Peirce's Twenty-Eight Classes of Signs and the Philosophy of Representation
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UC Berkeley Dissertations, Department of Linguistics
UC Berkeley Dissertations, Department of Linguistics Title Politeness in Japanese Sign Language (JSL): Polite JSL Expression as Evidence for Intermodal Language Contact Influence Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4jq1v247 Author George, Johnny Publication Date 2011 eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California Politeness in Japanese Sign Language (JSL): Polite JSL expression as evidence for intermodal language contact influence By Johnny Earl George A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in LINGUISTICS in the GRADUATE DIVISION of the UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY Committee in charge: Professor Eve Sweetser, Chair Professor Sharon Inkelas Professor Yoko Hasegawa Fall 2011 Politeness in Japanese Sign Language (JSL): Polite JSL expression as evidence for intermodal language contact influence © 2011 by Johnny Earl George 1 ABSTRACT Politeness in Japanese Sign Language (JSL): Polite JSL expression as evidence for intermodal language contact influence by Johnny Earl George Doctor of Philosophy in Linguistics University of California, Berkeley Professor Eve Sweetser, Chair This dissertation shows how signers mark polite register in JSL and uncovers a number of features salient to the linguistic encoding of politeness. My investigation of JSL politeness considers the relationship between Japanese sign and speech and how users of these languages adapt their communicative style based on the social context. This work examines: the Deaf Japanese community as minority language users and the concomitant effects on the development of JSL; politeness in JSL independently and in relation to spoken Japanese, along with the subsequent implications for characterizing polite Japanese communicative interaction; and the results of two studies that provide descriptions of the ways in which JSL users linguistically encode polite register. -
The Category of Code Is Widely Used Not Only in Semiotics, but Also In
Nadezda N. Izotova The category of code is widely used not only in PhD in Cultural Studies, Associate Professor of the semiotics, but also in other humanitarian disciplines Department of the Japanese, Korean, Indonesian and Mongolian languages, Moscow State Institute of and is significantly promising. French philosopher and International Relations (MGIMO) of the Ministry of cultural theorist Michel Foucault notes that the Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation. 119454, 76 Vernadskogo av., Moscow, Russian Federation. fundamental codes of any culture play a key role in a ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2817-004X. person’s life and determine “the empirical orders with E-mail: [email protected]. which he will be dealing and within which he will be at Received in: Approved in: home” (FOUCAULT, 1977, p. 37). Despite different 2021-01-10 2021-02-02 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24115/S2446-6220202172681p.33-41 approaches to the classification and interpretation of the ontological status and to the culture code functioning, scholars agree that the culture code is a part of the cultural process, its semantic core, rather than a description of a cultural phenomenon per se. The relevance of understanding and interpreting culture codes is determined by the necessity of arranging, classifying, and analyzing the code systems. The decryption of the culture codes and the reconstruction of the corresponding historical and cultural contexts are vital tasks not only for culturology, but also for other humanities. The study of culture codes is regarded as one of the basic means for understanding the mentality and value orientations of both any particular individual and the “cosmo-psycho-logos” of any ethnic group (GACHEV, 1995). -
Review: Marcello Barbieri (Ed) (2007) Introduction to Biosemiotics. the New Biological Synthesis
tripleC 5(3): 104-109, 2007 ISSN 1726-670X http://tripleC.uti.at Review: Marcello Barbieri (Ed) (2007) Introduction to Biosemiotics. The new biological synthesis. Dordrecht: Springer Günther Witzany telos – Philosophische Praxis Vogelsangstr. 18c A-5111-Buermoos/Salzburg Austria E-mail: [email protected] 1 Thematic background without utterances we act as non-uttering indi- viduals being dependent on the discourse de- Maybe it is no chance that the discovery of the rived meaning processes of a linguistic (e.g. sci- genetic code occurred during the hot phase of entific) community. philosophy of science discourse about the role of This position marks the primary difference to language in generating models of scientific ex- the subject of knowledge of Kantian knowledge planation. The code-metaphor was introduced theories wherein one subject alone in principle parallel to other linguistic terms to denote lan- could be able to generate sentences in which it guage like features of the nucleic acid sequence generates knowledge. This abstractive fallacy molecules such as “code without commas” was ruled out in the early 50s of the last century (Francis Crick). At the same time the 30 years of being replaced by the “community of investiga- trying to establish an exact scientific language to tors” (Peirce) represented by the scientific com- delimit objective sentences from non-objective munity in which every single scientist is able the ones derived one of his peaks in the linguistic place his utterance looking for being integrated turn. in the discourse community in which his utter- ances will be proven whether they are good ar- 1.1 Changing subjects of knowledge guments or not. -
Discourse Types in Stand-Up Comedy Performances: an Example of Nigerian Stand-Up Comedy
http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/EJHR2015.3.1.filani European Journal of Humour Research 3 (1) 41–60 www.europeanjournalofhumour.org Discourse types in stand-up comedy performances: an example of Nigerian stand-up comedy Ibukun Filani PhD student, Department of English, University of Ibadan [email protected] Abstract The primary focus of this paper is to apply Discourse Type theory to stand-up comedy. To achieve this, the study postulates two contexts in stand-up joking stories: context of the joke and context in the joke. The context of the joke, which is inflexible, embodies the collective beliefs of stand-up comedians and their audience, while the context in the joke, which is dynamic, is manifested by joking stories and it is made up of the joke utterance, participants in the joke and activity/situation in the joke. In any routine, the context of the joke interacts with the context in the joke and vice versa. For analytical purpose, the study derives data from the routines of male and female Nigerian stand-up comedians. The analysis reveals that stand-up comedians perform discourse types, which are specific communicative acts in the context of the joke, such as greeting/salutation, reporting and informing, which bifurcates into self- praising and self denigrating. Keywords: discourse types; stand-up comedy; contexts; jokes. 1. Introduction Humour and laughter have been described as cultural universal (Oring 2003). According to Schwarz (2010), humour represents a central aspect of everyday conversations and all humans participate in humorous speech and behaviour. This is why humour, together with its attendant effect- laughter, has been investigated in the field of linguistics and other disciplines such as philosophy, psychology, sociology and anthropology. -
Semiotics and Contemporary Play Directing: the Example of Ogonna Agu’S Dawn in the Academy
ISSN 1712-8358[Print] Cross-Cultural Communication ISSN 1923-6700[Online] Vol. 16, No. 3, 2020, pp. 57-62 www.cscanada.net DOI:10.3968/11746 www.cscanada.org Semiotics and Contemporary Play Directing: The Example of Ogonna Agu’s Dawn in the Academy Affiong Fred Effiom[a],* [a]Department of Theatre, Film and Carnival Studies, University of Effiom, A. F. (2020). Semiotics and Contemporary Play Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria. Directing: The Example of Ogonna Agu’s Dawn in the Academy. *Corresponding author. Cross-Cultural Communication, 16(3), 57-62. Available from: http//www.cscanada.net/index.php/ccc/article/view/11746 Received 3 August 2020; accepted 1 September 2020 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/11746 Published online 26 September 2020 Abstract The success of any theatrical performance depends INTRODUCTION largely on how the theatre director understands, A study of the major styles, concepts and approaches experiments and explores the wide array of techniques in theatre reveal a preponderance of techniques and and approaches for creating such theatrical production. diverse method of theatrical presentation. More so, with This inquiry experimented on the semiotic theory, a the preoccupation of the modern theatre practitioner, 21st century postmodern experimental form, as an whose essence consists in varied experimentations approach to creating a theatrical production. The play carried out either by projecting old concepts, question script Dawn in the Academy was semiotically analyzed certain phenomena or tenets of existing movements. This and presented from a directorial perspective on the stage development had no doubt, characterized contemporary of Chinua Achebe Arts Theatre, University of Calabar, theatre and set its dynamism along a transient path. -
Media Theory and Semiotics: Key Terms and Concepts Binary
Media Theory and Semiotics: Key Terms and Concepts Binary structures and semiotic square of oppositions Many systems of meaning are based on binary structures (masculine/ feminine; black/white; natural/artificial), two contrary conceptual categories that also entail or presuppose each other. Semiotic interpretation involves exposing the culturally arbitrary nature of this binary opposition and describing the deeper consequences of this structure throughout a culture. On the semiotic square and logical square of oppositions. Code A code is a learned rule for linking signs to their meanings. The term is used in various ways in media studies and semiotics. In communication studies, a message is often described as being "encoded" from the sender and then "decoded" by the receiver. The encoding process works on multiple levels. For semiotics, a code is the framework, a learned a shared conceptual connection at work in all uses of signs (language, visual). An easy example is seeing the kinds and levels of language use in anyone's language group. "English" is a convenient fiction for all the kinds of actual versions of the language. We have formal, edited, written English (which no one speaks), colloquial, everyday, regional English (regions in the US, UK, and around the world); social contexts for styles and specialized vocabularies (work, office, sports, home); ethnic group usage hybrids, and various kinds of slang (in-group, class-based, group-based, etc.). Moving among all these is called "code-switching." We know what they mean if we belong to the learned, rule-governed, shared-code group using one of these kinds and styles of language. -
University of Tartu Sign Systems Studies
University of Tartu Sign Systems Studies 32 Sign Systems Studies 32.1/2 Тартуский университет Tartu Ülikool Труды по знаковым системам Töid märgisüsteemide alalt 32.1/2 University of Tartu Sign Systems Studies volume 32.1/2 Editors: Peeter Torop Mihhail Lotman Kalevi Kull M TARTU UNIVERSITY I PRESS Tartu 2004 Sign Systems Studies is an international journal of semiotics and sign processes in culture and nature Periodicity: one volume (two issues) per year Official languages: English and Russian; Estonian for abstracts Established in 1964 Address of the editorial office: Department of Semiotics, University of Tartu Tiigi St. 78, Tartu 50410, Estonia Information and subscription: http://www.ut.ee/SOSE/sss.htm Assistant editor: Silvi Salupere International editorial board: John Deely (Houston, USA) Umberto Eco (Bologna, Italy) Vyacheslav V. Ivanov (Los Angeles, USA, and Moscow, Russia) Julia Kristeva (Paris, France) Winfried Nöth (Kassel, Germany, and Sao Paulo, Brazil) Alexander Piatigorsky (London, UK) Roland Posner (Berlin, Germany) Eero Tarasti (Helsinki, Finland) t Thure von Uexküll (Freiburg, Germany) Boris Uspenskij (Napoli, Italy) Irina Avramets (Tartu, Estonia) Jelena Grigorjeva (Tartu, Estonia) Ülle Pärli (Tartu, Estonia) Anti Randviir (Tartu, Estonia) Copyright University of Tartu, 2004 ISSN 1406-4243 Tartu University Press www.tyk.ut.ee Sign Systems Studies 32.1/2, 2004 Table of contents John Deely Semiotics and Jakob von Uexkiill’s concept of um welt .......... 11 Семиотика и понятие умвельта Якоба фон Юксюолла. Резюме ...... 33 Semiootika ja Jakob von Uexkülli omailma mõiste. Kokkuvõte ............ 33 Torsten Rüting History and significance of Jakob von Uexküll and of his institute in Hamburg ......................................................... 35 Якоб фон Юкскюлл и его институт в Гамбурге: история и значение. -
Biosemiotic Entropy of the Genome: Mutations and Epigenetic Imbalances Resulting in Cancer
Entropy 2013, 15, 234-261; doi:10.3390/e15010234 OPEN ACCESS entropy ISSN 1099-4300 www.mdpi.com/journal/entropy Concept Paper Biosemiotic Entropy of the Genome: Mutations and Epigenetic Imbalances Resulting in Cancer Berkley E. Gryder 1,*, Chase W. Nelson 2 and Samuel S. Shepard 3 1 School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA 2 Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] (C.W.N.) 3 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Influenza Division, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA; E-Mail: [email protected] (S.S.S.) * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-864-906-2506. Received: 1 November 2012; in revised form: 30 December 2012 / Accepted: 11 January 2013 / Published: 16 January 2013 Abstract: Biosemiotic entropy involves the deterioration of biological sign systems. The genome is a coded sign system that is connected to phenotypic outputs through the interpretive functions of the tRNA/ribosome machinery. This symbolic sign system (semiosis) at the core of all biology has been termed “biosemiosis”. Layers of biosemiosis and cellular information management are analogous in varying degrees to the semiotics of computer programming, spoken, and written human languages. Biosemiotic entropy—an error or deviation from a healthy state—results from errors in copying functional information (mutations) and errors in the appropriate context or quantity of gene expression (epigenetic imbalance). The concept of biosemiotic entropy is a deeply imbedded assumption in the study of cancer biology. -
Chapter 2 : Music As Sign-System—A Survey of Scholarship
Chapter 2 : Music as sign-system—a survey of scholarship The best way to predict the future is to invent it. (Sinister CIA-type character, The X-Files) For surely we want to make a new start which is no longer ideological, essentialist, racist or secretly nationalistic. In other words, a new beginning which is inherently neither consciously nor unconsciously making differences and evaluations. (Tarasti 1997:180) 2.1 Introduction: Semiotics and linguistic theory Semiotics tells us things we already know in a language we will never understand. (Whannel, in Hodge 2003) The purpose of this chapter is to develop a theoretical framework, drawing on semiotics and its related potential linguistic and cultural underpinnings, for the explanation of the dynamics and functioning of Soundpainting as a system for the collaborative creation of music in performance. An overview of contemporary critical theory provides the reader with a survey of some of the main currents of this thinking as a background to the application of semiotics to notated music. The author contends that semiotics, while very much a part of contemporary linguistic theory, has certain limitations as far as the analysis of improvised music is concerned, especially when such analysis is harnessed to a focus on musical works as formal objects. 2 -2 The work of Saussure and Peirce is discussed as the origin of many of the most important contemporary theories about language and culture to emerge during the course of the twentieth century. Following from an examination of Saussure and Peirce, the author considers the applications of structuralist thinking as evidenced by early Barthes and goes on to examine poststructuralism as a shift in Barthes’s thinking from work to text. -
The Aesthetic Code of Russian Postmodernism
Russian Culture Center for Democratic Culture 2012 The Aesthetic Code of Russian Postmodernism Mark Lipovetsky Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/russian_culture Part of the Other Languages, Societies, and Cultures Commons, and the Slavic Languages and Societies Commons Repository Citation Lipovetsky, M. (2012). The Aesthetic Code of Russian Postmodernism. In Dmitri N. Shalin, 1-36. Available at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/russian_culture/19 This Article is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Article in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Article has been accepted for inclusion in Russian Culture by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Aesthetic Code of Russian Postmodernism [1] Mark Lipovetsky Introduction Postmodernist discourse has become central to literary criticism in the 1990s. Unlike many other literary discourses, it was never formally announced, yet beginning in the late 1980s (with Mikhail Epstein’s articles) it took over almost all literary publications and effectively led to a new polarization of literary -
Sport As a Semiotic Structure
Review Article J Phy Fit Treatment & Sports Volume 2 Issue 2 - March 2018 Copyright © All rights are reserved by Klimov Mikhail Yuruevich DOI: 10.19080/JPFMTS.2018.02.555585 Sport as a Semiotic Structure Klimov Mikhail Yuruevich* Associate Professor, Department of physical education, Altai state University, Russia Submission: March 07, 2018; Published: March 20, 2018 *Corresponding author: Klimov Mikhail Yuruevich, Associate Professor, Department of physical education, Altai state University, Russia, Tel: 89039957808; Email: Abstract Sport is a corporal competition with strict rules with an aim to determine the winner. Sport is a conditional, gaming system, which communicative sign structure has no practical value. Analysis of sports as a structure allows you to select the category of form (rules) and content (the competition). There is one more category - value (determining the winner), expressing the very essence of sport. In semiotics category of value, along with form and content is of essence in nature. The term value itself is derived from sign. If the form expresses “what” the content-”how to”, then the value meets “why”. These semiotic categories do not relate exclusively to the sport, you can select them in any cultural phenomenon, human environment, all which in addition to carrying out biological functions attaches to human life and activities form, value and content”. with unquestionable signs of significant organization. E Benvenist defines culture as “ Introduction only actions arising from the rules. Even if two players chase the system of signs that indicate concepts, the most important of all of this definition: in any competition the athlete must perform Definition by Ferdinand de Saussure says that language is a ball in a vacant lot in the absence of judges and spectators, they systems in semiologic phenomena [1,2]. -
Animal Umwelten in a Changing World
Tartu Semiotics Library 18 Tartu Tartu Semiotics Library 18 Animal umwelten in a changing world: Zoosemiotic perspectives represents a clear and concise review of zoosemiotics, present- ing theories, models and methods, and providing interesting examples of human–animal interactions. The reader is invited to explore the umwelten of animals in a successful attempt to retrieve the relationship of people with animals: a cornerstone of the past common evolutionary processes. The twelve chapters, which cover recent developments in zoosemiotics and much more, inspire the reader to think about the human condition and about ways to recover our lost contact with the animal world. Written in a clear, concise style, this collection of articles creates a wonderful bridge between Timo Maran, Morten Tønnessen, human and animal worlds. It represents a holistic approach Kristin Armstrong Oma, rich with suggestions for how to educate people to face the dynamic relationships with nature within the conceptual Laura Kiiroja, Riin Magnus, framework of the umwelt, providing stimulus and opportuni- Nelly Mäekivi, Silver Rattasepp, ties to develop new studies in zoosemiotics. Professor Almo Farina, CHANGING WORLD A IN UMWELTEN ANIMAL Paul Thibault, Kadri Tüür University of Urbino “Carlo Bo” This important book offers the first coherent gathering of perspectives on the way animals are communicating with each ANIMAL UMWELTEN other and with us as environmental change requires increasing adaptation. Produced by a young generation of zoosemiotics scholars engaged in international research programs at Tartu, IN A CHANGING this work introduces an exciting research field linking the biological sciences with the humanities. Its key premises are that all animals participate in a dynamic web of meanings WORLD: and signs in their own distinctive styles, and all animal spe- cies have distinctive cultures.