THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL

OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

Quod si cui mortalium cordi et cur~e sit, non tantum inventis h~erere, atque iis uti, sed ad ulteriora penetrare ; atque non disputando adversarium, sed opere naturam vincere : denique non belle et probabiliter opinari, sed certo et ostensive scire; tales, tanquam veri scientiarum filii, nobis (si videbitur) se adjungant.--Novum Organum, Prqfatio.

VOLUME LXXXVIII

FOR I932

LONDON : LONGMANS, GREEN & CO. LTD. PARIS " CHARLES KLINCKSIECK~ I I RUE DE LILLE. SOLD ALSO AT THE APARTMENTS OF THE SOCIETY~ BURLINGTON HOUSE~ W.I.

I932 GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON LIST OF THE OFFICERS AND COUNCIL

Elected February 19th, 1932

PRESIDENT Sir Thomas Henry Holland, K.C.S.I.K.C.I.E.D.Se. F.R.S. VICE-PRESIDENTS Prof. Edmund Johnston Garwood, M.A. Herbert Henry Thomas, M.A. Sc.D. Se.D.F.R.S. F.R.S. John Frederick Norman Green, B.A. Prof. Willi.~m Whitehead Watts, LL.D. Walter Campbell Smith, M.C.T.D.M.A. Sc.D.M.Sc. F.R.S.

SECRETARIES Prof. William Thomas Gordon, M.A. ] Prof. Percy George Hamnall Boswell, D.Sc. F.R.S.E. [ O.B.E.D.Sc. F.R.S. FOREIGN SECRETARY Sir Arthur Smith Woodward, LL.D.F.R.S.F.L.S. TREASURER Frederick Noel Ashcroft, M.A.F.C.S. COUNCIL Frederick Noel Asheroft, M.A.F.C.S. Sir Albert Ernest Kitson, C.M.G.C.B.E. Prof. Percy George Hamnall Boswell, Emil Montag, M.Sc. O.B.E.D.Se. F.R.S. John Brooke Scrivener, I.S.O.M.A. Prof. Charles Gilbert Cullis, D.Sc. Thomas Franklin Sibly, LL.D.D.Se. Sir John Smith Flett, K.]~.E. M.A. Bernard Smith, M.A. Se.D. LL.D.D.Sc. F R.SS.L. & E. Walter Campbell Smith, M.C. T.D. Prof. Edmund Johnston Garwood, M.A. M. A. Se.D.F.R.S. Leonard Frank Spath, D.Sc. Prof. William Thomas Gordon, M.A. Herbert Henry Thomas, M.A. So. D. D.Sc. F.R.S.E. F.R.S. John Frederick Norman Green, B.A. Prof. William Whitehead Watts, LL.D. Charles William Hobley, G.M.G. Se.D.M.Sc. F.R.S. Sir Thomas Henry Holland, K.C.S.I. Leonard Johnston Wills, M.A. Se.D. K.C.I.E.D.Sc. F.R.S. Ph. D. Prof. Owen Thomas Jones, M.A.D.Sc. Lieut..Col. Sir Arnold Talbot Wilson, F.R.S. K.G.I.E.C.S.I.C.M.G.D.S.O. Prof. William Bernard Robinson King, Sir Arthur Smith Woodward, LL.D. O.B.E. bI.A. F.R.S.F.L.S.

ASSISTANT SECRETARY AND EDITOR Arthur Greig LIBRARIAN Norman Ernest Pettitt, B.Sc. CLERK LIBRARY ASSISTANT Miss M. S. Coke Miss E. D. Eastwood

Publication Committee Sir Thomas Henry Holland, President Prof. W. T. Gordon Prof. P. G. H. Boswell ~ Secretaries Mr. F. N. Asheroft, Treasurer Sir John Flett Dr. Bernard Smith Prof. E. J. Garwood Mr. W. Campbell Smith Prof. O. T. Jones Prof. W. W. Watts Sir Albert Kitson Sir Arthur Smith Woodward TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ARKELL, WILLIAM JOSCELYN. See DOUGLAS, JAMES ARCHIBALD. BOSWELL, PERCY GEORGE HAMNALL. ~ee GREENLY, EDWARD. BRAMMALL, ALFRED, & HENRY FRANCIS HARWOOD. The Dartmoor Granites : their Genetic Relationships (Plate XIII) .... 171 Cox, LESLIE REGINALD. Lamellibranchia from the Karroo Beds of the Ruhuhu Coalfields, Tanganyika Territony (Plates XXXIX & XL) ..... 623 DEWEY, HENRY. The Paleeolithic Deposits of the Lower Thames Valley 35 DOUGLAS, JAMES ARCHIBALD, & WILLIAMJOSCELYN ARKELL. The Stratigraphical Distribution of the Cornbrash : II. The North-Eastern Area (Plates X-XII) . . . 112 FITCH, ALBERT ALFRED. Contact Metamorphism in South- Eastern Dartmoor (Plates XXXVI & XXXVII) 576 FOWLER, the Rev. JOSEPH. The 'One Hundred Foot' Raised Beach between Arundel and Chichester, Sussex (Plates VIII & IX) . 84 GARDINER, CHARLES IRVING, & SIDNEY HUGH REYNOLDS. The Loch Doon' Granite' Area, Galloway (Plates I-IV) 1 GEORGE, THOMAS NEVILLE. The British Carboniferous Reticulate Spiriferidm (Plates XXXI-XXXV) . 516 GREENLY, EDWARD, & I~F~CY GEORGE HAMNALL BOSWELL. An Ordovician Grit from Anglesey, with its bearing on Palseogeography and on the Tectonics of the Mona Complex . . 297 HARWOOD, HENRY FRANCIS. See BRAMMALL, ALFRED, (~ HOLMES, ARTHUR. HAUGHTON, SIDNEY HENRY. On a Collection of Karroo Vertebrates from Tanganyika Territory . 634 HILLS, EDWIN SHERBON. Upper Devonian Fishes from New South Wales (Plates LVI & LVII) . 850 HOLMES, ARTHUR, & HENRY FRANCIS HARWOOD. Petrology of the Volcanic Fields East and South-East of Ruwen- zori, Uganda (Plates XXV & XXVI) . . 370 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE JACKSON, GERALD CHRISTOPHER ARDEN. The Geology of the N'Changa District, Northern Rhodesia (Plates XXu . . 443 KING, WILLIAM BERNARD ROBINSON. A Fossiliferous Limestone associated with Ingletonian Beds at Horton- in-Ribblesdale, Yorkshire 100 MADIGAN,CECIL THOMAS. The Geology of the Western Mac- Donnell Ranges, Central Australia (Plates XLI-XLVI) 672 MATLEY, CHARLES ALFRED. The Geology of the Country around Mynydd Rhiw and Sarn, South-Western Lleyn, Carnarvonshire (Plate XIV) . 238 REYNOLDS, SIDNEY HUGH. See GARDINER, CHARLES IRVING. RICHEY, JAMES ERNEST. The Tertiary Ring Complex of Slieve Gullion (Ireland), with Petrological Notes by H~RBERT HENRY THOMAS. (Plates LI-LV) . . 776 SEWARD, ALBERT CHARLES. Carboniferous Plants from Sinai (Plates XXI & XXII) . 350 Fossil Plants from the Bokkeveld and Witteberg i~eds of South Africa (Plates XXIII & XXIV) . 358 SMITH, BERNARD. The Glacier-Lakes of Eskdale, Miterdale, and Wasdale, Cumberland; and the Retreat of the Ice during the Main Glaciation (Plates V-VII) . 57 SMITH, WALTER CAMPBELL. See THOMAS, HERBERT HENRY. STOCKLEY, GORDON MURRAY. The Geology of the Ruhuhu Coalfields, Tanganyika Territory (Plate XXXVIII) . 610 THOMAS, HERBERT HENRY, & WALTER CAMPBELL SMITH. Xenoliths of Igneous Origin in the Tr~gastel-Plou- manac'h Granite, C6tes du Nord, France (Plates XV- XVIII) . . . 274 See also RICHEr, JAMES ERNEST. TIDMARSH, WILFRED GEORGE. The Permian Lavas of Devon (Plates XLVII-L) . . . 712 WHITTARD, WALTER FREDERICK. The Stratigraphy of the Valentian Rocks of Shropshire. The Longmynd- Shelve and Breidden Outcrops (Plates LVIII-LXII) . 859 WISEMAN, JOHN DUGDALE HOLT (communicated by Dr. Alfred Harker). A Contribution to the Petrology of the Metamorphic Rocks of East Greenland (Plates XIX & XX) . 312 PROCEEDINGS

PAGE Proceedings of the Meetings i, cxix Annual Report of the Council ix List of Donors to the Library xvii List of the Officers and Council xxvii .,. List of Foreign Members XXVlll List of Foreign Correspondents xxix List of Wollaston Medallists xxx List of Murchison Medallists xxxi List of Lyell Medallists xxxii ,., List of Bigsby Medallists . XXXlll Applications of the Prestwich Bequest and Barlow- Jameson Fund . . xxxiv Awards of the Daniel-Pidgeon Fund . xxxv Estimates for 1932 xxxvi Accounts for 1931 xxxviii Awards of the Medals and Proceeds of Funds 1 Anniversary Address of the President (Speculation and Research in Alpine Glaciology: an Historical Review), prefaced by obituary notices of Fellows deceased lxiv

BONE, WILLIAM ARTHUR Some Recent Investigations on the Maturing and Chemical Constitution of Coal cxxi DOUGLAS, GEORGE VIBERT. The General Geology of a Portion of Northern Rhodesia cxix HUME, WILLIAM FRASER. The Pre-Cambrian Rocks of Egypt" their Nature, Classification, and Cor- relation iii SHAND, S. JAMES. The Reaction between Granitic Magma and Limestone at Palabora, Transvaal . vii WAGER,LAWRENCE RICKARD. Geological Work in East Greenland during the British Arctic Air-Route Expedition, 1930-31 . . cxxiii WAYLAND, EDWARD JAMES. The Katwe Crater-Lake, Uganda . . . i DATES OF ISSUE OF VOL. LXXXVIII

Part 1 : pages 1-111, plates I-IX February 25th, 1932. Part 2 : pages 112-311, plates X-XVIII May 25th, 1932. Part 3 : pages 312-515, i--cxxv, plates XIX-XXX August 29th, 1932. Part 4 (first half) : pages516-711, plates XXXI-XLVI . November 25th, 1932. Part 4 (second half): pages 712-916, plates XLVII-LXII, title- page & index . . . December 29th, 1932. LIST OF THE FOSSILS FIGURED AND DESCRIBED IN THIS VOLUME

I m SPECIES AGE LOCALITY I PLATE IPAGE

BRACHIOPODA. Dictyothyris bournensis Rollier Y Upper Hanthorpe (Lines.) X, Sa & b 149 Cornbrash elegans sp. nov. do. Nr. Peterborough, & X, 4a & b, 5 149 Islip (Northants.) Tegulithyris bentleyi (Davidson) do. Quarrington (Lines.) X, lad, 2 150 & nr. Peterborough Cererithyriz sp. Lower Corn- Barnwell (North- XI, 10 & 10a 151 brash ants.) Ornithella [ObovothyrisJ stilton- ? Upper Scarborough XI, 8 152 ensis (Walker) Gornbrash KaUirhynchia sp. Lower Corn- Thrapston (North- X, 10a & b 152 brash ants.) -- yaxleyensis (Davidson) do. Corscombe (Dorset) X, 11 ]54 Kutchirhynchia morierei ( David- ? Beds below Rushden (North- X, 9a & b 154 son) Cornbrash ants.) Burmirhynehia leedaii (David-' Cornbrash Scarborough X, 6 154 --fusca sp. nov. Upper Newton Dale X, 7a& b 155 Cornbrash (Vorks.) Rhynchonelloidea in flata sp. nov. do. Thrapston (North- X, 8a-e 156 ants.) & Quarring- ton (Lines.) Phrivodothyris eriviu$ gen. et sp. Carbonifer- High Blantyre XXXIII, 2a-d 541 nov. ous (Lanarksh.)

-- insolita sp. nov. do. Settle (Yorks.) XXXV, 5a-d 542

-- lineata (Martin) do. Treak Cliff (Derby- XXXV, la-d 543 shire) -- lucerna sp. nov. do. Lowick (l~orthumb.) XXXV, 2a~ 546 --. paricosta sp. nov, do. do. XXXV, 4a-d 548 -- periculosa sp. nov. do. Elbolton knoll, Lin- XXXIV, Sad 549 ton (Yorks.) -- vereeunda sp. nov, do. Chrome Hill (Derby- XXXV, Sad 55O shire) Reticularia acutiloba sp. nov. do. Scaleber, Settle XXXIV, 2a-d 551 (rorks.) alexandri sp. nov. do. do. XXXII, 2a~l 553 --- bellmanensis sp. nov. do. Clitheroe (Lancs.) XXXII, 3a-d 554 -- elliptica (Phillips) do. ' Bolland ' XXXIII, la-d 555 -- imbricata (Sowerby) do. Settle (Y'orks.) XXXI, lad 558 -- lobata Muir-Wood do. ' Bolland ' text-fig. ] 2 56O -- mesotoba (Phillips) do. do. XXXIV, lad 561

-- obtusa (Sowerby) do. Scaleber, Settle XXXI, 2a-d 563 (Yorks.) -- profeeta sp. nov. do. Whitewell (Lanes.) XXXII, la-d 565 -- sp. nov. do. Derbyshire text-fig. 14 567 I.AMELLIBRAI~CH/~ Limatula cerealis sp. nov. Lower Corn- Witney (Oxon.) 158 brash t XII, 10, 11 --cf. helvetica (Oppel) do. Enslow Bridge XII, 9 159 (Oxon.) Lima (Pseudolimea) duplicata do. Nr. Peterborough XIL 1, la, 2 160 (Sowerby) Limea interstincta (Phillips) Upper Corn- Searborough XII, 3, 4 161 brash Ostrea undosa Phillips ? Ha~kness do. XII, 8 162 Rock or Upper Cornbrash VUl FOSSILS FIGURED AND DESCRIBED

SPECIES ] -~kGE LOCALITY PLATE PAGE

LKMELLIBRANCFrlK--Continued Pseudomonotis braamburiensis Hackness I Scarborough XII, 5, 5a, 6 163 (Phillips) Rock t Pal~omutela rhomboidalis Upper Per- ] Njombe distr. (Tan- XXXIX, 4 625 (Sharpe) mian [ ganyika) -- oblonga (Jones) do. ] Songea distr. (Tan- XXXIX, 5, 6 626 [ ganyika) subparaUela Amalitsky do. ] Njombe distr. (Tan- XXXIX, 1~ 3 627 .... neglecta Jones do. / ganyik~~ XXXIX, 7-10 628 -- rectodonta Amalitsky do. [ do[ XXXIX, 11-15 629 Unio karrooensis sp. nov. Upper [ Gingama, Songea XL, 1-3b 630 Triassic I distr. (Tanganyika) PISCES Phyllolepi~ sp. Upper Harvey's Range LYI, 2, 3 852 Devonian (N.S.W.) Bothriolepis spp. do. New South Wales LVI, 5-8 853 (various) Remigolepiz sp. nov. do. Harvey's Range LVII, 2-5 853 (N.s.w.) text-fig. 2 Antiarehi lndet. do. do. LVII, 1, 6, text- 855 fig. 3 Holoptychius sp. do. do. LVI, 4 855 Crossopterygii indef. do. do. LVI, 1 856 REPTILIA Gem nov. (?), sp. nov. (?) Upper Per- Nr. Kingori (Tan- text-fig. 1 635 [Pareiasauria.] mian ganyika) Anthodon minusculus sp. nov. do. do. text-fig. 2 636 Cf. Titanosuchus sp. do. Nr. Kihoho Ilill text-fig. 3 638 M(Tanganyika) l)i~ huenei sp. nor. do. ount Kiwohe (Tan~ text-fig. 4 639 ganyika) -- tealei sp. nov. do. Below Usfli Mt. text.fig. 5 641 (Tanganyika) -- sp. tndet. Upper Njalfla (Tangan- text-figs. 6, 7 642 Triassic y~ka) Eocyclops sp. do. Below Mhangasl text-fig. 8 644 Ridge (Tangan- yika) Megacyclo~ rugos"tts sp. nov. Upper Katumbi Viwili text-figs. 9--11 646 Permian (Tanganyika) Pachytegas stockleyi gen. et. sp. do. Below Uaill Mt. text-figs. 12, 13 650 ~o~. (Tanganyika) Etenaulorhynchus stockleyi gen. Upper lqjalila (Tangan- text-figs. 14-17 655 et xp. nOD. Triassic y~ka) -- major sp. nov. do. do. text-fig. 18 661 Thecodontosaurus (?) alophos do. Gingama (Tangan- text-fig. 19 662 sp. nOD. yika) Gem et sp. indef. [Theropoda.] do. Njalfla (Tangan- text-fig. 20 664 yma)

PLKNT~ Lepidodendron mosaicum Salter Carbonifer- Nr. Wadi Khaboba XXI, 1, 2, 4, 5 351 ous (Sinai) XXII, 9 do. do. XXI, 3 352 XXII, 6-8 353 Hahmia tortuosa Lindley & do. do. XXII, 10 353 Hutton Ilaplosti~na irregulare Bokkeveld Schiet Kraal & Al- XXIII, 1-4, 6 359 (Schwarz) & Witte- bany (Cape Pro- XXIV, 8-13 berg Beds vince) --$p. Bokkeveld Uitenhage (Cape XXIII, 7 362 Beds Province) Incertm sedis Witteberg Nourse Poort, Stey- XXIII, 5 362 Shales thervflle (Cape Province) LIST OF THE PLATES IN THIS VOLUME Facing page PLATE I. Igneous rocks of the Loch Boon area, Galloway 34 ,, II. Igneous and metamorphic rocks of the same area 34 ,, III. Topographical map of the same area 34 ,, IV. Geological map of the same area . 34

,, V. Overflow-channels from Lake Wasdale . 82 ,, VI. Views of Muncaster Fell and the Muncaster Castle delta . 82 ,, VII. General map of the Wasdale, Miterdale, and Eskdale district . 82 ,, VIII. Views of pits in Slindon Bottom and Pear-tree Knapp, Sussex 98 ,, IX. Views of the Aldingbourne pits, Sussex . 98 PLATES X & XI. Cornbrash brachiopoda 168 PLATE XII. Cornbrash and Oxfordian lamellibranchia 168 ,, XIII. Hornblendic xenoliths and garnetiferous granite, Dartmoor . 234 ,, XIV. Geological map of the country around Mynydd Rhiw and Sam, Carnarvonshire 272 ,, XV. Xenoliths of porphyritic granite, Gr6ve Rose, Tr6gastel . 296 ,, XVI. Sph~eroidal basic rocks invaded by granite, Gr~ve Ste. Anne, Tr~gastel . 296 ,, XVII. Rocks from Tr6gastel-Ploumanac'h 296 ,, XVIII. Geological map of Tr6gastel-Ploumanac'h, Brittany 296 PLATES XIX & XX. Metamorphic rocks of East Greenland 348 PLATE XXI. Lepidodendron mosaicum Salter and Lepidodendron sp. 356 ,, XXII. Lepidodendron sp., Lepidodendron mosaicum Salter, and Halonia tortuosa Lindley & Hutton 356 PLATES XXIII & XXIV. Haplostigma 368 ,, XXV & XXVI. Volcanic rocks from Uganda 438 PLATE XXVlI. Contorted quartzites and schists of the Muva Series, near Munserensetli Kopje; and compressed boulder conglomerate, base of Lower Bwana M'Kubwa Series, Kafuo Valley, Northern Rhodesia 512 ,, XXVIII. Boulders of N'Changa rod granite, showing early and advanced stages of rounding . . - 512 LIST OF THE PLATES IN THIS VOLUME Faelno laage PLATE XXIX. Rocks from N'Changa district, Northern Rhodesia 514 ,, XXX. Geological map and sections of the N'Changa district, Northern Rhodesia . . . 514 PLATES XXXI & XXXII. Reticularia . 572 ,, XXXIII & XXXIV. Reticularia and Phrlcodothyris . 572 PLATE XXXV. _Phricodothyris 572 ,, XXXVI. Contact rocks from south-eastern Dartmoor . 606 ,, XXXVII. Geological map of the country between Ivy. bridge and Buckfastleigh, Devon . . 606 ,, XXXVIII. Geological map of the Ruhuhu coalfields, Tanganyika Territory, showing fossil localities 622 ,, XXXIX. Palwomutela 632 ,, XL. Unio karrooensis sp. nov. . 632 ,, XLI. North-eastern view over the Finke Gorge at Glen Helen, Central Australia 710 ,, XLII. Nearer view of the Pound seen in Pl. XLI . . 7 l0 ,, XLIII. North-eastern view over the southern portion of the MacDonnell Ranges between the Finke River and Ellery's Creek, Central Australia . . 710 ,, XLIV. The Heavitree quartzite at Temple Bar Gap ; and Ellery's Creek as it leaves the Larapintine Series, Central Australia 710 ,, XLV. Geological map of the western MacDonnell Ranges, Central Australia 710 ,, XLVI. Geological sections across the MacDonnell, James, and Waterhouse Ranges, Central Australia 710 ,, XLVII. Permian lavas of Devon 772 ,, XLVIII. Xenocryst minerals from the Devon Permian lavas . . 772 ,, XLIX. Xenolith phenomena in the Permian lavaa south of Dartmoor 772 ,, L. Map showing the distribution of the Permian lavas of Devon 772 ,, LI. Agglomerates, crushed and foliatod granite, and contact of acid ring-dykes, Slieve Gullion, Ireland . 846 ,, LII. Crush-breccia of Newry granite . . 846 ,, LIII. Views of ring ridge, westwards of Slieve Gullion . 846 ,, LIV. Panorama of Tertiary igneous district of Slieve Gullion, from the south 846 ,, LV. Map of the Tertiary Ring Complex of Slieve GuUion 846 P~T~.S LVI & LVII. Upper Devonian fishes from New South Wales 856 PLATE LVIII. A re-excavated portion of the disused quarries in Park Plantation, Plowden (Shropshire), showing the unconformity between the Valentian sediments and the Pre-Cambrian slates 900 ,, LIX. Geological map of the Little Stretton, Plowden, Myndtown area, Shropshire .... 900 LIST OF THE PLATES IN THIS VOLUME xi Facing page PLATE LX. Geological maps of the Norbury and Snead areas and of the Breidden outcrop of Valentian rocks in West Shropshire and East Montgomeryshire . 900 ,, LXI. Geological maps of the Wilmington and Minsterley districts, Shropshire 900 ,, LXII. Examples of alongshore structures on the south- eastern flank of the south-western spur of the Longmynd 900