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A New Species of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) from Chapada

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A New Species of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) from Chapada A New Species of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) from Chapada dos Veadeiros (Central Brazil) Author(s): Paulo Cesar Baleeiro Souza and Claudia Petean Bove Source: Systematic Botany, 36(2):465-469. 2011. Published By: The American Society of Plant Taxonomists URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1600/036364411X569642 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is an electronic aggregator of bioscience research content, and the online home to over 160 journals and books published by not-for-profit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Systematic Botany (2011), 36(2): pp. 465–469 © Copyright 2011 by the American Society of Plant Taxonomists DOI 10.1600/036364411X569642 A New Species of Utricularia (Lentibulariaceae) from Chapada dos Veadeiros (Central Brazil) Paulo Cesar Baleeiro Souza 1, 2 and Claudia Petean Bove 1 1 Laboratório de Plantas Aquáticas, Departamento de Botânica, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, Rio de Janeiro 20940-040, Brazil 2 Author for correspondence ( [email protected] ) Communicating Editor: Kenneth M. Cameron Abstract— A new species, Utricularia densiflora , from the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) is described and illustrated. This species was found growing at the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, and is distinguished from the other species in the genus by the presence of several rudi- mentary (or dormant) floral buds, sessile glands in the peduncle, and highly congested inflorescence. Utricularia densiflora is here consid- ered a member of section Oligocista and is morphologically similar to U. erectiflora and U. meyeri. A key of the Utricularia species inhabiting the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park is provided. Resumo— Uma nova espécie, Utricularia densiflora , do Cerrado brasileiro é descrita e ilustrada. Essa espécie foi encontrada no Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros. Distingue-se das demais espécies do gênero pela presença de muitos botões florais rudimentares (ou dormentes), glândulas sésseis no pedúnculo e inflorescência altamente congesta. Utricularia densiflora é aqui considerada membro da seção Oligocista e morfologicamente semelhante à U. erectiflora e U. meyeri . É disponibilizada uma chave de identificação das espécies ocorrentes no Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros. Keywords— aquatic plant , Brazil , Cerrado , Chapada dos Veadeiros , new species , taxonomy. Utricularia L. is the largest genus of Lentibulariaceae and all light microscope (LM) with capture system composed by camera Q, carnivorous plants, with species distributed worldwide and color 5 and software Image Pro-Express. The seed surface was air- dried, mounted and coated with a gold-palladium (40–60%), and then diversified in tropical regions ( Taylor 1989 ; Jobson et al. 2003 ; observed using a Jeol JSM 6390 LV Scanning Electron Microscope Müller and Borsch 2005 ; Guisande et al. 2007 ). According to (SEM); both process at the Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), the Brazilian species list of Lentibulariaceae undertaken by Brazil. Miranda and Rivadavia (2010) , Utricularia is represented by 67 species, distributed among various biomes, ca. 48 species Taxonomic Treatment occurring in the Brazilian Cerrado vegetation. Since Taylor’s Utricularia densiflora Baleeiro & C. P. Bove, sp. nov.—TYPE: monograph (1989) , a single new species, U. cochleata C. P. BRAZIL. Goiás: Município de Alto Paraíso de Goiás, Bove, has been described for this domain ( Bove 2008 ). The Parque Nacional Chapada dos Veadeiros, Serra da Baleia, Cerrado is a hotspot for conservation due to its great biologi- 1,100 m, 3 Jun 2009, P. C. Baleeiro 21, C. P. Bove 2020, cal diversity and high endemic index (ca. 44% of the species), A. L. R. Oliveira & R. Couto (hototype: R!; isotypes: K!, but unfortunately it has lost about 55% of their original terri- SPF!). tory due to human impacts ( Klink and Machado 2005 ), with only small areas under protection, such as the Chapada dos Hidrostadia herbacea. Utriculi foliis, stolonibus, ramis et Veadeiros National Park (State of Goiás), created in 1961 and rhizoideis. Inflorescentia erecta, satis congesta, scapo variis which has been recognized by UNESCO as a World Natural glandulis essilibus, racemo ca. 15 floribus flavis, ca. 5 mm Heritage Site since December 2001. This Park is a high- longis; ca. 20 alabastris abortivis subintelectis unusquodque land complex of 65,514 ha with altitudes ranging from 500– bractea, inflorescentiae mox infra. 1,650 m ( Munhoz and Felfili 2006 ). The region is composed Hydrophytic herb. Rhizoids few or many 2–6, from the by many diverse habitats, such as open fields (grasslands) base of the peduncle, filiform, 5–32 × 0.2–0.4 mm, bearing and swampy areas near streams lined with the palm tree papillose branches up to 8 mm long, sometimes branched. Mauritia flexuosa L. f., a habitat known regionally as “vere- Stolons numerous, filiform, branched, up to 8 cm long, ca. das.” While undertaking a floristic survey of Utricularia in 0.2 mm thick. Leaves from the stolons, peduncle base and the Cerrado, a new Utricularia species was found and is here rhizoids, petiolate, lamina linear to narrowly obovate, apex described. rounded, 1-nerved; up to 18 × 1 mm. Traps numerous on the leaves, stolons, stolon branches, rhizoids and rhiz- Materials and Methods oid branches, globose, sometimes with a prominent ven- tral, chin-like swelling, ca. 1 mm long, subsessile or stalked, The type specimen described below is deposited as spirit in R, mouth basal with double, conical, dorsal appendages, outer SPF and K (acronyms after Thiers 2010 ). General morphology and measurements were undertaken with a stereoscope and light micro- surface of the trap papillose, trap interior with bifid glands. scope. A paradermic section of the peduncle was done for sessile Inflorescence with spirally arranged bracts and flowers, ca. glands visualization. The image was obtained by a Olympus BX – 51 10 cm long. Peduncle sometimes sparsely branched below, 465 466 SYSTEMATIC BOTANY [Volume 36 terete, 1 mm thick, bearing numerous sessile glands densely Conservation Status— According to the IUCN ( IUCN 2001 ) concentrated near the base. Scales ca. 3, ovate, apex acute, U. densiflora is here classified as Near Threatened (NT). 0.6–1.0 × 0.3–0.5 mm. Rudimentary (or dormant) buds below the lowermost opened flower, (7–)15–23 congested above Discussion and becoming lax towards peduncle base. Bracts strongly convex, margins curved inwards, broadly ovate with apex Oligocista A. DC. is the largest section in the genus Utricularia acute or acuminate, 1.8 × 1.5 mm. Bracteoles linear, 0.7 × 0.2 (37 species), but only a few species occur in the neotropics (six mm. Calyx lobes unequal, ovate, upper lobe 2.0 × 1.0 mm, species). Utricularia densiflora is here considered a member of apex rounded, lower lobe 1.8 × 1.2 mm, apex acute. Corolla this section, due to its galeate lower lip corolla, divergent pale yellow, 0.5 mm long. Filaments almost straight, 0.6 mm spur, calyx lobes subsimilar enclosing the capsule, external long, anther thecae distinct, 0.3 mm long. Ovary globose, morphology and internal glands of the traps, and pollen mor- 0.4 mm long, style very minute, stigma lower lip semicir- phology. Additional features include simple leaves, basifixed cular, upper lip inconspicuous. Flowers 5–16, located above relatively broad bracts, bracteoles present, and seed morphol- the rudimentary buds, densely congested, pedicel erect, fili- ogy ( Fig. 2B ). Utricularia densiflora is morphologically most form, 1.7 mm long. Bracts basifixed, ovate to widely ovate, similar to U. erectiflora and U. meyeri due to the upper corolla with apex acute 1.5–3 × 1–2 mm. Bracteoles lanceolate to nar- lobe shape, involute calyx margin, with decurrent base, and rowly ovate, ca. 1.0 × 0.4 mm. Calyx lobes subsimilar, decur- narrow leaf lamina with rounded apex. The lower corolla lobe rent at the base, green with winy apex, accrescent enclosing of U. densiflora resembles that of U. meyeri, which has less con- the capsule, margins strongly involute, obscurely nerved; gested inflorescences. Utricularia densiflora is unique in having lower lobe ovate, apex obtuse, 3 × 2.3 mm, upper lobe widely rudimentary buds subtended by bracts along the peduncle; ovate with apex acute or acuminate, 3 × 3 mm. Corolla yel- strongly congested raceme, numerous sessile glands near the low, 3–5 mm long; upper lip oblong, constricted near the peduncle base ( Fig. 2A ) becoming scarce towards the apex; center, apex rounded or slightly truncate, entire; lower lip spur as long as the lower calyx lobe and rhizoid branches galeate, approximately circular in outline, slightly swol- somewhat ramified ( Table 1 ). len near the base, entire or emarginated apex. Palate with The rhizoids in Utricularia densiflora are the biggest of the a raised, microscopically ciliate rim. Spur subulate, curved section (up to 3.5 cm long while those of U. meyeri Pilg. are upwards, with acute apex as long as the lower calyx lobe. up to 2 cm long); interestingly, these rhizoids branch pro- Filaments almost straight, 1.1 mm long, anther thecae dis- fusely, a rare feature in the genus. In section Oligocista branch- tinct, 0.8 mm long. Pollen 4–5-colporate. Ovary globose; ing rhizoids are only seen to a lesser degree in U. letestui style short; stigma bilabiate, lower lip semicircular, recurved, P. Taylor ( Taylor 1989 ). Presumably the size of the rhizoids upper lip similar but smaller. Capsule globose, glabrous, up and the number of branches enhance the anchoring function to 2.3 mm.
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