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The Law School Record The University of Chicago Law School Volume 34, Fall 1988

Editor ARTICLES Jill M. Fosse

...... Dean's ...... •. � .. '.' 2 Assistant Dean for Alumni Relations Page. Holly C. Davis

...... West African Journal ...... 5 David P. Currie

Four Faces of Liberal Legal Thought 11 Mary E. Becker

Law and Literature 18 Richard A. Posner

Review of R.H. Coase: The Firm, The Market and the Law 22 William M. Landes

Cover The Fund for the Law School 25 Coat of arms of the Oba (tribal king) of Lagos, Nigeria. Picture taken by David Currie. Alumni Honor Blum and Kimball 56

DEPARTMENTS

Memoranda 58

Alumni Notes 70 Illustrations David Rosenzweig, pages 5, 8, 12, 13, 14, 16. Page 18, courtesy of The Newberry Library, Chicago. Richard Kimmel, page 62. The Law School Record is published twice a year, in spring and fall, for graduates, Photo credits students, and friends of the University of Joe Scroppo, 'pages 4,56. David Chicago Law School, 1111 East 60th Currie, pages 7, 9. Kevin Umeh, Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637. Copy­ © 1988 The of Chi­ page 10. Houston Rogers, page 19, right by University Law School. by courtesy of the Board of Trustees cago of the Theatre Museum, London. Changes of address should be sent to the Office of Alumni Relations at the David Joel, page 23. Michael Law School. Telephone (312) 702-9628. Weinstein, page 25. David Fosse, Copies of The Law School Record are avail­ 63 70 pages 46, (bottom), (right). able from William S. Hein & Co., Inc., Susan Carol 57. Weiss, page Holly 1285 Main Street, Buffalo, New York 58 Richard Davis, page (bottom). 14209, to whom inquiries should be Evans, page 60. Keith Swinden, addressed. Current issues are also avail­ pages 61, 63 (top). Joe Barabe, able on subscription from William S. Hein & page 72. Co.

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 1 Dean's Pagg_ Teaching

of Law to make them at University Chicago least literate in as Legal Aid Clinic, we try to introduce School has been a as always many fields possible, for such liter­ our students to some of realities of law haven for scholars. This is if The great acy essential they are to function we make no practice. Though pretense is as true as ever. as within the today Indeed, intelligently profession and of preparing our students to engage in every recent study confirms, the Uni­ if they are to recognize subtle but often full-scale representation of clients of law is a serious before it is too versity Chicago faculty by problems late to upon graduation, we do hope to lay a wide margin the most scholarly law do anything constructive about them. foundation for the education in these in the nation. I faculty want to empha­ Third, we strive to teach our stu­ sorts of skills that should continue size, however, that the Law School dents to "think like is, lawyers." This throughout their professional careers. at an its core, educational as well as a rather notion a mysterious consists of These, then, are our goals. They are institution. scholarly Our mission is to complex mix of rigorous objectivity, ambitious. To attain these goals educate future lawyers, government precise articulation, sound judgment, demands a serious effort by students officials, investment to bankers, judges, sensitivity precedent, insight, intui­ and faculty alike. As I noted at the out­ real estate scholars, developers, and tion, imagination, and a host of other set, the University of Chicago Law the like. To meet our as subtle and not so subtle responsibilities attributes. School has been blessed with a long we have several teachers, goals. However difficult it may be to define line of distinguished scholars. We have we to make our students a First, try "thinking like lawyer," you know it also had more than our fair share of comfortable with Most when see it uncertainty. you and, perhaps even exciting, challenging, and even bril­ students enter law school with little more important, you know it when liant teachers. with But don't. experience uncertainty. you Over the last decade, with a is all that a uncertainty lawyer, or at Fourth, we seek to steep our stu­ heightened commitment to offer the least a ever good lawyer, confronts­ dents in the culture of the law. To be an strongest educational experience possi­ there are uncertain uncertain effective and facts, thoughtful lawyer, one ble, we have paid special attention to uncertain uncer­ must understand the precedents, jurors, forces and ideas the teaching component of our mis­ tain and uncertain law. the judges By that influence legal thought, judg­ sion. We have attempted to improve time our students leave the Law and culture. This at our ment, includes teaching in two ways. should be as com­ a School, uncertainty least passing familiarity with such First, we have reduced the size of fortable to them as air. There are no as disciplines economics, legal history, our classes. Experience teaches that, all answers because there are no answers. else jurisprudence, accounting, political being equal, smaller classes pro­ Second, we try to provide our stu­ theory, statistics and the like. mote interaction, stimulate participa­ dents with a broad knowledge of the Finally, we try to introduce our stu­ tion, heighten intensity, and enhance and doc­ dents to the more technical general concepts, principles skills they the educational experience. I am trines that make the law across a up eventually must possess as members of pleased to report that this year, for the of wide-range subjects-contracts, evi­ the profession. Lawyers must know first time in the Law School's history, how to dence, corporations, taxation, labor, write. Through the Bigelow every first-year course, and virtually commercial the Moot law, securities, insurance, Program, Court Program, every large upper-division course, will constitutional bankruptcy, law,' torts, the student-edited journals, and a be taught in two or more sections. property, jurisdiction, family law, newly-instituted writing requirement Second, we have strengthened our copyrights, procedure, administrative for second and third-year students, we teaching through the appointments decedents' law, estates, banking, etc. try to inculcate in our students a con­ process. All entry-level candidates for The list is Of we do cern staggering. course, for clarity, precision, organiza­ appointment must present a sixty-five not to make our aspire students expert tion, and style .. Moreover, through our minute seminar to the entire faculty, in each of these areas. But we do hope trial practice courses and the Mandel during which the faculty subjects the

2 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD candidate to a rigorous cross-fire of School. This requirement has stood us 100 percent as satisfactory. Similarly, questioning. This ordeal is an excellent in good stead, for we have frequently in a recent survey of the entire student crucible in which to test one's teaching declined to hire Visiting Professors, body conducted by the Law Students potential. Over the last decade, we qualified in terms of scholarship, who Association, 81 percent of the students have consistently refused to appoint have proved to be disappointing teach­ rated the overall quality of instruction any entry-level candidate, no matter ers at the Law School. at the Law School as excellent or good how talented otherwise, who failed to The net effect of all this is that we and 97 percent as satisfactoy. I doubt demonstrate a genuine aptitude for now have perhaps the, finest teaching many other law schools can match teaching. We also hire faculty laterally, faculty in the nation. This is not mere those evaluations. We are proud of that is, from other law schools. As part puffery. In course evaluations of these achievements, for they have main­ of this process, we now insist that any courses taught by regular members of tained and perhaps even strengthened prospective lateral appointment spend the faculty in the last two years, the the Law School's long-standing leader­ at least a quarter, and preferably a full students have rated 90 percent of the ship role in the field of legal education. year, as a Visiting Professor at the Law courses as either excellent or good and

If you have any id�as or s�ggesiibn� tS: ��one make about the Law School's curricu­ �;-;;�ven, Jr. Professor of Law lum, please It(t us knpw.> Dean of the Law School

LAW SCHOOL COURSES AND SEMINARS 1988-89

First Year Commercial Law: Commercial Paper Federal Jurisdiction (Bator) and the Sale of Goods (Baird) Federal Regulation of Securities Civil Procedure (Bator, Resnik, Commercial Law: Secured (Easterbrook, Rosenfield) * Stone, Wood) Transactions (Baird) Feminist Legal Theory (West) Contracts (Baird, Becker, West) Conflict of Laws (Kramer) Insurance Law (Kimball) * Criminal Law (Alschuler, Morris, Constitutional Law I: Judicial review, International Law (Gottlieb) Schulhofer) Federalism and Separation of International Taxation (Isenbergh) Elements of the Law (Strauss, Powers (Casper, McConnell) International Trade Regulation Sunstein) Constitutional Law II: First (Wood) * Legal Research & Writing (Bigelow Amendment (Strauss) Jurisprudence (Posner) Fellows) Constitutional Law III: Equal Labor Law (Horowitz) Property (Currie, Helmholz) Protection and Substantive Due Land Development (Shaviro) Torts (Epstein, Sykes) Process (Sunstein) Lawyer as Negotiator (Gottlieb) in Plus one elective from second- and Copyright, Trademarks & Unfair Legal Developments Germany third-year courses and seminars, Competition (Landes) since 1900 (Norr) marked with an asterisk below. Corporate Income Taxation Legal Profession (Curtis, Miller) * (Isenbergh) Legislative Process (Casper) Second and Third Year Corporate Readjustments and Litigation Methods (Palm & Clinic) Reorganizations (Blum) Mining Law (Helmholz) Courses Corporation Law (Isenbergh, Miller) Modern Welfare State in a Criminal Procedure I: Investigation Comparative Perspective Accounting (Weil) (Alschuler, Schulhofer) (Mattsson) Administrative Law (Bator, Strauss) Criminal Procedure II: Adjudication Pension and Employee Benefit Law Admiralty (Lucas) (AIschuler) (Langbein) Advanced Civil Procedure: Appellate Development of Legal Institutions Regulated Industries (McConnell) Procedure (Lucas) (Langbein) * Religion and the First Amendment Advanced Corporations (Fischel & Economic Analysis of Law (Landes) * (McConnell) Schipper) Employment Discrimination Remedies 0ones) American Constitutional History (Holzhauer) State and Local Taxation (Lucas) (Casper) Environmental Law (Sunstein) Statistics and the Law (Meier) American Law & the Rhetoric of Estate Planning (Kanter) Taxation of Individual Income Race (Hutchinson) * Evidence (Kramer, Shaviro) (Blum, Shaviro) Antitrust Law (Wood) Family Law (Becker) Trusts and Estates: Family Wealth Business Planning (Hess & Sheffield) Federal Criminal Law (Morris) Transmission (Langbein)

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 3 Seminars Criminal Justice System (Morris) Partnership Taxation (Shaviro) Current Controversies in Corporate Patents and Trade Secrets (Friedman, Advanced Antitrust: Special Topics in & Securities Law (Herzel) Landes & Posner) and Mergers Acquisitions Economic and Legal Organization Price Theory (Friedman) (Rosenfield) Workshop (G. Becker, Landes, Problem ofJudgment: Aspirations for Advanced Civil Procedure: Complex Pashigian, Peltzman & Stigler) Judges and Jurors (Resnik) Litigation 0entes) Federal Income Taxation of Mergers Problems of International Law: The American Constitutional History: and Acquisitions (Thompson) Arab-Israel Conflict (Gottlieb) Division of Powers: Federalism and Feminist Theory (Becker) Protectionism in U. S. Trade Policy Checks and Balances (Kurland) History of Bankruptcy (Baird) (Sykes) American Constitutional History: History of the Canon Law Real Estate Transactions (Banoff) Individual Rights (Kurland) (Helmholz) Regulation: What Works and What American * Constitutional History: Introduction to Tax Policy Doesn't (Sunstein) Government Republican (Kurland) (Isenbergh) Research in English Legal History Blackstone's Commentaries (jones) Judicial Process (Easterbrook) (Langbein) Politics and Comparative Law, Juvenile Justice� (Rosenheim & Section 1983 Civil Rights Litigation Ethnic Policy: Group Relations Schulhofer) (Palm) (Horowitz) Labor Negotiation and Arbitration Selected Problems in Health Law Constitution of * West Germany (Holzhauer) (Epstein) (Currie) Law concerning American Indians Structuring Venture Capital and Constitutional Decisionmaking (Lucas) Entrepreneurial Transactions (Stone) Law and Economics Workshop (Levin) Constitutional Issues of the Civil War (Fischel & Landes) Supreme Court (Strauss) Period (Kramer) Law and Literature (West) Theory of Procedure (Wood) Contemporary Legal Theory Legal Problems of the Mentally III Trial & * Advocacy (Howlett Wolfson) (AIschuler) (Heyrman & Morris) Trial in American Life (Ferguson) Coordination of Federal Regulatory Major Civil Litigation (Holderman) Voting Rights and the Law of Policies (Casper & Karl) Making of the Constitution (Holmes) Elections (McConnell) Women and the Law (Becker)

John H. Langbein Cass Sunstein Norval Morris

4 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD West African Journal

David P. Currie

Tuesday, Sept. 15. The air­ It will do little good to describe the port is cramped and steamy. relevant provisions of the document Lagos,Crowds of people are milling, itself; most of them are duplicated queuing, waiting interminably at .the in the Nigerian Constitution that innumerable bureaucratic checkpomts failed. Why does it work in the United -passport control, baggage pickup, States? I have a day and a half to figure customs currency control, currency that out. exchang�. The Embassy provides" air­ Wednesday, Sept. 16. The Vehicle port expediters" who husband you picked me up at 0900 hours, as it says in through; they are indispensable. . the itinerary, for "Briefings at USIS They call the Vehicle by walkie­ with ACAO/P, CAO, DPAO, and talkie and it comes: a big Chevrolet, CPAo." USIS is my sponsor, the van �hose windows don't open. Like United States Information Service. many Embassy vehicles, it's armo�ed. CAO is the Cultural Affairs Officer, In addition to their more ObVIOUS PAO the Public Affairs Officer; "N advantages, armored cars hold up bet­ means Assistant, "D" Deputy. I myself ter in collisions; notwithstanding a am an AmPart-an American Partici­ high infant mortality rampant r�te an� pant, a professor brought in to talk to tropical diseases, traffic a�Clde�ts �re Nigerians about the United States. the leading cause of death III N Ige�Ia. Nigeria is larger than Texas and How am I to talk about freedom III a thought to have somewhere country run by soldiers? Not to worry, in. �he neighborhood of a hundred million they tell me; everyone is for free­ �ere people. Nobody knows exactly dom. General Babangida has prom­ ho.w many, because the last census was m ised a return to civilian rule in 1992, 1963 and widely believed fraudulent; and think he means it. The people both there is representation (when i.s burning question why dem?crac!, and the allocation of federal 011 did not work here the first two umes It any) revenues (which have slumped badly) was tried. David P Currie is N J1Yatt Profes­ depend on population. Harry This, I suppose, is where I come in. sor Law. In 1987, he trav­ There are three major tribal cul­ of September, Day after tomorrow is the hun­ �wo. tures eled to and Liberia on behalf of the in Nigeria: Hausa, Ibo, and Nigeria dredth anniversary of the sIgmng of United States to Yoruba. Most numerous and most tra­ Information Agenry speak our Constitution. I'm to talk about on the theme what makes a constitu­ ditional are the Hausa, who live in the oj free "The Role of the Supreme Court in tion work. This article is an the north and have practiced Islam ever excerpt oj Strengthening Individual Liberties." journal he kept to record his impressions of since Arab traders first crossed the the two countries. Sahara a thousand years ago. The

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 5 make it into a snowball; you pull off pieces and dip them in your soup. The Nigerian Council of Women's Societies was meeting in Lagos, and Claudia was to present them with a nicely bound copy of our Constitution. Would I like to go along? Yes indeed. Would I like to make the presentation? I sure would. My wife, I said, has been fighting for women's rights in the Illi­ nois legislature. Things are getting better; the Equal Rights Amendment is just a matter of time. These women are part of the answer, aren't they?­ organized, concerned citizens working for human rights.

Saturday, Sept. 19. "Free day," says the itinerary. I had breakfast with the Deputy Chief of Mission and went off with Claudia to see Lagos. The Iraqi tanker sits in a field of water hyacinths that choke the harbor. David Currie (center) with ChiefJustice Bello and U.S. Ambassador to Nigeria, The banana-shaped dugouts of the Princeton Lyman fisher-folk pass under the concrete expressway. Along the marshy shore are clusters of corrugated shacks­ from Benin and eth­ and squatters beyond, Hausa controlled the central govern­ actually defended our freedoms, nic relations from beyond the border. ment from independence in 1960 until finished up-you guessed it-with The worst of it, says Claudia, is that for General Ironsi's 1966 revolt. A coun­ Learned Hand's warning that even this rent. The won't unless lib­ they pay public housing tercoup prompted secession of the Ibo judicial review help structures across the bridge are unfin­ southeast (you remember Biafra) and erty lives in the hearts of the people. the them without us back to ished; coup caught a nasty civil war. General Gowon engi­ This brought Nigeria's their windows. instill neces­ neered a remarkable reconciliation, question: How do you the We stop in to see the King. Nigeria and Murtala Mohammed gave the sary respect for the Constitution? is a republic when the Constitution is federation a new Constitution. Gen­ Friday, Sept. 18. There was only one in force, but it has traditional chiefs. eral Buhari overthrew the Shagari gov­ event scheduled for today, a panel dis­ Claudia knows the Oba of Lagos; ernment after widespread charges of cussion at USIS on "Individual Rights Claudia knows everybody. The palace corruption and election fraud in 1984. vs. Community Rights." Many peo­ has seen better days; the Oba's posi­ Next week a Constitutional Review ple in this part of the world, I was told, tion is ceremonial and his subsidy Committee meets to consider constitu­ the individual think we overemphasize meager. There are stories of chiefs tional amendments; my visit is timely. to the detriment of the community. meddling in politics; their role in the Thursday, Sept. 17. This was the big Given ten minutes, I take twenty; so next Republic is disputed. day. After going with Ambassador do the others. We favor the individual A few blocks from the traditional Lyman to help present a collection of so much, I said, that we usually speak Jankara Market is a shiny bank that books about the Constitution to Chief of community interests rather than would be at home in Chicago. Nearby, we even had trou­ Justice Bello at the Supreme Court, I community rights; in a hundred year-old mansion with laws. we've was taken to the Nigerian Institute of ble with seat-belt However, tile mosaics and iron grillwork, lives Advanced Legal Studies at the Univer­ come a long way; even we tax the indi­ Claudia's friend Angelica, whose his from starv­ sity of Lagos for my principal lecture. vidual to keep neighbor great-grandfather bought his freedom I began by emphasizing that the Bill ing. Nobody put up the anticipated in Brazil and returned to settle on a a individualistic of Rights was not the only part of the fight; Nigeria is pretty tract of land granted by Queen Victo­ Constitution that protected individual place. ria. Soares and Da Concha are notable took me to the museum. liberty; structural principles like de­ Claudia names in Nigeria; the Brazilians is the Claudia mocracy, federalism, separation of Claudia CAO, Anyaso. have maintained their identity and knows and powers, and checks and balances also Claudia everything every­ prospered. served that important function. I body. We admired the ancient brass Claudia's friend doesn't think she'll invoked John Marshall's insight that and terra cotta figures, bargained over vote, prefers to work through organi­ dined constitutional limitations are worthless thorn carvings in the craft shop, zations such as the Red Cross. The without judges to enforce them, gave a on suya and pounded yams. No, politicians have not created a sense of few examples of how the courts had they're not like our sweet potatoes. They take a potato-like dough and

6 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD confidence. Self-government requires My goodness, that was a hill) and them certain advantages over the practice, doesn't it? As Thurgood downtown is downright rolling, with indigenous population. It seems gener­ Marshall keeps reminding us, the breathtaking views of the sea; it looks ally agreed that there was more true Constitution we're celebrating permit­ like the Caribbean. The best pano­ corruption than true democracy under ted slavery. If you don't vote, the paper rama is from the once and future lux­ the True Whigs, but one doesn't hear said, you can't complain. But civic ser­ ury hotel atop the tallest rise, in sad much talk of improvement under their vice is part of the answer too, isn't it? disrepair since the government took successors. The monuments of fine Italian mar­ over its operation. A stone's throw A new Constitution was promulga­ ble in the little cemetery remind me away is the ravaged shell of the once ted in 1985, and there were elections. again of New Orleans. There are stat­ proud Masonic Temple, symbol of the After promising not to run, Sergeant

. ues with black faces and white wigs, True Whig aristocracy-the Americo­ Doe changed his mind and won the life stories inscribed on the base. James Liberian minority that dominated the count-not everyone is convinced he Churchwill Vaughan left South Caro­ country economically and politically won the election. Our government's lina "because of the oppressive laws until toppled in 1980 by Master Ser­ position was that the tallying process then in force against the colored geant Samuel Kanyon Doe. It was was "flawed" by the decision to man," became a successful business­ appoint a "representative" commis­ man in Nigeria. His great-great sion to count the ballots in secret. True granddaughter is educator, nurse, Whigs in the States pilloried the author, and feminist. Like her Brazil­ Reagan Administration for not going ian cousin, she's kept track of relatives further; the issues are familiar to any­ in the Western Hemisphere; Ebony one who has followed the debate over did a spread ten years ago about Ayo sanctions against South Africa. The and her cousin Jewel Lafontant G.D. government generally supports us in 1946), our Deputy Solicitor General. the U. N. and thinks us ungrateful; Claudia's daughter Patricia, who is being a superpower is not always fun. in the fifth grade, is running for Vice­ As in Nigeria, there is a noisy pri­ President. What do Nigeria and the vate press. Papers have been banned United States have in common, and unbanned; the press provision of Madame Vice-President? A common the Constitution contains a derogation language that makes it possible for you clause susceptible of broad interpreta­ to speak to children who grew up half a tion. The great flap of the moment world away from Baltimore. A common grew out of a speech by opposition legacy of dissatisfaction, ladies and leader Baccus Matthews suggesting in gentlemen, with a colonial system that what seemed conciliatory terms that systematically denied to those of us any effort to unsettle the current abroad those liberties so jealously regime would only delay the next dem­ guarded at home; your country, like ocratic election. One of the newspapers mine, was created in order that the peo­ chose to print this talk under the head­ ple could determine their own destiny. line "Baccus warns of coup," and Tomorrow is travel day. See you in Congress was called into special ses­ Liberia. sion to ban both him and his party. (: .. statues with blackfaces and The morning papers suggested the white wigs, life stories inscribed on 21. Patricia measure had been sent to the President Monrovia) Monday) Sept. the base. J) spent the afternoon and evening at the for his signature. Later in the day sev­ airport. She brought apples and cheese eral legislators were reported to have and reading matter and sat in the air­ pretty bloody here for a while. Presi­ denied that any ban had been enacted, conditioned car; she's dealt with Nige­ dent Tolbert and a number of others and the President left town without ria Airways before. This Patricia is were unceremoniously shot; the Uni­ revealing what had become of his Patricia Garon, the CAO in Liberia; versity was sacked and its entire faculty proposal. you remember what a CAO is. discharged. Many members of the In the evening Ambassador Bishop It's forty-one miles to Monrovia. thirty-three principal families fled to presented a set of lawbooks to the Amos drives us at refreshing speed "the States," taking with them much Supreme Court, the Bar Association, through open country on an excellent of the country's human as well as liq­ and the Law School. I said something two-lane highway built with American uid capital. about the Federalist Papers; I forget money in 1968. We have treaty rights The freed slaves settled here by the why. The Ambassador said what's to use the airport, a fancy navigational American Colonization Society in the important is that we think the process system, a Voice of America transmitter 1820s numbered no more than 3,000, matters more than any particular that stops broadcasting at seven in the and their descendants were never more result; I think he hit the nail on the

morning (Dear Senator Simon ... ). than 5 percent of the population. head. Nevertheless (Silver Lining Depart­ ment) their involuntary apprenticeship coupled with outside support gave

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 7 22. Monrovia looks After Tuesday, Sept. spending the morning adapt­ nearest equivalent of our word "oppo­ much less than The the first half of foreign Lagos. ing my Nigerian speech nent" in any African language is streets are and on individual liberties and the courts reassuringly straight "enemy." Not long ago the UPP spon­ broad side­ though sadly pockmarked; for tonight's lecture, I went to the sored a citizens' meeting to discuss walks are I saw no common; open sew­ imposing Capitol to speak with mem­ political and social issues. Such gather­ ers. Traffic seems less and bers of the House and congested Senate Judiciary ings had been held in the past only as less hectic here. The cars are the same: Committees about the importance of preludes to attempts to overthrow the Honda an Peugeot, Toyota, Volkswagen, aggressive and independent legisla­ government; the aim was to accustom -we don't seem to be this winning ture. Honorable Philip Deah, Chair­ the country to the exercise of the con­ one Dress is anywhere. predominantly man of the House committee, told us stitutional right of assembly. The UPP one almost be in an his Western; might daughter was studying at Chicago also threatened to seek a court order town of State and went off to impoverished Mississippi round up his col­ requiring the government to remove a the 1940s. leagues. Having heard that Supreme notorious assortment of mentally ill There's no oil here, but there's rub­ Court Justices were paid the princely ber. Firestone has a huge plantation sum of $630 a month, I thought this a and on the to processing plant way the good occasion to make a play for ade­ There's some iron ore and airport. quate judicial salaries as a means of timber too; both are in hands foreign attracting qualified personnel and Opposition ... is a difficult and in the doldrums. Economics was We have little reducing temptation. in not the suit of the concept the apparently strong influence in the legislature, they com­ [Liberia]; People's Redemption Council; the plained. Take your case to the people, I nearest equivalent ofour has government recently been per­ that Never J) suggested, they may judge. word t in suaded to the services of seven­ "opponen arry accept forget our Senate's insistence on deli­ teen foreign experts in order, as the berating without President Washing­ African language is New York Times to run the JJ put it, ton, or Justice Jackson's warning that "enemy. economy. legislators can preserve their preroga­

tives only by exercising them . . I had lunch with Baccus Matthews.

He didn't seem at all abashed. He did

think it would be more convenient if individuals from the streets of Monro­ knew whether or people not they had via. The suit was never brought, its been banned. No friend of the True protagonists professing satisfaction he Whigs, spoke matter-of-factly of the with responsive though as yet fruitless soldiers who used to roust out voters at efforts to remedy the problem; their and ask them for whom gunpoint they main purpose had been to set a prece­ were voting. You hear conflicting sto­ dent for invoking the constitutional ries about the True Whigs. Some con­ right to petition for redress of griev­ tend that the People's Redemption ances. Mr. Matthews surmises that Council this systematically deprived such incidents as these may have had nation of the struggling few individu­ something to do with the effort to ban als with the skills needed to keep it out the United People's Party. He doubted of the Stone others allude to Age; he would challenge the ban if it was elections and dark in the rigged doings promulgated, but nobody expects basement the of Masonic Temple. Mr. Baccus Matthews to retire from Matthews was in prison when the coup public view. fell, charged with instigating the rice riots that had brought the country to Wednesday, Sept. 23. Next to the Cap­ the brink of chaos. After serving as a itol stands a shabby, discolored six­ minister, Mr. Matthews broke with the story concrete building reminiscent of Doe government to form the United those monuments to misguided hous­ which had been People's Party, banned ing policy that line the expressways in and unbanned at least once before the Chicago. This, I am sorry to say, is the present excitement. Unlike other Temple ofJustice, seat of the Supreme he has opposition leaders, consistently Court of Liberia. We toiled up five preached cooperation with the existing flights of circular stairs; the elevators it is better to face he were regime; reality, not working. There were appre­ than to lost battles. believes, refight ciable gaps in the faded green carpet­ There are those who suggest he went ing of the uncooled library, where further in this direction than was abso­ ambitious collections of American stat­ lutely necessary in accepting a shiny utes, decisions, and journals conspicu­ new automobile from the President. ously tailed off after 1962. With proper Opposition, says Mr. Matthews, is a pride Justice Robert Azango showed Crown 's ofNigeria Yoruba kings difficult concept in this country; the us the first volume of the Liberian

8 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Monrovia's imposing Capitol

decisions ren­ food for out of v. Mad­ Reports, embracing thought Marbury (: .. a shabby, discolored six-story dered his tribunal between 1861 ison ... This time, the Sena­ by ). though concrete building" and 1907. The latest edition of the tors were required to stand up and be Liberian Code on the shelves dates counted, the vote was equally divided; Having spoken to legislators and from some time in the '60s; Justice the Vice-President's casting vote was judges about their roles in making the was now to talk Azango assured us he had his own cop­ needed to put him over the hump. (Is Constitution work, I ies of subsequent legislation. The the Vice-President's legislative role to the Fulbright alumni about the decrees of the late military government consistent with the separation of pow­ responsibility of the citizen. What does a know about that? are not easy to find; they have never ers? Get out that pole again.) Chief law professor Well, been systematically collected, and Justice Cheapoo promptly raised a I do know something about that, and apparently some were never pub­ ruckus by touring the country to dis­ maybe we're finally getting down to lished. Many of those decrees, not sur­ miss allegedly incompetent or corrupt fundamentals. In a nation of sheep, prisingly, are believed to be inconsis­ judges, which some contend he had no Baccus Matthews had said, there will tent with the new Constitution, which power to do. He was out of town today" always be a shepherd. It was ordinary like its 1847 predecessor (drafted by and no one seemed to know anything citizens who tossed that tea into Boston Professor Simon Greenleaf of Har­ about our appointment. Further Harbor (was that too inflammatory?), vard) is in most important respects efforts turned up a judge who offered who argued so forcefully in the Feder­ reminiscent of our own. Some argue to get the troops together at eleven; the alist Papers for the new Constitution, that these decrees became void auto­ speech had been scheduled for ten. who voted in popular conventions for matically when the Constitution came Judicial review by independent its adoption. It was ordinary citizens into force, but the government refuses judges, I tell them, is essential to the who joined together to educate, plead, and with such success in to say so; there is a suspicion it wishes enforcement of constitutional free­ lobby, litigate to retain the daunting possibility of doms in a democracy. What can the organizations like the ACLU, the threatening to invoke them against courts do, they ask, to promote respect NAACP, and the Sierra Club. I tell which those who oppose its course. for their decisions? Get their own them about Project Leap, The courts too have been a subject house in order, avoid any appearance helped to sanitize elections in that we call of controversy. Not long ago President of impropriety, explain decisions in developing country Chicago, Doe requested the resignations of all terms that convince the loser he's had a about the dramatic effects of citizen members of the Supreme Court and fair hearing. What can a judge do in pressure for environmental protection got them. The normally tractable Sen­ the face of a recalcitrant government in the 1970s, about the mechanics of ate initially voted down by secret ballot with superior physical power? Think of running, checking, and passing in a for the Illinois more than one of his subsequent nomi­ ChiefJustice Taney, who lost the battle grass-roots campaign war on the Don't Nir­ nees, including an attorney called but won the by calling Pres­ General Assembly. expect Chea Cheapoo. Thereupon the Presi­ ident to support the orders of the vana tomorrow; enforcing our Fif­ dent decided to substitute Mr. courts; think of the Nigerian judges teenth Amendment took a hundred Cheapoo for his original nominee for who, unwilling to pull down the temple years. You say it was easy for us, our Chief Justice, who had already been by invalidating a decree limiting their people could do all this without fear? confirmed. (Was that legal?, I was jurisdiction, construed it as narrowly Think of Medgar Evers and Martin asked this evening. Time to get out as possible. that ten-foot pole. I'm not an expert on your Constitution; you might get some

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 9 Luther Remember the of King. power point Ambassador Bishop had made properly irate over efforts by the direc­

the word: I have a dream .... on first our my evening, emphasis on tor of the state electric company to and uncle were My grandfather my what unites rather than divides us. You suppress an embarrassing story about Presbyterian preachers. I think they know the Memorial: no editorializing, malfunctioning traffic lights. Money is would have been pleased. just thousands of names, our common short in broadcasting too; Mr. Brown I was tragedy. pleased to spot a large is his own editor, and gen­ Thursday, Sept. 24. After an unex­ producer, UPP button in the front row; it's not eral man Friday. pected television appearance in which I easy to intimidate expression. said what you would expect, I lunched with Deputy Justice Minister Eugene Friday, Sept. 25. This morning I who to be well Cooper, proved versed in spoke at the police academy, taking as such subtleties as the distinctions text "We serve and the my protect," It's to visit among aiders, abettors, and accessories motto of the Chicago police. Never for­ sobering and the British law of extradition. The countries like get you hold your awesome power as Nigeria and Minister was much exercised over our trustees for the people; if you abuse it Liberia; it makes you think insistence on signing a formal lease for you will be ashamed. The senior offi­ the use a about we of government building to cers sat neatly in dark trousers and things tend to house a new that we are library to help white dress shirts; there is no money to takefor granted. underwrite. You have the President's buy the cadets uniforms. The Com­ personal assurance, he complained, and mandant gave me an earful about the you don't trust him. You know those decision of our Congress not to 'pro­ sticklers in our financial office, said his vide financial support for foreign host; their rules in I told the Ambassador that require something police; I was treated to an appropriate trop­ You know never have sounded ham-handed and to writing. why you promised ical deluge as Amos picked me up for asked the to military coups? Minister. speak my Senator. There seems to the trek back to the airport; pedestri­ Your are not concentrated be a that Unele troops general expectation ans were wading up to their knees. We around Washington. Sam will do things for you, and indeed passed the corrugated shacks, the piles I had two hours before is need for our this is not a tackling there help; of refuse in the streets, the women with "The Constitution as a Political rich country. prodigious loads on their heads, the Instrument" for a general audience at My last engagement was lunch at a Rooster Restaurant proclaiming its USIS. The title had been foisted on me seaside hotel with Dan Brown, who "sudden service," the John F. Ken­ in in connection with an does the news for the TV. June appear­ government nedy Hospital where you bring your ance in the in Other invitees not Germany; people having material­ own bandages, the headquarters of the Monrovia thought they were making it ized, I pocketed my predictable West African Contracting Organiza­ easy for me. In Bonn I had taken the remarks about the of the responsibility tion, whose acronym is wryly pro­ of liberty changing the subject. press in a democracy and listened to nounced "wacko." In the light it looks I described the Constitution as tales Tonight of reporters finding smoldering rather like Florida, flat and palmy, till a the result of the ballots in the back after the we political process, country turn away from the coast. The framework that channels our last election. Mr. Brown was political properly mountains appear in the distance; in a energies, an instrument of orderly proud of the press's role in bringing few hours I'll be back in Chicago. political change. I closed with the Viet­ down ex-Foreign Minister Blamo in This morning the Speaker of the nam Memorial as a of the the recent scandal symbol procurement and House said Congress had never voted to ban Baccus Matthews or his party. I thought this sounded encouraging; maybe the President had decided to backoff in view of the storm raised by his proposal. Dan Brown wasn't so sure. It's sobering to visit countries like Nigeria and Liberia; it makes you think about things we tend to take for I saw granted. But the light in the eyes of the lawyers, the students, the con­ cerned citizens; I sensed a broad com­ mitment to the values I had come to preach. How, they kept asking, can we make it work? I quoted Learned Hand on the spirit of liberty and Bloody Mary on the importance of dreams. I exhorted to education, to grass-roots organization, to legislative and judicial courage. I toasted the future of the rule Nigerian ceremonial dancers of law in the Republic of Liberia. •

10 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Four Faces of Liberal Legal 'Thought

Mary E. Becker

on the "left" Traditional Liberalism side of the political spectrum­ and Constitutional Liberals-thosetend to be critical of the exist­ ing social order, with its unequal distri­ Interpretation bution of wealth, economic security, medical care, political power, educa­ For traditional liberals, a central func­ tion, and employment. Liberals are tion of the legal system is to protect interested in changing our legal and autonomous individuals from the" tyr­ governmental structure to constitute a aImy of the majority." There is, of more just society. There are, however" course, a tension between judicial a variety of approaches to social invalidation of majoritarian legislation change. I will discuss four strands of and the democratic process. Both tra­ contemporary legal thought on the ditional liberals and conservatives left: traditional liberalism, republi­ emphasize this tension, though they canism, critical legal studies, and resolve it differently. feminism. Conservatives maintain that it is rel­ Each of these approaches to social atively easy to resolve this tension change offers a slightly different per­ because they believe that every clause spective or focus. Traditional liberals of the Constitution has "some fixed, focus on the individual and the role the reasonably ascertainable meaning, legal system should play in limiting which constrains both legislatures and majoritarian abuse and fostering indi­ judges." 1 Judges therefore need not, vidual autonomy; republicans focus on and in a democracy should not, apply democratic self-government and the the Constitution by reference to their role the legal system should play in fos­ subjective preferences and values. For tering collective self-determination conservatives, the primary functions of Mary E. Becker is Professor of Law at the and community; critical legal scholars judicial review are thus to protect the University of Chicago. This article is the focus on class interests, ideology, and Constitution's "well-defined personal and to ensure that no branch second in a two-part series on aspects ofcur­ biases within the legal system and the liberties" rent conservative and liberal legal thought in larger society; feminists focus on gen­ of the federal govcmmcnt oversteps its the United States. der interests, ideology, and biases specified and limited powers. within the legal system and the larger society. 1 Michael W. McConnell, Four Faces of Conservative Legal Thought, 34 U. Chi. L. School Record 12, 13 (Spring 1988).

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 11 Traditional liberals see the task of

constitutional as more , 0 interpretation d o complex. Many clauses of the Consti­ ,0 IJ tution are vague and open-ended. This o is true of the especially personal liber­ o ties protected in the Bill of Rights and the fourteenth amendment. For exam­ ple, the first amendment provides that

"Congress shall make no law... abridg­ ing the freedom of speech"; the fifth amendrrient provides that no person shall "be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law"; the fourteenth amendment provides that no state "shall abridge the privi­ leges or immunities of citizens of the United States"; and the ninth amend­ ment provides that "[t]he enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights shall not be construed to deny or dis­ " parage others retained the that not by people. thry-and the "government" the document in a manner consistent The of such meaning clauses is -are in charge. The private-public with its words and the intentions of its self-evident. The framers must hardly distinction is often used by liberals to framers and also interpret it according have intended someone-presumably explain this limit on governmental to "some fixed, reasonably ascertaina­ judges-to give concrete meaning to power: there is a private sphere beyond ble meaning, which constrains both these of the Constitution; provisions which government should not intrude legislatures and judges." Conserva­ According to traditional the on its citizens' activities. liberals, tives err on the side of majority rule: framers considered review of judicial unless ajudge is confident beyond rea­ enacted an democratically legislation sonable doubt that the framers meant essential check to minorities protect to proscribe challenged legislation, the indif­ against majoritarian bias, panic, will of the majority should prevail. ference, and hostility. The framers, in Liberals believe Liberals, on the other hand, err on the other were aware of theJramers words, acutely side of aggressive protection of funda­ both the and of intended ... to advantages dangers judges guard mental rights: a judge should invali­ majority rule. Without some check, the date legislation when there are the would have unlimited aggressively against majority reasonable grounds to believe that the over minorities. Liberals rule power believe dangers oj majority majority has impermissibly burdened that the framers intended judges, a right guaranteed by the Constitu­ enforcement through judicial of the tion. Despite their differences, how­ and liberties the rights guaranteed by ever, both liberals and traditional Constitution, to guard aggressively conservatives try to give effect to the the against dangers of rule. Consistent with these at the majority views, language and (what they believe to be) as Geof­ Moreover, emphasized by end of the Lochner (1905) era, Justice the intentions of the framers of the Stone frey and other liberal scholars, Harlan Fiske Stone, in his famous Constitution. of fundamental aggressive protection footnote 4, identified three types of One of the most important of the is essential to the rights preserve line legislation that should be carefully Cor{stitution's open-ended provisions between the the government and gov­ scrutinized by the courts: legislation is the equal protection clause of the ernors. In a self-governing society, restricting fundamental rights, such as fourteenth amendment. Although this the such as those rights against government, enumerated in the Bill of Rights clause was enacted to end the subordi­ the privilege self­ and the fourteenth against compelled amendment; legis­ nation of ex-slaves, its language is not the to due incrimination, right process, lation limiting access to the political limited to racial discrimination: "No and the freedoms of and aimed at dis­ ... speech, religion, process; legislation State shall deny to any person and assembly, help to the citi­ crete and insular minorities." preserve within its jurisdiction the equal protec­ zen's sense of and autonomy, dignity In the end, liberals argue, the pro­ tion of the laws." Liberals interpret integrity; they help to remind citizens cess of constitutional is interpretation this clause in light of the need to pro­ more complicated than conservatives tect minorities, especially discrete and admit, One cannot faithfully interpret

2United States v. Carolene Prod­ ucts, 304 U. S. 144 (1938).

12 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD insular minorities, from majoritarian group fights for its own interest, yields results that reflect the current distribu­ abuse. Although blacks are the para­ Republicanism In a delibera­ digm, liberals are willing to grant tion of power. contrast, special protection under the equal In recent years, a number of legal tive process, in which participants seek protection clause to other, arguably scholars have turned to the origins of the common good, brings alternative and information to analogous groups, such as aliens, the Constitution in order to under­ perspectives bear; illegitimate children, and women. stand modern constitutional contro­ it produces results that do not neces­ reflect the interests of the Because such groups are unlikely to versies. Many such scholars emphasize sarily enjoy effective participation in the the roots of the Constitution in powerful. In this is also a to political process and have historically "republican" principles. view, Republicanism response been subjected to discrimination, lib­ the framers had a vision of democracy libertarianism. Libertarians believe in erals maintain that laws directed at pre-political natural rights to liberty and with which such groups should be suspect (or property government interfere. quasi-suspect) even when rational cannot legitimately Republi­ maintain even when based on a difference cans reject such rights. They (i.e., value that there is no such as a between the targeted group and the Republicans political thing pre­ human rest of society). The Supreme Court's participation by all political (i.e., pre-social) that the equal protection standard is consistent citizens being. Republicans emphasize with this analysis. current distribution of property is itself delibera­ Although liberals believe in a more the product of prior political aggressive judicial review than tradi­ tions and thus properly the subject of tional conservatives, they share with continuing political deliberation. believe in traditional conservatives a hostility to in which political actors deliberate Although republicans rights, judicial interference with democrat­ about the public good rather than seek they believe that there are no natural, ically-enacted legislation on the basis their own selfish ends. The framers did pre-political rights-rights beyond of of judges' subjective judicial values or not conceive of democracy as interest the scope legitimate political deliberation. preferences. Both traditional conserva­ group politics; political equality is nec­ a number of tives and liberals believe that the Con­ essary to ensure that all groups have On important issues, take stitution can and should be interpreted access to this deliberative process. republicans varying approaches. With to the of delibera­ in a value-neutral way. Republicans value political partici­ respect purpose common there are As this suggests, pluralism plays an pation by all citizens. In the republican tion about the good, important role in traditional liberal view, something is seriously wrong two major strands of republican The Madisonian thought. Liberals believe that the pur­ if political participation is skewed thought. strand, scholars such as pose of the democratic process is to according to race, class, or sex. Repub­ represented today by give each individual the opportunity to licans regard active citizenship as Cass Sunstein and Frank Michelman, values deliberation as a mechanism for use his or her political power to best important because it acts as a control, less to advantage. The essence of political on governmental abuse and because making government responsive activity is thus to negotiate deals participation cultivates empathy and powerful groups, whether at the local, facili­ or national level. Another among competing groups acting in feelings of community, thereby state, strand, scholars such as Paul their own self interest. The anti­ tating deliberation in the political represented by Brest and Gerald stresses the majoritarian restraints liberals espouse process. Frug, value of and are designed to ensure that no interest Republicans believe deliberation democracy participation results different from on the local level. For these group is unfairly handicapped by other yields political republicans, like local control is interest groups in the give and take of those of a pluralistic process. A plural­ many conservatives, interest an of the interest group politics. istic process, in which each important component republi­ can VISIon. Similarly, though equality is an important concept within the republi­ can tradition, republicans do not all agree on its content. Republicans, like traditional liberals, emphasize the importance of political equality to the democratic process; the process can work only if all individuals have equal access to the political sphere. Republi­ cans differ from " t�aditional liberals, J however, in that political J , stressing » equality requires more than universal It ,f 't ,11 f

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 13 adult suffrage. In their view, unim­ ultimately indeterminate. Judges inev­ universal adult peded suffrage is too itably and necessarily decide cases thin and abstract a standard of political on the basis of personal values and pre­ equality; it ignores problems faced ferences. Legal discourse and doc­ unequally by different groups attempt­ trine thus cannot be separated from to affect ing the political process. In ideology. addition, some republicans, such as Further, critical legal scholars such Paul believe that Brest, equality must as Robert Unger and Mark Tushnet include economic as well political argue that legal doctrines (including for in equality, this view economic legal rights) tend, perhaps invariably, is a equality necessary prerequisite to to serve and legitimate the interests of political equality. Less radical the Even the most republi­ powerful. ·cursory ently legitimate a system in which cans do not include economic at equality glance history, they argue, reveals democracy refers only to limited within their notion of par­ equality. that the have con­ powerful always ticipation in what the critical legal Although republicanism is not in trolled the content of law to protect scholars see as an arbitrarily-defined itself a theory of constitutional inter­ their interests by preserving existing "public" sphere. pretation, a belief that the framers social, and economic rela­ political, Critical legal scholars reject the use intended to fashion a democratic tionships. Equally important, laws that of legal rights to alter the existing dis­ influences one's to republic approach seem neu- preserve existing inequities tribution of social, political, and eco­ several constitutional questions. For nomic power. As indicated above, they example, consider cam­ republicans believe that all cases 'are indeterminate paign finance regulation constitutional and that rights serve mainly to legiti­ since it furthers Sim­ political equality. mate existing inequities. Most critical ilarly' republicans favor regulations Critical legal scholars legal scholars thus advocate the devel­ banning private discrimination on the the opment of more informal, communi­ basis of race, sex, sexual challenge preference, possibility of tarian forms of decision making: religion, etc., because such discrimi­ groups of equal individuals with com­ nation interferes with achieving meaningful political equal­ mon concerns should meet and reach ity. And tend to change republicans applaud through legal consensus on matters of interest to the fairness doctrine broad­ (requiring rights their community. All hierarchies casters to give airtime to opposing should be abolished. Factory workers because it con­ viewpoints) encourages should establish rules for their sideration of factory. many viewpoints and, Students should establish rules for thus, better deliberation. as And, sug­ their school. All rules should be gested earlier, some republicans place tral both to the and to those powerful entirely renegotiable, subject to con­ a on local self premium government oppressed by existing inequities. Thus, stant reformation. and are therefore more to invali­ likely law legitimates inequitable relation­ Many of the points made critical date by expansive exercises of federal It covers them with a of ships. patina legal scholars are squarely in the realist power. legitimacy by creating the false impres­ tradition. Both the realists and critical Despite their many differences, sion that it is itself neutral and inde­ legal scholars maintain that there is no republicans and traditional liberals of pendent existing power inequities. such thing as value-free legal reason­ both believe in Indeed, both This of rights. patina legitimacy encourages ing; that legal rules are that historically believe rights, including consitu­ the to the powerless accept existing contingent; that the development of tional rights, can and should be used to and social, political, economic order doctrine is not the true goal of legal achieve a more just and social because of political their false belief that it is decisionmaking. Critical legal scholars order. This belief in is not, how­ founded on individual choice a rights within are, however, far more radical than the ever, shared by all strands of liberal neutral structure. legal realists, for they are committed to the thought. Critical legal scholars criticize the view that legal doctrines, legal traditional bifurcation of social legal "rights," and legal reasoning are Critical into and Legal Studies reality private public spheres. always manipulated to serve the inter­ Traditional liberals and conservatives ests of the powerful. And, unlike the Critical scholars tend to see as legal challenge the democracy appropriate realists, many critical legal scholars of in the critical possibility achieving meaningful only public sphere. But, believe that rights should be repu­ scholars change through legal rights. They legal argue, governments are diated as a viable instrument for that not the argue principled adjudication is only important institutions in achieving a more equitable distribu­ There in their no our The and tion impossible. is, view, society. powerless lack, between social classes and groups. such the thing as distinctly legal rea- need, ability to participate in other social sonmg; every case is in some sense important and economic organi­ zations. Yet traditional liberals and conservatives have created and persist-

14 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD analytic theory suggests that the ori­ and intimacy. Feminists point out that Feminism gins of misogyny may be deeply the sexes' closeness is not inconsistent ingrained, far beyond the reach of rea­ with deep misogyny on the part of femi­ Feminist legal scholars are concerned son, and associated with ambivalence both women and men. Indeed, about the status and well-being of towards those who cared for us as nist psychoanalytic theory suggests that the closeness of the sexes women. Despite women's increased infants. may of femi­ reinforce access to some areas of human activity It is against the background actually misogyny. Most feminist scholars believe in recent years, women continue to be nist work in other disciplines detailing legal missed the boat on disadvantaged in comparison to men pervasive, yet invisible (to many) sex­ that liberals have tend to see "the in terms of income, financial security, ism, that feminist legal scholars equality. First, liberals their as the use of leisure time, status, and power. Levels approach law. Not surprisingly, problem" inappropriate of of male-female differences. of violence against women remain dis­ attitude is one of suspicion legal stereotypes proportionately high. rules and legal method, both of which, Feminists maintain, however, that the that differences Feminist legal scholars have been they argue, have been developed problem is not just strongly influenced by feminist schol­ almost exclusively by and for men. between the sexes have been used inap­ are of the Women and men could be ars in other fields. In discipline after Feminists especially wary propriately. discipline, feminists have identified neutrality norm (a norm espoused not different in many ways and yet enjoy liberals but also financial sexist bias in a variety of subtle and not only by traditional by equal security, leisure, status, The core is the so-subtle forms. For example, in biol­ many republicans and conservatives). and power. problem Feminists that rules made differential distribution of these ogy and sociology, researchers have suspect by between the sexes. The liberal tended to view the male as the norm or and for men are likely to appear as "goods" into focus on whether some difference normal and the female as the exception "neutral" and that rules taking are between the sexes differential or aberration. Linguistic analysis account women's reality likely to justifies treatment the of sexual reveals semantic derogation of women. appear as "special pleading." Despite ignores reality differences between the Consider the quite different connota­ these reservations, feminists hope to subordination; used to tions of bachelor and spinster, old man use law to improve women's lives. sexes are systematically justify scholars are inter­ male and female and old woman, master and mistress, Feminist legal privilege impoverish­ a number of central the sexes could be differ­ sir and madam. Feminists argue that ested in questions. ment, though and well off. the language, which has been largely man­ How do legal rules, doctrines, lan­ ent equally Despite contribute to differences between domestic work and made, has played an important role in guage, and analyses status or for homemakers structuring individuals to serve male women's subordinate reflect wage labor, example, interests. sexist biases and assumptions? How could be given financial security in old In the behavioral sciences, feminists are various actors in the legal system age equivalent to that enjoyed by wage have developed firm empirical evi­ (police, prosecutors, judges, and law­ workers. used dence of unconscious bias against yers) affected by the sex of victims, wit­ Second, the equality standard and liberals-formal or women, a bias suggested by the dif­ nesses, parties, lawyers, experts? by equality open women the to ferential connotations of language Do legal processes or theories (includ­ access-gives only right adversarial be treated like to depending on the sex of the referent. ing legal reasoning and the men, according rules, val­ and Both women and men tend, uncon- system) reflect men's perspectives, standards, practices developed by men for men with no ues, and thought processes more than and significant women's? What changes in legal rules domestic responsibilities. Consider, for Liberal or in the practices of actors within the example, the workplace. legal system would contribute to a "equality" entitles women only to be men. feminists Mostfeminist legal scholars more equal society? treated like But, argue, women will never achieve economic believe that liberals have In addressing these concerns, femi­ while sad­ nists offer a critical perspective on each equality in the workplace missed the boat on of the bodies of liberal legal thought dled with the lion's share of domestic child equality discussed thus far: traditional liberal­ responsibilities (including care) ism, republicanism, and critical legal and faced with rules designed for men studies. Feminists maintain that tradi­ with wives. tional liberals are largely blind or Third, feminists contend that in the indifferent to the realities of sexual political arena, open access-e. g., the little in .a world sciously and inadvertently, to view subordination and discrimination. right to vote-means like Hart think of in which women and men are differen­ women as inferior. For example, both Liberals, John Ely, between the sexes as socialized and so that women and men rate as less important the relationship tially educated, its closeness men are to control life. an article presented with a female essentially friendly given likely political for the fact that author than the same article presented Consider, example, the with a male author. Feminist psycho- (despite widely-accepted stereotype'

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 15 to the men in mixed-sex contrary) steps to overcome the many non­ talk more than women and groups obvious barriers women face to equal tend to interrupt women when women consideration of their interests in the do talk. In such a women's setting, process of deliberation. to vote does not mean right equal Feminists agree with, and would access to political power. expand upon, many of the key insights feminists are Finally, suspicious of of the critical legal scholars. Law, they the liberal notion that there are areas would argue, is an instrument men too to warrant "private" governmental have designed and used to maintain intrusion. Liberals tend to define these power over women. Moreover, like areas in terms of sexual relations and critical legal scholars, feminists are suspicious of rights. Rights tend to be defined by the powerful to serve their own interests. Consider the traditional rights of a husband during marriage. Even today, rights and the rhetoric of are used more to silence women and other groups rights (though subtly than in the to whose interests are not shared by the past) oppress women. Consider first amendment politically powerful and whose requests rights, which feminists such as Catharine for consideration can, with republican rhetoric, be denigrated and dismissed MacKinnon argue are misused to pro­ tect a as narrow self-interest. multi-billion dollar business in which Further, feminists are concerned pornography damages women in untold that women are likely to assert their ways. feminist scholars are interests too little in the political arena, Many legal also rather than too much. Women (more suspicious of critical legal studies, however. Critical scholars would than men) are socialized to put the legal needs of others, especially their chil­ replace formal deliberation about with more informal decision­ 'dren and spouses, ahead of their own. rights But in Women are still socialized (with obvi­ making processes. informal set­ the But see family. feminists these "pri­ as the of the ously mixed results) to regard the tings-such private sphere vate" as areas in spheres which men with are to domestic sphere as theirs and the polit­ family-those power likely control women. Women are more In informal the ical sphere as men's. As mentioned prevail. groups, power­ likely than men to need ful control the government earlier, women tend to talk less than discussion, define the intervention in these areas. Privacy, issues, establish the range of acceptable feminists argue, is freedom for men, discourse, and dictate the result. areas in which women defining Women and minority groups have (and children) can be subordinated often done better with rights, despite without redress through government their imperfections and " shortcomings, "interference. than with informal Women will never achieve decisionmaking. Feminists also worry about the In addition, critical legal scholars stress on economic in the republican deliberation to equality rarely offer practical ideas for improv­ attain the common good rather than women's lives short of workplace while ...faced ing radically pursuit of self-interest. Iris Marion transforming society by eliminating all with rules men Young has noted that there is no such designedfor hierarchy. Since radical transforma­ a thing as transcendent, disembodied with wives tion seems unlikely in the foreseeable perspective from which to regard the future, critical legal scholars offer common Feminists good. fear that women a better understanding of their such a of the (false) conception political subordination, but no help in lessening tend to entrench the sta­ process may it during their lives. On a practical tus Women are less than quo. likely level, the critical legal studies move­ more powerful groups to have their men in mixed-sex groupings and to be ment is profoundly conservative, tend­ interests included in the calculus of the more men than men to interrupted by ing entrench the status quo by common good. For this reason, women are by women. Men tend to dominate teaching the impossibility of social are more to have to women in about social and likely (than men) just every change other than through a vague for that are push policies explicitly in political setting. Feminists argue that (and possibly ineffective) radical trans­ their self-interest. In the real political republicans-like traditional liberals formation that will not take place in of self-interest is -tend to world, rejection likely ignore these problems. The our lifetimes, if ever. pursuit of the common good, if it is to be successful, must take affirmative

16 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD What is the feminist agenda for the legal change believe that equality can­ future? During the seventies and early not be achieved without changing sex­ Conclusion eighties, almost all feminists interested uality, so that domination is no longer in legal change agreed on one impor­ erotic. These feminists concentrate on The last few decades have been an for tant goal: a formal equality standard the regulation of pornography. Most, especially productive period legal with strict scrutiny for sex-based classi­ probably all, feminist legal scholars thought on the left. The current ver­ fications analogous to strict scrutiny call for legal change in a variety of sions of traditional liberalism, republi­ and for racial classifications under the forms and fora if we are to make signif­ canism, critical legal studies, equal protection clause. This goal was icant changes in the relative distribu­ feminism are, today, almost unrecog­ as of the liberal pursued both through litigation and tion of power, physical and financial nizable developments through the drive for the ERA. During security, status, and leisure time thought of even twenty years ago. these various the eighties, the consensus for a formal between the sexes. Most feminists Within and among equality-strict scrutiny standard has believe that the current diversity strands of liberal thought there is a what evaporated. Today, some feminist legal among legal feminist scholars is an wide variety of approaches to scholars continue to support the strict­ advantage, for they recognize that should surely be the central question scrutiny standard or to search for a there is no single solution to the myr­ for legal scholars of the future: how can in our create a more new and better equality standard to iad forms of sexual inequality our legal system just • replace it. Some feminists interested in society. social order.

Suggested further reading for this Law and Economics Republicanism article and for Michael McConnell's James M. Buchanan & Gordon Tul­ Cass R. Sunstein, Beyond the 98 Yale Law article on conservative legal thought in lock, The Calculus of Consent Republican Revival, the Spring 1988 issue of the Law School (1962). Review (july, 1988). Record. Richard A. Posner, The Economics Frank 1. Michelman, Traces of Self ofJustice (1981). Government, 100 Harvard Law Traditional Conservatism Review 4 (1986). Gary L. McDowell, The Constitution Social Conservatism and Contemporary Constitutional Peter L. Berger & Richard J. Critical Legal Studies Theory (1985). Neuhaus, To Empower People: The Politics of Law (D. Kairys ed., Gary J. Jacobsohn, The Supreme The Role of Mediating Structures 1982). Court and the Decline of Constitu­ in Public Policy (1977). Mark Kelman, A Guide to Critical tional Aspiration (1986). Richard J. Neuhaus, The Naked Legal Studies (1988). Public Square: Religion and Libertarianism Democracy in America (1984). Feminism Feminism Stephen Macedo, The New Right v. Mark De Wolfe Howe, The Garden Catharine A. MacKinnon, the Constitution (1987). and the Wilderness (1965). Unmodified: Discourses on Life Richard A. Epstein, Takings: Private and Law (1987). Property and the Power of Emi­ Traditional Liberalism and Constitutional Mary E. Becker, Prince Charming: nent Domain (1985). Interpretation Abstract Equality, 1987 Supreme Bernard H. Siegan, Economic Liber­ John Hart Ely, Democracy and Dis­ Court Review 201. ties and the Constitution (1980). trust: A Theory ofJudicial Review (1980). Bruce A. Ackerman, Social Justice in the Liberal State (1980).

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 17 Law and Literature

Richard A. Posner

is remarkable how many famous cles, is the leader of the loyalists. The works of literature, from all eras, loyalists win, but both brothers, the take law as It their central theme. rebel and the defender, die in the fight. While there is relatively little in these Creon decrees that Polynices, the works that will help judges directly rebel, shall remain unburied-a terri­ with the solution of technical legal ble punishment in the theology of the can us questions, they help to achieve ancient Greeks-and he announces on perspective fundamental jurispru­ that anyone who violates this decree dential issues that pervade our work shall be put to death. The decree has whether we are aware of them or not. the same authority as would a law One thing all judges feel or should feel, passed by Congress today. Antigone, for example, is a series of tensions the sister of Eteocles and Polynices, between various senses of law as form defies the law and buries Polynices. and rule and on the one technique Creon sentences her to death after a hand and various senses of law as the brief trial in which Antigone argues, to of substantial on rendering justice the no avail, that a higher, religious law, other. I am to the tensions referring which commands proper burial for the between rule and between discretion, dead, should be allowed to trump law and justice, between positive law Creon's earth-bound positive law. and natural between law, rule and Disaster ensues for Creon, including standard, between law and equity, the death of both his son and his wife, between strict construction and flexi­ and we are led to understand that he ble construction, between formalism h�s made a terrible mistake. and and so on. realism, Judges lean And yet it is apparent that Creon toward one end of this spectrum or the has a real problem and that the other; my own view is that anyone who dilemma of natural and positive law leans too far either is a bad way judge. that proves insoluble by him remains Literature can make us more sensi­ to challenge modern legal systems. tive to these tradeoffs. I begin with the Because both brothers have been ancient example of Antigone, Sopho­ killed, and honorable burial for both cles' play written in the fifth century would fail to distinguish the traitor B. C. Two brothers, who happen to be from the heroic defender, the denial of the sons of Oedipus, though that is a honorable burial for Polynices is the detail, find themselves on the method opposite only by which Creon can pun­ sides of a civil war in the city state of ish the traitor and distinguish between which is ruled Creon. Thebes, by One the two brothers. It is a harsh punish­ of the is the brothers, Polynices, leader ment, but civil war is harsh, and must of the rebels. The other brother, Eteo-

18 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD be deterred. Against this practical and utilitarian argument based on civic values Antigone opposes an argument based on family, religion, and emo­ tion; the discourse of the two antago­ nists is incommensurable, and no compromise is possible. Much of positive law has the charac­ ter of Creon's decree, being rooted in practical, essentially political consider­ ations. It is often open to criticism from a standpoint that asserts tran­ scendental ethical values. Few judges would like to think of themselves merely as Creons, but equally few would feel comfortable in the role of Antigone. Most judges want on the one hand to enforce and comply with laws and doctrines of a humble utilitar­ ian cast at best and on the other hand to render substantial justice unfettered by the petty political compromises and calculations that shape legislation. Much the same dilemma is dis­ played in a later work of legal drama, 1938 production of The Merchant of Venice with Peggy Ashcroft as Portia and Shakespeare's The Merchant of venice. As John Gielgud as Shylock most readers will remember, Antonio gives Shylock a bond in guarantee of a loan by Shylock to Antonio's friend, black for Antonio until Portia pulls a the loan was interest-free. It is Shylock Bassanio, so that Bassanio can woo the pair of legal rabbits out of her hat. who rejects purposive interpretation wealthy Portia in style. The bond pro­ First, she points out that the bond and stands foursquare on technicality vides that in the event of a default Shy­ nowhere authorizes Shylock to shed and literalism, and Portia who, per­ lock shall be entitled to a pound of Antonio's blood. Second, she reminds sonifying a higher law of equity and Antonio's flesh. Antonio does default everyone that it is a capital offense to mercy, uses Shylock's own commit­ and Shylock demands judgment for attempt to kill a Venetian, which Shy­ ment to technicalities to lever him out the pound of flesh, making clear that lock has already attempted to do, so he of court. he wants it taken from the region of will be lucky to get off with his life. The use that Portia makes of the Antonio's heart, so that Antonio will Everyone is astonished at Portia's forms of law is significant not only in die. The bond is clear on its face; and sagacity. Shylock is defeated and with­ underscoring the difference between Venice, as a commercial society, atta­ draws, after surrendering most of his her and Shylock but also in demon­ ches great importance to enforcing fortune and converting to Christianity, strating the practical importance of contracts-an attachment that Shylock in order to be let off from being prose­ those forms. It would not do for Portia plays on skillfully by asserting that if cuted as a criminal. and the other Venetians simply to say his bond is not enforced, it will mean Many readers have thought Portia's that the bond is ridiculous and Shylock there is no justice in Venice. In the law argument about not shedding blood a villain, therefore the bond should be of the play, there is neither a rule that absurdly legalistic, and highly vulner­ annulled. Venice depended on trade penalty clauses in contracts are unen­ able to the counterargument (which with aliens (such as Shylock-Jews forceable nor a concept of equity of Shylock does not make) that the bond could not be citizens in sixteenth­ redemption. So it looks as if Antonio is should be interpreted to grant Shylock century Venice), and no alien would a goner, even though Bassanio has the implicit right to shed Antonio's trust the Venetian courts if they took come up with the money (it is Portia's blood, since otherwise the purpose of such an approach. A court that merely money) to repay Shylock and offers to the bond would be defeated. But it is does "justice" can be expected to con­ do so-with a huge amount of interest no accident that Shylock does not strue that protean term in a way that to boot. make this argument-an argument gives the locals a big advantage. An At this point in the trial scene Por­ based on purposive rather than literal impersonal, objective, at times inflexi­ tia, who is by now Bassanio' s wife, construction. It would be open to a ble rule-bound jurisprudence is an appears, disguised as a male doctor of devastating counterthrust: the funda­ essential protection precisely for the laws. She appeals to Shylock's sense of mental purpose of the bond is to ensure outsider, the pariah-a point made mercy, but he has none, and so this the repayment of Shylock's loan-and recently by minority legal scholars in appeal fails. Things are looking really there is Bassanio offering to repay it criticism of the radicalism of critical with abundant interest, even though legal studies. Shylock's positivism, like Creon's positivism, is not entirely devoid of social value.

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 19 In both of the examples I have ment think and have succeeded given so, they of ambiguities may be created (as well and others I could the give, in the word "deconstruction" a as spokesmen making eliminated). Suppose we just were for rules and and strict con­ positivism familiar sight in the law reviews. not interested in communication, but struction were and the men, spokes­ Deconstruction is the furthest ex­ simply in the medium, in language. men for and natural law were treme of an equity approach to interpreting Then when you heard me describe the women. An is and interesting question literary philosophical texts that "tree" outside my house, your mind whether more than coincidence is the of the emphasizes primacy reader might wander off to reflections on shoe A involved. number of feminist over the author in the legal creation of mean­ trees, family trees, decision trees, the scholars, Carol as following Gilligan's ing. Just there are intentionalists Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil, pathbreaking book, In a Voice, with to and Different regard statutory constitu­ the Versailles treaty, the Threepenny there is a difference argue "yes," tional interpretation, so there are inten­ Opera, and God knows what else. between the way in which men and tionalists with to regard literary inter­ Deconstruction insists that it is only a women law and it is the differ­ perceive pretation. At the opposite pole in the lit­ convention to value language for its ence captured by and Shake­ domain are those who Sophocles erary believe that communicative potential, that we can speare in their of sex roles is created assignment meaning by readers rather value it for anything we want and to their characters. Men, the than authors. argument Deconstruction gives a therefore if we want to we can focus goes, are drawn to an ethics twist to naturally peculiar this "reader response" on its communication-retarding char­ of and both rights duties, defined by approach by denying the communica­ acteristics: its ambiguities, buried rules, while women are drawn natu­ tive nature of writing. allusions, latent puns, and so forth. to an rally ethics of care, in which dis­ Think for a moment of how we Deconstructionists note disapprov­ putes are not so much resolved as the of imagine process communication ingly that we tend to think of writing dissolved in an concern overriding for I see the tree outside on operates. my the model of speech-that is, as ending disputes on and a mutually accepta­ house, perception forms in my something that brings the reader into ble terms. Now this does not fit mind. If I want picture to recreate the same the presence of the writer-but claim the fanatical unless we in Antigone, go perception your mind, I "encode" that this is merely a metaphor. The further and that suggest impersonal, my perception in suitable words and writer is normally absent (often dead) civic duties, the sort of stressed utter and thing them, you construct your and if we reversed the sequence and by Creon, are alien to the feminine own perception from your understand-. of on the model of . thought speech outlook and carry no in com- of words. weight ing my The communicative writing, we would cease thinking of parison to family ties. For medium thus is The certainly language. decon­ either speech or writing as primarily Antigone puts family-her duty to structionist points out that it is an communicative. her brother-far above state. But the unruly medium. Most words we use What I have described intrigues details of the contrast do not concern have multiple meanings, and when some and revolts others, but the most rather the me, of this line are into sentences all implication they strung sorts important thing about it from my of argument that as women come to play a larger and larger role in law the nature of legal thought itself will change, and we will see more stand­ ards, more flexibility, more equity, fewer dichotomous rules, fewer "hard" cases (in the original sense of harsh decisions), fewer well-defined rights and duties, less individualism and more altruism. Well, we shall see. Let me switch gears and say a word about the interpretation of statutes and the Constitution, when examined from the standpoint of literary interpreta­ tion. Many literary works are severely ambiguous, creating interpretive problems of a kind that literary critics and scholars have been wrestling with for more than 2,500 years; perhaps there are helpful analogies here to the problems of legal interpretation of which we are so sharply conscious today. A number oflegal scholars think so, a prominent example being Ronald Dworkin. Certainly, the radical schol­ ars of the critical legal studies move- Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, by Charles Ricketts A.R.A.,from a 1923 Folio reproduction

20 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD to both that standpoint is that, unlike some other compelling reasons believe the effort to relate law and Macbeth does have children and that aspects of . literature, it really has nothing for the he does not have children. What is seems to be an lawyer or judge. It is one thing to be more, though the result skeptical about the possibility of decod­ intolerable contradiction, no normal is troubled. ing an old or ambiguous or broadly reader or viewer of the play of literature worded statutory or constitutional pro­ Only scholars parse works vision; it is another to decide to treat for contradiction. A normal audience sets aside the provision as an exercise in retard­ is swept up in the drama and ing rather than promoting communi­ its normal expectations of consistency. cation. I think the only reasons Readers of statutes and the Constitu­ deconstruction has obtained currency tion cannot do that. in academic discussion of law are that , But there is at least one type of liter­ it sounds like "destruction," it has ary interpretive problem that has a shock value, and it is alien to lawyers. direct counterpart in law, and that is There are indeed wonderful inter­ the deliberate gap. One of the earliest pretive puzzles in literature, however, and most famous examples is Homer's and some of them have parallels in law, omission in the Iliad of any description but here is one that I contend does not, of Helen of Troy's appearance. Her though Ronald Dworkin and others beauty is conveyed to us obliquely by would disagree. For centuries people the poet's description of the reactions have been worrying about whether of the old men of Troy who watch her Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, in walking about the city. We are never Shakespeare's play, had children. told what she looks like. It would be Although Lady Macbeth at one point quite absurd to try to draw a picture of refers to having nursed a child, there is Helen from the text, just as it was Richard A. Posner is aJudge of the United no indication that she and her demonic absurd for Vladimir Nabokov to draw States Court ofAppealsfor the Seventh Cir­ husband have (living) children. Yet a picture of the bug that the protago­ cuit and a Senior Lecturer at the University when the weird sisters tell Macbeth nist of Kafka's story The Metamorphosis of Chicago Law School. These remarks that Banquo's descendants will rule turns into, when Kafka was careful not were delivered at the Seventh Circuit Judi­ Scotland, Macbeth is fearfully upset to describe it beyond noting that it had cial Conference on May 10, 1988, and are and decides to kill Banquo and Ban­ many legs and a fat awkward body. In drawn from Judge Posner's new book, son. If Macbeth has no both cases the author had reasons for quo's (only) Law and Literature: A Misunder­ children, and therefore does not expect leaving a character undescribed. Simi­ stood Relation, published by Harvard his descendants to rule in any event, larly, the draftsmen oflegislative provi­ University Press. why should he be upset about Ban­ sions frequently make a deliberate quo's posterity? He has nothing decision not to resolve an interpretive, against Banquo, who is loyal to him, question raised by their drafting. or do except the potential rivalry among Maybe they cannot agree, just their descendants. So Macbeth must not want to take the time to redraft the have (or be planning to have) children. bill, or fear that in closing one gap they If the But one just cannot visualize the Mac­ will open additional loopholes. a court be no beths either as parents or as a young gap is deliberate, may couple planning a family. So they must better able to fill it, by interpretation not have children. than a literary critic can describe or and then the Is there any solution to this dilem­ Helen Gregor Samsa, ma? I think not; and although there question is whether the court shall or the case are certainly insoluble statutory and throw up its hands decide constitutional questions, I think they on grounds necessarily not interpretive • are insoluble in a different way. Often in a helpful sense. we do not have enough information to interpret a provision; with the question of the Macbeth progeny we have too much information. We have equally

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 21 Review of R.H. Coase The Firm, the Market and the

. Law

William M. Landes

of which analysis to persuade them to the showed that change way lighthouse services in uses economics to analyze and they traditional law:,' approached subject England were provided by private matter areas Economicexplain legal doctrines, may of economics such as that which well be organizations, tolls, varied the most important innovation social the firm cost, and markets. with the size of and the number in in ships legal scholarship the past fifty· Thus, the term "the Law" in the title of were collected Ronald Coase is the lighthouses passed, years. economist of this volume does not refer to eco­ from ships that docked at British most for this responsible innovation. nomic of law. it refers analysis Rather, ports, and that the was His "The system better essay, Problem of Social to the of how laws study and legal adapted to the needs of shipowners Cost," which first appeared in the institutions constrain and influence than a tax would of Law & Economics supported system Journal nearly economic behavior and how the fail­ have been. is the thirty years ago, single most ure economists to examine these by "The Problem of Social Cost" is influential paper in the brief of constraints history systematically leads to best known for the Coase law and Theorem. economics. This paper A faulty policy conclusions. Coase did not with good Although originate the together Coase's famous papers is the example lighthouse. Economists term "The Coase he on the firm and cost Theorem," marginal pricing use the to illus­ commonly lighthouse defines it in the "Notes on the are the core essay essays in The Firm, the trate the that proposition charging a Problem of Social which Market and the Law. The Cost," was volume also fee for a " service that has written for this important volume, as ... with includes an a introductory essay, paper Ns use public goods aspects (i.e., of zero transaction costs, the value of that responds to the criticisms made of the service pro­ does not prevent B from duction would be the maximized." A social cost paper, a paper on the also is using it) incompatible with eco­ more familiar definition in law of and provision lighthouse services in nomic Private efficiency. provision economics is that the efficient alloca­ and an article England, the would too small an surveying yield output and tion of resources is field of industrial unaffected by the organization in 1972 so the service should be provided by assignment of or liabil­ and areas of property rights proposing research. the government and financed from That ity rules, provided transaction costs are "The Problem of Social Cost" taxation. In general the essay "The zero. Suppose locomotives emit became the block in sparks principal building Lighthouse Economics," Coase that the farmer's for economic damage crops and the analysis of law is one of out that points economists have to reduce the the ironies of only way amount of crop legal scholarship. Coase reached this conclusion with­ policy damage is fewer trains. If did not intend it so. by running Coase had little out ever the studying relevant the railroad is liable for interest in legal damage to the educating lawyers about constraints that the actual governed farmer's crops, crop becomes economics contrast to his damage (in prede­ operation of Coase a cost lighthouses. to the railroad, so it will run the cessor at the law school, Aaron Direc­ number of trains that maximizes the tor) or in using economics to joint value of the two Prior illuminate legal doctrines. Coase enterprises. to Coase, economists believed that in wrote for other economists. He hoped

22 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD for breach of contract will promote efficiency if they reproduce what the parties would have agreed to had they considered the various contingencies at the time the contract was signed. It would be futile and wasteful of resources for contract law to impose a different solution; the parties will sim­ ply contract around the law and there will be fewer value maximizing trans­ actions. Thus, contract law that fol­ lows the parties' intentions saves tran­ saction costs and promotes economic efficiency. 2. When market transaction costs are prohibitive, liability rules play a crucial role in allocating damages and creating incentives for efficient behav­ ior. This is the focus of economic anal­ ysis of tort law. Suppose it is too costly for the railroad and the farmer to transact because there are too many potential parties to deal with and there are serious free rider or hold-out prob­ lems. Or, in the case of automobile accidents, assume it is prohibitively costly for all drivers and pedestrians to on of care. agree in advance levels More generally, if A harms Band transaction costs are prohibitive, legal rules matter and liability rules are preferable to property rights. Liability rules allow "transactions" to take H. Coase Ronald place, but shift them to the legal system because the cost of market transactions is prohibitive. Under a system of liabil­ the driver does not the absence of liability, the railroad ment. Positive transaction costs ity rules, (and to a central in Coase's arti­ with a would run too many trains. Although occupy place can't) negotiate pedestrian the to run him but the railroad's profits would be higher, cle on social cost although economists acquire right down, on if the driver is he will be lia­ the joint value of railroading and farm­ have focused mainly the Coase negligent, cost ble for the victim' s The effi­ ing would be lower because of greater Theorem and the zero transaction injury. costs cient rule on the costs losses to the farmer. Coase showed that world. In contrast, transaction liability depends central role in economic and benefits of accident prevention this view was wrong. In the absence of playa analysis and the costs of the transaction costs, the farmer would of law in two ways.. using legal system. the 1. When transaction costs are For if the least way to offer to pay the railroad to reduce small, example, costly an accident is for the victim to number of trains. Negotiations would legal rules should encourage parties to avoid transac­ alter its the efficient lia­ continue until the same number of engage in voluntary or market activity level, A desires to rule is one of no This trains were run as in the case of rail­ tions. For example, if park bility liability. car in B' s B should be able the victim to alter its activ­ road liability for crop damage. his garage, encourages saves the costs of the In the real world, transaction costs to enjoin P{s activity; this will encour­ ity. and using legal A to with B to rent his On the other hand, if there are are not zero. It is costly to acquire age negotiate system. If the benefits when both information on the attributes of prod­ garage. negotiation succeeds, significant parties is more valuable take a rule is to ucts to be exchanged, to bargain over this means the garage care, negligence likely this means it is more be more efficient. the terms of exchange and to write and to A. If it fails, The of the Coase Theo­ enforce contracts. Sometimes these valuable to B. Granting a property importance law is that to B the rem to economic analysis of costs are so large relative to the gains right yields value-maximizing is to a rule that it a framework for examining from exchange that no transaction outcome and preferable provides rules in the context of both low takes place. Then the initial assign­ allows A to park in B's garage but legal because a ment of rights will be the final assign- holds A liable for damages, market transaction is less costly than adjudicating the dispute in the legal system. To take another example, rules

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 23 and transaction cost high settings. The Whether Coase was successful in best to rules in way explain legal the altering the way economists think former case is to view them as devices about traditional economic problems that shift transactions into the market is debatable. Coase is not optimistic on and from more this away costly legal pro­ point. In his introductory essay, he in the case of ceedings or, disputes aris­ states that "My point of view has not out of to economize on ing contracts, in general commanded assent, nor has the costs of In contracting. the high my argument, for the most part, been transaction cost the market is setting, understood." Even a cursory glance at no longer a cost-justified alternative. the leading economic journals will In this setting, common law rules of bear out the first half of this assertion. are best as efforts liability explained by Economists study firms as abstract to fashion rules that judges promote entities that transform inputs into out­ efficient allocation of resources-i. e., puts or engage in game theoretic stra­ to create incentives for outcomes that tegies to impose costs on their rivals. to that of a zero correspond roughly Markets are analyzed as "shadowy fig­ transaction cost world. The economic ures" that facilitate exchanges. This is analyst does more than develop not the economic world that Coase abstract models. He treats cases and inhabits. His consists of real firms legal doctrines as data to be explained where the cost of market transaction by systematic application of economic determine the boundaries between The analysis. success of economic activities carried on within and outside William M. Landes of law analysis lies in the fact that it the firm, and where markets require appears to explain the "data" better formal and informal rules that depend than ad hoc or on the explanations competing nature of the goods transacted William M. Landes is Clifton R. Musser theories. to facilitate and the expand volume of Professor ofEconomics at the University of exchanges. Chicago Law School. Ronald H. Coase is I do not mean to suggest that Coase Clifton R. Musser Professor Emeritus. has not influenced economists. By one The Firm, The Market and the Law measure-the objective citations of is published by University of Chicago one's work in the work of others­ Press. Coase has had a spectacular influence. His articles on the firm, monopoly of durable goods (not included in this vol­ ume), and social cost are among the most widely cited articles in econom­ ics. What troubles Coase is that he has not influenced economists in the way he would have liked. For the most part, the articles citing Coase are indistin­ guishable from other articles in eco­ nomics. These articles develop formal economic models and work out mathe­ matical solutions to abstract problems but have little to say about the actual behavior of firms and markets. •

24 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD

whole story. Without the imagination A and effort of the Fund's Leadership Message Committee, these impressive results could not have been achieved. The Law School and I, in particular, are from indebted to Barry S. Alberts, Mary D. Allen, Deborah A. Cafaro, Frank Cicero, Jr., James A. Donohoe, Joseph N. DuCanto, Ruth Goldman, The Fund Lillian E. Kraemer, Frank D. Mayer, Jr., Kenneth C. Prince, and Donald S. Samuelson who served so effec­ tively this year. I am also indebted to for the Dean Stone for his creative energies and to Dennis Barden, Director of Development, and Janet Kolkebeck, Assistant Director, for their imagina­ Law School tive assistance throughout the year. I am pleased to report that the I have enjoyed my two years as 1987-88 Fund achieved its goal of Chairman of the Fund. I believe that $1 ,150,000. This represents a 15 per­ we have achieved all of our principal Chairman cent increase from the 1986-1987 objectives and have laid the ground­ Fund and marks the second year in work for others. However, without the which $1,000,000 has been raised. generosity of you and other non­ Those results are all the more gratify­ alumni friends of the Law School, ing in view of the fact that several of these accomplishments would not the nation's leading law schools failed have been possible and for that I to reach their annual fund goals in thank you. what was by all accounts a difficult year for fundraising. Statistics, however, don't tell the Donald E. Egan '61

Comparative Unrestricted Annual Contributions

1986/87 Number of Funds Donors Contributed

Alumni 2,155 $898,440 Friends 247 $1461701 $1,045,141

1987/88 Number of Funds Donors Contributed

Alumni 2,144 $995,076 Friends 288 $155,374 $1,150,450

26 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Leadership Committee

The Law School gratefully acknowledges the the time so generously contributed by Leadership Committee of the Fund for the Law School and by volunteers listed on the following page.

Donald E. Egan '61 Fundfor the Law School Chairman

A. Donohoe '62 Barry S. Alberts '71 Frank Cicero, Jr. '65 James Co-Chair Major Gifts Co-Chair Major Gifts Co-Chair Major Gifts

Kenneth C. Prince '34 Lillian E. Kraemer '64 Frank D. Mayer, Jr. '59 Co-Chair Major Gifts Co-Chair Major Gifts Co-Chair Major Gifts

,A Samuelson ' 6 7 Debra A. Cafaro '82 Ruth G. Goldman '47 Joseph N. Du Canto'55 Don S. Chair Chair Chair Chair Decade the 60s Decade of the 80s Decade of the 40s Decade of the 50s of the 70s Not Pictured Mary D. Allen '72 Chair Decade of

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 27 1987-88 Volunteers

Leadership Committee David L. James '60 Alumni Association Regional ' Barry S. Alberts 71 Donald W. Jenkins '72 Presidents ' Mary D. Allen 72 Thomas N. Jersild ' 61 Stephen A. Land '60, Atlanta Debra A. Cafaro '82 Paul F. Jock II '70 Kenneth C. Prince '34, Chicago Frank Cicero, Jr. '65 Stanley A. Kaplan '33 Robert L. Seaver '64, Cincinnati ' James A. Donohoe '62 Thomas L. Karsten 39 Richard H. Siegel '60, Cleveland Joseph N. Du Canto' 55 Harold A. Katz '48 James A. Donohoe '62, Dallas ' ' Donald E. Egan 61 Steven A. Kersten 80 Edward]. Roche, Jr. '76, Denver Ruth G. Goldman '47 Marilyn G. Klawiter '80 Miles Jaffe' 50, Detroit Lillian E. Kraemer '64 Thomas]. Kosco ' 84 Michael Nussbaum '61, District of ' Frank D. Mayer, Jr. 59 Douglas M. Kraus '73 Columbia ' Kenneth C. Prince 34 Scott]. Lederman ' 82 Diane Erickson '75, Honolulu Don S. Samuelson '67 Louis W. Levit ' 46 Mont P. Hoyt '68, Houston ' Mark S. Lieberman 59 Joel M. Bernstein '69, Los Angeles Volunteers Nancy A. Lieberman '79 Paul M. Stokes' 71, Miami ' Frederic]. Artwick 70 Marjorie P. Lindblom '78 Edwin P. Wiley J52, Milwaukee Steven L. Bashwiner '66 Stuart M. Litwin '85 Duane W. Krohnke ' 66, Stephen H. Bauer '65 Marjorie]. MacLean '86 Minneapolis/St. Paul Marc 0. Beem, Jr. '65 Donald A. Mackay '61 Douglas M. Kraus '73, New York ' ' Joel M. Bernstein '69 Richard L. Marcus 62 Martin Wald 64, Philadelphia ' Stanley B. Block' 5 7 Joseph D. Mathewson 76 Richard M. Botteri ' 71, Portland ' Fern C. Bomchill '72 James]. McClure, Jr. 49 Henry]. Mohrman '73, St. Louis , Michael T. Brody 83 Laurel]. McKee '64 Jerold H. Goldberg '73, San Diego Michael L. Brody '79 Pamela M. Meyerson '83 Roland E. Brandel '66, San Denise B. Caplan '83 Robert]. Minkus '79 Francisco Max L. Chill '35 Deborah H. Morris '77 Gail P. Runnfeldt ' 79, Seattle James]. Clarke II '74 Portia O. Morrison '78 ' Michael G. Cleveland 74 Ellen C. Newcomer '73 ' Sherman P. Corwin 41 Emily Nicklin '77 William H. Cowan ' 71 G. ' Hope Nightingale 81 Law School ' University of Chicago Robert W. Crowe '49 Allan R. Orschel 64 ' Development Staff Charles F. Custer 58 ' George W. Overton, Jr. 46 Dennis Barden L. Davis ' 85 ' Jeffrey David Parson 47 Assistant Dean and Director ' ' of Ronald DeKoven 68 Keith I. Parsons 3 7 Development F. Ellen Duff' 80 Marshall Patner' 56 Janet Kolkebeck CharlesL. Edwards '65 Mildred G. Peters' 49 Assistant Director ' of Development Edna S. 73 Epstein George A. Ranney, Jr. '66 White ' Joan I. Fieldman 84 Ritchie ' 63 Jonathan ]. Timothy Development Assistant Ward P. Fisher' 52 Harold S. Russell '62 For inquiries regarding this Honor Arnold M. Flamm' 50 L. ' 59 George Saunders, Jr. Roll, call Janet Kolkebeck at (312) Richard T. Franch '67 John]. Scott, Jr. '75 702-9627. James C. Franczek '71 James A. Serritella' 71 Burton E. Glazov '63 Robert L. Shapiro '33 ' Harold L. Goldman 47 Gerald]. Sherman ' 62 ' Ronald B. Grais 68 Jack M. Siegel '51 David R. Greenbaum '76 Thelma Brook Simon ' 40 Jean R. Haynes '81 Wendi Sloane-Weitman '82 Kathleen M. Hennessey '85 Sherwin]. Stone ' 50 ' John T. Hickey, Jr. 77 Barry Sullivan '74 David C. Hilliard '62 James E. Tancula '82 84 ' 79 Kevin]. Hochberg' Theodore]. Theophilos You can find a Law School Trivia Carrie K. Huff '85 Robert R. Watson '72 Quiz through the pages of the M. Huff '76 Claire A. Weiler '83 Roger Honor Roll. Have fun ' testing Charles E. Hussey II 58 Thomas A. Witt '77 your knowledge of the Law Maurice H. '52 William A. Zolla '65 Jacobs School and its history with these '75 L. Zubrow '79 John]. Jacobsen, Jr. Barry ten Answers are on ' questions. Jeffrey Jahns 71 page 68.

28 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Law School Fellows ($5,000 and Above)

Muriel Anne E. Kutak '62 Maurice Rosenfield' 38 #Altheimer & Gray *Maurice F. '42 and ' Robert Kutak #Ruth Wyatt Rosenson Arthur H. Anderson, Jr. 70 Fulton #The J. Foundation #Rudnick & Wolfe 1. Axelrad' 39 #Gardner Carton & Douglas Irving ' *Elisabeth and William M. Charles D. Satinover 30 Baker & McKenzie #Federal Republic of Germany L. '59 * E. Landes *George Saunders,Jr. Ingrid L. Beall' 56 Adrienne G. and Burton "Peter D. Lederer' 57 #Sarah Scaife Foundation *Doris G. and Stuart Bernstein Glazov'63 Gould Paul H. '30 and Theo #Seyfarth Shaw Fairweather & '47 #Estate of Benj.amin Z. Leffmann Geraldson #Harry & Maribel G. Blum '37 of Wendell M. Levi' 15 *Mitchell S. Shapiro '64 Foundation Harold J. Green' 28 #Estate 32 *Edward H. '35 and Kate S. *Barry C. Skovgaard '80 #Nathan and Emily S. Blum #Estate of Frank Greenberg' ' Head Levi #Sonnenschein Carlin Nath & Foundation #C. J. 52 and Elizabeth B. Rosenthal * #Lord Bissell & Brook Walter J. Blum' 41 '52 D. Mathewson '76 #Abe L. Stein *Charles W. Boand '33 Richard A. Heise '61 Joseph * Laurel McKee' 64 #John N. Stern and Bradley #David B. Heller J. #Lynde Harry ' ' * D. 3 7 and S. Haberman Stern Foundation Leo Herzel 52 Bernard Jean #Judith '65 Meltzer #Jerome H. Stone #Chicago Community Trust Lawrence T. Hoyle, Jr. Educational Affairs *Thomas R. '28 #The Norman H. Stone Family Betty S. Christian #Institute for Mulroy Nachman '32 Foundation "Frank Cicero, Jr. '65 #Joseph Isenbergh Norman H. *Laurence N. '68 ' Stuart C. Nathan Strenger Frank H. 31 and Katherine #Isham Lincoln & Beale #JoAnn and E. Tallent '62 Detweiler *George B. Javaras '64 '65 Stephen #Fritz Thyssen Stiftung #Estate of Earl B. Dickerson '20 Burton W. Kanter '52 Phil C. Neal ' * Nussbaum' 55 Edward R. Vrdolyak '63 Isaiah S. Dorfman 31 #Peter P. Karasz '65 and Bernard J. Nussbaum '61 *Charlotte P. and Roger A. Constance and Joseph N. Du Marilyn Sobel Michael Inc. Weiler '52 Canto '55 #Charles H. Kellstadt Trust #John M. Olin Foundation, Elaine Kersten Pritzker Charitable Fund #Estate of Gilda H. Weiss #Nancy G. '46 and Raymond G. #Samuel D. and #The Susan *Marc R. Wilkow '74 Feldman '45 Spencer L. and Kathryn M. #NicholasJ. '75 and * Marc 0. 80 B. Mark' 56 and Barbara V. Kimball Pritzker Wolinsky' IS. K. Yee Foundation, Inc. Fried '57 #Kirkland & Ellis Foundation #Margot L. and Thomas J. Pritzker '76 #James L. Zacharias '35 *Herbert B. '32 and Marjorie Howard R. Koven '47 B. Fried *Howard G. Krane '57 Andrew M. '78 and Betsy Rosenfield John M. Friedman, Jr. '70

Dean's Fellows ($2,500-$4,999)

* ' and C. Bruce R. MacLeod '73 Geoffrey R. Stone 71 *Jean Allard '53 Deborah C. '72 James ' , N. '68 * 71 Richard L. Marcus '62 John Tierney Ronald J. Aronberg 5 7 Franczek ' *Maurose Fund Inc. #Estate of Chester D. #Michael D. Bailkin 70 *Cardle and Joseph H. Golant Tripp *Frank D. '59 and Linda M. L. Wentz '63 Alice H. and Paul M. Bator '65 Jack Thomas W. Yoder' 52 Karl M. Becker '68 Richard L. Grand-Jean '67 Mayer, Jr. Meltzer Foundation *Steven S. Bowen '72 and Ellen 1. Frank Harlow' 43 A. '49 and Naomi S. C. Newcomer '73 *Jean R. '81 and Thomas B. John Morris William R. Brandt' 50 Haynes '81 *Bernard '21 and Ruth S. Nath #Chicago Bar Foundation Elmer M. Heifetz '37 ' * C. Neal #George J. Cotsirilos 42 Harold L. Henderson' 64 Stephen ' Leslie F. Nute '66 *James M. Cowley '65 George A. Hisert, Jr. 70 ' Ordower '34 "Kenneth W. Dam '57 James C. Hormel 58 Benjamin Kenneth C. Prince' 34 Charles L. Edwards '65 Maurice H. Jacobs' 52 Gerald Ratner' 3 7 *Donald E. Egan '61 #Jerome S. '41 and Miriam #William P. Richmond' 59 Patrick J. Ellingsworth' 74 Katzin *MrS. Maurice Rosenthal Roberta G. Evans '61 James F. Kelley '66 ' *Lawrence E. Rubin '70 Richard I. Fine 64 Lillian E. Kraemer '64 * , 52 *Douglas M. Kraus '73 A. Bruce Schimberg 35 Julian H. '31 and Marjorie R. Sam Schoenberg'

. Restricted Levi #Estate of Leo Spitz' 10 # gift Restricted and unrestricted gifts r Deceased

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 29 Law School Associates ($1,000-2,499) ] Anonymous (2) *Lewis M. Collens '66 Michael Estate of Gordon '65 Leland E. Charles Aaron K. Hutchinson '73 John Connor '60 Thomas A. S. Gottschalk '67 Carolyn and William L. Arthur L. Content' #Hyman J. Krause Memorial 54 Frank M. Grazioso '64 Achenbach '67 Foundation Inc. D. '64 Josef Cooper Donald M. Green' 58 Howard ' Charles C. Ivie '70 Adler, Jr. '51 Corinblit 49 Jack David R. Greenbaum '76 Barry S. Alberts '71 Miles Jaffe' 50 David L. Crabb '63 The M. Alex Mayer Greenberg 71 John Robert W. Crowe '49 Jeffrey Jahns' Foundation ' Alexander and ' Thomas N. ersild Baldwin, Inc. Max Davidson 3 7 J 61 Daniel B. ' Albert H. Allen '30 Greenberg '65 Daniel E. 5 7 Hendrik De '69 Johnson Jong W. Guittard '67 ' Eleanor B. Alter *Stephen Elliott A . 31 #The of Johnson Decalogue Society *Robert V. ' Stuart A. Applebaum '60 Gunderson, Jr. '79 David J. Joyce 66 Lawyers #Randall B. Haberman Gregory K. '75 and Karen W. *Joel H. '69 Peter M. Barnett '15 and Anne Susan Kaplan C. Haddad Karen Arenson E. J. Kaplowitz' 71 Dewey '75 William N. "Simon H. Haddad H. '73 and L. D. Marilyn and Thomas L. Virginia Terry Diamond '63 L. Aronson '75 Bryce Hamilton' 28 Karsten '39 Robert E. Don '62 *Richard M. Harter R. '68 and '61 Miriam H. Keare '33 Janet John D. A. Donohoe '62 ' James *Laura G. '77 and Ashcroft 6 7 Michael R. Daniel P. '65 Gene E. '67 Kearney Dye Hassan '74 ' Elizabeth C. and Irwin Keenan 83 J. *Frank H. Easterbrook '73 Jeffrey J. James E. '61 Askow'38 Alex ' Hautzinger James E. Kelley '66 Elson 28 Howard G. G. Hawkins, Jr. '41 L. Kerr Douglas Baird A. #Peggy '73 Cheryl Engelmann '82 Howard M. Heitner '82 Wallace R. ' R. Baker Allen C. tPaul Kitch '35 Engerman 58 *Richard H. Helmholz Eleanor S. and Morton J. Stephen E. Kitchen '69 Barnard '27 *Lorenz F. Koerber, Jr. '42 ' Steven L. Bashwiner '66 Abe Krash 49 John R. Beard '67 *Duane W. Krohnke '66 Gordon A. Becker II '65 #Mary Jane K. and Philip B. Renato Beghe ' 54 Kurland Dale E. Beihoffer '68 *H. Douglas Laycock '73 Stuart B. Belanoff ' 5 7 Philip C. Lederer '35 Lee F. Benton '69 Laurence R. Lee ' 51 Richard B. 5 7 #Janet G. and Rex E. Lee '63 Berryman' 1. The ' Blum tie contest has ' George P. Blake 61 Wally Morris I. Leibman 33 become a ' Morris Blank '31 regular feature of the Milton A. Levenfeld 50 annual Over the Joseph D. Bolton '74 and Alison Hump party. When #Daniel E. Levin '53 W. Miller '76 was the first contest? #Dorothy R. Levitan Roland E. Brandel '66 (a) 1948; (b) 1963; (c) 1973; (d) 1981. Robert M. Lichtman' 55 Alan R. Brodie' 54 *Mark S. Lieberman' 59 Richard J. Bronstein ' 74 Nancy A. Lieberman '79 *David N. Brown '66 #Golda and Ivan Lippitz Edwin S. Brown '67 Alfred R. Lipton '66 Ralph E. Brown' 53 Carl S. Lloyd ' 20 Peter W. Bruce' 70 *William F. Lloyd '75 George F. Bruder '63 #Frederick C. '80 and Lynn T. Richard D. Buik ' 77 Lowinger C. John Buresh '70 Jo Desha Lucas William G. Burns '31 P. Hans P. '67 *George Felleman '67 '32 Lundgaard ' Sidney J. Hess, Jr. Laurence A. Carton '47 Gail P. Fels 65 Donald A. and John T. Hickey, Jr. '77 Margaret M. Gerhard and Estate of Morris E. ' Regina Casper Feiwell 15 David C. Hilliard '62 Mackay'61 Hammond E. Chaffetz R. Fine' Mark C. Mamolen ' 77 Stanley 50 Albert F. Hofeld '64 ' Jr. *Nancy G. '78 and Peter R. Daniel 49 Robert D. Martin '69 Fogel George C. '28 and Ines C. Chaffetz '78 Ethan Estate of Paul E. J. Friedman '83 Hoffmann' 28 Mathias '27 & Cutler #Robert S. Friend' 31 F. '32 Chapman Irene S. '73 and Oliver L. John McCarthy Samuel D. R. Clapper' 71 Roger Fross '65 Holmes '73 *James J. McClure, Jr. '49 ' John M. Clear '74 Francis Gerlits 58 * #Helen C. and Robert J. Richard K. Hooper' 56 Cohen T. Gibson '29 #Jerry James '52 Rodrigo J. Howard' 82 McDougal, Jr. Peter Cohen '82 Robert C. Gobelman ' 58 A. '70 J. "Ellen and Lawrence Howe '48 Terry McIlroy Thomas A. Cole '75 Gene E. '63 ' Robert E. McKee '64 Godley Charles E. Hussey II 58 John M. Coleman '78 Perry B. Goldberg '60 #Patricia R. McMillen '83 Larry M. Goldin '79 Ethel McQuistion ' Harold L. 47 and Ruth G. Thomas A. McSweeny '65 Goldman '47

30 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Scorza' 82 #Francesca Turner K. '79 Gerald M. Penner '64 *Thomas]. Jacques Meguire ' '70 P. Seidler 73 Francis E. Vergata W. '71 and M. #Claire E. Pensyl '78 Marc #James Shelly ' L. Verveer '69 A . Serritella 71 Philip Mercer '70 Mildred G. Peters '49 James Rosen & Katz Gerald Sherman' 62 Wachtell Lipton #Peter H. Merlin *Donald A. Petrie '47 J. ' M. Sherman '48 Maurice Walk '21 Life Insurance George J. Phocas 53 Nancy #Metropolitan Helen M. and Maurice S. Gore Pomaranc *James H. Shimberg '49 Company #Sophie '35 ' Allen M. 48 Weigle David B. '65 Herbert Portes 36 Singer' Midgley Roberta M. M. Slavin '64 #Gordon L. and K. '84 and Maurice E. Pope Ballard Shepard & Fowle Stephen Mary Weil * 52 Daniel C. Smith' 40 Miller '83 Alexander H. ' Pope' 73 Tefft W. Smith' 71 Neil S. Weiner Stanford Miller' 38 #Helen Puttkammer *Richard M. Weinroth '83 C. Ramo '67 and Harry B. Lee M. Mitchell '68 #Roberta #BrankaJ. ' ' Robert L. Weiss 48 A. '66 Sondheim 5 7 *G. Paul Moates' 75 George Ranney, Jr. ' ' W. Ira T. Wender 48 Robert H. Mohlman '41 M. Ratcliffe 50 #Myndl Spector James '61 Harold E. '37 "Donald M. Wessling Mone '65 Laurence Reich' 53 Spencer Peter]. Foundation Charles D. Stein' 48 "The Whistler Thomas D. '65 W. Renz '75 Morgan Greg '74 Saul I. Stern' 40 #James S. Whitehead *Elaine and Norval R. Morris Richard' 38 Jerome '52 #Lorna P. Straus "Edwin P. Wiley Paul E. Moses '52 James R. Richardson '69 Life Insurance Co. John P. Wilkins '69 Gerald F. Munitz '60 ]. Timothy Ritchie '63 #Supreme ' * 76 C. Wilson '66 Frederic P. Roehr III 58 Michael]. Sweeney' Voyle JohnJ: Naughton '49 C. Swidler '30 Barry S. Wine '67 Donald R. Newkirk '48 Judith L. Rose '82 Joseph Kenneth R. Talle '69 Carl E. Witschy '77 *Karl F. Nygren '51 #Eric M. Rosenfeld '59 P. Tatelman Helen E. Witt' 82 Robe'rt H. O'Brien '33 *Walter Roth' 52 #Harry ' Ann and Arnold R. Wolff '86 Marvin T. Tepperman 49 0' & Cathryn Ruggeri ' Melveny Myers * Donald Yellon 48 ' Alfred B. Teton' 36 J. Orf 79 Paul T. Ruttum '72 Roger '76 Thomas M. Thomas '35 #Mark C. Zaander #Irving H. Paley #Dennis P. Ryan Elizabeth B. and Theodore D. Morton H. Zalutsky '60 #Gary H. Palm '67 Steven J. Sacher' 6 7 Tieken '33 Michael W. Zavis '61 S. Palmer #Bernard Sang' 35 #Eugene ' * Eva and Hans Zeisel ' Kenneth S. Tollett 5 5 D. Parker 46 Frederick Sass, Jr.: 32 Barrington E. Zimmerman '49 ' *Charles S. Treat '80 John Keith I. Parsons 3 7 Mark S. Sauter' 79 Tsubota '67 Joseph T. Zoline '35 M. Patinkin '75 #Bruce H. Schoumacher '66 Junjiro]. Hugh William A. Zolla '65 Russell M. Pelton, Jr. '63

Dean's Associates ($500-$999)

v.I.P. Club V. Gilhooly' 59 #JohnineJ. Brown'77 Electronic John Anonymous (1) , Lommen D. 32 Lewis R. Ginsberg' 56 William H. Abbott '28 John]. Buckley, Jr. '72 Eley H. '73 ' Richard R. '61 Douglas Ginsburg Morris B. Abram 40 #Michael T. Buckley '81 Elledge '73 Drusilla G. David W. Ellis' 67 *Jerold H. Goldberg Adams Fox Adelstein & Rosen #Philip T. '63 and '50 William R. '37 *Edwin H. Goldberger F. Adams '77 Carter Emery *John Ronald B. Grais '68 and A. Maurice S. Emmer '78 #American Airlines, Inc. Donald R. '76 Sally * Adam O. Emmerich' 85 Robert W. Gray '65 #Gordon C. Atkinson '81 Cassling '76 Robert M. Green '57 ' Eric 69 L. 73 and Max L. Chill '35 ]. Engstrom' Mary Azcuenaga Krauss & and Donald M. '55 Greenberger Jacobs Ronald G. Carr '73 Michael E. Chubrich '72 Ephraim Ernest 47 Saunders' 71 Warren P. Eustis' 53 Greenberger' Michael F. Baccash '73 Donna P. . R. Grimes '55 '83 *C. Curtis Everett '57 John L. Baillie '67 Deborah A. Claflin James Halama '65 P. Falk '68 William A. H. Baker '73 *Robert C. Claus '57 John #Gary , G. Hallemeesch '62 Coase Y. 66 Willy Sheldon I. Banoff' 74 #Marian and Ronald H. Terry Feiertag Handelman '65 A. Daniel Feldman '55 Joel L. M. Barash '62 Langdon A. Collins' 56 Barry M. '63 #Burton E. Feldman Thomas Haney *Bonnie A. Barber '75 John A. Cook '47 ' Donald M. Hawkins '47 L. Cook '73 Laurie N. Feldman 84 and M. Barnes' 39 *Rand ' Paul 74 G. Gilles '84 Stephen L. Haynes * Robert B. Barnett' 71 Richard A. Cordray '86 Stephen and Richard L. Fenton '78 James H. '70 Margaret Steve M. Barnett- '66 Stephen C. Curley '69 Hedden '70 L. Dakin '64 E. Fertik '81 Drs L. Baumgartner '79 Jorn #Philip ' * "Walter Hellerstein 70 ' Sharon S. and Steven Fiffer Lowell H. Bennett 50 C. Davis '76 and George J. Holly Henderson '69 '76 *Susan A. I. '68 L. Kovac '76 Joseph Bentley Herbst' 64 Sherman D. '65 David I. "Robert M. '66 #Kenneth C. Davis Fogel Berger Herman ' Richard T. Franch '67 #Joseph * Berman 79 Christopher C. De Muth '73 Kenneth]. ' Herson '72 Ellen A. Fredel 79 StephenJ. Allan E. Biblin '62 Samayla Deutch '64 ' Freed '62 David C. Bogan '72 Timothy W. Diggins 83 Michael]. Fried Daniel I. Booker' 71 Aaron Director #Jeffrey , ' Mich�el R. '71 "Robert H. Bork 53 John D. Donlevy 5 7 Friedberg '38 Edward D. Friedman' 3 7 William M. Brandt' 41 George T. Donoghue, Jr. ' Alvin Fross' 51 # Restricted gift Neil S. Braun '77 Frank C. Dunbar III 64 , ' Restricted and Alderman 31 #Scott D. 79 and Sherry W. *Roger T. Brice '73 Dystrup Gilbert '78 unrestricted gifts #James E. Brown '83 and r = Deceased Gretchen A. Winter '83

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 31 *Leon M. Liddell * Ann E. Salitsky and Richard L ' "Lance E. '78 and Marjorie P. Schmalbeck 75 2. We all know it as The Pevsner. Lindblom ' 78 Don S. Samuelson '67 What is the correct title of the Charles E. Lindell' 52 *John A. Schlickman '78 sculpture in the reflecting pool? #Kenneth W. Lipman '74 Bernard A. Schlifke '65 Solaman G. Lippman '36 Kenneth R. Schmeichel' i3 *Robert L. Lofts '59 Frank L. Schneider '62 ' John D. and Catherine T. Harry H. Schneider, Jr. 79 MacArthur Foundation F. Max Schuette' 50 Neal D. Madden ' 71 "Donald L. '74 and Susan J. ' Marcy]. Mandel '81 Schwartz 74 Thomas M. Mansager '63 John]. Scott, Jr. '75 ' Michael J. Marks '63 Larry P. Scriggins 61 ' David E. Mason ' 64 Charles O. Sethness 3 7 Barbara W. '68 and T. Michael William L. Sharp '64 ' Mather '68 Timothy Shouvlin 76 #Kathryn McCary '81 Donald L. Shulman '68 Robert A. McCord '48 Raymond I. Skilling '62 ' Timothy V. McGree 73 *Mark W. Smith '81 #John A. McLees '74 Payton Smith' 5 7 * , Larry H. McMillin '76 Frederick]. 79 and Priscilla C. #Stanley H. Meadows' 70 Sperling '79 #David R. Melton '77 Ann E. '72 and James E. Daniel]. Meltzer and Ellen M. Spiotto '72 Semonoff Byron E. Starns, Jr. '69 * "Pamela M. Meyerson '83 Henry L. Stern' 50 #Holly H. and Neal S. Millard Herbert]. Stern '61 '72 John I. Stewart, Jr. '75 Byron S. '37 and Jeanette R. David M. Stigler '68 (a) Time and Space Continuum; Miller '37 Sherwin J. Stone' 50 M. Strauss '81 Dance to·the Music of Michael Mills '74 *Jeffrey (b) Time; ' , Robert S. Milnikel 53 Leslie A. Stulberg 78 (c) Construction in Space in the Henry J. Mohrman, Jr. '73 *Barry '74 and Winnifred F. Third and Fourth Dimension; Robert D. Morgan '37 Sullivan '76 Interdimensional Connections (d) Jules Moskowitz '69 William R. Sullivan, Jr. '71 Time. in Space and Morrie Much '62 James E. Tancula '82 Samuel S. Mullin '76 Kenneth M. Taylor, Jr. '79 *Donna M. Murasky '72 Robert A. Thorsen '37 Thomas C. Hill '73 Anne G. Kimball '76 PaulM. Murphy '77 JohnJ. '73 and Ricki R. Tigert *Harold C. '69 and Linda R. Thomas D. Kitch '69 *MitchellJ. Nelson '73 '76 ' Hirshman '69 Marilyn G. Klawiter '80 Kenneth B. Newman '64 Ronald L. Tonidandel 58 #Howard B. Hodges *James L. Knoll '67 William O. Newman '52 John B. Truskowski '70 * Case Hoogendoorn '69 Peter R. Kolker '66 Thomas L. Nicholson' 55 Allen M. Turner '61 Allan Horwich '69 Peter Kontio '73 Emily Nicklin '77 Roger D. '76 and Sally D. "Edwin E. Huddleson III '70 * Robert J. Kopecky '79 Hope G. Nightingale '81 Turner '76 and Andra Oakes ' 71 * Alan M. Koral '75 Robert E. Nord '72 Robert E. Ulbricht' 58 Carrie K. Huff '85 Elbert J. Kram '66 #John K. Notz, Jr. Thomas Unterman '69 *Roger M. Huff '76 David S. Kreisman' 63 Stephen F. O'Byrne '77 David J. Vandermeulen '85 ' #Samuel M. Hung '84 Herbert W. Krueger, Jr. '74 Edward T. O'Dell, Jr. '60 Paul W. Voegeli 71 Louis A. Huskins '68 * Andrew '77 and Dana H. Kull Oak Brook Bank' Robert]. Vollen '64 Marc R. Isaacson '71 '77 *Dallin H. Oaks '57 Alan S. Ward '55 ' *David B. Jaffe '81 Peter A. Kurer '76 Herman Odell' 36 *Harold A. Ward III 55 ' ' David L. James 60 Richard Langerman 61 Richard N. Ogle '61 Clifford L. Weaver '69 *David A. Jenkins '78 Peter F. Langrock '60 Janet D. Olsen '81 *Robert F. Weber '75 ' Carroll Johnson ' 36 Leslie L. Larson 75 #Barbara and Richard D. Ostrow Claire A. Weiler '83 * ' John A. Johnson '69 #Layfer, Cohen Handelsman & Albert L. Parks '61 Peter L. Wellington 77 Norman E. Jorgensen '43 Mora, Ltd. Roger J. Patterson '81 Lawrence E. Wieman '84 , #John Jubinsky 59 Richard S. Leaman' 79 #Perry Weyand Perry Hubert L. Will '37 Kansas State Bank and Trust Susan M. Lee' 79 and Robert]. Lee T. Polk' 70 BobbieJo '78 and James D. Company Minkus '79 Marvin E. Pollock '56 Winship Noel Kaplan '63 Clyde M. Leff '80 H. Le Baron Preston' 72 #Erich P. '74 and Susan A. Wise Sidney Kaplan '64 Stanford Levey Kenneth L. Pursley '65 '74 ' Kathleen G. '84 and Scott B. Richard H. Levin' 3 7 *George D. Ramspeck 49 George E. Wise '48 Kapnick '85 Robert M. Levin '67 Robert N. Reid' 30 Maynard I. Wishner '47 Samuel A. Karlin '29 Louis W. Levit' 46 Richard M. Rieser, Jr. '68 George H. Wu '75 Arnold J. Karzov '62 Samuel R. Lewis, Jr. '37 Robert H. Riley '78 *Joseph H. Young '84 #Nicholas deB. Katzenbach Glen S. Lewy '74 *Carol M. Rose '77 Barry L. Zubrow '79 #Donald R. '36 and Margaretha Edward I. Rothschild M. Kerr

32 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Century Associates ($100-$499)

A. Braun '67 #Robert M. Axelrod '74 #Jeremy A. Berman '81 Geoffrey Anonymous (4) and Michael A. '69 Frank C. Bernard' 30 Carol M. '72 #Mark N. Aaronson '69 and #Frederick W. Axley ' S. Bernstein' 78 Braun '72 E. Gelb '70 #Oliver V. Axster 54 Donald Marjorie Braverman '81 '66 M. Bernstein '69 Bruce E. Joseph]. Abbell '34 Stephen L. Babcock Joel ' L. Brennwasser '27 ' L. Berra '84 Rhea David Abelman 85 George E. Badenoch 66 Jose Briloff ' Richard I. '68 and Christopher S. Berry' 76 #Abraham]. #Amy L. Abrams 82 Badger Inge ' ' Berthelot Matthew E. Brislawn 59 Howard B. Abrams '66 Fryklund 79 #Jean ' '81 William E. Bertholf, '53 #Steven F. Brockhage Norman Abrams '55 Arthur J. Baer, Jr. 51 Jr. ' Broderick '67 '85 and Frederick W. Bessette 74 James A. Sidney P. Abramson '60 Paula M. Bagger James ' E. Betke '66 A. Brodkey '54 Peter Achermann '60 T. Vradelis 85 James Hugh ' 83 III 76 H. Biederman '71 Michael T. Brody' #David]. Achtenberg '73 Frederick]. Bailey Jerry L. '67 Henri L. Bromberg III Fred M. Ackerson '80 Roger A. Baird '38 James Billinger ' C. Binder '72 Juanita Bromberg Anita and Kenneth L. Adams David R. Baker 82 Wendy 66 David A. Bronner '73 M. Baker' 72 Charles C. Bingaman' '70 Samuel ' '79 Robert Bronstein 51 Neil H. Adelman '60 Thomas A. Baker '74 Donald]. Bingle E. Brower '76 and Ellen '65 R. Bird '77 #John Barry E. Adler '85 Dennis R. Baldwin *James *Mark R. Bires Higgins '74 *Marion B. Adler '82 Sharon Baldwin' 75 79 Alan C. Brown '81 79 Bales '70 George F. Bishop' Thomas W. Albrecht' Sara]. ' and Elizabeth A. ' Barton A. '81 and Kim F. David R. 78 Alexander 73 #Lance C. Balk '84 Joseph ' ' Bixenstine 82 Brown '79 Thomas R. Alexander 48 James M. Ball '74 *Michael W. Blair '81 #Joanne E. Brown '85 William H. Alexander '29 #Judith E. Ball '67 *Ross W. Blair '85 Mabel W. Brown' 41 T. Allan' Thomas A. Balmer '77 Harry 59 L. Brubaker '72 ' Alan H. Blankenheimer '76 #Robert David W. Allen 75 Joseph S. Balsamo' 52 Michael W. Blaszak '76 McKnight Brunn' 49 David M. Allen' 72 E. Banchero '77 Jeffrey McPheeters & ' Robert S. Blatt' 52 #Bryan, Cave, Mary D. Allen 72 Anthony H. Barash '68 Blitz '69 McRoberts '76 Andrew L. Barber' 79 and Harvey E. #Thomas J. Allen ' Block '67 Lorens Q. Brynestad 61 Alexander C. Allison '63 Mary E. Kazimer '85 Neal]. R. Buchenroth '74 ' B. Block' 5 7 *Stephen Paul]. Allison 51 *Courtenay Barber, Jr. Stanley David M. '69 Willis R. Buck, Jr. '84 A. Allwine Dennis M. and Marlon Barden Blodgett #Wayne ' 77 Catherine W. Bullard '29 '78 W. Barnard '75 #Douglas C. Blomgren *JohnJ. Almond, Jr. #Jayne ' V. Bobrinskoy, Jr. 59 Daniel H. Burd '83 Jeffrey Alperin '84 Carey S. Barney '82 *George W. Bock '86 Edward M. Burgh '64 P. Alschuler '60 Karl R. Barnickol III '66 Darilyn Benjamin ' Martin N. Burke III '62 ' W. Daniel 65 Alschuler 35 Paul W. Barrett '27 Boe, Jr. Sam ' T 44 Richard W. Burke' 58 Peter A. Altabef '83 *James E. Bartels '74 George Bogert '68 and S. Hugh A. Burns '55 Alfred C. Aman, '70 *Philip H. Bartels '74 Danny J Judith Jr. Burns '73 ' '69 W. Anderson 84 Fred H. Bartlit '23 Boggs Jean Barbara]. E. Burns '74 ' Bartsch '77 Richard W. Bogosian' 62 John #Bryan S. Anderson 86 and #Ann V. *Fern C. Bomchill '72 Charles R. Bush '67 Melissa A. Plotsky Victor Bass '73 L. Bond' 65 Thomas F. Bush, Jr. '79 C. David Anderson '67 #Patrick B. Bauer '75 and Andy ' Kenneth V. Butler' 59 Christine M. Luzzie 75 A. Bonderman '68 R. Anderson '82 Judith ' Lyle ' M. Caditz 52 ' Gerardo M. Boniello 70 Allan Mark D. Anderson 7 7 Marc L. Baum '84 Kurt Borchardt '37 Debra A. Cafaro '82 Terence Anderson '64 #Lori I. '84 and Todd A. J. ' Richard M. Botteri 71 Bruce D. Campbell '62 Charles R. Andrews '58 Bauman '84 W. Bowden' 53 William]. Candee IV '86 L. Andrus '76 Lawrence G. Becker' 64 John Joseph Canon '84 '55 Bowe '67 Karen J. Milton S. Applebaum '33 Charles T Beeching, Jr. William]. Harold H. Bowman '51 Jack P. Caolo '70 David L. '78 Jack D. Beem '55 Applegate Randall E. '78 ' '75 #Bruce W. Boyd '84 Cape #Terry S. Arbit 83 *Marc 0. Beem, Jr. D. Bradbury' 72 David A. Caprera '79 #Bennett Archambault #Jack M. Beermann '83 Timothy Charles R. Brainard' 58 Thomas Carlin '25 Leonard P. Aries '32 Behr '67 Joel '81 Steve A. Brand '73 Thomas P. Carroll Kenneth E. '72 Ira S. Bell '60 Armstrong ' Carter' 31 Gene B. Brandzel 61 R. Guy Donald E. Arnell '56 Gary L. Bengston '63 ' ' S. Branham '80 #Gerhard Casper Artwick 70 William W. Bennett, Jr. 75 *Lynn Frederic]. '72 ' L. '61 *George J. Casson, Jr. Ashcraft 81 Frank N. Bentkover '68 Philip Bransky Anna B. ' Uzzell S. Branson III 69 Gilbert F. Asher '64 #Mary K. Bentley '85 Ernest A. Braun '38 Lester Asher' 32 H. Nicholas Berberian '78 ' Frederick E. Attaway '73 Walter F. Berdal 38 Boris Auerbach' 54 Robert]. Berg' 83 ' James L. Austin, Jr. '75 Thomas W. Bergdall 76 ' Martin P. Averbuch 77 #Joel Berger '68 Rosemary B. Avery' 71 #Peter Berkos # = Restricted gift Berlin' 49 * Arthur E. = Restricted and unrestricted gifts r = Deceased

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 33 John W. Castle '60 Richard Cunningham '82 Edward K. Eberhart '60 James H. Foster '80 ' ' Rimas F. Cernius 76 #David P. Currie James I. Edelson 80 Jacob L. Fox '47 *Jeffrey R. Chanin '80 #George B. Curtis '76 Michael F. Eichert '76 James H. Fox '78 *David S. Chernoff '62 Charles F. Custer' 58 #J ohn C. Eichman' 82 Carl B. Frankel '57 ' #Sidney B. Chesnin 75 #Thomas G. Dagger' 85 Seth A. Eisner' 76 Jack E. Frankel' 50 Yung F. Chiang '65 Volker Dahlgruen '68 Donald E. Elisburg '63 *David M. Frankford '79 ' Marvin Chirelstein 53 Robert P. Dahlquist '82 H. Anderson Ellsworth' 74 Richard S. Frase '70 ' , David J. Cholst 83 and Laura Robert V. Dalenberg 53 Lowell N. Elsen '62 Deborah D. Fraser' 7 7 ' ' D. Richman 81 #James W. Daniels '70 William B. Elson, J r. 35 *Merrill A. Freed' 53 ' #Gerald J. Christian Douglas F. Darbut 79 Tim J. Emmitt '65 *George S. Freudenthal Jr. '32 H. Collyer Church, Jr. '60 Nathan H. Dardick '74 Sheri J. Engelken' 83 Bernard A. Fried '28 Celia R. Clark '79 and Edgar #Peter H. Darrow '67 #Glenn M. Engelmann '80 #Ellen S. Friedman '81 C. Gentry '79 #Carla and Joe J. Daruty Charles L. Ephraim' 77 Gary M. Friedman '83 Jerry N. Clark '66 Joseph N. Darweesh '64 Elliot S. Epstein' 51 Richard F. Friedman '68 Robert W. Clark III ' 73 #Beth B. Davis '74 Samuel B. Epstein' 15 Steven L. Clark '68 Gary E. Davis '63 John A. Erich '72 ' Suzanne B. Clarke' 56 # Howard J. Davis 80 #Diane Erickson '75 and Ronald Michael G. Cleveland '74 #Jane S. and Muller Davis K. Sakirnura '75 Roger L. Clough '66 Joseph Davis' 56 David T. Erie '84 ' David R. Clowers '72 James M. Davran '41 Howard G. Ervin III 72 ' *Etahn M. Cohen '84 George L. Dawson '69 Henry J. Escher III 7 7 Garry W. Cohen '78 Lloyd R. Day, Jr. '79 John S. Eskilson '64 ' Lawrence M. Cohen '60 Edward R. De Grazia 51 #Jerry A. Esrig '78 #Stephen A. Cohen '73 Herbert C. De Young '28 Jeanne B. '83 and John R. Gerald B. Cohn '64 Jonathan Dean '70 Ettelson '84 Gerald A. Cohn '62 John M. Delehanty '69 Ralph B. Ettlinger' 45 Marcus Cohn' 38 Dennis M. DeLeo '66 David M. Evans '61 , Stuart A. Cohn '80 Harlan M. Dellsy 72 Andrew L. Fabens III '67 Sheldon O. Collen' 49 Darrell L. DeMoss '74 *Terry S. Fagen' 58 NortonJ. Come '42 Loren E. Dessonville '78 Andre L. Faoro '87 EugeneJ. Corney '75 Shari S. Diamond' 85 Frank C. Fariss' 5 7 #Margaret A. Conable '80 Vincent L. Diana' 55 Ward Farnsworth' 58 John T. Conlee '65 George R. Diaz-Arrastia '83 James R. Faulstich '61 Vincent J. Connelly, Jr. '75 Robert J. Diercks '66 JamesE. Fearn, Jr. '71 James C. Conner '61 David G. Dietze '82 #Stephen Fedo '81 #Andrew H. Connor '79 #Patrick P. Dinardo '82 John N. Fegan '34 Charles M. Constantine '48 Richard G. Dinning '49 Jay M. Feinman '75 ' Eugene G. Coombs Robert L. Doan 59 Steven B. Feirson '75 Daniel P. Cooney' 77 Hugh J. Dobbs '25 *Bruce S. Feldacker '65 ' ' #Charles W. Cope '82 Daniel L. Doctoroff 84 Leo Feldman 54 Ronald S. Cope '63 Donald B. Dodd' 30 #Ronald S. Feldman ' Lawrence J. Corneck 71 #Bernardine R. Dohrn '67 #Henry F. Field '65 ' Sidney N. Cornwall '26 Alan R. Dominick '69 Jonathan 1. Fieldrnan 84 Frances B. Corwin' 40 *Michael A. Donnella '79 #James D. '80 and Linda B. ' Sherman P. Corwin' 41 Robert J. Donnellan 64 Fiffer Antonia M. Donovan '85 and 3. The D' Law Judith S. Cottle #William L. Fillmore '76 Angelo *Harry M. and Ludmilla Coven Patrick T. Finegan '84 *James M. Finberg '83 Library currently has a ' ' George M. Covington '67 Fred J. Dopheide 51 #Martha L. Fineman 7 5 collection of around 489,000 E. Dorf '86 William B. Fisch '62 William H. Cowan '71 Nancy volumes. How many books Charles L. '69 *George 1. Cowell '57 Dostal, Jr. #Daniel R. Fischel '77 did the Law School have Donald C. '61 Fischer '71 Kathleen A. Cox '79 Dowling *Justine when it started in 1902? Robert B. '81 Barbara Downey '78 Henry D. Fisher '32 Craig 18,000; 55,000; Ernest G. Crain' 58 James A. Downs '86 #Steven L. Fisher '73 (a) (b) (c) 93,000; 105,000. *Roger C. Cramton '55 Richard N. Doyle '66 Laura K. and Walter T. Fisher (d) , Robert A. Crane '38 John T. Duax '71 17 #John C. Cratsley '66 F. Ellen Duff '80 Ward P. Fisher '52 J. Stephen Crawford' 58 James D. Dufrain '52 #Owen M. Fiss *Deborah A. '85 and Stuart E. ' #Evelyn H. and Murray Cremer Thomas V. Dulcich 80 Thomas M. Fitzpatrick '76 Fross '85 #William H. Crispin '75 and #Anne C. and Allison Dunham Estate of Dale H. Flagg '25 Keith E. Fry' 55 * ' Maureen E. Mahoney '78 Seymour H. Dussman '65 Arnold M. Flamm' 50 #Wilson P. Funkhouser, Jr. 7 3 John A. Crittenden '81 Morris G. Dyner '67 Gregory J. Flemming' 81 #Aviva Futorian '70 ' #Donald B. Cronson 48 David P. Earle III '62 David K. Floyd '60 Paul J. Galanti '63 Donald M. Crook '73 Robert Eastburn, Jr. '67 Martin G. Fogelson '66 Daniel P. Gallagher, Jr. '76 Geoffrey L. Crooks '68 Keith E. Eastin '67 George F. Galland, Jr. '73 ' John R. Crossan '73 Robert L. Ebe 76 Stanley L. Cummings' 43 Edward J. Cunningham '60

34 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD '73 Robert L. Hunter '27 Gustav Gants Elmer C. Grage' 33 "Steven L. Harris Harter III '80 M. Hurwitz '76 Robert S. Garrick '80 Bruce M. Graham '76 Lafayette G. *Joel T. Hartfield '82 L. Huston '84 JosephJ. Gasior '42 David F. Graham '78 #Claire James ' Harthun '60 Anne M. Hutchins '83 David W. Gast 71 Haldon K. Grant '61 Luther A. ' Steven E. Hartz '74 Michael L. Jr. 56 John T. Gaubatz '67 Hymen S. Gratch '28 Igoe, ' '84 Thomas V. Irwin '69 Robert D. Gecht 77 Jeffrey L. Grausam '68 *Denise J. Harvey Herbert Israelstam '36 Gabriel E. Gedvila '61 #Velma R. and William W. Gray Carl A. Hatch '65 '61 Laurence 78 Robert J. Geiger '64 Joseph E. Green '31 Paul H. Hauge Jackson' ' 31 L. 79 Sandra F. Gelman '82 Robert W. Green' 71 Morton Hauslinger Phillip Jackson' Hausten '83 W. '79 Alfred J. Gemma' 59 Ross B. Green' 84 Lisa A. Jeffrey Jacobs R. Hawes '78 Randall M. '69 James C. Geoly '85 #William A. Greenberg Adrianne Jacobs Hawkins' 50 '75 Mark P. Gergen '82 and Susan #Suzanne S. Greene '84 Byron T. John J. Jacobsen, Jr. 79 Marian S. 72 R. Whitman '82 Howard H. Greengard '74 Carol C. Hayes' Jacobson' ' William 50 Ted R. '74 #Irving Geslewitz 76 Walter C. Greenough '75 J. Hayton' Jadwin Harris S. '67 Martha E. Gifford '76 Edward B. Greensfelder, Jr. '62 #Geoffrey C. Hazard, Jr. Jaffe * Hazard '39 51 Anthony C. Gilbert '63 Gerald B. Greenwald' 51 John N. Maynard J Jaffe' ' Hazel '79 E. '66 Edward P. Gilbert '81 Leonard Green�ald 59 Robert A. Craig Jameson '33 Laura C. '35 Harris A. Gilbert' 55 Diane E. Greif '84 George L. Hecker Janas

* ' Heffernan '78 Karl R. '40 Alan S. 75 and Jessie W. Philip J. Grib '63 William C. Janitzky '62 R. '79 Gilbert A. Russell Griffith '33 William M. Hegan James Janz ' Heimann '51 Dennis L. arvela 69 Norden S. Gilbert '74 Janice C. Griffith '65 Fritz F. J ' Heineman' 31 Donald W. '72 Gerald F. Giles 56 Joseph H. Groberg '70 Frederic W. Jenkins Heitland '75 E. '51 Wayne S. Gilmartin' 75 Ben Grodsky '33 Ann R. John Jensen Hemstad '60 A. 50 #Laura A. Ginger' 79 Lewis G. Groebe '35 Ronald B. Raymond Jensen' ' Henderson '71 Robert A. '62 Sheldon M. Gisser '63 Reed Groethe 77 Schuyler K. Jensen Henkle' 58 Gerhardt S. '31 Wilbur A. Glahn III '72 #Karen E. Gross '81 Ralph J. Jersild 41 Paul F. II '70 David H. Glaser '82 *David A. Grossberg '75 J Gordon Henry' Jock ' L. Herbolsheimer 35 #Dennis P. '79 #Paul F. Gleeson '66 *Steven A. Grossman '71' George Johnson L. Heriot '81 A. '40 #Mary A. Glendon '61 A. Eugene Grossmann, Jr. '40 *Gail John Johnson P. Hermann' 73 Kirk B. '73 Philip M. Glick '30 Brimson Grow '34 #Raymond Johnson Herr '81 '38 Don E. Glickman '72 Mark E. Grummer '76 Mitchell E. Quintin Johnstone Hershman '76 L. '76 Robert C. Glustrom '76 Irwin L. Gubman '67 Morris P. #Robert Jolley, Jr. ' ' D. Hertzer 64 N. '70 *Jeffrey S. Goddess '70 Alden Guild 5 7 John Randolph Jonakait ' H. T. '30 Barbra L. Goering' 77 Chaitanya Gurtu 71 #Herbert Heyman John Jones ' '77 Michael F. '73 Raymond T. Goetz 85 Charles H. Gustafson '62 #MarkJ. Heyrman Jones ' David A. '81 Russell D. '74 #Raymond N. Goetz 50 Edward R. Gustafson '41 Heywood Jones ' Hickman 52 N. Gold '71 Solomon Gutstein 56 Frederic Jack Joseph' Roger ' L. Hill' 38 * B. 85 Lyn 1. Goldberg '66 Howard 0. Hagen '73 Henry Maury Josephson E. Hill '69 Harold R. '69 Robert J. Goldberg '65 #Mary C. Hagman John Juhnke '84 E. Kabot '41 Samuel D. Golden' 49 *Frances and J. Parker Hall #Vincent E. Hillery Byron ' ' Hillman 50 Scott L. Kafker '85 L. Goldin' 76 Richard D. Hall 39 Jordan J Barry ' Hinton '85 Harold I. Kahen 40 Louis B. Goldman' 74 r Andrew C. Hamilton '28 #Jacki D. ' '76 E. Kahn '82 Linn C. Goldsmith 64 Charlotte B. Hamilton' 42 James E. Hipolit #Harold Ronald L. Hirsch '68 David A. Kalow '76 #Mitchell D. Goldsmith '78 R. Dickey Hamilton '60 Hirschhorn '74 Kalven Zalmon S. Goldsmith '38 James M. Hamman '82 James M. #Betty 1. Hirsh '55 Chester T. Kamin '65 E. Ernest Goldstein '42 Gregory L. Hammond' 79 Solomon ' Kevin '84 Malcolm S. Kamin '64 John W. Golosinec 30 Philip G. Hampton II '80 J. Hochberg * Hoffman' 72 T. Kane' 60 Robert L. Golub '86 Edward T. Hand '74 Aaron E. Joseph H. Hoffman #Gerald Kanter James C. Goodale' 55 *Steven P. Handler '71 #William , B. '67 Alan N. '71 Kim A. Goodhard '79 Norman J. Hanfling 59 #Laura Hoguet Kaplan E. Honkisz '74 Bernard S. 50 #Doris and Ernest B. Goodman Sean M. Hanifin '81 James Kaplan' ' ' Richard P. Horn 73 Daniel D. 78 and Lucille R. '57 William S. Hanley '64 W. Horstman '77 '78 A. Goodman '81 C. Hanlon '71 #Andrew Kaplan *James Joseph ' ' Vernon H. Houchen 54 Daniel F. 85 and Ellen D. #Robert C. Goodman '83 Julian R. Hansen' 52 C. '85 Zenia S. Goodman' 48 Richard A. Hanson '72 #Frederick Houghton, Jr. Kaplan ' M. Houlihan '83 Harold L. 75 Charles p. Gordon '67 Ronald W. Hanson 75 Maureen Kaplan' ' * Howard 72 * A. 33 Donald R. Gordon' 79 and Patrick H. Hardin '65 Alan J. Stanley Kaplan' Howard '35 Steven Z. '71 Carol A. '79 William M. Hardin '82 John C. Kaplan Johnston ' , Kenneth Howell' 59 Emile Karafiol 79 Michael S. Gordo� 55 Robert H. Harlan '42 ' C. '67 Norman Karlin 49 Mindy B. Gordon '85 Berthold J. Harris' 29 John Hoyle W. Huber' 59 Gerald R. Gorman L. Julian Harris '24 Thomas ' W. Huff '36 Matthew B. Gorson 73 Micalyn S. Harris '66 Harold Sam S. '29 #Jack L. Gosden Philip L. Harris' 83 Hughes ' H. '69 David B. Goshien 62 Lawrence Hunt, Jr. John W. Gosselin' 59 # Restricted gift Restricted and unrestricted gifts t = Deceased

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 35 Ethel M. Katz' 43 ' #Julie M. Kunce '85 #Donald J. Liebentritt 76 Nancy P. Martin '52 Harold A. Katz '48 Earl G. Kunz '37 #Geoffrey E. Liebmann '86 Stephen 1. Martin' 52 Leo Katz '82 Norman G. Kurland '60 George W. Liebmann '63 William T. Martin, Jr. '49 ' N. Katz Daniel ' #Stanley L. Kurtz '68 James T. Lindgren 7 7 Robert J. Martineau 59 Charles R. Kaufman #Harvey A. Kurtz '75 Michael A. Lindsay '83 #Tony Martinelli A. Kaufman '84 Michael S. ' Randy Kurtzon '73 Gregory P. Lindstrom '78 William M. Marutani 53 ' Ross Kaufman 80 ' Philip S. Kushner '85 David Linn 40 Allan A. Marver '35 E. Kazimer '85 Mary *Jeffrey T. Kuta '72 David K. Linnan '79 #Charles A. Marvin '68 Daniel L. , 86 Keating #Elizabeth Y. Kutyla '87 Thomas E. Lippard '68 Patricia L. Maslinoff '79 A. Keen '84 ' Stephen Joseph A. La Vela 7.9 *Richard M. Lipton '77 Philip A. Mason '67 Darrell D. 59 ' Kellogg' Michael Lackner '82 Randall Litteneker 79 Heidi Massa' 83 ' J. J. Thomas 0. III 83 Kelly William W. Laiblin '42 Stuart M. Litwin '85 Elaine Massock '78 Robert A. Kelman '71 Howard P. Lakind '76 Boardman Lloyd '67 J. Kent Mathewson '82 *Charles M. IV '80 ' Kennedy Marilyn Lamar '79 Marshall E. Lobin' 51 Richard P. Matthews 73 Eileen M. '79 Kennedy Thomas E. Lanctot '79 Frederick V. Lochbihler '76 Fred A. Mauck '62 Peter M. Kennel '67 David C. Landgraf '66 #David C. Long '66 Bruce R. Maughan '75 Frank D. 49 Kenney' ¥tBenjamin Landis '30 *James R. Looman '78 Arthur C. Mayer' 48 Kerschner' 79 #Erica M. Barry J. Landsberg '87 John E. Lopatka '77 Michael W. McConnell' 79 Steven A. Kersten '80 Norman E. Lanford '72 Merle W. Loper '65 Stephen J. McConnell' 85 Daniel T. Kessler '85 Howard S. ' 83 Lanznar #James J. Lopes #Kay McCurdy '75 Jerald A. Kessler '72 Shale '83 Lapping Hilary G. Lord' 81 Dugald S. McDougall '37 Nabil L. Khodadad '85 ' Ronald E. Larson 66 #Lyonette Louis-Jacques '86 #Jane E. McGregor Arthur G. Kidman '74 Peter M. Lauriat '71 Alexander Lourie '82 James B. McHugh '74 , Carrie E. Killebrew '85 Michael ' ' B. Lavinsky 65 James Lousararian 84 #Diantha McJilton 77 Thomas L. Kirner' 71 ' J. Stephen Lawrence, Jr. 77 #Ann M. Lousin '68 Kenneth G. McKenna '84 M. #John '74 F. Lawrence '74 ' Kimpel Roy #Gary T. Lowenthal '69 William J. McKenna, Jr. 79 Charles M. 78 Michael ' King' R. Lazerwitz '83 #Jeffrey S. Lubbers '74 Thomas F. McKim 78 Richard G. '64 Kinney #Mary L. Leahy '66 #Michael B. Lubic '85 Donald C. McKinlay '40 Ross R. '63 Alain Kinney G. LeCoque '85 Peter Lubin' 83 Allan B. McKittrick '63 Albert Kirk Carl B. ' J. Anthony J. Lee 71 #David Lucey' 83 and Ann Philip R. McKnight '68 Kiselis '77 #Timothy J. Lee' 73 Reinke '82 #Richard H. McLeese '81 M. Leslie Kite '61 William C. Lee '62 #Barbara K. R. 71 ' Lundergan Philip McLoughlin' A. Klaasen 60 ' John #Deborah Leff 77 Delos N. Lutton '73 #James R. McMaster '86 L. Klaff' 80 * ' Ramsay Julius M. Lehrer '48 Adam M. Lu tynski 71 JamesJ. McNamara '64 *Ruth E. Klarman '75 Manning K. Leiter' 51 Paul D. Lyman' 79 *Janet M. McNicholas '86 Melinda M. Kleehamer '86 and ' Jeffrey P. Lennard 75 #William H. Lynch '68 MauriceJ. McSweeney '63 B. Kramer' 84 Barbara A. Larry Lerner' 77 Brenda L. Lyons '81 and James *Lee B. McTurnan '63 Amy L. Klein' 59 Michael A. Lerner '67 L. Talent '81 Raymond M. Mehler '74 M. Klein '76 Christopher Herbert Lesser' 42 R. MacDowell '83 Thomas P. Mehnert '67 ' #John David Y. Klein 58 Michael ' J. Letchinger 79 Joseph L. Mack '34 Alexander M. 71 ' Meiklejohn' S. Klein' 38 Jerome Harry J. Levi 42 David D. MacKnight' 71 #Jerome B. Meites '79 Norman 1. Klein '61 F. and G. Jill John Levi #MarjorieJ. MacLean '86 Sheldon M. Meizlish '62 Charles Kleinbaum '63 Charles L. Levin ' Alan H. Maclin '74 Thomas W. Merrill 7 7 A. '75 Leonard D. Rodney Knight Levin '65 C. Maclin '74 Fred A. ' Joan Messerschmidt '41 Michael S. Knoll 84 #Peter Levin '67 J. James T. Madej '69 Peter J. Messitte '66 John M. Knowlton '36 Robert E. Levin '36 Jeffrey L. Madoff' 74 Richard J. Metzger' 76 Charles H. Koch, '75 Ronald M. Levin' 75 Jr. Elizabeth C. Madsen' 79 Jack S. Meyer '76 Mary C. Koch Samuel N. Levin '31 #Michael S. Mandell '77 Michael E. Meyer '67 Steven Koch '82 Thomas M. Levine '74 ' Louis V. Mangrum' 5 7 Abner J. 51 and Zoe W. Mikva D. Kole '87 Charles R. Levun James '69 #H. George Mann Barbara S. Miller '83 Kathleen M. '81 and Mark S. Kopp Levy '67 James E. Mann '68 James M. Miller '75 Alfredo R. Perez' 80 *Neil M. Levy '66 June C. Manning Louis R. Miller '37 Korf '47 Arthur D. Lewis' ' John 32 *Fred R. Mardelf 58 Mark R. Miller '74 Thomas Kosco ' 84 J. #James B. Lewis Steven A. '80 and *Michael C. Miller * ' Marenberg rn Sinclair Kossoff 59 Leonard ' Lewis 48 Alison Whalen' 82 #Paul Miller Kraus '83 Edward #Jeffrey Lewison '32 Paul C. '74 #Walker D. Miller' 65 ' Marengo Karl W. 82 Lawrence E. Krause, Jr. Lewy '36 #Melvin 58 Robert B. Millner' 75 * Margolies' 1. Lezak ' Rosemary Krensky Sidney 49 #Paul J. Marino '65 David R. Minge '67 #Stuart L. Kricun Lee S. Liberman '83 #Robert M. Mark '77 Joseph Minsky' 51 Morris D. Krouse W. Kirk Liddell '76 and E. Joseph C. Markowitz '79 George Miron' 56 Kenneth '82 Pamela Trow- Liddell ' 77 Krug #James C. Marlas '63 Mary K. '67 and Stephen E. Richard A. Kruk '72 ' Richard D. Marshall 80 Mochary'66 Harold '33 Kruley William P. Marshall '77 Will S. Montgomery '84 #Peter B. '86 Krupp Joel C. Martin '77 #Lois C. Moonitz '82 Kull '81 Stanley J. *Michael R. Moravec '74 Mordecai M. More' 49

36 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Frederick A. Morgan, Jr. '50 #David E. Morgans '75 4. In his address at the dedication of Moritz '41 in Jerome the new Law School building 1959, Brock & Morris, Laing, Evans, who said: "Law provides the order Kennedy that permits freedom to flourish Deborah H. Morris' 77 Consider the problem of political #Portia O. Morrison' 78 succession. In this country we know *John C. Morrissey '85 when a President's term will John E. Morrow '68 exactly will be Edmond Mosely '39 end, exactly what procedures ' his Stanley Mosk 35 followed to designate successor, Harve H. Mossawir, Jr. '68 and exactly when the successor's term Kathryn S. Mueller '79 will end. We respect the procedures­ Richard A. Mugalian '47 the rule of law-for determining Robert B. Murdock' 55 political succession, and, no matter '81 #Kevin M. Murphy we how intense the rivalry may be, M. Thomas Murray '51 abide by the decisions registered in James 1. Myers '67 free elections."? Franklin A. '74 and Martha S. Earl Richard Nixon; Nachman '74 (a) Warren; (b) James L. Nachman '66 (c) Nelson Rockefeller; (d) Harry Carleton F. Nadelhoffer '55 Truman. Howard A. Nagelberg '73 Robert E. Nagle, Jr. '54 Edward H. Nakamura '51 , David Rich '69 ' W. '46 Richard L. Pollay 55 ]. Leonard P. Nalencz 71 Overton, Jr. ' *George Richman 77 Lee A. Pollock' 76 David S. Laurance P. Nathan '61 C. Owen Paepke '78 ' ' Lawrence 1. Richman '77 * Robert Pondolfi 75 William G. Navid '32 Alfred M. Palfi 51 Robert 1. Richter '72 Palmeter '63 Richard E. Poole '66 Robert N. Navratil' 57 N. David , 71 Robert C. Poole' 56 Michael D. Ridberg Linda T. Neal '67 Daniel N. Parker '65 Riddle '66 ' L. Poppe' 79 Peter E. Mary C. Neal David Parson 47 #Gregory 64 Donald 42 '71 D. Parsons '77 David L. Porter' Ridge' #Ralph G. Neas, Jr. James 71 L. Porter' 34 Franklin J. Riesenburger' Richard C. Nehls '76 James B. Parsons, Jr. '49 James David M. Rieth '72 ' Richard W. Porter '86 Nelson 64 Daniel R. Pascale '65 Allen]. Riff '82 Alan M. Posner '77 #Joel 1. Robert D. Ness' 56 Shari L. Patrick '82 L. Potter '87 #Simon H. Rifkind Lawrence G. Newman '72 *RebeccaJ. Patten '77 #Tracy Nicholas A. Poulos '80 Brent D. Riggs '69 Melvin S. Newman '59 W. Paul '70 James '80 #Vincent F. Prada '81 Michael E. Rigney A. Nichols '38 C. Paulson '81 Myra #Jeffrey Thomas W. Rissman '82 '69 L. Price '68 Paul Niederman '32 David B. Paynter Roger ' A. Ritsher 58 ' Marwick Main M. Prickett '71 John Daniel N iehans 74 The Peat James ' # J. 85 Richard H. Prins' 50 Lindsay E. Roberts S. Nissenson '77 Foundation Mary N. Roberts '74 75 William T. Quicksilver' 78 Stephen Paul Noelke '47 Susan ' J. Peavoy' 81 *Lawrence W. '48 Valerie P. Roberts Kenneth P. Norwick '65 Norman A. Pedersen III '85 Rabl), Jr. * III '66 Christian U. Rahn '87 Walter ]. Robinson David M. Novak '82 C. David Peebles' 59 C. '73 anice M. Robson L. Nowaczewski '84 *Gail L. Peek '84 Jerome Randolph #J Jeanne '76 ' W. Rankin '68 EdwardJ. Roche, Jr. T. '79 Richard K. Pelz 50 #James James Nyeste Rochetti #Richard Raskin #Dante F. William P. '63 Steven 1. Peretz '81 O'Keefe, Jr. Rochlin '85 #Robert K. Rasmussen '85 #Karen E. *Theresa C. '77 Charles B. Persell III '63 O'Loughlin '83 ' Thomas L. '69 Maris M. Rodgon Daniel O'Neill '87 Victor S. Peters 49 Ray J. ' 48 Howard 69 and Susan P. John W. Rogers' Vincent F. O'Rourke, Jr. '72 Barbara F. Petersen' 72 J. Dan R. Roin '51 Peterson' 84 Read '72 Thomas P. '82 *Clifford ' Ogden J. 78 E. Recht '76 #Howard J. Roin Robert W. 62 Ronald R. Peterson '73 Phillip Ogren' ' Romanek '76 Richard C. Reed 48 James]. Harold A. Olson '30 *Gloria C. Phares '75 A. '74 Vincent P. '63 Matthew Rooney Arthur M. '42 W. Phillips' 49 Reilly Oppenheimer Henry Rose '69 ' William Reinke' 55 Filmore E. #Stuart 1. Oran '74 B. Pidot 30 J. George Rosen '74 ' Reinwald '27 Lawrence M. Ordower '75 Michael E. Pietzsch 74 Lester ' Henry * E. Rosen '62 ' T. Reott 80 Louis Mark R. Ordower '66 Thomas Pillari 7 2 Raymond ' and Samuel * Richard M. Orlikoff 49 S. Richard Pincus '61 #Bonnie Reynolds G. Reynolds '68 Harold Orlinsky"34 #Daniel B. Pinkert '73 James Nicolas '86 Alan R. Orschel '64 *Richard G. Placey '82 and Rhally ' Douglas W. Otto 77 Carol E. Swanson '82 Elvin E. Overton '31 David C. '84 and Janet F. Plache '84

' Eustace T. Pliakas 51 Lester Plotkin '29 # Restricted gift Restricted and unrestricted gifts r = Deceased

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 37 ' Stuart G. Rosen '64 Leonard Schram '32 Robert A. Simon 41 Mason W. Stephenson' 71 Homer E. Rosenberg '38 Glenn E. Schreiber '74 Thelma Brook Simon' 40 #Lynn R. Sterman '71 ' *Jill L. Rosenberg '86 Paul Schreiber 60 Mark B. Simons '70 Henry H. Stern, Jr. '62 ' #Alan Rosenblat 54 Richard J. Schreiber' 59 "Lynda G. Simpson '82 Robert S. Stern '75 ' #Rosetta Rosenblatt Seymour Schriar 47 Rupert A. Simpson '76 Thomas R. Sternau ' 51 ' Paul A. Rosenblum' 51 C. Alan Schroeder' 86 Allen Sinsheimer, Jr. 3 7 Robert E. Stevens '63 ' Neal D. Rosenfeld 58 David E. Schroeder '84 Sheldon M. Sisson '62 Stanley M. Stevens '73 * ' Sidney L. Rosenfeld 57 Mary M. '65 and Milton R. Peter K. Sivaslian '57 Robert I. Stier' 71 ' ' Margaret Rosenheim 49 Schroeder '65 David Skeer 39 Robert E. Stigger '76 Michael A. Rosenhouse '74 #Robin E. Schulberg '86 Robert A. Skirnick '66 #Thomas P. Stillman '68 *Lee H. Rosenthal '77 #John D. Schwartz '50 Matthew D. Slater' 83 *Preble Stolz' 56 * ' *Thorn Rosenthal '75 Richard M. Schwartz 77 Robert Z. Slaughter '82 John A. Strain '74 David L. Ross '73 *William I. Schwartz '83 Cynthia A. Sliwa '79 #Stephanie L. Striffler '82 , Jeffrey S. Ross '65 Ronald A. Schy 83 Wendi Sloane-Weitman '82 #Paula R. and Richard J. ' #Ann R. and Donald I. Roth Richard F. Scott 5 2 Alan D. '79 and Barbara A. Stumpf ' ' ' Joseph P. Roth 49 S. Dell Scott 47 Smith '78 Miodrag N. Sukijasovic 59 ' Steven A. Rothenberg '77 Richard J. Scupi 59 Arthur H. Smith '60 #Daniel J. Sullivan '86 David M. Rothman '62 Robert L. Seaver '64 Mary D. Smith *Michael F. Sullivan '67 Edwin A. Rothschild #Keith E. Secular '74 Milan D. Smith, Jr. '69 Cass R. Sunstein George W. Rothschild' 42 Sharon A. Seeley '86 Miles O. Smith '74 Joe A. Sutherland '58 * ' Jeffrey S. Rothstein' 82 Donald Segal 63 #Robert H. Smith '72 Charles E. Swanson '86 ' James E. Rottsolk 71 Emmanuel J. Seidner' 31 Stephen R. Smith '81 Henry T. Synek ' 44 Wallace M. Rudolph' 53 Daniel J. Seifer '69 John M. Smokevitch '67 John E. Sype '39 ' #John D. Ruff '67 Charles V. Senatore 80 William C. Snouffer '65 Seymour Tabin ' 40 Elizabeth and William A. McNeil V. Seymour, Jr. '60 James H. Snowden '82 Stephen A. Tagge '69 Runyan '39 Erwin Shafer' 36 Robert A. Snyder '73 "David S. Tatel '66 Charles F. Russ, Jr. '51 Butler D. Shaffer '61 #Marion E. and William C. Dale B. Tauke ' 77 Harold S. Russell '62 Michael L. Shakman '66 Soady Shereen Taylor' 83 #William F. Ryan '81 #Arnold Shane Harold J. Sokolow' 42 Barron M. '69 and Ursula Marvin Sacks' 56 Marsha B. '67 and Thomas R. Harry B. Solmson, Jr. '34 Tenny'69 ' Jan J. Sagett 68 Shanle '67 Arthur M. '61 and Lois Frederick B. Thomas' 74 *MichaelJ. Salmanson '86 Jacob M. Shapiro '32 Solomon '61 William H. Tobin '73 Gerald G. Saltarelli' 73 Jean F. Shapiro Kenneth I. Solomon '67 Peter N. Todhunter '37 * ' ' , Elizabeth Samuels 80 Lee A. Shapiro '80 * Rayman L. Solomon 76 Clark S. Tomashefsky 85 #Tony F. and Marsha J. Sanchez Robert L. Shapiro' 33 Bert E. Sommers '49 Frederick L. Tomblin '55 ' Jerome W. Sandweiss 50 Robert C. Shearer' 79 *Brad M. Sonnenberg '82 Leland E. Tomlinson '76 James L. Santelle '83 John N. Shephard '41 William A. Soules' 54 RobertJ. Tonos '72 ' Antonio R. Sarabia '49 Deming E. Sherman 68 Gladys K. and Wesley H. Philip R. Toomin '26 ' David B. Sarver 64 Suzanna Sherry' 79 Sowers #Kenneth Topolsky John G. Satter, Jr. '58 Robert A. Sherwin '78 John A. Spanogle, Jr. '60 Claire E. Toth '82 #David A. Saunders '64 Minoru Shibata' 51 William H. Speck '42 Forrest L. Tozer' 48 "Suzanne R. Sawada '77 David E. Shipley '75 Morris Spector' 49 Paul E. Treusch '35 * ' Thomas F. Sax' 85 John D. Shuck '76 Frederick J. 79 and Priscilla C. Dennis J. Tuchler '63 ' Jeffrey B. Schamis 76 Nancy J. Shurlow '78 Sperling' 79 #David S. Turetsky , 82 #Michael Schatzow '73 Bernard H. Siegan ' 49 Dale V. Springer '65 Michael R. Turoff '64 J. Leonard Schermer' 41 Jack M. Siegel '51 #Mitchell H. Stabbe '80 Curtis A. Ullman '78 *Thomas E. Schick '73 Jonathan A. Siegel '83 Edward K. Stackler '33 Henry J. Underwood, Jr. '69 "Stephen A. Schiller '61 Lowell A. Siff '52 #John M. and Karen Stacy #Edward E. Vaill '65 Donald M. Schindel' 56 Mark L. Silbersack '71 Charles R. Staley '63 Robert E. Van Metre '68 Jan M. Schlesinger '60 Milton Sills '32 Paul Stanford '81 James Van Santen '48 Samuel Schlesinger '37 #Eileen L. Silverstein '72 Robert M. Star '73 *Peter M. Van Zante '71 ' *J. Andrew Schlickman '78 Howard J. Silverstone '62 Robert I. Starr '62 Robert J. Vancrum 71 , #Randall D. Schmidt' 79 David F. Silverzweig 33 Susan N. Stearns '77 EugeneJ. Vaughan '80 Robert P. Schmidt' 70 Arnold A. Silvestri '49 Jeffrey C. Steen '84 #George Vernon '75 ' ' #Theodore J. Schmitt Blanche B. Simmons 36 Henry J. Steenstra, Jr. 60 Howard L. Vickery '75 * ' James J. Schneider 81 Arthur H. Simms' 48 Zev Steiger '64 Eduardo R. Vidal '81 Mark N. Schneider '79 #Herbert L. Stein, Jr. Charles F. Vihon ' 62 #Pamela R. Schneider '84 Michael L. Stein '67 C. Nicholas Vogel '68 , #Laura S. Schnell '83 Steven G. Stein '76 #George Volsky 75 Fred K. Schomer '62 William P. Steinbrecher' 44 Irving Stenn '27 Harvey B. Stephens '60

38 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD (b)

the 5. Who was the first non-lawyer to join faculty and when? (a) Mortimer Adler; (b) Ronald Coase; (c) Aaron Director; (d) Henry Simons.

(a) (d)

C. Yasus '49 Weber '63 R. Williams' 53 Vytold George N. Vurdelja, Jr. '81 Robert G. John Scott R. Williamson '85 Stephen R. Yates '67 Fillmore R. Wedoff '75 #W. L. Enterprises Eugene Yeates '69 E. Kent '73 Kenneth W. H. Wachtel '62 Donald H. Weeks '49 Willoughby Eugene '66 38 Garth D. Wilson' 80 Joe C. Young Thomas Wagner '65 Ralph J. Wehling' J. ' Edward M. '68 Weidenaar 62 Grover C. Wilson' 19 Zachary Andrea R. Waintroob '78 William B. Arthur W. 49 B. Weil '67 S. Wilson '71 Zarlengo' Thomas A. Waite' 72 Fred *Hugh ' Herbert L. Zarov 79 , L. '65 Arthur Winoker '60 Milton S. Wakschlag 80 John Weinberg ' Winston '77 #Richard F. Zehnle 77 S. Wald '36 Mark B. Weinberg' 71 Gary J. Jerome Kim A. Zeitlin '70 ' Andrew Wistrich '76 Martin Wald 64 Alvin 1. Weinstein' 39 J. H. and Donald E. * #Thomas A. Witt:77 #Carol Zepfel Richard Walker' 50 Bernard Weisberg' 5 2 C. '76 David M. '61 Mary G. Ziegler Walker '79 Matthew E. Welsh '37 Wittenberg Susan L. ' ' Wizner 63 Elaine D. Ziff-Leibman '82 C. Walker '73 William Welsh 51 #Stephen #Thomas J. Zilberstein '65 Frank H. Wohl '66 Arthur M. '67 Thomas G. West '65 #Edward Waller, Jr. ' D. Wolfe 77 #Bernard Zimmerman' 70 Wallin '68 #Daniel P. Westman' 81 Timothy William R. '67 Charles 55 #Franklin E. Zimring M. 59 Frederick G. White' 51 J. Wong' Stanley Wanger' A. Zinke '42 ' White' 38 #David C. Worrell '76 Dudley Jacob B. Ward 48 Fredric J. Ward 56 Robert Zolla Warfield' 68 H. White '69 J. Wright' James J. James ' G. Wrobel 78 D. Warren '72 Maureen A. Whiteman '84 Gregory Jeffrey '62 Robert H. Wier' 59 Ralph G. Wrobley *John A. Washburn '76 Michael A. 55 Wasserman '80 #Edward G. Wierzbicki '75 Wyatt' #Mark A. ' '60 Y. Yacker 58 #Robert R. Watson '72 Ralph E. Wiggen Julius Edward E. Yalowitz '60 Richard F. Watt' 42 *Howard M. Wilchins '69 ' 77 Marshall W. '48 Charles C. Yast #James B. Watters Wiley Douglas H. Williams' 77 James T. '68 and Michele 0. Williams '69

# = Restricted gift * = Restricted and unrestricted gifts t = Deceased

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 39 Honor Roll of Contributors

This list acknowl­ 1928 gratefully Gerhardt S. Jersild 1934 Kurt Borchardt edges the generosity of William H. Abbott Elliott A. Johnson Anonymous (1) Max Davidson alumni who made gifts to Herbert C. De Young William Klevs Joseph]. Abbell William R. the Law School Alex Elson Emery during Julian H. Levi Burton Aries Edward D. Friedman 1987-88. Gifts recorded in Gould Fox Samuel N. Levin Cecelia L. Corbett Frank L. Gibson the honor roll were Bernard A. Fried Elvin E. Overton Harold Durchslag Isadore Goffen received at the Law School Hymen S. Gratch Emmanuel Seidner J John N. Fegan Roger S. Gorman, Jr. by June 30, 1988. Harold Green J Robert A. Snow Brimson Grow Estate of Z. Andrew C. Benjamin l Hamilton L. Mack 1910 Joseph Gould L. Hamilton 1932 Bryce Roland C. Matthies Arthur 1. Grossman Estate of Leo Spitz C. Hoffmann George Leonard P. Aries Benjamin Ordower Elmer M. Heifetz Ines Hoffmann Lester Asher Harold Earl G. 1915 Orlinsky Kunz Milton Howard Kepecs P. Clarke James L. Porter Richard H. Levin Samuel B. Epstein *Thomas R. Paul S. Mulroy Davis Kenneth C. Prince Samuel R. Lewis, Estate of Morris E. Feiwell Melvin H. Jr. Specter Lommen D. Eley Arthur Y. Schulson S. Estate of Wendell M. Levi Dugald McDougall Henry P. Weihofen D. Fisher * Henry Harry B. Solmson, Jr. Bernard D. Meltzer Robert A. Frank Wallenstein 1917 1929 Raymond Byron S. Miller *George S. Freudenthal, Jr. Charles D. Woodruff Jeanette R. Miller Walter T Fisher William H. Alexander * Herbert B. Fried Louis R. Miller Catherine W. Bullard Estate of Frank Greenberg 1935 Robert D. 1919 Bernard L. Edelman Morgan Sidney J Hess, Jr. Sam Alschuler Keith 1. Parsons Grover C. Wilson Berthold J Harris Martin K. Irwin Max L. Chill Gerald Ratner Sam S. Hughes Arthur D. Lewis William B. Samuel 1920 Elson, Jr. Schlesinger Samuel A. Karlin Edward Lewison Ray Forrester Charles O. Sethness L. Estate of Earl B. Clyde Korman F. John McCarthy Lewis G. Groebe Allen Sinsheimer, Jr. Dickerson #Robert McDougal, Jr. Norman H. Nachman George L. Herbolsheimer Harold E. Carl S. Lloyd Lester Plotkin Spencer [Irving B. Naiburg John C. Howard Robert A. Thorsen t Louis Sevin William G. Navid Laura C. 1921 Janas Peter N. Todhunter Paul Niederman R. Kitch 1930 lPaul Matthew E. Welsh "Bernard Nath Frederick Sass, Jr. Philip C. Lederer Hubert L. Will Maurice Walk Albert H. Allen Leonard Schram *Edward H. Levi Frank C. Bernard Jacob M. Shapiro Allan A. Marver 1938 1923 Donald B. Dodd Milton Sills Stanley Mosk Irwin]. Askow Fred H. Bartlit Milton L. Durchslag William H. Thomas #Bernard Sang Roger A. Baird Philip M. Glick Sam Schoenberg John P. Barden 1924 John W. Golosinec 1933 Thomas M. Thomas Walter F. Berdal L. Julian Harris Allen Heald Milton S. Applebaum Paul E. Treusch Ernest A. Braun Ednabelle H. Hertz "Charles W. Boand Maurice S. Marcus 1925 Weigle Cohn John T Jones Bernard D. Cahn #James L. Zacharias Robert A. Crane Thomas Carlin [joseph S. Jones William B. Danforth Joseph T Zoline George T Donoghue, Jr. Hugh]. Dobbs #lBenjamin Landis Louren G. Davidson Zalmon S. Goldsmith Estate of Dale H. Flagg Paul H. Leffmann Elmer C. Grage 1936 Henry L. Hill Earl D. Reese Harold A. Olson A. R. Griffith Herman]. De Koven Quintin Johnstone David Ziskind George B. Pidot Ben Grodsky Harold W. Huff Warren R. Kahn Robert N. Reid George L. Hecker Herbert Israelstam 1926 Jerome S. Klein Charles D. Satinover N. John Hughes Carroll Johnson Stanford Miller Sidney N. Cornwall Joseph C. Swidler A. *Stanley Kaplan #Donald R. Kerr Myra A. Nichols Philip R. Toomin Donald L. Vetter Miriam H. Keare John M. Knowlton Jerome Richard Harold Kruley Robert E. Levin Homer 1927 1931 E. Rosenberg Morris 1. Leibman Lawrence E. Lewy Maurice Rosenfield Morton J Barnard Morris Blank Donald P. McFadyen Solaman G. Lippman Ralph]. Wehling Paul W. Barrett William G. Burns Robert H. O'Brien Herman Odell White Rhea L. Brennwasser R. Carter Fredric]. Guy Robert L. Shapiro Herbert Portes Robert L. Hunter Frank H. Detweiler David F. Silverzweig Erwin Shafer 1939 Estate of Paul E. Mathias Isaiah S. Dorfman Edward K. Stackler Blanche B. Simmons Ami F. Allen Lester Reinwald Alderman Dystrup Ticktin Joseph J Marvin L. Simon Irving I. Axelrad Irving Stenn #Robert S. Friend Theodore D. Tieken Alfred B. Teton Paul M. Barnes Peter J Troy Rudolph J Frlicka Jerome S. Wald Melvin A. Garretson Arthur M. Frutkin Richard D. Hall Joseph E. Green 1937 N. Hazard Morton John Hauslinger Harry Adelman Frederic W. Heineman Kenneth W. Black Sherman M. Booth

40 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Thomas L. Karsten Donald Ridge Arthur H. Simms #Raymond N. Goetz 1952 Harriet J. Levin George W. Rothschild Allen M. Singer *Edwin H. Goldberger Joseph S. Balsamo Edmond Mosley Paul W. Rothschild Charles D. Stein Byron T. Hawkins Robert S. Blatt William A. Runyan Harold J. Sokolow Forrest L. Tozer J. William Hayton Allan M. Caditz David Skeer William H. Speck James Van Santen JordanJ. Hillman Arland F. Christ-J aner D. Dufrain John E. Sype Richard F. Watt Jacob B. Ward Miles Jaffe James Hasseltine B. Taylor Dudley A. Zinke Robert L. Weiss Raymond A . Jensen Ward P. Fisher Alvin I. Weinstein Ira T. Wender Bernard S. Kaplan James T. Gibson 1943 Marshall W. Wiley Charles D. Kelso Ralph M. Goren 1940 Stanley L. Cummings #George E. Wise Milton A. Levenfeld Julian R. Hansen Morris B. Abram I. Frank Harlow *Donald J. Yellon John C. McLean #C. J. Head #Elizabeth B. Head Joseph W. Baer Norman E. Jorgensen Frederick A. Morgan, Jr. Robert B. Cook Ethel M. Katz 1949 Richard K. Pelz Leo Herzel Frances B. Corwin Theodore M. Asner Richard H. Prins Maurice H. Jacobs A. Eugene Grossmann. 1944 Arthur E. Berlin James M. Ratcliffe Jack Joseph Burton W. Kanter Jr. George T. Bogert McKnight Brunn Milton L. Ray Charles E. Lindell Karl R. Janitzky William P. Steinbrecher David W. Burnet Jerome W. Sandweiss G. Manne John A. Johnson Henry T. Synek Ralph J. Coletta F. Max Schuette #Henry P. Harold I. Kahen Sheldon O. Collen #John D. Schwartz Nancy Martin I. Martin Joseph Lazar 1945 Jack Corinblit *Henry L. Stern Stephen Moses David Linn Ralph B. Ettlinger Robert W. Crowe Sherwin J. Stone Paul E. William O. Newman Donald C. McKinlay #Raymond G. Feldman Richard G. Dinning C. Richard Walker Bernard Moritz [Leonard D. Goldberg Urchie B. Ellis Calvin Ninomiya * Alexander H. Herta Prager Daniel Fogel 1951 Pope Thelma Brook Simon 1946 Ray H. Garrison Anonymous (1) *Walter Roth * A. Bruce Daniel C. Smith #Nancy G. Feldman Samuel D. Golden Howard Adler, Jr. Schimberg Allison Richard F. Scott Hope H. Stepan Lorraine Goldberg Eugene M. Johnson Paul J. A. Siff Saul I. Stern Louis W. Levit Norman Karlin Arthur J. Baer, Jr. Lowell Bowman Marshall Soren Seymour Tabin *George W. Overton, Jr. Frank D. Kenney Harold H. * A. Weiler Barrington D. Parker Abe Krash Robert Bronstein Roger 1941 Sidney I. Lezak Edward R. De Grazia *Bernard Weisberg *Walter J. Blum 1947 Bernard N. Marcantel Fred J. Dopheide "Edwin P. Wiley William M. Brandt * Stuart Bernstein William T. Martin, Jr. Herbert C. Ephraim Thomas W. Yoder Mabel W. Brown Laurence A. Carton *JamesJ. McClure, Jr. Elliot S. Epstein 1953 Sherman P. Corwin John A. Cook Mordecai M. More Alvin Fross * James M. Davran Jacob L. Fox John A. Morris Gerald B. Greenwald Jean Allard Edward R. Gustafson Harold L. Goldman John J. Naughton Fritz F. Heimann JostJ. Baum Howard G. Hawkins, Jr. Ruth G. Goldman *Richard M. Orlikoff #Walter F. Hoffmann William E. Bertholf, Jr. J. Gordon Henry Ernest Greenberger James B. Parsons, Jr. Maynard J. Jaffe *Robert H. Bork Delcome B. Hollins Donald M. Hawkins Mildred G. Peters John E. Jensen John W. Bowden E. Brown Byron E. Kabot John Korf Victor S. Peters Laurence R. Lee Ralph Chirelstein #Jerome S. Katzin Howard R. Koven Henry W. Phillips Manning K. Leiter Marvin Fred A. Messerschmidt Richard A. Mugalian *George D. Ramspeck Marshall E. Lobin Robert V. Dalenberg Robert H. Mohlman Paul Noelke Margaret Rosenheim Marshall L. Lowenstein Warren P. Eustis N. Fisher Jerome Moritz David Parson Joseph P. Roth Abner J. Mikva Harry J. Leonard Schermer *Donald A. Petrie Antonio R. Sarabia Joseph Minsky *Merrill A. Freed E. Levin John N. Shephard Seymour Schriar *James H. Shimberg M. Thomas Murray #Daniel Robert A. Simon S. Dell Scott Bernard H. Siegan Edward H. Nakamura William M. Marutani Robert S. Milnikel Maynard I. Wishner Arnold A. Silvestri *Karl F. Nygren * 1942 Bert E. Sommers Alfred M. Palfi George J. Phocas Herman B. Bergman 1948 Morris Spector Eustace T. Pliakas Laurence Reich Wallace M. Norton J. Come Anonymous (1) Marvin T. Tepperman Dan R. Roin Rudolph Stillerman #George J. Cotsirilos Thomas R. Alexander Robert S. Weber Paul A. Rosenblum Richard Charles F. R. Williams Allyn J. Franke #George L. Arnold Donald H. Weeks Russ, Jr. John *Maurice F. Fulton Charles M. Constantine Vytold C. Yasus Minoru Shibata 1954 Joseph J. Gasior #Donald B. Cronson Arthur W. Zarlengo Jack M. Siegel Oliver V. Axster E. Ernest Goldstein Zenia S. Goodman John E. Zimmerman Gerald S. Specter Stein Boris Auerbach Charlotte B. Hamilton #Lawrence Howe Sheldon R. B. Robert H. Harlan Harold A. Katz 1950 Thomas R. Sternau Gregory Beggs William Welsh Renato John B. Howard Jack S. Krakauer Lowell H. Bennett J. Beghe * G. White David M. Brenner Lorenz F. Koerber, Jr. Julius M. Lehrer William R. Brandt Frederick Alan R. Brodie William W. Laiblin Leonard Lewis Donald J. Dreyfus A. Philip R. Lawrence Arthur C. Mayer Stanley R. Fine Hugh Brodkey Arthur L. Content Herbert Lesser Robert A. McCord *Arnold M. Flamm Harry J. Levi Donald R. Newkirk Jack E. Frankel Arthur M. Oppenheimer *Lawrence W. Rabb, Jr. Russell J. Parsons Richard C. Reed John W. Rogers Nancy M. Sherman # Restricted gift Restricted and unrestricted gifts

= Deceased

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 41 Leo Feldman 1957 Matthew E. Brislawn Ira S. Bell 1961 Vernon H. Houchen M. Alex John Kenneth V. Butler Roger H. Bernhardt Roland Adickes George S. Lundin *Ronald Pauline J. Aronberg Corthell John W. Castle George P. Blake Robert E. Stuart B. Belanoff Nagle, Jr. Robert L. Doan H. Collyer Church, Jr. Gene B. Brandzel #Alan Rosenblat Richard B. Berryman Alfred J. Gemma Lawrence M. C�hen Philip L. Bransky Edwin H. Shanberg B. Block V. Stanley John Gilhooly John K. Connor Lorens Q. Brynestad Jay L. Smith Miriam L. Chesslin W. John Gosselin Edward J. Cunningham James C. Conner William A. Soules *Robert C. Claus Leonard Greenwald #Diana S. Eagon Donald C. Dowling Hubert Thurschwell *George 1. Cowell Norman J. Hanfling Edward K. Eberhart *Donald E. Egan *Kenneth W. Dam Kenneth Howell David K. Floyd Richard R. Elledge 1955 D. John Donlevy Thomas W. Huber Perry B. Goldberg David M. Evans Norman Abrams *C. Curtis Everett #John Jubinsky R. Dickey Hamilton Roberta G. Evans Charles T. Frank C. Fariss Beeching, Jr. Darrell D. Kellogg Luther A. Harthun James R. Faulstich D. Beem Carl B. Frankel Jack Charles W. Kiffin Ronald B. Hemstad Gabriel E. Gedvila Hugh A. Burns Barbara V. Fried L. Amy Klein David L. James #Mary A. Glendon M. Butler * Eugene #Ernest B. Goodman Sinclair Kossoff T. Kane * Joseph Haldon K. Grant C. Cramton Robert M. Green Roger *Mark S. Lieberman Evan M. Kjellenberg *Richard M. Harter John N. Dahle Alden Guild *Robert L. Lofts A. John Klaasen Paul H. Hauge Vincent L. Diana Daniel E. Johnson Robert J. Martineau Raymond J. Kuby James E. Hautzinger N. Du Canto Paul R. Klein Joseph *Frank D. Mayer, Jr. Norman G. Kurland Richard A. Heise Donald M. Ephraim *Howard G. Krane Thomas N. Jersild A. Daniel Feldman *Peter D. Lederer M. Leslie Kite Keith E. Louis V. Fry Mangrum Norman 1. Klein Harris A. Gilbert Robert N. Navratil Charles E. Kopman James C. Goodale *Dallin H. Oaks Richard Langerman Michael S. Gordon L. Rosenfeld "Sidney Donald A. Mackay R. Grimes Peter K. Sivaslian John Laurance P. Nathan Solomon I. Hirsh Smith Payton Michael Nussbaum M. B. George Joseph #Harry Sondheim Richard N. Adrian Ogle Kuyper Albert L. Parks Robert M. Lichtman 1958 S. Richard Pincus Robert B. Murdock Charles R. Andrews Jerry Pruzan Carleton F. Nadelhoffer E. Beaver *James *Stephen A. Schiller Thomas L. Nicholson Charles R. Brainard P. * Larry Scriggins Bernard Nussbaum Richard W. Burke J. Butler D. Shaffer Richard L. Ernest G. Crain Pollay Gordon M. Shaw William J. Reinke J. Stephen Crawford 6. Who is the odd man out these former Arthur M. Solomon Kenneth S. Tollett Charles F. Custer among and Lois Solomon Frederick L. Tomblin Allen C. faculty members, why? Engerman Herbert J. Stern Alan S. Ward S. (a) Kenneth W. Dam; *Terry Fagen (b) Harry Kalven, Jr. ; Gerhard Stoll *Harold A. Ward III Ward Farnsworth Edward H. Phil C. Dallin * (c) Levi; (d) Neal; (e) Allen M. Turner Charles J. Wong Donald W. Frenzen H. Ernst W. Puttkammer. Oaks; (f) *Donald M. Wessling Michael A. William W. Wyatt Fulmer David M. Francis Gerlits Wittenberg J. Michael W. Zavis 1956 Robert C. Gobelman Harry R. Adler Donald M. Green Melvin S. Newman Peter F. Langrock 1962 Harry T. Allan Ralph J. Henkle C. David Peebles Sheldon L. Lebold Barry M. Barash Donald E. Arnell James C. Hormel #William P. Richmond Gerald F. Munitz Allan E. Biblin Ingrid L. Beall Charles E. Hussey II #Eric M. Rosenfeld Edward T. O'Dell, #Martin F. Bloom Suzanne B. Clarke William S. Kaufman Jr. *George L. Saunders, Jr. Nathan P. Owen Richard W. Bogosian Langdon A. Collins David Y. Klein Richard J. Schreiber Bruce D. Patner John C. Brooks Joseph Davis *Fred R. Mardell Richard J. Scupi Jan M. Schlesinger Martin N. Burke III B. Mark Fried #Melvin Margolies Miodrag N. Sukijasovic Paul Schreiber Bruce D. Campbell Gerald F. Giles Carol E. Miller, Jr. George W. Unverzagt McNeil V. Seymour, Jr. *David S. Chernoff Lewis R. Ginsberg Oral O. Miller .' Stanley M. Wanger Arthur H. Smith Gerald A. Cohn Solomon Gutstein A. Ritsher John Robert H. Wier Robert E. Don * John A. Spanogle, Jr. Richard K. Hooper Frederic P. Roehr III Donald M. Spanton James A. Donohoe Michael L. Igoe, Jr. Neal D. Rosenfeld 1960 Henry J. Steenstra, Jr. David P. Earle III Clyde W. McIntyre John G. Satter, Jr. Sidney P. Abramson George P. Lowell N. Elsen George Miron A. Sutherland Stephan Joe Peter Achermann B. William B. Fisch Robert D. Ness Ronald L. Tonidandel Harvey Stephens Neil H. Adelman Ross P. Walker Michael J. Freed Marvin E. Pollock Robert E. Ulbricht Benjamin P. Alschuler Ralph E. David B. Goshien Robert C. Poole Julius Y. Yacker Wiggen Stuart A. Keith A. Williams Edward B. Marvin Sacks Applebaum Greensfelder, David R. Babb Arthur Winoker Jr. Donald M. Schindel 1959 Edward E. Yalowitz Charles H. Gustafson *Preble Stolz *George V. Bobrinskoy, Jr. Morton H. Willy G. Hallemeesch Victor L. Walchirk S. Bodfish Zalutsky Jeanne William M. Ward Hegan J. Wright David C. Hilliard Allen T. Yarowsky Robert A. Jensen

42 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Arnold J. Karzov Russell M. Pelton, Jr. Zev Steiger John L. Weinberg 1967 Michael J. Kindred Charles B. Persell III Curtis L. Turner Thomas G. West William L. Achenbach Anne E. Kutak Vincent P. Reilly Michael R. Turoff Arthur Zilberstein C. David Anderson William C. Lee J. Timothy Ritchie Robert J. Vollen William A. Zolla John D. Ashcroft Richard L. Marcus Donald Segal Martin Wald James L. Baillie Fred A. Mauck Charles R. Staley 1966 #Judith E. Ball Sheldon M. Meizlish Robert E. Stevens 1965 Howard B. Abrams Milton M. Barlow Morrie Much Dennis J. Tuchler Dennis R. Baldwin Stephen L. Babcock Jerry M. Barr Robert W. Ogren Edward R. Vrdolyak Marvin A. Bauer George E. Badenoch John R. Beard Louis E. Rosen Robert G. Weber Gordon A. Becker II Steve M. Barnett Joel Behr David M. Rothman Jack L. Wentz W. Donald Boe, Jr. Karl R. Barnickol III James L. Billinger Harold S. Russell #Stephen Wizner Andy L. Bond Steven L. Bashwiner Neal J. Block Frank L. Schneider Alec P. Bouxsein "Robert M. Berger William J. Bowe Fred K. Schomer 1964 #Michael E. Braude James E. Betke Geoffrey A. Braun Gerald J. Sherman Terence J. Anderson Yung F. Chiang Charles C. Bingaman James A. Broderick Howard J. Silverstone Gilbert F. Asher *Frank Cicero, Jr. Roland E. Brandel Edwin S. Brown Sheldon M. Sisson * Melinda Bass John T. Conlee *David N. Brown Charles R. Bush M. Raymond I. Skilling Lawrence G. Becker *James M. Cowley Donald J. Christl George Covington Robert A. Smith Fredrick E. Breen Seymour H. Dussman Jerry N. Clark #Peter H. Darrow Robert 1. Starr Edward M. Burgh Charles L. Edwards Roger L. Clough #Bernardine R. Dohrn Henry H. Stern, Jr. Gerald B. Cohn Tim J. Emmitt *Lewis M. Collens Gene E. Dye Stephen E. Tallent Josef D. Cooper #William J. Essig #John C. Cratsley Morris G. Dyner * Charles F. Vihon L. Jorn Dakin Bruce S. Feldacker Dennis M. DeLeo Robert Eastburn, Jr. Eugene H. Wachtel Joseph N. Darweesh Gail P. Fels Robert J. Diercks Keith E. Eastin William B. Weidenaar Samayla Deutch #Henry F. Field Richard N. Doyle David W. Ellis Laurin A. Wollan, Jr. Robert J. Donnellan Sherman D. Fogel Leonard P. Edwards II Andrew L. Fabens III Robert A. Woodford Frank C. Dunbar III Frank E. Forsythe Terry Y. Feiertag *George P. Felleman Ralph G. Wrobley John S. Eskilson Roger R. Fross Martin G. Fogelson Richard T. Franch John R. Falby, Jr. *Joseph H. Golant #Paul F. Gleeson John T. Gaubatz 1963 Richard I. Fine Robert J. Goldberg Lyn 1. Goldberg Alvin J. Geske Alexander C. Allison Robert J. Geiger Michael Gordon #Melvin B. Goldberg Charles P. Gordon Gary L. Bengston Linn C. Goldsmith Robert W. Gray Micalyn S. Harris Thomas A. Gottschalk George F. Bruder Frank M. Grazioso Daniel B. Greenberg Craig E. Jameson Richard L. Grand-Jean #Philip T. Carter William S. Hanley Janice C. Griffith David J. Joyce Irwin L. Gubman Ronald S. Cope *Harold L. Henderson William A. Halama James F. Kelley *Stephen W. Guittard David L. Crabb David 1. Herbst Joel L. Handelman Peter R. Kolker #Laura B. Hoguet Gary E. Davis John D. Hertzer Patrick H. Hardin Elbert J. Kram John C. Hoyle Terry D. Diamond Albert F. Hofeld, Jr. Carl A. Hatch *Duane W. Krohnke Christopher Jacobs Harris S. Robert U. Dini *George B. Javaras Lawrence T. Hoyle, Jr. Roclyne E. La Porte Jaffe Donald E. Elisburg Robert V. Johnson Chester T. Kamin David C. Landgraf Peter M. Kennel Paul J. Galanti Malcolm S. Kamin #Peter P. Karasz Ronald E. Larson *James L. Knoll * Anthony C. Gilbert Sidney Kaplan Daniel P. Kearney Patricia H. Latham Melburn E. Laundry Sheldon M. Gisser Richard M. Kates A. Larkin Kirkman #Mary L. Leahy Michael A. Lerner *Burton E. Glazov Richard G. Kinney Michael B. Lavinsky *Neil M. Levy #Peter J. Levin Gene E. Godley #Edmund W. Kitch Leonard D. Levin James A. Lewis Robert M. Levin Philip J. Grib Lillian E. Kraemer #David M. Liebenthal Alfred R. Lipton Mark S. Levy Thomas M. Haney David E. Mason Merle W. Loper #David C. Long Boardman Lloyd P. Noel Kaplan *Laurel J. McKee #Paul J. Marino Donald L. McGee Hans Lundgaard Ross R. Kinney Robert E. McKee Thomas A. McSweeny Peter J. Messitte Philip A. Mason Charles Kleinbaum James J. McNamara David B. Midgley Stephen E. Mochary Thomas P. Mehnert David S. Kreisman Allen J. Nelson #Walker D. Miller James L. Nachman Michael E. Meyer #Rex E. Lee Kenneth B. Newman Peter J. Mone Leslie F. Nute David R. Minge K. George W. Liebmann Alan R. Orschel Thomas D,. Morgan Mark R. Ordower Mary Mochary E. Mullen Thomas M. Mansager Gerald M. Penner #Stuart C. Nathan Richard E. Poole John 1. Michael J. Marks David L. Porter Thomas E. Nelson Ceorge A. Ranney, Jr. James Myers P. Norwick Peter E. Riddle Linda T. Neal #James C. Marlas Stuart G. Rosen Kenneth Allan B. McKittrick David B. Sarver Daniel N. Parker *Walter J. Robinson III Robert H. Nichols II E. Ornstein Maurice J. McSweeney #David A. Saunders Daniel R. Pascale #Bruce H. Schoumacher #Stanley *Lee B. McTurnan Frederick R. Schneider Kenneth L. Pursley Michael L. Shakman #Gary H. Palm C. Ramo Joseph C. Miller Robert L. Seaver Jeffrey S. Ross Robert A. Skirnick #Roberta D. Ruff John E. Nelson *Mitchell S. Shapiro Bernard A. Schlifke Robert C. Spitzer #John William P. O'Keefe, Jr. William L. Sharp Mary M. Schroeder *David S. Tatel Steven J. Sacher N. David Palmeter Martin P. Sherman Milton R. Schroeder Voyle C. Wilson Don S. Samuelson Donald S. Shire Terry J. Smith Frank H. Wohl Justin M. Schwamm Carol R. Silver William C. Snouffer Joe C. Young Marsha B. Shanle Stephen M. Slavin Dale V. Springer Thomas R. Shanle #Edward E. Vaill Thomas J. Wagner # Restricted gift Restricted and unrestricted gifts t Deceased

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 43 Robert A. Silverstein 1969 1970 Roger N. Gold Robert D. Claessens M. Smokevitch #Mark N. Aaronson John Kenneth L. Adams Robert W. Green David R. Clowers Kenneth I. Solomon W. #Frederick Axley Alfred C. Aman, Jr. "Steven A. Grossman David N. Cook Michael L. Stein Lee F. Benton Arthur H. Anderson, Jr. Chaitanya Gurtu Harlan M. Dellsy *Michael F. Sullivan M. Joel Bernstein Frederic J. Artwick *Steven P. Handler John A. Erich Tsubota E. Blitz Junjiro J. Harvey #Michael D. Bailkin Joseph C. Hanlon Howard G. Ervin III #Edward M. David M. Waller, Jr. Blodgett #Sara J. Bales Schuyler K. Henderson Deborah C. Franczek Fred B. Weil S. Judith Boggs Gerardo M. Boniello John W. Hough #David J. Gerber S. Wine Uzzell S. Branson III Barry Peter W. Bruce Marc R. Isaacson Wilbur A. Glahn III E. C. Sidney Wurzburg Stephen Curley C. John Buresh Jeffrey Jahns Don E. Glickman R. Yates L. Dawson Stephen George Jack P. Caolo Alan N. Kaplan Richard A. Hanson #Franklin E. Hendrik De Zimring Jong Walter S. Carr Steven Z. Kaplan Stephen J. Herson M. * John Delehanty Martin R. Cohen Karen J. Kaplowitz Aaron E. Hoffman 1968 A. Denvir * #Quin #James W. Daniels Robert A. Kelman Alan J. Howard Janet R. Ashcroft #Robert N. Dokson Dean Jonathan Thomas L. Kirner Marian S. Jacobson Richard I. Alan R. Dominick Erica L. Badger Dolgin Peter M. Lauriat Donald W. Jenkins H. Barash Charles L. Anthony Dostal, Jr. Judith S. Dubester Carl B. Lee Jerald A. Kessler Karl M. Becker Eric J. Engstrom Alan J. Farber #Charles A. Linn Cary I. Klafter Dale E. Beihoffer H. * John Ferguson Richard S. Frase Adam M. Lutynski Richard A. Kruk Frank N. Bentkover "Susan A. Henderson John M. Friedman, Jr. David D. MacKnight *Jeffrey T. Kuta I. E. Hill Joseph Bentley John #Aviva Futorian Neal D. Madden Norman E. Lanford #Joel Harold C. Hirshman E. Gelb Berger #Marjorie Philip R. McLoughlin James P. Lansing Robert F. Berrey "Linda R. Hirshman S. Goddess *Jeffrey Alexander M. Meiklejohn J. Kenneth Mangum Case Danny J. Boggs Hoogendoorn Joseph H. Groberg #J ames W. Mercer #Neal S. Millard A. Bonderman Allan Horwich * Judith James H. Hedden Leonard P. Nalencz Donna M. Murasky Steven L. Clark Lawrence H. Hunt, Jr. Margaret Hedden #Ralph G. Neas, Jr. Lawrence G. Newman L. Crooks S. Geoffrey Marilyn Ireland *Walter Hellerstein Joel S. Newman Robert E. Nord Volker Dahlgruen Thomas V. Irwin A. * George Hisert, Jr. Andra Oakes Vincent F. O'Rourke, Jr. Paul Falick Randall M. Jacobs *Edwin E. Huddleson III #Mark R. Pettit, Jr. Barbara F. Petersen P. Falk Dennis L. John Jarvela Charles C. Ivie James M. Prickett Thomas Pillari Richard F. Friedman A. John Johnson Paul F. Jock II Michael D. Ridberg H. L. Preston #Ronald B. Grais Harold R. Juhnke Randolph N. Jonakait Franklin J. Riesenburger Robert I. Richter L. Grausam H. Jeffrey *Joel Kaplan #Garry A. Lakin James E. Rottsolk David M. Rieth Ronald L. Hirsch Daniel M. Katz Terry A. McIlroy Donna P. Saunders Paul T. Ruttum Louis A. Huskins Thomas D. Kitch #Stanley H. Meadows James A. Serritella #Eileen L. Silverstein #William W. E. Jay Stephen Kitchen #Shelly M. Mercer Mark L. Silbersack #Robert H. Smith Daniel L. Kurtz Charles R. Levun James W. Paul Tefft W. Smith Ann E. Spiotto Thomas E. T. Lowenthal Lippard #Gary Lee T. Polk Gabriel N. Steinberg James E. Spiotto #Ann M. Lousin T. James Madej *Lawrence E. Rubin Mason W. Stephenson Robert J. Tonos #William H. Robert D. Martin Lynch Robert P. Schmidt #Lynn R. Sterman Thomas A. Waite E. Mann Moskowitz James Jules Herbert R. Schulze Robert I. Stier Jeffrey D. Warren #Charles A. Marvin David B. Paynter Mark B. Simons *Geoffrey R. Stone #Robert R. Watson Barbara W. Mather Thomas L. Ray John B. Truskowski William R. Sullivan, Jr. T. Michael Mather Howard J. Read Francis E. Vergata Elizabeth H. Tockman 1973 R. David Rich Philip McKnight J. Kim A. Zeitlin *Peter M. Van Zante Larry A. Abbott Lee M. Mitchell R. Richardson James #Bernard Zimmerman Robert J. Vancrum #David J. Achtenberg E. Morrow Brent D. John Riggs Paul W. Voegeli Joseph Alexander Harve H. Filmore E. Mossawir, Jr. Rose 1971 Mark B. Weinberg "Simon H. Aronson Roger L. Price #Peter W. Schroth S. Barry Alberts *Hugh S. Wilson Frederick E. Attaway #James W. Rankin Daniel Seifer B. J. Rosemary Avery Bruce H. Wyatt Mary L. Azcuenaga G. William L. Severns * James Reynolds Robert B. Barnett Michael F. Baccash Richard M. Milan D. Rieser, Jr. Smith, Jr. Jerry H. Biederman 1972 #Gary H. Baker E. Jan J. Sagett Byron Starns, Jr. Daniel I. Booker David M. Allen Victor Bass Deming E. Sherman A. Richard M. Botteri Stephen Tagge Mary D. Allen #Robert S. Berger Donald L. Shulman Kenneth R. Talle Samuel D. Clapper Kenneth E. Armstrong Steve A. Brand David M. Barron M. * Stigler Tenny Lawrence J. Corneck Samuel M. Baker Roger T. Brice #Thomas P. Stillman Ursula Tenny William H. Cowan Wendy C. Binder David A. Bronner *Laurence N. Strenger Henry J. Underwood, Jr. John T. Duax David C. Bogan Jean W. Burns N. Thomas U John Tierney nterman James E. Fearn, Jr. *Fern C. Bomchill Ronald G. Carr Robert E. Van Metre L. Verveer * Philip *Justine Fischer Steven S. Bowen Robert W. Clark III C. Nicholas #Gordon G. Waldron Vogel James C. Franczek Timothy D. Bradbury Rick R. Cogswell Heathcote W. Wales Clifford L. Weaver Michael R. Friedberg Carol Moseley Braun Howard A. Cohen William R. Wallin H. White James #Michael P. Gardner Michael A. Braun #Stephen A. Cohen Warfield *Howard M. James J. Wilchins David W. Gast Joseph J. Bronesky *Rand L. Cook T. Williams P. Wilkins James John #Robert L. Brubaker Donald M. Crook Edward M. Michele 0. Williams Zachary JohnJ. Buckley, Jr. John R. Crossan Kenneth W. Yeates *George J. Casson, Jr. Christopher C. De Muth Michael E. Chubrich *Frank H. Easterbrook #Steven L. Fisher #Wilson P. Funkhouser, Jr. George F. Galland, Jr. Douglas H. Ginsburg

44 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD C. Nehls 1975 "Richard F. Spooner Richard *Jerold H. Goldberg #John M. Clear W. Allen Robert S. Stern Thomas M. Pflaum Matthew B. Gorson Michael G. Cleveland David K. Arenson 1. Stewart, Lee A. Pollock #Dennis C. Gott Rudolph F. Dallmeyer Gregory John Jr. Pritzker L. Aronson David S. Tenner #Thomas J. Howard O. Hagen Nathan H. Dardick "Virginia L. Vernon Phillip E. Recht "Steven L. Harris #Beth B. Davis James Austin, Jr. #George Rieser Sharon Baldwin Howard L. Vickery #Leonard #Carolyn J. Hayek Darrell L. DeMoss *Bonnie A. Barber HGeorge Volsky Edward J. Roche, Jr. HRaymond P. Hermann Patrick J. Ellingsworth W. Barnard HPamela P. Wassmann James J. Romanek Thomas C. Hill H. Anderson Ellsworth HJayne * Schamis Peter M. Barnett Robert F. Weber Jeffrey B. Irene S. Holmes Philip E. Garber D. Bash R. Wedoff Timothy Shouvlin Oliver L. Holmes Norden S. Gilbert HCharles Eugene B. Bauer HEdward G. Wierzbicki John D. Shuck Richard P. Horn Louis B. Goldman HPatrick Russell L. Winner HLawrence A. Silver Leland E. Hutchinson Howard H. Greengard *Marc O. Beem, Jr. P. Witten A. Edward T. Hand William W. Bennett, Jr. John Rupert Simpson Kirk B. Johnson * S. Brown H. Wu Rayman L. Solomon Michael F. Steven E. Hartz Geraldine George Jones Stein B. Chesnin Steven G. HPeggy L. Kerr *Michael R. Hassan HSidney A. Cole 1976 Robert E. Stigger Peter Kontio Stephen L. Haynes HThomas HThomas Allen *Winnifred F. Sullivan M. Kraus HEllen Eugene J. Corney J *Douglas Higgins * L. Andrus Michael J. Sweeney Michael S. Kurtzon M. Hirschhorn VincentJ. Connelly, Jr. Joseph James Ricki R. H. HKaren S. Austin Tigert *H. Douglas Laycock Kathleen J. Hittle HWilliam Crispin Frederick Bailey III Leland E. Tomlinson Lee James E. Honkisz Anne E. Dewey J. HTimothy J. Turner Erickson Thomas W. Roger D. Delos N. Lutton K. Hughes HDiane Bergdall John D. Turner Feinman S. Berry Sally Bruce R. MacLeod Ted R. Jadwin Jay M. Christopher D. Uffner Feirson A. Bindeman Jeffrey Richard P. Matthews Russell D. Jones Steven B. Sherry Washburn Fineman Alan H. Blankenheimer *John A. Donald T. Arthur G. Kidman HMartha L. McDougall Andrew Wistrich M. Frandsen Michael W. Blaszak J. Timothy V. McGree HJohn M. Kimpel HRonald Brower #David C. Worrell W. #William A. Geller #John E. Henry J. Mohrman, Jr. Herbert Krueger, Jr. * C. Zaander Alan S. Gilbert Terrence E. Budny #Mark Howard A. Roy F. Lawrence Nagelberg G. S. Gilmartin Donald R. Cassling Mary Ziegler *Mitchell J. Nelson Thomas M. Levine Wayne Ronald S. Goldblatt A. Cassling *Ellen C. Newcomer Glen S. Lewy Sally C. Rimas F. Cernius 1977 Ronald R. Peterson Robert W. Linn Walter Greenough F. Adams "David A. B. Curtis *John #Daniel B. Pinkert HKenneth W. Lipman Grossberg #George D. Anderson W. Hanson C. Davis Mark L. Priest S. Lubbers Ronald Holly George #Jeffrey Martin P. Averbuch Ann R. Heitland Robert L. Ebe Jerome C. Randolph Alan H. Maclin Michael F. Eichert Thomas A. Balmer #Steven M. Rosen C. Maclin John J. Jacobsen, Jr. Joan Banchero T. Seth A. Eisner E. Jeffrey David L. Ross L. Madoff #Dean Jost Jeffrey * Bartsch Harold L. Steven Fiffer #Ann V. Gerald G. Saltarelli Paul C. Marengo Kaplan J. Bird *Ruth E. Klarman #William L. Fillmore *James R. George E. Sang James B. McHugh A. Thomas M. Fitzpatrick #Douglas C. Blomgren #Michael Schatzow A. McLees Rodney Knight HJohn Braun Charles H. Daniel P. Gallagher, Jr. Neil S. "Thomas E. Schick Raymond M. Mehler Koch, Jr. * Brown Alan M. Koral Geslewitz #Johnine J. Kenneth R. Schmeichel Mark R. Miller #Irving Buik A. Kurtz Martha E. Gifford Richard D. Marc P. Seidler Michael Mills #Harvey Burson Leslie L. Larson Robert C. Glustrom #Scott F. Robert A. *Michael R. Moravec Snyder Daniel P. Pamela D. Larson L. Goldin Cooney Robert M. Star Franklin A. Nachman Barry P. Lennard Bruce M. Graham #Cynthia Drabek Stanley M. Stevens Martha S. Nachman Jeffrey David R. Greenbaum Randall R. Eley #Daniel Niehans Gerard Leval John J. Tigert J. Charles L. Ronald M. Levin Mark E. Grummer Ephraim William H. Tobin #Stuart I. Oran Escher III Deborah Lisker E. Harris Henry J. #Thomas C. Walker A. Parness J. #Anthony #Jeffrey R. Fischel F. Peter D. Heinz #Daniel Neil S. Weiner Michael E. Pietzsch *William Lloyd Deborah D. Fraser M. Luzzie Morris P. Hershman E. Kent Willoughby Stephen N. Roberts #Christine E. Robert Bruce L. Rockwood Bruce R. Maughan James Hipolit Fryd M. Huff Robert D. Gecht 1974 Matthew A. Rooney #Kay McCurdy *Roger Durward M. Miller M. Hurwitz J. Gehring #Robert M. Axelrod Lawrence Rosen James *Joel L. Millner #Robert L. Barbra Goering Thomas A. Baker Michael A. Rosenhouse Robert B. Jolley, Jr. Reed Groethc Paul Moates David A. Kalow James M. Ball Kay L. Schichtel *G. Anne G. Kimball Philip E. Harris Sheldon I. Banoff Glenn E. Schreiber #David E. Morgans "Laura G. Hassan Ordower M .. Klein E. Bartels *Donald L. Schwartz Henry M. Christopher *James Kovac #Mark * M. Patinkin George L. J. Heyrman *Philip H. Bartels Susan J. Schwartz Hugh Peter A. Kurer John T. Hickey, Jr. Frederick W. Bessette #Keith E. Secular Susan J. Peavoy Howard P. Lakind #Andrew W. Horstman Keith H. Duane E. Shinnick *Gloria C. Phares Beyler Kiselis Robert Pondolfi W. Kirk Liddell Anthony J. Joseph D. Bolton Miles 0. Smith #Donald Liebentritt "Andrew Kull Richard Bronstein John A. Strain #Nicholas J. Pritzker J. J. *Dana H. Kull * W. Renz Mitchell J. Lindauer *Stephen R. Buchenroth Barry Sullivan Greg M. Robb Frederick V. Lochbihler John E. Burns Frederick B. Thomas #Dennis *Thorn Rosenthal Marcus Benson T. Caswell #J ames S. Whitehead George J. #Ronald K. Sakimura Joseph D. Mathewson James J. Clarke II *Marc R. Wilkow H. McMillin #Erich P. Wise "Richard L. Schmalbeck Larry Richard #Susan A. Wise JohnJ. Scott, Jr. J. Metzger S. Neal L. Wolf David E. Shipley Jack Meyer Alison W. Miller Julian J. Zweber # Restricted gift Samuel S. Mullin Restricted and unrestricted gifts Deceased

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 45 J. Stephen Lawrence, Jr. James H. Fox #Deborah Leff #Sherry W. Gilbert Barbara A. Lerner #Mitchell D. Goldsmith James T. Lindgren David F. Graham *Richard M. Lipton Richard A. Hackett John E. Lopatka Adrianne R. Hawes Mark C. Mamolen William C. Heffernan #Michael S. Mandell David A. Herpe #Robert M. Mark Laurence Jackson William P. Marshall *David A. Jenkins Joel C. Martin Daniel D. Kaplan JohnJ. McCoy Lucille R. Kaplan #Diantha McJilton Charles M. King J. Alexander Meleney Debra S. Koenig #David R. Melton *Lance E. Lindblom Thomas W. Merrill *Marjorie P. Lindblom *Michael C. Miller Gregory P. Lindstrom Deborah H. Morris #Margaret J. Livingston Paul M. Murphy *James R. Looman Emily Nicklin #Maureen E. Mahoney The new Placement area Mary S. Nissenson Elaine Massock Stephen F. O'Byrne Thomas F. McKim *Theresa C. O'Loughlin #Portia O. Morrison 7. As you know, during the Fall each Douglas W. Otto David C. Mullin quarter year, law firms interview James D. Parsons C. Owen Paepke second-year students, for future How *RebeccaJ. Patten #Anthony J. Paticchio possible employment. many Alan law firms were M. Posner *Claire E. Pensyl represented at the Law School in Lucy F. Reed William T. Quicksilver 1987? David S. Richman #Martha Ratnoff (a) 193; (b) 247; (c) 404; 555. Lawrence (d) 1. Richman Robert H. Riley *Carol M. Rose #Howard J. Roin *Lee H. Rosenthal #Andrew M. Rosenfield George S. Rosie Antonio R. Sarabia II * Steven A. Andrew Schlickman Leonard Friedman Rothenberg J. Elizabeth C. Madsen Stuart A. Cohn *Suzanne R. Sawada M. #Joan Shaughnessy lnge Fryklund Joseph C. Markowitz A. Conable Ronald Schreiber #Margaret Robert A. Sherwin Edgar C. Patricia L. Gentry Maslinoff #Howard J. Davis *Richard M. Schwartz Shurlow #Scott D. Gilbert Nancy J. Michael W. McConnell F. Ellen Duff Susan N. Stearns Barbara A. Smith #Laura A. Ginger WilliamJ. McKenna, Thomas V. Dale B. Tauke Jr. Dulcich Joel A. Stein Larry M. Goldin K. Jacques Meguire J ames I. Edelson E. Pamela Trow-Liddell Martha K. Stone Kim A. Goodhard #Jerome B. Meites #Glenn M. *Peter L. Wellington Leslie A. Donald R. Gordon Engelmann Stulberg Robert J. Minkus #James D. Fiffer Douglas H. Williams Curtis A. Ullman *Robert V. Gunderson, Jr. Kathryn S. Mueller #Linda E. Fisher Gary J. Winston Andrea R. Waintroob L. Hammond Gregory James T. David A. Carl E. Nyeste Florman Witschy Jerry B. Wallack Carol C. Hayes Orf Roger James H. Foster #Timothy D. Wolfe Thomas R. Robert A. Hazel Wilhelmy Rebecca R. Pallmeyer Robert S. Garrick Charles C. Yast Bobbie #Karen B. Herold Jo Winship #Gregory L. Poppe Robert C. F. Gislason #Richard Zehnle G. Wrobel L. Debra Gregory Phillip Jackson A. Robinson G. Michael C. Zukowski Philip Hampton II Jeffrey W. Jacobs Mark S. Sauter Lafayette G. Harter III 1979 James R. Janz #Randall D. Schmidt 1978 William E. Hewitt Thomas W. Albrecht #Dennis P. Johnson Harry H. Schneider, Jr. Ross Kaufman *John J. Almond, Jr. #Victor N. Baltera Carol A. Johnston Mark N. Schneider *Charles M. IV David L. Applegate Andrew L. Barber Emile Karafiol Kennedy Joanne M. Schreiner Steven A. H. Nicholas Kersten Berberian U rs L. Eileen M. Robert C. Baumgartner Kennedy Shearer L. Klaff Donald S. Bernstein Ramsay *Kenneth J. Berman Barry J. Kerschner Suzanna Sherry * Marilyn G. Klawiter #Wendy M. Bradburn Michael S. Bernstein Robert J. Kopecky Cynthia A. Sliwa #Daniel E. Larkin David R. Brown Donald J. Joseph A. La Vela Alan D. Smith Bingle Cynthia R. Leder Randall E. Cape F. Lamar * George Bishop Marilyn Frederick J. M. G. Sperling Clyde Leff *Nancy Chaffetz Elizabeth A. Brown Thomas E. Lanctot *Priscilla C. Sperling #Frederick C. *Peter R. Chaffetz Thomas F. C. Laser Lowinger Bush, Jr. Joan Susan M. Swiss Steven A. Garry W. Cohen David A. Richard S. Leaman Marenberg Caprera Kenneth M. Taylor, Richard D. Bernadette Jr. Marshall Cole Celia R. Clark Susan M. Lee Susan L. Walker Elliot S. Orol John M. Coleman #Andrew H. Connor Michael J. Letchinger Herbert L. Zarov Alfredo R. Paul Cottrell Perez Kathleen A. Cox Nancy A. Lieberman L. Barry Zubrow Nicholas A. Poulos Loren E. Dessonville David K. Douglas F. Darbut Linnan * Raymond T. Reott Barbara Downey R. Randall Litteneker 1980 Lloyd Day, Jr. J. Michael E. Maurice S. Emmer Rigney *Michael A. * Donnella Wayne Luepker Fred M. Ackerson Elizabeth A. Samuels #Jerry Esrig #Marc C. Frankenstein Paul D. Lyman *Lynn S. Branham Richard L. Fenton *David M. Frankford Frank J. Caracciolo Ellen A. Fredel *Jeffrey R. Chanin #Dennis K. Frick

46 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Lee S. Liberman Thomas Kosco #Arthur E. Schmidt #Jeffrey C. Paulson David M. Novak J. Michael A. B. Kramer Charles V. Senatore Steven 1. Peretz Thomas P. Ogden Lindsay Larry Harriet L. Orol Patrick E. Kenneth A. Krasity Lee A. Shapiro #Vincent F. Prada Longan L. Patrick Peter Lubin Lousararian Michael J. Silver Patricia M. Relosky Shari James McKenna * G. #David Kenneth G. Barry C. Skovgaard Laura D. Richman #Richard Placey Lucey R. MacDowell K. Miller Stanley M. Spracker Valerie P. Roberts #Ann Reinke #John Mary Heidi Massa Will S. #Mitchell H. Stabbe #William F. Ryan #Joel I. Riff J. Montgomery Susan M. McCowin L. Nowaczewski #Ricardo L. Tate Charles F. Sawyer Thomas W. Rissman Jeanne * McMillen *Gail L. Peek "Charles S. Treat James J. Schneider Judith L. Rose #Patricia R. * S. Rothstein *Pamela M. *Clifford J. Peterson Eugene J. Vaughan Robert K. Sholl Jeffrey Meyerson Barbara S. Miller David C. Plache Milton S. Wakschlag *Mark W. Smith Henry Schmeltzer Miller F. PIache #Mark A. Wasserman Stephen R. Smith #Carleen S. Schreder #Binny Janet Miller Anne E. Rea Garth D. Wilson Paul Stanford *Thomas J. Scorza Maurice E. Paul G. Neilan Carlotta W. Rice *Marc O. Wolinsky *Jeffrey M. Strauss Corey R. Shanus #Pamela R. Schneider James M. Talent *Lynda G. Simpson Mark F. Rising David E. Schroeder 1981 Anne L. Tiffen Robert Z. Slaughter Maris M. Rodgon Frederick W. III R. #Anna B. Ashcraft Eduardo R. Vidal Wendi Sloane-Weitman Rohlfing Douglas Sharps E. C. Steen #Gordon C. Atkinson George N. Vurdelja, Jr. James H. Snowden John Ryan Jeffrey L. Santelle Elizabeth M. Streit #Jeremy A. Berman #Daniel P. Westman *Brad M. Sonnenberg James S. Schnell Mitchell A. Tanzman Barton A. Bixenstine #Diana C. White #Stephanie L. Striffler #Laura *William I. Schwartz Maureen A. Whiteman Michael W. Blair Daniel G. Wilczek #Carol E. Swanson Ronald A. Lawrence E. Wieman Joel N. Bodansky James E. Tancula Schy A. H. Bruce E. Braverman 1982 Henry N. Thoman Jonathan Siegel *Joseph Young Matthew D. Slater #Steven F. Brockhage #Amy L. Abrams Claire E. Toth Edward N. Stamm 1985 Alan C. Brown *Marion B. Adler Laurence M. Trusdell Shereen Anonymous (1) #Michael T. Buckley Lyle R. Anderson #David S. Turetsky Taylor Claire A. Weiler David Abelman Thomas P. Carroll #Walter J. Andrews Alison Whalen * Whitman Richard M. Weinroth Barry E. Adler . Robert B. Craig David R. Baker Susan R. #Mark D. Whitener Paula M. Bagger John A. Crittenden Carey S. Barney Helen E. Witt A. Winter K. Suzanne Steven Baskin Elaine D. Ziff-Leibman #Gretchen #Mary Bentley Ehrenberg * D. Witte Ross W. Blair #Stephen Fedo Kim F. Bixenstine Philip 1983 #Joanne E. Brown #Philip E. Fertik #Locke E. Bowman III A. Altabef 1984 Harry C. Bull Gregory J. Flemming Debra A. Cafaro Peter Altman B. Corney #Ellen S. Friedman Peter J. Cohen Susan P. #Jeffrey Alperin #James Barbara Anderson #Thomas G. Edward P. Gilbert #Charles W. Cope #Terry S. Arbit J. Dagger M. Beermann #Lance C. Balk *Jeffrey L. Davis *James A. Goodman Richard Cunningham #Jack H. Barrett Shari S. Diamond #Karen E. Gross *Charles G. Curtis, Jr. Robert J. Berg *James Marc L. Baum Antonia M. Donovan Sean M. Hanifin Robert P. Dahlquist Michael T. Brody * Adam Emmerich * E. Brown #Lori I. Bauman O. Jean R. Haynes David G. Dietze #James H. Burd Todd A. Bauman #Andrea E. Friedman *Thomas B. Haynes #Patrick P. Dinardo Daniel * L. Berra *Deborah A. Fross Janet S. Herbstman Jeff H. Eckland Denise B. Caplan Jose W. *Stuart E. Fross *Gail L. Heriot #John C. Eichman David J. Cholst #Bruce Boyd Claflin Willis R. C. Geoly Mitchell E. Herr #Cheryl A. Engelmann Deborah A. Buck, Jr. James Karen Canon T. Goetz David A. III G. Connor J. Raymond Heywood #Geoffrey Etherington John * R. Diaz-Arrastia *Etahn M. Cohen John J. Goggins III *David B. Jaffe Sandra F. Gelman George Andrew T. Cohn Mindy B. Gordon #Sara L. Johnson Mark P. Gergen C. Dicltey Jean�e R. Kathleen M. Hennessey Kristin H. Kerth Michael J. Gerhardt Timothy W. Diggins John Cooke, Jr. L. Doctoroff D. Hinton Peter D. Kerth David H. Glaser Sheri J. Engelken Daniel #Jacki Carrie K. Huff C.J�hn Koch Keith E. Graham Jeanne B. Ettelson David T. Erie R. Ettelson Steven R. Jakubowski Kathleen M. Kopp Joseph F. Griffin *James M. Finberg John Laurie N. Feldman #Deborah Jones Bryan Krakauer James M. Hamman #Eric Friedler I. Fieldman B. Josephson Bernard S. Kramer William M. Hardin Ethan J. Friedman Jonathan "Maury Patrick T. Scott L. Kafker Stanley J. Kull #Claire T. Hartfield Gary M. Friedman Finegan Robin C. Friedman Daniel F. Kaplan Hilary G. Lord Howard M. Heitner #Robert C. Goodman G. Gilles Ellen D. Kaplan Brenda L. Lyons Jonathan Honig Philip L. Harris Stephen Ross B. Green Scott B. Kapnick Marcy J. Mandel Rodrigo J. Howard Patricia W. Hatamyar #Suzanne S. Greene Mary E. Kazimer Douglas E. Markham #Jathan W. Janove Lisa A. Hausten Diane E. Greif Daniel T. Kessler #Daniel C. Marson #Harold E. Kahn Maureen M. Houlihan *Denise Nabil L. Khodadad #Kathryn McCary Leo Katz Anne M. Hutchins J. Harvey E. Carrie E. Killebrew #Richard H. McLeese Steven Koch Jeffrey J. Keenan #Vincent Hillery III Kevin #Julie M. Kunce Daniel J. Micciche Karl W. Krause, Jr. Thomas 0. Kelly J. Hochberg #Samuel M. Philip S. Kushner #Richard B. Muller Kenneth Krug #Jeffrey Kraus Hung L. Huston Alain G. LeCoque #Kevin M. Murphy Michael Lackner Howard S. Lanznar James Kathleen G. Keith A. Lee Hope G. Nightingale Jeffrey Lieberman Shale Lapping Kapnick Michael R. Lazerwitz A. Kaufman John M. O'Malley Alexander Lourie Randy A. Keen Janet D. Olsen J. Kent Mathewson Stephen W. Roger J. Patterson Alejandro D. Moglia #Douglas King #Lois C. Moonitz Michael S. Knoll Lawrence J. Moss # Restricted gift Ronald M. Neifield Restricted and unrestricted gifts r Deceased

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 47

___j Lerman Nancy 1986 "Rochelle L. Katz Richard W. Porter 1987 Stuart M. Litwin #Bryan S. Anderson Daniel L. Keating Kate Poverman #Ira J. Belcove #Michael B. Lubic Kim E. Ayvazian #Mark S. Kende Amy L. Ragen Elizabeth T. Bradley David M. Luna Thomas E. Bator Robert L. Kimball #Helen D. Reavis Andre L. Faoro McConnell #Saul A. Behar Stephen J. Melinda M. Kleehamer Nicolas Rhally Edward J. Fuhr #Robert P. Morris Darilyn W. Bock #Peter B. Krupp *Jill L. Rosenberg Leslie M. Greene C. *John Morrissey Elizabeth M. Brown Russell E. Levine Paul S. Rosenzweig Bruce A. Herzfelder Charles C. Neal * William J. Candee IV Steven W. Levitan Michael J. Salmanson James D. Kole Norman A. Pedersen III Richard A. Cordray #Geoffrey E. Liebmann Al B. Sawyers #Elizabeth Y. Kutyla #Robert K. Rasmussen Debbe K. Cowel #Lyonette Louis-Jacques C. Alan Schroeder #Erica M. Landsberg #Kathleen L. Roach Nancy E. Dorf Cathryn Ruggeri #Robin E. Schulberg Joel H. Levitin E. Roberts A. Lindsay James Downs #Marjorie J. MacLean Sharon A. Seeley Daniel J. O'Neill #Karen E. Rochlin P. James Fleissner #Deborah C. Malamud Perry J. Shwachman Mark A. Otness #Margo E. Ross Edward S. Goldman M. Marcus Patricia #Jerome J. Slater "Robert X. Perry III Steven R. Rowland Robert L. Golub #Bruce P. Mason #Daniel J. Standish #Tracy L. Potter Thomas F. Sax Matthew E. Hamel #James R. McMaster Daniel J. Sullivan Christian U. Rahn Clark S. Tomashefsky Sarah Hewitt M. McNicholas Charles E. J. *Janet Swanson Charles F. Smith, Jr. David J. Vandermeulen Andrew G. IIese S. Meltzer Humphrey Steven C. Wallace Stephen D. Spears James T. Vradelis Sally A. James Robert J. Mrofka J. Michael Williams Scott R. Williamson

Friends ] The Law School grateful- #Gerhard Casper #Gertrude W. and Howard #Betty Kalven #Tony Martinelli ly acknowledges gifts re- Hammond E. Chaffetz M. Goodwin Kansas State Bank and #Bernice Maskin ceived from the Bar following #Chicago Foundation Gerald R. Gorman Trust Company McDonald, Tinker, friends in 1987-88: #Chicago Community #Jack L. Gosden #Stanley N. Katz Skaer, Quinn & Trust #Eugene J. Grady #Nicholas deB. Herrington, P.A. S. Christian Anonymous (6) Betty #William W. and Velma R. Katzenbach #Jane E. McGregor Estate of Charles Aaron #Gerald Christian J. Gray Charles R. Kaufman #Ethel McQuistion #June F. Allen #The of A. City Chicago #William Greenberg #Charles H. Kellstadt Daniel J. Meltzer and A. Allwine #Allen and P. #Wayne Joan #Randall B. Haberman Trust Ellen M. Semonoff Eleanor B. Alter Clement Susan C. Haddad Albert J. Kirk #Peter H. Merlin #Altheimer & #Ronald H. Coase Gray William N. Haddad #Kirkland & Ellis #Metropolitan Life #American Inc. Airlines, #Jerry Cohen #Mary C. Hagman Foundation Insurance American Salt Company Company #Margie Cohen Douglas I. Hague Eric T. Knorr #Paul Miller #Bennett Archambault G. Coombs Eugene *Frances and J. Parker Mary R. Koch #Sheldon M. and Sandra G. Baird Douglas Judith S. Cottle Hall Elka and Seymour Kovitz Mittleman Wallace R. Baker M. * "Harry and Ludmilla #Donna F. Hartl Rosemary Krensky The Molner Foundation "Courtenay Barber, Coven C. Jr. #Geoffrey Hazardjr. #Stuart L. Kricun Morris, Laing, Evans, Dennis M. and Marlon H. and #Evelyn Murray #David B. Heller Ruth Kronenberg Brock & Kennedy Barden Cremer *Richard H. Helmholz Morris D. Krouse *Elaine and Norval R. Alice H. and Paul M. #Gail Crosby #Joseph Herman #Philip B. Kurland Morris Bator #David P. Currie #Herbert H. Heyman *Elisabeth and William M. #Nancy Nayor #Peter Berkos #Joe J. and Carla Daruty Frederic Hickman Landes Mary C. Neal Berthelot #Jean #Jane S. and Muller Davis #Howard B. Hodges #Layfer, Cohen Phil C. Neal #Mark R. Bires #Kenneth C. Davis #William H. Hoffman Handelsman & Mora, Stephen C. Neal #Harry & Maribel G. #The of Decalogue Society #Marshall J. Hollander Ltd. #Rudolph R. Newhouse Blum Foundation Lawyers #Frederick C. Houghton Jill F. and John G. Levi #John K. Notz Jr. #Nathan and S. Harold G. Emily Dick Jr. Charles L. Levin John L. 0' Donnell Blum Foundation Aaron Director Robert K. and Virginia #Dorothy R. Levitan Oak Brook Bank Bosch T. #Roger #John Duff III D. Howse #James B. Lewis #John M. Olin Robert G. Braden #Anne C. and Allison #Robert L. Hoyt *Leon M. Liddell Foundation, Inc. #Lynde and Dunham Harry Bradley #Hyman J. Krause #Golda and Ivan Lippitz #Richard D. and Barbara .Foundation Leonard C. and Marjory Memorial Foundation Abbott B. and Joan M. Ostrow #Abraham J. Briloff W. Everson Inc. Lipsky #Irving H. Paley Alan R. and Ann #Burton E. Feldman Institute for Educational #Hamilton M. Loeb Jr. #Eugene S. Palmer #Ronald S. Bromberg Feldman Affairs #James J. Lopes #Joseph A. and Sandra Henri L. III Bromberg #Owen M. Fiss #J oseph Isenbergh Jo Desha Lucas Parker Juanita Harold E. B. T. Bromberg Foreman, Jr. #J. Group #Barbara K. Lundergan The Peat Marwick Main L. Burnett Joel #Jeffrey Fried Ella M. and Kenneth E. John D. and Catherine T. Foundation The Carlson Gustav Gants Company Johnson MacArthur Foundation #Perry Weyand Inc. Perry #Federal Republic of #H. G. Mann #Laurie Phelan Germany June C. Manning Lois Pitman #Iona H. Ginsburg Barbara Platt

48 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD #Sophie G. Pomaranc Edward 1. Rothschild #Myndl W. Spector #Peter A. Terranova Wichita Rowing #The Pritzker Charitable Edwin A. Rothschild #Karen and John M. Stacy Frank G. Theis Association Foundation Corliss C. Row #Herbert L. Stein, Jr. #Fritz Thyssen Stiftung Wichita State University #The Pritzker Foundation #Dennis P. Ryan #Abe L. Stein William Tinker #Wise, Wiezorek, #David W. Pulido #Tony F. and Marsha]. #John N. Stern #Kenneth Topolsky Timmons & Wise #Helen Puttkammer Sanchez #Judith Haberman Stern #Tracen-J Company Fred and Judith C. #Richard Raskin #Sarah Scaife Foundation #The Norman H. Stone #Estate of Chester D. Tripp Witney #Bonnie and Samuel #Theodore]. Schmitt Family Foundation #Francesca Turner #Sara]. and Robert A. Reynolds #Arnold Shane #Stone Foundation Inc. #R. W. Van De Velde Wolf Adolph Richman Family Jean F. Shapiro #Jerome H. Stone Family #W. L. Fillmore Ann and Arnold R. Wolff Foundation Ruth E. Shinn Foundation Enterprises General S. K. Yee #Simon H. Rifkind #Joseph]. Sikorski #Lorna P. Straus #James B. Watters IS. K. Yee Foundation, #Janice M. Robson Mary D. Smith #Richard]. and Paula R. #Sam and Miriam Inc. #Dante F. Rochetti #William C. and Marion Stumpf Waxman *Hans Zeisel #Rosetta Rosenblatt E. Soady Cass R. Sunstein #Gordon L. and Roberta #Donald E. and Carol H. #Ruth Wyatt Rosenson Gladys K. and Wesley H. #Supreme Life Insurance M. Weil Zepfel "Mrs. Maurice Rosenthal Sowers Co. #Estate of Gilda H. Weiss Robert Zolla #Ann R. and Donald I. #Harry P. Tatelman #Edwin 1. and Esther L. Roth Zolt

The Clinical Legal Education Fund

'77 Michael B. Lubic '85 Gifts to the Clinical Legal Supporters ($100-$499) Joanne E. Brown '85 Mark]. Heyrman Education Fund provide Robert L. Brubaker '72 Vincent E. Hillery '84 David Lucey' 83 and Ann additional funds beyond Mark N. Aaronson '69 Stephen R. Buchenroth Jacki D. Hinton '85 Reinke '82 ' '71 the amount budgeted by and Marjorie E. Gelb '74 Andrew W. Horstman 77 Adam M. Lutynski the Law School for the '70 Burroughs Wellcome Co. Alan]. Howard' 72 William l-I. Lynch '68 Mandel Legal Aid Clinic. Amy L. Abrams '82 Cahill Gordon & Reindel Roger M. Huff '76 John R. MacDowell '83 David]. Achtenberg '73 George]. Casson, Jr. '72 Joel M. Hurwitz '76 Marjorie]. MacLean '86 Michael S. Mandell' 77 Fellows ($500 and above) Adams Fox Adelstein & Centel Corporation ICI Americas Inc. ' Rosen Sidney B. Chesnin 75 David A. Jenkins '78 Melvin Margolies' 58 Gordon C. Atkinson '81 John F. Adams '77 Etahn M. Cohen' 84 Dennis P. Johnson '79 Paul]. Marino '65 Gary H. Baker '73 Thomas]. Allen '76 Stephen A. Cohen '73 Robert L. Jolley, Jr. '76 Robert M. Mark '77 Steven S. Bowen '72 and Jeffrey Alperin '84 Margaret A. Conable '80 Maury B. Josephson '85 Diantha McJilton '77 Ellen C. Newcomer '73 Bryan S. Anderson '86 Andrew H. Connor '79 Harold E. Kahn '82 Richard H. McLeese '81 ' James E. Brown '83 and Terry S. Arbit 83 John C. Cratsley '66 Charles M. Kennedy IV James R. McMaster '86 ' Gretchen A. Winter Anna B. Ashcraft 81 George B. Curtis '76 '80 Jerome B. Meites '79 '83 AT&T Foundation Beth B. Davis '74 John M. Kimpel '74 Michael C. Miller '77 Michael T. Buckley '81 Robert M. Axelrod '74 Howard]. Davis '80 Kirkland & Ellis Lois C. Moonitz '82 ' , Covington & Burling Frederick W. Axley 69 Patrick P. Dinardo' 82 Foundation David E. Morgans 75 ' Cheryl A. Engelmann '82 Sara]. Bales '70 Bernardine R. Dohrn '67 Ruth E. Klarman '75 Portia O. Morrison 78 Philip E. Fertik '81 Lance C. Balk' 84 John C. Eichman '82 James L. Knoll '67 Ralph G. Neas, Jr. '71 Herbert B. Fried '32 Judith E. Ball '67 Glenn M. Engelmann '80 Robert J. Kopecky' 79 Mitchell]. Nelson '73 ' General Telephone & Bonnie A. Barber 75 Jerry A. Esrig '78 Jeffrey Kraus '83 Daniel]. Niehans '74 ' Electronics Corp. Jayne W. Barnard 7 5 Stephen Fedo '81 Peter B. Krupp '86 The Northern Trust ' Scott D. 79 and Sherry James E. Bartels '74 William L. Fillmore '76 Harvey A. Kurtz '75 Company Charitable W. Gilbert '78 Philip H. Bartels '74 Steven L. Fisher '73 Elizabeth Y. Kutyla '87 Trust Laura G. '77 and Michael Ann V. Bartsch' 77 Deborah A. '85 and Erica M. Landsberg '87 Occidental Petroleum R. Hassan '74 Patrick B. Bauer' 75 and Stuart E. Fross '85 Mary L. Leahy '66 Charitable Foundation, ' Peggy L. Kerr '73 Christine M. Luzzie Aviva Futorian '70 Timothy]. Lee 73 Inc. ' ' H. Douglas Laycock '73 '75 Geico Philanthropic Deborah Leff 77 Jeffrey C. Paulson 81 Daniel E. Levin' 53 Lori 1. Bauman '84 Foundation Peter]. Levin '67 Gail L. Peek '84 Kenneth W. Lipman '74 Marc O. Beem, Jr. '75 Irving Geslewitz '76 Donald]. Liebentritt '76 Daniel B. Pinkert '73 Mayer, Brown & Platt Jack M. Beermann '83 Laura A. Ginger '79 Geoffrey E. Liebmann Richard G. Placey '82 Kathryn McCary '81 Mary K. Bentley' 85 Jeffrey S. Goddess '70 '86 Gregory L. Poppe '79 Helen C. and Robert Joel Berger' 68 Jerold H. Goldberg '73 David C. Long '66 Tracy L. Potter '87 McDougal, Jr. '29 Jeremy A. Berman '81 Mitchell D. Goldsmith James R. Looman '78 Premark International, ' Patricia R. McMillen 83 Douglas C. Blomgren '77 '78 Lyonette Louis-Jacques Inc. ' ' David R. Melton' 77 Fern C. Bomchill 72 Robert C. Goodman 83 '86 Joel 1. Riff '82 Pamela M. Meyerson '83 Bruce W. Boyd '84 Karen E. Gross '81 Gary T. Lowenthal '69 Karen E. Rochlin '85 Gary H. Palm '67 Roger T. Brice' 73 Steven L. Harris '73 Jeffrey S. Lubbers '74 Howard]. Roin '78 Claire E. Pensyl '78 Steven F. Brockhage '81 Claire T. Hartfield '82 Roberta C. Ramo '67 John E. Brower '76 and Denise]. Harvey '84 Richard M. Weinroth '83 Ellen Higgins '74 Susan A. Henderson '69 Erich P. ' 74 and Susan A. Raymond P. Hermann # Restricted gift Wise '74 '73 Restricted and Mark C. Zaander '76 unrestricted gifts Deceased

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 49 , ' Carol M. Rose' 77 George Volsky 75 Martin F. Bloom 62 Steven A. Grossman '71 Rebecca]. Patten' 77 ' John D. Ruff '67 W. L. Fillmore Locke E. Bowman III 82 Anthony E. Harris '76 Mark R. Pettit, Jr. '71 ' William F. Ryan 81 Enterprises Wendy M. Bradburn' 78 Carolyn]. Hayek '73 and Laurie Phelan , Michael Schatzow '73 Edward M. Waller, Jr. '67 Lynn S. Branham '80 Steven M. Rosen '73 Richard G. Placey 82 Richard L. Schmalbeck Waste Management Inc. Michael E. Braude '65 Karen B. Herold '79 and Carol E. Swanson '75 Robert R. Watson '72 Jeffrey R. Chanin '80 Ice Nine Productions, '82 Randall D. Schmidt '79 Robert F. Weber '75 David S. Chernoff' 62 Inc. Martha Ratnoff '78

' , ' Pamela R. Schneider '84 Peter L. Wellington 77 James B. Corney 85 Jathan W. Janove 82 Helen D. Reavis '86 ' ' ' Laura S. Schnell 83 Daniel P. Westman 81 Louren G. Davidson' 33 Sara L. Johnson '81 Leonard Rieser 76 ' John D. Schwartz ' 50 Edward G. Wierzbicki' 75 Jeffrey L. Davis '85 Deborah Jones 85 Kathleen L. Roach '85 Richard M. Schwartz' 77 Thomas A. Witt' 77 Quin A. Denvir '69 Dean T. Jost '75 Jill L. Rosenberg '86 Keith E. Secular '74 Stephen Wizner '63 Robert N. Dokson '69 Rochelle L. Katz '86 Margo E. Ross '85 ' ' ' Sidley & Austin David C. Worrell '76 Michael A. Donnella 79 Mark S. Kende 86 Michael]. Salmanson 86 Robert H. Smith '72 Joseph H. Young '84 Cynthia Drabek' 77 Daniel E. Larkin '80 Elizabeth Samuels' 80 ' Brad M. Sonnenberg '82 Richard F. Zehnle ' 77 Diana S. Eagon 60 David M. Liebenthal '65 Suzanne R. Sawada '77 Sonnenschein Carlin Bernard Zimmerman '70 JeffH. Eckland '82 Charles A. Linn '71 Thomas E. Schick '73 Nath & Rosenthal Geoffrey Etherington III Margaret]. Livingston Stephen A. Schiller '61 , ' Frederick]. 79 and Members '82 '78 Arthur E. Schmidt 80 ' Priscilla C. Sperling Justine Fischer 71 Daniel C. Marson '81 James]. Schneider' 81 ' ' '79 Walter]. Andrews 82 Linda E.�Fisher '80 Bruce P. Mason 86 Carleen S. Schreder '82 Mitchell H. Stabbe '80 Karen S. Austin '76 Ronald M. Frandsen '75 Janet M. McNicholas '86 Joan M. Shaughnessy '78 Lynn R. Sterman '71 Victor N. Baltera '79 Marc C. Frankenstein '79 Binny Miller '83 Lawrence A. Silver '76 Thomas P. Stillman ' 68 James H. Barrett '84 George S. Freudenthal, Montgomery McCracken Rayman L. Solomon '76 Jeffrey M. Strauss '81 Charles D. Bash' 75 Jr. '32 Walker & Rhoads Richard F. Spooner '75 ' ' Stephanie L. Striffler 82 Melinda Bass '64 Dennis K. Frick' 79 Michael R. Moravec '74 Daniel]. Standish 86 ' ' Barry '74 and Winnifred Saul A. Behar '86 Eric Friedler 83 Robert P. Morris' 85 Ricardo L. Tate 80 ' F. Sullivan '76 Ira]. Belcove 8 7 Michael P. Gardner' 71 John C. Morrissey '85 Gordon G. Waldron '69 ' ' Charles S. Treat 80 Robert S. Berger '73 Alan S. Gilbert 75 Richard B. Muller '81 John A. Washburn '76 , ' David S. Turetsky 82 James R. Bird '77 John]. Goggins III '85 Stanley E. Ornstein '67 Pamela P. Wassmann 75 Edward E. Vaill '65 Mark R. Bires Melvin B. Goldberg '66 Jeffrey A. Parness '74 Diana C. White '81 ' George Vernon 75 Ross W. Blair' 85 Dennis C. Gott '73 Anthony]. Paticchio '78 Mark D. Whitener '83

Law Firm Gifts

The Law School gratefully ac­ knowledges gifts received from the following law firms in 1987-88:

Adams Fox Adelstein & Rosen Baker & McKenzie #Bryan, Cave, McPheeters & McRoberts Chapman & Cutler #Gardner Carton & Douglas Greenberger Krauss & Jacobs #Isham Lincoln & Beale #Kirkland & Ellis #Lord Bissell & Brook *Montgomery McCracken Walker & Rhoads O'Melveny & Myers Pope Ballard Shepard & Fowle #Rudnick & Wolfe #Seyfarth Shaw Fairweather & Geraldson #Sonnenschein Carlin Nath & 8. When were these courses first offered: (a) Rosenthal Taxation; (b) Administrative Law; (c) Antitrust; Wachtell Lipton Rosen & Katz (d) Pension Law?

50 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Law Firm Matching Gifts

In recent years a growing num­ are urged to secure the proper *Cahill Gordon & Reindel Pillsbury Madison & Sutro ber of law firms have established forms to send to the Fund when Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Pope Ballard Shepard & Fowle matching gift programs. The making their gifts. Hamilton Proskauer Rose Goetz & terms of the programs vary from Matching gifts are counted as *Covington & Burling Mendelsohn one law firm to another, but usu­ gifts from alumni when the gift Davis Polk & Wardwell Schiff Hardin & Waite * ally a law firm will match the gift categories of alumni are deter­ Hale & Dorr Sidley & Austin of an associate, and increasingly mined for the Honor Roll. Keck Mahin & Cate Skadden Arps Slate Meagher & also of a partner, to a law school. The Law School gratefully *Kirkland & Ellis Flom Frequently, law firms establish acknowledges matching gifts from "Mayer, Brown & Platt *Sonnenschein Carlin Nath & minimum and maximum amounts the foll owi ng law firms in *McDermott Will & Emery Rosenthal that they will match. 1987-88: Miller, Canfield, Paddock and Stinson, Mag & Fizzell Matching gifts have become Stone Foundation increasingly important to the #Adams Fox Adelstein & Rosen Morrison & Foerster Van Cott, Bagley, Cornwall & Fund for the Law School. Alumni Arnold & Porter O'Melveny & Myers McCarthy who are in a position to designate Bell Boyd & Lloyd Patterson Belknap Webb & Tyler Venable, Baetjer and Howard matching gifts to the Law School Briggs & Morgan Pattishall McAuliffe & Hofstetter Wilmer Cutler & Pickering

Corporation Matching Gifts

Matching gift programs have been "Chicago Title and Trust The Hartford Insurance Group The Pillsbury Company instituted in over 900 businesses Company Foundation Foundation, Inc. Foundation and corporations and are an in­ CIGNA Foundation Hewlett-Packard Company "Premark International, Inc. tegral part of corporate philan­ The Coca-Cola Company #ICI Americas Inc. Ralston Purina Company thropy. The following corporations The Consolidated Natural Gas Illinois Bell Telephone Company R. J. Reynolds Industries, Inc. and businesses made matching System Education Foundation International Business Machines The Salomon Foundation Inc. contributions designated for the Continental Illinois Foundation Corporation Santa Fe Southern Pacific Law School in 1987-88: CPC International Inc. International Minerals and Foundation R. R. Donnelley & Sons Chemical Corporation Joseph E. Seagram and Sons Abbott Laboratories Fund Company International Telephone and Inc. Acco International Inc. Douglas Furniture Corporation Telegraph Corporation Stinson Mag & Fizzell Alexander & Baldwin, Inc. The Dow Chemical Company Johnson & Johnson Foundation * Allied-Signal Foundation, Inc. DST Systems, Inc. Kansas City Southern Student Loan Marketing American General Investment The Dun & Bradstreet Industries, Inc. Association Corporation Corporation Foundation Krasberg Corporation Texaco Philanthropic Foundation Amoco Foundation, Inc. Economics Laboratory, Inc. Laventhol & Horwath Inc. Arco Foundation The Equitable Foundation Lawyers Co-operative Publishing Texas Instruments Foundation The Arthur Young Foundation Exxon Education Foundation Company The Times Mirror Company * AT&T Foundation Federated Department Stores #Mark Controls Corporation Towers, Perrin, Forster & Ball Corporation Foundation The May Stores Foundation, Crosby, Inc. BarclaysAmerican/Foundation The Field Corporation Fund Inc. TRW Foundation Inc. * First National Bank of Chicago McDonald's Corporation U.S. Air Beatrice Companies, Inc. Foundation McDonnell Douglas Foundation United Technologies Borg-Warner Foundation, Inc. FMC Foundation #MCA Inc. Corporation BP America FNP Corporation The Nabisco Foundation UNUM Charitable Fund Brunswick Foundation Ford Motor Company Fund "The Northern Trust Company USG Foundation, Inc. Burlington Northern Foundation #Geico Philanthropic Foundation Northwestern Mutual Life Venable, Baetjer and Howard *Burroughs Wellcome Company #General Dynamics Corporation Insurance Company Foundation, Inc. Campbell Soup/Company General Electric Foundation #Occidental Petroleum Charitable #Waste Management Inc. #Centel Corporation Goldman Sachs Fund Foundation, Inc. CertainTeed Corporation Goodyear Tire & Rubber Owens-Corning Fiberglas Foundation Company Corporation The Chase Manhattan Bank Grace Foundation Inc. Pacific Telesis Foundation *General Telephone & Electronics The Peat Marwick Main Corporation Foundation Phoenix Mutual Life Insurance Company # Restricted gift Restricted and unrestricted gifts t Deceased

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 51 Restricted Funds

The Alumni Scholarship Fund The William Beveridge Cassels Robert F. Weber' 75 The Frank Greenberg Dean 's Michael D. Bailkin '70 Memorial Library Fund Gretchen A. Winter '83 Discretionary Fund Abraham]. Briloff Donald R. '34 and Estate of Frank Greenberg William]. Essig '65 Margaretha M. Kerr '34 The George E. Fee Memorial '32 Martha L. Fineman ' 75 Fund

' Andrea E. Friedman 85 The Chicago Bar Foundation Allied-Signal Foundation The Kenneth S. Haberman Iona H. Ginsberg Scholarship Incorporated Scholarship Fund Suzanne S. Greene '84 The Chicago Bar Foundation General Dynamics Margie Cohen Michael Haber Corporation Randall B. Haberman Samuel M. Hung '84 The Centerfor Studies in Stephen W. Guittard '67 John Jubinsky '59 James B. Lewis CriminalJustice William W. Jay '68 Gerald Kanter ' Bernice Maskin George J. Cotsirilos ' 42 Thomas C. Walker '73 Sinclair Kossoff 59 Kay W. McCurdy' 75 Howard M. Wilchins '69 Richard Raskin Kevin M. Murphy '81 The Benjamin B. Davis Library Rosetta Rosenblatt Clifford]. Peterson '84 Fund The Edith R. and David H. Herbert L. Stein Charitable Simon H. Rifkind Jane S. Davis Feldman Scholarship Fund Trust Robin E. Schulberg '86 Muller Davis Burton E. Feldman Judith Haberman Stern Branka J. and Harry B. Janice M. Robson Ronald S. Feldman Jerome H. Stone Sondheim ' 5 7 Robert A. and Sara J. Wolf Jerome H. Stone Family R. W. Van De Velde The Decalogue Society of Foundation Edwin 1. and Esther L. ZoIt Lawyers Scholarship Fund in The Raymond and Nancy Norman H. Stone Family Memory ofPaul G. Annes Feldman Fund Foundation The American Constitutional The Decalogue Society of Nancy G. '46 and Raymond Stone Foundation Inc. History Fund Lawyers G. Feldman' 45 Institute of Educational The Jill Harris Memorial The Earl B. Dickerson Affairs The Robert S. Fiffer Scholarship Scholarship Fund SmithKline Beckman Scholarship Fund Fund JoAnn and Stuart C. Nathan of Earl B. Dickerson ' Estate James D. 80 and Linda B. '65 The Ann Watson Barber Service '20 Fiffer

' Awards Supreme Life Insurance Steven]. Fiffer 76 The Harry KalvenJ Jr. Memorial Courtney Barber, Jr. Company Fund Peggy L. Kerr '73 The Herbert and Marjorie Fried William A. Geller '75 H. Fund The James Douglas, Jr. Faculty Research Fund Betty Kalven TheJulius Franklin Bishop for the Study ofLaw and Herbert B. '32 and Marjorie Fund Government Fried The Harry Kaluen, Jr. Portrait Abe L. Stein American Airlines, Inc. Jeffrey Fried Fund Anonymous (4) Herbert H. Heyman June F. Allen The WalterJ. Blum Faculty Bennett Archambault Marshall]. Hollander Walter J. Blum' 41 Research Fund Gardner Carton & Douglas Hamilton M. Loeb, Jr. Gerhard Casper Kenneth C. Davis Frances and]. Parker Hall Ann R. and Donald 1. Roth Ronald H. Coase Owen M. Fiss '27 Roger C. Cramton' 55 Edward H. ' 35 and Kate James]. '49 and Lynn P. The Maurice and Muriel Fulton David P. Currie

' Levi McClure, Jr. Lectureship in Legal History Kenneth W. Dam 5 7 Nicholas]. '75 and Susan Peter H. Merlin Maurice F. '42 and Muriel Kenneth C. Davis Pritzker Metropolitan Life Insurance Fulton Allison and Anne C. Margot L. and Thomas]. Company Richard H. Helmholz Dunham Pritzker '76 John K. NoItz, Jr. David M. Evans '61 The Pritzker Charitable Dennis P. Ryan The Burton and Adrienne Glazov Owen M. Fiss Foundation Scholarship Fund Geoffrey C. Hazard, Jr. John N. Stern The Owen Fairweather Adrienne G. and Burton E. Walter Hellerstein '70 Scholarship Fund Glazov'63 Edwin E. Huddleson III '70 ' The Charles Boand Library Johnine J. Brown '74 and Andra Oakes 71 Drusilla T. Fund G. and Philip Benjamin Z. Gould Building Stanley A. Kaplan' 33 . CharlesW. Boand ' 33 Carter '63 Fund Stanley Katz Donna F. Hartl Estate of Benjamin Z. Gould Nicholas deB. Katzenbach The Bradley Foundation Law Joseph Herman '37 Edmund W. Kitch' 64 and Economics Fund Joel H. Kaplan '69 William M. Landes Barbara K. The Lynde and Harry Lundergan The Albert Gore Scholarship Edward H. '35 and Kate S. Bradley Foundation Barbara and Richard D. Fund Levi Ostrow Sophie Gore Pomaranc Leon M. Liddell Eric M. Rosenfeld' 59 Norval R. Morris David A. Saunders '64 Dallin H. Oaks '57 Seyfarth, Shaw, Fairweather Gary H. Palm '67 & Geraldson

52 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Geoffrey R. Stone '71 Hyman J. Krause Memorial Hans Zeisel Foundation Inc. Franklin E. Zimring '67 Garry A. Lakin '70 Layfer, Cohen, Handelson & The Kellstadt Foundation Mora Ltd. Library Fund in Honor ofLeo Leon M. Liddell H. Arnstein Jerome M. Marcus '86 Charles H. Kellstadt Trust Bernard D. Meltzer '37

The Elaine and Samuel Kersten, The Law School Loan Fund '68 Jr. Library Fund Gloria C. Phares Elaine and Samuel Kersten The Law and Economics The SamuelJ. Kersten Faculty Program Fund Richard W. Porter '86 Kersten Andrew M. '78 and Betsy B. Elaine and Samuel 9. Who is the longest-serving member of the Kersten Family Foundation Rosenfield Charles E. Swanson '86 faculty? Walter Blum; Aaron Director; Edward The Kirkland & Ellis (a) (b) (c) Fund Levi; Bernard Meltzer. Professorship The Law Review (d) ' Helen Puttkammer George B. Javaras 64 Kirkland & Ellis N. Goetz' 50 Howard G. Krane '57 The Wendell M. Levi Library George V. Bobrinskoy, Jr. Raymond Fund '59 Edwin H. Goldberger' 50 ' ' H. Bork 53 A. Goodman 81 The Archibald and Estelle Estate of Wendell M. Levi Robert James ' , Branham '80 Ronald B. Grais 68 Kurland Book Fund 15 Lynn S. Roger T. Brice '73 David A. Grossberg '75 Rosemary Krensky ' Levitan David N. Brown '66 Robert V. Gunderson, Jr. 79 Philip B: Kurland The Moses and Dorothy 71 Scholarship Fund Bryan, Cave, McPheeters & Steven P. Handler' McRoberts Richard M. Harter '61 The Law School Campaign Dorothy R. Levitan '65 R. '81 and Thomas B. Unrestricted Funds Frank Cicero, Jr. Jean 5 7 '81 Allard' 53 The Allen Hart Lippitz Robert C. Claus' Haynes Jean ' Clear '74 Walter Hellerstein 70 AT&T Foundation Memorial Scholarship Fund John M. Lewis M. Collens '66 Harold L. Henderson '64 Irving I. Axelrad '39 Ivan and Golda Lippitz L. Cook '73 Gail L. Heriot '81 Cardle and Joseph H. Golant Mark Controls Corporation Rand 1. Cowell '57 Linda R. Hirshman '69 '65 Gordon and Roberta M. George ' ' M. '65 Aaron E. Hoffman 72 C. J. 52 and Elizabeth B. Weil James Cowley William H. '75 and Walter F. Hoffmann' 51 Head '52 Crispin Maureen E. '78 Laura B. '67 David Heller The Karl N Llewellyn Mahoney Hoguet ' in Donald B. Cronson 48 Richard K. Hooper '56 Joseph Isenbergh Professorship Jurisprudence ' G. '82 Lawrence Howe' 48 Peter P. Karasz 65 and Ann M. Lousin '68 Charles Curtis, Jr. '85 Edwin E. Huddleson III '70 Sobel Thomas G. Dagger Marilyn ' Cushman W. Daniels '70 and Andra Oakes 71 Jerome S.' 41 and Miriam The John S. Lord and James H. Darrow '67 David B. 81 Katzin B. Bissell Scholarship Fund Peter Jaffe' Bissell & Brook Kenneth C. Davis Joel H. Kaplan '69 Douglas M. Kraus '73 Lord, ' Frank H. Easterbrook '73 Douglas W. King' 84 Laurel J. McKee 64 Brown & Platt Fund Donald E. '61 Robert J. Kopecky' 79 James W. '71 and Shelly M. The Mayer Egan Frank D. ' 59 and Linda M. Adam 0. Emmerich '85 Alan M. Koral '75 ' Mercer, Jr. ' 75 and Duane W. Krohnke 66 H. and Neal S. Mayer, Jr. Diane Erickson ' Holly ' K. Sakimura 75 Andrew Kull 7 7 Millard '72 Ronald ' Frank D. Sr. Fund C. Curtis Everett' 5 7 Jeffrey T. Kuta '72 Mitchell S. Shapiro 64 The Mayer, 58 Peter D.. Lederer' 5 7 Laurence N. '68 Nathan and Emily S. Blum Terry S. Fagen' Strenger ' S. Feldacker 65 Edward H. '35 and Kate S. Charlotte P. and Roger A. Foundation Bruce P. Felleman '67 Levi Weiler '52 George ' The Bernard D. Meltzer Portrait Henry F. Field 65 Peter J. Levin '67 M. '83 Neil M. '66 The Law School Dean's Fund James Finberg Levy Daniel R. Fischel '77 Mark S. Lieberman' 59 Discretionary Fund Marion B. Adler' 82 '78 Owen M. Fiss Lance E. '78 and Marjorie P. Myndl W. Spector John]. Almond, Jr. ' Lindblom '78 George L. Arnold 48 Arnold M. Flamm' 50 , David M. Frankford' 79 Richard M. '77 The Law School Fund Aronberg 5 7 Lipton Library Ronald]. ' ' ' Merrill A. Freed' 53 Robert L. Lofts 59 Scott F. Burson 77 Oliver V. Axster 54 Ellen S. Friedman '81 Charles W. Cope '82 Robert B. Barnett' 71 E. Beaver '58 Wilson P. Funkhouser, Harry M. and Ludmilla James Jr. '73 Coven Robert M. Berger '66 79 C. Gilbert '63 Allison and Anne Dunham Kenneth J. Berman' Anthony Burton E. Glazov '63 Robert S. Friend' 31 Stuart Bernstein' 47 # Restricted gift Paul F. Gleeson '66 Mary C. Hagman Restricted and A. Glendon '61 Frances Kraus Mary unrestricted gifts t = Deceased

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 53 Deborah C. Malamud '86 Wise, Wiezorek, Timmons & Nancy Nayor The Morton C. Seeley Henry G. Manne' 52 Wise Rudolph R. Newhouse Endowment Fund Fred R. Mardell'58 George E. Wise '48 Irving H. Paley Estate of Chester D. Tripp James C. Marlas '63 Marc Wolinsky '80 Alice and Eugene S. Palmer ' Mayer, Brown & Platt Donald J. Yellon 48 Joseph A. and Sandra Parker The Sidley & Austin Library Lee B. McTurnan '63 David W. Pulido Fund G. Paul Moates '75 The Thomas R. Mulroy Bonnie and Samuel Reynolds Simon H. '64 and Virginia Donna M. Murasky '72 Endowmentfor Excellence in Dante F. and Lois Rochetti L. Aronson Bernard J. Nussbaum' 55 Appellate Advocacy Marsha J. and Tony F. Peter R. Chaffetz '78 ' Karl F. Nygren 51 Thomas R. Mulroy '28 Sanchez Thomas A. Cole ' 75 Theresa C. O'Loughlin '77 Theodore J. Schmitt First National Bank of Dallin A. Oaks' 57 The McDermott, Will & Emery Arnold Shane Chicago Foundation ' Stuart 1. Oran 74 Library Fund Joseph J. Sikorski Janet G. and Rex E. Lee '63 ' Richard M. Orlikoff' 49 Lorenz F. Koerber, Jr. 42 Marion E. and William C. William F. Lloyd' 75 ' George W. Overton, Jr. 46 H. George Mann Soady Frederick C. '80 and Lynn Robert X. Perry III '87 Stanley H. Meadows' 70 John M. and Karen Stacy T. Lowinger ' 79 Donald A. Petrie '47 Bruce H. Schoumacher '66 Paula R. and Richard J. John A. McLees '74 Alexander H. Pope' 52 Stumpf G. Paul '75 and Paulette Lawrence W. Rabb, Jr. '48 Irving Naiburg Student Lounge Harry P. Tatelman Moates ' George D. Ramspeck 49 Fund Peter A. Terranova Vincent F. Prada '81 ' James W. Rankin 68 Altheimer & Gray Kenneth Topolsky William P. Richmond' 59 Robert K. Rasmussen '85 Francesca Turner Jeffrey S. Rothstein ' 82 ' Raymond T. Reott 80 The Bernard and Emma S. James B. Watters George L. Saunders, Jr. '59 Dennis M. Robb '75 Nathan and Maurice and Miriam and Sam Waxman J. Andrew Schlickman '78 Walter J. Robinson III '66 Dorothy S. Kay Library Fund Carol H. and Donald E. Donald L. ' 74 and Susan J. ' Alan Rosenblat 54 JoAnn and Stuart C. Nathan Zepfel Schwartz ' 74 Eric M. Rosenfeld '59 '65 Sidley & Austin Sidney L. Rosenfeld' 57 The Pritzker Family Research MichaelJ. Sweeney '76 Lee H. Rosenthal' 77 The John M. Olin Law and Fund James S. Whitehead '74 ' ' Thorn Rosenthal 75 Economics Program Nicholas J. Pritzker 75 Walter Roth' 52 John M. Olin Foundation ThomasJ. Pritzker '76 The David Sloan Library Fund Lawrence E. Rubin '70 Inc. The Pritzker Charitable Alfred M. Palfi '51 ' George L. Saunders, Jr. 59 Foundation , A. Bruce Schimberg 52 The Tony Patino Fellowship The Sonnenschein Faculty Mary W. and Robert G. Fund The Reuben and Proctor Research Fund ' Schloerb 51 Cyrus Max Adler Fund Scholarship Fund Harry and Maribel Blum William 1. Schwartz '83 Wayne A. Allwine Isham Lincoln & Beale Foundation Thomas J. Scorza '82 Peter Berkos Bernard '21 and Ruth S. Joan M. Shaughnessy '78 Jean Berthelot The Max Rheinstein Nath James H. Shimberg '49 Catherine and Roger Bosch Comparative Library Fund Lottie Nath Fund ' Eileen L. Silverstein' 72 Gerald J. and Nan Christian David J. Gerber 72 Sonnenschein Carlin Nath & Linda G. Simpson '82 Allen and Joan P. Clement Charles A. Marvin '68 Rosenthal Barry C. Skovgaard '80 Jerry Cohen Walker D. Miller' 65 Mark W. Smith '81 Gail Crosby Peter W. Schroth '69 The Spitz Memorial Law ' Harry B. Sondheim 5 7 Carla and Joseph 1. Daruty Professorship Henry L. Stern' 50 John Thomas Duff III The Ruth wyatt Rosenson Estate of Leo Spitz' 10 Preble Stolz' 56 Cardle and Joseph H. Golant Professorship Geoffrey R. Stone' 71 '65 Ruth Wyatt Rosenson The Edward and Gilda Weiss Barry' 74 and Winnifred F. Doris and Ernest B. Memorial Library Fund Sullivan '76 Goodman '57 The Maurice and Rose Rosenthal Estate of Gilda Weiss Michael F. Sullivan '67 Jack L. Gosden Library Fund ' David S. Tatel 66 Eugene J. Grady Maurose Fund The Jerome Weiss Faculty Fund Charles S. Treat '80 Velma R. and William W. Rose D. Rosenthal Gertrude W. and Howard M. Allen M. Turner '61 Gray Goodwin Peter M. VanZante '71 William A. Greenberg The Rudnick & Wolfe Harold A. Ward III '55 Howard B. Hodges Scholarship Fund The Ruth Weyand Memorial Mark A. Wasserman '80 William H. Hoffman Rudnick & Wolfe Fund Bernard Weisberg' 48 Frederick C. Houghton, Jr. Perry Weyand Perry Donald M. Wessling '61 Robert L. Hoyt The Bernard Sand Faculty Fund The Whistler Foundation Stuart L. Kricun Bernard Sang '35 The William W Wilkow Edwin P. Wiley' 52 James J. Lopes Scholarship Fund Hugh S. Wilson '71 Betty and Tony Martinelli Scaife Law and Economics Marc R. Wilkow '74 MCA Incorporated Sarah Scaife Foundation Jme McGregor The S. K. Yee Scholarship Fund Paul Miller General S. K. Vee Sandra and Sheldon M. S. K. Vee Foundation, Inc. Mittleman

54 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD � __ s_p_e_c_ia_I_G_if_tS � M_e_m_o_ri_a_IGift_S 11 �1

' Law and Economics Paul G. Annes '23 J. Eric Engstrom 69 Books donated to the D'Angelo Journal of Studies The Decalogue Society of Virginia D. and Robert K. Law Library Journal of Legal Alschuler B. Kurland Lawyers Howse Albert W. Philip Elka M. and Kenneth E. American Bar Foundation William M. Landes '68 H. Robert F. Bensinger Johnson Richard 1. Badger John Langbein Michael W. McConnell' 79 Gertrude Weiss Goodwin Kansas State Bank and Trust Douglas G. Baird Company Paul M. Bator Bernard D. Meltzer '37 P. Miller Elizabeth V. Benyon Albert J. Kirk Mary Becker '80 Geoffrey Norval Morris Leon M. Liddell Eric T. Knorr Walter J. Blum '41 Mary Rv.Koch Gerhard Casper Richard A. Posner Criminal Ruth Rosenson Natalie Blum Flossie M. and Morris D. Center for Studies in Wyatt Bernd Ruster '67 Frances and J. Parker Hall Krouse Justice Currie Schulhofer John G. and Jill F. Levi McDonald, Tinker, Skaer, David P. Stephen J. Quinn & Herrington, P.A. R. H. Donnelley Publishers Adolf Sprudzs A. Richard B. Stewart Julius F. Bishop '27 Morris, Laing, Evans, Brock Richard Epstein R. Stone '71 Abe L. Stein & Kennedy Daniel R. Fischel '77 Geoffrey Donald R. Newkirk '48 James T. Gibson '52 Cass Sunstein Green' 28 Lorna Y. Leo J. Carlin '19 John L. O'Donnell Harold J. Tang H. Helmholz M. Harry & Maribel G. Blum Lois Pitman Richard Judith Wright Zeisel Foundation Corliss C. Row Illinois Institute for Continuing Hans Herbert B. '32 and Marjorie Wesley H. and Gladys K. Legal Education FriedJulianH. '31 and Sowers Marjorie R. Levi Michael L. Spafford Lottie Nath Fund Frank G. Theis Bernard '21 and Ruth S. William Tinker Nath Wichita Rowing Association Ann and Edwin A. Rothschild Irving B. Naiburg '32 George W. Rothschild '42 Altheimer & Gray Sonnenschein Carlin Nath & Lester Asher '32 Rosenthal Alan R. and Ann Bromberg Henri L. Bromberg III Peter S. Cremer '77 Juanita Bromberg Evelyn H. and Murray Skip Bromberg ' Cremer Herbert B. 32 and Marjorie Fried

' Sidney M. Davis '42 Edward D. Friedman 3 7 Abraham J. Briloff George S. Freudenthal Jr. Iona H. Ginsburg '32 James B. Lewis Ruth Kronenberg Bernice Maskin Barbara and Sidney Platt Simon H. Rifkind Homer E. Rosenberg '38 R. W. Van De Velde Maurice Rosenthal '27 Irving H. Goldberg '27 Maurose Fund Leonard C. and Marjory W. Rose D. Rosenthal Everson Abbott B. and Joan M. Rebecca Schneiderman '67 Lipsky Marsha B. '67 and Thomas Barry '74 and Winnifred F. R. Shanle '67 Sullivan '76 David B. Shapiro '29 Richard B. Hansen '57 Jean F. Shapiro John M. Alex John F. Smith Paul R. Kitch '35 Mary D. Smith American Salt Company E. Sherrell Andrews Ruth Weyand '32 Robert G. Braden Perry Weyand Perry The Carlson Company Inc. Ruth E. Shinn G. Coombs Eugene 10. How many fountains are there in the Dick Harold G. reflecting pool?

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 55 ALUMNI HONOR BLUM & KIMBALL

At the annual Alumni Dinner on May 5, Rex Lee.

1988, the Alumni Association honored

Professors Walter J. Blum U.D. '41) and

Spencer L. Kimball, who attained we honor two distinguished members of our ·Law School faculty. One of them, Walter Blum, was my teacher. He was one of emeritus status on October 1 this year. the best I had from the time I started first grade until I graduated from law school. Spencer Kimball, by contrast, is a person I did not The Law School will not say farewell to Tonight even know until I was ten years out of law school. He is nevertheless a person for the two professors, however, for both whom I have the greatest personal fondness and professional admiration.

have graciously accepted post-retirement From his modest beginnings in the little town of Thatcher, Arizona, where he was born and raised, Spence has become a widely recognized leader of our profession. appointments and will continue to teach I think it is safe to say that he is the nation's leading authority on insurance part-time in their respective fields of tax regulation. But beyond this and other specialized proficiencies, Spence is a man of great breadth, creativity, and sensitivity. He is a man who genuinely cares. He cares and insurance. about other people, about his family, his students, and the legal profession. My personal discovery of this fact occurred some fifteen years ago, when I was in the throes of trying to start a new law school. There were about a half dozen people At the dinner, Rex E. Lee G.D. '63), who demonstrated an extra measure of unselfish helpfulness without having any real personal stake in my problem. Two of them are members of this faculty: Phil former Solicitor General of the United Neal and Spencer Kimball.

States and a partner at Sidley & Austin, Spencer Kimball is a Rhodes paid tribute to Spencer Kimball. Scholar who has gone on to become a scholar in every sense of that Howard G. Krane, a G.D. '57), partner word. His writings are known and persons who are at Kirkland & Ellis and trustee of the respected by knowledgeable in his fields. His University of Chicago, spoke in praise writings have also had an impact on the development of our laws. He of Walter Blum. has written five books and many articles. He has received the American Bar Foundation's Fellows

Research Award and the Elizur Wright Award for the most significant contribution to literature about insurance.

Spence has been a faculty member

at four law schools and the dean at

two. The fact that he would serve as

a dean for a second time calls his judgement into question, but there are two mitigating factors.

56 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD The first is that at the time he took his first deanship, at the University of Utah, he was very young. At thirty-two he was one of the youngest law school deans in the country. Second, measuring all the persons who have ever served as a law school dean in the state of Utah by a combination of good looks and scintillating personality, Spence Kimball comes in second on that all-time list.

If you were to ask our honoree what he considers his most important accomplishment in life, my guess is that the answer would relate to his family. On several occasions I had the opportunity of observing first-hand the great love and warmth that he felt for his father and mother, About one month from now he and his wife Kathryn will observe their forty-ninth wedding anniversary. They have raised six children and have thirteen grandchildren. They remain a close and devoted family. On behalf of all of us, I express our appreciation, our admiration, and our love for one of our finest, Spencer L. Kimball.

Howard Krane .

the outset of this evening's festivities, Howard Koven mentioned that he had known the last seven deans of the Law School. He failed, however, to mention Walter Blum, who, as we all know, has served as Atshadow dean of the Law School for decades. Walter is much more than an extraordinarily popular and effective professor who is one of the country's most brilliant and respected tax minds. He is a person with an extraordinary range of intellectual undertakings and interests. He is also someone, who, first as a student and then for over forty years as a professor, has cared passionately about the Law School. He is and has been interested in all aspects of the Law School-the quality of the education, the calibre of the faculty and students, the efficiency of the administration, and yes, even the mundane details of making sure the physical facility works, and works well.

An event that happened just about twenty-five years ago epitomizes the depth and breadth of Walter's commitment and concern for the Law School. The Pevsner sculpture that stands in front of the reflecting pool of the Law School was being dedicated. A number of distinguished personages were in attendance for the dedication, including dignitaries from France (the sculptor's own country), as well as many important officials from the Law School and the University community. All of these dignitaries gathered for the dedication ceremony, dressed in gowns and ceremonial sashes. As the program began, soap bubbles began floating out of the pool and filling the air, the result of a prank of a mischievous student who had placed twenty-five pounds of detergent in the reflecting pool. The next morning, Walter put the following note on the bulletin board: "Will the person who put the detergent in the reflecting pool yesterday please see me immediately. Walter J. Blum." This succinct note conveys not just Walter's optimism about human nature, but demonstrates his deep sense of responsibility for the wellbeing of the Law School. Nevertheless, it is my understanding that he still does not know the identity of the detergent culprit.

I ask you to rise and join me in a toast to our great friend and colleague, Walter Blum.

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 57 Memoranda

APPOINTMENTS of constitutional law, constitutional Spencer L. Kimball) Seymour history, comparative law and jurispru­ Logan Professor of Law, attained dence. He is editor of The Supreme Court retirement status on October 1, 1988, Faculty Review (together with Philip Kurland after nearly forty years in law teach­ and Dennis Hutchinson) and is Direc­ ing, including two terms as dean, at tor of the Law School's new Program the University of Utah College of Law in Law and Government. and the University of Wisconsin Law School. (See page 56.) He has been a Richard A. Epstein has been named member of the University of Chicago the James Parker Hall Distinguished Law School's faculty since 1972. Mr. Service Professor of Law. Mr. Epstein, Kimball has graciously accepted a a graduate of Columbia College, post-retirement appointment to teach Oxford University, and Yale Law insurance during the 1988-89 aca­ School, teaches and writes in many demic year. legal areas, including property, con­ tracts, torts, and Roman Law. His James D. Holzhauer, Assistant Pro­ controversial book, Takings, Private fessor of Law, resigned his appoint­ Property and the Power oj Eminent Domain ment at the Law School, effective June appeared in 1985. Mr. Epstein has 30, to join the Chicago law firm of been editor of the prestigious Journal Brown & Platt. Mr. Holzhauer Albert W. Alschuler of Mayer, Legal Studies since 1981. In 1985 he was is continuing his association with the elected a fellow of the American Acad­ Law School, however, having accepted Albert W. Alschuler has been ap­ emy of Arts and Sciences. an appointment as Lecturer in Law to pointed the Wilson-Dickinson Profes­ teach a course and a seminar during sor of Law, effective 1. The July pro­ Walter J. Blum) Edward H. Levi 1988-89. established in 1974, honors fessorship, Distinguished Service Professor, the of Wilson and Anna memory John attained retirement status on October Wilson Dickinson. It was previously Visiting Faculty 1, after forty years as a member of the held by Walter Blum (J.D. '41). Pro­ Law School faculty. (See page 56.) Mr. fessor Alschuler is a 1965 graduate of Donald L. Horowitz has accepted an Blum has graciously accepted a post­ Harvard Law School, where he was appointment as Visiting Professor of retirement appointment and is teach­ case editor of the Law Review. He law for the Autumn Quarter, 1988. ing two courses in the tax and joined the University of Chicago Law Mr. Horowitz, who is Professor of corporate reorganization curriculum School faculty in 1985, after Law, Public Policy Studies, and Politi­ teaching during 1988-89. at the universities of Pennsylvania, cal Science at Duke University, has Colorado, and Texas. Mr. Alschuler, served as chair of the American Acad­ Arts who studies criminal law and proce­ emy of and Sciences Planning on of the dure, has written extensively on plea Group Ethnicity and chair bargaining and sentencing reform. He Advisory Committee to the U.S. Com­ on He is the has been an outspoken opponent of mission Civil Rights. recent, more stringent federal sentenc­ author of numerous articles and books, ing guidelines. including The Courts and Social Policy (1977), which won the Louis Brownlow Gerhard Casper has been appointed Prize for the best book on public William B. Graham Distinguished administration and Ethnic Groups in Service Professor of Law, effective Conjlict (1985). He is currently at work October, 1987. Mr. Casper joined the on Methods oj Statutory Interpretation in will teach Law School faculty in 1966. He was American Law. Mr. Horowitz the Max Pam Professor of Law from Labor Law and a seminar on Compar­ Ethnic 1976 to 1980 when he was appointed ative Law, Politics & Policy: William B. Graham Professor of Law. Group Relations. He served as Dean of the Law School Walter Blum and Spencer Kimball serve as Visit­ from 1979-1987. Mr. Casper's re­ in the rocking chairs presented to Nils G. Mattsson will search interests lie mainly in the fields them by the Law Schoolfaculty ing Professor of Law and Law and Government Fellow for the Spring Quarter, 1989. Mr. Mattsson comes

58 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD from U ppsala University in Sweden, corporate mergers and acquisitions, For two years after his graduation where he is Professor of Law. He cur­ venture capital, and complex business from the Law School in 1979, Randall rently serves as consultant to an Ad transactions and has lectured and writ­ Schmidt practiced law with the Chi­ Hoc Committee on Tax on Expenditures ten widely these topics. Mr. Levin cago law firm of Aaron, Schimberg, appointed by the Ministers of Finance will teach a seminar on Structuring Hess, Rusnak, Deutsch and Gilbert. of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Nor­ Venture Capital and Entrepreneurial He joined the Mandel Legal Aid way, and Sweden, and he is the author Transactions in-the Spring Quarter. Clinic in January 1981 and specializes of several books, including Swedish in employment discrimination cases. International Tax and Taxation of Partner­ Jeffrey T. Sheffield, a partner in the ships. Mr. Mattsson will teach a course law firm of Kirkland & Ellis, has been Bigelow Teaching Fellows on Comparative Welfare Policy. appointed a Lecturer in Law for the academic year 1988-89. Mr. Sheffield Thomas J. Frederick graduated from graduated with honors from the Uni- Michigan State University in 1978 , versity of Chicago in 1976 and received with high honors. He received his J.D. his J.D. degree from Harvard Law cum laude from the University of School, cum laude, in 1979, where he Michigan Law School in 1984, where was articles editor on the Harvard Law he served as Articles Editor of the Review. He then served as law clerk to Michigan Law Review) received the Justice Benjamin Kaplan of the Mas­ Helen L. DeRoy Memorial Award for sachusetts Supreme Judicial Court. the best student contribution to the Mr. Sheffield specializes in federal Law Review) and was elected to the income taxation. At the Law School he Order of the Coif. Since graduation, will co-teach a course on Business he has worked for the Chicago law Planning. firm of Winston & Strawn as an asso­ ciate in general litigation, specializing in securities fraud litigation, construc­ Mandel Legal Aid Clinic tion contract litigation and appellate advocacy. Mark Heyrman and Randall Schmidt have been to Senior Clinical promoted M. earned his Lecturers in Law. Stephen Griffin B. G. S. from the University of Kansas After graduating from the Law Knut Norr in 1979. After a year of graduate study School in 1977, Mr. Heyrman spent a at the University of California at San year as an Assistant Defender at the Diego, he turned to law school, receiv­ Office of the State Appellate Defender ing his J.D. in 1983 from the Univer­ Knut W Norr will be the Max of Illinois. He joined the Mandel Legal sity of Kansas Law School. He earned Rheinstein Visiting Professor dur­ Aid Clinic in 1978 and specializes in an LL.M. from New York University ing the Autumn Quarter, 1988. Mr. the of the disabled and rights mentally Law School in 1986. Since then he has Norr, a professor at the University of the education rights of handicapped served as a Research Instructor in Law is a historian Tiibingen, leading legal children. He is a member of the men­ at NYU Law School. He has written in Germany. In recent years, he has tal health committees of the Chicago several articles, including "Recon­ served as a visiting professor at the Bar Association and the Chicago structing Rawls' of in University of California at Berkeley Council of Theory Justice" Lawyers. volume 62 of the New York and has taught and lectured in Can­ University Law Review. ada, England, France, Spain, Italy, Austria, Switzerland, Japan, and David Grosz received his J.D. from Hong Kong. Mr. Norr will teach a the University of California at Los course on Developments in German Law School in 1975. While at Law since 1900. Angeles law school, he worked for the NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund Lecturers in Law and the Federal Prisoners' Civil Liti­ gation Project. Since 1978, he has Jack S. Levin, a partner in the Chi­ worked with the Los Angeles law firm cago law firm of Kirkland & Ellis and of Fisher & Moest, in the fields of pub­ the author of more than twenty books lic law, constitutional law and civil lib­ and articles, will serve as Lecturer in erties. His clients have included Law during the 1988-89 academic charitable and religious organizations, year. Mr. Levin received his LL.B. municipalities, environmental groups, summa cum laude from Harvard Law college teachers, and journalists. He School. He is an expert in areas of tax,

Jack Levin

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 59 has worked on several cases in the Meera Werth graduated from the Kramer Fellow United States Supreme Court, includ­ Lady Shri Ram College of the Univer­ Delhi before in ing most recently Board ojAirport Com­ sity of New enrolling Luke M. Froeb has been selected as the missioners v. JewsjorJesus (1987). IIT Chicago-Kent College of Law. She Victor H. Kramer Foundation Fellow received her J.D. with highest honors for 1988-89. Mr. Froeb is an econo­ Michael Osborne received his B.A. in 1984, having served as a member of mist in the Economics Analysis Group in law and political theory in 1983 and the Moot Court Society, a Legal Writ­ of the U. S. Department ofJustice and his LL. B. cum laude in 1986 from the ing Teaching Assistant, and Lead Arti­ specializes in the economic analysis of University of Witwatersrand in Johan­ cles Editor of the Law Review, in which criminal law. He earned his Ph.D. in nesburg, South Africa. He received his she published a comment entitled economics from the University ofWis­ LL.M. from the University of Notre "Spousal Notification and the Right of consin in 1983 and his B.A. in Eco­ Dame Law School this year. Mr. Privacy." Since graduating Ms. Werth nomics from Stanford University in Osborne has served as a Lecturer at has practiced law with the Chicago 1978. Before joining the Justice firm of Hardin & where the University of Witwatersrand Schiff, Waite, Department, Mr. Froeb was an Assist­ School of Law and has won several she has specialized in general litigation. ant Professor in the Economics academic awards, including the Brad­ Department at Tulane University. low Notre Dame Human Law Rights M. Olin Fellows Scholarship, the Edward Nathan and John Administration Friedland Scholarship for academic Francis Buckley has been appointed a excellence, and the Human Sciences M. Olin Fellow in Law Research Council He has also John Visiting Bursary. and Economics for 1988-89. Mr. several articles, published including received his B.A. in 1969 and "Arrest Force" in volume 16 of Busi­ Buckley by his LL.B. in 1974 from McGill Univer­ nessman's Law. sity, Montreal, where he was editor-in­ chief of the McGill Law He Barbara Y. Welke received her B.A. Journal. received the LL.M. degree from Har­ with highest distinction from the Uni­ vard Law School in 1975. Mr. Buckley versity of Kansas in 1980. She earned joined the faculty of McGill University her cum laude in 1983 from the JD. 'in 1977 and has been Associate Profes­ University of Michigan Law School, sor of Law since 1984. where she worked on theJournal ofLaw Reform and won the Law School Schol­ Lloyd R. Cohen has been appointed arly Writing Award. After graduating, John M. Olin Visiting Fellow in Law she law for two with the practiced years and Economics for 1988-89. Mr. Chicago law firm of Jenner & Block Cohen graduated from Harpur Col­ and spent a year as a cooperating lege in 1968. He received his M.A. attorney with the American Civil Lib­ degree in economics in 1973 from the erties Union. Ms. Welke is currently a State University of New York at Century Fund Fellow at the University Binghamton and his Ph.D. in 1976 Roberta Evans of Chicago, where she is a Ph.D. candi­ from the same institution. After a date in history. period of teaching economics, Mr. Cohen entered Emory University Roberta C. Evans has been promoted School of Law, earning his J D. with to Assistant Dean and Director of honors in 1983. He was articles editor Graduate Student Affairs, effective of the Emory Law Journal and was July 1, 1988. Ms. Evans received her elected to the Order of the Coif. After B.A. with honors from the University graduating. he clerked for Judge of Connecticut in 1958 where she was a Gerald B. Tjoflat of the U. S. Court of member of Phi Beta Kappa. She Appeals for the 11th Circuit and received her JD. from the Law School served for a year as special counsel to in 1961. Since 1973 she has been asso­ Susan Liebeler, Vice Chair of the U. S. ciated with the Chicago law firm of International Trade Commission. Lurie, Sklar and Simon (now Neal, Since 1985 he has been Associate Pro­ Gerber, Eisenberg and Lurie), where fessor of Law at California Western she specializes in probate and estate School of Law. planning. Ms. Evans has served as Assistant to the Dean at the Law School since 1981.

Meera Werth

60 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD LAW SCHOOL NEWS the past fifty years, toward a mild social democracy with a moderate redistribution of wealth. Mr. Stock­ Scalia at the Justice man illustrated his theme by looking at Law School specific areas of government: the budget, economic and market regula­ Justice Antonin Scalia of the United tion, health and safety, and the essen­ States Supreme Court returned to the tial architecture of government itself. University of Chicago on January 26, 1988, as a Marjorie Kovler Visiting Fellow. He gave a public lecture on Judge Mikva Visits the "The Constitution, the People, and Law School the Courts" in the Law School's Glen A. Lloyd auditorium and followed this Judge AbnerJ. Mikva G.D. '51) of the the next day with an informal question U. S. Court of Appeals for the District Hon. David and answer session for members of the Stockman of Columbia Circuit returned to the Law School. In his speech, Justice Law School and the University in April as a Marjorie Kovler Visiting C.R. Musser Lecture Fellow. Judge Mikva spoke to the Law School community on "National Secu­ In conjunction with the new Law and rity and Unamericanism." In his talk, Government Program, the Honorable Mikva traced the history of the Uni­ David A. Stockman, former director versity's struggles with anti-Commu­ of the Office of Management and nist investigating committees of the Budget in the Reagan Administration, 1940s and 1950s. He examined in gave the C.R. Musser Lecture in Law detail the battles President Robert and Economics on February 24. In a Maynard Hutchins fought with the talk entitled "The Irony of the Reagan Illinois legislature over academic free­ Revolution," in front of a capacity dom, especially the occasion in 1949 crowd in the Glen A. Lloyd Audito­ when the legislature set up a special rium, Mr. Stockman discussed the commission after University of Chi­ promises made by the Administration cago and Roosevelt University stu­ at the beginning of President Reagan's dents had marched to Springfield to first term of office. He asserted that protest the passage of the Broyles Act, instead of the promised 180 degree which made it a felony to belong to a of change of direction, the inventory communist or communist front organ­ Justice Antonin Scalia results for 1989 will show no change at ization. The commission subpoenaed all and that the Reagan "insurgency" Hutchins to testify "on his own beliefs will end up consolidating the trends of and those of others," especially profes- Scalia discussed the significance that the U. S. Constitution has for the American people. He found it para­ doxical that an "afterthought," the Bill of Rights, should today be the most celebrated feature of the Constitution. Comparing the Bill of Rights to that of the Soviet Union, which has far more explicit and expansive guarantees, Scalia pointed out that here liberties and rights exist as "the fruit and not the roots of our constitutional tree"; that is, although not so explicit in the text, these rights arise because the gov­ ernment structure defined in the Arti­ cles protects them. "It is those hum­ drum provisions that convert the Bill of Rights from a paper assurance to a living guarantee." Scalia explored the functions of the Court in the question and answer sessions.

Dean Geoffrey Stone enjoys ajoke withJudge Abner Mikva

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 61 sors who had belonged to organiza­ tions regarded as "communist fronts." The commission was also concerned University's Centennial about a communist club on campus Plans "which had all of eleven members," Underway Mikva said. The University of Chicago reaches its During what he called the "Fright­ centennial in 1991 and a of cele­ ening Fifties", Mikva said that "there year brations from October 1991 to Octo­ was a fear of the spoken and written ber 1992 is being planned. Chairing word. Freedom of speech is not as the faculty Centennial Planning Com­ absolute as we sometimes think. We mittee is Walter J. Blum G.D. '41), Americans consider freedom of speech Edward H. Levi Distinguished Service to be the difference between us and the Professor Emeritus. Gerhard Casper fascists or the communists, but when is also a member of the Committee, we think there's a threat, it's often cur­ while Richard Epstein is chair of the tailed." as a more secure and Only academic conferences subcommittee. mature will we the society approach The theme of the celebrations will goals of the First Amendment and be be "The Idea of a University." Al­ more tolerant of the inflammatory though events will represent a serious speech and activities that frighten us. consideration of themes suggested by He called for a strong, but not abso­ the University's first hundred years, lutist interpretation of the First Mr. Blum also sees the celebration as Amendment and out that pointed and and envi­ massive violations of constitutional "light-hearted playful," sions such attractions as a hot-air bal­ rights could happen again. loon stationed in the center of campus Judge Mikva served five terms in that would give people a bird's-eye the Illinois Legislature and five terms view of the University and its neigh­ ety is planning a major exhibition on in the U. S. Congress before joining borhood. He also hopes to see a num- "Chicago in the 1890s" that will focus the U.S. Court of Appeals. As a U.S. ber of exhibits on that would on the of the and . campus founding University Congressman he opposed increased show, for example, what William several other cultural institutions dur­ military spending, favored public Rainey Harper's office looked like ing the decade of "Chicago Renais­ financing of congressional campaigns during the' University's first years or sance," as it has come to be called. and persistently introduced handgun what apparatus scientists used to per­ Major exhibitions are also planned for control bills. He graduated with hon­ form some of the first experiments on the Smart Gallery, the Regenstein ors from the Law where he was School, and the Renaissance editor-in-chief of the Law Review. campus. Library, Society. A number of academic conferences Hyde Park's commemoration of its The Marjorie Kovler Visiting Fel­ are already being arranged for the incorporation into the city of Chicago lows Program is designed to encourage Centennial year. The Law School, in in 1889 will also link up with the Uni­ interaction between students and conjunction with the Robert J. Kutak versity's celebrations. prominent individuals in the arts and Foundation, has planned a conference Walter Blum's family was Iiving in public affairs. Previous Fellows have on the Bill of Rights that will also mark Chicago at the time of the foundation included Justice John Paul Stevens, the 200th anniversary of that docu­ of the University. "The 1890s was a Senator Gary Hart, Beverly Sills, and ment. A conference on the structure of fabulous in Charlton Heston. period Chicago's develop­ the academic disciplines will look at ment," he says. "The Centennial will today's universities and consider explore the juxtaposition of that his­ S. & S. Ulysses Marguerite whether the structure continues to pro­ tory against the history of the Univer­ Schwartz Lecture vide opportunities for intellectual sity, which was a major contributor to growth. The Chicago Historical Soci- the cultural growth of the city." On April 26, Eleanor B. Alter, a mem­ ber of the New York law firm of Rosen­ man & Colin, delivered a speech to the Law School community entitled "You Can't Go Home Again: How Family the great variations between jurisdic­ state. There are virtually no guidelines Law is Changing Who We Are and tions over such matters as whether and problems of identifying property, What We Own." Ms. Alter was the marriage is a partnership and what such as academic degrees earned dur­ Ulysses S. & Marguerite S. Schwartz property is subject to division. Courts ing the marriage with the assets of the Visiting Fellow in the Spring Quarter, have great discretion in administering other spouse, commingling of assets, 1988. Her talk focused on the area of the division of property and inconsis­ appreciation of assets and income from property and judicial discretion in tencies arise, even within the same separate property, and indirect contri­ matrimonial law. Pointing out that 50 butions (such as homemaking) must percent of all civil litigation is matri­ be resolved. All these aspects produce monially related, Ms. Alter reviewed

62 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Calabresi Awarded Honorary Degree

Guido Calabresi, Sterling Professor of Law and Dean of Yale Law School, was awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws at the Spring Convo­ cation onJune 10, 1988. Mr. Calabresi was honored for his work as a founder of the law and economics movement and as a scholar who has encouraged a style of scholarship in law that treats the legal system as a worthy subject for disinterested and scientific study rather than as a set of rules to be mani­ pulated for political purposes. William M. Landes, Clifton R. Musser Profes­ sor of Economics, presented Mr. Cala­ with President Hanna H. Guido Calabresi Gray bresi at the Convocation. lengthy and expensive litigation and Kurland is Laing Winner Altheimer and Gray Supports most cases are settled just to avoid Student Activities Area these problems. Interest in prenuptial Philip B. Kurland, Professor of Law contracts is also growing. Ms. Alter and William R. Kenan, Jr., Distin­ In 1987 the Placement Office moved to proposed some remedies, such as a guished Service Professor in the Col­ new offices under the Green Lounge fifty-fifty division of all property lege, and his co-editor, Ralph Lerner, and Placement's old premises below were made except that which has been kept sepa­ received the University of Chicago the Moot Court Room rate. Parties should be allowed to con­ Press's 1987 Gordon J. Laing Award available as a student lounge. The law tract out of the system. She explained for their book The Founders' Constitution. firm of Altheimer and Gray has gener­ that this would increase consistency, The Laing Award is presented annu­ ously provided funds to redecorate and reduce costs and make both parties ally to the University faculty author, refurbish the area, in memory of "equal." editor or translator of the book Irving B. Naiburg (j.D, '32), a partner published during the preceding two in the firm, who died in 1987. The years that adds the greatest distinction newly decorated room reopened to stu­ D. Francis Bustin Prizes to the list of the University of Chicago dents at the beginning of the Fall Press. Quarter. Three faculty members have been awarded D. Francis Bustin Prizes this year. Ronald H. Coase, Clifton R. Musser Professor Emeritus of Eco­ nomics, received the award for his book The Firm, the Market, and the Law. David P. Currie, Harry N. Wyatt Pro­ fessor of Law, was recognized for his continuing scholarship on the history of the Supreme Court's interpretation of the United States Constitution. Harry Kalven, Jr. a.D. '38), was pos­ thumously awarded the prize for his book A Wortlry Tradition: Freedom oj Speech in America. The prizes are made possible by the D. Francis Bustin Edu­ cational Fund for the Law School and are awarded in recognition of scholarly contributions to the improvement of the processes of our government.

New student activities area

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 63 FACULTY NOTES In May, he argued on behalf of the the University and answered ques­ constitutionality of the United States tions. On June 6, he gave a lecture at Commission before the the of on In April, Albert Alschuler, Wilson­ Sentencing University Munster "The United States Court of for the Nature of the a Dickinson Professor of Law, partici­ Appeals Firm," and addressed 9th Circuit. seminar the On 8 pated in a conference on civil following day. June he traveled to in the procedure reform at Northwestern Wallenfangen In K. Baum a University Law School. The confer­ May, Jonathan G.D. Saarland to attend conference orga­ Staff and Clinical Fel­ nized the of the Saarland ence was sponsored by the American '82), Attorney by University discussed the Mandel Aid on "The New Law Institute. In June, Mr. Alschuler low, Legal Instutitional Approach Clinic's new to Economic gave a lecture on empirical studies of Welfare/Employment History." on a at a statewide con­ pornography at the Annual Meeting of Project panel ference on "Women and Children in the Law and Society Association in in Illinois. Last Vail, Colorado. At that meeting he Poverty" Springfield, December, the Trust Fund of also took part in a panel discussion on Lawyers Illinois awarded the Clinic an the effectiveness of alternative dispute $18,000 grant for the Mr. Baum wrote resolution techniques in civil cases. project. the amicus brief for the ACLU in Mr. Alschuler's paper, Departures and v. Schultz First Amendment Plea Agreements under the Sentenc­ Frisby (a to a residential ing Guidelines, appeared in 117 challenge picketing in the United States F.R.D. 459 (1988). ban) Supreme Court.

In March, Mary Becker, Professor of Law, gave the keynote speech at Women's History Week at Mundelein College in Chicago. Her talk was enti­ tled "Women and the Constitution." Later in the month, she spoke on the David Currie with Lawrence Liu '82 same topic at the Midwest Faculty in Conference on the Constitution at the Taipei University of Chicago. Ms. Becker also delivered the Centennial Lecture David P. Currie, Harry N. Wyatt Series on The Constitution and the Professor of Law, presented a paper on American Experience at the Univer­ "The Constitution of the United sity of Puget Sound School of Law, in States: The First Two Hundred Years" Tacoma, Washington. Her theme was at a conference on "The Evolving "The Constitution and Women." United States Constitution: 1787- Paul Bator 1987" in Taipei in June, under the Gerhard Casper, William B. Gra­ auspices of the Institute of American Paul M. Bator, John P. Wilson Pro­ ham Distinguished Service Professor Culture, Academica Sinica. Earlier in fessor of Law, was a panelist at the of Law, has been awarded the the year Mr. Currie played a cameo Manhattan Institute's Symposium on SmithKline Beckman Award in Legal role in the student musical as Inspector "The Historical Roots of the Liability Education from the Institute for Edu­ Sherwood V. Walker, complete with Controversy," held in Charleston, cational Affairs. This grant is to sup­ deerstalker hat and patter song. South Carolina, on February 11-13, port Mr. Casper's research on 1988. At the beginning of March, Mr. American constitutional history dur­ In January, 1988, Richard A. Bator spoke to the Annual Symposium ing the period between ratification of Epstein, James Parker Hall Distin­ of the Federalist Society in Charlottes­ the Constitution and the presidency of guished Service Professor of Law, gave ville, Virginia, on the topic "Do We Thomas Jefferson, which will lead to two papers at the AALS meeting in Have an Unwritten Constitution?" the teaching of an innovative course San Francisco, one before the adminis­ On April 3, he gave the luncheon under the auspices ofthe Law School's trative law session on privatization, address at the Symposium of the Law and Government Program. and one before the real property sec­ American Enterprise Institute on tion on the law of covenants and servi­ "The Fettered Executive Branch," at On June 2, Ronald H. Coase, Clif­ tudes. In February, he delivered the the Hotel in Mayflower Washington, ton R. Musser Professor Emeritus of Quinlan lecture on the" Rule of Law" D. C. Later in he chaired a at Oklahoma Law April, panel Economics, received an honorary doc­ City University the work of the School. In he delivered a discussing Supreme torate degree from the University of April lecture, Court at the Conference of the the Law Judicial Koln, West Germany. At the cere­ sponsored by Brooklyn Fifth Circuit in Jackson, Mississippi. mony, Mr. Coase gave a short talk entitled "The Task That Awaits." Two days later, he addressed a seminar at

64 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD School, on "Rent Control and the ence on Antitrust Issues in Today's Theory of Efficient Regulation," and Economics held in New York on the Irvine Lecture at Cornell Univer­ March 2-3 and sponsored by The sity Law School on "Privatization: Its Conference Board. Mr. Landes has Prospects and Perils." Mr. Epstein been appointed to the Committee of spoke on "Contract Approaches to Advisers for the American Law Insti­ Medical Malpractice" at the Institute tute's Restatement of the Law of of Medicine's special session on Unfair Competition. Obstetrics and Gynecolgy in June. In Max Pam Pro­ addition, he gave workshops at the John H. Langbein) Department of Economics, University fessor of American and Foreign Law, of Illinois, and Harvard Law School presented the annual Joseph Tracht­ on "The Public Trust Doctrine," at man Lecture to the American College lIT Chicago-Kent Law School on pf Probate Counsel meeting at Marco "AIDS, Employment and Testing," at Island, Florida, on February 25. The the Department of Philosophy at Bowl­ lecture, entitled "The Twentieth­ ing Green University on "Consequen­ Century Revolution in Family Wealth " tial Damages in the Law of Damages, Transmission and the Future of the and in the University of Chicago Mid­ Probate Bar" is being published in The west seminar series on "The Proper Probate Lawyer, while a scholarly version Michael McConnell Scope of the Commerce Power." is appearing in the Michigan Law Review. On March 22, Mr. Langbein Michigan State University, entitled addressed the Chicago Bar Associa­ "Do We Have We a Writ­ At the annual meeting of the (Do Want) tion's Probate Practice Section on ten Constitution?" The next he Roman Law Society of America in day "The Next Steps toward Unifying the and Professor Fred Schauer discussed Champaign -in April, Richard H. Law of Probate and Nonprobate and Freedom Helmholz, Ruth Wyatt Rosenson Pro­ Separationism Religious Transfers." On May 9, he traveled to at the of Michigan Law fessor of Law, spoke on his project to University St. Louis to to the Estate Plan­ School. On March 30, he translate some of the basic sources in speak argued ning Council on "The Future of the before the United States Supreme Roman and canon law. Also in April, Nonprobate System." He participated Court on behalf of appellant United Mr. Helmholz spoke to a faculty semi­ in a Wharton School symposium on Families of America in Kendrick v. nar at in St. Washington University of The Fiduciary Implications Proxy Bowen, a case involving the constitu­ Louis on the origins of the privilege of Pension Plan Assets" in Phil­ of self-incrimination. Later that Voting tionality allowing religious organi­ against "The adelphia on May 12. His paper, zations to participate in a federally month he gave a paper on the relation Dilemmas of Fiduciary Investing funded to combat . teenage oflegal theory to practice at the annual program under ERISA" is to appear in the On 25, Mr. McCon­ meeting of the Medieval Academy of pregnancy. April published conference proceedings. On nell addressed the National Diocesan America in Philadelphia. June 8, Mr. Langbein spoke to the Attorneys Conference meeting in of legal history section at the meeting Washington, D. c., on "The Religion On D. May 11, 1988, James the Canadian Association of Law Clauses: Where Is the Supreme Court of Holzhauer, Assistant Professor Law, on Teachers in Windsor, Ontario, Heading?" He and Judge Richard presented a paper entitled "The of Law­ "The Displacement Judges by Posner presented a paper entitled "An 'Reverse' Boys Markets Injunction" at Crimi­ yers in the Eighteenth-Century Economic Analysis of the Religion the AFL-CIO Union Confer­ Lawyers nal Trial." Later in the month he Clauses of the First Amendment" at ence in On 15, he Chicago. May par­ participated in a conference on "Inter­ the Law School's Law and Economics in a panel discussion at Crimi­ ticipated national Legal Cooperation in Workshop on May 24. OnJune 15, he Temple Beth Israel in Skokie on States nal Matters between the United appeared on WGN Radio's "Exten­ "AIDS: A Legal Perspective." The of Ger­ and the Federal Republic sion 720" program to discuss a recent a confer­ same week, he participated in Law School many," held at Harvard report on censorship in America. ence on "Health Treatment Rights, for senior government officials and HIV and the Aids," sponsored by academics from both countries. In P. Profes­ National Legal Center for the Medi­ April, Geoffrey Miller, sor Law and Associate deliv­ & Disabled. Mr. Holz­ of Dean, cally Dependent Michael W McConnell O.D. '79), ered a on court at a hauer a at the confer­ paper backlogs presented paper Assistant Professor of Law, traveled to Yale Law School conference on Civil ence entitled "AIDS in the Testing Arizona State on " University February Health Care Liability. Setting. 10 to debate Dean Paul Bender on the meaning of the Religion Clauses of the Clifton R. William M. Landes) First Amendment. On February 23, On January 26, Norval Morris) Musser Professor of a Economics, gave he delivered a lecture at his alma Julius Kreeger Professor of Law and talk entitled Behavior and "Strategic mater, James Madison College of Criminology, gave the keynote speech Enforcement" at a confer- Antitrust in Sydney, Australia, at the Interna-

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 65 tional Correctional Conference, held Daniel N. Shaviro, Assistant Profes­ Washington University and at Rutgers to mark the Bicentennial of the First sor of Law, addressed the Tax Man­ University. Both speeches involved Fleet's arrival in Botany Bay. On agement Advisory Board on April 21 revisions in the law of equal protection March he attended a 2, meeting in in New York and on May 12 in Wash­ for the twenty-first century. In April, D. of the D. Washington, c., Advisory ington, C. He also took part in a he participated in a conference at Committee to the Federal Bureau of panel discussion at the 10th Annual Georgetown University called "After Prisons. Back in he the Conference on Chicago, gave Federal Taxation of Real the Bicentennial." His paper dealt. at the Annual Estate keynote speech Meeting Transactions, sponsored by New with proportional or group representa­ of the National Council on Crime and York University, held on May 2 in New tion. In early June, Mr. Sunstein on 13. At the of Delinquency April end York and June 6 in San Francisco. spoke at an interdisciplinary confer­ he the dinner address at a April, gave ence on community and liberty in Tuc­ at the Patuxent Institute in meeting On January 26, Geoffrey R. Stone, son, Arizona. His paper discussed the the Maryland, sponsored by American Harry Kalven, Jr., Professor of Law circumstances in which government Academy of Psychiatry and the Law. and Dean of the Law School, spoke to might justifiably interfere with volun­ On Mr. a May 25, Morris gave lunch­ the Ninth Circuit Judicial Conference tary transactions. eon address at the Alabama Trial on "The Supreme Court, the Takings Judges Sentencing Institute in Tusca­ Clause and Freedom of Expression." loosa, Alabama, for the National Judi­ At the end of June, he spoke to the cial College. The next day he was at Fourth Circuit Judicial Conference on the other end of the country, acting as "The 1987 Term of the Supreme presenter and moderator at a meeting Court: The Free Speech and Criminal of the Washington Sentencing Guide­ Procedure Decisions. " lines Commission in Seattle and addressing a luncheon meeting. On In January, David Strauss, Assist­ May 27 he went on to Portland, Ore­ ant Professor of Law, spoke on affirm­ gon, where he addressed the City Club ative action at the annual meeting of on the subject of "Crime, Crime Rate the American Association of Law and Portland." At the end of June, Schools in Miami. In April he filed a Mr. Morris chaired a meeting of the brief in the United States Supreme Board of the National Institute of Cor­ Court on behalf of Edward H. Levi, rections in Louisville, Kentucky. G.D. '35), Glen A. Lloyd Distin­ guished Service Professor Emeritus, Alan Sykes and two other former United States Attorneys General in Morrison v. Olson, Alan Sykes, Assistant Professor of a case concerning the constitutionality Law, presented a paper entitled "The of the Independent Counsel provisions Role of Duties of the Ethics in Government Act. Also Proper Countervailing in U. S. Trade Policy" at the University in April, he filed a brief in the of Michigan Law School's seminar on Supreme Court on behalf of the International Economic Law and Pol­ National League of Cities and others, icy in March. In May, he presented defending the constitutionality of an a paper (co-author Professor Larry affirmative action program adopted by Kramer) on "Municipal Liability the City of Richmond, Virginia. At under 1983: A Legal and Economic the end of April, Mr. Strauss was Analysis" at the Harvard Law School principal speaker at a program on the Workshop in Law and Economics. Constitution at the University of Wis­ Stephen Schulhofer consin at LaCrosse. He gave a paper On 25, Diane Wood, Professor entitled "Equal Protection and the April of chaired a on Current Urban 'Underclass.'" Law, program Frank and Stephen J. Schulhofer, Issues Relating to the International Bernice J. Greenberg Professor of Law of Antitrust In Cass Aspects Law, sponsored and Director of the January, Sunstein, Profes­ Center for Studies the ABA Section of International sor of Law and Professor in the by in Criminal one Justice, presented of Law and in of Political Science and Practice, Washington, the at the annual Department principal papers D. C. The focused on two the two talks at program top­ of the Penal Law College, gave the meeting Egyptian ics: ventures in the U.S. annual of American joint involving Association in in meeting law pro­ Alexandria, Egypt, most such as the fessors. The first talk dealt with industry participants, His theme was "Protection of ques­ April. Sematech which are tions of constitutional venture, justified Human Rights in the Post-trial Phase interpretation, the second with the of the American Criminal Case." relationship between feminism and traditional jurisprudence. In February, Mr. Sun­ stein delivered speeches at George

66 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD as necessary to combat foreign compe­ tition, and the planned Department of Justice Antitrust Guidelines for Inter­ national Operations. On May 4, 1988, she gave another talk on the subject of International Joint Ventures and the Antitrust Laws, before a seminar sponsored by the World Trade Insti­ tute, again in Washington, nc. The following week, she attended a semi­ nar in Chicago on "Doing Business in Canada under the Canada/United States Free Trade Agreement." From May 16 through May 21, Ms. Wood attended a conference in Rome on Law and Computers, which was organized by the Supreme Court of Cassation of Italy. She gave a paper entitled "Com­ petition Law in the Computer Indus­ L. to r.: Moot Court runners-up Beth Golden and Sean Smith,' Robert Bork, Patricia Minor winners try: A Study of Market Power and Its Judge Wald, andJudgeJohn Wisdom; competition Abuse" before the "Production, Trade, Katherine Henry and Samuel Wilkins and Finance" session, which considered the way in which market power should Senior Comment Editor; Michael of the Coif. Michael Annes, Marc be evaluated in fast-moving, high tech­ Cicero, Robert Clothier, Andrew Brenner, Christopher Eisgruber, Erin nology industries. Ostrognai, and Roger Stern, Com­ Enright, Hugh Hallman, Paul Heald, ment Editors. David Hurwitz, David Litt, Richard On February 23, Hans Zeisel, Pro­ Nagareda, Stephen Ritchie, Brian fessor Emeritusof Law and Sociology, Sieve, Andrew Smith, Sean Smith, addressed the Chicago Sociological Moot Court Samuel Wilkins III, Michelle Wilson, Practice Association on "What to Do Richard Wirthlin, David Wolfsohn, In a the about Crime." On this occasion he closely fought contest, arguing and Ari Zymelman. The following stu­ also received the Association's annual constitutionality of the so-called Spe­ dents also received their degrees with Award for Outstanding Sociological cial Prosecutor Act, Katherine Henry, honors: Edward Adams, John Bara­ Practice. class of 1989, and Samuel Wilkins III, niak, Jr., Scott Barash, Martin Black, class of 1988, narrowly defeated Beth Jiffrey Brauch,Joseph Brennan,Jona- and Sean both class of Golden Smith, than Bunge, Paul Eberhardt, STUDENT NOTES 1988, in the 1988 Hinton Moot Court Lawrence Frishman, Joseph Gregor, Competition on May 11. Henry and Alison Humphrey, Philip Karmel, won Court Wilkins the Hinton Moot Rebecca Lederhouse, Lori Martin, Law Review and Cup and the Thomas J. Mulroy Stuart Mills, Roger Moffitt, Robert Forum Awards for Excellence in Legal Appellate Mowrey, Kathleen Murdock, Joel Distinction. Advocacy with Highest Neuman, Michelle Patzke, Gregory The Managing Board of volume 56 of Golden and Smith received the Karl Poe, Marjorie Reifenberg, Adam Sil­ The Law Review Memorial and the University of Chicago Llewellyn Cup ver, Leslie Singer, Darin Snyder, Dis­ are: James Barry III, Editor-in-Chief; Thomas J. Mulroy Awards with Andrew Spiropoulos, Michael Vhay, Mark Snyderman, Executive Editor; tinction. The judges were ChiefJudge Christopher Vicovic, Christina Wells, Court of Dennis Black, Managing and Book Patricia Wald of the US. and Michael Yetnikoff. Review and for the District of Columbia Editor; John Du.ffy Jac­ Appeals Julie Bradlow, A ndrew Patner, and Articles Minor Wisdom of queline Oreglia, Editors; Circuit, Judge John Dean Schramm received the Ann Bar­ Erika and Comments the US. Court of for the Fifth Geetter, Topics Appeals ber Outstanding Service Award, which Editor; Katharine Baker, Circuit, and Robert Bork (I.D, '53), James goes to the third-year students who Gauch, Alan Meese, Richard Murphy, formerly judge of the US. Court of have made a particularly helpful con­ and Drew Comment Editors. Appeals for the District of Columbia Page, tribution to the quality of life at the The Editorial Board for volume Circuit. Law School. The Joseph Henry Beale 1989 of The University of Chicago Legal Prize, for outstanding work in the first­ Forum are: Renata Sos, Editor-in­ Honors and Awards year legal research. and writing pro­ Chief; Clark, Managing Edi­ Douglas gram was awarded to Ashutosh tor; Paul Nelson and Susan Paulsrud, The following students of the Class of Bhagwat, William Davis, Bruce Research and Symposium Editors; 1988 received their degrees with hon­ Doughty, Jacqueline Gerson, Andrea Theodore Beutel and Jennifer Gold­ ors and were inducted into the Order Nervi, and Henry Olsen III. The n Articles David stein, Editors; Siegel, Francis Bustin Prize for the best

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 67 ' published comments was awarded to Edward Adams 88 (Judge Harvie United States District Courts ' Paul Heald, class of 1988, for his Wilkinson III, 4th Cir.) Martin Black 88 (Judge Edward ' comment" Money Damages and Cor­ Scott Barash 88 (Judge Lanier Cahn, s.u PA) rective Advertising: An Economic Anderson III, 11th Cir.) Beth Boland '88 (Judge Milton Pol­ ' Analysis," in volume 54 of The Univer­ Jule Bradlow 88 (Judge Michael lack, s.n NY) sity of Chicago Law Review; to Gregory Kanne, 7th Cir.) Leland Chait '88 (Judge George Mark, class of 1988, for his comment, Joseph Brennan '88 (Judge Grady Arceneaux Jr., E. n LA) "The Personification of the Business Jolly, 5th Cir.) Catherine Fiske '88 (Judge Walter ' Corporation in American Law," in Jonathan Bunge 88 (Judge James Skinner, MA) ' volume 54 of the Law Review; and to Buckley, nc. Cir.) Julie Justicz 88 (Judge Robert JamesRosenzweig, class of 1988, for his Christopher Eisgruber '88 (Judge Hall, N.n GA) " comment State Prison Conditions Patrick Higginbotham, 5th Cir.) John Knight '88 (Judge Hubert and the Eighth Amdendment: What Erin Enright '88 (Judge Stephen Will, N.n IL) ' Standard for Reform under Section Williams, nc. Cir.) Michelle Patzke 88 (Judge Paul 1983?" in the 1988 volume of The Uni­ Todd Gaziano '88 (Judge Edith Plunkett, N.n IL) versity of Chicago Legal Forum. Marc Jones, 5th Cir.) Mary Rowland '88 (Judge Julian Brenner, class of 1988, was the 1987 Paul Heald '88 (Judge FrankJohn­ Cook, Jr., s.n MI) winner of the Isaiah S. Dorfman Prize, son, Jr., 11th Cir.) Dean Schramm '88(Judge Brook for outstanding work in Labor Law; Louis Hensler III '88 (Judge J. Bartlett, w.n MO) Rachel Heyman, class of 1988, won the Edmonson, 11 th Cir.) Brian Sieve '88 (Judge Milton Sha­ prize for 1988. The Edwin F. Mandel Philip Karmel '88 (Judge Edward dur, N.n IL) Award, to the graduating students who Becker, 3rd Cir.) Adam Silver '88 (Judge Kimba , have contributed most to the Law Peter Kennedy 88 (Judge Thomas Wood, S. n NY) School's clinical education program, Fairchild, 7th Cir.) Michael Vhay '88 (Judge Brian was awarded to John Knight and Diane Klotnia '87 (Judge Max Duff, N.n IL) Adam Silver. Andrew Smith received Rosenn, 3rd Cir.) ' the John M. Olin prize, for the out­ David Litt 88 (Judge Alfred United States Tax Court standing graduate in Law and Eco­ Goodwin, 9th Cir.) Clifford Gross '88 (Judge Arthur nomics. The Casper Platt Award, for Mary Mace '88 (Judge Grady Jolly, Nims III, nc.) the best paper written by a student in 5th Cir.) the Law School, was made to Michael Gregory Mark '88 (Judge Bruce State Supreme Courts Keane, class of 1988, for his paper Selya, 1 st Cir.) Jeffrey Brauch '88 (Judge William ' "The Influence of the French Literary Lori Martin 88 (Judge Eugene Callow, WI) Critics on Critical Legal Studies." Davis, 5th Cir.) Andrew Kayton '88 (Judge Charles Christopher Eisgruber received the Roger Moffitt '88 (Judge Stephen Levin, MI) Hyman M. Spector Award for excel­ Anderson, 10th Cir.) lent scholarship in the field of civil Kathy Murdock' 88 (Judge William liberties. Bauer, 7th Cir.) Richard Nagareda '88 (Judge Clerkships 1988-89 Douglas Ginsburg, ne. Cir.) ' Joel Neuman 88 (Judge Joel Fifty-one graduates of the Law Flaum, 7th Cir.) Poe '88 Gold­ School, a record number, have Gregory (Judge Irving Answers to Trivia accepted judicial clerkships for berg, 5th Cir.) 1. 1963. 1988-89: Stephen Ritchie '88 (Judge James 2. Construction in Space in the Third Buckley, nc. Cir.) and Fourth Dimension. ' United States Supreme Court Laura Shores 88 (Judge Robert 3. 18,000. ' Wendy Ackerman 8 7 (Justice Vance, 11 th Cir.) 4. Richard Milhous Nixon, ' Antonin Scalia) Andrew Spiropoulos 88 (Judge October 5, 1959. Lindley Brenza '87 (Chief Justice Danny Boggs, 6th Cir.) 5. Mortimer Adler became Associate ' William Rehnquist) Thomas Vita 88 (Judge Albert Professor of Philosophy in 1930. , 6th Richard Cordray 86 (Justice Engel, Cir.) 6. Phil Neal. The only one not a Christina Wells '88 Anthony Kennedy) (Judge graduate of the Law School. Lisa Heinzerling '87 (Justice Wil­ Lawrence Pierce, 2d Cir.) 7.555. Samuel Wilkins III ' 88 liam Brennan) (Judge 8. (a) 1927; (b) 1903; (c) 1973; Malamud ' 86 Frank Easterbrook, 7th Deborah (Justice Cir.) (d) 1981, as a seminar. David '88 Walter Harry Blackmun) Wolfsohn (Judge 9. Edward H. Levi, 48 years. Stapleton, 3rd Cir.) == 42 Director = 39, (Blum years, . United States Courts of Appeals Ari Zymelman '88 (Judge Frank 'Meltzer = 38.) 7th Samuel Ach '87 (Judge Harrison Easterbrook, Cir.) 10. Two: the line of eleven jets and a 4th Winter, Cir.) center single spray.

68 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Classes of 193� 194� 1954, 1959 196� 196� 197� 1979

Retur:n to those golden Years

May 10 AlumniAssoCiation AnnualDinner May 12-13-14 Reunion Weekend Alumni Notes

EVENTS The annual dinner was, as always, nine percent of the class were able to the first event of Reunion Weekend, attend. John Bowden, Ralph Manryn­ which this year celebrated the reunions band, Robert Morton, Richard Stiller­ Annual Dinner and of the classes of 1938, 1953, 1963, 1968, man, Merrill Freed, Robert Milnikel, Reunion Weekend 1973, and 1983. and Jean Allard helped to make the Because of their small number, the event a success. On Thursday, May 5, 1988, 600 grad­ class of 1938, under the leadership of uates and their guests gathered in the Irwin Askow and R.J. Stevens, limited Grand Ballroom of the Hilton Chicago their reunion to a private reception and Towers to the annual alumni enjoy preceding the Annual Dinner. A quar­ dinner and renew old friendships. Pre­ ter of the class met in the Joliet Room siding over the occasion was Howard of the Hilton Hotel for cocktails and R. of the Koven, JD '47, president hors d'oeuvres before joining the rest University of Chicago Law School of the alumni in the Grand Ballroom Alumni Association. After dinner, for dinner. Dean Geoffrey R. Stone, JD '71, gave On Friday, May 6, alumni had the the Dean's annual report on the state opportunity of attending afternoon of the Law School, then made way for classes at the Law School, followed by the speaker of the evening, Lloyd N. the traditional Friday afternoon Wine Cutler, a partner with the Washington, Mess. The classes of 1953 and 1983 Panelists Mary Becker, Paul Bator, firm of Cutler & Pick­ David and Cass Sunstein DC., Wilmer, enjoyed their own cocktail parties at Currie, ering and former Counsel to the Presi­ that time. John Bowden welcomed the dent. Mr. Cutler spoke on "The class of 1953 to his home while Todd " Forty-six graduates (40 percent) Modern Presidency. hosted the class of 1983 in the Young from the class of 1963 were present in party room of his Later that building. the Harold J Green Lounge for a din­ a of alumni evening, group forty-four ner celebrating their twenty-fifth anni­ and their guests attended the Second versary. Special thanks go to Sandy Sartre & City revue, "Jean-Paul Allison, Miriam Balanoff, Ronald Ringo." Cope, David Crabb, Marvin Gittler, events kicked off a Saturday's with Arthur Matthews, Marc McSweeney, tour of the the old campus including William O'Keefe, Russell Pelton, Law School This was fol­ building. Charles Staley, Jack Wentz, Gary lowed at 10: 30 a discus­ by lively panel Bengtson, Gene Godley, George Lieb­ sion on and the First "Pornography mann, Michael Marks, Robert Amendment" with Professors Paul Stevens, andJack Greene for their help Bator, Mary Becker (JD '80), David in organizing the weekend. Currie, and Cass Sunstein. The audi­ Hyde Park was a popular place for ence would have continued probably reunion dinners this year. The Class of but for asking questions indefinitely, 1968 gathered at Larry Bloom's house the need to to the Harold adjourn J and enjoyed dinner out of doors. Fire­ Green where Dean Stone and Lounge flies gave the garden a romantic glow. members of the faculty welcomed Thirty-two graduates attended the alumni to a and luncheon. Lloyd Cutler reception event. Richard Badger, Gordon Berry, After students from the lunch, classes Celeste Hammond, Ann Lousin, Lee of 1988, and 1990 1989, presented Mitchell, Arthur Friedman, James from the 1988 student musi­ vignettes Mann, Douglas Fuson, Danny Boggs, The alumni of the Law School took cal "Will of Fortune." Later in the DarrellJohnson, and Dennis Sabbath this occasion to honor two loved and afternoon, Law Librarian Judith deserve thanks for their Walter organizing respected faculty members, J. Wright welcomed alumni to the skills. Blum, JD '41, and Spencer L. Kim­ D' Law for Angelo Library champagne The Class of 1973 chose the Quad­ ball, both of whom attained emeritus and tours of the guided library. rangle Club as the venue for their status on October 1, 1988. Rex E. Lee, All five classes enjoyed reunion din­ reunion dinner. of the D ' Twenty percent J 63, spoke in praise of Mr. Kim­ ners on The class of Saturday evening. class attended. Roger Brice, Ellen ball and Howard C. Krane, '57, 1953 met at Allard's JD Jean penthouse Newcomer, Gerald Saltarelli, Marc honored Mr. Blum (see the Lake page-for overlooking Michigan. Twenty- Seidler, Ronald Peterson, Leland Hut­ speeches in full). chinson, Donald McDougall, Daniel Pinkert, Marland Webb, David Ach-

70 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD ten berg, Jerold Goldberg, Douglas are soon well known! this year. Alumni were invited to meet ' and On in a lecture entitled with Dean D. 71 Kraus, John Phillips, Henry May 17, Geoffrey Stone, J. , Mohrman helped to make the weekend "The Fourth Commandment and the and hear his report on the current state a success. First Amendment: A Worthy Tradi­ of the Law School and plans for the The only dinner held outside Hyde tion by Harry Kalven, Jr.," Jamie future. Staying on the West Coast, Park took place at Salvatore's where Kalven described to a large audience Dean Stone traveled down to Los the Class of 1983 dined and danced till how he had taken on the massive task Angeles for a luncheon on January 28 the small hours. Denise Caplan, of editing and completing the manu­ with alumni from the Los Angeles Pamela Meyerson, Barbara Miller, script his father had been working on area. Neal Millard, J.D. '72, hosted Gretchen Winter, and Todd Young at his untimely death in 1974. (See the luncheon in the conference room of deserve the credit for organizing the Spring 1988 issue of The Law School his firm, Jones, Day, Reavis & Pogue. Law School's first five-year reunion. Record, pages 4-11, for excerpts from A Joel Bernstein, J.D. '69, president of Worthy Tradition: Freedom of Speech in the Los Angeles chapter, introduced Mr. Kalven's often moving Dean Stone, who about the Law Luncheons )4merica.) spoke Loop talk was followed by a lively question School. and answer session. In April, Dean Stone traveled south The Loop Luncheon series continue to The 1987 -88 season of Loop and west to meet with alumni. He be very popular with alumni from the Luncheons came to a close on June 2 spoke at a luncheon in Houston on Chicago area. The Winter series with an address by Bernard D. Melt­ April 18, attended by about 30 percent began on January 21 in front of a sell­ zer, Distinguished Service Professor of alumni from the area. Mont Hoyt, out crowd. Scott F. Turow, a partner at Emeritus of Law, entitled "A Baseball '68, of the Houston Sonnenschein Carlin Nath & Rosen­ J.D. president Umpire's Career," which dealt with chapter, introduced Dean Stone. The thal, gave a witty and interesting talk the problems of baseball arbitration. next day, Dean Stone was in Dallas for on "How I Became a Best Selling Nov­ Before the talk began, a member of the a luncheon hosted Donohoe, elist." Mr. Turow is the author of One L by James audience suggested that as the topic J.D. '62, president of the Dallas chap­ and Presumed Innocent. A lively question was baseball, popcorn seemed appro­ ter, before flying on to Denver on and answer session followed the talk. priate. Supplies of popcorn were rap­ April 20 to meet alumni at a luncheon On February 23, Norman Nach­ idly brought in and were a great hit. in the offices of Sherman & Howard man, J.D. '32, a partner at Winston The Loop Luncheons are sponsored (kindly made available by James and Strawn, spoke to a large audience by the Chicago Chapter of the Law Hautzinger, J.D. '61). Edward Roche, on several in the area of bank­ topics ' School Alumni Association and are J. D. 76, president of the Denver chap­ ruptcy, under the general heading of held in the Board of Trustees' Room at ter, organized the event and intro­ "A Such a Bankruptcy Potpourri." One First National Plaza, Suite 2716. duced Dean Stone. wide field took time to cover and the Alan Orschel (J.D. '64) is chair of the Graduates on the East Coast had the interested audience lingered at the end organizing committee. If you would opportunity to hear Dean Stone speak to ask questions. like more information about the lunch­ later in the Spring. David Tatel, Allan Bloom, Professor of the Com­ ' eons or are interested in volunteering J. D. 66, made available the conference mittee on Social Thought and the Col­ your services to the Loop Luncheon room of his firm, Hogan & Hartson, lege at the University of Chicago and Committee, please contact Assistant in Washington, D. C. for a luncheon on author of the best-selling and contro­ Dean Holly Davis (3121702-9628). May 23. Michael Nussbaum, J.D. '61, versial book The Closing of the American president of the Washington chapter, Mind, gave a talk on "Liberal Educa­ introduced Dean Stone, who spoke to tion and Its Critics" on March 4. Mr. Alumnae/Student Luncheon a full house on "The Responsibilities Bloom, who favors a more tra­ strongly of a Free Press." New York ' OnJune 7, ditional to struck Carol Braun, 72, Assist­ approach education, Moseley J.D. heard about the latest the Illinois graduates hap­ a chord of sympathy with many mem­ ant Majority Leader of penings at the Law School when Dean bers of the audience. State House of Representatives and Stone spoke at a luncheon organized The Spring series began on April 5 candidate for Cook County Recorder by Douglas Kraus, J.D. '73, president with a scintillating talk by Dr. Morti­ of Deeds, spoke on "Women in Poli­ of the New York chapter, at his firm, mer Adler on "The Ninth Amend­ tics: Local, State and National" on Skadden Arps Slate Meagher & Flom. ment," in front of a large and fasci­ April 8 at the annual Alumnae/ nated audience. Student Luncheon. This event pro­ Judge A�n C. Williams, of the U.S. vides an opportunity for alumnae to FacuIty Talk District Court for the Northern Dis­ meet women currently attending the trict of Illinois, gave a talk entitled Law School and to renew friendships Alumni gathered in Miami on Janu­ "Lawyer Credibility in Litigation" on with other alumnae. ary 8 for a luncheon and to hear Assist­ April 28. Judge Williams discussed the ant Professor Larry Kramer, J.D. '84, courtroom experience from the judge's speak about "New Wave Scholarship." Dean Stone Meets Alumni ' perspective and gave some points on Paul Stokes, J. D. 71, of the Miami how lawyers can help judges to do the Chapter organized the event. of best possible job. She reminded the Roland Brandel, J.D. '66, president the San Francisco was the audience that judges talk among them­ chapter, selves and that uncooperative lawyers organizer of a luncheon on January 26

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 71 Class Notes Section – REDACTED for issues of privacy

AALS Reception Fried Receives Citation Graduates and friends of the Law School in teaching were invited to join Herbert Fried, J.D. 1932, received the Dean Geoffrey R. Stone, J.D. '71 and University of Chicago's Public Service other members of the faculty attending Citation at the reunion the Association of American Law University's weekend, June 4, 1988. The citation is Schools Meeting in Miami at a recep­ awarded to those wh,o have fulfilled the tion on January 9. Professors Walter ' obligations of their education through J. Blum, J. D. 41, Gary Palm, J. D. creative citizenship and leadership in '67, and Larry Kramer, J.D. '84, were voluntary service. present, as were Professors Judith After retiring as Chairman of the Resnik and Dennis Curtis, who are Board of Charles Levy Circulating visiting professors at the Law School Company, Mr. Fried took on a new this quarter. career of service to the Law School. He first worked in the Mandel Legal Aid CLA&j NOTES Clinic and then became Director of sentative on the Alumni Executive Placement. He created and main­ Council. tained the placement office as a sepa­ Mr. Fried directed the Chicago Bar Morton John Barnard was rate activity, bringing it into the Association's pro bono recruitment '2 7 honored by the Illinois State twentieth century with the installation program for three years, during which Bar Association on June 24, when he of a computer system. He spent count­ time he increased the number of law­ received its Board of Governors less hours advising students and grad­ yers serving the indigent from a few Award. This award recognizes lawyers uates of the Law School on their career hundred to more than one thousand. and non-lawyers for exemplary service choices. He has been president of the Most recently, he has helped the Viet­ or meritorious deeds that significantly Law School's National Alumni Associ­ namese community to start up small advance the administration of justice ation and a member of the Capital businesses and continues to head the or the goals of the profession or the Campaign Planning Committee. He Bar Association's special career coun­ association. also serves as the Law School's repre- seling program.

Since 1969, William Dan- '33 forth has been summarizing Mr. Graham has a role the Pacific and with the significant opinions of the Minne­ played major twelve long years in as a of in she is an sota Supreme Court and Court of establishing Chicago city Congress, all-star, super international culture and commerce. candidate. Appeals for publication in The Bench & qualified Anyone wishing to contribute to her can Bar ojMinnesota. Although it consumes campaign Schwartz, who is a reach her at P.o. Box Hono­ most of his weekends, he performs the John 31245, '50 court for HI 96820. arduous task of reading all the opin­ bankruptcy judge lulu, the Northern District of Illinois, has While we're out on the I ions of the previous week and summa­ Pacific, written a supplement to his on received a nice note from Minoru Shi­ rizing about half of them as a labor of chapter of the Estate," as of the with a He is now retired love and service to his fellow lawyers. "Property part bata, picture. 1987 to the 1985 edition of and is the adviser to Food Ser­ Subscribers to Bench & Bar eagerly Supplement Japan's the IICLE Handbook of vice in Narito. That's turn to the Judicial Law column to Bankruptcy Company, Ltd., Practice. where the new International make sure they have not missed any­ Tokyo is located. His thing in their own reading of opinions. Airport wife, Shigeko, J1 Class Correspondent: Charles operates the Japanese Music School of '5 -I Russ, 1820 West 91 st which focuses on the Kenneth Prince was the mod- Place, koto, Japanese Kansas City, MO 64114. heard several '34 erator at a seminar in June on harp. (I've performances Mink is now for Enhancing the Effectiveness of the Patsy running on this instrument, which is quite of Honolulu. She's been the He his son Ben is asso­ Business Attorney-Adviser, sponsored Mayor beautiful.) says chair of the Honolulu Council ciated with Kawasaki by the Illinois Institute for Continuing City Heavy Industry and in that reconstruct Legal Education. capacity helped Company Ltd. as an aircraft manufac­ the sewer tunnel underneath the city, turing engineer. The question is, can a and lots The 1988 Gold Medal of the pushed big housing project we get a discount on a motorcycle, of other Her bro­ '36 International Visitors Center things. campaign Minoru? To keep even more busy, he's chure is in color and it looks of the Narita Unesco Associ­ of Chicago has been awarded to Wil­ living secretary I she sends all of ation and is a member of the liam Graham for his contribution to spectacular. hope you Rotary a of it. As the author of the US. world culture. As Senior Chairman of copy Club there. (Rotary is something we House Resolution that called for the Baxter Travenol Inc. share in common.) He's been to the Laboratories, , halt of testing the hydrogen bomb in

72 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD Krane Is New University of Chicago Trustee

Howard G. Krane, JD. '57, a partner in the Chicago law firm of Kirkland and Ellis, has been elected to the Board of Trustees of the Pniversity of Chi­ cago. Mr. Krane is aLecturer in Law and a regular participant in the Law School's annual Tax Conference. He

also served as chair of the recent Law School Capital Campaign. Mr. Krane is a consultant to the American Law Graduation 1988: Richard Institute's continuing Income Tax Pro­ Komyatte '62 and Paul ject and is a member of two of its sub- '88 Komyatte sections. Other University Trustees who are Law School graduates include Norton Class Correspondent: Robert , Clapp, JD. 29,James H. Evans, JD. H. Levi, JD. '35, Robert G. Schloerb, 163 Leone, Inland Steel Indus­ '48, William B. Graham, JD. '36, JD. '51, and Bernard Weissbourd, tries, Inc., 30 W. Monroe Street, Chi­ Elmer W. Johnson, J D. '57, Edward JD. '48. cago, IL 60603. Barry Fink is pleased to announce that he is one of the founding partners of Christensen, White, Miller, Fink & Our Political Classmates: Carol Silver And a Word about our Spouses: Ed Jacobs, with offices at 2121 Avenue of is running for her fourth term to the Kitch reports that Alison (J D. Vir­ the Stars, Los Angeles 90067. San Francisco Board of Supervisors, ginia, 1986) is an associate at the having started her first term more than Charlottesville firm of Michie, a decade ago. Carol is also the presi­ Hamlett, Donato and Lowry. Warren dent of the Golden Gate Bridge and a Lehman's wife of thirty-five years, founder of the Chinese American Mary Wooster, died in spring, 1987. International School in San Francisco. Warren married Patricia Andrews in Our Professorial 7jpes: Fred Schneider August this year and is taking leave was honored by the graduating class of from the University of Wisconsin dur­ Chase College of Law by receiving the ing the 1988-89 academic year to be Lukowsky Award as the Outstanding the Scholar in Residence at Washing­ Law Professor and Dave Paulsen was ton & Lee University. selected the Outstanding Teacher in Isn't it a Coincidence? Steve Slavin's the Philosophy Department in both daughter, Joan, and Mitch Shapiro's Graduation 1988: John Vrdolyak, 1987 and 1988 at Brigham Young Uni­ son, Greg, are both entering the Har­ Class of '89, Edward Vrdolyak '63, versity in Provo, Utah. vard Law School this fall. and Peter Vrdolyak '88 The Idyllic Life: Ken Rekow lives on a It Won)t Fit Anywhere Else: Curt farm on Bainbridge Island in Puget Turner was promoted to Vice Presi­ Sound, develops real estate as a hobby, dent at Federal Reserve Bank of Bos- and travels to his labor and employ­ .ton last year. Jack Daniels left a large Class Correspondent: Alan ment law practice in Seattle on a firm and started the firm of Sanchez & 164 Orschel, 111 W. Monroe Washington State ferry. Daniels, now five lawyers, and is Street, Suite 2200E, Chicago, Illinois Also on the J1'-est Coast: Ed Burgh engaged in civil trial practice in Chi­ 60603. moved from Chicago to the Los cago. His daughter, Beth, graduated Report from the Judiciary: Fred Henzi Angeles area to open a firm to provide from Northwestern in 1987. Steve fin­ continues in his fourteenth year on the tax and operational consulting to the ished his masters in journalism at bench-hearing law jury cases in insurance industry. He will shortly be Medill in the summer of 1988 and DuPage County, Illinois. He recently licensed as a C.P.A. in California and Jack's younger daughter, Becca, just returned from a trip to Hong Kong. he continues to speak at seminars on completed her freshman year at the Gerald Cohn completes his seventh tax issues. Marty Sherman completed University of Michigan in theater. Lil­ year as the U. S. magistrate for the his first year as corporate counsel of lian Kraemer continues to head the Southern District of Illinois. Fred Amgen, Inc. in Thousand Oaks, Cali­ Bankruptcy/Workout Department at Breen was recently elected as a District fornia. Amgen is a premier biotechno­ Simpson Thatcher & Bartlett and trav­ Associate Judge in Webster County, logy company. eled to eastern Europe this past spring Iowa.

76 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD years! Brenda Swierenga has moved to Patner Publishes Chicago's Sonnenschein, Carlin, Nath & Rosenthal. A ndrew Patner, J. n '88, did not grad­ Our very own Myron Orfield is cited uate until the summer this quarter repeatedly by Michigan criminal law year, not because he was an idle stu­ guru Yale Kamisar in the latter's dent, but because a national tour last recent piece on the Exclusionary Rule. spring to promote his newly-published Seems the two have been correspond­ book ate into his time. Patner's study ing. Myron's interviews with the Chi­ book, 1. F Stone: a Portrait, published by cago narcotics squad, documented in Pantheon Books last records February, his comment "The Exclusionary Rule the life and career of the radical, anti­ and Deterrence: An Empirical Study establishment best known journalist, of Chicago Narcotics Officers," 54 U. for "I.F. Stone's a Weekly", newspa­ Chi. L. Rev. 1016 (1987), have also per he published and edited from the been referred to in the Washington Post fifties until 1971. The book is a distilla­ and Newsweek. tion of interviews Patner had with After Judge McGowan passed away Stone in 1984 and 1987. in December, Brad Campbell worked Patner began his undergraduate with some of the other judges on the education at the University of Chicago DC. Court of Appeals and then joined where he was editor-in-chief of the the chambers of District Court Judge Maroon. He broke off his studies to on his for the next or join ing writing year Thomas A. Flannery (who tried the as editor, the so but to do some Chicago Magazine political hopes part-time Lyn Nofziger case). Brad will be with editor ever the constitutional law youngest employed by teaching, preferably Rogovin, Huge, and Schiller in D. C. magazine. H� finished his B.A. in his­ at an level. He is also undergraduate (after a sail?) this fall. at the of Wisconsin at law for a not-for­ tory University considering practice After rowing with the Ann Arbor Madison. The book on I. F. Stone grew profit institution. "I have been always Rowing Club and relaxing on Cape out of research for a in Patner's interested in law paper practice, writing, and Cod, TomJacobs will do telecommuni­ senior Patner is he "I'm now year. already working teaching," says. just try­ cations work in the Chicago office of on his next book on Black and His­ to work out whether I can do them ing and " Skadden, Arps. Cathy Torgerson panic politics. He will be concentrat- all at once or in succession. Bruce Herzfelder will join Liz Schriever at Davis, Polk & Wardwell in New York. Ruth Ernst (who has truly been lotoski, and the Kaufmans-Dan and after clerking in Detroit for Judge traveling the 6th Circuit with Judge Anry Rosenfeld-K ... Shy Perry Jack Julian Cook and teaching constitu­ Boggs) will litigate for Ross, Dixon & Scluoachman, who asked not to be tionallaw at the University of Detroit. Mashback in D. C. Joel Levitin will named here, enjoying the good life at stay in Philly and join Sue Oppen­ Lord Bissell & Brook ... Vacations you Class Correspondent: Stepha- heimer at Dechert, Price & Rhoads. wish went on: you Larry Hui and Fred 18 7 nie Leider, Butler, Rubin, Rob Ryland will move to D. c. to work Ansell toured Europe together after Newcomer, Saltarelli & Boyd, Three for the Washington office of Kirkland their respective clerkships ended First National Plaza, Suite 1505, Chi­ & Ellis. Diane Klotnia will begin ... Mike Rissman in DC. with Wilmer cago, 1L 60602. clerking for Third Circuit Judge Max

Cutter... David Blake and his lovely Chicago's Santa Fe Bar & Grill was Rosenn. wife Stephanie are the proud (and the site of an impromptu reunion FYI: David Lyon's The Runaway recent) parents of Hanna, a bouncing when Eric Altholz, Mary McQuillen, Duck is now available in paperback; he baby girl not named after Hanna and Mo Sheehy came to town and met did the writing and illustrations. Holborn Gray, but rather a Houston up with Steve Tantillo. Rich Nikchevich and Ann Johnston sportscaster. .. Tracy Klestadt is Peggy Harari balances spurts of were married in Evanston on March married. at intense work Gibson, Dunn & Crut­ 12. Oscar David and Larry Hsieh were cher in L.A. with spurts of serious groomsmen, and Steve Tantillo pro­ ******************************* play. (She was off to Scandinavia or the vided a reading. U.S.S.R. this summer.) Peggy sees the Julia Henick attended the garden Bruce Melton and Kevin O'Brien Chicago crew often-and regularly wedding of Cindy Zimmerman and have both joined the firm of Butler, bumps into Matt Moak at 7 :03 p.m. in Mark Dubin (M.D. '88) in Los Rubin, Newcomer, Saltarelli & Boyd the parking garage. Angeles over Memorial Day weekend. in Chicago. Cathy Forest was promoted months Sam Ach married Cathy Zinke on Mark Kende has firm joined the of ago to the position of Supervisor in the June 11 in a beautiful courtyard over- Davis Barnhill & Galland in Chicago Appellate Section of the Illinois State's Attorney Office; she's made quite a few appellate arguments already, put­ ting one defendant away for over 85

VOLUME 34/FALL 1988 89 looking the Hudson River in Tarry­ town, N.Y., with half of Amherst College's alumni (including Brad Campbell and groomsman Rob Spen­ cer) looking on. After honeymooning in Barbados, fishing in Canada, and a little work in Chicago, Sam has begun clerking for Fourth Circuit Judge Harrison L. Winter in Baltimore. Erica Landsberg married Larry Lawrence in June on Long Island. Erica recently "reuned" in Greektown with the Mandel Clinic crew, includ­ ing Mike Alter, Steve Reiches, Ira Belcooe, andJim Kole (who has joined Sidley & Austin after clerking for for­ mer Judge Getzendammer and a state Sam Ach '87 married Cathy Zinke on June 11. Behind bride and groom, I. to court judge). r.: Rob Spencer '87, Becky Owen '87, '87, Mike De Weirdt Keungsuk Kim, Scott Wallace Cathy Torgerson MBA '86, Stephanie Leider '87, Michael Faber '87, Brad Campbell '87, (J.D/M.B.A. '88), Carolyn Schurr, Joan Shifrin (Michael's wife), Mike Donohoe '87 Rose Burke, and Mike Salmanson (' 86) attended the Long Island wedding of Kern Appel and Steve Siegel on clerkship, although Baton Rouge "is various Fifth Circuit types in New June 12. economically depressed right now, as Orleans: Tom Berg, Robert Shapiro Belated news: Jenny and Greg Gar­ its three largest employers are state (who is off to Akin, Gump's DC. ner were married in Denver in sum­ government, Exxon andJimmy Swag­ office), Eric Webber (who is leaving his mer 1987, after the bar. gert-all of which are in trouble finan­ classy pad in the French Quarter to Lots of babies! Stacy Powell­ cially or otherwise." Tom has toured start at Munger, Tolles & Olson in Bennett gave birth to Joshua Mathew. the south, including a souvenir­ L.A.), TedJanger(who will await "the Andi Paley writes that Amy and Tom collecting pilgrimage to Graceland. final quack of the lame duck" at Spence welcomed Kenneth Alexander, Tom joined Mayer, Brown & Platt in Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering in DC.), a "brand-new deduction on tax day" Chicago this fall. and James Brock (,86). She also ran into the world on April 15. Steve Tan­ AmyKossow took the Maryland Bar into Ed Fuhr during her Louisiana tillo will be long distance godfather to with Stuart Feldstein and Robert Sha­ travels. Maureen will return to Chi­ the small Spence. In June, Kris and piro and is now happily pursuing a cago and join Kirkland & Ellis. Brian Duwe had a baby boy. And on masters in theater (acting) at Catholic I am now back in Chicago after an June 21, Katherine Elizabeth made University. She teaches street law to indescribable year in Michigan. (It's a Elizabeth and David Haselkorn happy inner-city DC. high school kids on the novel waiting to happen.) A special parents. side. thanks to those of you who filled my Tom Berg says that he enjoyed his Maureen Kane has caroused with mailbox. Please continue to send me your news!

DEATHS

The Law School Record notes with sorrow the deaths of:

1949 1970 Irving Liberman Francis E. Vergata October 29, 1987 June 24, 1988

1952 Faculty LowellJacobson James E. Beardsley January 12, 1988 Associate Professor of Law, 1974-76 1988 1955 June 10, Stanley A. Durka July 9, 1988

90 THE LAW SCHOOL RECORD