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the CITY of PORTSMOUTH New Hampshire FFIIRREE DDEEPPAARRTTMMEENNTT 5th Edition Historical Notes of Fires, Firefighters, Apparatus, and Events June 1696 through December 2015 Portsmouth Fire Department January 2016 Historical Notes City of Portsmouth Fire Department Introduction This collection of historical notes celebrates the spirit and traditions of the City of Portsmouth Fire Department. Contained here is the most extensive history compiled on the department to date. Throughout these pages one will explore events, people, circumstances and technologies that when woven together create the rich and remarkable story of the state’s oldest fire department. Also included are accounts that speak to the character of the firefighters and the community they have dedicated themselves to protect. It should be noted that not every event or account of the department is included, and there will be firemen and historians, past and present, that will note absent pieces of the story. Nevertheless, the notes of fires, firefighters, apparatus, and events chronicled within these pages should provide an exceptional historical representation of the City of Portsmouth Fire Department. Unless otherwise referenced, information was obtained through department records and city reports. Steven E. Achilles, Fire Chief January 7, 2016 1 Historical Notes City of Portsmouth Fire Department 1696 June 26 - First recorded fire in Portsmouth. Indians attacked the settlement at Portsmouth Plains and killed fourteen people, burned five houses and nine barns, and took several captives. (Adams, N., 1825) 1704 October 31- The Rev. Mr. Rogers' house, accidentally took fire in the night, and was entirely consumed together with most of his furniture. Mrs. Ellison, the aged mother of Mrs. Rogers, was so much burnt that she survived but a few weeks. A female infant child of Mr. Rogers, seventeen months old, and a negro woman, perished in the flames. (Adams, N., 1825) 1728 January 22- The house of Robert Metlin, situated on King's (now Congress) street, accidentally took fire and was entirely consumed, together with a great part of his stock of flour, and the clothing of himself and family. The great exertions of the inhabitants prevented the fire from spreading. (Adams, N., 1825) The dwelling house of Mr. George Walker, accidentally took fire, and was entirely consumed with all his furniture and clothing. (Adams, N., 1825) 1738 Congress Block – a house occupied by Robert Macklin, the old baker, was destroyed by fire. Soon after the fire a part of the old meetinghouse at the South Mill-dam was removed to this spot and converted into a dwelling by John Newmarch. (Gurney, 1902) 1739 Cities Town Paper IX, 698 request for a law for the inspection of old houses and chimneys. 1740 The farm house built by Henry Sherburne and Tobias Langdon on Elwyn road was destroyed by fire. Another was rebuilt on the site by John Langdon, father of Governor Langdon. (Gurney, 1902) 1744 January 17 - The ship of war, the Astrea, accidentally took fire and was entirely consumed. The Astrea was a twenty-gun ship, was riding at anchor in the Pool, and taking in a cargo of naval stores, destined for the use of the British fleet at Jamaica. The morning when the accident took place, was severely cold, and her distance from the town, rendered it impossible for assistance to reach her in season. The Pool is a broad sheet of deep still water, situated between the upper end of Great-Island, and the town on the southerly side of the river, with good anchoring ground. (Adams, N., 1825) March 26 - A Committee was established to purchase a “New Ingine”. Twenty Pounds for the purchase were made available through Capt. Eben Wentworth. (Portsmouth Town Records) 1745 The residence of Richard Waldron, Secretary of the Province, at the Plains was destroyed by fire along with the probate court and other valuable records that were in his keeping. (Adams, N., 1825) 2 Historical Notes City of Portsmouth Fire Department 1748 March 25- At the cry of fire, the sexton was to ring the bell as fast as he can for a short while, then tole about 15 strikes, then ring and tole in succession until the fire was out or ordered to stop by the selectmen. (Portsmouth Town Records) 1756 March 25-Voted 40 pounds sterling for a fire engine. (Portsmouth Town Records) September 13- A special town meeting was called to consider the best measures “to extinguish and prevent the spreading of fire in any building” and to “regulate the labour and proceeding of people assembled on such occasions.” Voted that the Select Men procure six fire hooks, 12 leather buckets, and six axes “with long helves” and that the Select Men take proper steps in order to have a Law to regulate the Fire Officers. (Portsmouth Town Records) The first 12 Fire Officers (Firewards) elected on that date were Major John Hale, John Shackford, Tomas Wibird Esq., Robert Trail, George Marshall, John Sherburne, Coll. Theodore Atkinson Esq., John Griffin, Joseph Alcock, Andrew Clarkson, and James Stoodley Jr. 1758 May 2 – Joseph Cotton excused from serving as tythingman (early police officer) since he had been taking care of the engine for three years. (Portsmouth Town Records) The provincial legislature passed legislation for organizing firefighting throughout the colony of New Hampshire. Towns were authorized to form fire companies and elect officials to oversee these companies. The legislation also established fixed penalties for refusing to comply with impressment by “fire wards” and for looting. (Sundberg, J., 1983) The (Old) State House was constructed in the middle of the parade (Market Square). When first built, the easterly room was appropriated for the Council Chamber, the middle for the House of Representatives, and the west for the Court of Common Law. Afterward the Masons had the eastern chamber and the Fire Companies another room, while the Fire Department was in the lower story, which consisted of one immense room. In the attic were several convenient committee rooms.. (Gurney, 1902) 1760 March 25 – Town meeting; Firewards were required to inspect chimneys suspected to be bad chimneys. Those employed by the firewards to care for the engines were excused from elected offices. (Portsmouth Town Records) 1761 Town authorized Firewards to inspect all buildings for fire hazards and to assess penalties if not resolved or corrected within thirty days. Additionally, each home was required to have a ladder high enough to reach the ridge-pole. If the home was two stories and had a minimum of four fireplaces, the owner was required to posses at least one leather bucket in an easily accessible location. (Portsmouth Town Records 3 Historical Notes City of Portsmouth Fire Department 1761 January 25 – On a Sunday morning a fire broke out in a barber's shop in King's-street, which communicated to the house of Mr. James Stoodly, innholder, and raged with such fury as in two hours to consume his house, barn, and other out-houses. Its progress was then arrested by the exertions of the inhabitants. ( Adams, N., 1825) March 17- The United Fire Society was instituted. Each man brought two leather buckets, a bed wrench, a large four bushel cloth bag and a long handled mop. (Box Club of North Church, 1907) 1762 March 25- Another fire engine ordered to be bought, cost not to equal 60 pounds. (Portsmouth Town Records) March 25- voted that “there shall be a house built for to keep the new engine in”. (Portsmouth Town Records) August 1- Friendly Fire Society formed. (Box Club of North Church, 1907) A barn belonging to the Rev. Samuel Langdon, situated near his house, accidentally took fire and was consumed. (Adams, N., 1825) 1763 April- The town owned three fire engines: First contained 50 gallons, discharged 50 gallons-37 yards-in one minute. Second contained 120 gallons, discharged 120 gallons-45 yards- in one minute. Third contained 196 gallons, and discharged same-52 yards –in one minute. (Portsmouth Town Records) April 3 – On a Sunday night, between twelve and one o'clock, a distressing fire happened, which entirely consumed the dwelling house occupied by Mr. John Wendell, merchant, situated on the street leading over Canoe-Bridge. The noise of the flames awoke him, and he discovered the fire raging beyond the hopes of extinguishing it. By the judicious management of the engines, and the alertness of the inhabitants, the buildings on each side, though not more than ten feet distant, were preserved. ( Adams, N., 1825) 1764 March 26 – As usual, those employed by the firewards to care for the engines were excused from elected offices and also “excused from working upon the high ways. (Portsmouth Town Records) 1767 April 7 – Voted that the Selectmen provide a house for the large engine. (Portsmouth Town Records) 1771 Voted that Capt. Woodbury Langdon, Capt. John Parker and Mr. John Pickering be and hereby a Committee to apply to a general assembly for an act in addition to an act for extinguishing fire, in particular for a penalty for those who refuse to obey Firewards when attending fire. (Portsmouth Town Records) 4 Historical Notes City of Portsmouth Fire Department 1773 March 25 – Voted that the Selectmen apply for a law to regulate keeping powder in private houses. (Portsmouth Town Records) April 22 – If the province does not build a powder house, the town will do so, to ensure “that the inhabitants of this town may no longer run the amazing resque of losing life and property in case of a fire.” (Portsmouth Town Records) 1775 March 25 - The town directed the selectmen to purchase a fire-engine at the charge of the town, the price not to exceed forty pounds sterling.
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