DOCSLIB.ORG

Hasby Thesis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hasby Thesis NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY IN THE AGE OF GLOBALISM by Matthew Hasby A thesis submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Government Baltimore, Maryland May 2020 ©2020 Matthew Hasby All Rights Reserved Abstract World War Two gave birth to modern globalization. Globalization has bridged the gap for countries concerning economic prosperity and international security. However, an international push for globalism has also brought a rise in nationalism. This thesis explores the concept of nationalism as it relates to sovereignty in the age of globalism. For this study, sovereignty will be explored mainly through the lens of nationalism as it relates to globalism. Sovereignty will be evaluated by three factors: border security, international organizations, and nationalism. Border security is the foundation of every sovereign nation. Secure borders give governments jurisdiction and autonomy necessary to lead. Unstable borders threaten state sovereignty as do conflict and war. For this study, Israel and its defense of national sovereignty will be explored. Israel’s primary belligerents explored in this research will be Lebanon and Palestine. The Arab-Israel conflict has allowed non-state actors and international organizations to intervein putting increased pressure on Israel’s sovereignty. These security challenges are not all that threatens Israel. Regional conflict regarding the Jewish state has captured the attention of the United Nations. The UN has unsuccessfully attempted to broker peace between the Arabs and Israel for over 70 years. However, one of the main roadblocks to the UN peace process are the UN members nationalistic agendas. Separate agendas of the countries within the UN have forced it into strategically weak positions, placing its global authority into question. As a result of global expansion, nationalism has undeniably risen within countries throughout the world. Globalization has led to increased migration, and with increased migration, there is a rise in nationalistic sentiment. Migration has put immense strain on many countries, thus directly effecting sovereignty. The United States, the European Union, and Israel are excellent measures of sovereign countries that have seen an uprising in nationalism linked to migration. There ii defining factor for the rise in nationalist sentiment is the political shift to the conservative right, that many countries can directly corollate to weak border security and high migration. This thesis concluded defining what will be necessary to control nationalism before it shifts into authoritarianism, thus threatening globalism. Thesis Readers: Dr. Dorothea Wolfson, Dr. Alexander Rosenthal iii Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................ ii List of Figures ....................................................................................................................... vi Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter I: How does border security impact sovereignty on a global stage? .......................... 10 Literature Review ....................................................................................................................... 12 Methodology ............................................................................................................................... 16 Lebanon ...................................................................................................................................... 17 The Green Line ........................................................................................................................... 19 The Security Belt ........................................................................................................................ 21 The Blue Line ............................................................................................................................. 22 The Collapse of the Security Zone .............................................................................................. 23 Lebanon War and Beyond .......................................................................................................... 24 Palestine ..................................................................................................................................... 26 The Green Line ........................................................................................................................... 27 The Six-Day War (1973 Arab-Israel War) .................................................................................. 27 Palestine Liberation Organization (West Bank) .......................................................................... 29 Israeli occupation and the Yom Kippur War .............................................................................. 30 First and Second Intifada............................................................................................................ 31 The Separation Barrier ............................................................................................................... 32 Discussion ................................................................................................................................... 33 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................. 37 Chapter II: What Impact Does the United Nations have on National Sovereignty?................. 40 Methodology ............................................................................................................................... 41 Literature Review ....................................................................................................................... 43 1947 Partition Plan ..................................................................................................................... 47 United Nations Resolution 242 .................................................................................................... 51 United Nations Voting Record .................................................................................................... 55 Discussion ................................................................................................................................... 57 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................. 61 Chapter III: Is Nationalism necessary to protect sovereignty in the age of globalism? ............ 65 Literature Review ....................................................................................................................... 66 Methodology ............................................................................................................................... 71 iv United States ............................................................................................................................... 72 European Union.......................................................................................................................... 79 Israel........................................................................................................................................... 86 Discussion ................................................................................................................................... 90 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................. 94 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................... 96 Chapter I .................................................................................................................................... 97 Chapter II ................................................................................................................................... 99 Chapter III ............................................................................................................................... 102 Further research ....................................................................................................................... 105 Bibliography ...................................................................................................................... 106 About the Author ............................................................................................................... 121 v List of Figures Figure 1: Countries involved in Territorial Conflict ..................................................................... 10 Figure 2: UN Partition Plan 1947 ................................................................................................. 26 Figure 3: Human Rights Council Condemnations for its First Decade 2006-2016. ..................... 57 Figure 4: Number of UN Security Council Resolutions Vetoes by Permanent Members 1946- 2017............................................................................................................................................... 60 Figure 5:Immigration Runs Trumps SOTU .................................................................................. 78 Figure 6:Number of Asylum Seekers and Refugees
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Bibliography
    BIBLIOGRAPHY Aguilar, Paloma and Carsten Humlebæk (2002), “Collective Memory and National Identity in the Spanish Democracy: The Legacies of Francoism and the Civil War”, in: History & Memory, Vol. 14, Nºs 1/2, pp. 121–164. Almog, Shmuel (1982), Zionism and History, Jerusalem: Magness Press [Hebrew]. Alter, Robert (1991), Necessary Angels: Tradition and Modernity in Kafka, Benjamin and Sholem, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. Altshuler, Mordehay (1987), Soviet Jewry since the Second World War: Population and Social Structure, New York et al.: Greenwood Press. Álvarez Chillida, Gonzalo (2002), El antisemitismo en España: La imagen del judío (1812–2002), Madrid: Marcial Pons. Amir, Aharon (April 9, 1996), “The Sea, the Last Sea”, in: Maariv (Hebrew). —— (2000), “Horon in the Land of the Hebrews”, in: A.G. Horon, East and West: A History of Canaan and the Land of the Hebrews, Tel-Aviv: Zmora Bitan, pp. 17–27 (Hebrew). Amir, Eyal (1997), And Me for Myself: Studies and Responses, 1944–1996, Tel-Aviv: Golan (Hebrew). Amyot, Robert and Sigelman, Lee (1996), “Jews without Judaism? Assimilation and Jewish Identity in the United States”, in: Social Science Quarterly 77, pp. 177–189. Anagnostou, Yiorgos (Winter 2003), “Model Americans, Quintessential Greeks: Ethnic Success and Assimilation in Diaspora”, in: Diaspora, Vol. 12, Nº 3, pp. 279–328. Angelusz, Róbert and Róbert Tardos (1991), “Politikai és kulturális választóvonalak a parlamenti pártok szavazótáborában”, in: Róbert Angelusz and Róbert Tar- dos Hálózatok, stílusok, struktúrák, Budapest: ELTE Szociológiai Intézet-MKI, pp. 182–208. Ansell-Pearson, Keith and Duncan Large (eds.) (2006), The Nietzsche Reader, Vol. 10, Oxford: Blackwell. Appadurai, Arjun (1990), “Disjuncture and Difference in the Global Culture Econ- omy”, in: Public Culture, Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Ur World Is Moving Much Faster Than It Did When My Mother Began Writing
    SINCE 1976 Shutterstock/ChameleonsEye JUNE 2021 | SIVAN-TAMUZ 5781 By Shani Sorko-Ram Ferguson ur world is moving much faster than longer-lasting issues and showcases what the it did when my mother began writing Maoz team is doing on the ground in Israel. the Maoz Israel Report some 45 years ago. Though the term “prayer letter” may bring OAt that time, news from Israel was virtually a certain image to mind, we get a lot of impossible to get, and so monthly updates comments on the uniqueness of our prayer were invaluable to our readers. Today the letter. Why do we cover the topics we cover? news changes not only daily but sometimes How do we come at things from such a hourly. More than once we’ve written about different angle? The simple answer is things a topic, only to have to edit it significantly look different when you’re an Israeli living just before it went to print because the reality in Israel. And while I don’t get to personally on the ground had changed. thank every person who gives and prays To resolve this, we have shifted breaking news for our work here, I can offer a gift in and prayer updates to weekly emails while the return–a window into our daily lives as monthly Maoz Israel Report—which goes out Israelis, as believers, as a family, as a ministry both in print and online—addresses deeper, team—as pioneers. By Mail: By Phone: By Email: Online: Follow: Maoz Ministries U.S. 214.677.0560 [email protected] www.maozisrael.org maozisrael1 P.O.
    [Show full text]
  • Conflict in Lebanon: on the Perpetual Threshold
    Conflict in Lebanon: On the Perpetual Threshold By Tami Amanda Jacoby, PhD Fellow of the Canadian Defence & Foreign Affairs Institute and Assistant Professor, Department of Political Studies and Research Fellow at the Centre for Defence and Security Studies University of Manitoba - Winnipeg, MB April, 2007 Prepared for the Canadian Defence & Foreign Affairs Institute 1600, 530 – 8th Avenue SW, Calgary, AB T2P 3S8 www.cdfai.org © Canadian Defence & Foreign Affairs Institute Other Publications Written For Or Assisted By: The Canadian Defence & Foreign Affairs Institute Canada in Afghanistan: Is it Working? Gordon Smith March, 2007 Effective Aid and Beyond: How Canada Can Help Poor Countries Danielle Goldfarb December, 2006 The Homeland Security Dilemma: The Imaginations of Failure and the Escalating Costs of Perfecting Security Frank Harvey June, 2006 An Opaque Window: An Overview of Some Commitments Made by the Government of Canada Regarding the Department of National Defence and the Canadian Forces; 1 January 2000 – 31 December 2004 David J. Bercuson, Aaron P. Plamondon and Ray Szeto May, 2006 The Strategic Capability Investment Plan: Origins, Evolution and Future Prospects Elinor Sloan March, 2006 Confusing the Innocent with Numbers and Categories: The International Policy Statement and the Concentration of Development Assistance Denis Stairs December, 2005 In the Canadian Interest? Assessing Canada’s International Policy Statement David J. Bercuson, Derek Burney, James Fergusson, Michel Fortmann/Frédéric Mérand, J.L. Granatstein, George Haynal, Sharon Hobson, Rob Huebert, Eric Lerhe, George Macdonald, Reid Morden, Kim Richard Nossal, Jean- Sébastien Rioux, Gordon Smith, Denis Stairs October, 2005 The Special Commission on the Restructuring of the Reserves, 1995: Ten Years Later J.L.
    [Show full text]
  • The Israeli Experience in Lebanon, 1982-1985
    THE ISRAELI EXPERIENCE IN LEBANON, 1982-1985 Major George C. Solley Marine Corps Command and Staff College Marine Corps Development and Education Command Quantico, Virginia 10 May 1987 ABSTRACT Author: Solley, George C., Major, USMC Title: Israel's Lebanon War, 1982-1985 Date: 16 February 1987 On 6 June 1982, the armed forces of Israel invaded Lebanon in a campaign which, although initially perceived as limited in purpose, scope, and duration, would become the longest and most controversial military action in Israel's history. Operation Peace for Galilee was launched to meet five national strategy goals: (1) eliminate the PLO threat to Israel's northern border; (2) destroy the PLO infrastructure in Lebanon; (3) remove Syrian military presence in the Bekaa Valley and reduce its influence in Lebanon; (4) create a stable Lebanese government; and (5) therefore strengthen Israel's position in the West Bank. This study examines Israel's experience in Lebanon from the growth of a significant PLO threat during the 1970's to the present, concentrating on the events from the initial Israeli invasion in June 1982 to the completion of the withdrawal in June 1985. In doing so, the study pays particular attention to three aspects of the war: military operations, strategic goals, and overall results. The examination of the Lebanon War lends itself to division into three parts. Part One recounts the background necessary for an understanding of the war's context -- the growth of PLO power in Lebanon, the internal power struggle in Lebanon during the long and continuing civil war, and Israeli involvement in Lebanon prior to 1982.
    [Show full text]
  • Language Diversity in Israel & Palestine Human Footprint
    The reason for Israel’s language diversity is LANGUAGE DIVERSITY IN the presence of different ethnic and religious groups in this one country. Jews are 75% of ISRAEL & PALESTINE Israel’s population, while Arabs are 20.7%, CULTURAL PROBLEMS and other groups are 4.3%. Because Jews are the majority, the main language is Hebrew. AROUND THE EARTH The country’s second official language is Arabic, mainly used by the Arab community in This pamphlet will explore global Israel. English is one of the main “universal sources of tension such as languages” and is used as a second language. About 15% of the population speaks Russian, language diversity in Israel and Israel is a Middle Eastern Country that spoken by immigrants from the Soviet Union. Palestine, the human footprint lies on the Mediterranean coast and has a One reason for the green color in the West level in Japan, and the number of population of about 8.38 million. Palestine has Bank and the Gaza Strip is the “1969 a population of about 4.22 million and includes women in parliament in Rwanda. Borders.” After the Israeli occupation and the the West Bank and the Gaza Strip on the 6-day war between the Arabs and the Israelis eastern Mediterranean coast. It is in the heart in 1967, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip of the Holy Land surrounded by Israel, Jordan, remained as Palestine and the home of the Egypt, Syria, and Lebanon. Arabs. HUMAN FOOTPRINT OF JAPAN According to the map, Israel is more linguistically diverse than most of its surrounding countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Israeli Violations of Human Rights of Lebanese Civilians
    בצלם • •י • B'TSELEM The Israeli Information Center ior Human Rights in the Occupicd Territories Israeli Violations of Human Rights of Lebanese Civilians 1 lerusalem. January 2000 1 בצלם • • י • B'TSELEM The Israeli Information Center for Human Rights in the Occupied Territories Israeli Violations of Human Rights of Lebanese Civilians Jerusalem, January 2000 • • ב»• •צלם • • י• • [.מרכז המידע הישראלי לזכויות האד• בשטחים [ע ר רחוב עמק רפאים 43 (קומה שניה), ירושלים 93141 טלפון: 02-5617271, פקס: 02-5610756 The Israeli Information Center for ־ B'TSELEM Human Rights in the Occupied Territories 43 Emek Refaim St. (Sccond Floor), lerusalem Tel. 02-5617271, Fax. 02-5610756 \r\i\ ^jiii (^liii 3eU=J1) .ir ^u, % v\vm־u •x-o^ \־VO.\\־t-O. e-mail: mail @btselem.org httpvAvww.btselem.org דו״ח בצלם מסי 19 ISSN 0793-520X Researched and written by Yehezkel Lein Edited by Yael Stein Data coordination by Noga Kadman B'Tselem thanks the following persons and organizations for their assistance in preparing this report and supplying much of the information: Attorney Tamar Peleg-Sryk, HaMoked: Center for the Defence of the Individual Attorneys Dan Yakir and Leila Margalit, The Association for Civil Rights in Israel Attorney Zvi Rish Eitan Barak, Department of Political Science, Tel-Aviv University Stephanie Kourie, Mattin Group Human Rights Watch Amnesty International Heidi Altman and Hoda Haj-Yehi'a, B'Tselem volunteers B'Tselem Board of Directors and Staff Chair, Board of Directors: Edy Kaufman Board: Ariyeh Arnon, Juliette Abu-Iyun, Meron Benvenisti, Anat Biletzki, Henriette Dahan-Kalev, Zvia Greenfield, Menachem Hofnung, Orit Kamir, Amnon Kapeliuk, Nadera Kevorkian, Menachem Klein, Victor Lederfarb, Avishai Margalit, Ayelet Ophir, Michal Rafaeli, Leon Shelef, Gila Svirsky Executive Director: Eitan Felner Staff: Najib Abu-Rokaya, Baha 'Alyan, Nisreen 'Alyan, Na'ama Carmi, Suha Di'ab, Shirly Eran, Trorner Feffer, Iris Giller, Tirtsa Harif, Noga Kadman, Heather Lang, Yehezkel Lein, Noam Lubell, Raslan Mahagna, Jessica Montell.
    [Show full text]
  • BRIT XI Mobile Borders | Abstracts. Friday 9 September, Grenoble
    BRIT XI Mobile borders | Abstracts. Friday 9 September, Grenoble Session 38. Historical variations of mobile borders / Variations historiques des frontières mobiles (2) Adoram SCHNEIDLEDER, EHESS-CRFJ: Lebanese in the Galilee: Stabilizing the mobile Israel- Lebanon Border. Negotiated and defined in the 1920’s the colonial border between the French Mandate in Lebanon and the British Mandate in Palestine was to become the border between the future states of Lebanon and Israel. The creation of the State of Israel at the expense of Palestinian national aspirations however has laid the foundations for a diversified relation to this border amongst inhabitants of the Galilee today depending notably on their belonging to the indigenous Arab population or the immigrant Jewish population. The bending northwards of this border during the last twenty-five years of the 20th century (Israeli invasions, the “Good Fence” policy, and the establishment of the Security Zone in Southern Lebanon) which ended in the unilateral Israeli withdrawal of May 2000 was accompanied by a rapprochement of two regions (Upper Galilee and Jabal Amil of Southern Lebanon) which had previously undergone nearly 30 years of separation (1948-1976). This article proposes to explore dynamics in the stabilization and interiorisation of this border among inhabitants of the Galilee through the study of border-crossing practices of Lebanese currently residing in the Galilee. We will be considering two groups of Lebanese migrants, who arrived under two different structural circumstances and settled respectively on opposite sides of the Arab/Jewish spatial divide that runs through the Galilee. The first group is composed of Lebanese migrant workers who crossed the border during the Israeli occupation of Southern Lebanon and the “Good Fence” policy (from the late 1970’s until 2000).
    [Show full text]
  • Judah David Eisenstein and the First Hebrew Encyclopedia
    1 Abstract When an American Jew Produced: Judah David Eisenstein and the First Hebrew Encyclopedia Between 1907 and 1913, Judah David Eisenstein (1854–1956), an amateur scholar and entrepreneurial immigrant to New York City, produced the first modern Hebrew encyclopedia, Ozar Yisrael. The Ozar was in part a traditionalist response to Otsar Hayahdut: Hoveret l’dugma, a sample volume of an encyclopedia created by Asher Ginzberg (Ahad Ha’am)’s circle of cultural nationalists. However, Eisenstein was keen for his encyclopedia to have a veneer of objective and academic respectability. To achieve this, he assembled a global cohort of contributors who transcended religious and ideological boundaries, even as he retained firm editorial control. Through the story of the Ozar Yisrael, this dissertation highlights the role of America as an exporter of Jewish culture, raises questions about the borders between Haskalah and cultural nationalism, and reveals variety among Orthodox thinkers active in Jewish culture in America at the turn of the twentieth century. When an American Jew Produced: Judah David Eisenstein and the First Hebrew Encyclopedia by Asher C. Oser Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Jewish History Bernard Revel Graduate School Yeshiva University August 2020 ii Copyright © 2020 by Asher C. Oser iii The Committee for this doctoral dissertation consists of Prof. Jeffrey S. Gurock, PhD, Chairperson, Yeshiva University Prof. Joshua Karlip, PhD, Yeshiva University Prof. David Berger, PhD, Yeshiva University iv Acknowledgments This is a ledger marking debts owed and not a place to discharge them. Some debts are impossible to repay, and most are the result of earlier debts, making it difficult to know where to begin.
    [Show full text]
  • Report from Argentina to Be Submitted to the International Task Force for Holocaust Education, Remembrance and Research (Itf) December 2010
    REPORT FROM ARGENTINA TO BE SUBMITTED TO THE INTERNATIONAL TASK FORCE FOR HOLOCAUST EDUCATION, REMEMBRANCE AND RESEARCH (ITF) DECEMBER 2010 Introduction 1. The promotion and protection of Human Rights is an integral part of the Argentine Human Rights policies, and it has been set out as a priority for the current national government. Consequently, and based on the conviction that Holocaust Remembrance is closely related to the need of guaranteeing memory, truth and justice in all cases of truth and human rights, Argentina carries out its commitment, undertook in 2000 by signing the Stockholm Declaration. In this sense, Argentina is implementing activities related with Holocaust education, remembrance and research through three ministries and diverse non- governmental organizations (NGO) that form the Consultant Standing Committee or Local Chapter of the ITF. This group works as a forum for discussion and exchange of information and activities in order to promote ITF goals. 2. The pro-tempore chairmanship of this Consultant Standing Committee1 is organized by means of a rotational system involving different public agencies. During 2010, the coordination of the group is exercised by the Secretariat of Human Rights of the Ministry of Justice, Security and Human Rights. In that role, the Secretariat convenes monthly meetings in order to organize local activities related to its incumbent mandate. Attending the meetings are representatives of the Secretariat of Human Rights, representatives of the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Foreign
    [Show full text]
  • Resumen the Character of Jewish Transnationalism
    CHANGES IN THE TRANSNATIONAL RELATIONSHIP OF THE WORLD ZIONIST ORGANIZATION AND LATIN AMERICAN JEWRY: INFORMAL EDUCAtion, 1968–2006 SILVIA SCHENKOLEWSKI-KROLL Resumen Los cambios ocurridos se refieren al transnacionalismo ideológico del Movimiento Sionista aplicado a las relaciones de su órgano ejecutivo, el Departamento de Juventud de la Organización Sionista Mundial (OSM) y sus variantes organizacionales durante el período determinado, con la juventud judía en América Latina, respecto a los movimientos juveniles sionistas pioneros, grupos y asociaciones no sionistas. A ello se anticipa la descripción del tipo de relaciones que precedieron a la Guerra de los Seis Días. Se trata de una evolución desde la consideración de la inmigración a Israel (aliá) como el objetivo principal y casi exclusivo de la educación no formal, hasta la visión de la educación judía como una meta en sí misma, de la cual forman parte integral el sionismo y el Estado de Israel. Este complejo se presenta en el marco de la historia de Israel y los acontecimientos en Latinoamérica y su repercusión en la juventud judía. Las principales fuentes primarias son los protocolos y las resoluciones de los Congresos Sionistas, el Comité de Acción y el Ejecutivo de la OSM. The character of Jewish transnationalism Despite the wide range of attributes of transnationalism, it focuses primarily on issues resulting from the migration of members of one nation 466 Silvia Schenkolewski-Kroll or a certain ethnic group from one country to another. Among these are: how the cultural heritage, and at times also the professional background, they bring with them from their home country influences the manner in which they successfully—or unsuccessfully—take root in their new home; how local groups and bodies influence this process; and the ties to their former homeland, whether they be blood relations, economic aid, or any other real or virtual connection.
    [Show full text]
  • Iranian-Israeli Relations in Light of the Iranian Revolution
    The Thesis committee for Behrang Vameghi Vessali Certifies that this is the approved version of the following thesis: Iranian-Israeli Relations In Light of the Iranian Revolution APPROVED BY SUPERVISING COMMITTEE: Supervisor: ________________________________________ Kamran Aghaie __________________________________________ Ami Pedahzur Iranian-Israeli Relations In Light of the Iranian Revolution by Behrang Vameghi Vessali, B.A. Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts The University of Texas at Austin December 2010 Iranian-Israeli Relations In Light of the Iranian Revolution By Behrang Vameghi Vessali, M.A. The University of Texas at Austin, 2010 Supervisor: Kamran Aghaie Prior to the Iranian Revolution of 1979, Iran and Israel were allies who cooperated extensively with one another to promote Western secular Capitalist values in the Middle East while countering Soviet influence and the proliferation of Communism in the greater Middle East. The connection between Israel and Iran ran deeper than geopolitics; it reached back into the depths of Jewish and Persian history. But the overthrow of the pro-Western Iranian king, Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, and Ayatollah Khomeini‟s rise to power led to a sudden, dramatic reversal of the Iran‟s decades-long policy of full cooperation and accommodation of Western interests. Subsequently, Israeli ties were officially severed and the Islamic Republic designated Israel and Zionism as the greatest threat to Iran and the whole of the Islamic world. After the hostage crisis and the ensuing severance of relations with the United States, a politically unstable Iran was invaded by Iraq.
    [Show full text]
  • Cif Israel Presents Peace Project : Past - Present- Future
    CIF ISRAEL CIF ISRAEL PRESENTS PEACE PROJECT : PAST - PRESENT- FUTURE CIF Italy Peace conference Edna Bar-On, CIF Israel President August 2018 The demographics of Israel: Population - 8,855,000 (2018)* Jews (75%), Arabs (20%), others (5%) Main sub-groups: Jews (around 75% ) and Arabs (around 21%) * only includes officially held territories Jewish Muslim Christian Other Israeli Jews: • Israeli-born mostly second or third-generation • Descended from European Jews (50%) and from Arabic countries (50%) • • Coming from Europe and the Americas, Asia and Africa: Ethiopia and India • Religious observance - A wide spectrum: Ultra-orthodox religious to a secular lifestyle Ultra Orthodox religious community Secular Jerusalem Lifestyle Tel Aviv Jewish population in Israel: . Ashkenazi Jews and Sephardic Jews . Other groups Amazon.com Not Jewish population (25%) among them: Arab Muslims, Bedouin, Ahmadiyya, Arab Christians, Copts, Druze; Syriac Christians (ethnic groups) such as: Assyrians, Samaritans, Armenians, Circassians (Muslim Russians); People from post-Soviet states, Finns, Baha’is, Vietnamese. Druze home Israeli citizens foreign workers (very few mainly by marriage) from Philippines, Nepal, Nigeria, Senegal, Romania, China, Thailand, South America. Non-citizens (residents or with limited permit): African migrants (refugees, boarder violators) like Eritrea, Sudan; Chinese, Thai, Filipinos, Romanians. Refugees: Bosnia, Kosovo, Iraqi & Turkey Kurdistan, North Korea. Assyrian women in traditional clothing About the Palestinian Israeli conflict: 1920s: Intercommunal violence between Palestinian Jews and Arabs intensified during British Palestine Mandate by Jewish immigration. 1947: Civil war derived from the Israel state UN declaration, consequent intervention of Arab armies on behalf of the Palestinian Arabs. Todays Key issues: mutual recognition, borders & security, water rights, control of Jerusalem, Israeli settlements, Palestinian freedom of movement, right of return.
    [Show full text]