UNIT 17 SPORTS FEATURES: SELECTION OF TOPIC AND PRESENTATION OF MATERIAL
Structure
Aims Introduction What is a Sports Feature? Types of Sports Features 17.3.1 Sports-Based 17.3.2 Sportsman-Based 17.3.3 Sporting Events 17.3.4 Other Sports Features Selection of Topic 17.4.1 Interest and Expertise 17.4.2 Policy of Publication 17.4.3 Relevance of Topic Collection of Material 17.5.1 Research into Topic 17.5.2 Collection of Data 17.5.3 Photographs 17.5.4 Interviews 17.5.5 Other Sources Editing and Organisation of Material Writing the Feature 17.7.1 Beginning 17.7.2 Middle 17.7.3 End 17.7.4 Language and Style Summing up Aids to Activities
17.0 AIMS
In this course I will introduce you to writing sports features. The various types of sports features, the selection of topics and rresentation of material will be the subject of this unit. At the end of this unit you will be able to List the various kinds of sports features appearing in the print media Select appropriate topics to write on then Collect relevant materials, and Write out a feature that is well-researched and stylistically appropriate.
17.1 INTRODUCTION
Sports features appear in newspapers, general magazines (e.g: India Today, Sunday), sports magazines (e.g. Sportsworld, Sportstar) and the electronic media. A particular medium has its own specifications and problems. For example, a sports feature in a newspaper is generally topical and provides up-to-date information. A newspaper sports feature will not, however, have the same immediacy as a live programme on television. Magazines devoted exclusively to sports have to decide on the type of sports features to be included in a particular issue. Sports features are a highly, specialized form of writing. We will introduce you hen5 to some of the qualities of a sports feature and the manner in which it is put together. Writing on Special Themes11 17.2 WHAT IS A SPORTS FEATURE ?
A sports feature is an article or television/video presentation that deals with a particular sport, a match or tournament, a sports personality, outstandihg achievements and records, and sporting trivia. A sports feature concentrates on one or more of the aspects mentioned. For example, a sports feature could deal with a test match between India and Pakistan, World Cup Football, Wimbledon, Sunil Gavaskar or Steffi Graff and trivia about a game or a personality. A sports feature presents information, news and analyses of sporting events and the personalities who make these events happen.
Activity 1 What do you understand by the term "sports feature"? (50 words)
17.3 TYPES OF SPORTS FEATURES
In a newspaper or a magazine these are various types of sports features published in a particular issue. Sports feature can be sports-based, sportsman-based or based on sporting events. These are the focii of most sports features Occasionally sports features deal with sporting history, trivia, records and the problems involved in learning a particular game. Let us look at the various types of sports features in greater detail.
17.3.1 Sports-Based
A sports feature could deal with a particular sport such as cricket, football, chess or tennis. A sports-based feature deals with various aspects of the particular sport. A newspaper normally covers latest reports on matches and tournaments in progress. During the Gary Kasparov-Anatony Karpov clash for determining the world Chess Champion, newspapers carried daily reports on the matches. For example on 1 December 1990, the Times of India carried a feature on the 15th game between the two contenders. This feature deals with a match and the moves made during the game. Similarly cricket, tennis or hockey matches are covered in sports based features.
Sports-based features concentrate not only on tournaments, but on problems and controversies in a sport as well. The May 15, 1990 issue of India Today has a sports feature on the problem of coaching and selection of players in Indian hockey. The feature deals with the problem of administrative incompetence, political interference and the pathetic state of Indian hockey. It is an analytical sports-based feature. The same issue has a feature on the vagaries of selection to the Indian cricket team. This feature analyses a vital aspect of cricket: who are'the people who select our national players and how competent are they?,
A sports-based feature presents direct reports regarding a game, an analysis of a particular match or an insight into problems besetting the game in a particular country. . Activity 2 Imagine yourself as the sports correspondent of your locality city area. How would you write out a sports feature of a cricket or football match? (50 words) 17.3.2 Sportsman-Based Sports Features : Selection of Topic and Presentation Sports features can focus exclusively on a sportsperson. Such features deal with sport people of Material who are outstanding in their respective games. Features on Steff~Graff, V. Anand, Limba Ram, Maradonna, Gary Lineker. Mike Atherton or Ivan Lend1 focus on the sporting genius of these people. A sportsman-based feature is generally in the form of a profile.
Activity 3 Write a profile on any one of the following sports persons a) Milkha Singh b) T.C. Yohanan C)Vishwanathan Anand d) Limba Ram e) P. T. Usha f) Syed Modi. (10 sentences--outline only)
(Check your answer with the hints provided at the end of this unit.) 8- 17.3.3 Sporting Events Yet another type of sports feature that concentrates on a major sporting event is the sporting events feature. The Olympics, World Cup Football, the Asian Games, the Cricket World Cup, Wimbledon, Australian Open (or any Grand Slam) are some of rhe major sporting events covered in this category of sports feature. The Olympics, for example, are composed of numerous events. A feature on the Olympics would cover all the disciplines involved and provide details of competitions, personalities, and records in these disciplines. Each sporting event has its own ethos and traditions and features on such events highlight the uniqueness of the event. 17.3.4 Other Sports Features
Coaching classes
The major reason why players at the net don\ reach lobs is that they 1- -/( dont react fast enough \ to the baU.
If your opponent hits @ways easier to move lots of lobs, be forward for the volley, than to move backward for the overhead. your weight on the front of your feet, not I A-'C=5=r=1 reShng on your heels. I Writing on Special Themes-11 Apart from the categories mentioned, sports features can deal with sports history (for example, of the Ashes or the Olympics), with records (in the form of tables and statistics), with interesting but incidental details regarding sports persons and events. Sports features can be in the form of "coaching classe<'-for example, "Stan Smith's Tennis Class" features in Spsrtstar. Sports features can be in the form of quizzes and crosswords which highlight interesting facts regarding a sport and its history. QUIZ- QUESTIONS ANSWERS 1. Kennington oval has a permanent place in the history of football. 1. The first F.A. Cup final was Whxr9 played there (on March 16, 1872). rr 11J ' 2. Charlie Dumas. 2. Who was the first man to surpass 3. Queensland seven feet in the high jump? 4. In Europe the racing bicycle is 3. Don Bradman's highest score was known & a Vels.. Hence the 452 not out. Who were the name velodrome o~~onents?.. 5. John Peterson 6. George Leigh Mallory 4. Cycle tracks are called velodromes all over the world. 7. Gordon Pine (Great Britain) Why? 8. The greatest Nordic ski race of the world. 5. An American wrestler won a gold medal in the 1976 Olympics. Name him 6. Which famous mountainer said that he wanted to climb Everest simply 'because it is there? 7. Which long-distance runner-an Olympic favourite in the Fifties- was nicknamed 'Mr. Puff-Puff by foreign journalists? 8. What is the 'Vasa Lopp?
Perhaps the most immediate and spectacular type of sports feature is the one beamed live over television. Live transmission of major sports events captures the excitement and immediacy of the event. Sports features in the form of TVNideo programmes also convey the sense of excitement. "Sunil Gavaskar Presents" and "Sports Channels" are just two examples of the audio visual sports feature, where actual footage and analysis are combined.
17.4 SELECTION OF TOPIC
Sports features are not published in newspapers or magazines in a haphazard manner. Each feature has a particular logic to it and the selection of topic is the first step towards determining the type of feature that will be published. The selection of topic depends on several factors.
17.4.1 Interest and Expertise
A particular newspaper or magazine will publish only those sports features which it can research thoroughly and cover competently. The type of feature published will depend on the expertise available. For example, a publication with a specialized cricket feature writer, will not ask that writer to cover the Olympic games. A track-and-field specialist will not be asked to do a write up on formula one racing.
The interests of the readers determine the selection of topic. In India cricket, hockey, athletics or tennis are avidly followed, whereas baseball or figure skating are not. A publication would therefore, concentrate on the former sports.
The selection of topic depends on the interests of staff in a particular organisation. Interests Sports Features : Selection of can of course be expanded, but the quality and authenticity of features are very important. Topic and Presentation herefo fore even general magazines like India Today, will employ specialists to write sports of Material features. TV sports features such as "Sunil Gavaskar Presents" are based on the principle of interest and expertise. Gavaskar, being a cricketer himself, chose cricket as the subject for his progrdmme. His personal experience and knowledge and the expertise at his command made the feature a thoroughly exc~tingand rivetting feature.
17.4.2 Policy of Publication
The selection of a topic depends on the policy of publication of a newspaper or magazine. A newspaper or magazine devoted wholly to economics or business is unlikely to publish any sports features-for example, Business World. A magazine with a generalist outlook- India Today for example-presents features on significant sporting events (Asia'82, which featured as the cover story); on major Indian achievements in sport (Ind~a'striumph in the 1983 Prudential World Cup); on particular problems in Indian Sport ("Hockey: Crippling Crisis", May 15, 1990); and trends in a particular sport (Dennis Lillee's training programme at the MRF Pace Foundation, Feb, 15, 1991). The range of topics is large, but the policy seems to be to highlight significant sports developments/achievements.
Exclusive sports magazines such as Sportsworld and Sportstar contain sports features of all types mentioned in section 17.3. Uplike India Today their focus is not only on Indian Sport. The policy is to present as comprehensive a view of world sport as possible. Major daily newspapers, whether in English or in regional languages devote at least a page or two to sports. These features are generally sport and event-based and provide coverage for ongoing events-for example, a cricket test, or the Wimbledon matches, or the Olympic games. The focus once again, is on world sport.
17.4.3 Relevance of Topic For newspapers, relevance of the topic is important because they deal with immediate, recent, contemporary events and sports-people. A topic is relevant if it covers sporting events in the present, immediate future or immediate past. A sports feature in a newspaper detailing on event that took place long before publication would be redundant. At times major sports events take place simultaneously-for example, World Cup Football, Italia 90 and Wimbledon. At such junctures newspapers expand coverage to include as many contemporary events as possible. A sports magazine determines relevance by means of the periodicity of publication. A weekly sports magazine--e.g. Sportsworld-concentrates on significant sporting events and personalities of the week past. The 1982 Asiad would not, for example, be relevant'for a sports feature in the February 1991 issue of Sportsworld, whereas V. Anand's victory in the candidates match would be. A magazine devoted exclusively to one sport-for e.g.Tennis-would consider other sports irrelevant. While considering the question of relevance it is important to keep in mind that the time factor is not always the deciding factor. In a sports feature dealing with sports history 1 contemporaneity ceases to matter. For example an article, "The Wizard of the Dribble" (Sportsworld, 7-13 Feb. 1990) look\ back on Sir Stanley Mathews' career on his 75th birthday. The topic is relevant because it reminds most of us. who did not see Stanley Mathews in action. of a great football genius. - 17.5 COLLECTION OF MATERIAL
Having selected topic(s) for a sports feature it would be necessary to gather material which will form the substance of the feature. The collection of material involves certain procedures which we shall describe briefly.
17.5.1 Research into Topic
All types of sports features require research into the topic of the feature. A feature on a cricket test match, for example, would have details about the runs scored, outstanding batting and bowling performances. These details must be researched and authenticated for publication. A newspaper or a magazine has its correspondent on the scene who would have access to score sheets, records, statistics. Statistical analysis and comparison of records hishlight the prospects of various teams, and enrich the feature. Research is necessary for Writing on Special Themes-11 features that deal with sporting events or personalities of the past. For example "The Wizard of the Dribble" article would require a knowledge of Sir Stanley Mathews career and background. Certain sports such as chess or bridge have their own particular notation and jargon. The technicalities of each sport have to be mastered before a feature can be written. A feature on a sports personality-for example. "The incredible story of Limba Ram" (Sportsworld, 18-24 April, 1990)-would require research into the person's background, record, achievement and, in the case of Limba Ram, a special knowledge of archery. Research makes a feature authentic and reliable.
17.5.2 Collection of Data
Collection of data is an extension of research into the topic. Records and facts can be collected from standard.reference books. For example, cricket records and details are available in Wisden Cricket Monthly and in the Wisden Annual. Statisticians such as B.B. Mama can provide any statistical details on matches in which India was involved. A feature based on a sporting event-the Olympics. for example-would contain data on particular events, records. persolla1 landmarks. even scandals. Such data can be collected From the International Olympic Association press bureau or from the Olympic Association of a country. In certain cases, sports museums/institutes house archival material that may be valuable for a feature. The National Institute of Sports, Patiala has material on hockey and other sports which could be used for a feature. Collection of data is a vital task in the process of writing a sports feature.
17.5.3 Photographs
Along with facts and statistical data. photographs constitute a vital part of a sports feature. There is no wbstitute for a photograph that captures the excitement, glory and tension of a sporting moment. Daily newspapers carry at least one photograph encapsulating a major sports event. Magazine features always use photographs to enhance the written content. Photographers form an integral part of any sports publication. Press agencies such as Associated Press (AP). Reuters, Press Trust of India syndicate and sell photographs to various publications. Several sports magazines carry free posters of sports personalities. Photographs provide the rnost immediate and visual impression of a sporting event of personality.
17.5.4 Interviews
Interviews are an important source of material for a sports feature. An event-based feature, for example the Australian Open. can include interviews with the championship winners. Ivan Lendl, winner of the Men's Singles in the 1990 Australian Open, is interviewed in a feature on the Australian Open. Excerpt: Question: Were you surprised when Edberg walked off in the third set of the final? Answer: No, Not really! I was surprised to see he was carrying an 111juryinto the match. When I realised what it was, I just said to myself 'hang in there and make him play every point' because I had been through it a couple of times myself and it becomes unplayable after a while. It gets worse and worse. You can't serve, you can't hit overheads. (Sportstar, Feb. 10, 1990, p. 15).
Such an interview conveys personal emotionsand viewpoints of the people involved. Along with photographs it heightens the immediacy of the game. Sports personalities, coaches and family members of personalities interviewed after victory or defeat provide another angle to the sports feature. 17.5.5 Other Sources Apart from the sources already mentioned, video/television footage forms an important aspect of Video/television presentations. The television programme "Sunil Gavaskar Presents" had footage of cricket matches from BBC, channel 9 and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. A television/video programme would also have to conduct research, collect data and conduct interviews in order to be a complete feature. The collection of material from various sources is a vital step towards writing or presenting a sports feature. Activity 4 Sports Features : Selection of Topic and Presentation How would you go about gathering information for a 500 word article94n the 1902 Asian of Material Games?
(Check your answers with the hints given at the end of the unit.) ,- 17.6 EDITING AND ORGANISATION OF MATERIAL
The material collected from various sources, for a sports feature has to be edited and organised for publication. The focus of the feature has to be kept in mind. A sports-based feature would concentrate on the particular sport. A feature on a test match would deal primarily with the match, rather than the personalities involved. The data collected, photographs and interviews have to be coherently put together to constitute a feature. A sports feature must conform to the policy of publication of the newspaperlmagazine. A feature must also be within a certain word limit. It cannot ramble on for pages. The word limit is especially relevant for newspaper features.
A test match report which recounts every stroke and every ball would be unreadable. Editing and organisation of material is vital in a Video~TVpresentation. A live, ball-by-ball coverage of a testlone day match does not require careful editing and organisation. The same match, when presented as a half hour "Highlights", will have to be carefully edited, so that only the highlights are projected. The most appropriate photographs, the most quotable quotes, the proper positioning of facts and data are essential towards writing a sports feature.
17.7 WRITING THE FEATURE
Here are a few examples to illustrate the manner in which sports features of various types are written.
17.7.1 Beginning A newspaper feature on the Kasparov-Karpov clash begins with the essential information of the result: "World Chess Champion Garry Kasparov survived dangerous pressure from challenger Anatony Karpov before escaping with a draw in the 15th game of their title duel on Wednesday." (Times of India, Saturday, December 1, 1990, p. 17)
Such a beginning appropriately introduces us to the context of the 15th game between the two. No descriptive words are wasted in the introduction, since space is limited.
A sports-based article, ''Crippling Crisis", (India Today, May 15, 1990), which deals with the problems facing Indian hockey begins with the untimely nature of the controversy: After cricket, it is hockey's turn. The action continues to spill on to the political sidelines of the Indian Sporting arena. Last fortnight, just when Indian hockey administrators and players should have been busy re-laying the splintered foundations Writing on Special Theniesll of the national game, they were sparring with each other. Worse, the warfare took place at a time when Indian hockey is faced with a do-or-die situation: the eight time Olympic Chanipions have to win the Asiad gold to directly qualify for the Olympics. (p. 1 19)
The beginning here refers to the administrative problems in Indian hockey, to the periodicity of India Today and to the glorious tradition of Indian hockey, against which the present pathetic state is compared. The context is outlined in greater detail than in the newspaper feature, and the focus of the article indicated.
A feature on a relatively obscure/new event in chess begins by highlighting the novel nature of the event and its importance for India: Overshadowed by the International Film Festival and Mohammedan Sporting's heroics in the Nehru Cup, another important event in Calcutta-the Goodricke's lnternational Chess Open-was relegated to the background. The strongest Chess event to be held in Asia. the tournament featured eight nations with six figure prize money at stake and leading the field were seven Grandmasters, 12 International Masters and two women IMS. (Sportsworld. 7-13 Feb., 1990, p. 54).
A sportsman-based feature could begin by describing the person's unique achievement. For example, "Leander Paes: True Grit" (Sportsworld, 7-13 Feb., 1990) begins as follows: They came from all over. Alistair McDonald and Joshua Eagle from Australia; Jan Kodes from Czechoslovakia. Sasha Petratshek from West Germany; Sasa Hirszon from Yugoslavia. But none could quite fathom how to successfully bottle a young 16 year old Indian whirlwind, Leander Paes. (Sportsworld, 7-13 Feb., 1990, p. 23)
From the examples given above it is evident that the beginning of a sports feature sets the tone, the context and indicates the focus of the feature. The beginning is vital to the overall structure of the feature.
17.7.2 Middle
The 'middle' constitutes the main body of a sports feature. The 'middle' deals with the information, analysis and description outlined in the introduction. The Sports feature on the 15th game between Kasparov and Karpov in The Times of India describes the moves and countermoves of the game. These details constitute the 'middle' of the feature. The article "Crippling Crisis" details the problems plaguing Indian hockey-inept administration, bad coaching, fraud trials-through analysis and interviews with experts. Excerpt: If the situation off the field is chaotic, on the field too Indians grope around like novices. The report by M.P. Ganesh, who resigned as national coach after the Lahore debacle, said "We conceded 18 goals because of bad goal-keeping, poor tackling, losing possession of the ball because of lack of confidence, wrong passes and faulty clearances." (India Today, May 15, 1990, p. 12 1 ). The feature on the Goodricke's International Chess Open gives details of performers, performances and how Indians fared in the tournament. Excerpt: In the opinion of many including Norwood, Yudasin played like a potential world title challenger. His best displays came up against GM Eugene Torres (Philippines) whom he beat with black and against Praveen Thipsay of India. Winning the Goodricke's Open was "not difficult" he commented. (Sportsworld, 7-13 Feb., 1990, p.54)
The feature on Leander Paes deals with his excellent performance at the Australian Open Junior Championship in 1990, where he was runner up. Excerpt: Leander's success was a combination of many factors: a consistent adherence to a sensible game-plan that he had formulated himself, and the fact that this net play style, a total antithesis of what is being taught worldwide: was difficult to counter. (Sportsworld, 7- 13 Feb., 1990, p. 23).
The 'middle' of a Sports feature is the main text of the feature. It deals with the topic under survey and provides a definite focus on sports persons and events. 17.7.3 End Sports Features : Selection of \ Topic and Presentation After introducing the subject of a sports feature and dealing with that subject in detail, it is of Material necessary to conclude the analysis and argument. The 'end' is a summing up of the main points of the article. "Crippling Crisis" ends with: Hockey's future in the country is dim as fame and moiley today are confined to cricket, according to those like Claudius. And unless professional managers with a positive attitude are given charge of the game, the future of India's national game will be acontinuing litany of epitaphs. (p. 121) (India Today, May 15, 1990)
The feature on the Karpov-Kasparov match ends with comments by experts and the current score: Spasskey exaniined the variation and simply said, "Bravo!" The match remains deadlocked at a score of 7-112-7-112. The next game is scheduled for Saturday with Kasparov having the advantage of the white pieces. (TOI, Dec. 1, 1990, p. 17)
Here the end is precise and neat. It also points out details about the match to be played. In some articIes, the feature writer ends by expressing his personal opinion using the first person singular "I". But I have never seen Leander Paes flinch from a challenge. He will be ready. This marvellous young champion. (Sportsworld, 7-13 Feb., 1990, p. 25)
Such an end affirms the qualities of the sports person and looks forward to further exploits by him. Thus the end of the feature not only sums up the primary aspects of the article, but points to future events and possibilities.
Every sports feature has a definite beginning, middle and end. The language and style may vary but the pattern remains. This pattern makes the feature compact, easily readable and interesting.
17.7.4 Language and Style While keeping the pattern of beginning, middle and end in mind you must note the language and style of the feature. Each publication has its own particular language and style. For exanlple, India Today is noted for its use of puns, especially in titles. An article on Archery is titled, "Bull's eye", (May 15, 1990), the article on the MRF Pace Foundation is titled "Pitching for Pace" (Feb. 15, 1991), the subtitle to "Crippling Crisis" is "As senior players rebel, the ganle faces sudden death". Here terminology which is associated with a particular sport is used to describe the content of the feature. Newspapers features use a terse, matter-of-fact style and language. Particular sports ccrmespondents-e.g. Kishore Bhimani for cricket in The Statesman have their own distinctive style. The use of sports terminology is extremely important in a sports feature. For example, a feature in India Today titled "Sportswatch" begins: Some cricketers like to play from the frontfoot and some from the backfoot but India is blessed with a few who specialise in the art of playing with the foot in the mouth. Raj Singh Dungarpur, the Chairman of the National Selection Committee, is a virtuous in this category. (India,Today, May 15, 1990, p. 123)
The use of cricket terminology is combined with a normal English idiom to show up the folly of India's national selectors. Terms particular to a game-googly in cricket, advantage, let in tennis, check in chess, bidding in bridge, penalty comer in hockey-are an essential part of language in a sports feature. Depending on the feature the style will vary. A dramatic victory will be conveyed dramatically, a historical match-e.g, the Tied Test between India- Australia-will be portrayed appropriately, a profile of a 1egend-e.g.: Sir Stanley Mathews will be suitably reverential. Apart from the occasion, the type of feature and terminology, the language of a sports feature includes codes and symbols. Chess notation and bowling analysis are two examples. If you read the following order of figures after a bowler's name you would know what the figures mean: Bruce Reid B-4-18-2. (TOI, Nov. 30, 1990). Writing on Special Themes11 The fust figure refers to the number of overs, the second to the maidens, the third to the runs conceded and the fourth to the number of wickets taken. The language and style of a sports feature is unique because it has its own terminology, codes and referents. The distinctive styles of correspondents differentiate one feature from another.
17.8 SUMMING UP
A sports feature, whether it deals with a particular sport, a personality or an event, presents a succinct, intelligible and dramatic account of sporting events, personalities and matches. A sports feature could be in the form of an article, an interview OR a livelrecorded TVIvideo presentation. A sports feature is distinctive because of its subject matter and the langauge and style in which it is written. The types of sports features, the ways in which material is collected and the organisation of the material have been dealt with in this unit.
Activity 4 You must be acquainted with the world of sports either through personal involvement OR through magazineshewspapers. Answer the following questions to test your awareness. According to the IOC Chairman Juan Antonio Samaranch, who is the athelete of the century? Who declared himself heavyweight boxing champion for life? Which Indian has the most Olympic appearances to his credit? Which opening pair has scored the most runs together in the history of Test cricket? The Deloittes Ratings are used to rank the best in two sports. Cricket is one. Which is the other? What game did Alfred Butts invent? Ghulam Mohammed of Datia became a world famous champion under what name? Who said "I was born to football, just as Beethoven was born for music"? Which Indian is credited with first drawing up the rules for Polo? What is the mythological origin of Kabaddi? (Source : Sportsworld Roundtable Quiz-Sportsworld, 18-24 April, 1990, pp. 68-69.)
17.9 AIDS TO ACTIVITIES
Activity 1 Refer to section 17.2. Try to write the answer in your words. Activity 2 Refer to Sub-section 17.3.1. While writing a sports-based feature you must keep in mind the particular terminology associated with the sport. You thould be able to convey the atmosphere and excitement of the match keeping in mind the restraints of publication. If your articlelreport is for your local newspaper then you must keep the interests of your readers in mind. Activity 3 Collect information facts about the sports person mentioned. Some of them--e.g. Milkha Singh and T.C. Yohanan-are no longer actively involved in sport. Mention why they are important to Indian sport4.g. T.C. Yohanan is the only Indian to have cleared 8 metres in the long jump. He gave up long jumping due to an injury that has led to permanent disability. For each profile mention the sport the person waslis associated with and his contribution to that sport. Example, Limba Ram is a tribal from Rajasthan, associated with archery. He won a gold medal in the team event and a silver medal in the individual event at the Asian championships in Beijing.
The 1982 Asiad was held in New Delhi. The Sports Authority of India would be the best source of material on these Games. You could mention how well organised and superbly orchestrated the whole show was. Your concentration must be on the Asian Games as a significant sporting event, especially for India.
Activity 4 Answer to the Quiz : a) Serge Bubka b) ldi Amin Sports Features : Selection 11 Dr. Randhir Singh Karni Topic and Presentation Gordon Greenidge and Desmond Haynes of Material Golf Scrabble Gama Pehlwan Pele Emperor Akbar Abhimanyu's foray into the Kaurava Camp