Personal Scripture Study of Prospective Missionaries
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Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 2006-07-19 Personal Scripture Study of Prospective Missionaries Eric Lyon Wing Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the History of Christianity Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Wing, Eric Lyon, "Personal Scripture Study of Prospective Missionaries" (2006). Theses and Dissertations. 507. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/507 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. PERSONAL SCRIPTURE STUDY OF PROSPECTIVE MISSIONARIES by Eric L. Wing A thesis submitted to the faculty of Brigham Young University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Religious Education Brigham Young University August 2006 Copyright © 2006 Eric L. Wing All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT PERSONAL SCRIPTURE STUDY OF PROSPECTIVE MISSIONARIES Eric L. Wing Religious Education Master of Arts The call of Church leaders to “raise the bar” placed direct attention on the preparation of future missionaries. Also, the new Preach My Gospel missionary guide emphasized effective personal scripture study in order for missionaries to fulfill their purposes of teaching by the Spirit and inviting others to come unto Christ. Thus, “raising the bar” and Preach My Gospel together created an important focus on the personal scripture study of prospective missionaries. However, available social research offered little indication of the state of scripture study among future missionaries. Consequently, this study maintained an exploratory design and utilized qualitative research methods to discover the nature of personal scripture study among prospective missionaries. The aim of this study was to find descriptive data that would be useful to parents, trainers, leaders, and future researchers in helping prospective missionaries to improve their personal scripture study. From February to April 2006, six respondents participated in repeated interviews and eleven others informed two focus groups. This study reported results and conclusions with rich description—involving ample use of evidence and quotations from the narrative data. Findings of this study include the following: They all knew scripture study was the right thing to do. None of them studied well while in high school. They all had improved their scripture study during the year prior to their mission. Their upcoming missions served as a prime motive for wanting to improve their scripture study. They all had experienced blessings from scripture study. Reading the scriptures out of obligation or for an extrinsic reward is less-effective scripture study. Particular methods and factors produced meaningful results. Primarily, this research found that personal agency, a structured routine, and knowledge of why and how to study the scriptures were vital to effective scripture study. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am very grateful to Dean Garrett, Richard Draper, and David Williams. All three brought significant competence to this research, and each made personal sacrifices to serve on the thesis committee. I also wish to thank Chelsea Smith and Cara Wiley for being “the best research assistants ever.” Special appreciation goes to Ken Plummer and Rich McClendon who offered considerable help and timely advice at the outset of this study. Finally, I express gratitude for my parents, George and Gayle Wing, who have always instilled in me a desire and confidence to do great things. CONTENTS Chapter 1. INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………. 1 Statement of Problem……………………………………………. 1 Divine Authorship……………………………………………….. 4 The Role of the Holy Spirit………………………………….…... 6 The Power of the Word………………………………………….. 9 Effective Scripture Study………………………………………... 14 Summary...……………………………………………………….. 19 2. REVIEW OF LITERATURE………………………………………… 20 3. METHODOLOGY…………………………………………………… 27 Explanation of Qualitative Research…………………………….. 28 Description of Researchers………………………………………. 30 Credibility, Dependability, Confirmability, and Transferability…. 31 Approvals………………………………………………………… 35 Recruitment and Description of Participants…………………….. 36 Pilot Interviews…………………………………………………... 38 The Initial Interview……………………………………………... 39 The Follow-up Interviews………………………………………... 42 The Focus Groups………………………………………………... 44 President Hinckley’s Challenge………………………………….. 45 Data Analysis…………………………………………………….. 46 Reporting Results and Findings………………………………….. 48 4. RESULTS…………………………………………………………….. 50 Interview Participants…………………………………………….. 51 Todd’s Story……………………………………………………… 52 Jeff’s Story………………………………………………………... 66 Brief Descriptions of Three Other Interview Participants………... 80 Focus Groups……………………………………………………... 84 Focus Group A……………………………………………………. 85 5. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS……………………………. 100 Conclusions……………………………………………………….. 101 Implications……………………………………………………….. 133 viii Appendix A. IRB Approval Letter………………………………………….. 138 B. CES Approval Letter…………………………………………. 139 C. Recruitment Survey………………………...………………… 140 D. Interview Consent Form……………………………………… 141 E. Focus Group Consent Form…………………………………... 142 F. Interview Guide for the First Interview………………………. 143 G. Interview Guide for the Second Interview……………………. 145 H. Interview Guide for the Third Interview……………………… 146 I. Interview Guide for the Focus Groups………………………... 147 J. Focus Group B Transcript…………………………………….. 148 K. Categories and Terms for Units of Data………………………. 158 WORKS CITED………………………………………………………………. 162 ix CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The Lord revealed to Hyrum Smith, “It is I that speak; behold I am the light which shineth in darkness, and by my power I give these words unto thee” (Doctrine and Covenants 11:11). Hyrum was apparently anxious to be called to preach, but was told to “wait a little longer” (11:16). Instead, God instructed him to “first seek to obtain my word” (11:21). Subsequently, this acquirement would lead to having the Lord’s Spirit and His word—“the power of God unto the convincing of men” (11:21). Furthermore, Hyrum received counsel to study both the Bible and the forthcoming Book of Mormon (see 11:22). This revelation teaches that both scripture and effective scripture study are prerequisites for successful missionary work. Statement of Problem A Latter-day Saint missionary’s purpose is to “represent Jesus Christ” in finding, teaching, and inviting people to “come unto Jesus Christ and become converted to His restored gospel.”1 Personal scripture study has a direct impact on a missionary’s ability to fulfill this purpose. Individual gospel study is not only an established portion of a missionary’s daily schedule, but it is also designed “to strengthen [the missionary’s] knowledge and testimony and help [the missionary] prepare to meet the needs of those 1 Preach My Gospel (Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 2004), 2, 6, 10; hereafter cited as Preach My Gospel. 1 [he or she] teach[es].”2 The Preach My Gospel missionary guide emphasizes personal scripture study and the need to do it effectively. This manual explains, “It is more important for [missionaries] to have meaningful learning experiences on [their] own” than through structured programs.3 Clearly, the individual aspect of gospel study is fundamental to valuable missionary service. Preach My Gospel also states, “Many missionaries struggle to know how to study effectively.”4 Additionally, research suggests that personal scripture study is neither frequent nor meaningful among most Latter-day Saints.5 Furthermore, Elder Henry B. Eyring instructed religious educators about the need for effective prayer and scripture study among their students. He said, “If you can learn more of what they are doing, you will find that they are not doing it the way that works.”6 The aim of this study is to do precisely as Elder Eyring counseled: “learn more of what they are doing”—specifically, how prospective missionaries personally study the scriptures. This research investigates the needed factors of desire and action regarding scripture study.7 Specific research about missionaries’ background with the scriptures prior to entering the MTC, including their study habits and the quality of their studies, will provide a more complete understanding necessary in helping them study effectively. This research is most valuable among the pre-mission population because the basic concept behind “raising the bar” deals with what is taking place before the Missionary Training Center (hereafter referred to as MTC). Over three years ago, Elder 2 Preach My Gospel, viii. 3 Preach My Gospel, 17. 4 Preach My Gospel, 17. 5 See Chapter 2, “Review of Literature,” for an explanation on LDS scripture study habits. 6 Henry B. Eyring, “‘And Thus We See’: Helping a Student in a Moment of Doubt,” in Charge to Religious Educators, 3rd edition, (Salt Lake City: The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1994), 109. 7 Preach My Gospel notes, “Successful gospel study requires desire and action” (18). 2 M. Russell Ballard announced, “The bar that is the standard for missionary service is being raised.” However, the vast majority of his talk was not directed to current missionaries. He declared, “Tonight we call upon you, our young brethren of the Aaronic Priesthood, to rise up, to measure up, and to be fully prepared to serve the