DOCSLIB.ORG

COVID 19 International Topline Wave 1

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
COVID 19 International Topline Wave 1 INTERNATIONAL CONSUMER SURVEY Impact of Covid-19 on positioning of New Zealand brands By David Dyer, Luke Pearson, Maxime Lapeyre and Robert Gaston - April 2020 Report Details This survey was deployed on Saturday Background & Methodology 4th April (NZT) through until Tuesday 7th April (NZT). Purpose A questionnaire was sent to a nationally representative sample of 1947 respondents in Australia (446), This study was commissioned by New Limitations Singapore (444), United Kingdom (503) Zealand Trade and Enterprise in and United States (534). This was response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This data is reflective of a point in time completed online through Toluna’s during the Covid-19 disruption. The QuickSurveys platform. This data was The purpose of this report is to provide markets were chosen to reflect different then cleaned and weighted using an understanding of how consumers are stages of the disruption and different census data for any biases in reacting overseas so that New Zealand regions that New Zealand export to. demographic profile businesses know of how to position their (age/gender/region).The number of brands in these challenging times. Consumer’s thoughts and behaviours respondents per question is available at are changing quickly so further data is the end of this report. needed over time to understand how trends are developing. The questions devised were to provide insight into shopping behaviour, perceptions of the future, perceptions of NZ, and attitudes of consumers during the pandemic. 1 How to use this document This document is designed to provide The 4 markets of the US, UK, Australia Deep dive notes: some thought starters for businesses and Singapore were chosen as they Household incomes have been split around how trends are developing or represented 4 regions of the world, as using proportions of the country from continuing to think further about how well 4 different stages of the pandemic. which the respondent is completing the their positioning can be developed going survey. forward. th This data is currently a point in time High = 80 percentile and above th measure and even the questions that Medium = Below the 80 percentile but th A lot of the claims tested were based on are future focused need to be treated above the 20 th hypothesis around what was going on as such. Further research will ideally be Low = 20 percentile and below around the world during the lockdown, done to test how these claims and and how the business landscape may attitudes change over time. look after the disruption dissipates. Category Base Some of the findings back up these hypothesis and may be intuitive, others High Income Households 189 differ by market. Where there are Medium Income Households 1134 intuitive results, this can be used to help provide evidence of these trends in the Low Income Households 304 market to help provide businesses with Age - 18 to 34 633 confidence. Age - 35 to 54 681 Age - 55+ 633 2 Contents SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SECTION 3 Trust and Safety How we are eating Natural, organic and sustainable How consumers view on the safety and Behaviours to what and where we eat Consumers view on their shopping trust of products has changed and how consumers think this will habits towards natural and organic change post COVID-19 claims Pages 5-15 Pages 16- 23 Pages 24-31 SECTION 4 SECTION 5 SECTION 6 Quality, Indulgence and The shift to online Country and Demographics Innovation What consumers are looking to buy How have habits changed and what are Deeper dive to highlight country during and post COVID-19 consumers views towards online differences and demographics shopping behaviours Pages 32-37 Pages 38-41 Pages 40-50 3 Key Takeaways TRUST AND SAFETY – Trust and safety are important considerations right now, this is most important for higher income consumers. New Zealand 1 products are well trusted and considered safe in Australia, Singapore and UK, this is particularly high for older consumers and higher income consumers. In the US, the trust is a lot less than other markets, but does pick up for higher income consumers. Higher Incomes are a clear fit for NZ products around trust and safety. HOW WE EAT – Both higher income households and younger people plan to change their eating habits the most. 52% of high income households plan 2 to cook their own food more than they did pre-pandemic, and 32% of 18 to 34 year-olds plan to dine out or get takeaways more than they had done pre-pandemic. Higher income households have increased their consumption of shelf stable products during the pandemic, but intend on continuing to purchase these products at the same scale. NATURAL, ORGANIC and SUSTAINABLE – Consumers prefer to buy natural (58-75%), especially in Singapore (75%), but converting consumers in 3 search of natural products into organic consumers seems more likely in the United States than in other markets. Across the four markets, 23% (UK) to 43% of consumers intend to prioritise natural and organic more after the pandemic. The younger and the higher the income the more likely consumer seems willing to engage in natural and organic products in the future. QUALITY, INDULGENCE, INNOVATION – Consumers are still looking to treat themselves post COVID-19. This is interesting as this doesn’t differ 4 between income levels. Young males aged 18-34 were much more likely to look for innovative products compared to any other demographic SHIFT TO ONLINE – There was general consensus that most consumers thought they would do more online shopping even though for those aged 5 55+ more preferred to go instore. The younger generation aged 18-34 wish there was more to buy online and majority preferred to do their shopping online. PERCEPTION OF NEW ZEALAND – NZ is perceived as producing high quality goods, and being strong on environmental and natural cues. 6 Singapore has the highest overall perception of NZ products, while the US has the least. 4 Trust and Safety 5 SECTION 1 TRUST AND SAFETY Trust Building trust an essential in divided times. One thing that people in the 4 different markets agree is that trust is important. Between 71-86% of respondents in the markets say they would buy their trusted brands over others whenever they’re available. Unsurprisingly, in all four markets, consumers see their home products as the most trusted (between 86% and 93%). And preference for products made in these countries over international products was also very high (57%-78%). Singapore (57%) is much less likely to have this preference than the US (77%) or Australia (78%). New Zealanders had a preference closer to Singapore at 61%. Something to consider: How can NZ companies build up the local connection? Products from NZ are the second most trusted in Australia and 5th-6th in other markets. 77% of Australians and 75% of Singaporeans agree that they trust products from NZ. But this is much lower in the US market where only 50% agreed. 25% of Americans don’t even know NZ products, which is much higher than other markets (4%-13%) Countries hardest hit in the early stages of the epidemic are somewhat further down the list – but it is difficult to tell whether this is an impact of Covid-19 or people’s original perceptions. Getting this data over time will help identify any impact. 6 SECTION 1 TRUST AND SAFETY Trust in International products by age Younger consumers happier buying international. There are more younger people that intend to buy more I expect to buy international products… international products in the future. However, far more people across all demographics (except for Singapore) are intending to buy less international products than in the past. Older demographics have much higher preference for products from their own country. Those over 55 in Australia and those over 35 in the US have the strongest preferences. I would prefer to purchase products from my own country The older demographic are the most loyal to their trusted than from overseas brands, youngest the least loyal to the brands they trust, but this is still high for all demographics. If my trusted brands are available I will purchase these over other products 7 SECTION 1 TRUST AND SAFETY Trust in NZ products NZ products trusted most by affluent consumers. NZ products are trusted much more in Australia and Singapore I trust products from NZ than they are in USA. In the US, a quarter of consumers don’t even know NZ products. In Australia, Singapore and UK, NZ brands can leverage their provenance story better than would be possible in the US. High income consumers in these markets have a stronger preference towards NZ products as well. This is likely linked to where NZ products tend to be positioned at the higher end of most categories. 8 SECTION 1 TRUST AND SAFETY Trust in NZ products by age and gender Older consumers have most trust for NZ products. In Australia, Singapore and UK, Older demographics trust I trust products from NZ (USA respondents) products form NZ more than younger consumers. This was seen strongest in the UK where this could be due to historically strong trade partnerships between the countries. Interestingly Males in the US have a much higher trust of NZ products than females. This translated to Females having an overall lower opinion of NZ products in the US than their male counterparts. I trust products from NZ (Other markets) 9 SECTION 1 TRUST AND SAFETY Safety Build off trust in NZ products by highlighting product safety in anxious times. At times like these, Health becomes people’s number one priority.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • FORECASTING NEW ZEALAND's PATTERNS of COMPARATIVE
    NZAE Conference Paper July 9-11, 2008 FORECASTING NEW ZEALAND’s PATTERNS OF COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE Ralph Lattimore, Przemyslaw Kowalski and Gary Hawke1 Abstract One of the major themes in New Zealand economic development thinking has been concerned with the balance of trade, industry and infrastructure policy that should accompany entrepreneurial activity. A new era of export development began in the early 1980’s with the introduction of a ‘more market’ approach. However, this did not mean the end of economic development thinking. There were concerns at the time that the non-food manufacturing sector would be decimated by the large reductions in rates of protection. This concern with the breadth of non-food manufacturing has run deep in the New Zealand psyche since the economy opened to trade early in the 19th century. New Zealand’s economic development thinking has focused on attempting to transform a very small economy, without major natural resource endowments, and distant from large foreign markets, into a nation with broadly based opportunities. This thinking was multifaceted in terms of the dispersion of output, employment, entrepreneurial and commercial opportunities. Economic development also had an international trade aim that might be glibly referred to as trying to move beyond the tyranny of distance and ruminants. The rapidly changing global trade environment over the last 20 years provides an opportunity to examine changing patterns of comparative advantage in `free trade’ New Zealand. The case of New Zealand is interesting because it has always had economic features that differ significantly from most OECD countries – a very small domestic market, a manufacturing sector which shows some “hollowed-out” characteristics, distant from major importers, a very strong comparative advantage in agriculture and recent comprehensive unilateral trade policy reforms.
    [Show full text]
  • Apfsos/Wp/05 in Depth Country Study
    ASIA-PACIFIC FORESTRY SECTOR OUTLOOK STUDY WORKING PAPER SERIES Working Paper No: APFSOS/WP/05 IN DEPTH COUNTRY STUDY - NEW ZEALAND by Chris Brown Consultant FAO Forestry Planning and Statistics Branch Rome Forestry Policy and Planning Division, Rome Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok May 1997 Asia-Pacific Forestry Sector Outlook Study Working Paper Series No: 5 1 In Depth Country Study - New Zealand 2 Chris Brown The Asia-Pacific Forestry Sector Outlook Study is being undertaken under the auspices of the Asia-Pacific Forestry Commission. This report comes under Workplan Number D23 (iii). In Depth Country Study - New Zealand Asia-Pacific Forestry Sector Outlook Study Working Paper Series No: 5 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS INFORMATION NOTE ON ASIA-PACIFIC FORESTRY SECTOR OUTLOOK STUDY..................... i INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................1 CONTEXT ................................................................................................................................ 1 The New Zealand Economy and Economic Policy ......................................................................................... 1 Political Situation in New Zealand .................................................................................................................. 5 Social and Human Context for Forestry......................................................................................................... 6 THE NEW ZEALAND FOREST RESOURCE ....................................................................8
    [Show full text]
  • Energy Policies of IEA Countires
    ENERGY POLICIES OF IEA COUNTRIES New Zealand 2017 Review Secure Sustainable Together ENERGY POLICIES OF IEA COUNTRIES New Zealand 2017 Review INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The International Energy Agency (IEA), an autonomous agency, was established in November 1974. Its primary mandate was – and is – two-fold: to promote energy security amongst its member countries through collective response to physical disruptions in oil supply, and provide authoritative research and analysis on ways to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for its 29 member countries and beyond. The IEA carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among its member countries, each of which is obliged to hold oil stocks equivalent to 90 days of its net imports. The Agency’s aims include the following objectives: n Secure member countries’ access to reliable and ample supplies of all forms of energy; in particular, through maintaining effective emergency response capabilities in case of oil supply disruptions. n Promote sustainable energy policies that spur economic growth and environmental protection in a global context – particularly in terms of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions that contribute to climate change. n Improve transparency of international markets through collection and analysis of energy data. n Support global collaboration on energy technology to secure future energy supplies and mitigate their environmental impact, including through improved energy efficiency and development and deployment of low-carbon technologies. n Find solutions
    [Show full text]
  • Invest in New Zealand Tourism
    INVEST IN NEW ZEALAND TOURISM Invest in New Zealand Tourism | 1 CONTENTS Foreword 5 Why invest in New Zealand’s tourism sector? 6 Sector stories 18 Regional overviews 36 Get in touch – next steps for investors 68 4 | Invest in New Zealand Tourism FOREWORD Tourism is a leading export earner and driver of economic growth for New Zealand. The industry presents numerous opportunities for the right investors to make a significant impact. As New Zealand’s largest export earner, tourism plays New Zealand Trade and Enterprise (NZTE) is leading a a pivotal role in our economy, contributing $15.9 coordinated government project aimed at accelerating billion or 6.1 percent of New Zealand’s Gross Domestic new private investment into tourism attractions, in Product (GDP) and directly employing 8 percent of partnership with the Ministry of Business, Innovation the New Zealand workforce1. Tourism spending has and Employment (MBIE) and Tourism New Zealand surged in recent years and is forecast to continue (TNZ). We are building a robust pipeline of high-quality growing as we focus on attracting higher-value visitor projects around the country with the intention of segments and making New Zealand a year-round reducing shortages in the sector. visitor destination. This prospectus summarises key information and The warmth of our welcome and uniqueness of our independent forecasts in relation to the New Zealand culture, combined with our stunning and diverse tourism sector. It provides a snapshot of international landscapes, give us the perfect proposition for and domestic data, cut by activity and region, to high-value global visitors.
    [Show full text]
  • Non-Dairy Powders in New Zealand
    NON-DAIRY POWDERS IN NEW ZEALAND Publisher New Zealand Innovation Network 9 Melody Lane, Innovation Park, Ruakura Rd, Hamilton 3216 [email protected], Phone: 07 857 0543 Nov 2016 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................... 5 THE EXPORT OPPORTUNITY ....................................................................................................................................... 7 TABLE 1 - TOTAL FOOD PRODUCT EXPORTS FROM NEW ZEALAND (2015) ............................................................... 8 The Products, By-Product Streams or Bio-resources ....................................................................................... 8 Horticultural Industry ...................................................................................................................................... 9 Table 2 - Horticultural Growing Statistics - Fresh & Processed Fruit Products ............................................... 9 Grapes ............................................................................................................................................................ 10 Table 3- Production Volumes 2010 – 2015 .................................................................................................... 10 Table 4- Regional Growth Trends 2010 – 2015 ............................................................................................. 11 National
    [Show full text]
  • Long-Term Challenges and Opportunities in the Natural Resource Sector: Three Case Studies
    Long-Term Challenges and Opportunities in the Natural Resource Sector: Three Case Studies New Zealand Treasury BACKGROUND PAPER FOR THE 2013 STATEMENT ON THE LONG-TERM FISCAL POSITION JULY 2013 BACKGROUND PAPER Long-term Challenges and Opportunities in the Natural Resource FOR THE 2013 Sector: Three Case Studies STATEMENT ON THE LONG-TERM FISCAL POSITION MONTH/YEAR July 2013 URL: Treasury website at July 2013: www.treasury.govt.nz/government/longterm/fiscalposition/2013 NZ TREASURY New Zealand Treasury PO Box 3724 Wellington 6008 NEW ZEALAND Email [email protected] Telephone 64-4-472 2733 Website www.treasury.govt.nz Table of Contents 1 Introduction .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 New Zealand’s natural capital ........................................................................................1 1.2 Natural capital in the Crown accounts ............................................................................3 1.3 Policy options .................................................................................................................. 5 1.4 Case studies ................................................................................................................... 6 2 Oil and gas ................................................................................................................ 8 2.1 Key message ..................................................................................................................8 2.2
    [Show full text]
  • Biogas and Biomethane in NZ - Unlocking New Zealand's Renewable Natural Gas Potential | 2939894-1559009345-106 | 1/07/2021 | Viii
    Unlocking New Zealand’s Biomethane Potential BIOMETHANE VALUE CHAIN Unlocking New Zealand’s Biomethane Potential Executive Summary Anaerobic Landfill Digestion Digestate Gas Pretreatment Biogas to Food grade CO Biofertiliser use on ² biomethane decarbonisation. The CCC have indicated that the economics and agricultural land Natural gas is a key component of New processing feasibility of these technologies in a New Zealand context are not Zealand’s energy system; it provides heating to well understood, and more work is required to evaluate what role homes, businesses and powers a large part they may be able to play. of our industry. As well as being used for A popular low emission gas overseas that has seen little interest to Collection of organic waste heat, methane is an important feedstock date in New Zealand is biomethane; a renewable green methane Industry for some of New Zealand’s largest chemical substitute produced by biologically digesting organic waste materials and upgrading the gas produced. It is chemically identical processing operations. to natural gas, but over the full biomethane value chain it prevents up to 95% of associated carbon emissions. Natural gas network Natural gas is both a fossil fuel and greenhouse gas. If New Zealand This study, conducted by Beca, Firstgas Group, Fonterra and wishes to fully decarbonise its energy sector then a transition away EECA, explores the potential presented by biomethane in New Zealand. While this report is not a response to the CCC, we believe from natural gas to lower emitting gases will be an essential step. Residential & it outlines a potential pathway and the high level economics commerical Industrial Municipal Municipal Manure Crop Residue users As discussed in the Climate Change Commission’s (CCC) final advice required to evaluate the part biomethane could play in New effluent Organic waste Wastewater report, low emission gases may have a part to play in New Zealand’s Zealand’s energy transition.
    [Show full text]
  • SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2018 1 Contents
    Sustainability Report FOR THE YEAR ENDING 31 JULY 2018 FONTERRA CO-OPERATIVE GROUP LIMITED Working together, for tomorrow. We are working together, for tomorrow. By improving how we dairy, we can make a positive impact on the world. That means caring about nutrition, for our environment and for our communities. FONTERRA SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2018 1 Contents 04 04 10 14 18 20 Letter from Our approach About Fonterra Reporting what’s Our contribution Our Approach Chairman and CEO and progress and our value important to UN SDGs creation 22 28 34 36 37 Health and Food safety In-school Trusted Our Nutrition wellbeing and quality nutrition Goodness 38 48 54 62 66 Water Climate change Packaging Animal health Our Environment and waste and biosecurity 68 74 78 80 82 88 Doing what’s right Health, safety Human rights Responsible Supporting our Our Community by our people and wellbeing procurement communities 90 90 92 94 GRI standards Assurance Associations and Appendices statement memberships About this report This report covers the activities of Fonterra Co-operative In certain sections throughout the report, we have included This report has been prepared in accordance with the An independent assurance of the report has been completed Group Limited and of joint ventures under Fonterra’s data relating to periods prior to FY18 where such data is Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Standards: Core option. We have by Bureau Veritas. This provides assurance that the report management control. It covers economic, social and relevant to, or useful context for the reader. Where we have included an index of disclosures against the GRI standards on complies with GRI Standards and provides an accurate and environmental impacts for the year ending 31 July 2018 – done so, we have made it clear which year(s) the data page 90.
    [Show full text]
  • Impacts and Effectiveness of Logging Bans in Natural Forests in Asia-Pacific
    RAP PUBLICATION 2001/08 Asia-Pacific Forestry Commission Forests out of bounds: Impacts and effectiveness of logging bans in natural forests in Asia-Pacific Edited by Patrick B. Durst Thomas R. Waggener Thomas Enters Tan Lay Cheng Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific Bangkok, Thailand 2001 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the permission of the copyright owner. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Senior Forestry Officer, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, 39 Phra Atit Road, Bangkok, Thailand. Cover photo: Thomas Enters For copies of the report, write to: Patrick B. Durst Senior Forestry Officer FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific 39 Phra Atit Road Bangkok 10200 Thailand Tel: (66-2) 697 4000 Fax: (66-2) 697 4445 Email: [email protected] FAO 2001 ISBN 974-7946-09-2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page List of tables vi List of figures viii Acronyms ix Foreword xi Preface xii 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Asian Investment in New Zealand
    Asian investment in New Zealand March 2017 ISBN: 978-0-9941409-0-6 (PDF) Asian Investment in New Zealand 2017 Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to the companies that participated in the research for this report, providing material for the case studies. We thank them for their willingness to share their experience and insights. We also thank Sally Chen and Annabelle O’Donnell for research assistance and the Overseas Investment Office for making aggregate data available. If you would like to know more about the Asia New Zealand Foundation’s activities, visit our website or join the conversation on Twitter, Facebook or LinkedIn. Asia New Zealand Foundation Website asianz.org.nz Email [email protected] Hamilton-Hart, N., A. Fiedler, B. Fath (2017), Asian Investment in New Zealand, Asia New Zealand Foundation, available at www.asianz.org.nz. 02 Preface The Asia New Zealand Foundation supports informed discussions about New Zealand’s relationship with Asia. Investment is a significant thread of this relationship, yet it is often seen through a fairly limited prism. Coverage of Simon Draper Asian investment in New Zealand is usually Executive Director disproportionate that of investment from other Asia New Zealand Foundation sources, such as North America, Europe and Australia: however, while investment from Asian countries remains a relatively small part of foreign direct investment in New Zealand, it is growing. One of the reasons for our commissioning this research was our feeling that the public discourse on Asian investment in New Zealand needed more reference points. We wanted to discuss what the data on investment from Asia did - and didn’t - show us.
    [Show full text]
  • Implications for the New Zealand Dairy Industry
    Copyright is owned by the Author of the thesis. Permission is given for a copy to be downloaded by an individual for the purpose of research and private study only. The thesis may not be reproduced elsewhere without the permission of the Author. New Zealand’s Preferential Trading Arrangements: Implications for the New Zealand Dairy Industry A thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Applied Economics At the School of Economics and Finance Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand Samuel David Howard 2011 Abstract Since the mid 1980’s when New Zealand liberalised its agricultural sector, the dairy industry has become a significant and growing contributor to the prosperity of the economy. Today, the dairy industry earns around a quarter of the total value of New Zealand’s merchandise exports, and directly accounts for 2.8 percent of GDP (New Zealand Institute of Economic Research, 2010). The international trade of dairy products however remains heavily distorted due to the continued protectionist policies of many countries. The Doha round of the WTO multilateral trade liberalisation efforts, of which New Zealand is a strong supporter, have stalled and continue to face numerous impasses. Consequently, New Zealand has begun pursuing a complementary approach of establishing bilateral and regional preferential trade agreements with key trading partners. The aim of this study is to conduct a quantitative analysis of the economic impact of the existing and proposed preferential trade agreements on the New Zealand dairy industry. Two quantitative techniques are used for this purpose. An ex post gravity model finds mixed results for the effect of New Zealand’s existing preferential trade agreements on its dairy exports, but data issues hamper the conclusions that can be drawn.
    [Show full text]
  • APP203950 Decision.Pdf
    Decision Date 7 January 2020 Application number APP203950 To import for release any new organism under section 34 of the Application type Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 Applicant New Zealand Plant Producers Incorporated (NZPPI) Date Application received 9 December 2019 Acting Chief Executive, Environmental Protection Authority Considered by (EPA) To release the tropical houseplant Rhaphidophora tetrasperma, Purpose of the application otherwise known as Philodendron ‘Minima’ or Mini Monstera, without controls The new organism approved Rhaphidophora tetrasperma Hook.f. Summary of the decision Application APP203950, to import for release Rhaphidophora tetrasperma is approved, without controls, having been considered in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms (HSNO) Act 1996 (the Act) and the HSNO (Methodology) Order 1998 (the Methodology). 1 Application and consideration process Legislative criteria for application 1.1 The application was lodged pursuant to section 34(1)(a) of the Act. Unless otherwise stated, references to section numbers in this decision refer to sections of the Act. The decision was made in accordance with section 35, taking into account additional matters to be considered under section 36, and matters relevant to the purpose of the Act, as specified under Part 2 of the Act. 2 Decision APP203950 1.2 Consideration of the application followed the relevant provisions of the Methodology. Unless otherwise stated, references to clauses in this decision refer to clauses of the Methodology. Receipt of application 1.3 Application APP203950 was formally received by the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) for consideration on 9 December 2019. Statutory criteria for pathway assessment – s35(1) 1.4 The decision to undertake a rapid assessment under section 35(1) of the Act has been delegated to the EPA’s Manager of New Organisms (MNO).
    [Show full text]