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Wickrematunge V. Republic of Sri Lanka
Communication to the Human Rights Committee Submitted Pursuant to the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights AHIMSA WICKREMATUNGE for herself and on behalf of LASANTHA WICKREMATUNGE Victims ― v. ― DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA, Respondent INITIAL SUBMISSION Nushin Sarkarati Catherine Amirfar Carmen Cheung Natalie L. Reid CENTER FOR JUSTICE & Elizabeth Nielsen ACCOUNTABILITY Duncan Pickard One Hallidie Plaza, Suite 750 Alyssa T. Yamamoto San Francisco, CA 94102 Sebastian Dutz United States Samantha B. Singh DEBEVOISE & PLIMPTON LLP 919 Third Avenue New York, NY 10022 United States 8 January 2021 CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 1 A. The Authors and Victims .............................................. 1 B. Request to Prioritize the Case ....................................... 1 II. FACTS ........................................................................................ 1 A. Country Context ........................................................... 2 B. The Victims’ Story ....................................................... 6 III. THIS COMMUNICATION IS ADMISSIBLE .......................... 15 IV. SRI LANKA HAS VIOLATED THE COVENANT ................. 18 A. Right to Life (Article 6) .............................................. 18 B. Right to Freedom from Torture or Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Article 7)...... 20 C. Rights to Freedom of Expression and Opinion and Non- Discrimination -
Tides of Violence: Mapping the Sri Lankan Conflict from 1983 to 2009 About the Public Interest Advocacy Centre
Tides of violence: mapping the Sri Lankan conflict from 1983 to 2009 About the Public Interest Advocacy Centre The Public Interest Advocacy Centre (PIAC) is an independent, non-profit legal centre based in Sydney. Established in 1982, PIAC tackles barriers to justice and fairness experienced by people who are vulnerable or facing disadvantage. We ensure basic rights are enjoyed across the community through legal assistance and strategic litigation, public policy development, communication and training. 2nd edition May 2019 Contact: Public Interest Advocacy Centre Level 5, 175 Liverpool St Sydney NSW 2000 Website: www.piac.asn.au Public Interest Advocacy Centre @PIACnews The Public Interest Advocacy Centre office is located on the land of the Gadigal of the Eora Nation. TIDES OF VIOLENCE: MAPPING THE SRI LANKAN CONFLICT FROM 1983 TO 2009 03 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................................... 09 Background to CMAP .............................................................................................................................................09 Report overview .......................................................................................................................................................09 Key violation patterns in each time period ......................................................................................................09 24 July 1983 – 28 July 1987 .................................................................................................................................10 -
"Her Body, Her Right"?: Interrogating the Discourse on Abortion in Sri Lanka' Carmen Wickramagamage
Sri Lanka Journal of Social Sciences 2004 27(1&2): 17-59 "HER BODY, HER RIGHT"?: INTERROGATING THE DISCOURSE ON ABORTION IN SRI LANKA' CARMEN WICKRAMAGAMAGE Abstract This paper calls attention to an issue, abortion, that requires the urgent attention of those interested in the reproductive health indicators of women. The author's investigation of the issue arises from three particular phenomena: a) the high incidence of back-alley abortions in Sri Lanka; b) the failed attempt in1995 by .d the People's Alliance government to liberalise the restrictive law on abortion; and c) the media campaign of the Women's NGO Forum in 1999 to generated a public debate on the issue. The paper begins with an analysis of both how and why abortion has come to be such a key issue in discussions on and debates around women's rights and women's reproductive health across the globe and argues for considering it a vital reproductive health issue in Sri Lanka as well. It then critically interrogates the vocabulary deployed by the Women's NGO Forum to initiate a debate in Sri Lanka and proposes an alternative grammar of communication that might better suit the particular socio-cultural context and better address the issues at hand. This paper offers theoretical interventions into an issue, abortion, that requires the urgent attention and intervention of all policy planners, family planning service providers, health care professionals, and women's rights activists interested in the reproductive health indicators of women. My reflections on and interrogation of the Abortion Question arise from three particular phenomena: a) the reportedly high incidence of back-allgy (i.e., illegal) abortions in Sri Lanka; b) the absence of political will among Sri Lankan parliamentarians as demonstrated in 1995 when they f~&dto make even minimal amendments to the archaic, lgth century, law on abortion to bring it into line with present day realities; c) the attempts by the Women's NGO Forum in 1999 to generate a debate on the Abortion Question through the media, i.e., a television and newspaper, campaign. -
Dendro Power for Industrial Printing Press at Wijeya Newspapers Ltd
M Sc Thesis Project in SEE Dendro Power for Industrial Printing Press at Wijeya Newspapers Ltd. Sri Lanka Piladuwa Parana Hewage Janaka Aruna Rathnakumara Master of Science Thesis KTH School of Industrial Engineering and Management Energy Technology EGI_2016-103 MSC EKV1173 Division of Heat and Power Technology SE- 100 44 Stockholm 2 MW Dendro Power Feasibility Report 1 M Sc Thesis Project in SEE Master of Science Thesis EGI_2016-103 MSC EKV1173 Dendro Power for Industrial Print- ing Press at Wijeya Newspapers Ltd. Sri Lanka Piladuwa Parana Hewage Janaka Aruna Rathnakumara Approved Date: Examiner: Supervisor: December 21st, 2016 Assist. professor Peter Hagström Assist. professor Peter Hagström Dr. N.S. Senanayake Eng. Ruchira Abeyweera Commissioner: Contact person: Piladuwa Parana Hewage Janaka Aruna Rathnakumara 2 MW Dendro Power Feasibility Report 2 M Sc Thesis Project in SEE Abstract Wijeya Newspapers Limited (WNL) is one of the leading newspaper and magazine publish- ers in Sri Lanka. The company has their main factory (printing plant) located at Hokandara which is 15 km from Colombo City. Total power requirement of the factory is 3000 kVA (2.4 MW) and the Company’s annual energy demand is 3.8 GWh which is currently sup- plied by the Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB). As a strategy of the higher management, the company is moving in to renewable power generation projects such as biomass, solar and wind energy in addition to their existing energy conservation and management practices in the factory. In order to fulfil the vision of WNL, a 2 MW alternative green and clean bio- mass energy generation facility is going to be installed as the first pilot energy project of the company. -
PE 2020 MR 82 S.Pdf
Election Commission – Sri Lanka Parliamentary Election - 05.08.2020 Registered electronic media to disseminate certified election results Last Updated Online Social Media No Organization TV FM Publishers(News Other News Websites (FB/ SMS Paper Web Sites) YouTube/ Twitter) 1 Telshan Network TNL TV - - - - - (Pvt) Ltd 2 Smart Network - - - www.lankasri.lk - - (Pvt) Ltd 3 Bhasha Lanka (Pvt) - - - www.helakuru.lk - - Ltd 4 Digital Content - - - www.citizen.lk - - (Pvt) Ltd 5 Ceylon News - - www.mawbima.lk, - - - Papers (Pvt) Ltd www.ceylontoday.lk Independent ITN, Lakhanda, www.itntv.lk, ITN Sri Lanka 6 Television Network Vasantham TV Vasantham - www.itnnews.lk (FB) - Ltd FM Lakhanda Radio (FB) Sri Lanka City FM 7 Broadcasting - - - - - Corporation (SLBC) Asia Broadcasting Hiru FM. 8 Corparation Hiru TV Shaa FM, www.hirunews.lk, Sooriyan FM, - www.hirugossip.lk - - Sun FM, Gold FM 9 Asset Radio Broadcasting (Pvt) - Neth FM - www.nethnews.lk NethFM(FB) - Ltd 1/4 File Online Number Organization TV FM Publishers(News Other News Websites Social Media SMS Paper Web Sites) Asian Media 10 Publications (Pvt) ltd - - www.thinakkural.lk - - - 11 EAP Broadcasting Swarnavahini Shree FM, - www.swarnavahini.lk, - - Company Ran FM www.athavannews.com 12 Voice of Asia Siyatha TV Siyatha FM - - - - Network (Pvt)Ltd Star tamil TV MTV Channel (Pvt) Sirasa TV, Sirasa FM, News 1st (FB), News 1st SMS 13 Ltd / MBC Shakthi TV, Shakthi FM, News 1st (S,T,E), Networks (Pvt) Ltd TV1 Yes FM, - www.newsfirst.lk (Youtube), KIKI mobile YFM, News 1st App Legends FM (Twitter) -
Family Planning in Ceylon1
1 [This book chapter authored by Shelton Upatissa Kodikara, was transcribed by Dr. Sachi Sri Kantha, Tokyo, from the original text for digital preservation, on July 20, 2021.] FAMILY PLANNING IN CEYLON1 by S.U. Kodikara Chapter in: The Politics of Family Planning in the Third World, edited by T.E.Smith, George Allen & Unwin Ltd., London, 1973, pp 291-334. Note by Sachi: I provide foot note 1, at the beginning, as it appears in the published form. The remaining foot notes 2 – 235 are transcribed at the end of the article. The dots and words in italics, that appear in the text are as in the original. No deletions are made during transcription. Three tables which accompany the article are scanned separately and provided. Table 1: Ceylon: population growth, 1871-1971. Table 2: National Family Planning Programme: number of clinics and clinic-population ratio by Superintendent of Health Service (SHS) Area, 1968-9. Table 3: Ceylon: births, deaths and natural increase per 1000 persons living, by ethnic group. The Table numbers in the scans, appear as they are published in the book; Table XII, Table XIII and Table XIV. These are NOT altered in the transcribed text. Foot Note 1: In this chapter the following abbreviations are used: FPA, Family 2 Planning Association, LSSP, Lanka Samasamaja Party, MOH, Medical Officer of Health, SLFP, Sri Lanka Freedom Party; SHS, Superintendent of Health Services; UNP, United National Party. Article Proper The population of Ceylon has grown rapidly over the last 100 years, increasing more than four-fold between 1871 and 1971. -
Media Freedom in Post War Sri Lanka and Its Impact on the Reconciliation Process
Reuters Institute Fellowship Paper University of Oxford MEDIA FREEDOM IN POST WAR SRI LANKA AND ITS IMPACT ON THE RECONCILIATION PROCESS By Swaminathan Natarajan Trinity Term 2012 Sponsor: BBC Media Action Page 1 of 41 Page 2 of 41 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost, I would like to thank James Painter, Head of the Journalism Programme and the entire staff of the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism for their help and support. I am grateful to BBC New Media Action for sponsoring me, and to its former Programme Officer Tirthankar Bandyopadhyay, for letting me know about this wonderful opportunity and encouraging me all the way. My supervisor Dr Sujit Sivasundaram of Cambridge University provided academic insights which were very valuable for my research paper. I place on record my appreciation to all those who participated in the survey and interviews. I would like to thank my colleagues in the BBC, Chandana Keerthi Bandara, Charles Haviland, Wimalasena Hewage, Saroj Pathirana, Poopalaratnam Seevagan, Ponniah Manickavasagam and my good friend Karunakaran (former Colombo correspondent of the BBC Tamil Service) for their help. Special thanks to my parents and sisters and all my fellow journalist fellows. Finally to Marianne Landzettel (BBC World Service News) for helping me by patiently proof reading and revising this paper. Page 3 of 41 Table of Contents 1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 5 2 Challenges to Press Freedom -
Media-Sustainability-Index-Asia-2019-Sri-Lanka.Pdf
SRI LANKA MEDIA SUSTAINABILITY INDEX 2019 Tracking Development of Sustainable Independent Media Around the World MEDIA SUSTAINABILITY INDEX 2019 The Development of Sustainable Independent Media in Sri Lanka www.irex.org/msi Copyright © 2019 by IREX IREX 1275 K Street, NW, Suite 600 Washington, DC 20005 E-mail: [email protected] Phone: (202) 628-8188 Fax: (202) 628-8189 www.irex.org Managing editor: Linda Trail Study author: Zahrah Imtiaz, Sri Lanka Development Journalist Forum IREX Editing Support: M. C. Rasmin; Stephanie Hess Design and layout: Anna Zvarych; AURAS Design Inc. Notice of Rights: Permission is granted to display, copy, and distribute the MSI in whole or in part, provided that: (a) the materials are used with the acknowledgement “The Media Sustainability Index (MSI) is a product of IREX.”; (b) the MSI is used solely for personal, noncommercial, or informational use; and (c) no modifications of the MSI are made. Disclaimer: The opinions expressed herein are those of the panelists and other project researchers and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID, IREX, or Sri Lanka Development Journalist Forum. The 2019 Sri Lanka MSI was funded by IREX; it was produced as part of the Media Empowerment for a Democratic Sri Lanka program, funded by USAID and made possible by the support of the American people. ISSN 1546-0878 IREX Sri Lanka Development Journalist Forum IREX is a nonprofit organization that builds a more just, prosperous, and inclusive world Sri Lanka Development Journalist Forum (SDJF) is a well-established national level by empowering youth, cultivating leaders, strengthening institutions, and extending organization, with more than 7 years of experience in promoting the role of media in access to quality education and information. -
The Sri Lankan Insurgency: a Rebalancing of the Orthodox Position
THE SRI LANKAN INSURGENCY: A REBALANCING OF THE ORTHODOX POSITION A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Peter Stafford Roberts Department of Politics and History, Brunel University April 2016 Abstract The insurgency in Sri Lanka between the early 1980s and 2009 is the topic of this study, one that is of great interest to scholars studying war in the modern era. It is an example of a revolutionary war in which the total defeat of the insurgents was a decisive conclusion, achieved without allowing them any form of political access to governance over the disputed territory after the conflict. Current literature on the conflict examines it from a single (government) viewpoint – deriving false conclusions as a result. This research integrates exciting new evidence from the Tamil (insurgent) side and as such is the first balanced, comprehensive account of the conflict. The resultant history allows readers to re- frame the key variables that determined the outcome, concluding that the leadership and decision-making dynamic within the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) had far greater impact than has previously been allowed for. The new evidence takes the form of interviews with participants from both sides of the conflict, Sri Lankan military documentation, foreign intelligence assessments and diplomatic communiqués between governments, referencing these against the current literature on counter-insurgency, notably the social-institutional study of insurgencies by Paul Staniland. It concludes that orthodox views of the conflict need to be reshaped into a new methodology that focuses on leadership performance and away from a timeline based on periods of major combat. -
A Qualitative Analysis of Self-Harm and Suicide in Sri Lankan Printed Newspapers
Research Trends A Qualitative Analysis of Self-Harm and Suicide in Sri Lankan Printed Newspapers Jane Brandt Sørensen1 , Melissa Pearson2, Gregory Armstrong3, Martin Wolf Andersen1, Manjula Weerasinghe4, Keith Hawton5, and Flemming Konradsen1 1Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Denmark 2School of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, The University of Edinburgh, UK 3Nossal Institute for Global Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Australia 4Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka 5Centre for Suicide Research, University of Oxford, UK Abstract. Background: Media reporting may influence suicidal behavior. In-depth exploration of how self-harm and suicide are portrayed in newspaper articles in a middle-income country such as Sri Lanka is lacking. Aims: We aimed to explore how self-harm and suicide are portrayed in Sri Lankan printed newspapers. Method: Seven English- and Sinhala-language Sri Lankan newspapers were screened for articles reporting on self-harm and suicide (December 1, 2014 to January 31, 2015). A thematic analysis was conducted. Results: In the 78 articles identified for analysis, certain aspects were overemphasized (inappropriate behavior) and others underemphasized (alcohol and complexities of self-harm). Explanations of self-harm were one-sided and a suicide prevention narrative was lacking. Limitations: Another time-frame and inclusion of Tamil newspapers as well as social media and online publications would provide additional understanding. Conclusion: The study found an indication of simplistic reporting. Greater focus on prevention and a nuanced portrayal of self-harm could reduce stigma and imitative behavior. Keywords: self-harm, suicide, media, Sri Lanka, thematic analysis Self-harm and suicide constitute a significant global pub- rates peaked in the 1990s and have since declined (Knipe, lic health problem (World Health Organization [WHO], Chang, et al., 2017). -
A Case Study of Sri Lankan Media
C olonials, bourgeoisies and media dynasties: A case study of Sri Lankan media. Abstract: Despite enjoying nearly two centuries of news media, Sri Lanka has been slow to adopt western liberalist concepts of free media, and the print medium which has been the dominant format of news has remained largely in the hands of a select few – essentially three major newspaper groups related to each other by blood or marriage. However the arrival of television and the change in electronic media ownership laws have enabled a number of ‘independent’ actors to enter the Sri Lankan media scene. The newcomers have thus been able to challenge the traditional and incestuous bourgeois hold on media control and agenda setting. This paper outlines the development of news media in Sri Lanka, and attempts to trace the changes in the media ownership and audience. It follows the development of media from the establishment of the first state-sanctioned newspaper to the budding FM radio stations that appear to have achieved the seemingly impossible – namely snatching media control from the Wijewardene, Senanayake, Jayawardene, Wickremasinghe, Bandaranaike bourgeoisie family nexus. Linda Brady Central Queensland University ejournalist.au.com©2005 Central Queensland University 1 Introduction: Media as an imprint on the tapestry of Ceylonese political evolution. The former British colony of Ceylon has a long history of media, dating back to the publication of the first Dutch Prayer Book in 1737 - under the patronage of Ceylon’s Dutch governor Gustaaf Willem Baron van Imhoff (1736-39), and the advent of the ‘newspaper’ by the British in 1833. By the 1920’s the island nation was finding strength as a pioneer in Asian radio but subsequently became a relative latecomer to television by the time it was introduced to the island in the late1970’s. -
Journalism Training and Research in Sri Lanka
Journalism Training and Research in Sri Lanka A Report on how Sida can Support Improvement of Media Quality Stig Arne Nohrstedt Sunil Bastian Jöran Hök April 2002 SWEDISH INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION AGENCY Department for Democracy and Social Development Contents Summary...........................................................................................1 Introduction .......................................................................................2 The Assignment .................................................................................2 Background: Sri Lanka during the Last Two Decades ..........................4 1. General political development ................................................................... 4 2. Media in a conflict-ridden society .............................................................. 5 The Present Situation .........................................................................8 1. The Sri Lanka media landscape ............................................................... 8 2. Journalism Education and Research ....................................................... 13 Several Proposals for Mass Media Training and Research .................16 1. A Mass Media Institute ........................................................................... 16 2. The Thomson Report (2000) .................................................................. 16 3. The Governmental Proposal (2001)........................................................ 16 4. The Ongoing Process (2002) ..................................................................