MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE KUMlVA PEAK 38-BV 60"OUADRANGLE

INTRODUCTION Parallel Survey. Descriptions of mines and prospects within the auadranale were made bv HI! 11 91 51. Lincoln 11 9231. The Kumiva Peak 30' by 60' Quadrangle lies about 40 ~anderburg-(1936). ~vertdn11947). onh ham i1969); miles north of Reno in western Nevada. The southern and Johnson (1977). Descriptions of the geology of the boundary is the 40th parallel and the western boundary, Washoe County portion of the quadrangle were included in the 120th meridian, lies about % mile west of the Nevada- the work by Bonham (1969); Johnson (I9771 described California state line. Portions of Washoe and Pershing the geology of the Pershing County part of the quadrangle. Counties, the northern half of Pyramid Lake, and a large During 1984-85, the Nevada Bureau of Mines and part of the Pyramid Lake Indian Reservation ail lie within Geology conducted a mineral inventory of the Sonoma- this quadrangle. Gerlach Resource Area for the Bureau of Land Management The John Fremont end Kit Carson party traveled through and, as part of that project,many mines andprospects in the central portion of this area in early January 1844. The the Kumiva Peak 30' by 60' Quadrangle were examined Fremont party discovered and named Pyramid Lake and and sampled. Field data were collected by Jack Quade, passed along its eastern shore on their way south. The J. V. Tingley, R: B. Jones, and L. J. Garside. In 1986, earliest mining activity, gold and silver prospecting, began T. L. T. Grose reported on several prospects in the about 1670 in Cottonwood Canyon in the northern Fox southern part of the quadrangle and, in 1967, J. V. Tingley Range, just north of the quadrangle boundary, but no pro- collected information on occurrences in the Nightingale duction was recorded as a result of that early activity. Mountains. Tungsten-bearing skarn deposits were discovered in the Samples were selected from dumps and mineralized out- Nightingale and Sahwave Mountains about the time of crops to examine trace element associations. Sample World War I and gypsum discoveries were made in the descriptions end results of geochemical analyses are in northern Selenite Range about the same time. Tungsten appendixes A and 8. The samples are high grade and do not deposits in the Selenite Range were found in 1941. Pro- represent average ore grades. The U.S. Geological Survey duction from mines in all three of the tungsten areas was Branch of Geochemistry performed the geochemical intermittent through 1972, the year of last recorded pro- analyses as part of a cooperative agreement with the duction. Gypsum is still being produced from deposits Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology. along the northern border of the quadrangle. The information in this report draws from all known The first observations of the geology of the area were sources and is intended to be a compilation of data on made in the late 1860's by geologists with the Fortieth mines, prospects, and mineral, geothermal, end oil and gas occurrences within the Kumiva Peak 30' by 60' Quad- Prospects in this area explore narrow quartz veins that ranale.- When information from literature sources has been cut Jurassic end Triassic metasedimentary rocks. Gold supplemented by field examination, the information pre- placer deposits have been prospected north of Black Moun- sented has been adiusted to reflect the field observations. tain Spring. There is aiso evidence of considerable pros- When information sources are cited, the first source listed pecting, probably for gold, in the southern Biuewing Moun- has provided the primary information. tains and the northern Sahwave Mountains, north of Juniper Pass. GEOLOGIC SETTING Black Mountain claims (1I Other name: Black Mountain placers The oldest rocks identified within the Kumiva Peak 30' Commodities: gold and silver by 60' Quadrangle are metasedimentary and metavolcanic Location: secs. 1 and 12, T29N, R26E rocks of Triassic and Jurassic age. In the Pershing County UTM' 4473950N 329120E portion of the quadrangie these rocks are described by Production: 7 ounces gold, 3 ounces silver. 1940-41 Johnson (1977, p. 19) as the Auld Lang Syne Group. a Development: considerable gravel moved over a '/,-mile thick sequence of pelitic and sandy strata with interbeds length of narrow canyon and lenses of limestone and dolomite. To the west, in the Geology: Most of the gravels are composed of material Washoe County portion of the quadrangie, similar Triassic weathered from Triassic and Jurassic metasedimen- and Jurassic age rocks are included in the Nightingale tary rocks; placer gravels include some sulfide-bearing sequence of Bonham (1969, p. 6). Outcrops of other vein material. Mesozoic metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks are Source of information: Johnson (1977, p. 56) found on the west side of the Lake Range and in the Fort Field examination: J. Quade, 1984 Sage Mountains near the southwestern corner of the quadrangle. Black Mountain lode prospect 12) Fairly extensive outcrops of intrusive rocks of presumed Commodity: gold Mesozoic age were mapped by T, L. T, Grose (written Location: sec. 1, T29N. R26E commun., 1988) in the Fox Range. These rocks include UTM 4473490N 329190E granodiorite to diorite, locally migmatitic, and gabbroic Production: none rocks. History: evidence of hand work, bulldozer work Large outcrops of Cretaceous intrusive rocks dominate Development: prospect cuts the Pershing County portion of the quadrangie. Grano- Geology: iron-stained brecciated quartz vein in Triassic diorite forms the core of both the Nightingale Mountains and Jurassic metasedimentary rocks and the Selenite Range. The Sahwave Mountains, I.)the Fieid examination: J. Quade, 1984 east, are composed of quartz monzonite (T. L. T. Grose, written commun., 1986). West of Pyramid Lake, intlwsive Bluawing prospect (3) rocks are corlflnsc to srna patclles of Cretaceous giRi I Commodities: gold and silver(?) dlor te ir :ne V8rg:nia Mu~ntalnsand near Stale Ln? 't2. n Location: sec. 25, T29N. R26E the Fort Sage ~ountains. UTM 4468350N 329000E Tertiary volcanic rocks comprise most of the outcrops in Production: none the Washoe County portion of the quadrangle, These rocks Development: bulldozer roads, long, shallow cuts down include: andesitic and basaltic flows and pyroclastic rocks several hill slopes in the Lake Range; tuffs, flows, and pyroclastic rocks in the Geology: Cuts expose a brick-red, iron-oxide-stained Fox Range: andesite and basalt flows, silicic flows, domes, zone in silicated metasedimentary rocks. The zone js and pyroclastic rocks in the Virginia Mountains; and ande- laced with white quartz veins, up to 3 inches thick, site and basalt flows and flow breccia in the mountains and some manganese-oxide staining. Metasedimen- north of Honey Lake Valley along the Nevada-Californl, tary rocks include quartzite, shale, and some lime- border. Northwest-trending faults of the Walker Lane stone. Limonite and hematite appear to be formed system pass through the southwest corner of the quad- after magnetite. Large conical hill to the northwest rangle, extending from State Line Peak to the Pyramid Lake appears to be an intrusive that has altered the basin, East of this point, faults that follow the boundaries metasedimentary rocks around it causing a large area of many of the ranges show north-south alignment then of iron staining in the intruded rocks. trend to the northeast in the eastern portions of the map Field examination: J. V. Tingley. 1987 area. A number of domes, pipes, and complex volcanic centers are present in the Virginia, Lake, and Nightingale Springer prospect (4) mountain ranges (T. L. T. Grose, written commun., 1988). Other name: Spring Ore prospect Commodity: tungsten Location: sec. 12, T29N. R26E METALLIC OCCURRENCES UTM 4473980N 328600E Producfion: 10 units WO1 (est.) BLUE WING MINING AREA History: The property was operated first during World The Blue Wing mining area, Pershing County, is located War I and again in 1972 when 11 tons of 0.8% along the northern part of the eastern boundary of the WO, was shipped, Kumiva Peak 30' by 60' Quadrangle. The mining proper- Development: short adits, cuts ties in the district are clustered in the northeastern quarter Geology: Scheelite occurs in coarse crystals in an east- of T29N. R26E on the northern edge of the Bluewing trending weakly mineralized zone in Triassic and Mountains. Jurassic metasedimentary rocks. The first recorded mining activity in this area was pro- Sources of information: Stager and Tingley (1968, p. specting for tungsten during World War I but no production 1581; Johnson 11 977, p. 56) was recorded until 1972, The only otherrecorded produc- Field examination: J. Quade, 1984 tion is a few ounces of gold and silver. There is no current production from the area. 'Universal Transverse Mercator, zone 11 (meters) 2 COTTONWOOD MINING DIST611CT Packard and 8ana propsnies (71 Other names: Packard mine, Sano mine, Powder Box adit The Cottonwood mining district, Washoe County, in- Commodities: silver, lead, and gold cludes all of the Fox Range and extends from the Smoke Location: secs. 4 and 9, T28N, R21E Creek Desert on the west to the San Emidio Desert on the UTM 4465930N 276560E east and from Pyramid Lake on the south to beyond the Production: small quadrangle boundary into the northern Fox Range. The Hisrorv: Properties were developed in the early 1920's. earliest mining in the district was in Cottonwood Canyon Development: Workings consist of three adits at the about 4 miles north of the northern border of the Packard; three adits at the Sano; and the Powder Box quadrangle. The southern part of the district is within the adit, north of the Sano. Pyramid Lake Indian Reservation. Geology: Mineralized structures at the Packard and Sano According to Hill 11 915, p. 1831, the mines in Cotton- wood Canvon were worked in the 1870's and, in 1882, adits consist of easterly-striking, northerly-dipping there werk I00 locations within the district. Hill reported veins and fault zones. Where ex~osedin undersround workings, the veins are generall; oxidized but ;ontain that the Cottonwood Canvon mines had been closed since about 1900 but a five-stamp mill was in operation in 1912 aalena, chalco~vrite,and sphalerite. Most of the veins at the Wiid Horse mine northwest of Pah-rum Peak. have been off& by faulting. Source of information: Satkoski and Berg (1962, p. Although there has been intermittent activity in the 11-20); Lincoln (1923. p. 233) district since the 1870's, the only recorded production is Field examinafion: J, Quade, 1 985 1,500 pounds of lead produced in 1929 (Bonham, 1969, p. 561. Mines and prospects are in four widely separated Wild Horse mine (81 areas in the portion of the Cottonwood district included Other name: Wiid Horse Canyon mine within the Kumiva Peak 30' by 60' Quadrangle. On the Commodiries: gold and silver west side of the Fox Range, precious-metal mineralization Location: sec. 2, T29N. R21E in quartz veins occurs at the Wild Horse mine in Wild Horse UTM 4476000N 279750E Canyon and at the Packard and Sano properties within Production: small Reservation lands near the south end of the district. Copper History: The vein was located in about 1902. A 5- mineralization occurs at the Boundary prospect about 4 stamp mill was in operation on the property in 197 2, miles south of the Packard mine. In Rodeo Canyon, on the Development: six adits (mostly caved), caved shallow east side of the Fox Range, minor workings explore schee- shafts, prospect pits lite mineralization in skarn. Geology: The mine workings explore two sets of Boundary prospect 15) mineralized faults which cut a granodiorite stock in- commodity: copper truding Mesozoic metasedimentary rocks and horn- Location: sec. 20, T29N, R21E blende gabbro. One set of faults trends about N60°W UTM 4471 600N 275750E and dips 15O to 30°SW, the other trends N60°E to Production: none N8O0E and dips from vertical to 60°NE. The Development: one short adit mineralized fault zones are 2 to 20 feet thick and con- Geology: Iron-oxide staining and sulfide minerals occur in sist of fractured, sheared, and sericitized granodiorite. both disseminated and massive form in gabbroic and Quartz veins and stringers up to 2 feet thick occur in dioritic intrusives that are exposed in a small gully. The massive sulfide outcrop is exposed in the east bank of the gully and consists of a mixture of pyrite and pyrrhotite. Disseminated chalcopyrite with malachite staining occurs locally in altered and metamorphosed gabbro on both sides of the creek, upstream from the massive sulfide occurrence. Limestone and metasedi- mentary rocks of the Triassic and Jurassic Nightingale sequence have been intruded by gabbro and diorite which were later altered and metamorphosed. The mafic rocks have been intruded by granitic dikes and granodiorite. The older intrusive rocks have been covered by Tertiary volcanic rocks but are now partial- ly exposed by erosion. Source of information: Satkoski and Berg (1982, p, 8-10)

Garnat tungsten prospect 16) Other names: Garnet Ridge mine, Nash mine Commoditv: tunasten Location: iecs.

Location: sec. 1, T27N, R26E Lakeview mine (35) UTM 4456600N 328600E Other name: Big Basin prospect Production: none Commodities: silver, gold, lead, and zinc Development: none Location: sec. 14, T25N. R22E Geology: Anomalous radioactivity occurs along iron- UTM 4435000N 289000E stained fractures in a kaoiinized pegmatite dike which Production: 90 tons hand-sorted ore cuts granodiorite. History: The mine was first developed in the 1920's; Source of inforrnation: Neff (1982, app. C, p. 2, no. 9) the last work was reported to have been in 1931. Develo~ment:three adits. a shallow shaft. and several Uranium occurrence 2 I331 prospect pits Commodity: uranium Geoloav: Stringers of vein Quartz occur in a N25O to Location: sec. 34, T26N. R26E 35;E-trending fault zonk in silicified, bleached UTM 4438600N 325380E volcanic rocks of Miocene age. The vein is 5 to 6 feet Production: none wide and occurs within an altered zone several hun- Development: none dred feet long; abundant iron oxides occur within the Geology: Uranium mineraiization occurs along limonite- vein. No sulfides are visible. stained joint surfaces in altered quartz monzonite im- Sources of information: Satkoski and Berg (1982, p. mediately adjacent to a swarm of aplite-pegmatite 34-37); 8onham (1969, p. 96) dikes. No uranium minerals were identified. Source of inforrnation: Neff (1982, app. C, p. 2, no. 8) Pyramid Lake copper deposit 136) Other name: Blizzard Camp LAKE RANGE MINING AREA Commodity: copper Location: sec. 22. T26N. R22E The Lake Range lies between Pyramid Lake and UTM 4443200N 287000E Winnemucca Lake and extends from the southern border of Production: none the quadrangle north to the San Emidio Desert. Mineral History: The prospect was discovered during stream- deposits include small copper and gold occurrences on the sediment survey of the Pyramid Lake Indian Reserva- west side of the Lake Range and a calcium carbonate tion by USBM geologists, occurrence on the east side of the range. All of these occur- Development: none rences are within the Pvramid Lake indian Reservation. Geology: Chalcopyrite, pyrite, malachite, and occasional The only recorded mineral production for this area was bornite occur in veins and shear zones in nonfoliated from the Lakeview mine located south of Bia Basin. east of and foliated diorite porphyry of probable mid-Cretace- Artillery Bay on Pyramid Lake. In 1929 a carload of hand- ous age. The diorite has been metamorwhosed bv intru- picked ore from this property was sent to the smelter in sion of a mid-Cretaceous quartz monzonite, hnoiyb- Selby, California. Mine workings explore quartz veins denite associated with chalcopyrite was found in one which follow a shear zone in altered volcanic rocks. The vein; hessite, a silver telluride mineral, was identified in Pyramid Lake copper deposit, near Blizzard Camp Point, one sample of chalcocite. Scapoiite, epidote, garnet, was discovered in 1979-81 by geologists with the US. magnetite, K-feidspar, tourmaline, and calcite with Bureau of Mines during a mineral survey of the Pyramid occasional quartz are associated with the sulfides Lake indian Reservation. Copper mineralization is asso- in the veins and shear zones. in two areas, sulfides ciated with diabase and quartz monzonite intrusive rocks. are disseminated and are associated with biotite, The deposit has not been explored and there has been no K-feldspar, and magnetite in foliated diorite porphyry. production from it. Source of information: Satkoski and Berg 11982, p. At a third locality, a gold prospect on the northeast edge 21 -33) of the Pyramid Lake basin, traces of gold occur with copper-oxide minerals in a quartz vein cutting volcanic rocks. NIGHTINGALE MINING DISTRICT The Nightingale mining district, Pershing County, encom- Gold prospect 1 I341 passes ail of the Nightingale Range. Most of the mining Commodifies: gold, silver, lead, and zinc activity within this district has been on the southeast side Location: sec. 28, T27N. R22E of the range, centered around the Nightingale tungsten UTM 4451 000N 286200E mine. A small part of the district lies south of the auad- Production: none rangle boundary in Washoe County; properties in thi$ part Development: 6-foot adit of the district are not discussed in this rewort. Geo1o.q~: A Quartz vein in a 3- to 8-foot-wide shear The first mineral deposits prospected in this district, the zonein ~ertiaryandesitic pyroclastic rocks. The zone tungsten occurrences at the Nightingale mine, were prob- of veining is along a north-trending fault zone which ably discovered early in 1917. Geologists with the U.S. forms the west margin of the ~akeRange. The veins Geological Survey visited the district in July 1917 and form a stockwork which is up to 100 feet wide and reported that tungsten prospecting was underway and that can be traced along strike for about 1,500 feet. Wail a small amount of ore had been shipped IHess and Larson, rocks are silicified near the shear zone and are 1921, p. 282-285). After this initial small production, the malachite stained. The vein is oxidized, brecciated, district was idle until 1929 when the Nightingale mine was and cemented with drusy quartz. Vein strikes NIOoW purchased by the Tungsten Production Co. Reorganized in and dips 72OW. 1933 as Gold Silver Tungsten Co., this group built a mill on Remarks: Four samples taken by USBM contained 0.8 the property and mined and miiied tungsten ores inter- to 3.05 ppm gold and anomalous silver, lead, zinc, and mittently until 1939. Later, the tungsten mines in the copper. district were intensively worked during the periods of high Source of information: Satkoski and Berg (1982, p. D-5, tungsten prices during World War I1 and the Korean War. nos. 26-29) Ore mined during these periods from the mines on the east Field examination: L, J. Garside, 1988 side of the Nightingale Range was hauled to a mill at Toulon for treatment, ore from the M.G.L. mine on the west side of Geology: Anomalous radioactivity occurs in a kaolinized the district was treated at a mill at the mouth of Cowles pegmatite which cuts the contact zone between Auld Canyon, west of the mine (Johnson, 1977, p. 75). The Lang Syne sedimentary rocks and granodiorite of the iast tungsten production from the district was recorded in Nightingale batholith. 1977 (Staaer and Tinalev. 1988. 0. 198). Remarks: ProsDect was orobablv for scheelite ~ungstendeposits in this district are in skarn formed at originally. and near the contact of granodiorite and limestone. The Source of information: Smouse (1982. aoo. C, D. 2. contact is irregular in detail although it is generally con- no. 6) cordant with bedding in the metasedimentary rocks. Tungsten is in scheelite; the ore-bearing skarn is a dark- Cay-U claims (40) green and brown thinly layered rock composed mostly of Commoditv: uranium quartz, epidote, and garnet, with substantial amounts of Location: kc. 12, T26N, R24E calcite and pyroxene, Locally the skarn also contains pyr- UTM 4445500N 308900E rhotite. rnolvbdenite. chalco~vrite... . arsenoovrite,.. . and Production: none pyrite; small amounts of galena and sphalerite occur at the Development: none Aloine mine (Johnson. 1977, p. 76). Geology: Uranium minerals are reported to be present ~hreeuranium prospects are located on the east side of in metamorphic rocks which occur as roof pendants the Nightingale Range, just north of the Nightingale mine. in a granitic intrusive. The geology is similar to the and others are in the northern part of the range. At these nearby Four Jacks prospect. prospects, uranium occurs as small pods of uranophane, Source of information: Garside I1979, p. 16) autunite, and possibly uraninite in shear zones in metasedi- mentary rocks and as unidentified uranium minerals asso- Four Jacks prospect 1411 ciated with fracture zones and pegmatite dikes in Other names: Penny prospect, Dart prospect granodiorite. Commodities: gold and uranium Location: sec. 10, T26N, R24E AAA uranium prospect 137) UTM 4445000N 306000E Commodity: uranium Production: none Location: sec. 19, T26N. R25E History: early period of mining for gold, later explora- UTM 4442000N 31 1300E tion for uranium Production: none Development: many roads, trenches, and drill sites Development: two bulldozer cuts and four drill holes Geolo~v:Araillite. slate, and hornfels of the Auld Lana Geology: Uranium occurs in a skarn, formed in a roof ~yne~rouioccur as roof pendants in granodiorite. he pendant of Auld Lang Syne sedimentary rocks en- contact zone is intruded by dikes and sills of grano- closed in granodiorite. Minor scheelite is present. diorite and pegmatite. The dikes are bleached and Source of information: Smouse (1982, app: C, p. 3, no. altered. Uranium minerals present are uranoohane. 19) autunite, and possibly uraninite. Uranium minerals are concentrated at the contact between pegmatite and Alpine mine (38) hornfels. Other name: Meyer mine Source of information: Smouse (1982, app. C, p. 2, Commodities: tungsten, silver, lead, molybdenum, and no. 4) zinc Field examination: J. Quade, 1985 Location: sec. 13, T25N, R24E UTM 4433575N 308620E Highgrade prospect (421 Production: 26,000 units WO, (est.) Commodifies: tungsten, silver, copper, lead, and zinc History: located in 1921, first production in 1943, idle Location: sec. 25, T25N. R24E since 1945 UTM 4430200N 310100E Development: Workings consist of an open pit and Production: none about 1,000 feet of underground workings consisting Development: bulldozer cuts and drili pads of an adit beneath the pit with openings into the Geology: Scheelite occurs in a narrow skarn zone near pit, and a winze from the adit with drifts from the a granodiorite contact. winze. Field examination: J. Quade, 1984 Geo/ouv: Scheeiite-bearina skarn beds occur in a salient of limestone and hornfels that extends into granodiorite. Hunt and Grunt mine (43) Scheelite-bearina skarn extends out alona the limestone Commodity: tungsten beds For 100to200 feet from the contad. The skarn is Location: sec. 23, T25N, R24E cut off at a depth of about 100 feet bv aranodiorite. UTM 4433040N 307300E Both scheelite and powellite occur in the bkarn: lead and Production: small silver sulfides occur in Quartz veins which cut the skarn History: last work in 1940's(?) zone, Development: a steeply inclined, 80-foot, untimbered Sources of information: Stager and Tingiey (1988, p, shaft with headframe still in piace 180); Johnson (1977, P. 75-76) Geology: The shaft is sunk on a marbleized lirnestone- Field axemination: J. Quade, 1984 granite contact, with granite to the east and marble and hornfels to the west. Bedding in the metasedimentarv Big Question uranium occurrence (391 rocks at the shaft is contorted. The beds strike about Other name: Altonella No. 78 occurrence N40° to 50"E and dip 45" to 50°NW. A lense of mar- Commodity: uranium and tungsten(?) ble is exposed at the shah collar and is overlain to the Location: sec. 3, T26N, R24E west by hornfels. Fine-grained, banded garnet-epidote- UTM 4447250N 306200E diopside sksrn with clots of white quartz was found on Production: none the shaft dump. Sparse scheelite is present; scheelite is Development: none small to medium grained and fluoresces blue-white. Remarks: Cabin on site and wooden headframe amear, , Source of information: Stager and Tingley (1988, p. to date from the 1940's; no work appears to have been 1821 done since that time. The area was restaked in 1982. Field examination: J. Quade, 1984 Field examination; J. V. Tingley, I987 Marvelous prospect (471 M.G.L. mine (44) Commodity: tungsten Other names: Buster mine, Cowies mine, Western Soldier Location: sec. 31, T25N. R25E prospect, Wizzard group, Cameron ciaims UTM 4430000N 312000E Commodities: tunasten and moivbdenum Production: none Location: sec. 15;~25N, R24E Development: small prospect pits UTM 4433880N 306840E Geology: narrow skarn zone along a granodiorite con- Production: 32,300 units WOs through 1961 tact Historv: discovered in 1917. first oroduction in 1918. Field examination: J. Quade, 1984 mill 'built in 1941, most prbductibn 1943-45 Development: three adits with 3,300 feet of drifts, raises, and crosscuts Geology: The mine is in a contact zone, about 300 feet wide and 750 feet long, between a thick sequence of argillaceous and calcareous rocks and an intrusive body of granodiorite. The sedimentary rocks strike northwest and dip steeply southwest. The contact is neariy conformable but the contact zone is intricately injected by granodiorite, resuiting in mixed rocks. The central part of the contact zone consists of a band of iimestone about 80 feet wide that has been altered to skarn. At deoths of a few hundred feet, the arano- diorite cuts across the favorable iimestone bed. At the surface, the best orebodv consisted of hiahlv auartz- ose skain, 5 to 20 feet kick. consisting of 70'to 90 percent quartz and 10 to 30 percent epidote, pyroxene, hornblende, and garnet with small quan- tities of sulfides and scheelite. Source of information: Stager and Tingley (1988, p. 183); Johnson (1977, p. 75-76) Field examination: J, Quade, 1985

Mahar mine 1451 Other names: Margrave mine, May claim, Joe claims Commoditv: tunasten Locarion: secs. i5and 22. T27N. R24E UTM 4452600N 306000E Production: 351 units WO, History: discovered in the early 1940's, most recorded production 1954-56, some in 1977 Development: two adits, several shallow trenches and cuts, and two pits Geology: Scheelite-bearing skarn occurs at the contact between limestone and aranodiorite. The skarn bod" is about 300 feet long an; averages about 3 feet wlbe The sedimentarv rocks strike N30°W aria alo 30°SW Source of information: Stager and Tingley i1988. p. 198) Remains of a hand windlass, Marvelous prospect. Nightingale district. J. Quade photo. Mammoth prospect 146) Other names: Don claim, Scheelite Extension claim Commodity: tungsten Nightingale mine (48) Locarion: sec. 24, T25N. R24E Commodifies: tungsten and molybdenum UTM 4432500N 309785E Location: sec. 25, T25N, R24E Production: small UTM 4430980N 309970E History: explored in 1942 Production: 40,044 units WO, Development: three shallow shafts, seven short adits, History: It was discovered in 1917 but most production shallow pits, and trenches was after 1929. A mill was built on the property in Geoloov: In the claim area. thin limestone beds have 1930 but only operated intermittently; most ore was be&'cut by granodiorite and partly altered to skarn. shipped to the Toulon mill. The skarn contains abundant garnet crystals in quartz- Development: three adits (Machine Shop tunnel, ose lenticular layers; sparse scheelite is present Ranson tunnel, and Lidstone tunnel), four shallow althouah some crvstals nearlv an inch in diameter are shafts, numerous cuts end trenches found.- ino or copper minerals and some molybdenite Geology: The mine is along a granodiorite contact that are also present in the skarn. trends north and cuts at a slight angle nearly vertical Glory hole and open stopes. Nightingale mine, Nightingale district. J. Ouede photo.

beds of slate, argillite, and limestone that strike about Production: none N20°W. Irregular bodies of quartz monzonite intrude Development: over 2,000 feet of bulldozer trenching the sedimentary rocks close to the granodiorite con- and at least one core hole tact and aplite and pegmatite dikes cut both sedimen- Geology: Uranium and possibly tungsten mineralization tary rocks and the granodiorite. Skarn in tabular bodies are present in a skarn zone in Auld Lang Syne sedi- 10 to 50 feet thick occurs along the contact where mentary rocks. Autunite, uranophane, and possibly limestone is present. Scheelite is present in mineable uraninite are present in a thin quartzite bed in hornfels quantities in only part of the skarn and occurs in four in roof pendants in granodiorite of the Nightingale principal ore shoots along a strike length of about batholith. The pendants are cut by numerous pegma- 1,900 feet. The skarn contains abundant quartz, tite and granodiorite dikes. epidote, garnet,. hornblende, calcite, pyroxene, and Source of information: Smouse (1982. app. C, p, 2, tremolite; and a little pyrrhotite, molybdenite, chal- no. 5) copyrite, arsenopyrite, and pyrite, The skarn is layered parallel to bedding and the layers are alternately fine- Red Hammer claims (51I and coarse-grained and vary in scheelite content, The Commodity: tungsten layers are cut by joints that strike east and dip gentiy Location: sec. 13, T25N. R24E south, the scheelite content is greater near the joints, UTM 4434340N 309920E resuiting in bands of ore that cut across bedding. Production: small(?) Source of information: Smith and Guild (1 942); Stager Development: about ten small pits and bulldozer cuts and Tingley (1988, p. 183); Johnson (1977, p. 75- Geology: Numerous pits have been dug on small pend- 761. -, ants of garnet skarn entirely within granodiorite. Field examination: J, Quade, 1984 Blocks of skarn are very small and display variable atti- tudes from pit to pit, indicating blocks rotated within Pegmatite prospect (491 the intrusive. Pegmatitic areas in granodiorite near Commodity: tungsten pendants contain cavities lined with quartz and calcite. Location: sec. 14, T27N, R24E Quartz is shattered and coated with sericite; UTM 4454000N 307500E ilsemannite coatings occur in some areas. Production: none Field examination: J. V. Tingley, 1978, and J. Quade, Development: several shallow, caved adits 1984 Geoloav: Pegmatite veins cut aranodiorite, strike N25O to S0E, aid contain streaksof black tourmaline along Ssge Hen Spring prospect (52) with write and other fine-grained sulfides. Grano- Other name: Uranium Lode claims diorite near the pegmatite contact contains envelope Commoditv: uranium of pink K-feldspar alteration. Location: sec. 7, T25N, R25E Field examination: J. Quade. 1985 UTM 4435600N 310550E Production: none Poncho prospect (50) Develo~mant:small Drospect .oit. . bulldozer cuts Other names: Butch prospect, Doris prospect ~eolog'~:Small roof pendant of quartzite in granodiorite. Commodities: uranium and tunosten Quartzite is highly fractured and has uranoohane Locarion: sec, 10, T26N. ~24i coatings on fracture surfaces in a small area. UTM 4445700N 305750E Field examination: J. Quade, 1 984

10

Wind Moi~ntalnmine 164 I Development: several prospect pits within a square mile Other names: T8M Associates prospect, Lake Range area montmorillonite prospect, San Emidio deposit Geology: N6OoW-trending fault zone in altered and Commodities: gold, silver, and montmorillonite silicified Miocene intermediate volcanic rocks, prob- Location: sec. 27. T30N. R23E ably a fossil hot spring zone UTM 4478400N 297450E Field examination: T. L. T. Grose, 1986 Production: none Hisfory: Known as a clay occurrence for many years, it was explored for precious metals beginning in 1978 STAGGS MINING AREA and a gold mining plan was announced in 1988. The Staggs mining area. Pershing County, is located in Development: several miles of drill roads, drill holes, what are known as the Lava Beds, a mountain range lying cuts, and trenches north of the Blue Wing Mountains, The Lava Beds, and Geology: An area of about 1 square mile in Pliocene most of the mining area, lie outside of the quadrangle but tuffaceous and volcaniclastic sedimentary rocks is one property, the Twin Buttes mine, is at the northeast argiiiized and silicified. A small hill on the property is corner of the quadrangie. capped by strongly silicified material, probably in part The Twin Buttes mine, the principal mine in the district, subaqueous spring sinter. Some sinter has abundant was discovered in the 1930's. At this mine, rnetallic silicified reeds. Some lenses of light gray chalcedony mineralization occurs in a quartz vein which follows a shear and a few silicified hydrothermal breccias. zone in Jurassic and Triassic metasedirnentary rocks. Min- Remarks: Announced recoverabie reserves are estimated ing began in 1940 and a 15-ton gravity concentrating mill at 178,000 ounces gold and 2,028,000 ounces silver was constructed in 1942: gold, silver, and lead production which would come from approximately 16 million tons is credited to the mine in 1941-43 and again in 1949 averaging 0.02 ounces gold and 0.42 ounces silver (Johnson, 1977, P. 92). oer ton. ~durcesof information: AMAX Gold inc, I1986); Papke Twin Buttes mine 1631 (1969, p. 113; 1970, p. 39-40) Commodities: gold, silver, and lead Field examination: L. J. Garside. 1983 Location: sec. 1, T30N. R26E UTM 4484600N 329510E

SAND PASS MINING AREA ~Production: ~~ .~~ 636 ounces aold. 7.577 ounces silver. Only one metallic occurrence, the Adobe Springs pros- 40,400 ounces lead pects east of Zenobia in the Virginia Mountains, has been History: It was discovered in the 1930's. A 15-ton reported from this area; prospecting, probably for gold, gravity concentrator was built in 1943. Last re- was confined to a fault zone in silicified volcanic rocks. corded production was in 1949. Additionai information on this mining area is given in the Development: adit section on nonmetallic occurrences, Geology: The main adit was driven on east-bearing quartz vein which occupies a south-dipping shear zone Adobe Springs prospects 162) cutting black metasedimentary rocks. Vein material Commodities: gold, copper, and tungsten(?) contains arsenopyrite, pyrite, some galena, and pos- Location: sec. 8. T26N, R20E sibly some silver sulfides, UTM 4445520N 264280E Source of information: Johnson 11977, p. 92) Production: none Field examination: J. Quade, 1 984

Main dump and mill remains. Twin Buttes mine. Staggs area. J. Quade photo. STATE LINE MINING AREA Remarks: There was evidence of small amount of hand- digging at the two cuts, but no major work has The State Line mining area, Washoe County, covers the taken place on this property for many years. eastern flanks of State Line Peak in the Fort Sage Moun- Field examination: J. V. Tingley, 1 986 tains. The area is south of Honev Lake Vallev in the south- western corner of the quadrangle. The stateline Peak district, as defined by Bonham (1969, p. 88). is about 20 Iron prospect 2 1661 Commodity: iron miles further south and is not included in this area. Location: sec. 22, T25N, R18E The only prospecting in this area has been for iron and UTM 4434100N 247580E possibly for uranium but there has been no recorded Production: none mineral production. Development: one long cut down the crest of a ridge Small deposits of magnetite have been prospected at and two small pits three localities along the east side of State Line Peak, The Geology: The cut exposes sugary-textured welded tuff magnetite occurs in veins associated with faults which cut at the north end and schistose metasedimentary rock both granodiorite and rnetavolcanic rocks. Uranium at the south end. A small pit about 20 feet southeast minerals are reported from a location near the Black Hawk of the south end of the cut exposes lenses of quartz- prospect, the northernmost iron locality (Garside, 1973, hematite-magnetite formed within the rnetasedimen- p. 106). tary rock. The lenses strike N20°W and dip 40°SW. Black Hawk prospect (64) one lense is exposed for about 5 feet of thickness in Other name: Black Hawk claims the pit; another is exposed for 1 to 2 feet of thickness. Commodities: iron and uranium Lenses are mostly massive hematite and are conform- Location: sec. 16, T25N, RISE able to bedding in the metasedimentary rock. Wall UTM 4436400N 247000E rocks near the pit are cut by quartz-epidote veinlets, Production: none and clots of massive, fine-grained epidote occur within Development: adits, pits the rock, Geology: The iron deposit occurs as a magnetite vein in Field examination: J. V. Tingley, 1986 the hanging wall of a north-striking fault zone cutting porphyritic metavolcanic rocks. The orebody is about 15 feet wide and 50 feet long. Small outcrops and NONMETALLIC OCCURRENCES float in the immediate vicinity indicate that other veins occur nearby but magnetic surveys in the area indicate COTTONWOOD MlNlNG DISTRtCT that they are of small size. Garside (1973) reported the presence of torbernite, autunite, and carnotite This district is described in the section on metallic occur- occurring in a N56°W-trending, 80° NE-dipping fault rences. zone that cuts preJurassic metamorphic rocks near a granite contact in the vicinity of the magnetite occur- Clay deposit 1 11) rences. Commoditv: hallovsite clav Sources of information: Shawe and others I1962, p. Location: sets. 3 and 10,'~28~,R21E 118); Garside (1973. p. 106) UTM 4487000N 278000E Production: none Development: none Iron prospect 1 (65) Geology: Deposits of impure halloysite clay occur in Commoditv: iron a lapilii tuff unit deposited between flows of vesicular Location: iec. 28. T25N, Rl8E basalt and andesite. Satkoski and Berg 11982) infer UTM 4432280N 245730E that the geology of this occurrence is similar to Production: none deposits to the southwest in T28N, R20E (Clay Development: an adit, 40 to 50 feet long, driven south- deposit 1, Sand Pass area). west to intersect a vein exposed in a cut on the Remarks: This occurrence is much smaller than the slope above the adit; a cut on slope east of the adit; deposit in T26N, R20E. and several road cuts Source of information: Satkoski and Berg (1982, p. 40) Geology: N20° to 30°W, 65ONE-dipping quartz- hematite-magnetite veins cutting coarse-grained bio- tite granite. A vein cropping in the canyon north of the HOOKER MINING DISTRICT adit is about 2 feet thick, is lenticular, and has clots of Gypsum was the first mineral commodity discovered in hematite and magnetite up to 1 foot across and 2 to 3 the Hooker district. In 1922 a crushing and calcining plant feet long in direction of strike. This structure projects was constructed at Empire, just north of the quadrangle across the canyon to the southeast and may be ex- boundary, and gypsum deposits in the district have been posed in the cut directly east of the adit. There are continually mined to the present. The gypsum deposits, on other parailel, narrow veins cutting the granite. Frac- the western side of the Selenite Range on the northern ture surfaces of the granite are coated with fine- edge of the quadrangle, occur as part of the Nightingale grained magnetite and pyroxene. The cut directly sequence of Triassic and Jurassic age; gypsum crops out in above the adit exposes a 1- to 2-foot-wide brecciated about 10bodies within an area 2 miles in diameter (Papke, magnetite-hematite vein striking NIOOto 20°W and 1987, p. 22). Further information on this district is given in dipping 75ONE. This zone is narrow in outcrop but the section on metallic occurrences. appears to widen to 4 to 5 feet where exposed in the toe of the cut. The granitic wall rock in the vicinity of Empire gypsum quarry (2) the veins is cut by numerous thin quartz-hematite- Other name: Selenite auarrv. . magnetite veins and aplite dikes. The granite has inclu- Commodity: gypsum sions of fine-grained, altered diorite and some meta- Location: sec. 5, T30N. R23%E sedimentary rocks. UTM 4486000N 304740E Production: 6,051,431 tons during 1937-70 and still Production: none in ooeration History: Known as a clay occurrence for many years, it Histor>: The property was patented between 1910 and was explored for precious metais beginning in 1978. 1916. operated bv Pacific Portland Cement Co. 1922- Development: several miles of drili roads, drili holes 48, and'acquired'by U.S. Gypsum Co. in 1948. Geology: An area of about 1 square mile in Pliocene Development: a series of large open pits aiong the tuffaceous and voicaniciastic sedimentary rocks is western front of the Selenite Range argillized and silicified. A small hill on the property is Geology: Gypsum and anhydrite occur as Dart of the caooed. . bv stronalv-. silicified material.. .orobabiv , sub-~~ ~ightingalesequence of ~riassicor ~urassicage. The aqueous spring sinter; some lenses of light gray chal- gypsum crops out in about 10 bodies within an area 2 cedonv and a few silicified hvdrothermal breccias are miles in diameter. Adjacent rocks are dark limestone, present. marble, and calcareous metasiltstone. All the bodies Remarks: Presence of a large, low-grade, bulk-mineable have a northwest trend, but most of them appear to be gold orebody on the property was announced in 1988. discrete pods. The largest body, the Seienite. is 4,000 Sources of information: Papke (1969, p. 1 13; 1970, p. feet long and trends north-northwest; it pinches out 39-40); AMAX Gold inc. (1988) at both ends and has a maximum width of 2,200 Field examination: L. J. Garside, 1983 feet. The gypsum generally is weil bedded with beds of slightly different color less than 2 inches thick. San Emidio prospect (5) Bedding angle is usually steep-70" or more-but is Other name: Mud Flat prospect as low as 20° in a few places. Strikes are quite varied Commodities: sulfur and mercurv but mostly are from N45OW to N20°E. Some faults Location: sec. 9, T29N. R23E and breccia are present. A few thin beds of limestone UTM 4474875N 296225E are present within the gypsum, and altered diabasic Production: none igneous dikes up to 3 feet thick intrude the gypsum Development: 12 trenches over about '/I mile iocaliy. The gypsum passes into anhydrite about 85 Geology: Hot springs sinter deposit along range-front feet below the surface; the generaliy semi-horizontal fault locally contains cinnabar and native sulfur. contact is fairly sharp and distinct. Small amounts of Sources of information: Bonham (1969, p, 94-96); halite are present, mostly in the upper 20 feet or so of Pepke (1969, p. 130) the gypsum, Most of the gypsum is white, fine Field examination: R. B. Jones, 1984 grained, and friable. Gypsum content ranges from about 85 to 95 percent. Impurities are calcite, quartz, Slate occurrence 1 16) mica, and montmorillonite. Commodity: slate Remarks: The deposits extend northwest into sec. 31, Location: sec, 23. T29N. R23E T31N, R24E. Crushed gypsum is hauled 6 miles to the UTM 4471250N 298500E plant at Empire where it is calcined and used to Production: none manufacture wallboard at Empire, Nevada, and at Development: none Fremont, California. Some is used to manufacture Geology: metasedimentary rocks with a nearly vertical plaster. Some uncalcined material is used a soil dip, slaty structures additive. Remarks: possibly commercial grade slate Source of information: Papke (1987, p. 22-23) Field examination: T. L. T. Grose, 1986

LAKE RANGE MINING AREA SAND PASS MINING AREA The single known nonmetailic occurrence in this mining The Sand Pass mining area. Washoe County, includes area, a deposit of calcium carbonate, is on the east side of the northern tip of the Virginia Mountains and the Terraced the Lake Range. about 4 miles southeast of Tohakum Peak. Hills. Sand Pass, the division point between Smoke Creek This property has had no production and little is known Desert and Honey Lake Valley, is on the north end of the about it. Information on the location and mining history of area; Zenobia, a point on the old Western Pacific line south this district is given in the section on metallic occurrences. of Astor Pass, is near the southern end. Bog lime deposits (marl, calcium carbonate] were dis- Calcium carbonate deposit 1 (3) covered in the Sand Pass area in 1919 (Overton, 1947, Commoditv: calcium carbonate p. 63). and the first shipment was made in 1922 (Lincoln. Locatian: sec. 34, T27N. R23E 1923, p. 234). Large shipments were made from these UTM 4448600N 297400E deposits and from deposits south of Astor Pass in 1945 Production: none and 1946, Production was again recorded for the period Development: none 1952 through 1966 (Papke, 1969, p. 1 10). Source of information: Papka (1969, p. 109) Clay deposit 1 (7) Commodity: hallovsite clav SAN EMlDlO MINING AREA Location: iecs. 1,.2,1 1 ,I 2,13,22,23, and 24, Nonmetallic minerals in this mining area include mont- T28N, R20E moriiionite clay, in the northern area of hot-springs altera- UTM 4465000N 274000E tion, and a slate occurrence. This mining area is described Production: none in the section on metallic occurrences. Development: none Geology: Haiioysite clay occurs in a lapilii tuff unit Lake Range montmorillonite prospect (4) deposited between flows of vesicular basalt and Other names: San Emidio deposit, TBM Associates andesite. The unit is about 200 feet thick and includes prospect, Wind Mountain mine some impure diatomite. The clay unit and enclosing Commodities: montmorilionite, goid; and silver rock strike north and dip about 20°E. Location: secs. 27 and 34, T30N, R23E Remarks: Papke (1969) considered the clay to have UTM 4478400N 297450E formed by hydrothermal alteration of the tuff caused

Jack Bonhsm Ranch well (6) History: In 1920, flammable gas was reported from a Location: sec. 12, T28N. R19E shallow water well in Honey Lake Valley about 2 UTM 4466350N 262350E miles east of Flanigan. Tem~erature: 2 3 C Remarks: Considerable promotion and speculation occur- ~ouiceof information: Garside and Schilling I1979, p. red, but no oil exploration wells are known to have 133-1 34, no. 266) been drilled. Source ofinforrnation: Garside and others I1988, p. 79) Rotten Egg Spring (7) Location: sec. 2, T28N. R19E UTM 4468080N 261480E Temperature: 33 C BIBLIOGRAPHY Remarks: Water smells strongly of H,S. AMAX Goid inc., 1988. Environmental Assessment-the Wind Source of information: Garside and Schilling I1979, p. Mountain Project: AMAX Goid Inc., 1707 Cole Bivd.. Golden. 133, no. 263) Coiorado, 24 p. Bonham, H. F.. Jr.. 1969, Geology and minerai deposits of Round Hole Sprinn 181 Washoa and Storey Counties. Nevada: Nevada Bureau of Location: sic. 12, T28N. RT9E Mines and Geoiogy Bulletin 70. 140 p. UTM 4466400N 262430E Bonham, H. F.. Jr., Garside. L. J.. Jones, R. B., Papke, K. G., Temperature: warm Quede, J.. andTingley, J. V., 1985. A mineral inventory of the Remerks: also several flowing wells Paradise-Denio and Sonoma-Geriach resource areas. Source of information: Garside and Schilling I1979, p. Winnemucca district. Nevada: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Open-File Report 85-3, 218 p. 133, no. 264) Carison, H. S., 1974, Neveda piece names, a geographic dictionary: University of Nevada Press. Reno. 250 p. THE NEEDLE ROCKS Digglas, M. F., Frisken. J. G.. Piouff, D.. and Linne, J, M., 1988, Minerai resources of the Dry Valley Rim Needles No. 1 well (9) Wilderness Study Area. Washoe County, Neveda, and Lessen Location: sec. 6, T26N. R21E County. California: U.S. Geological Survey Bulietin 1706-0. UTM 4447200N 272080E 17 p. Temperature: 60°C at well head, about 118°C at Garside, L. J., 1973. Radioactive mineral occurrences in Nevada: 5,888 feet Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geoiogy Bulletin 81. 121 p. - 1979. Radioactive mineral occurrences in Neveda- Remarks: Western Geothermal well ___ . an ~podteTO kevada Bdred~of Mlnesana Geology BL et n 81 Source of information: Garside and Schilling I1979, p. Nevada B~reauof Mines and Geology Open F e Repart 79 2, 133, no. 269) 28 p. Gerside, L. J.. Hess, R. H.. Fleming, K, L.. and Weimer, Needles No. 2 well (10) B. S., 1988, Oil and gas developments in Nevada: Nevada Locafion: sec. 12, T26N. R20E Bureau of Mines and Geoiogy Bulletin 104. 136 p. UTM 4446560N 271340E Garside, L. J.. and Schilling, J. H.. 1979, Thermal waters of Temperature: 88OC (water escaping from capped well) Nevada: Nevada Bureau of Mines end Geology Bulletin 91. Remarks: Western Geothermal well 163 o. Geothermal Development Associates. 1987 Ernp re geothermal Source of information: Garside and Schilling I1979, p. prolecl San Em dla Desert Knob%" Geafnerrnal Rosodrce Ared 133, no. 269) (KGRAI Envlronmenla Assessmenr, Geotnermol Develop ment Associates, Reno, Nevada, 42 p, The Needle Rocks spring 1 (1 1) Hess, F, L., and Larsen, E. S., 1921, Contact-metamorphic Location: sec. 12, T26N. R20E tungsten deposits of the United States: U.S. Geoiogicai UTM 4446500N 271300E Survey Bulletin 725 0, p. 245-309. Temperature: 6 1 C Hill, J. M., 1915. Some mining districts in northeastern California Source of inforrnation: Garside and Schillina- I1979. D. and northwestern Nevada: U.S. Geologicai Survey Bulletin 133, no. 269) 594,200 p. Johnson. A. C.. 1958. Exploration. deveiopment, and costs of the Stormy Day tungsten mine, Pershing County, Nevada: The Needle Rocks spring 2 (12) U.S. Bureau of Mines Information Circular 7854, 9 p. Location: sec. 12, T26N. R20E Johnson, M. G.. 1977, Geology and mineraldeposits of Pershing UTM 4446700N 270900E County, Nevada: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Bulletin Temperature: 9 8 C 89, 115 p. Source of information: Garside and Schilling (1979, p. Lincoln, F. C.. 1923. Mining districts and mineral resources of 133, no. 269) Nevada: Reno. Nevada Newsletter Publishing Co,, 295 p. Nett, T. R., 1982. Uranium occurrence reports, in National The Needles Spring (13) uranium resource evaluation. Lovelock Quadrangle. Nevada and California: Department of Energy Open-File Report Location: sec. 6, T26N. R21E PGJiF-0901821 prepared by Berge Exploration. inc. (Denver, UTM 4447100N 272320E Coioradol, app. C lmicrofichel. Temperature: hot Overton, T. D., 1947, Mineral resources of Douglas, Ormsby, and Source of information: Garside and Schilling (1979, p. Washoe Counties, Nevada: Nevada Bureau of Mines and 133. no. 269) Geology Buiietin 46. p. 45-86. Papke, K. G., 1969, Industrial rock and mineral deposits in Geology and mineral deposits of Washoe and Storey Counties. OIL AND GAS OCCURRENCES Nevada: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Bulletin 70, p. 108-1 30. , 1970. Montmorillonite, bentonite, and fuller's earth Honey Lake Valley occurrence (1) deposits in Nevada: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Location: sec. 33, T27N. R19E Bulletin 76, 47 p. UTM 4450000N 255000E 1987, Gypsum deposits in Neveda: Nevsda Bureau of Production: none Mines and Geology Bulietin 103. 26 p. Rumsey, C. M., 1986, Mineral resources of the Mt. Limbo Southern Pacific Co., 1964, Minerals for industry, vol. 1 - Wilderness Study Area and vicinity, Pershing County, Nevada: northern Nevada and northwestern Utah: Land Department, U.S. Bureau of Mines Open-File Report MLA 35-86, 11 p. Southern Pacific Co., v. 1 ., 65 Market St., San Francisco, Satkoski, J. J., and Berg, A. W., 1982, Field inventory of mineral California, 188 p. resources Pyramid Lake lndian Reservation: Bureau of lndian Stager, H. K., and Tingley J. V., 1988, Tungsten deposits in Affairs, Administrative Report BIA No. 38-11, 47 p. Nevada: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology Bulletin 105, Shawe, F. R., Reeves, R. G., and Kral, V. E., 1962, lron ore 256 p. deposits of Nevada, part C, lron ore deposits of northern Trexler, D. T., Flynn, T., Koenig, B. A., Ghusn, G. Jr., 1983, [Map Nevada: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, Bulletin 53c, of] geothermal resources of Nevada: National Geophysical 125 p. Data Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra- Smith, W. C., and Guild, P. W., 1942, Tungsten deposits of the tion, 1 :500,000. Nightingale district, Pershing County, Nevada: U.S. Geological Vanderburg, W. O., 1936, Reconnaissance of mining districts Survey Bulletin 936-0, 58 p. I in Pershing County, Nevada: U.S. Bureau of Mines Information Smouse, D., 1982, Uranium occurrence reports, in National Circular 6902, 57 p. uranium resource evaluation, Lovelock Quadrangle, Nevada Whitebread, D. H., and Magill, E. A., 1977, Status of mineral and California: Department of Energy Open-File Report resource information for the Pyramid Lake lndian Reservation, PGJIF-090(82) prepared by Berge Exploration, Inc. (Denver, Nevada: Bureau of lndian Affairs, Adrninistrative Report Colorado), app. C (microfiche). BIA-38, 46 p.

APPENDIXA. - Sample Descriptions

Sample Occurrence (no.) UTM Description no.

Blue Wing Black Mountain claims (1) 2855 Quartz vein material, quartz breccia with gray sulfides in matrix; collected from placer gravels Black Mountain lode 2854 Quartz vein in metasedimentary rocks prospect (2) Bluewing prospect (3) 3219 Silicated metasedimentary rocks, brick-red hematite staining, white vein quartz Springer prospect (4) 2856 Prospect in metasedimentary rocks, no visible scheelite

Cottonwood Packard mine (7) 2912 Iron-oxide-stained calcite vein in limestone near contact with andesite intrusive 291 3 Gossan-like vein, 2 to 3 feet thick Wild Horse mine (8) 2443 Vein quartz with dark gray streaks, may be sulfides, vein fractured Quartz vein with visible arsenopyrite, pyrite; sample selected from large dump near caved lower adit Quartz vein with visible arsenopyrite, pyrite, sample chipped from quartz vein in a shear zone Quartz vein with pyrite, large vein system along a shear zone in gabbro Strong gossan in quartz vein, minor breccia, sample from north-trending vein 3 to 4 feet thick Hooker Gold prospect 1 (10) Quartz vein, sample from small prospect on NE- trending vertical shear zone

Jeakins mine (11 ) Skarn with visible molybdenite, sample from adit dump Stormy Day mine (1 8) Skarn with scheelite and molybdenite, sample selected from dump Quartz veins near contact, veins contain pyrite, molybdenite, scheelite, chalcopyrite

Juniper Range Blue Wing mine (23) 4431230N Skarn zone with quartz veins, garnet, epidote, brecciated quartz with sulfides Star mine (27) 4431 150N Quartz, calcite, and garnet with minor scheelite; chipped from contact zone in a small pit 443 1OOON Copper-stained quartz vein with bornite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite; may be gold, silver, and uranium values present Three X prospects (28) White to pink aplite dike, points of cinnamon brown limonite staining APPENDIXA. -Sample Descriptions (continued)

Sample Districtlarea Occurrence (no.) no. UTM Description

Nightingale Alpine mine (38) 2860 4433675N 308820E Quartz vein material containing galena(?) and minor scheelite, vein cuts sltarn zone Four Jacks prospect (41) 2908 4445400N 305890E Vein quartz, series of 8- to 10-inch veins cut granodiorite Sample taken from metasedimentary rocks adja- cent to granodiorite contact 2910 4445070N 305900E Partly brecciated and iron-stained quartz vein Highgrade prospect (42) 2862 4430220N 3101 OOE High-grade sample from narrow contact zone, skarn containing scheelite, copper-stained M.G.L.mine (44) 2896 4433750N 306840E Skarn, garnet with scheelite, high-grade sample selected from mine dump Skarn, garnet with scheelite, high-grade sample chipped from contact zone Mammoth prospect (46) 2859 4432500N 309785E Skarn containing garnet, calcite, quartz, scheelite, minor molybdenite and copper minerals Nightingale mine (48) 2861 4430930N 309950E Skarn containing scheelite and powellite Pegmatite prospect (49) 2907 4454000N 307500E Pegmatite with tourmaline, pyrite, and other unidentified sulfides

Red Hammer claims (51) 2858 4434360N 309910E Skarn containing garnet, epidote, scheelite, ilsemannite, calcite, molybdenite, and minor copper staining; sample from contact zone ex- posed in open pit Tungsten prospect 1 (53) 2898 4433450N 307380E Contact zone, iron-stained garnet with minor scheelite

San Emidio S.E.D. prospect (59) 2401 4478650N 297400E Brecciated outcrop of altered rhyolite; makes up spine of small ridge 2403 44761 00N 298020E Vein material, may be along contact between metasedimentary rocks on the south and Ter- tiary volcanic rocks on the north, sample taken from old adit San Emidio prospect (60) 2402 4474875N 296225E Sample showing visible cinnabar and sulfur, col- lected at northernmost group of trenches Wind Mountain mine (61) 476 4478000N 297300E Finely laminated, subaqueous sinter, grab sam- ple from outcrop 477 4478800N 297600E Siliceous, reed-bearing, subaqueous spring sinter; grab sample from outcrop

Sand Pass Terraced Hills deposit (10) 291 1 4454620N 261440E Iron-stained Tertiary sedimen.tary rocks at con- tact with volcanic flows

Staggs Twin Buttes mine (63) 2857 4484680N 329650E Quartz vein material and some replacement ore, contains pyrite, galena, arsenopyrite; sample taken from heap-leach pile and mine dump APPENDIXB.-Sample Analyses APPENDIXB.-Sample Analyses (continued)

Sample Ca Fe Au B Ba Be Bi Cd Co Cr Cu La Mn Mo Nb Ni Pb Sb Sc Sn Sr Th V W Y Zn Zr AAAu AAAs AASb AAZn Sample Disrrictlarea Occurrence (no.) Mg Ti Ag As no. (0.05) (0.05) (0.02) (0.002) (0.5) (200) (10) (10) (20) (1) (10) (20) (5) (10) (5) (20) (1 0) (5) (20) (5) (1o) (1 oo) (5) (5) (100) (1 00) (10) (50) (10) (200) ilo) (0.05) (10) (2) (5) no.

Blue Wing Black Mountain claims (I) 2855 L 0.7 0.2 0.1 5 0.7 L N 100 150 L N N N 10 100 Black Mountain lode 2854 0.15 3 0.1 0.1 5 N N 100 100 1 N N N 10 150 prospect (2)

Bluewing prospect (3) 3219 0.3 1 N N N50 20 N 7 N 200 Springer prospect (4) 2856 0.07 1 N NN15 50 N 5 N 100 Cottonwood Packard mine (7) 2912 7 L 70 N 70 20 200 N 7 N 300 2913 1.5 L N 200 5 10 20,000 700 L N 300 Wild Horse mine (8) 2443 1.5 N 15 N 70 L 70 N L N 100 2914 2 L 150 50 70 L 300 N N N 200 2915 1.5 L 15 N 100 L 300 N N N 200 2916 0.3 L N N150 L 30 N L N 100 2917 0.1 L L N 7 10 20NLN N Hooker Gold prospect 1 (10) 2923 0.1 5 1.5 N N 15 10 70 N 5 N 200 Jeakins mine (1 1) 241 1 0.2 2 N N 20 30 100 200 N N L Stormy Day mine (18) 2921 10 L N N 15 15 15NLN N 2922 7 3 N N20L 10 N L N 200 Juniper Range Blue Wing mine (23) 2865 20 N N N10L LN N30 N Star mine (27) 2863 G N N N15L 30 N L 30 150 2864 15 3 >1,000 N 30 20 : 100 N 5 20 700 Three X prospects (28) 3220 1 N N N 15 L 100 N L N 300 Nightingale Alpine mine (38) 2860 15 3 N NN10 5,000 N 5 N 1,000 Four Jacks prospect (41) 2908 0.1 5 1 700 N N 30 20NNN N 2909 0.3 1.5 N N L 10 15 N 7 N 100 2910 0.15 2 N N 570 15NNN N Highgrade prospect (42) 2862 10 1.5 NN7L 2,000 N 10 N 500 M.G.L. mine (44) 2896 15 N 30 N 5 20 N N L 15 100 2897 15 L 15 N 5 50 20 N 5 20 L Mammoth prospect (46) 2859 15 N N N 20 30 50 N 5 N 500 Nightingale mine (481 2861 >20 L 1,000 N 15 30 1,000 N 7 30 200 Pegmatite prospect (49) 2907 0.1 L 200 N 15 20 200 N N N 150 Red Hammer claims (51) 2858 20 N 30 N 20 15 200 N 10 N 500 Tungsten prospect 1 (53) 2898 7 2 N N 5 30 L N 5 N 500 San Emidio S.E.D. prospect (59) 2401 0.3 2 N NN10 50 N N N 700 2403 L 3 N NN10 NNNN L San Emidio prospect (60) 2402 0.1 5 N N NNL LN NN L Wind Mountain mine (61) 476 0.07 1.5 N NNL 100 L N N 100 477 0.07 2 N NN L 100 N N N 100 Sand Pass Terraced Hills deposit (1 0) 291 1 3 5 N N 30 50 50 N 20 N 150 Staggs Twin Buttes mine (63) 2857 1 L L 200 - - 20,000 1,000 N N 150

Spectrographic analyses (columns headed by element symbol) and atomic absorption analyses (columns headed by AA + element symbol) by the Branch of Geochemistry, U.S. Geological Survey, Denver, Colorado. Ca, Fe, Mg, and Ti values are in percent; all others are in ppm. Detection limit is under element symbol. L - less than detection limit. N - not detected. - = not tested. INDEX (mining districts, mining areas, mines, prospects, and occurrences)

AAA uranium prospect 8 Joe claims 9 Adobe Springs prospects 12 Juniper Range district 5, 18, 20 Alpine mine 8, 19, 20 Kimbo group 4 Altonella No. 78 occurrence 8 Lake Range mining area 7, 14, 16 Anderson claims 6 Lake Range montmorillonite prospect 12, 14 Big Basin prospect 7 Lakeview mine 7 Big Question uranium occurrence 8 Lidstone tunnel 9 Black Granite group 4 Limbo group 4 Black Hawk claims 13 M.G.L. mine 8, 9, 19, 20 Black Hawk prospect 13 Machine Shop tunnel 9 Black Mountain claims 2, 18, 20 Maher mine 9 Black Mountain lode prospect 2, 18, 20 Mammoth prospect 9 Black Mountain placers 2 Margrave mine 9 Blizzard Camp 7 Marvelous prospect 9 Blue Jay mine 5 May claim 9 Blue Star mine 6 Meyer mine 8 Blue Star prospect 11 Milky Way mine 5 Blue Wing mine 5, 18, 20 Mud Flat prospect 1 1, 14 Blue Wing mining area 2, 18, 20 Nash mine 3 Bluewing prospect 2, 18, 20 Needles No. 1 well 17 Boundary prospect 3 Needles No. 2 well 17 Broken Shovel claims 15 Nightingale mine 4, 10, 9, 10, 19, 20 Buckbrush Spring 16 Nightingale mining district 7, 19, 20 Buster mine 9 Old Thrasher mine 5 Butch prospect 10 Packard and Sano properties 3 Calcium carbonate deposit 1, Lake Range area 14 Packard mine 3, 18, 20 Cameron claims 9 Pegmatite prospect 10, 19, 20 Capricorn claims 1 5 Penny prospect 8 Cay-U claims 8 Pinto prospect 4 Clay deposit 1, Cottonwood district 1 3 Poncho prospect 10 Clay deposit 1, Sand Pass area 14 Powder Box adit 3 Cloudy Day mine 5 Pyramid Lake copper deposit 7 Copper occurrence 1, Juniper Range district 6 Ranson tunnel 9 Cottonwood mining district 3, 13, 18, 20 Red Hammer claims 10, 19, 20 Cowles mine 9 Red Rock zeolite occurrence 1 5 D.D.J. prospect 11 Rivermott deposit 1 5 Dart prospect 8 Rocky Springs zeolite occurrence 16 Dewdrop 62 prospect 6 Roop and Allen mine 5 Don claim 9 Rotten Egg Spring 17 Doris prospect 10 Round Hole Spring 17 Double Check deposit 15 S.E.B. prospect 1 7, 19, 20 Empire geothermal project 16 Sage Hen Spring prospect 10 Empire gypsum quarry 13 San Emidio deposit 12, 14 Fish Springs 16 San Emidio Desert 16 Four Jacks prospect 8, 19, 20 San Emidio Desert wells 16 Garnet Ridge mine 3 San Emidio mining area 1 1, 14, 19, 20 Garnet tungsten prospect 3 San Emidio prospect 1 'I, 14, 19, 20 Gold prospect I, Hooker district 4, 18, 2Q Sand Pass mining area 12, 14, 19, 20 Gold prospect 1, Lake Range area 7 Sano mine 3 Highgrade prospect 8, 19, 20 Scheelite Extension claim 9 Honey Lake Valley 16 Selenite quarry 13 Honey Lake Valley occurrence 17 Silver occurrence 1, Juniper Range district 6 Hooker mining district 4, 13, 18, 20 Silver-gold-uranium prospect 1, Hooker district 4 Hunt and Grunt mine 8 Silver-uranium occurrence 1, Hooker district 4 lron prospect 1, State Line area 13 Silver-uranium prospect 1, Hooker district 4 lron prospect 2, State Line area 13 Silver-uranium prospect 2, Hooker mining district 5 Jack Bonham Ranch well 17 Slate occurrence 1, San Emidio area 14 Jack claims 11 Smoke Creek Desert 1 5, 16 Jeakins mine 4, 18, 20 Smoke Creek Desert clay deposit 16 INDEX (continued)

Spring 1, Lake Range area 16 Two Chukkars prospect 11 Spring Ore prospect 2 Uranium Lode claims 10 Springer prospect 2, 18, 20 Uranium occurrence 1, Hooker district 5 Staggs mining area 12, 19, 20 Uranium occurrence 1, Juniper Range district 6 Star mine 5, 6, 18, 20 Uranium occurrence 2, Hooker district 5 State Line mining area 13 Uranium occurrence 2, Juniper Range district 7 Stateline Peak district 13 Uranium prospect 1, Hooker district 6 Stormy Day mine 4, 5, 18, 20 Uranium prospect 1, Nightingale district 1 1 TBM Associates prospect 12, 14 Uranium prospect 2, Hooker district 5 Terraced Hills deposit 15, 19, 20 Western Soldier prospect 9 The Needle Rocks 16, 17 Wild Bill claim 5 The Needle Rocks spring 1 17 Wild Horse Canyon mine 3 The Needle Rocks spring 2 17 Wild Horse mine 3, 18, 20 The Needles Spring 17 Willow group 4 Thrabert mine 4 Willow Springs perlite deposit 16 Three X prospects 6, 18, 20 Willow Springs zeolite occurrence 16 Tungsten prospect 1, Juniper Range district 6 Wind Mountain gold deposit 11 Tungsten prospect 1, Nightingale district 1 1, 1 9, 20 Wind Mountain mine 12, 14, 19, 20 Tungsten prospect 2, Juniper Range district 6 Windy Day mine 4 Tungsten prospect 2, Nightingale dis.trict 11 Windy Hill mine 4 Tungsten prospect 3, Juniper Range district 6 Wizzard group 9 Tungsten prospect 3, Nightingale district 11 Woffer prospect 11 Twin Buttes mine 12, 19, 20 Zenobia clay prospects 15 Two Chuckers group 11 1 20° llgO

Index of USGS 7 %' and 15' quadrangle maps within the Kurniva Peak 30' by 60' Quadrangle.