00-Titul Paleolit Milovice 2

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

00-Titul Paleolit Milovice 2 ANTHROPPOS utS udies in Anthropology, Palaeoethnologyy,, Palaeontology and Quaternary Geology VVool. 38/ N.S. 30,2015 UMĚNNÍ MORAAVVSKÉHO PPAALEOLITU Atlasas sbsbírky Ústaavvu Anthroopos Moraavvského zemsmského muzea PPAALAEOLITHHIC ARRTT OF MORAAVVVIA The Anthroposos CollectionC of the Moraravian Museum MARRTTIN OLIVVAA ANTHROPOS Studies in Anthropology, Palaeoethnology, Palaeontology and Quaternary Geology, Vol. 38, N.S. 30, 2015 MARTIN OLIVA UMĚNÍ MORAVSKÉHO PALEOLITU ATLAS SBÍRKY ÚSTAVU ANTHROPOS MZM PALAEOLITHIC ART OF MORAVIA The Anthropos Collection of the Moravian Museum S příspěvkem Martiny Lázničkové-Galetové MARTIN OLIVA UMĚNÍ MORAVSKÉHO PALEOLITU ATLAS SBÍRKY ÚSTAVU ANTHROPOS MZM PALAEOLITHIC ART OF MORAVIA The Anthropos Collection of the Moravian Museum S příspěvkem Martiny Lázničkové-Galetové MORAVSKÉ ZEMSKÉ MUZEUM BRNO 2015 Recenzovali: PhDr. Karel Sklenář, DrSc. Mgr. Petr Kostrhun, Ph.D. Předložená práce vznikla za finanční podpory Ministerstva kultury v rámci institucionálního financování na dlouhodobý koncepční rozvoj výzkumné organizace Moravské zemské muzeum (DKRVO 00009486202). Vychází u příležitosti 90. výročí nálezu Věstonické Venuše a zahájení výzkumů Moravského zemského muzea v jeskyni Pekárně. Na obálce / On the cover: Vpředu – rytina zubrů a medvědů z jeskyně Pekárny, hlavička idolu Brno 2, řezba mamuta z Předmostí; vzadu – rytina ženy z Předmostí, kotoučky z hrobu Brno 2, rytý oblázek z Býčí skály. Cover design: Šárka Fidrichová. © 2015, Martin Oliva © 2015, Translation Lada Krutilová, Miloš Bartoň © 2015, Layout Silvie Straková © 2015, Moravské zemské muzeum ISBN 978-80-7028-455-1 OBSAH – CONTENTS I. ÚVOD 9 I. INTRODUCTION 10 II. DĚJINY OBJEVŮ PALEOLITICKÉHO UMĚNÍ NA MORAVĚ 11 II. THE HISTORY OF PALAEOLITHIC ART DISCOVERIES 21 III. ZROD INTERPRETACÍ MORAVSKÉ PALEOLITICKÉ UMĚNÍ V ZRCADLE STARŠÍ LITERATURY 24 III. THE BIRTH OF INTERPRETATIONS THE MORAVIAN PALAEOLITHIC ART AS REFLECTED IN THE EARLIER LITERATURE 30 IV. O SYMBOLISMU A JINÝCH STRÁNKÁCH PALEOLITICKÉHO UMĚNÍ 33 IV. ON SYMBOLISM AND OTHER ASPECTS OF PALAEOLITHIC ART 54 V. LITERATURA – REFERENCES 64 VI. KATALOG 72 VII. POZNÁMKY K TECHNOLOGII TVORBY MORAVSKÉHO PALEOLITICKÉHO UMĚNÍ 154 (Martina Lázničková-Galetová) 7 UMĚNÍ MORAVSKÉHO PALEOLITU ATLAS SBÍRKY ÚSTAVU ANTHROPOS MZM I. ÚVOD Umění paleolitické Moravy je bezesporu jedním z úhelných kamenů kulturního dědictví nejen naší republiky, ale celého lidstva. Svědčí o tom již ta okolnost, že 85 předmětů z tohoto katalogu bylo v roce 2007 zařazeno do seznamu národních kulturních památek. Každým rokem musíme posuzovat několik žádostí o zapůjčení jednoho či několika uměleckých arte - faktů z našich sbírek na výstavy celoevropského a někdy i světového dosahu. Je zřejmé, že podobným žádostem je možné vyhovět jen v omezené míře a po důkladném prověření právní i technické bezpečnosti takové zápůjčky. Ještě obtížnější je vycházet vstříc opakovaným požadavkům na studium těchto unikátních dokumentů, které sice přicházejí z renomovaných univerzit, ale tématicky se již namnoze opakují. Stavu křehkých předmětů častá manipulace navíc jistě neprospívá, o ča - sových nárocích na kurátory sbírek ani nemluvě. Vydání zevrubného katalogu je tedy důležité nejen z hlediska prehistorie a kulturní historie obecně, ale i z důvodů konzervace těchto jedinečných a neopakovatelných nálezů – vždyť téměř všechny se do Moravského zemského muzea dostaly ještě před druhou světovou válkou. Na mnohých z nich přitom dnes pozoru - jeme lomy, které s pů vod ním stavem zachování již zdaleka nesouvisejí a ke kterým došlo opakovaným prohlížením, fo - tografováním, odléváním, vystavováním a podobně. Nejvíce postižené jsou předměty s katalogovými čísly 8, 88, 90, 112 a 125. Záměr detailní publikace našeho paleolitického umění formuloval před bezmála šedesáti lety ředitel Archeologického ústa- vu ČSAV Jaroslav Böhm (viz připojený dopis), a na počátku tohoto století vyšel podobný podnět od italských archeologů. Z obou projektů, které měly za úkol prezentaci artefaktů ve všech pohledech a se všemi důležitými údaji, žel sešlo, a ani v za - hra ničí žádná taková monografie dosud nevyšla. Kniha, kterou držíte v ruce, je tedy svým způsobem průkopnická. I když se v poslední době objevilo mnoho skvěle ilustrovaných svazků o paleolitickém umění, z hlediska dokumentace se v nich stále opakují standardní pohledy na nejznámější předměty, zpravidla bez jakýchkoli údajů o jejich nálezových okol - nostech, technologických parametrech a stavu dochování. Prezentaci těchto údajů jsme si vytkli jako hlavní cíl práce, a vcelku volně jsme u každého předmětu uvedli i literaturu, v níž byl předmět publikován buď poprvé nebo s nějakým podstatnějším přínosem (zajímavá interpretace, upozornění na detail, zdařilé foto apod.). Výběr těchto titulů je ovšem již povýtce subjek - tivní. Dvě první kapitoly zpracovávají téma dějin objevů moravského paleolitického umění, tedy i formování naší kolekce, a vývoj jeho interpretací v kontextu evropské vědy. Vzdor zásadní důležitosti sledovaného kulturního fenoménu jde o témata dosud samostatně nezkoumaná. Poslední kapitola vychází vstříc čtenářům, kteří se chtějí dozvědět, jak je na nejstarší umění možné pohlížet v současné době. Vedle shrnutí základních poznatků a názorů, které by bylo možno podstatně rozšířit, přináší i vlastní náhledy autora, s nimiž nemusí každý souhlasit. Položky z katalogu jsou v textu všech kapitol vyznačeny tučně. Většinu fotografií provedl emeritní pracovník Ústavu Anthropos Oldřich Kroupa, jiné Silvie Doleželová a Kamil Jursa. Všem těmto zaměstnancům Moravského zemského muzea děkuji za spolupráci, stejně jako Tamaře Janků za úpravu a adjustaci fotografií a za kresby, Silvii Strakové z edičního oddělení za přípravu do tisku a vedení muzea za zařazení tohoto náročného titulu do edičního plánu. Překladů do angličtiny se ujali Mgr. Lada Krutilová a pan Miloš Bartoň (větší část poslední kapitoly). 9 I. ÚVOD – INTRODUCTION Martin Oliva I. INTRODUCTION Publishing of a comprehensive catalogue is important not only from the viewpoint of prehistory and cultural history in general, but also for conservation of these unique and nonrecurring finds – after all, nearly all of them got to the Moravian Museum prior to WWII, and they have been continuously studied since. Although many lavishly illustrated volumes on the Palaeolithic art were released recently, as regards documentation they keep repeating standard attitudes to the best-known objects, usually without any details concerning their find circumstances, technological parameters and the state of preservation. Presentation of these data has been set as the main goal of this work, and with each of the objects the sources, in which it was published either for the first time, or with some more substantial merit, have been acknowledged altogether freely. The first two chapters deal with the history of the discoveries of the Moravian Palaeolithic art, therefore also the forming of the Moravian Museum collection, and the development of interpretations within the context of the European science. Despite the fundamental significance of the studied cultural phenomenon these topics have not been separately studied so far. The last chapter meets the wishes of those readers, who would like to know, how the ancient artistic creativity can be viewed presently. Additionally to the recapitulation of the principal findings and views that could be considerably enlarged it also brings author’s own opinions, not necessarily agreeable to everyone. Items from the catalogue are printed in bold in the text of all chapters. This book was financially supported by the Ministry of Culture of the Czech Republic through institutional financing of long- term conceptual development of the research institution (the Moravian Museum, MK000094862). 10 UMĚNÍ MORAVSKÉHO PALEOLITU ATLAS SBÍRKY ÚSTAVU ANTHROPOS MZM II. DĚJINY OBJEVŮ PALEOLITICKÉHO UMĚNÍ NA MORAVĚ V záplavě článků a skvěle vypravených knih o paleolitic- pa řížské Invalidovny otevřena r. 1867 u příležitosti světové kém umění prozatím zcela chybí studie, která by se obšírněji výstavy. Spolu s ní se konal i druhý Kongres antropologie zaobírala průběhem jeho identifikace. Kritická publikace na - a prehistorické archeologie. Ve svém nadšeném referátu Wan - še ho nejrozsáhlejšího souboru, uloženého v Ústavu Anthro - kel (1868a) praví: „Nanejvýš zajímavé jsou předměty z údo lí pos MZM, k tomu skýtá vhodnou příležitost. Dordogne, jako La Madeleine, Laugerie-Basse, Les Eyzies, Mas - V evropském i světovém měřítku spatřily první doklady sat, dále z náplav pod převisy Bruniquel, Vézère, keré vystavili paleolitického umění světlo světa ještě před vydáním slavné Lartet a Christy, Vibraye, Garregon, Peccadeau de l’Isle, Brun, knihy Keltské a předpotopní starožitnosti (Boucher de Perthes atd.; jsou to ony, které si zasluhují našeho zájmu a nedělitelné 1847), v níž ředitel celnice ze severofrancouzského Abbeville pozornosti. Především nám padnou do oka kresby a řezby, zná- poprvé uveřejnil řadu zcela přesvědčivých výrobků, zejména zorňující zvířata všeho druhu; k již zmíněné destičce ze slonovi- pěstních klínů, z „antediluviálních“ dob. V Journal de Genève ny, pocházející z jeskyně La Madeleine se stádem slonů s dlou- se již 23. listopadu 1833 objevila zpráva lékaře Fr. Mayora hou hřívou, kterou si můžeme prohlížet z povinnosti, se řadí jiná, o nálezu sobího parohu s rytinou ptačí hlavy, a to v převisu Veyrier v Horním Savojsku, ničeném v té době kamenolo- mem. Novinová zmínka zcela zapadla, stejně jako Brouilletův nález rytiny dvou laní na témže
Recommended publications
  • The Janus-Faced Dilemma of Rock Art Heritage
    The Janus-faced dilemma of rock art heritage management in Europe: a double dialectic process between conservation and public outreach, transmission and exclusion Mélanie Duval, Christophe Gauchon To cite this version: Mélanie Duval, Christophe Gauchon. The Janus-faced dilemma of rock art heritage management in Europe: a double dialectic process between conservation and public outreach, transmission and exclusion. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites, Taylor & Francis, In press, 10.1080/13505033.2020.1860329. hal-03078965 HAL Id: hal-03078965 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03078965 Submitted on 21 Feb 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Duval Mélanie, Gauchon Christophe, 2021. The Janus-faced dilemma of rock art heritage management in Europe: a double dialectic process between conservation and public outreach, transmission and exclusion, Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites, doi.org/10.1080/13505033.2020.1860329 Authors: Mélanie Duval and Christophe Gauchon Mélanie Duval: *Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB), CNRS, Environnements, Dynamics and Territories of Mountains (EDYTEM), Chambéry, France; * Rock Art Research Institute GAES, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. Christophe Gauchon: *Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB), CNRS, Environnements, Dynamics and Territories of Mountains (EDYTEM), Chambéry, France.
    [Show full text]
  • Explanatory Index of Proper Names Other Than Authors Cited
    Quest: An African Journal of Philosophy / Revue Africaine de Philosophie , 24 (2010), 1-2D 1-398 E:planatory inde: of proper names other than authors cited 0xhaustive listing of all proper names other than those of authors cited. 6or names mar2ed with UU also see Inde7 of Authors Cited . Some entries have underlying con- cepts explained under V.v. ( Vuod videre , Esee there=)8 for many other entries this index sei:es the opportunity of explaining details that could not be accommodated in the main text. 1hen a boo2 title is listed, it appears in italic , followed by the author=s name (if any) between parentheses. Inly capitalised text has been processed 9 thus e.g. ECatalyst= is listed but not the many occurrences of Ecatalyst=, Ecatalytic=, etc. Due to last-minute text additions a few page references may be off by 1. identity, 53 227n, 291n8 ,ssyrian ,baris, ,ncient Gree2 Achsenzeit , see ,xial ,ge traces in 9 , 1298 ,rab shaman, 112, 114, 114n ,cragas, 1098 cf. ,grigen- influence on sub- ,b2ha:oids, linguistico- tum Saharan 9, 758 9 and ethnic cluster in the ,dam, Biblical figure, 135 ,ncient Near 0ast, 73, ,ncient 3editerranean, ,donai, .ord, 1608 cf. 1298 9 and North ,mer- 233 ,idoneus ica, 9, 118, 265, 2748 9 ,boriginal ,ustralian, 91, ,egean, Sea and region, and 0urope, 808 and 0ast 1928 cf. Dur2heimUU 115, 141, 151, 175, 294, ,sia, 9 and ,sia, 35, 90, ,braham, Biblical figure, 273n8 9 -,natolian, 226 275, 280, 186n8 1est 162 ,ether, 103-104, 117-118, ,frica, 74, 268, 2818 ,bri du 6acteur, 5pper 130, 137-139, 152, 180- Central ,frica, espe- Palaeolithic site, 189 181, 154n, 165n, 184n8 cially South 9 , 5, 8, 17- ,byss, ,bysmal, 122, ,ether and Day, chil- 18, 31, 43, 62, 64, 70, 164, 236, 101n8 cf.
    [Show full text]
  • Homo Aestheticus’
    Conceptual Paper Glob J Arch & Anthropol Volume 11 Issue 3 - June 2020 Copyright © All rights are reserved by Shuchi Srivastava DOI: 10.19080/GJAA.2020.11.555815 Man and Artistic Expression: Emergence of ‘Homo Aestheticus’ Shuchi Srivastava* Department of Anthropology, National Post Graduate College, University of Lucknow, India Submission: May 30, 2020; Published: June 16, 2020 *Corresponding author: Shuchi Srivastava, Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, National Post Graduate College, An Autonomous College of University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India Abstract Man is a member of animal kingdom like all other animals but his unique feature is culture. Cultural activities involve art and artistic expressions which are the earliest methods of emotional manifestation through sign. The present paper deals with the origin of the artistic expression of the man, i.e. the emergence of ‘Homo aestheticus’ and discussed various related aspects. It is basically a conceptual paper; history of art begins with humanity. In his artistic instincts and attainments, man expressed his vigour, his ability to establish a gainful and optimistictherefore, mainlyrelationship the secondary with his environmentsources of data to humanizehave been nature. used for Their the behaviorsstudy. Overall as artists findings was reveal one of that the man selection is artistic characteristics by nature suitableand the for the progress of the human species. Evidence from extensive analysis of cave art and home art suggests that humans have also been ‘Homo aestheticus’ since their origins. Keywords: Man; Art; Artistic expression; Homo aestheticus; Prehistoric art; Palaeolithic art; Cave art; Home art Introduction ‘Sahityasangeetkalavihinah, Sakshatpashuh Maybe it was the time when some African apelike creatures to 7 million years ago, the first human ancestors were appeared.
    [Show full text]
  • Paleolithic 3 Million + 10,000 BCE
    The Rupture “This is where we should look for the earliest origins, long before the age of metals, because it was about 300,000 years ago that the “fire pit” was starting to be utilized with some stone, wood and bone.. Silo - 2004 Paleolithic 3 Million + 10,000 BCE The term Paleolithic refers to the « Old Stone Age » The Paleolithic period begins with the first evidence of human technology (stone tools) more than three million years ago, and ends with major changes in human societies instigated by the invention of agriculture and animal domestication. Paleolithic, Lower, Middle and Upper Lower Paleolithic 3 Million + - 300,000 BCE the Lower Paleolithic, from the earliest human presence (Homo antecessor and Homo heidelbergensis) to the Holstein interglacial, c. 1.4 to 0.3 million years ago. Middle Paleolithic 300,000 – 40,000 BCE the Middle Paleolithic, marked by the presence of Neanderthals, 300,000 to 40,000 years ago Upper Paleolithic 45,000 – 12,000 BCE the Upper Paleolithic, c. 45,000 to 12,000 years ago, marked by the arrival of anatomically modern humans and extending throughout the Last Glacial Maximum The Aurignacian Period – 40,000-28,000 BCE • The Aurignacian cultural tradition is generally accepted as the first modern humans in Europe. • During this period an explosion of sudden and innovative changes take place. People begin to use musical instruments which indicates possible ceremony, ritual and dance. Plus all forms of art appears at this time which signifies the full emergence of modern symbolic expression. • The most significant development in stone tool making is the refinement of the manufacture of blades struck off conical cores or nuculi.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Seashell Resonates After 18,000 Years
    PRESS RELEASE - PARIS - 10 FEBRUARY 2021 Ancient seashell resonates after 18,000 years Almost 80 years after its discovery, a large shell from the ornate Marsoulas Cave in the Pyrenees has been studied by a multidisciplinary team from the CNRS, the Muséum de Toulouse, the Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès and the Musée du quai Branly - Jacques-Chirac1: it is believed to be the oldest wind instrument of its type. Scientists reveal how it sounds in a study published in the journal Science Advances on 10th February 2021. The Marsoulas Cave, between Haute-Garonne and Ariège, was the first decorated cave to be found in the Pyrenees. Discovered in 1897, the cave bears witness to the beginning of the Magdalenian2 culture in this region, at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum. During an inventory of the material from the archaeological excavations, most of which is kept in the Muséum de Toulouse, scientists examined a large Charonia lampas (sea snail) shell, which had been largely overlooked when discovered in 1931. The tip of the shell is broken, forming a 3.5 cm diameter opening. As this is the hardest part of the shell, the break is clearly not accidental. At the opposite end, the shell opening shows traces of retouching (cutting) and a tomography scan has revealed that one of the first coils is perforated. Finally, the shell has been decorated with a red pigment (hematite), characteristic of the Marsoulas Cave, which indicates its status as a symbolic object. To confirm the hypothesis that this conch was used to produce sounds, scientists enlisted the help of a horn player, who managed to produce three sounds close to the notes C, C-sharp and D.
    [Show full text]
  • A Female Figurine from the Basal Aurignacian of Hohle Fels Cave in Southwestern Germany
    Vol 459 | 14 May 2009 | doi:10.1038/nature07995 LETTERS A female figurine from the basal Aurignacian of Hohle Fels Cave in southwestern Germany Nicholas J. Conard1 Despite well over 100 years of research and debate, the origins of art dimensions. Four fragments were recovered in connection with water remain contentious1–3. In recent years, abstract depictions have screening and can be localized to a 10-l volume corresponding to a ,3- been documented at southern African sites dating to 75 kyr before cm-thick portion of a quarter metre.The pieces of the figurine lay about present (BP)4,5, and the earliest figurative art, which is often seen as 3 m below the current surface of the cave in an area about 20 m from the an important proxy for advanced symbolic communication, has cave’s entrance. All of the finds come from the southwest quadrant of a been documented in Europe as dating to between 30 and single square metre and were recovered from within 12 cm in the 40 kyr BP2. Here I report the discovery of a female mammoth-ivory vertical dimension (Fig. 2). Although, owing to their fragility and com- figurine in the basal Aurignacian deposit at Hohle Fels Cave in the plex depositional histories, many of the ivory artworks from the Swabian Jura of southwestern Germany during excavations in Swabian Jura are highly fragmentary, the Venus from Hohle Fels is 2008. This figurine was produced at least 35,000 calendar years nearly complete; only the left arm and shoulder are missing. The excel- ago, making it one of the oldest known examples of figurative art.
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring the Concept of Home at Hunter-Gatherer Sites in Upper Paleolithic Europe and Epipaleolithic Southwest Asia
    UC Berkeley UC Berkeley Previously Published Works Title Homes for hunters?: Exploring the concept of home at hunter-gatherer sites in upper paleolithic Europe and epipaleolithic Southwest Asia Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9nt6f73n Journal Current Anthropology, 60(1) ISSN 0011-3204 Authors Maher, LA Conkey, M Publication Date 2019-02-01 DOI 10.1086/701523 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Current Anthropology Volume 60, Number 1, February 2019 91 Homes for Hunters? Exploring the Concept of Home at Hunter-Gatherer Sites in Upper Paleolithic Europe and Epipaleolithic Southwest Asia by Lisa A. Maher and Margaret Conkey In both Southwest Asia and Europe, only a handful of known Upper Paleolithic and Epipaleolithic sites attest to aggregation or gatherings of hunter-gatherer groups, sometimes including evidence of hut structures and highly structured use of space. Interpretation of these structures ranges greatly, from mere ephemeral shelters to places “built” into a landscape with meanings beyond refuge from the elements. One might argue that this ambiguity stems from a largely functional interpretation of shelters that is embodied in the very terminology we use to describe them in comparison to the homes of later farming communities: mobile hunter-gatherers build and occupy huts that can form campsites, whereas sedentary farmers occupy houses or homes that form communities. Here we examine some of the evidence for Upper Paleolithic and Epipaleolithic structures in Europe and Southwest Asia, offering insights into their complex “functions” and examining perceptions of space among hunter-gatherer communities. We do this through examination of two contemporary, yet geographically and culturally distinct, examples: Upper Paleolithic (especially Magdalenian) evidence in Western Europe and the Epipaleolithic record (especially Early and Middle phases) in Southwest Asia.
    [Show full text]
  • Survey of Paleoanthropological Discoveries in German-Speaking Nations
    Anderson 1 Dylan Anderson Carol Pannocione German 30 September 2019 Behold, der Mann: Survey of Paleoanthropological Discoveries in German-Speaking Nations 1. Introduction The German world, with its turbulent and important history from almost 600,000 years ago to this day, is immensely important to the study of humankind; from then and now. Fossils allow us a glimpse at the early inhabitants of Europe and Germany; tools allow us to see how our ancestors would have survived; and art allows us to see the symbolic capabilities of our ancestors. 2. Fossils and Tools Understanding and researching human prehistory is difficult due to the sheer volume of information. Moreover, there are few tools to examine said prehistory, with dental, isotopic, and mitochondrial analysis being some of the more recent tools. Early tools to examine prehistory would have been fossil analysis, stratigraphy, and comparative anatomy. 2.1. Neandertal 1 Neandertal 1 are a set of bones belonging to an extinct species of hominins now known as Homo sapiens neandertalensis. This was not the first Neandertal found, nor the first Neandertal discovered in the German world, but it was the first fossil to be named as Neandertal. After being discovered in 1856, the fossil was promptly given to local German teacher and naturalist Johann Carl Fuhlrott. Fuhlrott, along with German anatomist Hermann Schaaffhausen, published a joint Anderson 2 paper in 1857 in a German society for natural history posited that the skull belonged to a new species related to humans (Schaaffhausen, 1857). Their views were the subject of intense scholarly debate. At the time, the biological sciences were dominated by German cellular biologist Rudolf Virchow, who despised the theory of evolution and claimed Neandertal 1 was a human with a serious deformation (Glick, 1988).
    [Show full text]
  • Iron, Steel and Swords Script - Page 1
    Venus Figurines There are plenty of so-called Venus figurines. My Suebian ancestoress seems to be the oldest (and ugliest) of the bunch Just for the hell of it, here is a gallery of stone-age beauties. The ceramic one mentioned in the text is here. Here is a little table of what's around (partially adopted from Wikipedia). There are several more Venus figurines around, however, and many are probably patiently waiting for that good-looking archeologist to dig them out. Check this link for plenty of additional information and pictures: Don's Map; http://www.donsmaps.com/index.html. Some of the pictures following are from this site. Name Approx. age Location Material (x 1000 years) Hidden Venus of Hohle Fels 35–40 Suebian Alb, Germany Mammoth ivory Venus of Galgenberg 30 Lower Austria Serpentine rock Venus of Dolní Vestonice 27–31 Moravia, Czech Republic Ceramic Venus of Lespugue 24–26 French Pyrenees Ivory Venus of Willendorf 24–26 Lower Austria Limestone Venus of Mal'ta 23 Irkutsk Oblast, Russia Ivory Venus of Moravany 23 Záhorie, Slovakia Mammoth ivory Venus of Brassempouy 22 Aquitaine, France Mammoth ivory Venus of Laussel 20 Dordogne, France Limestone relief Venus' of Avdeevo 20 - 21 Switzerland Black jet Venus of Monruz 11 Near Kursk; Russia ivory Venus of Catal Huyuk 7.7 Turkey Clay (?) Suebian Venus of Hohle Fels Iron, Steel and Swords script - Page 1 Venus of Galgenberg Ceramic Venus of Dolní Vestonice Iron, Steel and Swords script - Page 2 Venus of Lespugue Venus of Willendorf Venus of Malta Iron, Steel and Swords script - Page 3 Venus of Moravany Venus of Brassempouy Venus of Laussel Iron, Steel and Swords script - Page 4 Venus' of Avdeevo Venus of Monruz Iron, Steel and Swords script - Page 5 Relatively recent "Venus" from Catal Huyuk; usually perceived as (birthing) Godess (Head restored) Finally, two modern versions.
    [Show full text]
  • Upper Paleolithic Art: a Creative Teaching Tool Ginger L
    Regis University ePublications at Regis University All Regis University Theses Summer 2010 Upper Paleolithic Art: a Creative Teaching tool Ginger L. Trovik Regis University Follow this and additional works at: https://epublications.regis.edu/theses Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Recommended Citation Trovik, Ginger L., "Upper Paleolithic Art: a Creative Teaching tool" (2010). All Regis University Theses. 461. https://epublications.regis.edu/theses/461 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by ePublications at Regis University. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Regis University Theses by an authorized administrator of ePublications at Regis University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Regis University College for Professional Studies Graduate Programs Final Project/Thesis Disclaimer Use of the materials available in the Regis University Thesis Collection (“Collection”) is limited and restricted to those users who agree to comply with the following terms of use. Regis University reserves the right to deny access to the Collection to any person who violates these terms of use or who seeks to or does alter, avoid or supersede the functional conditions, restrictions and limitations of the Collection. The site may be used only for lawful purposes. The user is solely responsible for knowing and adhering to any and all applicable laws, rules, and regulations relating or pertaining to use of the Collection. All content in this Collection is owned by and subject to the exclusive control of Regis University and the authors of the materials. It is available only for research purposes and may not be used in violation of copyright laws or for unlawful purposes.
    [Show full text]
  • The Foundation of Myth: a Unified Theory of the Link Between Seasonal/Celestial Cycles, the Precession, Theology, and the Alphabet/Zodiac
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 263 December, 2016 The Foundation of Myth: A Unified Theory of the Link Between Seasonal/Celestial Cycles, the Precession, Theology, and the Alphabet/Zodiac Part II by Brian R. Pellar Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS FOUNDED 1986 Editor-in-Chief VICTOR H. MAIR Associate Editors PAULA ROBERTS MARK SWOFFORD ISSN 2157-9679 (print) 2157-9687 (online) SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series dedicated to making available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor-in-chief actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including romanized modern standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino- Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. Submissions are regularly sent out to be refereed, and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered.
    [Show full text]
  • Pojavnost Umjetnosti U Evoluciji Čovjeka
    Pojavnost umjetnosti u evoluciji čovjeka Stupar, Anastazija Undergraduate thesis / Završni rad 2017 Degree Grantor / Ustanova koja je dodijelila akademski / stručni stupanj: University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science / Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Prirodoslovno-matematički fakultet Permanent link / Trajna poveznica: https://urn.nsk.hr/urn:nbn:hr:217:393486 Rights / Prava: In copyright Download date / Datum preuzimanja: 2021-10-02 Repository / Repozitorij: Repository of Faculty of Science - University of Zagreb SVEUČILIŠTE U ZAGREBU PRIRODOSLOVNO-MATEMATIČKI FAKULTET BIOLOŠKI ODSJEK POJAVNOST UMJETNOSTI U EVOLUCIJI ČOVJEKA THE EMERGENCE OF ART IN HUMAN EVOLUTION SEMINARSKI RAD Anastazija Stupar Preddiplomski studij molekularne biologije Undergraduate Molecular Biology Programme Mentor: izv. prof. dr. sc. Goran Kovačević Zagreb, 2017. SADRŽAJ 1. UVOD .................................................................................................................................... 1 2. POJAVA APSTRAKTNOG RAZMIŠLJANJA I KREATIVNOSTI ............................ 3 3. PETROGLIFI ...................................................................................................................... 6 3.1. Špilja Daraki-Chattan, Indija ...................................................................................... 6 3.2. Špilja Blombos, Južnoafrička Republika .................................................................... 7 3.3. Poluotok Burrap, Australija........................................................................................
    [Show full text]