DOCSLIB.ORG

2011 Medicines in Development for Women

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
2011 Medicines in Development for Women 201R1e port M E D I C I N E S I N D E V E L O P M E N T F O R Women P R E S E N T E D B Y A M E R I C A ’ S B I O P H A R M A C E U T I C A L R E S E A R C H C O M P A N I E S More Than 800 Medicines Are in Testing for Diseases Disproportionately Affecting American Women merica’s pharmaceutical research and biotech - MEDICINES AND VACCINES IN DEVELOPMENT FOR WOMEN* nology companies are developing 851 medicines Afor diseases that disproportionately affect American women. The medicines in the pipeline for women (either in clinical trials or awaiting review by the Food and Drug Administration) include: • 139 for cancers affecting women, including 91 for breast cancer, 49 for ovarian cancer, and 9 for cervical cancer. • 114 for arthritis/musculoskeletal disorders. Approximately 46 million Americans have some type of arthritis or related condition, and 60 percent of them are female. • 64 for obstetric/gynecologic conditions. • 110 for autoimmune diseases, which strike women three times more than men. • 72 for depression and anxiety. Almost twice as many women as men suffer from these disorders. * Some medicines are listed in more than one category. • 83 for Alzheimer’s disease. Two-thirds (3.4 million) of In separate reports, PhRMA has found that researchers the 5.4 million Americans living with Alzheimer’s are working on 299 medicines for heart disease and today are women. stroke—which kill nearly half a million women each Among the potential new medicines in development year—and 98 medicines for lung cancer, the leading for women: cancer killer of women (see page 60 for details). • A medicine that uses nanotechnology that targets a America’s pharmaceutical research and biotech - cytokine that plays a key role in the inflammatory nology companies continue making exciting progress in process associated with rheumatoid arthritis. the search for new cures and treatments for diseases of special concern to women. We live in an era in which • A first-in-class medicine in development for ovarian we understand ever more about the difference between cancer that induces cell death and reduces cancer the sexes and their health care needs. This knowledge is growth by inhibiting an enzyme responsible for cell inspiring a continuing medical revolution that is bringing division. new hope to women around the world. • A first-in-class medicine in development for migraine that selectively blocks transmission of pain signals to the brain. • A new monoclonal antibody in development for lupus John J. Castellani modulates B-cells that produce antibodies against the President and CEO body’s own cells and tissue, causing the immune PhRMA system to turn on itself. Medicines in Development for Women A R T H R I T I S / M U S C U L O S K E L E T A L D I S O R D E R S Product Name Company Indication Development Status* ACE-011 Acceleron Pharma postmenopausal osteoporosis Phase I (sotatercept) Cambridge, MA (617) 649-9200 Celgene (908) 673-9000 Summit, NJ Actemra™ Genentech systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic application submitted tocilizumab South San Francisco, CA arthritis (800) 626-3553 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- early-stage rheumatoid arthritis Phase III (800) 626-3553 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- rheumatoid arthritis (subcutaneous) Phase III (800) 626-3553 AGN-XX/YY ACADIA Pharmaceuticals fibromyalgia Phase II San Diego, CA (see also gastrointestinal) (858) 558-2871 Allergan (800) 433-8871 Irvine, CA AIN457 Novartis Pharmaceuticals rheumatoid arthritis Phase II (secukinumab) East Hanover, NJ (see also autoimmune) (888) 669-6682 alendroniate Nycomed US osteoporosis application submitted effervescent Melville, NY (631) 454-7677 EffRx Lausanne, Switzerland AMG 167 Amgen osteopenia Phase I Thousand Oaks, CA (800) 772-6436 AMG 785 Amgen postmenopausal fracture, Phase II (anti-sclerostin Thousand Oaks, CA postmenopausal osteoporosis (800) 772-6436 mAb) AMG 827 Amgen rheumatoid arthritis Phase II (mAb) Thousand Oaks, CA (see lung/respiratory) (800) 772-6436 anti-LT alpha Genentech rheumatoid arthritis Phase II (RG-7416) South San Francisco, CA (800) 626-3553 anti-TWEAK Biogen Idec rheumatoid arthritis Phase I (BIIB 023) Cambridge, MA (see also kidney/urologic) (617) 679-2000 Aprela™ Ligand Pharmaceuticals postmenopausal osteoporosis Phase III bazedoxifene/ San Diego, CA prevention (858) 550-7500 conjugated Pfizer (see also obstetric/gynecologic) (860) 732-5156 estrogens New York, NY apremilast Celgene rheumatoid arthritis Phase II Summit, NJ (908) 673-9000 Arcoxia™ Merck rheumatoid arthritis Phase III etoricoxib Whitehouse Station, NJ (800) 672-6372 * For more information about a specific medicine in this report, please call the telephone number listed. 2 M E D I C I N E S I N D E V E L O P M E N T F O R Women 2011 A R T H R I T I S / M U S C U L O S K E L E T A L D I S O R D E R S Product Name Company Indication Development Status ARG301 arGentis rheumatoid arthritis Phase I Memphis, TN (901) 818-3262 atripimod Callisto Pharmaceuticals rheumatoid arthritis Phase II completed New York, NY (212) 297-0010 AUS-131 Ausio Pharmaceuticals osteoporosis Phase I Cincinnati, OH (see also obstetric/gynecologic) (513) 731-1600 AVL-92 Avila Therapeutics rheumatoid arthritis Phase I Waltham, MA (781) 891-0086 BA-058 Radius Health osteoporosis Phase II Cambridge, MA (617) 551-4700 BAFF antibody Eli Lilly rheumatoid arthritis Phase III (LY2127399) Indianapolis, IN (see also autoimmune) (800) 545-5979 BG-12 Biogen Idec rheumatoid arthritis Phase II completed (dimethyl fumarate) Cambridge, MA (see also autoimmune) (617) 679-2000 BI 113823 Boehringer Ingelheim osteoarthritis Phase I Pharmaceuticals (800) 243-0127 Ridgefield, CT BMS-817399 Bristol-Myers Squibb rheumatoid arthritis Phase I (CCR1 antagonist) Princeton, NJ (212) 546-4000 BMS-945429 Bristol-Myers Squibb rheumatoid arthritis Phase I (anti-IL6) Princeton, NJ (212) 546-4000 Alder Biopharmaceuticals (425) 205-2900 Bothell, WA calcitonin oral Tarsa Therapeutics postmenopausal osteoporosis Phase III completed Philadelphia, PA treatment (267) 273-7940 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- postmenopausal osteoporosis Phase II prevention (267) 273-7940 CAM-3001 AstraZeneca rheumatoid arthritis Phase II (anti-GM-CSFR Wilmington, DE (800) 236-9933 mAb) MedImmune (301) 398-0000 Gaithersburg, MD CCX354 ChemoCentryx rheumatoid arthritis Phase II Mountain View, CA (650) 210-2900 cenplacel-L Celgene Cellular rheumatoid arthritis Phase I/II (PDA-001) Therapeutics (see also autoimmune) (908) 673-9000 Summit, NJ CF101 Can-Fite BioPharma rheumatoid arthritis Phase II Petah-Tikva, Israel (see also eye) www.canfite.com CG-100649 CG Pharmaceuticals inflammation associated with Phase I Emeryville, CA osteoarthritis (510) 594-8200 CH-4051 Chelsea Therapeutics rheumatoid arthritis Phase II Charlotte, NC (704) 341-1516 CNTO-136 Centocor Ortho Biotech rheumatoid arthritis Phase II (sirukumab) Horsham, PA (see also kidney/urologic) (610) 651-6000 M E D I C I N E S I N D E V E L O P M E N T F O R Women 2011 3 A R T H R I T I S / M U S C U L O S K E L E T A L D I S O R D E R S Product Name Company Indication Development Status DP-001 Deltanoid Pharmaceuticals osteoporosis Phase II Madison, WI (608) 238-7710 droxidopa Chelsea Therapeutics fibromyalgia Phase II Charlotte, NC (see also other) (704) 341-1516 EVT 401 Evotec rheumatoid arthritis Phase I completed North Potomac, MD (240) 683-1199 fezakinumab Pfizer rheumatoid arthritis Phase II (ILV-094) New York, NY (see also autoimmune) (860) 732-5156 fibroblast growth EMD Serono osteoarthritis Phase I factor-18 Rockland, MA (800) 283-8088 flupirtine Adeona Pharmaceuticals fibromyalgia Phase II Ann Arbor, MI (734) 332-7800 Meda Pharmaceuticals (732) 564-2200 Somerset, NJ fostamatinib AstraZeneca rheumatoid arthritis Phase III Wilmington, DE (800) 236-9933 Rigel Pharmaceuticals (650) 624-1100 South San Francisco, CA gevokizumab XOMA rheumatoid arthritis Phase II (XOMA052) Berkeley, CA (see also autoimmune) (510) 204-7200 GSK315234 GlaxoSmithKline rheumatoid arthritis Phase II (oncostatin M mAb) Rsch. Triangle Park, NC (888) 825-5249 GSK768974 GlaxoSmithKline osteoporosis Phase II (parathyroid Rsch. Triangle Park, NC (888) 825-5249 hormone receptor Unigene (973) 265-1100 agonist) Boonton, NJ HE3286 Hollis-Eden rheumatoid arthritis Phase I/II completed Pharmaceuticals (858) 587-9333 San Diego, CA Humira® Abbott Laboratories early rheumatoid arthritis Phase III adalimumab Abbott Park, IL (see also kidney/urologic) (847) 937-6100 IBU-PC PLx Pharma pain and inflammation associated Phase II Houston, TX with osteoarthritis (713) 842-1249 IL-17 antibody Eli Lilly rheumatoid arthritis Phase II (LY2439821) Indianapolis, IN (800) 545-5979 Ilaris® Novartis Pharmaceuticals systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis Phase III canakinumab East Hanover, NJ (subcutaneous) (888) 669-6682 (see also autoimmune, lung/respiratory) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- osteoarthritis Phase II (intra-arterial) (888) 669-6682 IR-raloxifene SCLOR Pharma osteoporosis Phase I completed Bothell, WA (425) 368-1050 JAK-1/JAK-2 Eli Lilly rheumatoid arthritis Phase II (LY3009104) Indianapolis, IN (800) 545-5979 4 M E D I C I N E S I N D E V E L O P M E N T F O R Women 2011 A R T H R I T I S / M U S C U L O S K E L E T A L D I S O R D E R S Product Name Company Indication Development Status JNJ-40346527 Johnson & Johnson
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Development of a Test That Measures Real-Time HER2 Signaling Function in Live Breast Cancer Cell Lines and Primary Cells Yao Huang1, David J
    Huang et al. BMC Cancer (2017) 17:199 DOI 10.1186/s12885-017-3181-0 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Development of a test that measures real-time HER2 signaling function in live breast cancer cell lines and primary cells Yao Huang1, David J. Burns1, Benjamin E. Rich1, Ian A. MacNeil1, Abhijit Dandapat1, Sajjad M. Soltani1, Samantha Myhre1, Brian F. Sullivan1, Carol A. Lange2, Leo T. Furcht3 and Lance G. Laing1* Abstract Background: Approximately 18–20% of all human breast cancers have overexpressed human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Standard clinical practice is to treat only overexpressed HER2 (HER2+) cancers with targeted anti-HER2 therapies. However, recent analyses of clinical trial data have found evidence that HER2-targeted therapies may benefit a sub-group of breast cancer patients with non-overexpressed HER2. This suggests that measurement of other biological factors associated with HER2 cancer, such as HER2 signaling pathway activity, should be considered as an alternative means of identifying patients eligible for HER2 therapies. Methods: A new biosensor-based test (CELxTM HSF) that measures HER2 signaling activity in live cells is demonstrated using a set of 19 human HER2+ and HER2– breast cancer reference cell lines and primary cell samples derived from two fresh patient tumor specimens. Pathway signaling is elucidated by use of highly specific agonists and antagonists. The test method relies upon well-established phenotypic, adhesion-related, impedance changes detected by the biosensor. Results: The analytical sensitivity and analyte specificity of this method was demonstrated using ligands with high affinity and specificity for HER1 and HER3. The HER2-driven signaling quantified ranged 50-fold between the lowest and highest cell lines.
    [Show full text]
  • Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Modifications of Thyroid Function Tests
    European Journal of Endocrinology (2009) 160 331–336 ISSN 0804-4643 REVIEW Tyrosine kinase inhibitors and modifications of thyroid function tests: a review Fre´de´ric Illouz1,2, Sandrine Laboureau-Soares1,Se´verine Dubois1, Vincent Rohmer1,2,3,4 and Patrice Rodien1,2,3,4 1CHU d’Angers, De´partement d’Endocrinologie Diabe´tologie Nutrition, Angers Cedex 09 F-49933, France, 2Centre de Re´fe´rence des Pathologies de la Re´ceptivite´ Hormonale, CHU d’Angers, Angers Cedex 09 F-49933, France, 3INSERM, U694, Angers Cedex 09 F-49933, France and 4Universite´ d’Angers, Angers Cedex 09 F-49933, France (Correspondence should be addressed to F Illouz; Email: [email protected]) Abstract Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) belong to new molecular multi-targeted therapies that are approved for the treatment of haematological and solid tumours. They interact with a large variety of protein tyrosine kinases involved in oncogenesis. In 2005, the first case of hypothyroidism was described and since then, some data have been published and have confirmed that TKI can affect the thyroid function tests (TFT). This review analyses the present clinical and fundamental findings about the effects of TKI on the thyroid function. Various hypotheses have been proposed to explain the effect of TKI on the thyroid function but those are mainly based on clinical observations. Moreover, it appears that TKI could alter the thyroid hormone regulation by mechanisms that are specific to each molecule. The present propositions for the management of TKI-induced hypothyroidism suggest that we assess the TFT of the patients regularly before and during the treatment by TKI.
    [Show full text]
  • By in Vivo's Biopharma, Medtech and Diagnostics Teams
    invivo.pharmaintelligence.informa.com JANUARY 2018 Invol. 36 ❚ no. 01 Vivopharma intelligence ❚ informa 2018 OUTLOOK By In Vivo’s Biopharma, Medtech and Diagnostics Teams PAGE LEFT BLANK INTENTIONALLY invivo.pharmaintelligence.informa.com STRATEGIC INSIGHTS FOR LIFE SCIENCES DECISION-MAKERS CONTENTS ❚ In Vivo Pharma intelligence | January 2018 BIOPHARMA MEDTECH 2018 DIAGNOSTICS OUTLOOK 12 22 28 Biopharma 2018: Medtech 2018: Diagnostics 2018: Is There Still A Place For Pharma The Place For Innovation Steady Progress And In The New Health Care As Value-based Health Care The Big Get Bigger Economy? Gains Momentum MARK RATNER WILLIAM LOONEY ASHLEY YEO If the beginning of 2017 was marked 2018 will be a time of transition in health 2017 was a watershed year in many by doubts around whether and how care, when biopharma’s counterparts respects, politically, economically the FDA would act with respect to in adjacent industry segments scale up and commercially for many players complex diagnostics, we enter 2018 in a radical redesign of their traditional in the medtech field. Where will the feeling that slow-moving vessel may business models. Biopharma is not opportunities lie in 2018? Will finally be turning. moving as quickly, and it confronts a breakthrough medtech innovation still strategic dilemma on how to address the have a place among providers often prospect of a much more powerful set of riding on fumes when it comes to 36 rivals in the ongoing battle to own the budgets, and is it all as bad as some patient experience in medicine. would make out? Thirty-five Years Covering Health Care: The More Things Change… 30 PETER CHARLISH A Virtuous Cycle: What The The health care industry has come a Immuno-Oncology Revolution long way in the past 35 years, although Means For Other Disease Areas in some areas very little has changed.
    [Show full text]
  • Phase II Study of Hormone Therapy with Tamoxifen in Patients with Well Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors and Hormone Receptor Positive Expression (HORMONET)
    Phase II study of hormone therapy with tamoxifen in patients with well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors and hormone receptor positive expression (HORMONET) Time of researchers and respective Departments: Rachel Riechelmann (Main Investigador)1, Milton Barros 1, Marcos Camandaroba1,2, Virgilio Souza1,2, Celso Abdon Mello1, Paula Nicole3, Eduardo Nóbrega4, Ludmilla Chinen5, Marina De Brot6, Héber Salvador7. Departaments: 1- Clinical Oncology; 2- postgraduate student; 3- Radiology; 4- Nuclear Medicine; 5-International Research Center (CIPE); 6-Pathologic anatomy; 7- Abdomen Surgery AC Camargo Cancer Center - Brazil Registration Number on Institutional Research Ethics Committee: 2626/18 March,06,2019 Introduction Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are rare neoplasms, but with increasing incidence and prevalence in the last decades. Although they may manifest in the most diverse tissues, the vast majority of cases will affect organs of the digestive tract and lung. At diagnosis, more than half of the cases present metastatic disease, and among patients with localized disease, up to one-third will have recurrence of the disease. Unfortunately, the minority of patients with metastatic disease are eligible for curative intent.1 Although there are many types of NET, they are often studied together as a group because their cells share common histological findings, have special secretory granules, and the ability to secrete bioactive amines and polypeptide hormones. Approximately 25 percent of the tumors present functional hormonal syndromes (situation of great morbidity for these patients), being the carcinoid syndrome, the most common one. From the molecular point of view, these neoplasias are largely dependent on the activation of the mTOR pathway and neoangiogenesis.2 Another striking feature of neuroendocrine cells is the expression of cell surface hormone receptors whose activation or blockade may exert an important regulatory function.
    [Show full text]
  • Infectious Diseases
    2013 MEDICINES IN DEVELOPMENT REPORT Infectious Diseases A Report on Diseases Caused by Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi and Parasites PRESENTED BY AMERICA’S BIOPHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH COMPANIES Biopharmaceutical Research Evolves Against Infectious Diseases with Nearly 400 Medicines and Vaccines in Testing Throughout history, infectious diseases hepatitis C that inhibits the enzyme have taken a devastating toll on the lives essential for viral replication. and well-being of people around the • An anti-malarial drug that has shown Medicines in Development world. Caused when pathogens such activity against Plasmodium falci- For Infectious Diseases as bacteria or viruses enter a body and parum malaria which is resistant to multiply, infectious diseases were the current treatments. Application leading cause of death in the United Submitted States until the 1920s. Today, vaccines • A potential new antibiotic to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Phase III and infectious disease treatments have proven to be effective treatments in aureus (MRSA). Phase II many cases, but infectious diseases still • A novel treatment that works by Phase I pose a very serious threat to patients. blocking the ability of the smallpox Recently, some infectious pathogens, virus to spread to other cells, thus 226 such as pseudomonas bacteria, have preventing it from causing disease. become resistant to available treatments. Infectious diseases may never be fully Diseases once considered conquered, eradicated. However, new knowledge, such as tuberculosis, have reemerged new technologies, and the continuing as a growing health threat. commitment of America’s biopharma- America’s biopharmaceutical research ceutical research companies can help companies are developing 394 medicines meet the continuing—and ever-changing and vaccines to combat the many threats —threat from infectious diseases.
    [Show full text]
  • (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2004/0224012 A1 Suvanprakorn Et Al
    US 2004O224012A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2004/0224012 A1 Suvanprakorn et al. (43) Pub. Date: Nov. 11, 2004 (54) TOPICAL APPLICATION AND METHODS Related U.S. Application Data FOR ADMINISTRATION OF ACTIVE AGENTS USING LIPOSOME MACRO-BEADS (63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 10/264,205, filed on Oct. 3, 2002. (76) Inventors: Pichit Suvanprakorn, Bangkok (TH); (60) Provisional application No. 60/327,643, filed on Oct. Tanusin Ploysangam, Bangkok (TH); 5, 2001. Lerson Tanasugarn, Bangkok (TH); Suwalee Chandrkrachang, Bangkok Publication Classification (TH); Nardo Zaias, Miami Beach, FL (US) (51) Int. CI.7. A61K 9/127; A61K 9/14 (52) U.S. Cl. ............................................ 424/450; 424/489 Correspondence Address: (57) ABSTRACT Eric G. Masamori 6520 Ridgewood Drive A topical application and methods for administration of Castro Valley, CA 94.552 (US) active agents encapsulated within non-permeable macro beads to enable a wider range of delivery vehicles, to provide longer product shelf-life, to allow multiple active (21) Appl. No.: 10/864,149 agents within the composition, to allow the controlled use of the active agents, to provide protected and designable release features and to provide visual inspection for damage (22) Filed: Jun. 9, 2004 and inconsistency. US 2004/0224012 A1 Nov. 11, 2004 TOPCAL APPLICATION AND METHODS FOR 0006 Various limitations on the shelf-life and use of ADMINISTRATION OF ACTIVE AGENTS USING liposome compounds exist due to the relatively fragile LPOSOME MACRO-BEADS nature of liposomes. Major problems encountered during liposome drug Storage in vesicular Suspension are the chemi CROSS REFERENCE TO OTHER cal alterations of the lipoSome compounds, Such as phos APPLICATIONS pholipids, cholesterols, ceramides, leading to potentially toxic degradation of the products, leakage of the drug from 0001) This application claims the benefit of U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Chronic Pelvic Pain M
    Guidelines on Chronic Pelvic Pain M. Fall (chair), A.P. Baranowski, S. Elneil, D. Engeler, J. Hughes, E.J. Messelink, F. Oberpenning, A.C. de C. Williams © European Association of Urology 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1. INTRODUCTION 5 1.1 The guideline 5 1.1.1 Publication history 5 1.2 Level of evidence and grade recommendations 5 1.3 References 6 1.4 Definition of pain (World Health Organization [WHO]) 6 1.4.1 Innervation of the urogenital system 7 1.4.2 References 8 1.5 Pain evaluation and measurement 8 1.5.1 Pain evaluation 8 1.5.2 Pain measurement 8 1.5.3 References 9 2. CHRONIC PELVIC PAIN 9 2.1 Background 9 2.1.1 Introduction to urogenital pain syndromes 9 2.2 Definitions of chronic pelvic pain and terminology (Table 4) 11 2.3 Classification of chronic pelvic pain syndromes 12 Table 3: EAU classification of chronic urogenital pain syndromes (page 10) Table 4: Definitions of chronic pain terminology (page 11) Table 5: ESSIC classification of types of bladder pain syndrome according to the results of cystoscopy with hydrodistension and of biopsies (page 13) 2.4 References 13 2.5 An algorithm for chronic pelvic pain diagnosis and treatment 13 2.5.1 How to use the algorithm 13 2.6 Prostate pain syndrome (PPS) 15 2.6.1 Introduction 16 2.6.2 Definition 16 2.6.3 Pathogenesis 16 2.6.4 Diagnosis 17 2.6.5 Treatment 17 2.6.5.1 Alpha-blockers 17 2.6.5.2 Antibiotic therapy 17 2.6.5.3 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 17 2.6.5.4 Corticosteroids 17 2.6.5.5 Opioids 17 2.6.5.6 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors 18 2.6.5.7 Allopurinol 18 2.6.5.8
    [Show full text]
  • Neuroprotection in Alzheimer's Disease
    Chapter 8 Neuroprotection in Alzheimer’s Disease Introduction Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive degenerative disorder of the brain that begins with memory impairment and eventually progresses to dementia, physical impairment, and death. Patients develop various psychiatric and neurological signs during the course of the disease. The prevalence rates of dementia vary significantly in different countries, but range from 2.1 to 10.5%. AD is the most common type of dementia, accounting for 50–60% of all cases, and is described in detail in a special report on AD (Jain 2010). Several other types of dementias are considered in the differential diagnosis of AD and sometimes all the dementias are lumped together if the type is not known. Other well-known types of dementias are vascular dementia, dementia of aging, and dementia associated with HIV infection. The focus of this section is on AD and some other dementias will be described in Chap. 11. Pathomechanism of Alzheimer’s Disease Several factors that play a role in the etiology and pathogenesis of AD include the following: • Aging • Genetic risk factors • Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and beta-amyloid (Ab) accumulation with neural and vascular sequelae • Tau hyperphosphorylation • Membrane disturbances, phospholipid metabolism, and disruption of signal transduction • Inflammatory reactions and immunological disturbances • Environmental toxins: trace metals • Neurotransmitter defects and imbalances K.K. Jain, The Handbook of Neuroprotection, DOI 10.1007/978-1-61779-049-2_8, 337 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2011 338 8 Neuroprotection in Alzheimer’s Disease • Neuroendocrine disturbances • Oxidative injury and free radicals • Disturbances in regulation and receptors of neurotrophic factors (NTFs) Such a large number of factors in the etiology of AD are responsible for the plethora of theories of cause of AD.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence-Based Guidelines for Treating Depressive Disorders with Antidepressants
    JOP0010.1177/0269881115581093Journal of PsychopharmacologyCleare et al. 581093research-article2015 BAP Guidelines Evidence-based guidelines for treating depressive disorders with antidepressants: A revision of the 2008 British Association Journal of Psychopharmacology 2015, Vol. 29(5) 459 –525 for Psychopharmacology guidelines © The Author(s) 2015 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0269881115581093 jop.sagepub.com Anthony Cleare1, CM Pariante2 and AH Young3 With expert co-authors (in alphabetical order): IM Anderson4, D Christmas5, PJ Cowen6, C Dickens7, IN Ferrier8, J Geddes9, S Gilbody10, PM Haddad11, C Katona12, G Lewis12, A Malizia13, RH McAllister-Williams14, P Ramchandani15, J Scott16, D Taylor17, R Uher18 and the members of the Consensus Meeting19 Endorsed by the British Association for Psychopharmacology Abstract A revision of the 2008 British Association for Psychopharmacology evidence-based guidelines for treating depressive disorders with antidepressants was undertaken in order to incorporate new evidence and to update the recommendations where appropriate. A consensus meeting involving experts in depressive disorders and their management was held in September 2012. Key areas in treating depression were reviewed and the strength of evidence and clinical implications were considered. The guidelines were then revised after extensive feedback from participants and interested parties. A literature review is provided which identifies the quality of evidence upon which the recommendations
    [Show full text]
  • A Simple Method to Measure Sulfonation in Man Using Paracetamol As Probe Drug Natália Marto 1,2*, Judit Morello1,3, Alexandra M
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN A simple method to measure sulfonation in man using paracetamol as probe drug Natália Marto 1,2*, Judit Morello1,3, Alexandra M. M. Antunes3, Sofa Azeredo4, Emília C. Monteiro1,5 & Sofa A. Pereira1,5 Sulfotransferase enzymes (SULT) catalyse sulfoconjugation of drugs, as well as endogenous mediators, gut microbiota metabolites and environmental xenobiotics. To address the limited evidence on sulfonation activity from clinical research, we developed a clinical metabolic phenotyping method using paracetamol as a probe substrate. Our aim was to estimate sulfonation capability of phenolic compounds and study its intraindividual variability in man. A total of 36 healthy adult volunteers (12 men, 12 women and 12 women on oral contraceptives) received paracetamol in a 1 g-tablet formulation on three separate occasions. Paracetamol and its metabolites were measured in plasma and spot urine samples using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. A metabolic ratio (Paracetamol Sulfonation Index—PSI) was used to estimate phenol SULT activity. PSI showed low intraindividual variability, with a good correlation between values in plasma and spot urine samples. Urinary PSI was independent of factors not related to SULT activity, such as urine pH or eGFR. Gender and oral contraceptive intake had no impact on PSI. Our SULT phenotyping method is a simple non-invasive procedure requiring urine spot samples, using the safe and convenient drug paracetamol as a probe substrate, and with low intraindividual coefcient of variation. Although it will not give us mechanistic information, it will provide us an empirical measure of an individual’s sulfonator status. To the best of our knowledge, our method provides the frst standardised in vivo empirical measure of an individual’s phenol sulfonation capability and of its intraindividual variability.
    [Show full text]
  • Tanibirumab (CUI C3490677) Add to Cart
    5/17/2018 NCI Metathesaurus Contains Exact Match Begins With Name Code Property Relationship Source ALL Advanced Search NCIm Version: 201706 Version 2.8 (using LexEVS 6.5) Home | NCIt Hierarchy | Sources | Help Suggest changes to this concept Tanibirumab (CUI C3490677) Add to Cart Table of Contents Terms & Properties Synonym Details Relationships By Source Terms & Properties Concept Unique Identifier (CUI): C3490677 NCI Thesaurus Code: C102877 (see NCI Thesaurus info) Semantic Type: Immunologic Factor Semantic Type: Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein Semantic Type: Pharmacologic Substance NCIt Definition: A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), with potential antiangiogenic activity. Upon administration, tanibirumab specifically binds to VEGFR2, thereby preventing the binding of its ligand VEGF. This may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. VEGFR2 is a pro-angiogenic growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase expressed by endothelial cells, while VEGF is overexpressed in many tumors and is correlated to tumor progression. PDQ Definition: A fully human monoclonal antibody targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), with potential antiangiogenic activity. Upon administration, tanibirumab specifically binds to VEGFR2, thereby preventing the binding of its ligand VEGF. This may result in the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and a decrease in tumor nutrient supply. VEGFR2 is a pro-angiogenic growth factor receptor
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of the Effects of Pain and Analgesia on Immune System Function and Inflammation: Relevance for Preclinical Studies
    Comparative Medicine Vol 69, No 6 Copyright 2019 December 2019 by the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science Pages 520–534 Overview A Review of the Effects of Pain and Analgesia on Immune System Function and Inflammation: Relevance for Preclinical Studies George J DeMarco1* and Elizabeth A Nunamaker2 One of the most significant challenges facing investigators, laboratory animal veterinarians, and IACUCs, is how to bal- ance appropriate analgesic use, animal welfare, and analgesic impact on experimental results. This is particularly true for in vivo studies on immune system function and inflammatory disease. Often times the effects of analgesic drugs on a particu- lar immune function or model are incomplete or don’t exist. Further complicating the picture is evidence of the very tight integration and bidirectional functionality between the immune system and branches of the nervous system involved in nociception and pain. These relationships have advanced the concept of understanding pain as a protective neuroimmune function and recognizing pathologic pain as a neuroimmune disease. This review strives to summarize extant literature on the effects of pain and analgesia on immune system function and inflammation in the context of preclinical in vivo studies. The authors hope this work will help to guide selection of analgesics for preclinical studies of inflammatory disease and immune system function. Abbreviations and acronyms: CB,Endocannabinoid receptor; CD,Crohn disease; CFA, Complete Freund adjuvant; CGRP,Calcitonin gene-related
    [Show full text]