First ICRI Meeting Minutes (Pdf)
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COASTAL CAPITAL Ecosystem Valuation for Decision Making in the Caribbean
COASTAL CAPITAL Ecosystem Valuation for Decision Making in the Caribbean RICHARD WAITE, LAURETTA BURKE, AND ERIN GRAY Photo: Katina Rogers Coastal Capital – Studies 2005-11 Coastal Capital – Studies 2005-11 Lower $, but important for food/jobs High $ High $ Photos: Crispin Zeenam (fisherman), Steve Linfield (wave break), K. Tkachenko (diving) Coastal Capital – Impacts? Main research questions • Which valuation studies have informed decision making in the Caribbean? • What made those studies successful in informing decision making? Use of coastal ecosystem valuation in decision making in the Caribbean • Low observed use so far • But, 20+ case studies offer lots of lessons Valuation supports MPA establishment St. Maarten, Haiti, Cuba, Bahamas, USA Photo: Tadzio Bervoets Valuation supports establishment of entry fees Bonaire, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Belize, St. Eustatius Image: STINAPA Valuation supports damage claims Belize, Jamaica, St. Eustatius, St. Maarten Source: U.S. Coast Guard. Valuation informs marine spatial planning Belize Source: Clarke et al. (2013). How else have valuation results been used? • Justify other policy changes (e.g., fishing regulations, offshore oil drilling ban) • Justify investment in management/conservation/ enforcement • Design Payments for Ecosystem Services schemes • Raise awareness/highlight economic importance Photo: Lauretta Burke Valuation results have informed decision making across the Caribbean Note: Not exhaustive. Why were these 20+ studies influential? …enabling conditions for use in decision -
The Ecology and Economy of Coral Reefs: Considerations in Marketing Sustainability
The Ecology and Economy of Coral Reefs: Considerations in Marketing Sustainability Rick MacPherson Director, Conservation Programs Coral Reef Alliance Coral Reefs in Peril: Worldwide Status •2004: 70% of coral reefs “are under imminent risk of collapse through human pressures,” or “are under a longer term threat of collapse.” (Up from 58% in 2002.) RED = high risk YELLOW = medium risk BLUE = low risk Almost two-thirds of Caribbean reefs are threatened 3 RED = high risk YELLOW = medium risk BLUE = low risk Science says: • Climate Change and CO2: bleaching and acidification • Local threats undermine reef resilience to climate change • MMAs lack resources and community support • 50% of reefs could be destroyed by 2050 Coral Reefs in Peril: Regional Status •Caribbean reefs have suffered an 80% decline in cover during the past three decades. •80 to 90% of elkhorn and staghorn coral is gone. •Currently, coastal development threatens 33% of the reefs, land- based sources of pollution 35%, and over-fishing more than 60%. 5 Why Should You Care? CoralCoral reefsreefs provideprovide vitalvital ““ecosystemecosystem servicesservices”” 6 The Importance of Coral Reefs: Biodiversity • Only a very tiny portion of the sea bottom is covered by coral reefs (0.09%) with a total area about the size of Arizona or the UK • Yet, they’re home or nursery ground for 25% of all known marine species and (probably over one million species). 7 Biodiversity 8 The Importance of Coral Reefs: Medicine • 50% of current cancer medication research focuses on marine organisms found on coral reefs. 9 Importance of Coral Reefs: Food •Coral reefs worldwide yield a total value of over US$100 billion per year from food alone •Primary source of protein for over 1 billion people Constanza et al. -
The Coral Reef Alliance • 2010 Annual Report INDIVIDUALLY, WE ARE ONE DROP
THE CORAL reef alliance • 2010 ANNUAL REPORT INDIVIDUALLY, WE ARE ONE DROP. TOGETHER, WE ARE AN OCEAN. -Ryunosuke Satoro, Poet 3 From the Executive Director From the Board Chair Forging new partnerships to save coral As a businessman and entrepreneur, I reefs is part of our DNA here at the Coral became involved with CORAL because Reef Alliance (CORAL). And looking back on I was impressed by their unique—and 2010, it’s through that quintessentially CORAL proven—strategy of improving reef health by approach that we addressed challenges and developing and implementing sustainable change. World headlines last year captured community-based solutions. As board chair, news of mass coral bleaching in Southeast Asia, Micronesia, I have realized an even deeper appreciation for the organization and the Caribbean, underscoring the urgency of our work. as I have worked more closely with CORAL’s talented team and Instead of getting mired in the gloomy news, CORAL expanded witnessed their unwavering commitment to our mission. our effective reef conservation strategies by cultivating key partnerships, including an exciting new collaboration with the Over the last year, the board of directors has been working Smithsonian’s National Museum of Natural History. diligently to move the organization forward. While we said farewell to some long-time members, we also welcomed a We know that we have a narrow window of time to affect positive stellar new addition—Dr. Nancy Knowlton, Sant Chair for change for coral reefs. With that in mind, we are embarking on Marine Science at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of new projects that will dramatically extend our impact. -
World Bank Document
37741 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 37741 The World Bank Group GEOGRAPHY ECONOMY / SOCIETY 1818 H Street, N. W. Country Of ce Manila Area: Total ..................................... 300,000 sq. km GDP (2005) .................................................. 5,379 B Washington D. C. 20433, U.S.A. 23rd Floor, The Taipan Place Land ..................................... 298,170 sq. km GDP growth rate (2005) ..................................5.1% Tel: 202-473-1000 F. Ortigas Jr. Ave. (formerly Emerald Ave.) Water ....................................... 1,830 sq. km GDP – composition by sector: Fax:202-477-6391 Ortigas Center, Pasig City, Philippines Boundaries: Agriculture ................................................14% www.worldbank.org Tel: 63-2-637-5855 to 64 North: Balintang Channel Industry .....................................................33% Fax:63-2-637-5870; 917-3050 South: Sulu and Celebes Seas Services ......................................................53% www.worldbank.org.ph East: Philippine Sea/Pacific Ocean Unemployment rate (2005): ..........................10.3% West: South China Sea Gross Domestic Investment/GDP: ..............15.7% December 2005 Coastline: .............................................. 36,289 km Exports of goods and services/GDP: ...........46.4% Maritime claims: Gross domestic savings/GDP: .....................20.1% Total territorial water area incl. Gross national savings/GDP: .......................18.2% -
Effects of Rising Seawater Temperature on Coral Reefs - Thomas J
FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE – Vol. V - Effects of Rising Seawater Temperature on Coral Reefs - Thomas J. Goreau, Raymond L. Hayes EFFECTS OF RISING SEAWATER TEMPERATURE ON CORAL REEFS Thomas J. Goreau Global Coral Reef Alliance, Cambridge, MA, USA Raymond L. Hayes Howard University, Washington, DC, USA Keywords: Climate change (global warming), coral reef ecosystem, coral reef bleaching, emerging infectious marine diseases, extreme climate events (hurricanes), reef fisheries, pelagic fisheries, ecosystem benefits, ecosystem collapse, recommendations. Contents 1. Introduction 2. Direct thermal effects 2.1. Sea Level Rise 2.2. The Solubility of Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen in Seawater 2.3. Limestone Solubility in Seawater 2.4. Influences of the Hydrological cycle 2.4.1. Salinity 2.4.2. Light Penetration 2.5. Ocean Thermoclines and Upwelling 2.6. Dynamics of Reef Frame Growth 2.7. Global Distribution of Coral Reefs 2.8. Coral Reef Bleaching 2.8.1. Historical Observations 2.8.2. Mass Bleaching Events 2.9. Coral Reproduction 2.10. Proliferation, Mutation and Virulence of Marine Microbes 3. Indirect thermal effects 3.1 Impacts from Mass Bleaching Events 3.2. Impacts from Emerging Marine Infectious Diseases 3.3. ImpactsUNESCO from Extreme Events: Tropical – StormsEOLSS 3.4. Impacts from Losses in Natural Shoreline Protection 3.5. Impacts of Losses in Other Reef Benefits 4. Reef and pelagicSAMPLE fisheries CHAPTERS 5. Coral reefs as endangered marine ecosystems 5.1. Threats from Coral Reef Collapses 5.2. Resilience of Reef Organisms 6. Needs and recommendations Acknowledgments Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketches ©Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS) FISHERIES AND AQUACULTURE – Vol. V - Effects of Rising Seawater Temperature on Coral Reefs - Thomas J. -
Annual Report | 2019 a Letter from Coral’S Board Chair
CORAL REEF ALLIANCE | ANNUAL REPORT | 2019 A LETTER FROM CORAL’S BOARD CHAIR It’s my privilege to chair the Board of the Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL). It’s easy to fall into despair at the state of the world’s coral reefs, but our message is one of hope. We can act immediately in ways that will help coral reefs respond to the multiple threats of climate change and human action. I’ve been a scuba diver and free diver for decades, and like all long-time divers I’ve can establish 45 Adaptive Reefscapes around the world by 2045, we can ensure that been heartbroken to see the state of some of my favorite dive sites. Warming waters, coral reefs continue to exist to provide benefits to people and wildlife for generations pollution, overfishing and inconsiderate tourists have all damaged the reefs. And yet, to come. I’ve also seen coral reefs recover and come back after major events like hurricanes. Coral reefs have survived some pretty scary episodes since they evolved on planet We used these scientific findings to guide the creation of our five-year strategic earth, and with your help, we can ensure that they can survive and thrive. framework, which we finalized last year. Created by senior staff and the Board of Directors, the plan describes how we will build on our existing strengths and quickly Knowing that CORAL is leading the effort to save these ocean wonders for future leverage work done by our partners to establish a global network of Adaptive generations is incredibly encouraging and inspiring, and it gives me great pleasure to Reefscapes. -
Yol.42 No. I 2001 I Ll/3 Jtule Uj I Tllllpltlc L T't Yclvw6j - ^ 20 Brown, Diesmos E Ahaln
l The State of Phtllptne Herpetolagl 19 THE STATE OF PHILIPPINE HERPETOLOGY AND THE CHALLENGES FOR THE NEXT DECADE Daring tbe tatne perirtd. tbere bat been let.r actiuity in ecological research and conteruatittu. ancl little or no actiuity in disciplines tach at behaaior, nicroeao/ution, reproductiue Reru M. BnowN, Anvnv C. Dtrslros, aNo ANcn C. biol- lgy, 0r popalation biologl'. Ix thit paper we reaiew a nodel Ar-cnt-e fetu studies and point out where others are hadly needed. Auailable biogeographic analyset, combined with new, First, there is a great need for more new basic re- unpa[tlished data, dent.on.rtrclte thdt the distributions of anphib- searc h focused on b iodive rs i ry conservat io tt, includittg system- iant and reptiles in tbe Pbilippines haue been ttrongly influ- atics, ecology, behavior, and current patterns of distibution enced by the nid- to late-P /ei.ttlcene format ion of seuera/ aggre- and ab u ndanc e. W itho ttt s uc h fundantenta I info r nat io n, c o n- gate island complexes at well at by clinatic gradients attociated servatton planning will be incornplete at best. with eleaation and a,ttbrlp0geTtic distarbances (priraarily cle- Heaney et al., 1999:315. forestation). Each Plei-rtocene aggrega.te island complex it a major center of biologica/ diaersity, and within tbese najor (and seu- The information needed to make sense of Asian eral other rninor) Iand nass amalgamatilnt, there exist numer- herpetology is not lurking in tlrc Literature; it is still out tlrcre in ous tub-centers of endernism and diuersitl centered on itolated tlrc rice padtlies and in the vanishing patches of nontane for- ntountains or mountain ranget. -
Building Healthy Communities
The Coral Reef Alliance (CORAL) | 2008 Annual Report Building Healthy Communities 3 “SCIENCE HAS DEMONSTRATED THAT REEF COMMUNITIES CAN RECOVER WHEN THEY ARE PROTECTED AND STRESSORS ARE REMOVED.” – U.S. Coral Reef Task Force 4 From the Executive Director Last week I overheard a group of children in a playground arguing about a game. When they couldn’t reach an immediate resolution, a few kids cried, “Do over!” and the game continued. Looking back at the events of the last year, I wondered how many of us were wishing we could declare the same thing. In 2008 we witnessed the collapse of our financial institutions, a dramatic decline in the value of our homes, and the loss of 2.6 million jobs—the most since World War II ended in 1945. These very serious issues sometimes make it difficult to worry about the environmen- tal degradation that’s happening in our oceans. Yet we know that coral reefs remain critical- ly endangered—rising ocean temperatures, increasing acidity, growing instances of disease, and collapsing fisheries are all putting tremendous pressure on reef health worldwide. In the wake of a difficult year, how can I be optimistic about the future? Because science has confirmed what CORAL’s programs have illustrated: when well managed marine pro- tected areas are supported by active local communities and defended against local threats, they not only recover, but also become resistant to large-scale stressors like climate change. With so many Americans focused on the economy, there is a very real chance that conserva- tion concerns could be set aside until our collective fiscal unease subsides. -
Final Diving.Indd
GOOD ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTICES ® DIVING Divers are some of the strongest and most effective advocates for coral reef conservation. Please follow these simple guidelines to become a “coral friendly” diver. AS A RESPONSIBLE TOURIST ■ For your vacation, choose an environmentally friendly resort or hotel; one that practices energy conservation, recycles, and treats sewage and solid waste in responsible ways. ■ Choose coral friendly dive operations that practice reef conservation by: ■ Giving environmental briefings. ■ Holding buoyancy control workshops. ■ Using available moorings. ■ Using available wastewater pump-out facilities. ■ Actively supporting local coral parks. ■ Participating in local conservation projects. ■ Pay user fees or make a donation when visiting coral parks and other marine conservation areas. ■ Avoid purchasing souvenirs made from coral, turtles or other marine life—this is often illegal, and it’s never environmentally wise. ■ Learn all you can about coral reefs—they are fascinating and fragile environments. IN THE WATER ■ Never touch corals; even a slight contact can harm them and some corals can sting or cut you. ■ Carefully select points of entry and exit to avoid areas of reef. ■ Make sure all your equipment is well-secured. ■ Make sure you are neutrally buoyant at all times. ■ Maintain a comfortable distance from the reef. ■ Practice good finning and body control to avoid accidental contact with the reef or stirring up the sediment. ■ Stay off the bottom and never stand or rest on corals. ■ Avoid using gloves and kneepads in coral environments. ■ Take nothing living or dead out of the water, except recent garbage. Good divers know that the best way to enjoy a reef is to slow down, relax and watch as reef creatures go about their daily lives undisturbed. -
Second Edition
Second Edition: International Version © PISCO 2007 Table of Contents The Partnership for Interdisciplinary Studies of Coastal Oceans (PISCO) produced this report in collaboration with the Communication Partnership for Science and the Sea 1 What Is a Marine Reserve? (COMPASS, www.compassonline.org). 2 Marine Reserves Studied PISCO is a consortium of academic scientists at Oregon State University; University of Around the World California, Santa Barbara; University of California, Santa Cruz; and Stanford University. PISCO advances the understanding of coastal marine ecosystems and communicates scientific knowledge to diverse audiences. EFFECTS OF MARINE RESERVES Visit www.piscoweb.org/outreach/pubs/reserves for a downloadable PDF version of 4 Effects of Marine Reserves this report; companion materials, including links to scientific references listed herein; and Inside Their Borders information about PISCO. To request printed copies of this report, contact one of the addresses listed on the back cover. Copying and distributing this report is permissible, 6 How Long Does It Take to See provided copies are not sold and the material is properly credited to PISCO. a Response? 8 Case Study: Kisite Marine National Park, Kenya Convening Lead Authors 9 Case Study: Leigh Marine Jane Lubchenco (Oregon State University) Reserve, New Zealand Steven Gaines (University of California, Santa Barbara) Kirsten Grorud-Colvert (Oregon State University) 10 Effects of Marine Reserves Satie Airamé (University of California, Santa Barbara) Beyond Their Borders Stephen -
'14 Aug 26 1\10:13 P.5
SIXTEENTH CONGRESS OF THE REPUBLIC ) OF THE PHILIPPINES ) Second Regular Session ) SENATE '14 AUG 26 1\10:13 P.5. Res No. 8 G2 Introduced by SENATOR MANUEL "LITO" M. LAPID RESOLUTION CONGRATULATING DR. GAVINO TRONO, DR. ANGEL ALCALA, DR. ROMAN BARBA, AND DR. EDGARDO GOMEZ FOR HAVING BEEN CONFERRED WITH THE ORDER OF NATIONAL SCIENTIST LAST 12 AUGUST 2014 WHEREAS, Article XIV, Section 10 of the Constitution states "Science and technology are essential for national development and progress. The State shall give priority to research and development, invention, innovation, and their utilization; and to science and technology education, training, and services. It shall support indigenous, appropriate, and self-reliant scientific and technological capabilities, and their application to the country's productive systems and national life" ; WHEREAS, in order to provide meaningful incentives to those engaged in scientific and technological research, and to give recognition to outstanding achievements in technology and the sciences, the Order of National Scientist was created under Presidential Decree 1003-A on 16 December 1976; WHEREAS, the Order of National Scientist is the highest recognition given by the President of the Philippines to Filipino men or women of science who have made significant contributions in one of the different fields of science and technology; WHEREAS, the Order of National Scientist is a prestigious award having been conferred only on 41 Filipinos since 1978; WHEREAS, last 12 August 2014, His Excellency President Benigno C. Aquino III conferred the Order of National Scientist on the following people for their outstanding contributions to their respective fields: Dr. Gavino Trono for Marine Botany, Dr. -
Quarterly Update ( 01 April– 30 June 2015 )
ECOSYSTEMS IMPROVED FOR SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES (ECOFISH) PROJECT ECOSYSTEMS IMPROVED FOR SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES (ECOFISH) Project QUARTERLY UPDATE ( 01 APRIL– 30 JUNE 2015 ) ECOFISH Document No.: 03/2015 Version: Final Implemented with: Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources National Government Agencies Local Government Units Assisting Organizations Supported by: United States Agency for International Development Contract No.: AID-492-C-12-00008 Managed by: Tetra Tech ARD 14 August 2015 Ecosystems Improved for Sustainable Fisheries (ECOFISH) Project Quarterly Progress Update (01 April– 30 June 2015) ECOFISH Document No.:03/2015 Version: Final Implemented with: Department of Agriculture – Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources National Government Agencies Local Government Units Assisting Organizations Supported by: United States Agency for International Development Contract No.: AID-492-C-12-00008 Managed by: Tetra Tech-ARD 14 August 2015 DISCLAIMER The views expressed in this document do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. Table of Contents Abbreviations and Acronyms 4 1. Introduction 1 2. Project Objectives 1 3. Monthly Calendar of Key Activities 2 3.1 National Level Activities ................................................................................................. 2 3.2. Site-Level Activities ......................................................................................................... 7 3.2.1. Calamianes