) Excess uric acid in the blood. Hypocupremic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with hypocupremia. Hyperuricemic (a) Of, relating, or affected with hyperuricemia. Hypocythemia (n.) Decreased numbers of circulating Hypervalinemia (n.) Increased levels of valine in the blood blood cells. because of valine transaminase defect. Hypocythemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with hypo- Hypervolemia (n.) An abnormally high volume of blood cythemia. circulating through the body. Hypoelectrolytemia (n.) Low levels of electrolytes in the Hypervolemic (a) Of, relating, or affected with hypervolemia. blood. Hyphema (n.) Bleeding in the anterior chamber of the eye. Hypoestrinemia (n.) Same as hypoestrogenemia. Hyphemia (n.) A decrease of the total blood volume; Hypoestrogenemia (n.) Low levels of estrogens in the blood. oligemia. Hypoestrogenemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with Hypoalbuminemia (n.) Decreased levels of albumin in hypoestrogenemia. the blood. Hypoferremia (n.) An abnormally decreased iron levels Hypoalbuminemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with in the serum. hypoalbuminemia. Hypoferremic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hypofer- Hypoalphalipoproteinemia (n.) Decreased levels of al- remia. phalipoproteins in the blood. Hypofibrinogenemia (n.) Decreased fibrinogen amounts Hypobetalipoproteinemia (n.) A disease in which the in the blood. low density lipoproteins concentration far below normal. Hypogammaglobulinemia (n.) Decreased gamma-globulin Hypobilirubinemia (n.) Low levels of bilirubin in the blood. blood content. Hypocalcemia (n.) Reduction of the blood calcium below Hypogammaglobulinemic (a) Of, relating, or affected normal. with hypogammaglobulinemia. Hypocalcemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hypoc- Hypoglobulinemia (n.) An abnormally low globulin con- alcemia. tent of the blood. Hypocapnemia (n.) Decreased carbon monoxide levels Hypoglucemia (n.) An abnormally diminished concentra- in the blood. tion of glucose in the blood. Hypocatalasemia (n.) Low levels of catalase in the blood. Hypoglucemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hypo- Hypochloremia (n.) Abnormal decrease of chlorides ions glycemia. in the blood. Hypoglycemia (n.) Same as hypoglucemia. Hypochloridemia (n.) Low levels of chlorides in the blood. Hypoglycemic (adj.) Same as hypoglucemic. Hypocholesteremia (n.) An abnormal deficiency of cho- Hypoglycemosis (n.) Same as hypoglycemia. lesterol in the blood. Hypohemoglobinemia (n.) Abnormally decreased hemo- Hypocholesteremic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with globin levels in the blood; anemia. hypocholesterolemia. Hypohemia (n.) A decrease of the total blood volume. Hypocholesterolemia (n.) Same as hypocholesteremia. Hypoimmunoglobulinemia (n.) Hypogammaglobulinemia. Hypocholesterolemic (n.) Same as hypocholesteremic. Hypokalemia (n.) Abnormally low potassium in the blood. Hypochromemia (n.) A low colour index of the blood. Hypokalemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hypokalemia. Hypocomplementemia (n.) An abnormal deficiency of complement in the blood. Hypokaliemia (n.) Same as hypokalemia. DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” "HAEMA, BLOOD# IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 33

Hypokaliemic (adj.) Same as hypokalemic. Hypouricemic (adj.) Of, relating with hypouricemia. Hypokinemia (n.) Decrease of the blood movements. Hypovolemia (n.) An abnormally low volume of blood circulating through the body. Hypoleukemic (adj.) Leukopenic. Hypovolemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with hypovolemia. Hypolipemia (n.) An abnormally low concentration of lipids in the blood. Hypoxemia (n.) Clinical manifestation of respiratory distress Hypolipemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with hypolipemia. consisting of relatively decrease of oxygen in arterial blood; blood oxygen deficiency; decreased acidity of the blood. Hypolipoproteinemia (n.) The presence of abnormally low levels of lipoproteins in the serum. Hypoxemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with hypoxemia. Hypolipoproteinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with Immunohematologist (n.) A specialist in immunohema- hypolipoproteinemia. tology. Hypolutemia (n.) Decrease levels of the luteotropic hor- Immunohematology (n.) A branch of immunology that mones in the blood. dials with the immunologic properties of the blood. Hypolymphemia (n.) Lymphopenia. Immunohematological (a) Of, relating with immunohematology. Hypomagnesemia (n.) Low serum levels of magnesium. Immunohemolysis (n.) Hemolysis caused by an abnormal Hyponatremia (n.) Deficiency of sodium in the blood. immune response to an antigen. Hyponatremic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with hyponatremia. Immunohemolytic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with im- Hyponitremia (n.) Low levels of nitrides in the blood. munohemolysis. Hypophosphatemia (n.) An abnormally decreased level Ishemia (n.) Localized reduction of blood flow. of phosphates in the blood. Ischemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with ishemia. Hypophosphatemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with Ischemic attack (n.) Reversible or not episodes of focal hypophosphatemia. ischemic dysfunction of an organ, caused by thrombotic Hypophosphatasemia (n.) Decreased alkaline phosphatase or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. in the blood. Isohemagglutination (n.) Isoagglutination of red cells. Hypopotassemia (n.) Abnormally low potassium in the Isohemagglutinins (n.) Agglutinins making agglutination blood; hypokalemia. of red blood cells of an individual in the serum of another Hypoproconvertinemia (n.) Absence or reduced levels of of the same species. proconvertin in the blood. Isohemolysin (n.) A hemolysin that causes isohemolysis. Hypoproteinemia (n.) Decreased proteins in the blood. Isohemolysis (n.) Lysis of the red blood cells of an individual Hypoproteinemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with hy- by antibodies in the serum of another of the same species. poproteinemia. Isovolemia (n.) A normal volume of blood circulating Hypoprothrombinemia (n.) Absence or reduced levels through the body. of prothrombin in the blood, usually due to vitamin K or Isovolemic (adj.) Of, relating to isovolemia. liver disease and resulting in delayed clotting of blood or spontaneous bleeding; prothrombinopenia. Kalemia (n.) Increased potassium levels in the blood. Hypoprothrombinemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with Kaliemia (n.) Same as hyperkalemia. hypoprothrombinemia. Karotemia (n.) Same as karotinemia. Hyporeninemia (n.) Low levels of renin in the blood. Ketonemia (n.) A condition marked by an abnormal in- Hyposalemia (n.) Hyponatremia. crease of ketone bodies in the circulating blood; ketosis. Hypotransferrinemia (n.) Decreased levels of transferrin Ketonemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with ketonemia. in the blood. Leghemoglobin (n.) A plant hemoglobin found in the Hypouricemia (n.) Low levels of uric acid in the blood, along root nodules of legumes and reported to function as an with xanthinuria, due to deficiency of xanthine oxidase. oxygen-carrying pigment in symbiotic nitrogen fixation. 34 J. MELETIS and V. GORATSA

Leukemia (n.) A progressive, malignant disease of the Methemoglobinuria (n.) The presence of methemoglobin blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted prolifera- in the urine. tion and development of leukocytes and their precursors Myelemia (n.) The presence of immature cells of the in the blood and bone marrow. granulopoietic series in the blood stream: shift to the left Leukemic (adj.) Of, relating to, or affected by leukemia; of the granulocytic series. characterized by an increase in white blood cells; an indi- Myeloblastemia (n.) The presence of myeloblasts in the vidual affected with leukemia. blood stream. Leukemid (n.) A skin lesion of leukemia. Nigremia (n.) Condition characterized by blackish-brown Leukemogen (n.) A substance tending to induce the blood because of presence of hemoglobin M. development of leukemia. Normovolemia (n.) Normal blood pressure and heart rate. Leukemogenesis (n.) Induction or production of leukemia. Oligemia (n.) A decrease of the total blood volume. Leukemogenic (adj.) The potential affect to promote a process for presence of a leukemia. Oligemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with oligemia. Leukemogenicity (n.) The process of promoting an induc- Oligocythemia (n.) Relative decreased number of the tion or production of a leukemia. circulating blood cells; deficiency in the total number of red cells present in the body. Leukemoid (adj.) Resembling leukemia. Oligocythemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with oligo- Leukanemia (n.) A blood disease with characteristics of cythemia. leukemia combined with pernicious anemia. Osteohemangioma (n.) Hemangioma of the bone. Lipemia (n.) The presence of an excess of fat or lipids in the blood. Oxonemia (n.) Same as ketonemia. Lipemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with lipemia. Oxonemic (a) Same as ketonemic. Lipidemia (n.) The presence of an excess of lipids in the Oxyhemoglobin (n.) Hemoglobin loosely combined with blood. oxygen that it releases to the tissues. Lipidemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with lipidemia. Panhematopenia (n.) Pancytopenia.

Lipoidemia (n) Same as lipidemia. Parahemophilia (n.) Also as angiohemophilia.

Lithemia (n.) A condition in which excess of uric acid is Paraproteinemias (n.) A group of related diseases char- presenting in the blood; hyperuricemia. acterized by a balanced or disproportional proliferation Lithemic (n.) Of, relating, or affected with hyperuricemia. of immunoglobulin-producing cells, usually secreting a structurally homogeneous immunoglobulin (M-component) Lymphohematogenous (adj.) Same as lymphohemopoietic. and or an abnormal immunoglobulin.

Lymphohematopoietic (n.) Of, relating to, or involving in Parasitemia (n.) A condition in which parasites are present the production of lymphocytes, and cells of blood, bone in the blood. marrow, spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus. Pneumococcemia (n.) Presence of visible Pneumococci Lymphohemopoietic (adj.) Same as lymphohematopoietic. in the blood. Macroglobulinemia (n.) Plasma cell dyscrasia resembling Polyemia (n.) An abnormally high volume of blood circu- leukemia with cells of lymphocytic, plasmacytic, or inter- lating through the body. mediate morphology, which secrete an IgM component. Polyemic (a) Of, relating, or affected with polyemia. Methemoglobin (n.) A soluble brown crystalline basic blood pigment that is found in normal blood in much Polycythemia (n.) Increase in the hemoglobin content of smaller amounts than hemoglobin, which is formed from the blood, either because of a reduction in plasma volume blood, hemoglobin or oxyhemoglobin by oxidation, and or an increase in red cell numbers and mass, as a result of that differs from hemoglobin in containing ferric iron and in abnormal proliferation of red cell precursors; polycythemia being unable to combine reversibly with molecular oxygen. vera or Vaquez-Osler disease. Methemoglobinemia (n.) The presence of methemoglobin Polycythemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with poly- in the blood, resulting in cyanosis. cythemia. DERIVATIVES OF THE HELLENIC WORD “HEMA” "HAEMA, BLOOD# IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE 35

Porphyrinemia (n.) Excess of porphyrins in the blood. Sulfhemoglobinemia (n.) A condition due to the presence of sulfmethemoglobin in the blood, marked by persistent Posthemorrhagic (n.) Occurring after and as the result cyanosis, caused by the action of hydrogen sulfide absorbed of a hemorrhage. from the intestine. Preleukemia (n.) Condition in which the abnormalities in Thalassemia (n.) A group of hereditary hemolytic anemias the peripheral blood or bone marrow represent the early in which there is decreased synthesis of one or more he- manifestations of acute leukemia, but in which the changes moglobin polypeptide chains. are not of sufficient magnitude or specificity to permit a diagnosis of acute leukemia by the usual clinical criteria. Thalassemic (n.) Of, relating to or affected with thalassemia.

Preleukemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with preleukemia. Thrombocythemia (n.) Clinical syndrome characterized by repeated spontaneous hemorrhages and a remarkable Protoheme (n.) The deep red iron-containing prosthetic increase in the number of circulating platelets. group of hemoglobin and myoglobin that is a ferrous derivative of protoporphyrin and readily oxidizes to hematin Thrombocythemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with or hemin; the iron chelate of protoporphyrin IX. thrombocythemia.

Pseudohyperkaliemia (n.) False increased potassium Toxemia (n.) A generalized intoxication produced by toxins levels in the blood. and other substances elaborated by an infectious agent.

Pseudopolycythemia (n.) False increase of the total blood Toxemic (adj.) Of, relating, involved, or affected with toxemia. cells mass of the blood. Toxinemia (n.) Same as toxemia. Pyemia (n.) Septicemia accompanied by multiple abscesses Toxinemic (adj.) Same as toxemic. and secondary toxemic symptoms and caused by pus- forming microorganisms. Tularemia (n.) A plague-like disease of rodents, transmis- sible to man. Pyemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with pyemia. Typhemia (n.) Presence of typhic bacteria in the blood. Sapremia (n.) Blood poisoning resulting from the absorp- tion of the products of putrefacation. Uremia (n.) Abnormally elevated levels of urea in the blood.

Sapremic (adj.) Of, relating to, or presented sapremia. Uremic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with uremia.

Septicemia (n.) Systemic disease associated with the Uricacidemia (n.) Excess uric acid in the blood. presence and persistence of pathogenic microorganisms Uricemia (n.) Excess uric acid in the blood. or their toxins in the blood; sepsis. Uricemic (a) Of, relating, or affected with hyperuricemia. Septicemic (adj.) Of, relating, or affected with septicemia. Viremia (n.) The presence of viruses in the blood. Siclemia (n.) Sickle cell anemia or sickle cell trait.

Siclemic (adj.) Of, relating to, or affected with sickle cell Acknowledgements anemia. We express our gratitude to the Greek literature master Streptococcemia (n.) Presence of visible Streptococci in Mrs. Loukia Stefou and to Professor Mr. Leonidas Karatzas the blood. for their virtual help for this work.

ABSTRACT

Παράγωγα της λέξης αίμα στην Αγγλική γλώσσα Γ. ΜΕΛΕΤΗΣ, 1 B. ΓΚΟΡΑΤΣΑ 2 1Αιματολογική Κλινική και Μονάδα Μεταμόσχευσης μυελού, Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών, Ιατρική Σχολή, Νοσοκομείο Λαϊκό, 2Νοσηλευτική Υπηρεσία, Νοσοκομείο Λαϊκό, Αθήνα

Αρχεία Ελληνικής Ιατρικής 2012, 29(Συμπλ 1):8–36 36 J. MELETIS and V. GORATSA

References

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