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REPORT NO. 264 PARLIAMENT OF INDIA RAJYA SABHA DEPARTMENT-RELATED PARLIAMENTARY STANDING COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS TWO HUNDRED SIXTY FOURTH REPORT Environmental Issues in Mumbai and Visakhapatnam (Presented to the Rajya Sabha on the 21st July, 2015) (Laid on the Table of Lok Sabha on the 22nd July, 2015) Rajya Sabha Secretariat, New Delhi July, 2015/Ashadha, 1937 (Saka) Hindi version of this publication is also available PARLIAMENT OF INDIA RAJYA SABHA DEPARTMENT-RELATED PARLIAMENTARY STANDING COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS TWO HUNDRED SIXTY FOURTH REPORT Environmental Issues in Mumbai and Vishakhapatanam (Presented to the Rajya Sabha on 21st July, 2015) (Laid on the Table of the Lok Sabha on 22nd July, 2015) Rajya Sabha Secretariat, New Delhi July, 2015/Ashadha, 1937 (Saka) Website: http://rajyasabha.nic.in E-mail: [email protected] C O N T E N T S PAGES 1. COMPOSITION OF THE COMMITTEE .......................................................... (i) 2. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ (iii) 3. ACRONYMS ....................................................................................... (v) 4. REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ...................................................................... 1–13 5. RECOMMENDATIONS/OBSERVATIONS – AT A GLANCE.......................................... 14–16 6. MINUTES ................................................................................................ 17–22 7. ANNEXURES ............................................................................................ 23–26 COMPOSITION OF THE COMMITTEE (Constituted on 1st September, 2014) 1. Shri Ashwani Kumar –– Chairman RAJYA SABHA 2. Shri Anil Madhav Dave 3. Shri Prem Chand Gupta 4. Shri C.P. Narayanan 5. Shri Paul Manoj Pandian 6. Dr. T. Subbarami Reddy 7. Shri Arvind Kumar Singh 8. Shri Bhupinder Singh 9. Shrimati Bimla Kashyap Sood 10. Shri Ronald Sapa Tlau LOK SABHA 11. Shri Badruddin Ajmal 12. Shri Muzaffar Hussain Beig 13. Shrimati Bijoya Chakravarty 14. Shri Pankaj Chaudhary 15. Shri Prabhatsinh Pratapsinh Chauhan 16. Kum. Sushmita Dev 17. Shri Ninong Ering 18. Shri Laxman Giluwa 19. Dr. K. Gopal 20. Shri Daddan Mishra 21. Shri Shivaji Adhalrao Patil 22. Shri Nana Patole 23. Shri Nagendra Kumar Pradhan 24. Shri Harinarayan Rajbhar 25. Shrimati Sandhya Roy 26. Shri Kirti Vardhan Singh 27. Shri Nagendra Singh 28. Shrimati Renuka Sinha 29. Shri Vikram Usendi 30. Shrimati Vasanthi M. *31. Shri Chirag Paswan * Nominated w.e.f. 25th March, 2015. (i) (ii) SECRETARIAT Shri M.K. Khan, Joint Secretary Shri Rohtas, Director Shri V.S.P. Singh, Joint Director Shri Rajiv Saxena, Assistant Director INTRODUCTION I, the Chairman of the Department-related Parliamentary Standing Committee on Science and Technology, Environment and Forests, having been authorized by the Committee to present the report on its behalf, present this Two Hundred and Sixty-fourth Report on “Environmental issues in Mumbai and Visakhapatnam”. 2. During its study visit to Mumbai and Visakhapatnam from 30th January to 2nd February, 2015, the Committee heard the views of the officers of the Central Government and State Governments of Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh and Experts and Civil Society Organisations/ NGOs on ‘Environmental issues in Mumbai and Visakhapatnam’. 3. The Committee expresses its thanks to the officers of the Central Government and State Governments of Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh and Experts and Civil Society Organisations/ NGOs for rendering their valuable views/replies to clarifications sought by the Committee. 4. In its meeting held on 9th July, 2015, the Committee considered the draft report and adopted the same. NEW DELHI; ASHWANI KUMAR 9th July, 2015 Chairman, Ashadha 18, 1937 (Saka) Department-related Parliamentary Standing Committee on Science and Technology, Environment and Forests Rajya Sabha. (iii) (iv) ACRONYMS MHADA – Maharashtra Housing and Area Development Authority CIDCO – City and Industrial Development Corporation of Maharashtra Ltd. BMC – Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation NGOS – Non Governmental Organisations CRZ – Coastal Regulation Zone MSDP-II – Mumbai Severage Disposable Project-II BOD – Biological Oxygen Demand SSL – Suspended Solid Levels MoEF&CC – Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change NDRF – National Disaster Response Force APPCB – Andhra Pradesh Pollution Control Board INSWAREB – Institute for Solid Waste Research and Ecological Balance GVMC – Greater Visakha Municipal Corporation REPORT .0 Pollution and environmental degradation is affecting all but its adverse effect is more in metropolitan cities and many of the Tier-II cities. In that context, the Department-related Parlia- mentary Standing Committee on Science and Technology, Environment and Forests took up the subject of pollution levels of some of the metropolitan and Tier-II cities of the country for its examination and report. The Committee undertook study visit to Mumbai and Visakhapatnam from 30th January to 2nd February, 2015 to study the pollution index of these two coastal cities. Mumbai 2. In Mumbai, the Committee on 30th January, 2015 started its business by holding interaction with civil society organizations and NGOs on urbanization vis-à-vis pollution in Maharashtra in general and Mumbai in particular. A list of NGOs and civil society organisations that appeared before the Committee is appended at Annexure-I. Separately, the Committee also interacted with Principal Secretary, Environment; Principal Secretary, Maharashtra Urban Development Department; Vice-President, Maharashtra Housing and Area Development Authority (MHADA); Chairman, Maharashtra Pollution Control Board; Managing Director, City and Industrial Development Corporation of Maharashtra Ltd. (CIDCO); Principal Secretary, Town Planning Government of Maharashtra; Commissioner, Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC); Chairmen, Jawahar Lal Nehru and Mumbai Port Trusts and representatives of Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change on the subject. 3. The Chairman while initiating discussion pointed out that challenge of rising population, haphazard urbanization, growing industrialization, and depleting natural resources, that the city of Mumbai is facing. While Government agencies/authorities viz. BMC, CIDCO, MHADA, MMRDA, etc. had been doing their bit to address these issues, the moot point remained whether those efforts had been effective enough and what more was required to be done. He emphasized the need, of revisiting the efficacy of existing policies and implementation. 4. He also emphasised on the need for solid waste management, special attention to sewerage systems, encroachment of wetlands and forest areas, noise and vehicular pollution, air quality, urban planning and need to adhere to the discipline of the relevant rules and regulations. 5. Representatives of Non-Governmental Orgnisations (NGOs)/Civil Society Organisations raised a number of issues pertaining to environmental status and urban planning of Mumbai. Some of the views expressed by the NGOs are as follows:- (i) Representative of The Energy Research Institute (Western Region Centre) stated that urbanization is important but it has to be sustainable. She argued that to feed the population living in metropolitan areas it is required to have agricultural areas and free spaces near them. Careful planning is needed before setting up new colonies. Additionally, encroachment near water bodies should be stopped as it will lead to severe water crisis in the urban areas in coming years. She was of the view that authorities should have plans to develop water bodies. 1 2 (ii) Representative of Hariyali NGO also emphasized on the need to developed water bodies. (iii) Representative of World Wild Life Fund for Nature, Maharashtra State office stated that people have to be made aware about the environment protection. Small changes in lifestyle can impact the environment. (iv) Representative of Sahyadri Nisarg Mitra was of the view that every individual should solve his solid waste problem and awareness needs to be spread in that regard especially in smaller cities. He also suggested improving Mandoli bio- diversity area as eco-tourism spot with conservation programme. (v) Representative of Ela Foundation made a power point presentation on the problems arising out of urbanization in Mumbai and Pune. He spoke about the Environmental, cultural and ideological pollution. He also spoke about territory hazards particularly on aviation hazard near Airports, Mangrove ecosystem; toxic and plastic waste affecting birds and fisheries. He suggested that mass media should be used more effectively to create awareness on that issue in collaboration with the Government. (vi) Representative of Awaaz Foundation raised issues relating to noise pollution stating that noise pollution adversely affected health. She also highlighted increase in cases relating to road rage in urban areas. She argued that noise pollution is a major health hazard. Noise during festival celebration is also a health hazard. Areas should be earmarked for these kinds of celebrations. Licenses should be given for these functions. It was suggested by her that national parks should be declared silence zone. Strict Implementation of the laws needed. She also suggested creating a new organization with overriding powers to tackle the problem of pollution in Mumbai. She added that noise pollution requires equal attention under Swachchha