Anatomy of the Trachea and Bronchial Tree

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Anatomy of the Trachea and Bronchial Tree The trachea and bronchial tree form a systemLearning Points of airways that allow the passage of air to the lungs to take place in gas exchange. The trachea is about 10cm long and extends from the level of the 6th cervical vertebrae (at the cricoid cartilage) to the 4th thoracic vertebrae. It is an elastic structure held open by incomplete C-shaped cartilaginous tracheal rings joined p o s t e r i o r l y b y t h e trachealis muscle. The trachea divides into the right and left main bronchi at the carina which is at the level of the 5th thoracic vertebrae. The carina is the most sensitive area of the trachea for triggering the cough reflex. Larynx, Trachea and Bronchial Tree The right and left main bronchi differ from each other. The right is shorter (only 3cm in length before it gives off the bronchus to the right upper lobe), wider and more vertical. The left is longer (5cm), narrower and more horizontal. Bronchoscopy view of the carina This means that inhaled foreign bodies are more likely to enter the right main bronchus. It also means that it is easier to place a double lumen tube into the left main bronchus rather than the right where the upper lobe can easily be obstructed. The right and left main bronchi undergo further branching to produce secondary bronchi. Each secondary bronchi supplies a lobe of the lung. The right lung has 3 lobes and the left lung has 2 lobes. The lobar bronchi then give rise to several segmental bronchi each of which supplies a bronchopulmonary segment. Bronchopulmonary segments consist of numerous smaller airways, the bronchioles, which make up the functional units of the lungs. .

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1. Launch the View! • Launch Human Anatomy Atlas. • Navigate to Quizzes/Lab Activities, Find the Respiratory Lab Section
Name: __________________________________________________________ Date: ______________________________ Activity 1: Respiratory System Lab 1. Launch the view! • Launch Human Anatomy Atlas. • Navigate to Quizzes/Lab Activities, find the Respiratory Lab section. • Launch Augmented Reality mode and scan the image below. • Don’t have AR? Select view 1. Respiratory System. 2. Fill in the blanks. • Find the structures listed in the word bank. • Read the definitions, then fill in the blank with the correct respiratory system structure from the word bank. © Argosy Publishing, Inc., 2007-2018. All Rights Reserved. 1/2 Name: __________________________________________________________ Date: ______________________________ Word bank: • Alveoli • Nasopharynx • Bronchi • Oropharynx • Laryngopharynx • Primary bronchi • Lungs • Trachea • Nasal cavity The ______________________________ is composed of the chambers of the internal nose that function as a part of the upper respiratory system. The ______________________________ is the most posterior part of the pharynx. It is shared by the respiratory system and the digestive system. The upper respiratory and upper digestive tracts diverge right after this structure. The front of this structure merges with the triangular entrance of the larynx. The ______________________________ conveys air between the upper and lower respiratory structures. The ______________________________ is a portion of the pharynx that begins at the rear of the nasal cavity and functions as an airway in the upper respiratory system. Its cavity always stays open, unlike the other parts of the pharynx. The ______________________________ are two organs that are responsible for gas exchange. The ______________________________ are the major airways of the lower respiratory system. The ______________________________ are the main sites of gas exchange, where oxygen is brought into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is removed.
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